110 film, Design and technical issues
Although the format is most closely associated with cheaply produced, low-cost cameras, Canon, Minolta, Minox, Pentax, Rollei, Voigtländer, and others, as well as Kodak, offered sophisticated, expensive 110 cameras, with excellent multi-element focusing lenses and precise, electronically controlled exposure systems. Such cameras are capable of making high-quality images on 110 film. Some of these cameras are quite small and still hold appeal to subminiature-photography enthusiasts.


110 film, Design and technical issues
The small negative size of 110 film makes it difficult to enlarge successfully. For these reasons, the 110 format is associated with prints that are often rather grainy and unsharp. This has led to the misconception that the cartridge itself is incapable of holding film flat enough for making high-quality negatives.


110 film, Design and technical issues
The 110 cartridge, as specified by Kodak, has a plastic tab on one end. Camera designers had the option of using this tab to sense film speed, enabling sophisticated cameras to switch between high- and low-speed film. A short tab indicated high-speed film, and a long tab indicated low-speed film. Kodak left it to the film manufacturer to decide which film speeds were high or low. Only a few cameras took advantage of this feature: Rollei A110, Canon 110 ED 20, Minolta 110 Zoom SLR Mark I/II, Minox 110S, Voigtlander Vitoret 110 EL, Pentax Auto 110 and the Kodak Ektralite 10.


110 film, Design and technical issues
Some manufacturers would vary the low speed ASA setting and then change it in later models. For example, Minox 110S low speed was 64 ASA (Kodachrome then being made for 110) and high 400 ASA: but Canon 110 ED has 80 ASA only, with the 110 ED 20 having 80 and 400 ASA.


110 film, Design and technical issues
The last 110 film that Kodak produced was ISO 400 speed packed in a cartridge that senses as "low" speed. As shown in the photograph to the right, these cartridges can be modified by hand so that they signal the proper speed to the camera.


110 film, Film types
Although the format is commonly associated with print film, Kodak also produced Kodachrome 64 slide film in 110 cartridges until 1982. In 2012 Lomography re-introduced slide film for 110 with their Peacock 200 ASA model. However, since not all 110 cameras have a settable ASA dial (low or high, depending on presence of a notch in the cassette), a neutral-density filter has to be used over the lens or the exposure compensation dial has to be used where available. Otherwise, over-exposure by a factor of x2 will result, leading to over-exposed images.


110 film, Film types
Along with standard-sized slides that fit into standard projectors, 110 slide film could also be processed into smaller format slides. The latter requires special Pocket Carousel projectors. or the Leica 110 projector. The sub-miniature slides are mounted in small mounts, or for Kodachrome mounted in 35mm-sized mounts with a 110 frame. There are also mount adapters available that allow the small mounts to be projected in a common 35mm projector. These adapters were not entirely satisfactory however, as to project the smaller slide at a size comparable to that from 35mm the projector had to be moved further from the screen, resulting in a dimmer image. Dedicated 110 projectors overcame this by using a brighter lamp.


110 film, Film types
Kodak's Verichrome Pan was the only 110 black and white film produced until 2012, when Lomography manufactured their new Black and White Orca film at 100 ISO speed. This speed is supported by most 110 cameras. As of 2021, this film is still in production.


110 in the Shade
110 in the Shade is a musical with a book by N. Richard Nash, lyrics by Tom Jones, and music by Harvey Schmidt.


110 in the Shade
Based on Nash's 1954 play The Rainmaker, it focuses on Lizzie Curry, a spinster living on a ranch in the American southwest, and her relationships with local sheriff File, a cautious divorcé who fears being hurt again, and charismatic con man Bill Starbuck, posing as a rainmaker who promises the locals he can bring relief to the drought-stricken area. Nash's book is faithful to his original play, although all the interior scenes were moved outdoors to allow for the addition of townspeople for ensemble numbers and dances. Many of Jones' lyrics come directly from Nash's play.


110 in the Shade, Productions, Original Broadway Production
Following the success of The Fantasticks, the project was the composing team's first for Broadway. The original score was almost operatic in scope, and when the show's running time in Boston proved to be too long, the creative team began trimming numbers, eventually discarding nearly as many as were heard in the finished product. After two previews, the production, directed by Joseph Anthony and choreographed by Agnes de Mille, opened on October 24, 1963, at the Broadhurst Theatre, where it ran for 330 performances.


110 in the Shade, Productions, Original Broadway Production
The cast included Robert Horton as Starbuck, Inga Swenson as Lizzie, and Stephen Douglass as File, with Will Geer, Lesley Ann Warren, and Gretchen Cryer in supporting roles. The sets were by Oliver Smith and costumes by Motley. The show received four Tony Award nominations but won none. RCA Victor released an original Broadway cast recording of this production on November 3, 1963, with one recording in stereo and one in mono. Both recordings were identical, each having 16 tracks. RCA Victor also released the recording on Compact Disc on June 12, 1990, with one track--"Overture" not heard on the previous LP recordings.


110 in the Shade, Productions, Original London Production
The first and only West End production, directed by Charles Blackwell, recreated the original Broadway production closely and opened on February 8, 1967, at the Palace Theatre, where it ran for 101 performances.


110 in the Shade, Productions, 1992 New York City Opera Revival
A 1992 New York City Opera production, directed by Scott Ellis and choreographed by Susan Stroman, starred Karen Ziemba as Lizzie. The score was heard to particular advantage here, as the opera company orchestra was appreciably larger than the conventional Broadway pit orchestra. A 2-CD studio recording released by Jay Records on October 21, 1997, features Ziemba, Walter Charles, Ron Raines, Kristin Chenoweth, and Schmidt and Jones. The recording was based on the 1992 New York City Opera production, and includes five bonus tracks from the New York City Opera production.


110 in the Shade, Productions, 1999 Concert Production
In 1999, a concert version was staged at the Fortune Theatre in London by Ian Marshall Fisher for the Discovering Lost Musicals Charitable Trust, with Louise Gold as Lizzie. For this production only a piano accompaniment was used, and the cast was unmiked.


110 in the Shade, Productions, 2007 Broadway Revival
The Roundabout Theater Company presented a new production of the show, which opened on May 9, 2007, at Studio 54, and closed on July 29, 2007, after 94 performances and 27 previews. The production team was headed by director Lonny Price and designer Santo Loquasto. They were joined by lighting designer Christopher Akerlind, sound designer Dan Moses Schreier, and musical arranger David Krane along with musical supervisor/director, Paul Gemignani, who has worked closely with Price on various stage projects in the past. The cast featured Audra McDonald as Lizzie, Steve Kazee as Bill Starbuck, and John Cullum as H.C. Curry.


110 in the Shade, Productions, 2007 Broadway Revival
McDonald won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a Musical and was nominated for a Tony Award for her performance. Ben Brantley wrote of McDonald: "Is it possible for a performance to be too good? Audra McDonald brings such breadth of skill and depth of feeling to the Roundabout Theater Company revival of '110 in the Shade' that she threatens to burst the seams of this small, homey musical. Ravishing of voice and Olympian of stature, she’s an overwhelming presence in an underwhelming show."


110 in the Shade, Productions, 2007 Broadway Revival
The revival also garnered four additional Tony nominations, but failed to win any. In June 2010, McDonald reprised her Tony-nominated role in a two-week fundraising production of the show for the Hale Center Theater in Orem, Utah. A recording of this production was released on June 12, 2007, by PS Classics. It drops the "Overture" but adds two tracks of dialogue.


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act I
It's the Fourth of July in 1936, in the small town of Three Point in the Southwestern U.S., where a blistering heat wave has the local sheriff, File, and the other townsfolk forever eyeing the sky ("Another Hot Day"). Elsewhere in town, on the ranch of widower H.C. Curry, the air is also charged with anticipation, due to the imminent arrival of H.C.'s daughter ("Lizzie's Coming Home"), who's been off visiting friends of the family (pseudo-relatives "Uncle" Ned and "Aunt" Marabelle and their sons) in [Sweetwater].


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act I
The trip was designed to find Lizzie a husband, but to no avail: as at home, her intelligence, sharp wit, and insecurities proved her undoing. H.C. and his sons, Jim and Noah, hatch a plan to invite Sheriff File to the annual picnic lunch, where Lizzie can impress him with her prettiest party dress and tastiest picnic basket. Reluctant at first, but then allowing herself to dream just a bit, Lizzie agrees ("Love Don't Turn Away").


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act I
Sheriff File, unfortunately, proves immune to every enticement the Curry boys offer ("Poker Polka"). His mind is more on "some sort of outlaw" heading into town, a fellow named Tornado Johnson; besides, he knows a fix-up when he sees one, and as he puts it, "I can mend my own shirts." Jim and Noah depart, but H.C. stays behind to tell File he knows the lie File's been living: that File's not a widower, as he claims to be—that his wife ran out on him. H.C. sees a man who's lonely and shut off, one who needs "a lot more mendin' than shirts," but File grows angry and defensive, and H.C. leaves him be.


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act I
As the ladies at the picnic grounds await the arrival of "The Hungry Men", File is noticeably not among them, and although her father and brothers do their best to console her, Lizzie feels the sting of File's rejection. Jim suggests she'd have more luck if she flirted more—played down her intelligence and told men what they wanted to hear like Lily Ann Beasley, who has all the men in town weak in the knees. But Lizzie is resolute in her vision of a husband: "I want him to stand up straight—and I want to be able to stand up straight to him!"


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act I
Suddenly, something sounds like a dry, rattling crack of summer thunder, and with it appears a handsome stranger who introduces himself as "Starbuck—Rainmaker." His bold promises include the town into a revivalist frenzy ("The Rain Song"), and H.C. plunks down a hundred dollars for the promise of rain within twenty-four hours. But Lizzie sees through Starbuck's pretenses, and he instantly sees through hers ("You're Not Foolin' Me"). His accusations touch a nerve, and as he exits, a childhood song runs through her head ("Cinderella") that darkens her mood further. Feeling a need to "get out of me for a while," she imagines a different sort of Lizzie Curry ("Raunchy").


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act I
File appears unexpectedly at the picnic grounds and, still insistent that he has a right to be alone, nonetheless reaches out to Lizzie, coming clean about his past and, almost despite himself, revealing old wounds ("A Man and a Woman"). But as they start to open up to each other, Lizzie's candid comments—and her feeble attempts to retract them—drive File away in a fury. Her family appears instantly to grill her, and Noah lashes out at her father's efforts to console her, insisting she accept the reality that she's going to end up alone. Lizzie, with terror in her heart, faces her future ("Old Maid").


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act II
As twilight approaches, lovers still haunt the picnic grounds. Starbuck is there as well, alone and quiet, doing a bit of soul-searching ("Evenin' Star", added for the 2007 revival). The others merely admire the majesty of the night sky ("Everything Beautiful Happens At Night"). For Lizzie, though, twilight means putting an end to her daydreams, and yet, still in search of something she can't quite define, she finds herself drawn to Starbuck's camp. Sensing her discontent, he encourages her to dream again—this time far beyond her small-town horizons ("Melisande").


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act II
Instinctively defensive, as before, Lizzie counters that her dreams are just a different kind ("Simple Little Things"), but feeling that she'll never get what she wants, she breaks down. Starbuck grabs her, encouraging her to see herself through her own eyes, and not as she fears others view her; he takes the pins out of her hair and insists she recognize her own beauty. The lights fade as they begin to make love.


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act II
Back at the picnic area, Jim is boasting of his own Fourth of July adventures ("Little Red Hat") when File arrives to tell the Curry clan that he's on the lookout for Tornado Johnson—aka rainmaker Starbuck. He understands that H.C. gave him a hundred dollars for the promise of rain, but H.C., well aware that Lizzie is with Starbuck, refuses to reveal his whereabouts.


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act II
Noah is shocked that his father is willing to leave Lizzie alone with a conman, but H.C. understands his daughter's needs, "even if it's only one minute—with a man talkin' quiet and his hand touchin' her face." Back at Starbuck's tent, that's precisely what's happening, as Starbuck shares a difficult secret: "I never made rain in my life! Not a single raindrop!" Lizzie counsels him that "it's not good to live in your dreams," but he notes that it's not good to live outside of them, either. She concludes that the best way to live is "somewhere between the two" ("Is It Really Me? ").


110 in the Shade, Synopsis, Act II
As the Curry family awaits Lizzie's arrival, the mood is silent and tense. But she appears joyous and transformed ("I've got a new beau! "), and when File arrives to arrest Starbuck, the entire Curry clan defends him. Starbuck implores Lizzie to join him in his travels, and File—suddenly aware of what he needs and what he might lose—steps forward to plead his own case ("Wonderful Music"). Lizzie, with a new sense of her own worth, makes her decision. As Starbuck exits for parts unknown, a low rumble of thunder ushers in a sudden cloudburst, less than twenty-four hours after his arrival. And as the townspeople revel at the heavy downpour ("The Rain Song" reprise), Lizzie and File rejoice in the promise of hope and renewal that rainfall brings.


110 metres hurdles
The 110 metres hurdles, or 110-metre hurdles, is a hurdling track and field event for men. It is included in the athletics programme at the Summer Olympic Games. The female counterpart is the 100 metres hurdles. As part of a racing event, ten hurdles of 1.067 metres (3 ft 6, or 42 inches) in height are evenly spaced along a straight course of 110 metres. They are positioned so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner. Fallen hurdles do not carry a fixed time penalty for the runners, but they have a significant pull-over weight which slows down the run. Like the 100 metres sprint, the 110 metres hurdles begins in the starting blocks.


110 metres hurdles
For the 110 m hurdles, the first hurdle is placed after a run-up of 13.72 metres (45 ft) from the starting line. The next nine hurdles are set at a distance of 9.14 metres (30 ft) from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 14.02 metres (46 ft) long.


110 metres hurdles
The Olympic Games have included the 110 metre hurdles in their program since 1896. The equivalent hurdles race for women was run over a course of 80 metres from 1932 to 1968. Starting with the 1972 Summer Olympics, the women's race was set at 100 metres. In the early 20th century, the race was often contested as 120 yard hurdles, thus the imperial units distances between hurdles.


110 metres hurdles
The fastest 110 metre hurdlers run the distance in around 13 seconds. Aries Merritt of the United States holds the current world record of 12.80 seconds, set at the Memorial Van Damme meet on 7 September 2012 in Belgium.


110 metres hurdles, History
For the first hurdles races in England around 1830, wooden barriers were placed along a stretch of 100 yards (91.44 m).


110 metres hurdles, History
The first standards were attempted in 1864 in Oxford and Cambridge:  The length of the course was set to 120 yards (109.7 m) and over its course, runners were required to clear ten 3 foot 6 inch (1.07 m) high hurdles; the height and spacing of the hurdles have been related to Imperial units ever since. After the length of the course was rounded up to 110 metres in France in 1888, the standardisation was essentially complete, except that in Germany, 1 metre high hurdles were used until 1907.


110 metres hurdles, History
The massively constructed hurdles of the early days were first replaced in 1895 with somewhat lighter T-shaped hurdles that runners were able to knock over.


110 metres hurdles, History
However, until 1935, runners were disqualified if they knocked down more than three hurdles, and records were only recognized if the runner had left all hurdles standing.


110 metres hurdles, History
In 1935, the T-shaped hurdles were replaced by L-shaped ones that easily fall forward if bumped into and therefore reduce the risk of injury. However, these hurdles are weighted, so it is disadvantageous to hit them.


110 metres hurdles, History
The current running style where the first hurdle is taken on the run with the upper body lowered instead of being jumped over and with three steps each between the hurdles was first used by the 1900 Olympic champion, Alvin Kraenzlein. The 110 metre hurdles have been an Olympic discipline since 1896.


110 metres hurdles, History, Women's history
Women ran the event occasionally in the 1920s, but it never became generally accepted.


110 metres hurdles, History, Women's history
From 1926 to 1968, women competed in the 80 metre hurdles, which was increased to 100 metres starting in 1961 on a trial basis, and was officially implemented in compeition in 1969. As of 2021, no timeframe has been given by the IAAF for  an increase to 110 metres, despite proposals to do so.


110 metres hurdles, History, Other events
In 1900 and 1904, the Olympics also included a 200-metre hurdles event, and the IAAF recognized world records for the 200 metre hurdles until 1960. Don Styron held the world record in the event for over 50 years, until Andy Turner broke the record in a specially arranged race at the Manchester City Games in 2010: Styron still holds the world record in the 220 yard low hurdles as of 2021.


110 metres hurdles, Technique
The sprint hurdles are a very rhythmic race because both men and women take 3 steps (meaning 4 foot strikes) between each hurdle, no matter whether running 110/100 metres outdoors, or the shorter distances indoors (55 or 60 metres). In addition, the distance from the starting line to the first hurdle - while shorter for women - is constant for both sexes whether indoors or outdoors, so sprint hurdlers do not need to change their stride pattern between indoor and outdoor seasons. One difference between indoor and outdoors is the shorter finishing distance from the last (5th) hurdle indoors, compared to longer distance from the last (10th) hurdle outdoors to the finish line.


110 metres hurdles, Technique
Top male hurdlers traditionally took 8 strides from the starting blocks to the first hurdle (indoors and outdoors). The 8-step start persisted from (at least) the 1950s to the end of the 20th century and included such World- and Olympic champions as Harrison Dillard, Rod Milburn, Greg Foster, Renaldo Nehemiah, Roger Kingdom, Allen Johnson, Mark Crear, Mark McCoy, and Colin Jackson. However, beginning in the 2000s, some hurdle coaches embraced a transition to a faster 7-step start, teaching the men to lengthen their first few strides out of the starting blocks.


110 metres hurdles, Technique
Cuban hurdler Dayron Robles set his 2008 world record of 12.87 using a 7-step start. Chinese star Liu Xiang won the 2004 Olympics and broke the world record in 2006 utilizing an 8-step approach, but he switched to 7-steps by the 2011 outdoor season. After the 2010 outdoor season, American Jason Richardson trained to switch to a 7-step start and went on to win the 2011 World Championship. American Aries Merritt trained in Fall 2011 to switch from 8 to 7, and then had his greatest outdoor season in 2012 - running 8 races in under 13 seconds - capped by winning the London 2012 Olympics and then setting a world record of 12.80.


110 metres hurdles, Technique
Of the 10 men with the fastest 110m hurdle times in 2012, seven used 7-steps, including the top 4: Aries Merritt, Liu Xiang, Jason Richardson, and David Oliver. Hurdle technique experts believe the off-season training required to produce the power and speed necessary to reach the first hurdle in 7 steps, yields greater endurance over the last half of the race. That added endurance allows hurdlers to maintain their top speed to the finish, resulting in a faster time.


110 metres hurdles, Junior level competition
In American high school track and field and at many international Under-20 athletics competitions, the 110MH are mostly the same as their professional counterparts. The main difference between the high school hurdles and college-level/ professional hurdles is the height. High school hurdles are 39’ inches high while college height hurdles are 42 inches tall. This change in height drastically changes the requirements placed on the hurdler to clear the barrier with the same amount of speed. High school hurdling technique is the same as professional except on the higher hurdles everything is exaggerated.


110 metres hurdles, Junior level competition
As a high schooler makes the transition from the 39’s to the 42’s there are many things they must adjust to, the most prevailing issue is getting down after clearing the hurdle. 39-inch hurdlers are used to the normal sprinting motion right after they get off the hurdle but for a newly transitioned 42-inch hurdler that extra half a second can feel very foreign. The second major difference in technique between 39’s and 42’s is the take-off distance.


110 metres hurdles, Junior level competition
When a high school hurdler approaches his first hurdle they are putting as much power into each step as possible and attempting to gain all the speed they can so by their eighth step they’ll be about six inches away from the hurdle. When attempting to clear a 42-inch hurdle the athlete can no longer run headfirst into the hurdle with disregard for the height of the hurdle. The newly made college hurdler needs to learn how to shorten their strides so they can take off the ground from farther away to clear a 42-inch barrier.


110 metres hurdles, Junior level competition
Both before and after this change of technique world class hurdler, Aries Merritt was an elite level hurdler, at the peak of his high school career Aries Merritt achieved a still standing Wheeler High school record of 13.91 seconds. Almost all top level American hurdlers started their careers in high school including Roger Kingdom at Vienna high school and many more.


110 metres hurdles, Junior level competition
The world record in the 110m hurdles at the 39-inch height is 12.72 by Sasha Zhoya, achieved at the 2021 World Athletics U20 Championships – Men's 110 metres hurdles in Nairobi, Kenya on 21 August 2021.


110 metres hurdles, All-time top 25, Notes
Below is a list of all other legal times equal or inferior to 12.96:


110 metres hurdles, Most successful athletes
Athletes with two or more victories at the Olympic Games & World Championships:


110-Morgen
110-Morgen is a neighborhood in Rotterdam, Netherlands Located in Hillegersberg-Schiebroek.


110-Morgen
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110-vertex Iofinova-Ivanov graph
The 110-vertex Iofinova-Ivanov graph is, in graph theory, a semi-symmetric cubic graph with 110 vertices and 165 edges.


110-vertex Iofinova-Ivanov graph, Properties
Iofinova and Ivanov proved in 1985 the existence of five and only five semi-symmetric cubic bipartite graphs whose automorphism groups act primitively on each partition. The smallest has 110 vertices. The others have 126, 182, 506 and 990. The 126-vertex Iofinova-Ivanov graph is also known as the Tutte 12-cage.


110-vertex Iofinova-Ivanov graph, Properties
The diameter of the 110-vertex Iofinova-Ivanov graph, the greatest distance between any pair of vertices, is 7. Its radius is likewise 7. Its girth is 10.


110-vertex Iofinova-Ivanov graph, Properties
It is 3-connected and 3-edge-connected: to make it disconnected at least three edges, or at least three vertices, must be removed.


110-vertex Iofinova-Ivanov graph, Properties, Coloring
The chromatic number of the 110-vertex Iofina-Ivanov graph is 2: its vertices can be 2-colored so that no two vertices of the same color are joined by an edge. Its chromatic index is 3: its edges can be 3-colored so that no two edges of the same color met at a vertex.


110-vertex Iofinova-Ivanov graph, Properties, Algebraic properties
The characteristic polynomial of the 110-vertex Iofina-Ivanov graph is (x−3)x20(x+3)(x4−8x2+11)12(x4−6x2+6)10{\displaystyle (x-3)x^{20}(x+3)(x^{4}-8x^{2}+11)^{12}(x^{4}-6x^{2}+6)^{10}}. The symmetry group of the 110-vertex Iofina-Ivanov is the projective linear group PGL2(11), with 1320 elements.


110-vertex Iofinova-Ivanov graph, Semi-symmetry
Few graphs show semi-symmetry: most edge-transitive graphs are also vertex-transitive. The smallest semi-symmetric graph is the Folkman graph, with 20 vertices, which is 4-regular. The three smallest cubic semi-symmetric graphs are the Gray graph, with 54 vertices, this the smallest of the Iofina-Ivanov graphs with 110, and the Ljubljana graph with 112. It is only for the five Iofina-Ivanov graphs that the symmetry group acts primitively on each partition of the vertices.


1100
Year 1100 (MC) was a century leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1100th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 100th year of the 2nd millennium, the 100th and last year of the 11th century, and the 1st year of the 1100s decade. In the proleptic Gregorian calendar, it was a non-leap century year starting on Monday (like 1900).


1100 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 1100 kHz: 1100 AM is a United States clear-channel frequency. WTAM in Cleveland, Ohio is the dominant Class A station on 1100 AM.


1100 Architect
1100 Architect is an architecture firm based in New York City and Frankfurt founded by principals David Piscuskas and Juergen Riehm. It provides architectural design, programming, space analysis, interior design, and master planning services to both public and private clients, and its work includes educational and arts institutions, libraries, offices, residences, retail environments, and civic facilities.


1100 Architect
The company was founded in 1983 in SoHo, Manhattan as a design studio of three architecture school graduates. Its design philosophy focuses on sustainability, stating that, "[1100 Architect] views good design and environmental sustainability as interconnected elements of a thoughtful, responsible project." As of 2015, the firm has 44 employees.


1100 Architect, Projects
The company's designs include institutional, residential, and commercial buildings. Award-winning projects include the design for the Children's Library Discovery Center in New York City, Calvert Vaux Park Facility in New York City, and a residential house in Palm Beach, Florida.


1100 Architect, Recognition
1100 received the 2014 ALA/IIDA Library Design Awards for Best of Competition Winner and Best Public Library 30,000 Sq. Ft & Smaller and the 2013 NYLA-PLA Award for the Queens Central Library Children's Library Discovery Center in Queens, New York.


1100 Architect, Recognition
In 2013, the company's design for a house in Palm Beach, Florida received the Elizabeth L. and John H. Schuler Award which annually recognizes design "in keeping with the traditional character of Palm Beach architecture."


1100 Arnica
1100 Arnica /ˈɑːrnɪkə/, provisional designation 1928 SD, is a Koronian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in 1928 and named after the herbaceous plant Arnica (aster; daisy). The asteroid is likely of stony composition and has a rotation period of 14.535 hours.


1100 Arnica, Discovery
Arnica was first observed as A904 XA at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in December 1904. It was officially discovered on 22 September 1928, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg in southwest Germany. On 14 October 1928, it was independently discovered by astronomers Friedrich Schwassmann and Arthur Wachmann at the Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg. The Minor Planet Center does not recognize these independent discoverers.


1100 Arnica, Orbit and classification
Arnica is a member of the Koronis family (605), an  outer belt asteroid family with nearly co-planar ecliptical orbits. The family consist of nearly 6,000 known members and is named after its parent body 158 Koronis.


1100 Arnica, Orbit and classification
It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.7–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 11 months (1,803 days; semi-major axis of 2.90 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.07 and an inclination of 1° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in October 1918, almost 10 years prior to its official discovery observation.


1100 Arnica, Orbit and classification, Close asteroid approaches
Arnica occasionally makes close approaches to other main-belt asteroids. It will pass close to 88 Thisbe three times before the year 2200. On 21 February 2043, Arnica will be 0.0487 AU (7,290,000 km) from Thisbe. On 31 March 2112, it will be 0.0432 AU (6,460,000 km) from Thisbe. Its closest approach to Thisbe will occur on 17 May 2181, when its distance to Thisbe will be 0.0277 AU (4,140,000 km). It will also approach 7 Iris and 16 Psyche, coming within 0.0117 AU (1,750,000 km) and 0.0369 AU (5,520,000 km) on 28 November 2104 and 16 July 2199, respectively.


1100 Arnica, Physical characteristics
Arnica is an assumed stony S-type asteroid, which is also the overall spectral type for members of the Koronis family.


1100 Arnica, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
Several rotational lightcurves of Arnica have been obtained from photometric observations since 2003. Analysis of the best-rated lightcurve gave a rotation period of 14.535 hours with a consolidated brightness amplitude between 0.09 and 0.28 magnitude (U=3).


1100 Arnica, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Arnica measures 16.894 and 17.234 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.246 and 0.2389, respectively. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a stony standard albedo for Koronian asteroids of 0.24 and calculates a diameter of 17.92 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.9.


1100 Arnica, Naming
This minor planet was named after Arnica, a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family (aster, daisy, composite). The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 103).


1100 Arnica, Naming, Reinmuth's flowers
Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).


1100 Bel Air Place
1100 Bel Air Place is an album of love songs performed by Julio Iglesias, and released by Columbia Records in 1984. It was the first of Iglesias' albums to be performed largely in English, and it is generally considered his breakthrough album in English speaking markets.


1100 Bel Air Place
The album features Julio's only US Top 40 hits, "To All the Girls I've Loved Before", with Willie Nelson, and "All of You" with Diana Ross. The Beach Boys sang back-up on "The Air That I Breathe", a tune from Albert Hammond's 1972 album It Never Rains in Southern California, which was also a major hit for the British band The Hollies in 1974.


1100 Bel Air Place
The album's title is the address, 1100 Bel Air Place — Iglesias' former home in Los Angeles, California, which was owned by music producer Quincy Jones until September 2005.Coordinates:


1100 Bel Air Place, Certifications
* Sales figures based on certification alone.^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.


1100 Grand Concourse
1100 Grand Concourse is a co-operative apartment building located in the Concourse neighborhood of the Bronx, New York City. It was built in 1928 and was originally called the John Ericsson Building; John Ericsson's name can still be found in several parts of the structure. It has been considered by The New York Times as one of the most prominent residential buildings in the Bronx.


1100 Grand Concourse
The building is part of the Grand Concourse Historic District.


1100 Grand Concourse, Image gallery
A detailed view of the façade of 1100 Grand Concourse


1100 Grand Concourse, Image gallery
John Ericsson name plaque on the façade of 1100 Grand Concourse


1100 Grand Concourse, Image gallery
Detailed view of the metalwork above the front entrance at 1100 Grand Concourse


1100 Grand Concourse, Image gallery
An ornamental corner statue in the entryway at 1100 Grand Concourse


1100 Grand Concourse, Image gallery
A second view of the lobby of 1100 Grand Concourse


1100 Grand Concourse, Image gallery
A view of one of the stairwells from the first floor at 1100 Grand Concourse


1100 Millecento
1100 Millecento (previously The Pointe at Brickell Village) is a high-rise residential building in the Brickell neighborhood of Miami, Florida.


1100 Millecento
The Pointe was approved by the City of Miami and was scheduled to begin construction in late 2007. The building was planned to rise 442 feet (135 meters), with 42 floors. The Pointe at Brickell Village was one of several proposed residential developments during the city's recent "Manhattanization" wave. It was scheduled to be completed by 2009, but was cancelled due to the United States housing market correction.


1100 Peachtree
1100 Peachtree Street is one of the prominent buildings of Midtown Atlanta, Georgia.


1100 Peachtree, Ownership and usage
The 28-story, 618,000 sq ft (57,414 m2) building is currently owned by Manulife Financial. It was previously partly owned and largely occupied by telecommunications company AT&T Corporation providing offices for its top executives. Besides AT&T, the other major occupant is law firm Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton LLP. In November 2006, law firm Schreeder, Wheeler and Flint, LLP became the building's tenants.


1100 Peachtree, Design
The octagonal building has a ziggurat-like, stair-stepped top with lighting which accentuates the building at night. Completed in 1991, the building is 428 ft (130 m) tall. It is one of several buildings built in a period in Atlanta in which architects apparently attempted to one-up each other with their ornate and dramatically-lit "wedding-cake" skyscraper tops. 1100 Peachtree received the EPA "Energy Star" designation in 2000, the first high-rise in Atlanta to be so named. Building architects were Smallwood, Reynolds, Stewart, Stewart & Associates, Inc.


1100 Superior
1100 Superior (formerly known as the Diamond Shamrock Building, the Diamond Building, and Oswald Centre) is a skyscraper in downtown Cleveland, Ohio's emerging Nine-Twelve District, which is also home to One Cleveland Center, Ohio Savings Plaza, The 925 Building, PNC Center, and the former Eaton Center. It was built in 1972 for the important San Antonio, Texas firm of Diamond Shamrock which specialized in oil refining, it has 23 floors and rises to a height of 282 feet (86 m).


1100 Superior
It was designed by the firm of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill which also designed the nearby AECOM Building, and the Willis Tower in Chicago, Illinois. The firm was a leader in the modernist tower block design at the time of construction which believed in three principals: heavy metal anchoring, profuse windows for air and light, and simple muted dark colored facade paneling that gave their landmark buildings a "natural"  organic look.


1100 Superior
It is located at 1100 Superior Avenue along East 12th Street. In 1994, during a water main break, a four-story section of the Diamond Building lost some of its glass from pressure of the water. In 2012, the tower's naming rights were purchased by insurance brokerage the Oswald Cos. (which is written in bright red multistory letters on the north and south sides of the tower), one of its largest tenants.


1100 Wilshire
1100 Wilshire is a 37-story, 151.18 m (496.0 ft) residential and commercial skyscraper completed in 1987 in Los Angeles, California. It is the 24th tallest building in the city, the 2nd tallest residential building in the entire Southern California region, and the 4th tallest residential building in the state of California. The 35,262 m2 (379,560 sq ft) tower was designed by AC Martin Partners. The bottom 16 floors are primarily parking, with commercial space on the ground floor/street level. 1100 Wilshire was unsuccessful as an office building and sat nearly vacant for almost two decades. It was purchased by Hampton Development, TMG Partners and Forest City Residential for $40 million, and from 2005 to 2006 the property was converted to owner-occupied residential condominiums with 228 units.


1100 aluminium alloy
1100 aluminium alloy is an aluminium-based alloy in the "commercially pure" wrought family (1000 or 1xxx series). With a minimum of 99.0% aluminium, it is the most heavily alloyed of the 1000 series. It is also the mechanically strongest alloy in the series, and is the only 1000-series alloy commonly used in rivets. At the same time, it keeps the benefits of being relatively lightly alloyed (compared to other series), such as high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and workability. It can be hardened by cold working, but not by heat treatment.


1100 aluminium alloy
Alternate designations include Al99.0Cu and A91100. 1100 and its various tempers are covered by the ISO standard 6361 and the ASTM standards B209, B210, B211, B221, B483, B491, and B547.


11001001
"11001001" is an episode of the first season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation. It was first broadcast on February 1, 1988, in the United States in broadcast syndication. It was written by Maurice Hurley and Robert Lewin, and directed by Paul Lynch.


11001001
Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D. In this episode, members of an alien race called the Bynars hijack a nearly evacuated Enterprise while retrofitting the computer in space dock.


11001001
Make-up supervisor Michael Westmore created the look of the Bynars, who were four women in extensive make-up. The musical score was scored by Ron Jones. Reviewers praised the Bynars themselves, and the response to the episode was generally positive, with one critic calling it the best of the season. It was awarded an Emmy Award for Outstanding Sound Editing for a Series.


11001001, Plot
The Federation starship Enterprise arrives at Starbase 74 for a routine maintenance check. Captain Jean-Luc Picard (Patrick Stewart) and Commander William Riker (Jonathan Frakes) greet Starbase Commander Quinteros (Gene Dynarski) and two pairs of small humanoid aliens known as Bynars; the Bynars heavily rely on their computer technology and work in pairs for best efficiency. Much of the crew take shore leave while Picard, Riker and a skeleton crew remain aboard. Riker is intrigued by the Bynars' claimed upgrades to the holodeck and starts a program in a jazz bar. The program includes a woman named Minuet (Carolyn McCormick), by whom Riker is fascinated, both as a beautiful and charming woman, but also by the level of sophistication in her responses. Riker shortly returns, and Picard walks in on him kissing Minuet, and he too is amazed by the simulation.


11001001, Plot
Meanwhile, the Bynars discreetly create a catastrophic failure in the ship's warp core. Lt . Cmdr . Data (Brent Spiner) and Geordi La Forge (LeVar Burton) are unable to locate Picard or Riker and, assuming them to already be on the Starbase, order an emergency evacuation. They set the ship to leave the Starbase and warp to a safe location before it would explode. However, once they are clear of the dock, the failure disappears and the ship sets course for the Bynar system, the planet Bynaus orbiting Beta Magellan.


11001001, Plot
Data, La Forge, and Quinteros realize that the Bynars are still aboard the ship, but there are currently no other working vessels to follow them. Back on the Enterprise, Riker and Picard leave the simulation to find the ship empty and at warp to the Bynar system, with the ship's controls locked to the bridge. Fearing that the Bynars have taken over the ship for nefarious purposes, they set the ship to self-destruct in 5 minutes and then take the bridge by intra-ship transporter beam and find the Bynars there unconscious.


11001001, Plot
After cancelling the self-destruct, they find the Bynars have uploaded massive amounts of information to the Enterprise computers, but they are unable to decode it. Realizing that Minuet was purposely created by the Bynars as a distraction, Picard and Riker ask the simulation about what is going on as the ship nears the orbit of Bynaus. Minuet explains that a star near the Bynar homeworld had gone supernova, and the EMP it emitted would knock out their computer systems, effectively killing the Bynars.


11001001, Plot
They had used the Enterprise to upload their computer information for safekeeping and then planned to download it back to the Bynar computers after the threat of the EMP had passed. With Data's help, Picard and Riker successfully download the data, and the Bynars recover. They apologize for their actions, having feared that Starfleet would refuse to help, though Picard notes they only had to ask.


11001001, Plot
As the Enterprise returns to Starbase, Riker returns to the holodeck to thank Minuet but finds that without the Bynar data, the simulation has regressed to the expected norm for the holodeck, and while Minuet still exists, she is not the same as before. Riker reports to Picard that Minuet is gone.


11001001, Production
The name "11001001" is a binary number, a concatenation of the names of the Bynars (One One, Zero Zero, One Zero, and Zero One). The episode at one point was called "10101001". It was originally intended that this episode would take place prior to "The Big Goodbye", with the Bynars' modifications causing the problems with the holodeck seen in that episode. Instead it was changed to the Bynars aiming to fix the holodeck to prevent those problems from recurring. The Bynars themselves were played by young women.


11001001, Production
Children were considered for the parts, but the production team thought that it would be too troublesome because of the limited time they could work each day and the need to hire teachers. Each actress was required to wear extensive make-up, which was created by make-up supervisor Michael Westmore. A large single-piece bald cap was made from the same mold for each actress, which required some customised trimming to get it to fit properly. To cover up problems with the seams of the cap, some fake hair was added on the Bynars' necks.


11001001, Production
Each actress also controlled the flashing light inside the apparatus on the side of the headpiece through a battery pack attached to the waistband of their costumes. To disguise their voices, the pitch was lowered in post production. It was originally planned to add subtitles over the Bynars' conversations between themselves.


11001001, Production
The image of the Starbase orbiting a planet was re-used from Star Trek III: The Search for Spock. The score was created by Ron Jones, who incorporated jazz themes composed by John Beasley. The episode was written by Maurice Hurley and Robert Lewin. Hurley was pleased with the outcome of the episode, praising the work of Westmore on the Bynars' makeup and the performance of Jonathan Frakes. Frakes enjoyed the episode too, saying, "A fabulous show. Those were the kind of chances we took first season that when they worked, they worked great.


11001001, Production
It was a very chancy show and I loved it." Director Paul Lynch also thought that the Bynars were "great". Carolyn McCormick appeared as Minuet and subsequently became a regular cast member in Law and Order. She returned to the role of Minuet in the season four episode "Future Imperfect". Gene Dynarski had previously appeared as Ben Childress in Star Trek: The Original Series episode "Mudd's Women" and Krodak in "The Mark of Gideon".


11001001, Reception
"11001001" aired in broadcast syndication during the week commencing February 7, 1988. It received Nielsen ratings of 10.7, reflecting the percentage of all households watching the episode during its timeslot. These ratings were lower than both the episodes broadcast both before and afterwards. For their work in this episode, Bill Wistrom, Wilson Dyer, Mace Matiosian, James Wolvington, Gerry Sackman and Keith Bilderbeck were awarded an Emmy Award for Outstanding Sound Editing for a Series. TV Guide ranked it No. 6 on its list of the top 10 Star Trek episodes for the magazine's celebration of the franchise's 30th anniversary in 1996.


11001001, Reception
Several reviewers re-watched the episode after the end of the series. James Hunt reviewed the episode for the website "Den of Geek" in January 2013. He was surprised by the episode as he "went in expecting something that was typically season one awful, and got something that was actually a lot of fun". He thought that the theme of symbiosis between man and machine was "interesting", stating it was the best episode up until that point in season one and one of the best of the season overall. Zack Handlen watched the episode for The A.V. Club in May 2010.


11001001, Reception
He too was surprised by what he found. Handlen said that "last time I saw it, I thought Riker and Minuet's interactions were cheesy as hell. They didn't bother me so much now, because they don't go on very long, and there's something hilarious about a man trying to seduce a computer simulation designed to respond to his seductions". But he said, "I had fun with this, which I wasn't expecting", and "thought this was solid". He gave the episode a B grade.


11001001, Reception
Keith DeCandido reviewed the episode for Tor.com in June 2011. He described it as "one of the strongest first-season episodes", and the Bynars as "one of the finest alien species Trek has provided". He also thought that turning off the auto-destruct with two minutes to go instead of mere seconds neatly avoided a cliché, and gave it a score of seven out of ten. Michelle Erica Green for TrekNation watched the episode in June 2007. She thought that it came "very close to being a really good episode".


11001001, Reception
She also thought that Picard and Riker's actions were the "most boneheaded joint behavior by the top two officers", in that they got distracted by a female character on the holodeck and didn't notice the ship being evacuated. Jamahl Epsicokhan at his website "Jammer's Reviews" described "11001001" as "easily season one's best and most memorable episode". He thought that it was the "season's most solid sci-fi concept" and that the series was "firing on all cylinders, with everything coming together, from plot to character, to sensible use of technology and action". He gave it a score of four out of four.


11001001, Reception
In 2011, this episode was noted by Forbes as one that explores the implications of advanced technology, especially the connection between people and technology. They compare this to the later episode "The Nth Degree". Also of note, they point out the modifications to the Enterprise-D holodeck, allows it to pass an impromptu turing test by the character Commander Riker. In 2012, Wired magazine said this was one of the best episodes of Star Trek: The Next Generation. In 2020, ScreenRant ranked Minuet, the holographic lady featured in the show, as the seventh best holodeck character of the Star Trek franchise.


11001001, Home media release
The first home media release of "11001001" was on VHS cassette, appearing on August 26, 1992, in the United States and Canada. The episode was later included on the Star Trek: The Next Generation season one DVD box set, released in March 2002, and then released as part of the season one Blu-ray set on July 24, 2012.


1100s (decade)
The 1100s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1100, and ended on December 31, 1109.


1100s BC (decade)
The 1100s BC is a decade which lasted from 1109 BC to 1100 BC.


1100s in England, Incumbents
Monarch – William II (until 2 August 1100), Henry I


1100s in art
The decade of the 1100s in art involved some significant events.


1100s in art, Paintings
Master of Pedret, The Virgin and Child in Majesty and the Adoration of the Magi


1100s in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1100s in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article. There are conflicting or unreliable sources for the birth years of many people born in this period; where sources conflict, the poet is listed again and the conflict is noted:


1100s in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1100–1200 in European fashion
Twelfth century European fashion was simple and differed only in details from the clothing of the preceding centuries. Men wore knee-length tunics for most activities, and men of the upper classes wore long tunics, with hose and mantle or cloaks. Women wore long tunics or dresses. A close fit to the body, full skirts, and long flaring sleeves were characteristic of upper-class fashion for both men and women.


1100–1200 in European fashion, General trends, Overview
As in the previous centuries, two styles of dress existed side-by-side for men: a short (knee-length) costume deriving from a melding of the everyday dress of the later Roman Empire and the short tunics worn by the invading barbarians, and a long (ankle-length) costume descended from the clothing of the Roman upper classes and influenced by Byzantine dress.


1100–1200 in European fashion, General trends, Fabrics and furs
Wool remained the primary fabric for clothing of all classes, while linen undergarments, which were more comfortable against the skin and could be washed and then bleached in the sun, were increasingly worn. Silk, although extremely expensive, was readily available to wealthy people of consequence. Silks from Byzantium were traded in Pavia by way of Venice, and silks from Andalusia reached France via Spain. In the last decade of the previous century, the Norman conquest of Sicily and the First Crusade had opened additional routes for Eastern fabrics and style influences into Europe.


1100–1200 in European fashion, General trends, Fabrics and furs
Fur was worn as an inside lining for warmth. Vair, the fur of the squirrel, was particularly popular and can be seen in many illuminated manuscript illustrations, where it is shown as a white and blue-grey softly striped or checkered pattern lining the mantles of the wealthy.


1100–1200 in European fashion, General trends, The bliaut
A new French fashion for both men and women was the bliaut or bliaud, a long outer tunic with full skirts from the hip and sleeves that fitted tightly to the elbow and then flared into a trumpet shape. Early bliauts were moderately fitted and bloused slightly over the belt at the waist. Later the bliaut was fitted tightly to the body from shoulder to hip, and the belt, or girdle was wrapped twice around the waist and knotted in front of the abdomen.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Men's clothing, Shirt, braies, and chausses
Underclothes consisted of an inner tunic (French chainse) or shirt with long, tight sleeves, and drawers or braies, usually of linen. Tailored cloth leggings called chausses or hose, made as separate garments for each leg, were often worn with the tunic; striped hose were popular.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Men's clothing, Shirt, braies, and chausses
During this period, beginning with the middle and upper classes, hose became longer and more fitting, and they reached above the knees. Previously, they were looser and worn with drawers that ranged from knee- to ankle-length. The new type of hose were worn with drawers that reached the knees or above, and they were wide enough at the top to allow the drawers to be tucked into them. They were held up in place by being attached to the girdle of the drawers.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Men's clothing, Shirt, braies, and chausses
The better fit and girdle attachment of these new hose eliminated the need for the leg bands often worn with earlier hose. In England, however, leg bands continued to be worn by some people, both rich and poor, right up to the reign of Richard I. After 1200, they were largely abandoned.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Men's clothing, Outer tunics and doublets
Over the undertunic and hose, men wore an outer tunic that reached to the knees or ankles, and that was fastened at the waist with a belt. Fitted bliauts, of wool or, increasingly, silk, had sleeves that were cut wide at the wrist and gored skirts. Men wore bliauts open to the waist front and back or at the side seams.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Men's clothing, Outer tunics and doublets
Newly fashionable were short, fitted garments for the upper body, worn under the tunic: the doublet, made of two layers of linen, and an early form of quilted and padded jupe or gipon.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Men's clothing, Outer tunics and doublets
The sleeveless surcoat or cyclas was introduced during this period as protective covering for armour (especially against the sun) during the Crusades. By the next century, it would become widely adopted as civilian dress.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Men's clothing, Outer tunics and doublets
Rectangular and circular cloaks were worn over the tunic. These fastened on the right shoulder or at the center front.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Men's clothing, Headgear
Men of the upper classes often went hatless. The chaperon in the form of hood and attached shoulder-length cape was worn during this period, especially by the rural lower classes, and the fitted linen coif tied under the chin appeared very late in the century. Small round or slightly conical caps with rolled brims were worn, and straw hats were worn for outdoor work in summer.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Women's clothing, Chemise and tunic
Women's clothing consisted of an undertunic called a chemise, chainse or smock, usually of linen, over which was worn one or more ankle-to-floor length tunics (also called dresses or kirtles).


1100–1200 in European fashion, Women's clothing, Chemise and tunic
Working-class women wore their tunics ankle-length and belted at the waist.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Women's clothing, Chemise and tunic
Women of the French court wore a loosely fitted tunic called a cotte or the form-fitting bliaut over a full chemise with tight sleeves. The bliaut had a flaring skirt and sleeves tight to the elbow and then widening to wrist in a trumpet shape. A bliaut apparently cut in one piece from neckline to hem depicted on a column figure of a woman at the Cathedral of St. Maurice at Angers has visible side-lacing and is belted at the natural waistline. A new fashion, the bliaut gironé, arose in mid-century: this dress is cut in two pieces, a fitted upper portion with a finely pleated skirt attached to a low waistband.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Women's clothing, Chemise and tunic
The fitted bliaut was sometimes worn with a long belt or cincture (in French, ceinture) that looped around a slightly raised waist and was knotted over the abdomen; the cincture could have decorative tassels or metal tags at the ends.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Women's clothing, Chemise and tunic
In England, the fashionable dress was wide at the wrist but without the trumpet-shaped flare from the elbow seen in France.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Women's clothing, Hairstyles and headdresses
Married women, in keeping with Christian custom, wore veils over their hair, which was often parted in the center and hung down in long braids that might be extended with false hair or purchased hair from the dead, a habit decried by moralists.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Women's clothing, Hairstyles and headdresses
During the Middle Ages hair was charged with cultural meaning. Hair could be used to convey messages of social differentiation.


1100–1200 in European fashion, Women's clothing, Hairstyles and headdresses
The wimple was introduced in England late in the century. It consisted of a linen cloth that covered the throat (and often the chin as well), and that was fastened about the head, under the veil.


1101
Year 1101 (MCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. It was the 2nd year of the 1100s decade, and the 1st year of the 12th century.


1101 Clematis
1101 Clematis /ˈklɛmətɪs/ is an Alauda asteroid from the outermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 37 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 September 1928, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany, and assigned the provisional designation 1928 SJ. It was named for the flowering plant Clematis. The presumably carbonaceous asteroid has a relatively long rotation period of 34.3 hours.


1101 Clematis, Orbit and classification
Clematis is a member of the Alauda family (902), a large family of typically "bright" carbonaceous asteroids and named after its parent body, 702 Alauda. According to a different study, this object is also the namesake of the Clematis family, a small family of 5–16 asteroids hence they may have arisen from the same collisional event. All members have a relatively high orbital inclination.


1101 Clematis, Orbit and classification
It orbits the Sun in the outermost asteroid belt at a distance of 3.0–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 10 months (2,120 days; semi-major axis of 3.23 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 21° with respect to the ecliptic.


1101 Clematis, Orbit and classification
The body's observation arc begins with its observation as 1963 TG1 at Goethe Link Observatory in October 1963, more than 35 years after its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.


1101 Clematis, Physical characteristics
Clematis is an assumed carbonaceous C-type asteroids, while the overall spectral type for members of the Alauda family is that of a somewhat brighter B-type.


1101 Clematis, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
In September 2009, a rotational lightcurve of Clematis was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomers Brian Warner at the Palmer Divide Observatory, Colorado, and by Robert Stephens at GMARS (G79, California. Lightcurve analysis gave a synodic rotation period of 34.3 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.16 magnitude (U=2), which significantly differs from previously reported periods of 6 to 12.68 hours (U=1/2/2/2). While not being a slow rotator, Clematis has a much longer period than that known for most other asteroids, and its small amplitude is indicative for a rather spheroidal shape.


1101 Clematis, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Clematis measures between 29.13 and 37.86 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1124 and 0.190.


1101 Clematis, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0788 and a diameter of 37.60 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.5.


1101 Clematis, Naming
This minor planet was named after the flowering plant Clematis, a genus within the Ranunculaceae (buttercup or crowfoot family). The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H n.a. ).


1101 Clematis, Naming, Reinmuth's flowers
Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).


1101 New York Avenue
1101 New York Avenue is a high-rise building located in Washington, D.C., United States. Designed by architect Kevin Roche, its construction was completed in 2007. The glass clad structure rises to 50 metres (160 ft) and contains 12 floors totaling 380,000 square feet. The building was designed with notched corners to allow for more window offices. The building is tied for the 20th tallest building in Washington D.C.


1101 New York Avenue
The building houses Google's public policy offices., as well as the headquarters of the National Retail Federation (NRF). The building also houses an Ernst & Young office. The previous Global Chairman and CEO of Ernst & Young, Mark Weinberger was located at this office.


1102
Year 1102 (MCII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1102 Pepita
1102 Pepita, provisional designation 1928 VA, is a stony background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 39 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 November 1928, by Catalan astronomer Josep Comas i Solà at the Fabra Observatory in Barcelona, Spain. It was named after the discoverer by the feminine form of his nickname. The asteroid has a rotation period of 5.1 hours.


1102 Pepita, Orbit and classification
Pepita is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.7–3.4 AU once every 5 years and 5 months (1,966 days; semi-major axis of 3.07 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 16° with respect to the ecliptic.


1102 Pepita, Orbit and classification
In May 1899, the asteroid was first observed as A899 KB at Harvard's Boyden Station in Arequipa, Peru (800). The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Barcelona.


1102 Pepita, Physical characteristics
In the SMASS classification, Pepita is a stony S-type asteroid, which agrees with the body's measured geometric albedo (see below). Conversely, it is also classified as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid by Tholen.


1102 Pepita, Physical characteristics, Rotation period and poles
Three rotational lightcurves of Pepita were obtained from photometric observations by astronomers Hilari Pallares and Enric Forné (2006, U=2), Pierre Antonini and René Roy (2007, U=3), as well as by Robert Stephens (2007, U=3). The consolidated lightcurve gave a well-defined rotation period of 5.1054 hours with a brightness amplitude between 0.31 and 0.36 magnitude.


1102 Pepita, Physical characteristics, Rotation period and poles
In 2011, a modeled lightcurve using data from the Uppsala Asteroid Photometric Catalogue and other sources gave a concurring sidereal period 5.10532 hours, as well as two spin axes of (25.0°, −34.0°) and (231.0°, −30.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).


1102 Pepita, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Pepita measures between 30.88 and 41.733 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1842 and 0.322.


1102 Pepita, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.1991 and a diameter of 39.27 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.40.


1102 Pepita, Naming
This minor planet was named after the discoverer, Josep Comas i Solà (1868–1937), by the feminine form of his nickname, "Pepito". He was the first director of the discovering Fabra Observatory and founded the Astronomical Society of Spain and America (Spanish: Sociedad Astronomica de España y América, SADEYA).


1102 Pepita, Naming
The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 104). The asteroid 1655 Comas Solà is also named after him, as is the Martian crater Comas Sola.


11020 Orwell
11020 Orwell, provisional designation 1984 OG, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 31 July 1984, by Czech astronomer Antonín Mrkos at Kleť Observatory in the Czech Republic. The asteroid was named after English writer George Orwell.


11020 Orwell, Classification and orbit
Orwell orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.6–3.6 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (1,993 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.15 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic. It was first observed as 1979 SA9 at Crimea–Nauchnij in 1979, extending the body's observation arc by 5 years prior to its official discovery observation at Klet.


11020 Orwell, Physical characteristics
According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Orwell measures 14.466 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.089. It has an absolute magnitude of 12.6.


11020 Orwell, Physical characteristics, Lightcurves
As of 2017, Orwell's spectral type, as well as its rotation period and shape remain unknown.


11020 Orwell, Naming
This minor planet was named for British writer Eric Blair (1903–1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, who is associated with the year of the object's discovery, 1984, due to his dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, which explores the dangers of totalitarian rule. He is also known for the novel Animal Farm. The name was proposed by Czech astronomer Jana Tichá at Klet and supported by Brian G. Marsden. The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 23 May 2000 (M.P.C. 40705).


1103
Year 1103 (MCIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1103 Sequoia
1103 Sequoia (/səˈkwɔɪ.ə/; prov. designation: 1928 VB) is a bright Hungaria asteroid from the innermost region of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers (4.3 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 9 November 1928, by German astronomer Walter Baade at the Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg, Germany, who named it after the Sequoia National Park located in California.


1103 Sequoia, Orbit and classification
Sequoia is a bright member of the Hungaria family (003), a large family within the larger dynamical Hungaria group that forms the innermost dense concentration of asteroids in the Solar System. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.8–2.1 AU once every 2 years and 8 months (982 days; semi-major axis of 1.93 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 18° with respect to the ecliptic.


1103 Sequoia, Orbit and classification
The body's observation arc begins at the North African Algiers Observatory in December 1928, about 7 weeks after its official discovery observation at Bergedorf.


1103 Sequoia, Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification and based on observations by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), Sequoia is a bright E-type asteroid, which is the predominant type for members of the Hungaria family, while in the SMASS classification, it is a Xk-subtype that transitions between the X- and K-type asteroids.


1103 Sequoia, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
A large number of rotational lightcurves of Sequoia have been obtained from photometric observations since 1990. Best rated lightcurve by Italian amateur astronomer Silvano Casulli from December 2006 gave a rotation period of 3.03784 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.44 magnitude (U=3).


1103 Sequoia, Physical characteristics, Poles
Sequoia's lightcurve has also been modeled several times and gave a concurring sidereal period of 3.03797, 3.037976 and 3.037977 hours. In 2016, the large collaboration of astronomers also published a spin axis of (60.0°, −59.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).


1103 Sequoia, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Sequoia measures between 5.21 and 7.816 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.2813 and 0.823.


1103 Sequoia, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts Petr Pravec's revised WISE results, that is, an albedo of 0.2813 and a diameter of 7.82 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.53.


1103 Sequoia, Naming
This minor planet was named after the Sequoia National Park located in California, United States, where the discoverer spent his vacations. The park is famous for its giant sequoia trees. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H n.a. ).


1103 in Ireland, Died
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110393 Rammstein
110393 Rammstein, provisional designation 2001 TC8, is a background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 4 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 October 2001, by French astronomer Jean-Claude Merlin at the Le Creusot Observatory in France. The asteroid was named after the German industrial metal band Rammstein.


110393 Rammstein, Orbit and classification
Rammstein is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.5–2.9 AU once every 4 years and 6 months (1,630 days; semi-major axis of 2.71 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic.


110393 Rammstein, Orbit and classification
The body's observation arc begins with its first observation made by LONEOS at Lowell Observatory on September 2001, less than a month prior to its official discovery observation at Le Creusot. A telescope is required to see Rammstein, as its maximum brightness is 1⁄48193 of the brightness of the faintest objects that can be seen with the unaided eye.


110393 Rammstein, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
Rammstein has not been observed by any of the space-based surveys such as the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite or the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. Based on a generic magnitude-to-diameter conversion, the asteroid measures 3.0 and 5.5 kilometers in diameter based on an absolute magnitude of 15.0 and a geometric albedo of 0.20 and 0.06, which roughly correspond to a body of carbonaceous and stony composition, respectively (both types are common in the central asteroid belt). The Minor Planet Center (MPC) similarly estimates the object's mean-diameter to be between 3 and 6 kilometers.


110393 Rammstein, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
As of 2018, no rotational lightcurve of Rammstein has been obtained from photometric observations. The body's rotation period, shape and poles remain unknown.


110393 Rammstein, Naming
This minor planet was named after the German NDH-Metal band Rammstein, which in turn took its name from the city of Ramstein after the tragic 1988 air show disaster at Ramstein Air Base (also see Ramstein air show disaster). The official naming citation was published by the MPC on 19 February 2006 (M.P.C. 55989).


1104
Year 1104 (MCIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1104 Syringa
1104 Syringa, provisional designation 1928 XA, is a dark background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 23 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 December 1928, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after the flowering plant Syringa (lilac).


1104 Syringa, Orbit and classification
Syringa is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the intermediate asteroid belt at a distance of 1.7–3.5 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,558 days; semi-major axis of 2.63 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.34 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic. For a main-belt asteroid, it has a rather high eccentricity. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg on 1 January 1929, three weeks after its official discovery observation.


1104 Syringa, Physical characteristics
In the SMASS classification, Syringa is a Xk-subtype that transitions between the X- and the dark and uncommon K-type asteroids. It has also been characterized as an X-type by Pan-STARRS' photometric survey, and as a primitive P-type asteroid by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE).


1104 Syringa, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
In February 2006, a rotational lightcurve of Syringa was obtained from photometric observations at the Calvin–Rehoboth Observatory in New Mexico, United States. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 5.1547 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.27 magnitude (U=3).


1104 Syringa, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Syringa measures between 19.711 and 24.30 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a low albedo between 0.031 and 0.045. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0434 and a diameter of 22.13 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.3.


1104 Syringa, Naming
This minor planet was named after a genus of flowering plants, Syringa, of the family Oleaceae. The most common member of Syringa is Syringa vulgaris (common lilac). The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 104).


1104 Syringa, Naming, Reinmuth's flowers
Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).


1105
Year 1105 (MCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1105 Fragaria
1105 Fragaria /frəˈɡɛəriə/ is an Eos asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 1 January 1929, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany, and assigned the provisional designation 1929 AB. The S-type asteroid (ST/L) has a rotation period of 5.4 hours and measures approximately 37 kilometers (23 miles) in diameter. It was named after the flowering plant Fragaria (strawberry).


1105 Fragaria, Orbit and classification
Fragaria belongs to the Eos family (606), the largest asteroid family of the outer asteroid belt consisting of nearly 10,000 members. It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.7–3.3 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,908 days; semi-major axis of 3.01 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic.


1105 Fragaria, Orbit and classification
The asteroid was first observed as 1916 MA at Simeiz Observatory in June 1916. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in December 1928, three weeks prior to its official discovery observation.


1105 Fragaria, Naming
This minor planet was named after Fragaria, the genus of flowering plants in the rose family, commonly known as strawberries. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 104).


1105 Fragaria, Naming, Reinmuth's flower
Karl Reinmuth submitted a list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).


1105 Fragaria, Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification, Fragaria has an ambiguous spectral type, closest to an S-type and somewhat similar to the darker and uncommon T-type asteroids (ST), while polarimetric observations characterized it as an U/L-type asteroid. The overall spectral type for members of the Eos family is that of a K-type.


1105 Fragaria, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
In December 2017. a rotational lightcurve of Fragaria was obtained from photometric observations by American photometrist Tom Polakis at the Command Module Observatory (V02) in Arizona. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 5.4312±0.0008 hours with a brightness variation of 0.33±0.03 magnitude (U=3–). Since the 1990s, the best period determinations was mady by French and Italian astronomers at ESO's La Silla Observatory using the ESO 1-metre telescope which gave 10.88 hours (or twice the period solution) and an amplitude of 0.12 magnitude (U=1). As of 2018, no secure period has been obtained.


1105 Fragaria, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Fragaria measures between 27.92 and 38.41 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1017 and 0.166. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1086 and a diameter of 36.95 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.19.


1105 West Peachtree
1105 West Peachtree is a mixed-use development currently under construction in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Located along West Peachtree Street in Midtown Atlanta, the development would consist primarily of a 32-story office building and a smaller residential tower called 40 West 12th.


1105 West Peachtree, History
The project, occupying a 3.5-acre (1.4-hectare) lot on West Peachtree Street in Midtown Atlanta, was announced by Selig Enterprises in December 2016. The project, which they announced would begin construction the following Summer, would consist of a 32-story office building featuring 645,000 square feet (59,900 m2) of office space and a residential building housing 80 residences and a 150-room hotel. These two buildings would be connected by a raised plaza, with additional street level retail on the site. The architecture firm Rule Joy Trammell & Rubio would design the project, which had an expected cost of $400 million.


1105 West Peachtree, History
In June 2017, Selig had applied for permits to demolish three preexisting buildings on the site, including the Dr. Marion Luther Brittain, Sr., House, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Permits were approved later that year, and by January 2018 the buildings were demolished. The next month, it was announced that the hotel for the project would be part of the Autograph Collection by Marriott International.


1105 West Peachtree, History
In December 2018, Selig announced that construction on the project would begin in January of the following year. That same month, the project signed on its first tenants, a law firm relocating from Promenade II. By April 2019, condominiums at the property were being sold, with an opening scheduled for Spring 2021. In October, Cushman & Wakefield, acting for Selig, secured $340 million from The Blackstone Group, covering much of the budget, which by this time had risen to approximately $530 million.


1105 West Peachtree, History
That same month, it was announced that Google was planning to occupy around 400,000 square feet (37,000 m2) of office space, making them an anchor tenant for the project. The project held its official groundbreaking on October 28, 2019. By December 2019, specifications for the project had changed slightly, with plans for 675,000 square feet (62,700 m2) of office space, a 178-room hotel, and 64 condominiums. In January 2020, Brasfield & Gorrie were announced as the project's general contractor, and that same month, the raised plaza, which will serve as a connecting deck between the two buildings, topped out.


1105 West Peachtree, History
On February 19, a tower crane at the construction site became unstable and started to lean due to a mechanical failure, causing authorities to close several nearby roadways as the crane was disassembled. Several nearby apartment buildings and parking garages were also evacuated.


1105 in Italy, Sources
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1106
Year 1106 (MCVI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1106 Cydonia
1106 Cydonia (/saɪˈdoʊniə/), provisional designation 1929 CW, is a Eunomian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 13 kilometers (8 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 5 February 1929, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in Germany. The asteroid was named for the fruit-bearing tree Cydonia (quince). The S-type asteroid has a relatively short rotation period of 2.7 hours.


1106 Cydonia, Orbit and classification
Cydonia is a member of the Eunomia family (502), a prominent family of stony asteroids and the largest one in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 members. It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.3–2.9 AU once every 4 years and 2 months (1,528 days; semi-major axis 2.60 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.13 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its first and official discovery observation at Heidelberg in February 1929.


1106 Cydonia, Physical characteristics
In the SMASS classification, Cydonia is a stony S-type asteroid, in-line with the Eunomia family's overall spectral type.


1106 Cydonia, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
In December 2015, a rotational lightcurve of Cydonia was obtained from photometric observations by astronomers at the Etscorn Observatory (719) in New Mexico, United States. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 2.679 hours with a brightness variation of 0.28 magnitude (U=3). In April 2017, Spanish astronomers at Puçol Observatory (J42) and other stations of the APTOG-network measured a similar period of 2.6700 hours and an amplitude of 0.10 magnitude (U=2+).


1106 Cydonia, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Cydonia measures between 12.140 and 12.95 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1719 and 0.241.


1106 Cydonia, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.21 – derived from 15 Eunomia, the family's parent body and namesake – and calculates a diameter of 13.26 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.7.


1106 Cydonia, Naming
This minor planet was named after the genus Cydonia in the family Rosaceae, with the fruit-bearing quince tree as its only member. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 104).


1106 Cydonia, Naming, Reinmuth's flowers
Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).


11066 Sigurd
11066 Sigurd, provisional designation 1992 CC1, is a stony, rare-type asteroid and elongated contact binary, classified as near-Earth object of the Apollo group of asteroids, approximately 2.5 kilometers in diameter.


11066 Sigurd
It was discovered on 9 February 1992 by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at Palomar Observatory, California, and named after Sigurd, a hero from Norse mythology.


11066 Sigurd, Orbit and classification
Sigurd orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 0.9–1.9 AU once every 1 years and 8 months (600 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.38 and an inclination of 37° with respect to the ecliptic. A first precovery was taken at the Australian Siding Spring Observatory in 1978, and it was identified as 1987 GE at Palomar in 1987. Both observations remained unused. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Palomar in 1992.


11066 Sigurd, Orbit and classification
It has an Earth minimum orbital intersection distance of 0.1183 AU (17,700,000 km), which corresponds to 46.1 lunar distances.


11066 Sigurd, Physical characteristics
In the SMASS taxonomy, Sigurd is a relatively rare K-type asteroid, which fall into the broader stony S-complex. It has also been grouped into the common S-type asteroid. The ExploreNEOs Warm Spitzer program, using the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility on Mauna Kea Observatory in Hawaii, classifies Sigurd as a Sr-type, which transitions to the R-type asteroids.


11066 Sigurd, Physical characteristics, Contact binary
Radiometric observations at Arecibo Observatory revealed that Sigurd is a contact binary, composed of two lobes in contact with each other. The more or less ellipsoidal lobes are elongated and joined on their long axis. The body has an axial tilt of 50° to 130°. The observing astronomers also note, that more than 10% of all larger (> 200 meters) near-Earth objects observed by radar are such contact binaries.


11066 Sigurd, Physical characteristics, Photometry
Rotational lightcurves obtained from photometric observations by Petr Pravec, Brian Warner and by a group of German and Ukrainian astronomers, gave a well-defined rotation period of 8.4958 to 8.51 hours. The analysis of the constructed lightcurves also gave a high brightness amplitude between 0.97 and 1.15 magnitude, which is indicative that Sigurd has a non-spheroidal shape (U=3/3/3).


11066 Sigurd, Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Sigurd measures between 2.10 and 2.778 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.190 and 0.29, respectively. Observations by the ExploreNEOs survey give a higher albedo of 0.38. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.18 and calculates a diameter of 2.86 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 15.2, while radiometric observations of Sigurd gave an maximum dimensions of 4.2 kilometers.


11066 Sigurd, Naming
This minor planet was named after Sigurd, a legendary hero in Norse mythology. In the Völsunga saga, Sigurd rides through a ring of fire to awaken the shieldmaiden Brynhild (123 Brunhild), and later dies in a fight with Odin (3989 Odin). Sigurd is also known as the dragon-slayer Siegfried in the German poem The Song of the Nibelungs. The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 23 May 2000 (M.P.C. 40706).


1107
Year 1107 (MCVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1107 Lictoria
1107 Lictoria (prov. designation: 1929 FB) is a large Hygiea asteroid, approximately 79 kilometers (49 miles) in diameter, from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by Luigi Volta at the Pino Torinese Observatory in 1929, and named after the Fasces Lictores, Latin for "Fasci Littori", the symbol of the Italian fascist party.


1107 Lictoria, Discovery
Lictoria as first observed as A909 UB at Heidelberg Observatory on 17 October 1909. It was officially discovered on 30 March 1929, by Italian astronomer Luigi Volta at the Observatory of Turin near Pino Torinese, Italy. Three weeks later, on 17 March 1929, it was independently discovered by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg, Germany. The Minor Planet Center only acknowledges the first discoverer.


1107 Lictoria, Orbit and classification
This asteroid is a member of the Hygiea family (601), a very large family of carbonaceous outer-belt asteroids, named after the fourth-largest asteroid, 10 Hygiea. It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.8–3.6 AU once every 5 years and 8 months (2,076 days; semi-major axis of 3.18 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its first observation as A909 UB at Heidelberg in October 1909.


1107 Lictoria, Naming
This minor planet was named after the symbol of fascism used by the Italian Fascist Party. The symbol was called "Fasci Littori", or "Fasces Lictores" in Latin (derived from fasces and lictor). Several other things such as festivals (littoriali) and fast trains (littorine) were given related names during the fascist period. In particular, the Italian city of Latina was founded under the name "Littoria" in 1932. The author of the Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Lutz Schmadel, corresponded with Italian-born astronomer Paul Comba to confirm the meaning for this asteroid.


1107 Lictoria, Physical characteristics
In the Bus–Binzel SMASS classification, Lictoria is a Xc-subtype that transitions from the X-type to the carbonaceous C-type asteroids. It has also been characterized as a primitive P-type asteroid by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). The Hygiea family's overall spectral type is a mixture of C-type and somewhat brighter B-type asteroids.


1107 Lictoria, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
Several rotational lightcurve of Lictoria have been obtained from photometric observations by astronomers William Koff, Eric Barbotin, Stefano Sposetti and Matthieu Conjat, as well as Hiromi and Hiroko Hamanowa (U=2/3/2/2/3). Analysis f the best-rated lightcurve from February 2008 gave a rotation period of 8.5616 hours with a consolidated brightness variation between 0.16 and 0.30 magnitude (U=3).


1107 Lictoria, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Lictoria measures between 69.93 and 86.724 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a low albedo between 0.05 and 0.066.


1107 Lictoria, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.045 and a diameter of 78.86 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.5.


1108
Year 1108 (MCVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1108 Demeter
1108 Demeter, provisional designation 1929 KA, is a dark asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 27 kilometers (17 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 31 May 1929, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory near Heidelberg, Germany. The asteroid was named after Demeter, the Greek goddess of fruitful soil and agriculture. It has a rotation period of 9.846 hours.


1108 Demeter, Orbit and classification
Demeter is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements. Based on osculating Keplerian orbital elements, it has also been classified as a member of the Phocaea family (701), a large family of stony asteroids, different to Demeter's spectral type (see below).


1108 Demeter, Orbit and classification
It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–3.1 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,381 days; semi-major axis of 2.43 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.26 and an inclination of 25° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid was first observed at the Italian Observatory of Turin, three days prior to its official discovery observation at Heidelberg. The body's observation arc begins at Yerkes Observatory in December 1930.


1108 Demeter, Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification, Demeter's spectral type is ambiguous, closest to a carbonaceous C-type and somewhat similar to an X-type asteroid.


1108 Demeter, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
In June 2016, a rotational lightcurve of Demeter was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomers Tom Polakis and Brian Skiff at the Command Module Observatory (V02) in Tempe, Arizona. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 9.846 hours with an amplitude of 0.12 magnitude (U=3). Observations by the Spanish OBAS group, also taken during the 2016-opposition, gave a concurring period of 9.870 hours and a brightness variation of 0.11 magnitude (U=3-). The results supersede previous observations by Robert Stephens, Olivier Thizy, René Roy and Stéphane Charbonnel from July 2001, which gave a period of 9.70 and 9.701 hours with an amplitude of 0.12 and 0.14 magnitude, respectively.


1108 Demeter, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Demeter measures between 25.285 and 31.33 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a low albedo between 0.0229 and 0.05.


1108 Demeter, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0464 and a diameter of 25.61 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.91.


1108 Demeter, Naming
This minor planet was named from Greek mythology after Demeter, the goddess of fruitful soil and agriculture. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 104).


1108 Demeter, Naming, Conflict with Ceres
Demeter is the Greek equivalent of the Roman goddess Ceres. When main-belt asteroid and dwarf planet 1 Ceres was named, the Greeks called it "Demeter" effectively translating the name into Greek, rather than using the Latin Ceres or the original Italian Cerere. However, this created a problem when asteroid Demeter was named. The Greeks resolved this by using the classical form of the name, Δημήτηρ Dēmêtēr, for the new asteroid, distinguishing it from the Modern Greek form Δήμητρα Dêmētra that had been used for 1 Ceres. This conflict did not occur in Greek-influenced Slavic languages such as Russian, which had adopted Cerera for 1 Ceres, and were thus free to use the modern Greek form Demetra for the asteroid Demeter.


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1108th Signal Brigade
The 1108th Signal Brigade is a United States Army unit responsible for running much of the Raven Rock Mountain Complex and providing strategic communication support to the White House and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It was based at Fort Ritchie, but was recommended to be transferred to Fort Detrick, Maryland during the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure.


1108th Signal Brigade
On 16 October 2003, the 1108th Signal Brigade at Fort Detrick, Maryland was re-designated the 21st Signal Brigade.


1109
Year 1109 (MCIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1109 Tata
1109 Tata, provisional designation 1929 CU, is a dark Hygiean asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 69 kilometers (43 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 5 February 1929, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in Germany. The meaning of the asteroids's name is unknown.


1109 Tata, Orbit and classification
Tata is a member of the Hygiea family (601), a very large family of carbonaceous outer-belt asteroids. The family's parent body and namesake is the main belt's fourth-largest asteroid, 10 Hygiea. It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.9–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 10 months (2,117 days; semi-major axis of 3.23 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.


1109 Tata, Orbit and classification
The asteroid was first observed as 1925 QE at Simeiz Observatory in March 1925. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in March 1929, one month after its official discovery observation.


1109 Tata, Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification, Tata has an ambiguous spectral type, closest to the rare F-types and somewhat similar to the common carbonaceous C-type asteroids. It has also been characterized as a primitive P-type asteroid by the space-based Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE).