140th Infantry Regiment (United States)
It was first organized as the 6th Infantry Regiment of the Missouri National Guard in 1898 during the Spanish–American War, and was soon mustered into Federal service as the 6th Missouri Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Mustered out following service in the occupation of Cuba, it was reorganized as the 6th Battalion of Infantry in 1901 and expanded into a regiment of the same number in 1908, but disbanded in 1914.


140th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The regiment was reconstituted in 1917 for service in World War I, and in Federal service consolidated with the 3rd Missouri Infantry Regiment to form the 140th Infantry. Part of the 35th Division, it served with the American Expeditionary Forces in the Meuse-Argonne. Reorganized in 1921, it served in World War II in the continental United States, then was reactivated after the end of the war. It was inactivated during a reorganization of the army in 1968.


140th Infantry Regiment (United States), Origins
The 6th Infantry Regiment of the Missouri National Guard was organized on 27 June 1898, during the Spanish–American War. As the 6th Missouri Volunteer Infantry Regiment, it mustered into Federal service between 20 and 23 July at Jefferson Barracks. The regiment served in the United States Army with the occupation force in Cuba, and mustered out at Savannah, Georgia, on May 10, 1899. Reorganized on 10 July 1901 as the 6th Battalion of Infantry in the Missouri National Guard, it was expanded into a regiment on 23 January 1908. It was again disbanded on 25 July 1914.


140th Infantry Regiment (United States), World War I
On June 29, 1917, the regiment was reactivated for service in the First World War when it consolidated with elements of the 3rd Missouri to create the 140th Infantry in October 1917. The new regiment was assigned to the 35th Division. Within the 35th Division they were assigned to the 70th Brigade alongside the 139th Infantry. Companies of the regiment were drawn primarily from the southeast of the state; Company A hailed from Lexington, Companies B and C were recruited from St. Joseph, Company D came from Sedalia. Companies E, F, G, and H were recruited from Doniphan, Willow Springs, Richmond, and Dexter respectively. Companies I, K, L, and M were pulled from Kennett, Sikeston, Cape Girardeau and Poplar Bluff respectively. Additional troops were recruited from Jefferson City, Seymour, Carterville, and West Plains.


140th Infantry Regiment (United States), World War I
The regiment organized and trained in the United States at Camp Doniphan, Oklahoma and then shipped out for France where it began training under British tutelage in June 1918. In July, the 140th had its first taste of combat in the Gérardmer sector in the Vosges Mountains, where they conducted raids on German forces. They were moved to the Saint-Mihiel sector in September where they served as a reserve for the First Army. The regiment soon participated in the Meuse-Argonne offensive, the largest battle the American Expeditionary Forces waged during the war.


140th Infantry Regiment (United States), World War I
After five days of intense battle, they were relieved by elements of the 1st Division and were placed in the Sommedieue sector where they launched harassing attacks on the enemy positions until the Armistice of November 11, 1918, ended the war. They were deactivated in 1919 with the rest of the 35th Division.


140th Infantry Regiment (United States), World War II
When World War II broke out and America became involved due to the Attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, the 140th Infantry moved to California in order to defend against possible Japanese attacks on the West Coast. The 140th Infantry was relieved of assignment to the 35th Infantry Division on 27 January 1943 and assigned to the Western Defense Command. The regiment was transferred to Camp Howze, Texas on 5 February 1944 and assigned to the XXIII Corps on 10 April 1944 and the XXXVI Corps on 19 September 1944.


140th Infantry Regiment (United States), World War II
The 140th was assigned to the Replacement and School Command on 17 November 1944 and moved to Camp Swift, Texas on 10 December 1944. At Camps Howze and Swift, the 140th Infantry regiment was reduced to a training cadre and provided an accelerated six-week course of infantry training (four weeks of familiarization, qualification, and transition firing, and two weeks of tactical training) to 2,900 men, who were formerly members of disbanded anti-aircraft and tank destroyer units or who had volunteered for transfer to the infantry from other branches of the Army. On 23 February 1945, the 140th Infantry moved to Camp Rucker, Alabama, where they were inactivated on 20 September 1945.


140th Infantry Regiment (United States), Cold War
After the end of World War II, the 140th Infantry continued as part of the Missouri National Guard, assigned to the reorganized 35th Infantry Division on 20 June 1946. The regiment was organized in southeastern Missouri and its headquarters at Cape Girardeau, Missouri received federal recognition later that year on 16 October. As part of the ROAD reorganization on 1 April 1963, the 1st and 2nd Battle Groups became the 1st and 2nd Battalions, with the 2nd Battalion being designated mechanized infantry. On 15 January 1968, both battalions of the 140th Infantry converted into a variety of support units:


140th Infantry Regiment (United States), Cold War
The number of the 140th and its heraldry were inherited in 2001 by the 140th Regiment (Regional Training Institute), the training school of the Missouri Army National Guard.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States)
The 140th Military Intelligence Battalion (Combat Electronic Warfare Intelligence) (Heavy Division) of the United States Army Reserve was constituted on 16 July 1986, assigned to the 63rd Army Reserve Command ("Blood and Fire"), and activated with headquarters at the General George Smith Patton Jr. United States Army Reserve Center, located at 5340 Bandini Boulevard in Bell, California. The battalion inactivated in 1995.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States)
The battalion's full-time property book officer and supply sergeants were recognized as having the best-run unit supply operation of any battalion in the Army Reserve in both 1991 and 1992.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States)
The 140th MI Battalion's activation was essentially simultaneous with the inactivation of the 309th Army Security Agency Battalion. The personnel and facilities of the 309th were initially transferred to the 140th at that time, although the lineage and insignia were not. Nine years later, the 140th was similarly inactivated essentially simultaneously with the activation of the 368th Military Intelligence Battalion, to whom the personnel and facilities were transferred without the lineage and insignia.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Location
The 140th MI Battalion, its HHS, A, B and C Companies were stationed at the General George S. Patton Jr. United States Army Reserve Center, located at 5340 Bandini Boulevard, in Bell, California. Patton USAR Center, the sprawling General Services Administration warehouse complex to the south, the U.S. Postal Service's processing center to the north and north-east, the National Guard armory to the west, and the adjacent commercial buildings to the east and immediate south, were constructed on what had been Cheli Air Force Station until 1961.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Location
In fiscal year 1991, the battalion's offices and motor pool removed from the facility's World War II–era temporary structures, into newly constructed buildings in the reserve centre; the same postal address was retained. The centre's wooden warehouse building, in which offices had been constructed, was razed, leaving only the cinderblock arms vault above the building's high slab. A new steel structure was built atop the slab, with essentially the same footprint as the original building.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Location
The 307th and, subsequently, 651st Military Intelligence Companies were located 24 km (15 mi) north of the battalion, at the Captain Reginald B. Desiderio United States Army Reserve Center on Westminster Drive in Pasadena, California.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Organization
Although assigned to the Army Reserve, the 140th Military intelligence Battalion was the organic military intelligence battalion of the 40th Infantry Division (Mechanized) of the California Army National Guard. The battalion's numerical designation followed U.S. Army custom of adding 100 to the supported infantry division's number; see also: the 1st Infantry Division's former 101st Military Intelligence Battalion and the 4th Infantry Division's former 104th Military Intelligence Battalion; cf: comparable battalions in armored divisions would have a number 500 greater than the division.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Training challenges
As the 40th Infantry Division's primary wartime trace was to the Eighth United States Army and the defense of South Korea, the 140th Military Intelligence Battalion was configured to specialize in the Korean and Mandarin Chinese languages. Obtaining and retaining language-qualified reserve soldiers in Southern California proved difficult.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Training challenges
Modest gains were made with the Army Reserve's institution of the Military Intelligence Special Training Element (MISTE, pronounced "misty") program, in which military intelligence units, including the 140th, were assigned language-qualified, MOS-qualified reserve soldiers (primarily those with prior active duty service) residing hundreds or thousands of miles away. Given the distance to be traveled, the MISTE soldiers would fly in to drill only bi-monthly, usually at Regional Training Site – Intelligence (RTS-I) at Hamilton Army Airfield north of San Francisco, California. The MISTE soldiers participated in annual training with the rest of the battalion.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Training challenges
Maintaining technical skills was also a problem, as much of the equipment—such as direction-finding trucks, radio intercept trucks, radio jamming trucks, inter alia—was prohibitively expensive for the Army to provide just to have it sit in storage twenty-eight days or more per month. Because of likely damage to streets, the battalion's M113 armored personnel carriers, M577 tactical operations center vehicles and M578 recovery vehicles were stored at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton; the three-hour round trip negated monthly training on the tracked vehicles.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Training challenges
When Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990, the four-year-old battalion was neither adequately manned nor trained for mobilization. Even had the battalion been at full, qualified strength, proficiency in Korean and Mandarin would have been of little use in Southwest Asia. Several of the battalion's reserve soldiers, however, were individually cross-leveled into other units and mobilized for Operation Desert Shield and Operation Desert Storm in 1990–1991.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, Battalion
The mission of the 140th Military Intelligence Battalion (CEWI) (HD) was to command, control, staff, plan, and supervise its organic and attached companies which provide direct support intelligence, electronic warfare, non-communications intercept & analysis, human intelligence, counterintelligence, and ground surveillance radar support to  the 40th Infantry Division. The battalion was organized with the intent of being able to:


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, HHS Company
The Headquarters and Headquarters Services Company contained most of the battalion's analysis, supply, and communications personnel, as well as all of the IEW support, administration, vehicle maintenance, communications maintenance, and food service personnel. Accordingly, unlike a stereotypical battalion headquarters company, the HHS Company of a CEWI battalion comprised over half of the battalion's total authorised strength. The company's missions were to:


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, HHS Company
The major items of equipment organic to HHS Company included:


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, Alpha Company
Company A (Collection and Jamming) was composed of three C&J platoons, a radio telegraphy team, and a traffic analysis section. Of the three C&J platoons, one each was concerned with:


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, Alpha Company
The major items of equipment organic to Company A included:


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, Bravo Company
Company B (Intelligence and Surveillance) was divided into two very distinctive platoons. The ground surveillance radar platoon had three squads of scouts to carry, install, and utilise ground surveillance radars to observe enemy vehicle traffic. These three squads would provide GSR support to the division's three manoeuvre brigades.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, Bravo Company
The other platoon, known as the operations support element, was composed of two counterintelligence teams and two interrogation teams. The platoon was designed to conduct enemy prisoner of war interrogation and provide limited counterintelligence support to the division. Because an officer could not become qualified in either counterintelligence or human intelligence unless and until he or she completed the respective military intelligence officer advanced course, Company B was unusual in that the operations support platoon was led by a captain.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, Bravo Company
The major items of equipment organic to Company B were AN/PPS-5A Ground Surveillance Radar Sets.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, Charlie Company
Company C (Electronic Warfare) was built around a large signals intelligence ("SIGINT") processing platoon composed of an analysis section, three non-communication intercept teams and five master control stations. Outside of the platoon was a radio teletypewriter section. Company C's mission was to:


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, Charlie Company
The major items of equipment organic to Company C included:


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, Long Range Surveillance Detachment
Detachment D (Long Range Surveillance) was an airborne infantry detachment, designed to parachute far in advance of friendly lines with radios and sufficient provisions to sustain themselves. Once in position, they were to remain camouflaged, while observing enemy activity and other conditions of intelligence value, and report their findings via radio.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, 651st MI Company
The 651st Military Intelligence Company (Interrogation and Exploitation) (Echelons Above Corps), designed to support a theatre army, was composed of a document exploitation team, a target exploitation team, a technical intelligence section, and six interrogation & exploitation squads in two platoons. The company's mission was to:


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Mission, 651st MI Company
The major items of equipment organic to the 651st MI Company included:


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Insignia, Coat of Arms
Shield:  Azure within an orle argent, in base a pyramid of the like and in chief a sun in splendor issuing to base five lightning flashes or and charged with a globe of the like grid-lined of the first.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Insignia, Coat of Arms
Crest: That for the regiments and separate battalions of the Army Reserve: On a wreath of the colours, argent and azure, the Lexington Minuteman proper. The statue of the Minuteman, Capt. John Parker (Henry Hudson Kitson, sculptor), stands on the Common in Lexington, Massachusetts.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Insignia, Distinctive Unit Insignia
The distinctive unit insignia is the shield and motto of the coat of arms.


140th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States), Insignia, Symbolism
Oriental blue and silver gray (white) are the colors associated with military intelligence. The sun represents the Greek god Helios who, according to mythology, could bring all secrets to light; surrounding a globe, it represents the unit's worldwide military intelligence mission. The lightning flashes suggest electronic warfare and communication capabilities. The sun and lightning flashes are gold and allude to California, the "Golden State," the unit's home area. The pyramid personifies longevity [ironically] and strength.


140th Mixed Brigade
The 140th Mixed Brigade was a unit of the Spanish Republican Army created during the Spanish Civil War. Throughout the war it operated on the fronts of Aragon, Segre, Ebro and Catalonia.


140th Mixed Brigade, History
The unit was created in May 1937, originally as a reserve force of the Eastern Army, although later it was integrated into the 32nd Division of the XI Army Corps. It was under the command of Humberto Gil Cabrera, with Manuel Tió Vila as chief of staff and with Luis Deltell Bernal as commissar. Once the brigade finished its training phase, the command passed to Rodolfo Bosch Pearson, but he ended up being replaced by Eusebio Sanz after Bosch was prosecuted for the execution of some militiamen from the POUM. Subsequently, the 140th Mixed Brigade was assigned to the 33rd Division in order to take part in the Battle of Brunete, although in the end the brigade remained located in Tarragona without taking part in the Brunete operations.


140th Mixed Brigade, History
In March 1938, after the start of the Aragon Offensive, it was assigned to the 24th Division and sent as reinforcement to the threatened sector; However, on March 11 the brigade withdrew from Pina until it reached Fraga, on the March 26. Some elements of the 140th Mixed Brigade participated in the defense of Lleida, but after the fall of the city they crossed the river and withdrew towards Llardecans. It was subjected to a reorganization, being added to the 44th Division.


140th Mixed Brigade, History
On September 13, the 140th Mixed Brigade was sent to the Ebro front, as a reinforcement of the republican forces in this sector. On September 19 it relieved the 227th Mixed Brigade in the area northwest of La Pobla de Massaluca, the position in which it remained until October 6 - when it was replaced by the XIII International Brigade. Unlike other Republican units, in this period the 140th Mixed Brigade did not participate in heavy fighting. Three days later, on October 9, it had to return to the battle front in the area of Venta de Camposines.


140th Mixed Brigade, History
On October 15 it had to withstand a strong enemy onslaught, although it maintained its positions at the cost of some casualties — notably the death of the chief of the 560th battalion, Vicente Sagarduy. On November 8, during the last nationalist counteroffensive, the 140th Mixed Brigade was encircled by its company of machine guns and by a company of the 559th Battalion, which resulted in serious casualties. Three days later, due to the withdrawal of the 226th Mixed Brigade, it suffered a new enemy encirclement that caused heavy losses to the unit; severely broken, on the November 13 it crossed the Ebro through the Flix area.


140th Mixed Brigade, History
Once again attached to the 44th Division, it was assigned to the Serós bridgehead sector. However, after the start of the Catalonia Offensive the brigade had to withdraw. By January 13, 1939 it was defending the Sierra de Prades, but after the fall of Tarragona it withdrew towards the French border.


140th New York Infantry Regiment
The 140th New York Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that was created on September 13, 1862 for the Union Army during the American Civil War. From January 1864 they wore a Zouave uniform.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Formation
On August 8, 1862 Captain Hiram Smith received authority to form the infantry regiment. The 140th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment was organized in Rochester, New York and mustered in for three years service on September 13, 1862.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Formation
During the American Civil War a Union Army regiment ideally comprised 10 infantry companies. Each company had 100 men for a full regimental strength of 1000 men. The 10 companies of the 140th New York Volunteer Regiment were all recruited from Rochester, New York and the surrounding towns and villages of Monroe County, New York.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Formation
A company breakdown with captain and source of volunteers is noted below:


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Formation
The 140th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment organized and drilled at Camp Fitz-John Porter on the western bank of the Genesee River in Rochester, NY. Camp Fitz-John Porter was also the mustering location for the 108th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and Mack's 18th New York Independent Artillery Battery.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1862, Washington DC Defense and Frericksburg
The 140th NY left Rochester by train on September 19, 1862 en route to Washington DC after brief stops in Auburn, NY and Elmira, NY for fitting out and supply. The regiment first served in the Provisional Brigade, Casey's Division in the defensive fortifications around Washington, DC.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1862, Washington DC Defense and Frericksburg
The 140th NY was then transferred to the XII Corps, 2nd Division, 2nd Brigade of the Army of the Potomac by October 1862.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1862, Washington DC Defense and Frericksburg
In November, 1862 the regiment was reassigned to the V Corps, 2nd Division, 3rd Brigade of the Army of the Potomac. From then on the 140th NY would remain with the V Corps of the Army of the Potomac and see action in, or be present in reserve at most of the major campaigns and engagements in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War until cessation of hostilities.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1862, Washington DC Defense and Frericksburg
The 140th NY first saw combat between December 12–15, 1862 at the Battle of Fredericksburg. After Fredericksburg, the regiment camped through December at Falmouth, VA.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1863, Chancelorville and Reinforcement
The regiment participated in the Chancellorsville Campaign (April 27-May 6, 1863) seeing limited action at the Battle of Chancellorsville (May 1–5). Losses at Chancellorsville were 21 total casualties (killed, wounded, missing or captured).


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1863, Chancelorville and Reinforcement
In June, 1863 the three years men of the 13th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment were transferred to the 140th NY to replace losses.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1863, The Battle of Gettysburg
The regiment participated in the Gettysburg Campaign of June 11-July 24. It would engage in its first heavy action of the war during the crucial battle for Little Round Top at the Battle of Gettysburg on July 2, 1863. General Gouverneur K. Warren was putting together a desperate improvised defense of Little Round Top, which was protecting the Union Army's left flank. General Warren intercepted the 140th New York as it marched on the north slope of Little Round Top en route to support Sickle's III Corps in the wheatfields.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1863, The Battle of Gettysburg
General Warren requested the 140th New York assist reinforcing Vincent's 16th Michigan Volunteer Infantry which was decimated and under heavy fire on the hill. O'Rorke and his men obliged. Contemparary accounts note that Colonel Patrick "Paddy" O'Rorke, led the way with sword drawn and shouting, “Down this way, boys!”. Without having time to load their weapons A Company and G Company filled in the right flank gap of the 5th Maine. O’Rorke shouted, “Here they are men, commence firing!”.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1863, The Battle of Gettysburg
The 140th New York charged over the hill pushing back the 4th Texas Infantry and 5th Texas Infantry Regiments of the Texas Brigade. Although the 140th New York was successful in assisting the defense of the Little Round Top, it cost the regiment 133 total casualties. Colonel O'Rorke was among the dead, having suffered multiple bullet hits. A marker commemorates the losses the 140th NY endured, including Col. O'Rorke, on Little Round Top at the Gettysburg battleground museum.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1863, The Battle of Gettysburg
"Col. O'Rorke was killed at Gettysburg while leading his men into action on Little Round Top, where their prompt action aided largely in seizing that important position - Colonel Fox."


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1863, Remainder of 1863
Following Gettysburg the 140th was present at the Bristoe Station Campaign, Second Battle of Rappahannock Station, and the Mine Run campaign to close out 1863, but were held in reserve or not involved in major action.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, Volunteers as Zouave
In January 1864 during winter camp at Beverly Ford, VA the regiment was outfitted as Zouaves. These flamboyant uniforms were patterned after elite French army units which had earned military glory in the 1850s, and they were awarded to the 140th NY in recognition of the regiment's seamless record.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, Volunteers as Zouave
In March 1864 the 140th NY was transferred to V Corps, 1st Division, 4th Brigade, Army of the Potomac. An additional transfer followed in April 1864 when the regiment joined the 5th Corps, 1st Division, 1st Brigade of the Army of the Potomac.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, The Overland Campaign
In March 1864 General Grant assumed command of all Federal forces and began the Overland Campaign, a relentless push through Virginia toward the Confederacy's capitol of Richmond, VA throughout that summer. The 140th New York participated in the Campaign from the Rapidan to the James Rivers. The course of this campaign included action in some of the most bloody and devastating battles of American Civil War including the Battle of the Wilderness, Battle of Spotsylvania Court House and Cold Harbor. In the 39 days between May 5 and June 2 the 140th would incur 384 total dead, wounded, missing or captured.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, The Overland Campaign
The heaviest losses the 140th New York would incur in a single battle were incurred during severe fighting in the Battle of the Wilderness between May 5–7, 1864. The 529 soldiers of the 140th NY led the opening of the battle with a charge across Saunders Field, and were among the first Union troops to engage the Confederacy in battle. The 140th took unsupported flank fire for over 30 minutes and sustained 255 total casualties. Estimates of exact losses are 50 enlisted men, and 3 officers killed in action or died of wounds sustained during battle. A further 98 enlisted and 3 officers injured. 101 total personnel were reported missing or captured. Captain Willard Abbott was counted among the wounded.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, The Overland Campaign
"The Regiment melted away like snow. Men disappeared as if the earth had swallowed them up." - Captain Porter Farley.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, The Overland Campaign
Just three days later (May 8, 1864) the 140th was involved in heavy combat during the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, participating in battle at Piney Branch Church, and Laurel Hill. The regiment suffered 60 additional casualties in total during the Battles of Spotsylvania Court House. Among the dead were Colonel George E. Ryan and Major Milo L. Starks, killed in battle at Laurel Hill


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, The Overland Campaign
Further Actions in May 1864 included the reserve duty at the Assault on the Salient, Battle of North Anna River, and light action at the Battle of Totopotomoy, where Captain William Grantsyne was injured.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, The Overland Campaign
Heavy action continued in The Battle of Cold Harbor (Bethesda Church), where the 140th New York sustained an additional 60 total casualties.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, The Overland Campaign
In June, 1864 the 140th New York was transferred to V Corps, 2nd Division, 1st Brigade during the Siege of Petersburg. The regiment participated in first assault during the siege of Petersburg sustaining 22 total casualties, including Captain Benjamin Harmon among the wounded.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, The Overland Campaign
Throughout the summer and fall of 1864 the 140th New York Regiment participated in Battle of Weldon Railroad and Poplar Spring Church, where Lt. Colonel Elswell Otis was injured.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1864, The Overland Campaign
Reinforcements arrived in October, 1864 as members of the 44th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, not mustered out or assigned to other regiments were transferred into the 140th New York.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1865
January 25, 1865 saw many officer promotions to fill the leadership ranks lost due to casualty from the 1864 campaign. Lieutenant Colonel Grantsyne was promoted to colonel, Major W. James Clark to lieutenant colonel and Captain Willard Abbott to major.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1865
Throughout 1865 the 140th New York was present or active in The Battle of Hatcher's Run, and participated in the Appomattox Campaign to close out the war.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, 1865
From May 1–12 the 140th New York marched to Washington DC, and participated in the Grand Review of May 23, 1865.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed Service, Mustering Out
On June 3, 1865 the 140th Regiment was mustered out near Alexandria, VA under the command of Colonel W.S. Grantsyne, and Lieutenant Colonel W. James Clark. The men not to be mustered out with the regiment were transferred to the 5th New York Veteran Infantry. It is estimated fewer than 245 of the original 1000 men called to arms as the 140th New York Volunteers of Monroe County, NY answered its final call to muster.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Total Casualties
Total war time enrollment for the 140th Regiment was 1,707 men. Available records vary but indicate that 736 men were casualties (killed, injured, missing or captured) due directly to combat. Among them 132 enlisted and 8 officers dead in action or of wounds sustained in action, 304 enlisted and 13 officers injured, and 275 enlisted and 7 officers missing or captured. Disease claimed an additional 168 enlisted and 2 officers. An estimated 77 men died as Confederate prisoners of war, many at Andersonville Prison.


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Leaders
Served as Assistant Adjutant General on the Staff of General Sykes V Corps prior to assignment to the 140th


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Leaders
Promoted from Captain Company H to Lt. Colonel on 11/15/1864 with rank as of 8/8/1864


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Leaders
Colonel of 140th New York during Grand Review and unmuster of 140th New York on 6/3/1865


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Leaders
Acting Colonel between Gettysburg and the appointment of Col. Ryan


140th New York Infantry Regiment, Leaders
Promoted from Captain Company A to Major with rank 11/17/1863 as of 8/15/1863


140th New York State Legislature
The 140th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 3 to October 2, 1917, during the third year of Charles S. Whitman's governorship, in Albany.


140th New York State Legislature, Background
Under the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1894, re-apportioned in 1906 and 1907, 51 Senators and 150 assemblymen were elected in single-seat districts; senators for a two-year term, assemblymen for a one-year term. The senatorial districts were made up of entire counties, except New York County (twelve districts), Kings County (eight districts), Erie County (three districts) and Monroe County (two districts). The Assembly districts were made up of contiguous area, all within the same county.


140th New York State Legislature, Background
At this time there were two major political parties: the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. The Socialist Party, the Prohibition Party, the Progressive Party, the Independence League, the Socialist Labor Party and the American Party also nominated tickets.


140th New York State Legislature, Elections
The New York state election, 1916, was held on November 7. Charles S. Whitman and Edward Schoeneck were re-elected Governor and Lieutenant Governor; both Republicans. The other eight statewide elective offices were also carried by Republicans. The approximate party strength at this election, as expressed by the vote for Governor, was: Republicans 836,000; Democrats 687,000; Socialists 63,000; Prohibition 22,000; Progressives 7,000; Independence League 5,000; Socialist Labor 4,000; and American 2,000.


140th New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for the regular session at the State Capitol in Albany on January 3, 1917; and adjourned on May 10.


140th New York State Legislature, Sessions
Elon R. Brown (R) was re-elected Temporary President of the State Senate.


140th New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature redistricted the Senate seats, and re-apportioned the number of assemblymen per county. Bronx County—which had been part of New York County at the time of the previous apportionment and occupied roughly the area of four Assembly districts—was properly separated, and was apportioned eight seats. New York County (without the Bronx) lost eight seats; and Erie, Jefferson and Ulster counties lost one seat each. Queens County gained two seats; and Broome, Nassau, Richmond, Schenectady and Westchester counties gained one seat each.


140th New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for a special session at the State Capitol in Albany on July 31, 1917. This session was called to enact food control legislation, which would regulate the seizure and shipping of food to the Allies in Europe, helping them with their war effort against Germany during World War I.


140th New York State Legislature, Sessions
On August 24, the Food Control Bill was passed by the Legislature. The bill established a three-member Food Control Commission. The Legislature took a recess until September 6.


140th New York State Legislature, Sessions
On September 7, the State Senate rejected the nomination of George Walbridge Perkins as Chairman of the Food Control Commission, and took a recess until September 25.


140th New York State Legislature, Sessions
On October 2, the State Senate rejected again the nomination of Perkins; and then confirmed the appointment of John Mitchell, Jacob Gould Schurman and Charles A. Wieting to the Food Control Commission. The Legislature then adjourned sine die.


140th New York State Legislature, State Senate, Members
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. Salvatore A. Cotillo, John Knight, Ross Graves and Leonard W. H. Gibbs changed from the Assembly to the Senate.


140th New York State Legislature, State Senate, Members
Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."


140th New York State Legislature, State Assembly
Note: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."


140th Ohio Infantry Regiment
The 140th Ohio Infantry Regiment, sometimes 140th Ohio Volunteer Infantry (or 140th OVI) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


140th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 140th Ohio Infantry was organized in Gallipolis, Ohio, and mustered in May 10, 1864, for 100 days service under the command of Colonel Robert B. Wilson.


140th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment left Ohio for Charleston, West Virginia, May 10. Assigned to duty as garrison at Charleston and on guard duty along the Kanawha and Gauley Rivers until September.


140th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 140th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service September 3, 1864, at Gallipolis.


140th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Ohio National Guard
Over 35,000 Ohio National Guardsmen were federalized and organized into regiments for 100 days service in May 1864. Shipped to the Eastern Theater, they were designed to be placed in "safe" rear areas to protect railroads and supply points, thereby freeing regular troops for Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant’s push on the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. As events transpired, many units found themselves in combat, stationed in the path of Confederate Gen. Jubal Early’s veteran Army of the Valley during its famed Valley Campaigns of 1864. Ohio Guard units met the battle-tested foe head on and helped blunt the Confederate offensive thereby saving Washington, D.C. from capture. Ohio National Guard units participated in the battles of Monacacy, Fort Stevens, Harpers Ferry, and in the siege of Petersburg.


140th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost 2 enlisted men during service, both due to disease.


140th Operations Group
The 140th Operations Group is a unit of the Colorado Air National Guard, stationed at Buckley Space Force Base, Aurora, Colorado. If activated to federal service, the group is gained by Air Combat Command of the United States Air Force.


140th Operations Group
The group's 120th Fighter Squadron was first organized as the World War I 120th Aero Squadron on 28 August 1917. It was reformed on 27 June 1923 as the 120th Observation Squadron, one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.


140th Operations Group
The group was activated as the 370th Fighter Group and served in the European Theater of World War II where it earned two Distinguished Unit Citations and was awarded the Belgian Fourragere after being cited twice in the Order of the Day of the Belgian Army.


140th Operations Group
In 1946 the group, now redesignated the 140th Fighter Group, was one of the original twenty-seven regular Army Air Forces groups allotted to the National Guard. Since 1950 the group has controlled the operational squadrons of the 140th Wing, except for the period 1974–1993, when the group was inactive.


140th Operations Group, Overview
The 140th flies F-16C/D/ Fighting Falcons (Air Combat Command) fighter and C-21 Learjet (Air Mobility Command) airlift missions. It also controls the 137th Space Warning Squadron (Air Force Space Command).


140th Operations Group, History, World War II
The unit was constituted as the 370th Fighter Group in May 1943, and activated on 1 July 1943 at Westover Field, Massachusetts. The original squadrons of the group were the 401st, 402d and 485th Fighter Squadrons.


140th Operations Group, History, World War II
The group trained with Republic P-47 Thunderbolts at several First Air Force bases in New England then was deployed to RAF Aldermaston England during January and February 1944. In Europe, it became an element of Ninth Air Force.


140th Operations Group, History, World War II
When the group arrived, the expected to receive Thunderbolts on which they had trained stateside. However, much to the amazement of the Group Commander, Colonel Howard F. Nichols, the 370th FG was informed by IX Fighter Command that it would be equipped with the Lockheed P-38 Lightning, a few of which had already arrived during the 18 days the group was in residence at Aldermaston. The latter base proved to be only a temporary station, as it was required for troop carrier operations; the 370th soon moved to RAF Andover.


140th Operations Group, History, World War II
From England, the group dive-bombed radar installations and flak towers, and escorted bombers that attacked bridges and marshalling yards in France as the Allies prepared for Operation Overlord, the invasion of the continent of Europe. The group provided cover for Allied forces that crossed the Channel on D-Day, and flew armed reconnaissance missions over the Cotentin Peninsula until the end of the month. On 17 July 1944, napalm incendiary bombs were dropped for the first time in war by 14 P-38 aircraft of the 402nd Fighter Squadron, led by 370th Group commander Col Nichols, on a fuel depot at Coutances, near St. Lô, France.


140th Operations Group, History, World War II
The group transferred to IX Tactical Air Command and moved the Advanced Landing Ground at Cardonville, France on 24 July to support the Allied ground advance across France and into Germany. The 370th's fighter-bombers hit hard. German Field Marshal von Kluge soon found that his armored forces moving towards Normandy were constantly beset by Allied fighter-bomber attacks. Von Kluge phoned General Walter Warlimont, Hitler's personal representative on the Western front, "The enemy air superiority is terrific and smothers almost every one of our movements... Every movement of the enemy is prepared and protected by its air force.


140th Operations Group, History, World War II
Losses in men and equipment are extraordinary." Von Kluge himself was not immune to personal danger. USAAF Group Commander Nichols and a squadron of his P-38 Lightnings blasted von Kluge's own headquarters; the group commander himself skipped a 500-pound bomb right through the front door. Moving across France, the 370th FG hit gun emplacements, troops, supply dumps, and tanks near Saint-Lô in July and in the Falaise–Argentan area in August 1944.


140th Operations Group, History, World War II
In September 1944, the group sent planes and pilots to England to provide cover for Operation Market-Garden, the allied airborne assault on the Netherlands and Germany. The P-38s of the group struck pillboxes and troops early in October to aid First Army's capture of Aachen, and afterward struck railroads, bridges, viaducts, and tunnels in that area.


140th Operations Group, History, World War II
The 370th received a Distinguished Unit Citation for a mission in support of ground forces in the Hurtgen Forest area on 2 December 1944 when, despite bad weather and barrages of antiaircraft and small-arms fire, the group dropped napalm bombs on a heavily defended position in Bergstein, setting fire to the village and inflicting heavy casualties on enemy troops defending the area. The 370th later flew armed reconnaissance during the Battle of the Bulge, attacking warehouses, highways, railroads, motor transports, and other targets.


140th Operations Group, History, World War II
The group converted to North American P-51 Mustangs during February – March 1945. It bombed bridges and docks in the vicinity of Wesel to prepare for the crossing of the Rhine, and patrolled the area as paratroops were dropped on the east bank on 24 March Supported operations of 2d Armored Division in the Ruhr Valley in April. The group flew its last mission, a sweep over Dessau and Wittenberg, on 4 May 1945.


140th Operations Group, History, World War II
The 370th FG returned to the United States during September–November 1945, and was inactivated on 7 November 1945.


140th Operations Group, History, Colorado Air National Guard
The 370th Fighter Group was redesignated the 140th Fighter Group, and was allotted to the National Guard on 24 May 1946. It was organized at Buckley Field, Colorado, and was extended federal recognition on 1 October 1946. The unit was the first Air National Guard group receiving federal recognition. The 140th Fighter Group assigned to the 86th Fighter Wing.


140th Operations Group, History, Colorado Air National Guard
The 140th Fighter Group consisted of the 120th Fighter Squadron at Buckley, the 187th Fighter Squadron at Cheyenne Municipal Airport, Wyoming and the 191st Fighter Squadron at Salt Lake City Municipal Airport. Utah. Because it was organized earlier than other National Guard groups, it also temporarily controlled the 127th Fighter Squadron at Wichita Municipal Airport, Kansas and the 173d Fighter Squadron at Lincoln Municipal Airport. Nebraska until the 132d and 137th Fighter Groups were organized in 1948. As part of the Continental Air Command Fourth Air Force, the unit trained for fighter-bomber missions and air-to-air combat. On 31 October 1950 the Air National Guard converted to the wing base organization and 86th Fighter Wing was inactivated, and 140th was assigned to the new 140th Fighter Wing, which assumed the personnel and mission of the 86th.


140th Operations Group, History, Colorado Air National Guard, Korean War activation
As a result of the Korean War, the 140th Fighter Wing was federalized and brought to active duty on 1 April 1951, including the 140th Fighter Group and subordinate units. The unit was ordered to the new Clovis Air Force Base, New Mexico, arriving in October 1951. The federalized 140th was a composite organization of activated Air National Guard units, composed of the 120th, 187th and 190th Fighter Squadrons. The 140th and its components were equipped with F-51D Mustangs, and were redesignated as Fighter-Bomber squadrons on 12 April 1951. The 140th returned to Air National Guard control in their respective states at the start of 1953.


140th Operations Group, History, Colorado Air National Guard, Cold War
Upon return to Colorado state control, the 140th was re-equipped with Lockheed F-80C Shooting Star jets. In 1955 the group's gaining command changed to Air Defense Command and it became the 140th Fighter-Interceptor Group, then the 140th Fighter Group (Air Defense). It converted to North American F-86 Sabres in 1958 and to F-86Ls armed with Mighty Mouse rockets and equipped with airborne intercept radar and data link for interception control through the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment system in 1960. The 140th was returned to Tactical Air Command in January 1961 and re-equipped with the North American F-100 Super Sabre supersonic tactical fighter.


140th Operations Group, History, Colorado Air National Guard, Cold War
On 26 January 1968, the group was federalized and its 120th Tactical Fighter Squadron was reassigned to the 35th Tactical Fighter Wing at Phan Rang AB, South Vietnam. 120th was released from active duty and returned to Colorado state control on 30 April 1969.


140th Operations Group, History, Colorado Air National Guard, Cold War
In 1974, the National Guard converted its operational wings to the dual deputy model. As a result, the group was inactivated and its squadrons reassigned directly to the wing.


140th Operations Group, History, Colorado Air National Guard, Modern era
Another reorganization of the National Guard, this time to the "Objective Wing" led to the group's reactivation in 1993 as the 140th Operations Group, equipped with General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcons. Since reactivation, the 140th has supported numerous deployments. Following the attacks on the United States on September, 11th 2001, the group's 120th Fighter Squadron assumed tasking to provide homeland defense as an integral part of Operation Noble Eagle.


140th Operations Group, References, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
The 140th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was a Union Army regiment in the American Civil War, serving in the Eastern Theater. Recruited in late 1862, it fought from the Battle of Chancellorsville through the war until the Army of Northern Virginia's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Its losses during the war were among the highest of any Union regiment.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, Organization
The regiment was recruited in Beaver, Greene, Mercer, and Washington counties, and formally mustered into service on September 8, 1862, at Camp Curtin, under the command of Col. Richard P. Roberts.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, Organization
The 140th was initially placed on duty guarding the North Central Railway near Parkton, Maryland, and remained there until being ordered to join the Army of the Potomac at Aquia Creek, Virginia, where they arrived on December 12. Here they were assigned to the 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, II Army Corps, under the command of Gen. Samuel K. Zook, and proceeded to go into winter quarters near Falmouth, Virginia.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, Organization
While in winter camp, on January 18, 1863, the regiment received Springfield rifle muskets, to replace their large and unwieldy Vincennes muskets. These were gratefully received by the men, as they had been subjected to continuous mockery by other soldiers with quips such as, “There goes the walking artillery” or, “Look at the twelve-pounders!”


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, Chancellorsville
On April 28, the 140th broke camp and marched with the II Corps around Gen. Robert E. Lee’s left flank, crossing the Rappahannock River at United States Ford and proceeding toward Chancellorsville, where it arrived on May 1 and took its place in the left center of Gen. Joseph Hooker’s line.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, Chancellorsville
Receiving orders on the evening of May 2 to report to Col. Nelson Miles, in charge of the 1st Division’s picket line, the men helped to beat back repeated Confederate assaults throughout the morning of May 3. Additionally, a part of the regiment assisted in bringing off the guns of Battery E, 5th Maine Light Artillery to avoid capture. With Hooker on the retreat, the 140th re-crossed the Rappahannock with the rest of Zook’s brigade on May 6 and returned to their old camp near Falmouth. Thus, the regiment had had its baptism by fire.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, Gettysburg and the remainder of 1863
With Lee now on the move and having crossed into Pennsylvania, the Union Army, now under the command of Gen. George Meade, marched there to stop him. On the morning of July 2 the 140th arrived south of the town of Gettysburg, with their 1st Division taking up a position on the left of the II Corps, adjoining the right end of Gen. Daniel Sickles’ III Corps. However, Sickles arbitrarily decided to move his troops out in front of the rest of the Union line, and was soon in trouble, being attacked by Confederates in the afternoon.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, Gettysburg and the remainder of 1863
Thus Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock dispatched the 1st Division to report to Gen. George Sykes to be placed in line of battle to assist Sickles, moving to the latter's left end. The 3rd Brigade, under Gen. Zook, who was mortally wounded, advanced on the right end of the division across The Wheatfield, with the 140th occupying the right flank of the brigade.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, Gettysburg and the remainder of 1863
They initially made progress in pushing back the Rebels, but with the onset of Confederate reinforcements and the subsequent collapse of the III Corps to their right, as well as the withdrawal of the division on the left, the brigade was compelled to retreat. Together with their brigade, the regiment occupied a position on the left center of the Union line for the remainder of the battle.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, Gettysburg and the remainder of 1863
At Gettysburg the 140th lost 37 officers and men, including Col. Roberts, 144 officers and men wounded, and 60 officers and men wounded, for a total of 241 Command of the regiment now devolved to Lt. Col John Fraser, who would be promoted to colonel dating from July 4, 1863.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, Gettysburg and the remainder of 1863
With Lee defeated at Gettysburg, the Union Army pursued him as he retreated back into Virginia. In September, the 1st Division was reorganized and the 140th was now assigned to the 1st Brigade, under the command of Col. Nelson Miles. For the remainder of 1863, the regiment was involved in a series of advances and retrograde movements in Northern Virginia with the II Corps, including limited involvement at the Battle of Bristoe Station on October 14, before finally settling into winter encampment.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, 1864
On May 3, 1864, the 140th broke camp and began their part in what would be known as Overland Campaign, under the command of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant. During the Battle of the Wilderness, the 1st Brigade occupied the extreme left flank of the Union line.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, 1864
For the first part of the Battle of Spotsylvania, the 1st Brigade occupied the extreme right of the Union line. After being detached for a brief reconnaissance to Todd’s Tavern, the 140th rejoined the brigade in its slide to the east, closer to the left end of the Union line. There, early on the morning of May 12 they took part in the massive assault on the part of the Confederate line known as the “Mule Shoe.”


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, 1864
The men had to pick their way through trees felled to form an abatis before making their way up to the Mule Shoe, where they managed to dislodge the Rebels from their first line, but were unable to proceed further, having to settle into the works just captured. On May 15 the 1st Division was ordered to the rear and occupied this position until the 21st, when they joined Grant’s next flank movement to the east toward North Anna River. The movement to and actions at Spotsylvania cost the regiment 41 men killed, 125 officers and men wounded, and 10 men missing, for a total of 176.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, 1864
The regiment next moved with the II Corps toward the North Anna River, and was involved in skirmishing there May 23–25 at the Battle of North Anna. Grant finding that Lee’s forces were too strongly entrenched there for a major assault, he ordered yet another eastward movement, this time in the direction of Cold Harbor. At the Battle of Cold Harbor the 1st Brigade occupied the left of the Union line, making contact with the Confederates on June 2,  and driving their line back for a period before being counterattacked in turn and forced to give ground themselves.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, 1864
On June 3, the regiment was held in support of pickets on the left while the rest of the Union assault occurred to the north. Having advanced their position and entrenching on June 6, they remained in this position until the 12th. Their losses in the movement to Cold Harbor and the subsequent battle there were 10 officers and men killed, 24 men wounded, and 10 men missing.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, 1864, Petersburg
Grant again uprooted his army, and the II Corps now crossed the James River and advanced on Petersburg. On June 16 the 1st Division joined in an attack on the Confederate entrenchments outside the city, but this would prove to be the beginning of a long siege that would last until April 2, 1865. During this period, the 140th was involved in various movements and smaller battles which comprised the overall siege, including Ream's Station on August 25, and Hatcher's Run February 5–7, 1865.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, End of the War in Eastern Theater
With the Union Army’s breakthrough of the Confederate line on April 2, the 140th now joined in the final pursuit of the remnants of Lee’s troops, which would include the Battle of Sayler's Creek and their final battle at Farmville on April 7. Lee would finally surrender to Grant on April 9, thus bringing the war to a close in this theater.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History, End of the War in Eastern Theater
The regiment took its place in the Grand Review of the Armies in Washington, D.C. and was then formally mustered out of service on May 31.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Losses
Over the course of the war, the 140th Pennsylvania had 1132 officers and men enrolled in its ranks. Of these, 198 were killed or mortally wounded, or 17.4 percent, among the highest rates of any Union regiment in the Civil War. An additional 128 died of disease, for a total of 326, or 28.8%.


140th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Re-enactors
Currently there is a reenactment group, the 140th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, Co. A, based in Greene County, Pennsylvania.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)
The 140th Rifle Division was a Red Army rifle division that saw service during the Great Patriotic War. Originally formed during the prewar buildup of the Red Army, the 140th might be regarded as the unluckiest division in the Army, as it, uniquely, had to be completely, or almost completely, re-formed three times between 1941 and 1943, being destroyed in the Uman pocket during Operation Barbarossa, the Vyasma pocket during Operation Typhoon, and on the Caucasian steppes in the face of the German summer offensive of 1942. In spite of this, the fourth formation of the 140th went on to have a very distinguished record in combat, a testament to the resiliency of the Red Army in World War II.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 1st Formation
The division was first organized on August 16, 1939, at Uman in the Ukrainian (later: Kiev Special) Military District. Col. Luka Gerasimovich Basanets was appointed to command the division on the same day, and he would lead it through its entire 1st formation. On June 22, 1941, it was still in that District, and had the following order of battle:


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 1st Formation
When the German invasion began, the 140th was assigned to the 36th Rifle Corps in Kiev Military District (Southwestern Front) reserves, and by June 27 it was in 6th Army, facing elements of the German XXXIV Army Corps north of Khmilnyk. On June 29 the Front commander, Col. Gen. M. P. Kirponos, criticized the performance of 36th Corps, stating in part:


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 1st Formation
When fired upon in combat, subunits lacking materiel support do not advance, and block up the rear areas and roads... [ There are] instances of panic (140th and 146th Rifle Divisions) when, even without seeing the enemy or seeing an insignificant number of the enemy, subunits run to the rear, casting away everything in their path, and subunit and unit commanders fail to undertake required measures to restore order.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 1st Formation
By late July the division was in 49th Rifle Corps, still in 6th Army, near Monastyryshche, but was later relocated to Southern Front. In early August the division was trapped in the encirclement at Uman, and was destroyed by the middle of the month. The division number was finally deleted from the Soviet order of battle on September 19.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 2nd Formation
On July 2 the 13th Moscow Militia Division began forming in the Rostokino District of Moscow. Its order of battle was as follows:


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 2nd Formation
By July 6 the division had 11,000 personnel assigned, including 1,000 members of the Communist Party and 700 Komsomols. Three days later the division had 13,000 personnel, but some were reassigned to other militia divisions to complete their establishments, so when the division left Moscow on July 15 it had 8,010 in the ranks, but little or no heavy equipment, motorized transport, or radios.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 2nd Formation
The division was assigned to 32nd Army at Mozhaisk by July 19 and remained in the Reserve of the Supreme High Command in that Army until it was re-designated on September 26 as the new 140th Rifle Division with:


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 2nd Formation
On the same day Col. Pavel Yefremovich Morozov was appointed to command, where he would continue through the 2nd formation. Since 32nd Army was in the second echelon of the forces defending Moscow it was not in the immediate front lines, but was nevertheless pocketed during Operation Typhoon just west of Vyasma by October 7. In the end the 140th was one of five divisions based on Moscow militia divisions that were encircled and destroyed in this offensive, although it was not officially disbanded until December 27. Owing to the division's position at the eastern extension of the pocket, enough personnel escaped from the encirclement to make a cadre for the next formation of the division.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 3rd Formation
The third formation of the 140th Rifle Division began in late December, based on escaped elements of the previous formation. The order of battle reverted to that of the first formation, except the howitzer regiment was no longer present, and the 309th was now a standard artillery regiment. Maj. Gen. Ivan Andreevich Kopyak was appointed divisional commander on January 29, 1942, and the unit remained in the Moscow Military District until May.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 3rd Formation
In late May the 140th was transferred to the 24th Army in the Reserve of the Supreme High Command and sent south. 24th Army arrived in Southern Front just at the opening of the German summer offensive, Operation Blue, in June. In early July the division was transferred to the reserves of 9th Army. Retreating across the open steppes with the First Panzer Army in pursuit, the 140th was caught up in the encirclement south of Millerovo and effectively destroyed by the third week of July. It is listed as "reorganizing" in the Caucasus Region on August 1, and as of August 7 General Kopyak was listed as "missing in action, presumed killed in action". The attempt to reform was abandoned and the division was officially disbanded on August 19.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 4th Formation
The fourth formation of the division began on November 1, 1942, using personnel from the NKVD, at Novosibirsk in the Siberian Military District. Its first commander, Maj. Gen. Mikhail Yenshin, was appointed the same day. It consisted of:


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 4th Formation
The NKVD began forming the division, and three others, to serve as NKVD rifle divisions prior to being authorized by the Commissar of Defense on December 7. The division was passed to Red Army control as the 140th in February, 1943. At that time it had 8,685 officers and men assigned, 69 percent of whom were under 30 years of age, quite a youthful cadre for a late-war division. They were also noted as being 50 percent Russian nationality, 15 percent Ukrainian, and the remaining 35 percent mixed non-Slavic.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 4th Formation
Officially these men were drawn from internal troops and border guards of the NKVD. As the Siberian Military District had no external borders, it's likely that some were taken from guards of the GULAG and other sources that were off-limits to the Red Army. On March 19, General Yenshin handed the command over to Col. Zinovii Samoilovich Shekhtman, who would, in turn, hand command to Maj. Gen. Aleksandr Yakovlevich Kiselyov on May 11.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 4th Formation
As with the other NKVD divisions, the 140th was assigned to the 70th Army in the Central Front. During the Battle of Kursk the 70th Army fought on the left flank of the 2nd Tank Army and played a role in stopping the German 9th Army that was trying to break through to Kursk from the north. On July 7, the third day of the battle, elements of the division were holding the village of Samodurovka.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 4th Formation
From there they were conducting long-range anti-tank fire against the flank of a battlegroup from 2nd Panzer Division advancing on the key objective of Olkhovatka. The battlegroup commander, Col. Arnold Burmeister, diverted some of his armor, including Tigers, towards this threat, and drove the Soviet forces from the village, destroying a supporting company of T-34s in the process. Lacking infantry, Burmeister chose to leave Samodurovka vacant, and it was reoccupied by Soviet troops overnight.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 4th Formation
The next day, the fresh 4th Panzer Division was committed, retaking Samodurovka before beginning to advance on Teploye, which was held in strength by the 140th, backed by the 3rd Anti-Tank Brigade and the 79th Tank Brigade from the 19th Tank Corps. One battalion of the division was overrun and the German forces occupied part of the town before running into a "wall of fire" from dug-in tanks and anti-tank guns. The stand of the 140th at Teploye, along with that of the 307th Rifle Division at Ponyri, proved to be the high-water marks of 9th Army's advance.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 4th Formation
During the subsequent Red Army counteroffensive, the 70th Army took part in Operation Kutuzov and attacked Trosna to the south of the town of Kromy. On August 5, its units reached the region southwest of Kromy, and on the 17th they reached the German "Hagen" defense line near Domakha.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance
Later that month the division was moved to the 19th Rifle Corps of the 65th Army, and participated in the advance towards the Dnepr River over the following weeks. On September 16 it assisted in liberating the town of Novgorod-Severski and was given the name of that town as its divisional honorific:


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance
"NOVGOROD-SEVERSKI... 140th Rifle Division (Maj. Gen. Kiselyov, Aleksandr Yakovlevich)... The troops who forced the Desna River, and those who participated in the liberation of Novgorod-Seversky, by order of the Supreme High Command on September 16, 1943, and a commendation in Moscow, are given a salute of 12 artillery salvoes from 124 guns.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance
This was in addition to the title Siberian, which it had carried since its fourth formation.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance, Battles for Belarus
By October 1, 19th Corps had reached the Sozh River, on the right flank of 65th Army south of the Iput River, and one division of the Corps, the 354th, had already taken a small bridgehead over the Sozh. Lt . Gen. Pavel Batov, commander of 65th Army, planned an advance from this bridgehead by 19th Corps in the direction of Gomel, once it was reinforced by the 140th and the 37th Guards Rifle Divisions.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance, Battles for Belarus
The attack by the three divisions began on October 1, fanning out to capture the villages of Noyve and Starye Diatlovichi from the German 6th Infantry Division. By late on the next day the bridgehead had been expanded to a depth of 4 km in heavy fighting, but Batov's commitment of 19th Corps' final division, the 162nd, was not sufficient to counter the reserves brought in by German 2nd Army, and the advance stalled before the key town of Zherebnaia, guarding the southwestern approach to Gomel. This ended the first attempt on that city.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance, Battles for Belarus
From October 27 to November 9, Belorussian (the renamed Central) Front carried out a major regrouping as 65th Army was redeployed southwards to a large bridgehead over the Sozh south of the junction of the Dnepr and the Sozh at Loev. When the Gomel-Rechitsa Offensive began on November 10, 19th Corps was in the center of its Army, with the 140th in second echelon. The Corps' mission was to penetrate the enemy defenses between Gancharov Podel and Budishche 5 km deep, allowing the Army's mobile groups to exploit a breakthrough.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance, Battles for Belarus
Within three days the attacking Soviet forces had torn a 15 km wide and 8 – 12 km deep gap in the German defenses. 19th and 27th Rifle Corps created the penetration that allowed 1st Guards Tank and 7th Guards Cavalry Corps to break into the enemy rear. By November 15, all German communications between Kalinkovichi and Rechitsa were cut, rendering their positions in the latter city untenable. After briefly contesting the western outskirts of Rechitsa, 19th Corps was ordered to bypass and continue marching north towards Parichi, some 80 km on. Early on November 20 the 37th Guards, flanked by the 140th and 162nd, reached the Berezina River near Gorval, and the guardsmen took a small bridgehead on the east bank; on the same day Rechitsa fell to units of 48th Army.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance, Battles for Belarus
The 65th Army continued its advance on November 22, while fresh attacks by other elements of Belorussian Front turned the German position at Gomel into a "great, sagging, tactically useless bulge", and Hitler finally authorized its evacuation on the 24th. In this same period the 140th was transferred to 18th Rifle Corps, still in 65th Army. Batov's intention now was to advance westward towards Kalinkovichi, but the arrival of 5th Panzer Division stabilized the German front, and the offensive was halted within days. By the end of the month the 140th was depleted to the point that it went into Belorussian Front reserves for rebuilding.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance, Battles for Ukraine and Czechoslovakia
The STAVKA sent orders to General Rokossovsky on December 9 to transfer six rifle divisions, including the 140th, to 1st Ukrainian Front. On December 13 the division was assigned to the 13th Army in that Front. By the turn of the year it was back in the front line, and on January 3, 1944, liberated the town of Novograd-Volynskiy, for which it received its first Order of the Red Banner. In February the division was transferred to the 28th Rifle Corps of the 60th Army of the same Front.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance, Battles for Ukraine and Czechoslovakia
It was awarded its second Order of the Red Banner on March 19 for its role in the liberation of Starokostiantyniv and several other towns in the area. In July the 140th was reassigned to the 38th Army, and remained in this Army for the duration of the war. On August 10 the division was awarded the Order of Lenin for "exemplary fulfillment of command tasks" and its "valor and courage" in the liberation of Lvov, an unusual distinction for a regular rifle division.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance, Battles for Ukraine and Czechoslovakia
The 38th Army moved to the 4th Ukrainian Front in November, and the 140th remained in this Front for the duration, although it was bounced from one rifle corps to another during this time. Along with its Army, the division fought through the Carpathian Mountains and eastern Czechoslovakia during the winter and spring of 1945. During this operation the division commander, General Kiselyov, was killed in a German airstrike on January 24 while successfully directing the penetration of the strong German lines south of the Polish city of Iaslo.


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance, Battles for Ukraine and Czechoslovakia
He was awarded the Gold Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union, posthumously, on May 23, 1945. Col. Ivan Fyodorovich Koslov held command for a week until Col. Mikhail Markovich Vlasov took command of the division on January 31; he had been named as a Hero of the Soviet Union in October, 1943, while leading the 106th Rifle Division across the Dnepr, and would hold this command for the duration. At the end of the war, the 140th was near Prague, in the 101st Rifle Corps. The division ended the war with the full title of 140th Rifle, Siberian, Novgorod-Severski, Order of Lenin, twice Order of the Red Banner, Order of Suvorov, Order of Kutuzov Division. [ Russian: Сибирская Новгород-Северская ордена Ленина, дважды Краснознамённая, орденов Суворова и Кутузова.]


140th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Postwar
The 38th Army was moved back into the short-lived Lvov Military District by 1946, and the 101st Rifle Corps headquarters was established at Kolomyia. 140th Rifle Division is listed by Feskov et al. 2013, soon after the war, with the Military Unit No. (V/Ch) 28278 with headquarters seemingly located at Kalush. The division and its parent corps were both disbanded in 1946.


140th Street station (IRT Ninth Avenue Line)
140th Street was a local station on the demolished IRT Ninth Avenue Line in Manhattan, New York City. It had two levels. The lower level was built first and had two tracks and two side platforms and served local trains. The upper level was built as part of the Dual Contracts and had one track that served express trains that bypassed this station.


140th Street station (IRT Ninth Avenue Line), History
This station opened on September 17, 1879 and closed on June 11, 1940.


140th Street station (MVTA)
The 140th Street Station is a bus rapid transit station along Cedar Avenue in Apple Valley, Minnesota. It serves the METRO Red Line, operated by the Minnesota Valley Transit Authority.


140th Wing
The 140th Wing (140 WG) is a unit of the Colorado Air National Guard, stationed at Buckley Space Force Base, Aurora, Colorado. If activated to federal service, the Wing is gained by the United States Air Force Air Combat Command.


140th Wing
The 140th Wing flies F-16C/D/ Falcons and C-21 Learjet. It also carries out 137th Space Warning Squadron (Air Force Space Command) and Civil Engineering (Pacific Air Forces) missions. It has over 1200 personnel.


140th Wing
The 120th Fighter Squadron assigned to the Wings 140th Operations Group, is a descendant organization of the World War I 120th Aero Squadron, established on 28 August 1917. It was reformed on 27 June 1923, as the 120th Observation Squadron, one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.


140th Wing, History
The wartime 370th Fighter Group was re-activated and re-designated as the 140th Fighter Group, and was allotted to the Colorado Air National Guard on 24 May 1946. It was organized at Buckley Field, Colorado, and was extended federal recognition on 1 October 1946 by the National Guard Bureau. The unit was the first Air National Guard group receiving federal recognition. The 140th Fighter Group was entitled to the history, honors, and colors of the 370th Fighter Group. It was assigned to the 86th Fighter Wing.


140th Wing, History
During August of '51 they deployed 20 P-51D aircraft and supporting personnel to Wilmington, North Carolina on Operation Southern Pine. It was one of the largest exercises of the era which involved 100,000 troops and over 400 aircraft to defend North and South Carolina from a mock Soviet invasion.


140th Wing, History
The 140th Fighter Group consisted of the 120th Fighter Squadron at Buckley Field. As part of the Continental Air Command Fourth Air Force, the unit trained for tactical fighter missions and air-to-air combat. On 31 October 1950 the 86th Fighter Wing was inactivated, and the 140th was changed in status to a Wing, taking over the personnel and mission of the 86th.


140th Wing, History, Korean War activation
As a result of the Korean War, the 140th Fighter Wing was federalized and brought to active duty on 1 April 1951. The unit was ordered to the new Clovis Air Force Base, New Mexico, which arrived in October 1951. The federalized 140th was a composite organization of activated Air National Guard units, composed of the 120th, the 187th Fighter Squadron (Wyoming ANG) and the 190th Fighter Squadron (Utah ANG). The 140th and its components were equipped with F-51D Mustangs, and were re-designated as Fighter-Bomber squadrons on 12 April 1951.


140th Wing, History, Korean War activation
During their period of federal service, many pilots were sent to Japan and South Korea to reinforce active-duty units. Three hundred and seventy five (375) airmen of the 140th FBW volunteered to take part in the tactical phase of the Charlie Shot of Operation Tumbler-Snapper which was a nuclear bomb test in Nevada. On 22 April 1952, they were among the first troops to go to ground zero an hour after the detonation to simulate an attack. It was also the first time the media was allowed to witness a nuclear test and it was the first event ever to be televised nationally. On 15 November 1952, the elements of the 140th returned to Air National Guard control in their respective states.


140th Wing, History, Cold War
Upon return to Colorado state control, the 140th was re-equipped by Tactical Air Command with F-80C Shooting Star jets. On 1 July 1955, the Wing was redesignated as the 140th Fighter-Interceptor Wing, being assigned to the 34th Air Division, Air Defense Command.


140th Wing, History, Cold War
In 1958, the 140th FIW implemented the ADC Runway Alert Program, in which interceptors of the 120th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron were committed to a five-minute runway alert. In 1960 the F-86s were again replaced by the F-86L Sabre Interceptor, a day/night/all-weather aircraft designed to be integrated into the ADC SAGE interceptor direction and control system.


140th Wing, History, Tactical Air Command/Vietnam War
The 140th was transferred back to Tactical Air Command in January 1961, being equipped with the F-100 Super Sabre supersonic tactical fighter-bomber. During the 1961 Berlin Crisis and the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, the Wing was placed on Alert by Tactical Air Command, however the aircraft and personnel of the wing stayed in place at Buckley Air Force Base, and were not deployed. The 140th deployed to Incirlik, Turkey, for 15 days in 1967, to take part in a NATO exercise called "Deep Furrow".


140th Wing, History, Tactical Air Command/Vietnam War
On 26 January 1968, the 140th Tactical Fighter Wing was federalized and taken under the jurisdiction of Twelfth Air Force, Tactical Air Command. The Wing's 120th TFS was reassigned to the 35th Tactical Fighter Wing, its aircraft/personnel/equipment being reassigned to Phan Rang AB, South Vietnam. As was the practice during the Vietnam Era, most of the wing's personnel were also sent to various Tactical Air Command units, either in the United States or deployed to units in Pacific Air Forces or USAFE. The Wing, stripped of its assets, was placed in a Non-Operational status by HQ TAC.


140th Wing, History, Tactical Air Command/Vietnam War
With the end of its federalized service, the Wing, the 120th TFS and its personnel were released from active duty and returned to Colorado state control on 30 April 1969. With its return to Buckley, the wing was returned to Operational Status. The 120th TFS F-100Cs returned to Buckley, however with the withdraw of the F-100Ds from South Vietnam in 1971, the squadrons were upgraded with the newer model from the Vietnam Veteran aircraft returning.


140th Wing, History, Tactical Air Command/Vietnam War
In 1974, the Wing began receiving A-7D Corsair II ground attack aircraft from active duty U.S. Air Force wings as part of their transition to the A-10 Thunderbolt II. Then in 1975, new A-7Ds were received as the result of Congressional funding to the DOD FY 1975 and FY 1976 budgets for the procurement of additional A-7Ds, primarily to keep the LTV production line in Dallas open and the workers employed in the wake of post-Vietnam DOD procurement reductions. As a result of these unplanned acquisitions, the Air Force assigned these new 1975 and 1976 built aircraft in the mid-1970s. Then the wing relieved some new twin seat A-7Ks trainers in 1983.


140th Wing, History, Tactical Air Command/Vietnam War
The 140th deployed in 1977 to Gilze-Rijen AB, Netherlands, to participate in exercise Coronet Ante, with A-7D Corsair. This was the first time a U.S. Air Force or National Guard unit had deployed to a Dutch-owned and operated base. In September and October 1979, the unit deployed to Merzilon AB, Turkey, as part of Exercise Coronet Rider. The unit deployed its entire squadron of 24 aircraft for 30 days. This was the first time any Air National Guard unit had deployed under "bare base" conditions in which only a runway and water supply were provided.


140th Wing, History, Tactical Air Command/Vietnam War
Under the Coronet Cove program, the 140th deployed to the Republic of Panama 11 times to support the defense of the Canal Zone as provided under the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977. The first such deployment took place in December 1978 and the last deployment ended in February 1989.


140th Wing, History, Tactical Air Command/Vietnam War
The A-7Ds were flown to victory as the "World Champions" in the inaugural "Gunsmoke" competition held at Nellis Air Force Base in 1981.


140th Wing, History, Modern era
The A-7Ds were operated until March 1992 when the Wing converted to Block 30 F-16C/Ds Fighting Falcons, and the Corsairs were retired to Davis-Monthan AFB.


140th Wing, History, Modern era
With the conversion to the F-16 in September 1991, the 140th Wing had deployed to the Republic of Korea; the CommonWealth of Australia in March 1995; to Incirlik, Turkey, for Operation Provide Comfort II in April 1995; to Al Jaber AB, Kuwait, for Operation Southern Watch in June 1996; to Karup, Denmark, for NATO exercise Coronet Blade in August 1997 (with mini-deployments to Germany to fly with German MiG-29s and to the Republic of Slovenia for state-to-state partnership); and again to Al Jaber AB, Kuwait for Operation Southern Watch in January 1998. The unit deployed again to Incirlik, Turkey, in 2000 for Operation Northern Watch.


140th Wing, History, Modern era
The 140th WG transferred financial and operational responsibility for Buckley ANGB to US Air Force Space Command in October 2000. The major reason for the change in responsibilities for providing base operating support and quality of life services from the Colorado Air National Guard to the active-duty Air Force is the growing presence of active-duty personnel at Buckley. Becoming an active duty base, Buckley ANGB was renamed Buckley AFB.


140th Wing, History, Modern era
Following the attacks on the United States on September, 11th 2001, the 140th FS assumed tasking to provide homeland defense as an integral part of Operation Noble Eagle.


140th Wing, History, Modern era
In its 2005 BRAC Recommendations, DoD recommended to realign Springfield-Beckley Municipal Airport AGS, OH. It would distribute the 178th Fighter Wing's F-16 aircraft to the 140th Wing (ANG), Buckley AFB, CO (three aircraft) and two other installations. DoD claimed that it made this recommendation because Buckley (64) had higher military value than Springfield-Beckley (128) and Buckley had a role in the Homeland Defense mission.


140th Wing, History, Units circa 2019
The 140th Wing is a composite organization, composed of diverse units.


140th Wing, References, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


140th meridian east
The meridian 140° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, Australasia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


140th meridian east
The 140th meridian east forms a great circle with the 40th meridian west.


140th meridian east, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 140th meridian east passes through:


140th meridian west
The meridian 140° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


140th meridian west
The line is the divider in the area of warning responsibility between the National Hurricane Center and the Central Pacific Hurricane Center in the north Pacific Ocean.


140th meridian west
The 140th meridian west forms a great circle with the 40th meridian east.


140th meridian west, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 140th meridian west passes through:


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich
140–142 Hospital Street, sometimes known as Hospital House, is a substantial townhouse in Nantwich, Cheshire, England, located on the south side of Hospital Street (at ). The building is listed at grade II. It was built in the late 16th century by John Crewe, a tanner, whose sons Randolph and Thomas both served as the Speaker of the House of Commons. The original timber-framed, close-studded façade has been concealed by alterations during the late 17th century; these include the addition of small-paned casement windows, some of which contain old heraldic stained glass. The building was further altered and extended in the 18th century, with the addition of two Gothic-style entrances. Later occupants include the architect, Thomas Bower, and the building remains in residential use.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich
The present building is believed to stand on the site of the medieval Hospital of St Nicholas, which gives Hospital Street its name. Stone remains discovered in the garden have been associated with the hospital.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, Hospital of St Nicholas
Historian James Hall tentatively identifies the existing building as standing on the site of the medieval Hospital of St Nicholas, which was established at the end of Hospital Street and gives the street its name. Founded by William Malbank, the first baron of Nantwich, in 1083–84, the hospice was a religious house which accommodated sick or infirm travellers and gave alms to the poor.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, Hospital of St Nicholas
It was dissolved in 1548; on 11 November of the following year, Edward VI granted "a House and manse formerly called the Chapel of St. Nicholas", together with associated land and property, to Sir Thomas Bromley of Nantwich, a justice of the King's Bench. By 1569, Bromley had sold it to Richard Wright. The original site of the Wright's Almshouses, built in 1638, was on part of the former hospice's land.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, History of present building
The present building dates originally from the late 16th century, and was built by John Crewe (c. 1524–98), who is said to have been a tanner. The Crewes claimed descent from the de Crewe family, who owned the manor of Crewe (now Crewe Green) in the 13th century. John Crewe married Alice Mainwaring, daughter of Hugh or Humphrey Mainwaring, and the house was probably built after their marriage. The Mainwarings were one of the prominent gentry families in Nantwich, having owned land there since the 14th century, and were also involved in the salt-making industry.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, History of present building
John Crewe was the landlord of the property on Waterlode where the 1583 fire started "through negligence of undiscreet persons brewing", which destroyed much of the centre of the town, but spared the end of Hospital Street. Two of the couple's sons achieved national prominence in the legal profession and parliament. Randolph Crewe became a judge, member of parliament (MP), parliamentary Speaker and, briefly, Lord Chief Justice; he made a fortune from a successful practice in chancery and other London courts, and built the Jacobean mansion, Crewe Hall, in nearby Crewe Green.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, History of present building
Thomas Crewe also became a lawyer, MP and Speaker. John Crewe died in 1598 and was buried in Nantwich. A carved marble memorial in St Mary's Church described him as "Johannes Crewe ex antiquâ familiâ de Crewe oriundus, vir pius" ("John Crewe descended from the ancient family of Crewe, a pious man"); it was removed in 1729.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, History of present building
In the 1650s, "ye Hospitall howse" or "St Nicholas Hospitall" was owned by the Wilbraham family; it was leased in 1655 to William Jackson, a tanner. Jackson kept a tannery at the end of Hospital Street, possibly on the site now known as the "old tanyard"; this might have earlier been John Crewe's tannery. Subsequent inhabitants of the house include the Goldsmith family (early 18th century) and the Caldwell family, later of Linley Hall, Talke, Staffordshire (late 18th century).


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, History of present building
The last of the Caldwell family is identified by Hall as the Scot described in Joseph Priestley's journal: "In my congregation there was (outside of the house in which I was boarded) hardly more than one family in which I could spend a leisure hour with much satisfaction, and that was Mr. James Caldwell's, a Scotchman." In 1883, the occupier was the architect, Thomas Bower, who built offices at the east end of the house. In the course of these alterations, stone remains were discovered in the garden, which Bower identified as being part of a Norman doorway, perhaps part of the original Hospital of St Nicholas.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, Description
140–142 Hospital Street is one of a group of houses dating from the 15th and 16th centuries at the end of Hospital Street, which include Churche's Mansion, number 116 and The Rookery (number 125). It is a timber-framed building with a predominantly rendered finish under a tiled roof. It has three bays to the main front face and two storeys with attics. An 18th-century extension on the east (left) side is in painted brick and faces onto a passageway; the rear of the building also dates from the 18th century.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, Description
The upper storey overhangs to form a continuous jetty along the front façade. A common urban design, this was an unusual layout for a Nantwich mansion; other examples had a central hall with flanking wings as, for example, at Churche's Mansion, a few houses up the street. The Hospital Street face was originally close studded, that is, decorated with closely spaced upright timbers, as at the Crown Hotel on the High Street. The timbering was covered in the late 17th century, giving the building its current 17th-century appearance.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, Description
The main entrance, in the Gothic style, dates from the late 18th century. Stone steps lead to the door, which is headed by an ogee-arched moulding, with paired quatrefoil decorations above surmounted by a cornice. Nikolaus Pevsner describes the entrance as "pretty". This entrance is flanked by 17th-century casement windows; there are three casement windows on the first floor and three gabled dormer windows with casements, dating from the late 17th century. All the casements have a lattice of small panes, headed by a circular pattern. The three first-floor casements contain old stained glass displaying the Crewe and Mainwaring coats of arms. The main section of the house also has four sash windows to the ground floor, dating from the late 18th century.


140–142 Hospital Street, Nantwich, Description
The 18th-century east bay has another Gothic-style entrance on the east face, which duplicates the main entrance. It has sash windows to the ground and first floors, on both the Hospital Street and east faces.


141 (number)
141 (one hundred [and] forty-one) is the natural number following 140 and preceding 142.


141 BC
Year 141 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caepio and Pompeius (or, less frequently, year 613 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 141 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


141 Lumen
Lumen (minor planet designation: 141 Lumen) is a carbonaceous asteroid from the intermediate asteroid belt, approximately 130 kilometers in diameter. It is an identified Eunomian interloper.


141 Lumen, Description
It was discovered on January 13, 1875, by the brothers Paul Henry and Prosper Henry, but Paul is the one who was given the credit for this discovery. It is named for Lumen: Récits de l'infini, a book by the astronomer Camille Flammarion.


141 Lumen, Description
Richard Binzel and Schelte Bus further added to the knowledge about this asteroid in a light-curve survey published in 2003. This project was known as Small Main-belt Asteroid Spectroscopic Survey, Phase II or SMASSII, which built on a previous survey of the main-belt asteroids. The visible-wavelength (0.435–0.925 micrometre) spectra data was gathered between August 1993 and March 1999.


141 Lumen, Description
Lightcurve data has also been recorded by observers at the Antelope Hill Observatory, which has been designated as an official observatory by the Minor Planet Center.


141 Lycia earthquake
The 141 Lycia earthquake occurred in the period AD 141 to 142. It affected most of the Roman provinces of Lycia and Caria and the islands of Rhodes, Kos, Simi and Serifos. It triggered a severe tsunami which caused major inundation. The epicenter for this earthquake is not well constrained, with locations suggested at the northern end of Rhodes, on the Turkish mainland north of Rhodes near Marmaris and beneath the sea to the east of Rhodes.


141 Mayflower Street
141 Mayflower Street in the Larimer neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was built circa 1885. It was added to the List of City of Pittsburgh historic designations in June 1999.


141 Minutes from the Unfinished Sentence
141 Minutes from the Unfinished Sentence (Hungarian: 141 perc A befejezetlen mondatból) is a 1975 Hungarian drama film directed by Zoltán Fábri. It was entered into the 9th Moscow International Film Festival where Fábri won a Special Prize for Directing.


141 Speedway
141 Speedway (formerly Super 141 Speedway) is a dirt racing track located between Maribel and Francis Creek, Wisconsin. The track is 1⁄3-mile and hosts a weekly racing program with numerous International Motor Contest Association classes.


141 Speedway, History
The land for 141 was acquired in 1959 by original owner Dick Grall; the track was built and the then-Super 141 Speedway opened in 1960. Grall operated the track until 1975 and leased the track until 1990, when a promoter reneged on two years' worth of leasing agreements, closing the track while litigation played out. Grall lost the desire to lease the track, but Matt Rowe bought the track from Grall in late 1997 and re-opened the track for the 1998 season.


141 Speedway, History
The track was originally an asphalt oval, but management made the decision to convert to a dirt track before the 2010 season. The resulting dirt track was 1⁄3-mile, as the asphalt track was 1⁄4-mile. After the 2013 season, previous owners Bruce and Renee Conard sold the track to Scott Ratajczak, local racer Dan Ratajczak, and Iowa dirt racing promoter Toby Kruse.


141 Speedway, History
In 2017, the track sued Manitowoc County over parking on a parcel of land across the road from the track; the parcel was later rezoned by a county board to allow parking.


141 Speedway, Events
141 hosts a series of "The Creek" events: The Clash at the Creek, described as a crown jewel IMCA Modified race; the King at the Creek, an IMCA Stock Car event, and the Captain of the Creek, an IMCA Sport Mod event. The track has also hosted the IRA Sprints, and has also been a national championship venue for INEX dirt oval legends cars. In 2018, the Lucas Oil Late Model Dirt Series visited the track.


141 Speedway, Events
The track held a Mid-American Stock Car Series date in the 2000s.


141 Speedway, Events, Sanctioning
The Eastern Wisconsin Racing Association sanctioned the track from 1971 until 1978, and the track entered into a sanctioning agreement with the International Motor Contest Association in 1986. It lost IMCA sanctioning in 2011 when a change to Saturday night events resulted in conflicts with other local IMCA-sanctioned tracks.


1410
Year 1410 (MCDX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1410 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 1410 kHz: The Federal Communications Commission classifies 1410 AM as a regional frequency in the United States.


1410 Margret
1410 Margret, provisional designation 1937 AL, is an Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 8 January 1937, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after Margret Braun, wife of the Heidelberg astronomer Heinrich Vogt.


1410 Margret, Orbit and classification
Margret is a member of the Eos family (606), the largest asteroid family in the outer main belt consisting of nearly 10,000 asteroids.


1410 Margret, Orbit and classification
It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.7–3.3 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,917 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic.


1410 Margret, Orbit and classification
The body's observation arc begins with its first identification as A924 RD at Simeiz Observatory in September 1924, more than 12 years prior to its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.


1410 Margret, Physical characteristics
The asteroid's spectral type is unknown. The Eos family typically consists of K-type asteroids.


1410 Margret, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Margret measures 21.083 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.145, which agrees with the albedo of 0.14 measured for the parent body of the Eos family, 221 Eos.


1410 Margret, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
As of 2017, no rotational lightcurve of Margret has been obtained from photometric observations. The asteroid's rotation period, spin axis and shape remain unknown.


1410 Margret, Naming
This minor planet was named after Margret Braun (died 1991), wife of the Heidelberg astronomer Heinrich Vogt (1890–1968), after whom 1439 Vogtia was named. The subsequently numbered asteroid 1411 Brauna is also named after Margret Braun. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 127).


1410 Yellow River flood
The 1410 Yellow River flood was a natural disaster affecting the area around Kaifeng, China, during the early Ming dynasty.


1410 Yellow River flood
It struck during the early years of the reign of the usurping Yongle Emperor, damaging thousands of acres of farmland and killing more than 14,000 families.


1410s
The 1410s decade ran from January 1, 1410, to December 31, 1419.