142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Mexican Expedition
The Mexican Expedition was a military operation conducted by the United States Army against the paramilitary forces of Francisco "Pancho" Villa from 1916 to 1917. The expedition was in retaliation for Villa's illegal incursion into the United States and attack on the village of Columbus, Luna County, New Mexico, during the Mexican Revolution. The United States Army Center of Military History officially refers to the campaign as "the Mexican Expedition". The official beginning and ending dates are 14 March 1916 and 7 February 1917.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Mexican Expedition
National Guard units from Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico had been called into service on 8 May 1916. With congressional approval of the National Defense Act of 1916 on 3 June 1916, National Guard units from the remainder of the states and the District of Columbia were also called for duty on the border. By mid-June President Wilson had called out more than 110,000 National Guard for border service. None of the National Guard troops would cross the border into Mexico but were used instead as a show of force.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Mexican Expedition
In July 1916, the entire Arkansas National Guard was mobilized for federal service on the Mexican border. Arkansas units began to assemble immediately at Fort Roots, near Little Rock. Of the 2,078 Guardsmen that answered the call, only 1,208 passed the new physical standards for entry into federal service. The Arkansas troops received orders on 29 June to move to Deming, New Mexico in order to replace regular troops joining the actual expedition into Mexico and prepare if Mexico reacted to the incursion.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Mexican Expedition
The Arkansas troops were not engaged in Mexico and returned to Little Rock in February, mustering out of service 19–24 February at Fort Logan H. Roots. This mobilization of the National Guard along the Mexican border was the training ground for many future leaders of the Arkansas National Guard. Many of the officers who led Arkansas National Guard units in the early years of World War I and World War II began their service on the Mexican border. The 2nd Arkansas Infantry was mustered into federal service between 6–9 July 1916 at Fort Logan H. Roots, Arkansas; and mustered out of federal service on 9 March 1917 at Fort Logan H. Roots, Arkansas.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Mobilization
When the United States declared war on Germany 6 April 1917, less than two months had passed since the last Arkansas National Guard units completed mustering out from duty on the Mexican border. By 4 April 1917 the 2nd Arkansas Regiment was on 48-hour standby, but had not received mobilization orders. On 18 May 1917 the Arkansas National Guard was notified that on 5 August 1917 the Guard as a whole would be called into federal service.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Mobilization
The Arkansas National Guard was initially informed that its units would be assigned to the 18th Division, along with the states of Mississippi and Louisiana, and the state was directed to raise one regiment of infantry, one regiment of field artillery, and one outpost of company signal corps. The men of the Arkansas National Guard trained hard after hearing the news. Intensified cross-country hiking, drilling, and maneuvering were evident when the men took sack lunches and marched into Little Rock for the Memorial Day parade with all other troops stationed at Ft. Root.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Mobilization
By 16 July 1917 the 2nd Arkansas Infantry included the following units:


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Mobilization
On 18 July 1917 the Arkansas National Guard was assigned to Alexandria, Louisiana, for training as the 18th Division. Alexandria, Louisiana, is the location of Camp Beauregard. The camp was named after General P. G. T. Beauregard, C.A.A.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Mobilization
The 2nd and 3rd Infantry Regiments were examined for federal service on 6 August 1917 at Ft. Brough (located on the Capitol grounds). The regiments, under the control of General Wood, were sent to Ft. Roots and moved to Camp Pike by 24 August 1917. The commander of the supply company of the 3rd Arkansas received instructions from the Augusta Arsenal to go into the open market and buy mess kits to complete the needed equipment for the new regiments.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Movement to Camp Beauregard
In late September 1917, the Arkansas National Guard moved by train to Camp Beauregard in Alexandria, Louisiana. The trip took about fourteen hours.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Re-numbering and loss of state designations
The Arkansas troops were demobilized after their transfer to Camp Beauregard, and reorganization of the troops was made under a new national numbering system. The 18th Division was redesignated as the 39th Division. At this time all National Guard Units were stripped of their state designations and re-numbered under a new federal numbering system:


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Re-numbering and loss of state designations
When the 2nd Arkansas Infantry Regiment was changed to artillery, their blue hat cords were changed to red, and their collar insignia was changed from the crossed rifles to crossed cannon. But the big change was from the rifle to the six-inch howitzer, which was used in shelling enemy positions. It took eight horses to pull one of the big cannons. After several months of classroom training, the 142nd began live fire on the horse-drawn 4.7 inch weapon in April 1918. After two and one-half months in the field conducting live-fire training, the 142nd was certified for overseas service.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Re-numbering and loss of state designations
Sickness was a problem for the men from Arkansas. Measles in the latter part of October 1917 kept the men from drilling. Regardless, in January 1918 the National Guard Reserve was transferred to the active list. Also in the same month, Alexandria, Louisiana, was placed off limits, and soldiers could not visit other regiments because of an outbreak of meningitis. Soldiers were instructed in the use of deadly gases and then exposed to tear gas. The off limits lasted until 6 March 1918 for the soldiers concerning Alexandria. The soldiers complained about the bugs and were anxious to go to France. By March 1918 the soldiers had received new Enfield rifles. In early October 1918, Camp Beauregard was struck with Spanish influenza which led into lobar pneumonia. All available facilities were used when the hospitals became overcrowded.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Re-numbering and loss of state designations
Arkansas troops passed in review for the first time in February for Arkansas Adjutant-General England, and the entire 39th Division passed in review in April for the Governors of Mississippi and Louisiana. On the day after the parade, the Arkansas soldiers learned that they could not vote outside of the state of Arkansas. If they could return to their local residence before or on the voting date, they could vote according to the Attorney-General's opinion.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Deployed to France
In the summer if 1918, the need for replacements for the divisions already engaged in combat drove the army to offer the enlisted soldiers of the 39th Division the choice to volunteer to deploy early or to remain in training with the Division. Many soldiers, concerned that they might miss the opportunity to prove themselves in combat, volunteered, thus June 1918 marked the arrival in France of twenty percent of the enlisted personnel of the 142nd Field Artillery.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Deployed to France
The number of volunteers had been limited to not more than twenty per cent of each organization, and the officers could not accompany their troops, but had to remain at Camp Beauregard with the remainder of the division still in training. At Camp Beauregard the division was brought to full strength by the arrival of troops from Camp Zachary Taylor (men from the states of Ohio, Illinois, and Kentucky.)


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Deployed to France
It took twelve months for the 39th Division organization to reach France, where it remained for three months. The 142nd Field Artillery Regiment sailed for France 31 August 1918 and arrived 7 September. After arrival in France, the 142nd drew equipment and began training on the tractor-drawn 155 mm howitzer. The 142nd was certified for combat 8 November 1918, and the Armistice was signed on the 11th, preventing the 142nd from participating in combat.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Deployed to France
In March 1919 the 1st Battalion, 142nd Artillery, 39th Division was acting as a school battalion for the entire artillery forces of the American Expeditionary Forces with their headquarters at Valdahon, France.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Demobilization
The 142nd stayed in France to conduct tests and exercises to develop techniques for motorized artillery battalions and won a commendation for efficient performance. In May 1919 word reached Little Rock that the 142nd Field Artillery (old 2nd Arkansas) was doing convoy duty with the Army of Occupation and a segment was still firing for the Artillery School at Camp Valdahon. It was not until early June when the 142nd Field Artillery left France on the transport Amphion to arrive 15 June 1919 at Newport News, Virginia.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War I, Demobilization
On the train trip to Little Rock, the 142nd Field Artillery was asked to march in a parade in Atlanta. This they were proud to do. On 21 June 1919, the group arrived at Camp Pike. On the following day the 142nd Field Artillery was featured in a big parade in Little Rock and then treated to a big show and picnic in the park.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Between the World Wars
In 1921, the 142nd Field Artillery Regiment was constituted in the National Guard as a 75 mm gun regiment, assigned to the GHQ Reserve, and allotted to the state of Arkansas. On 2 July 1923, the unit was placed on the Deferred National Guard list and redesignated as the 419th Field Artillery Regiment (DNG). It was withdrawn from the National Guard and demobilized on 17 September 1927 without ever being organized. On 16 June 1931, the state was authorized to reconstitute the 142nd Field Artillery. in the GHQ Reserve.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Between the World Wars
Several of the new 142nd batteries were organized from the 206th Coast Artillery. On 13 July 1931, the allotment of the regiment was changed from 75 mm guns to 155 mm howitzers, and because of the inability of the state of Nebraska to maintain the 35th Division's 155 mm howitzer regiment as was originally envisioned, the 142nd Field Artillery Regiment was assigned to the 35th Division as its heavy field artillery regiment on the same date.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Between the World Wars
On 3 April 1936, the war department authorized the creation of the 2nd Battalion, 142nd Field Artillery as follows:


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Between the World Wars
On 6 March 1937, the War Department authorized the creation the following additional units for the 142nd Field Artillery Regiment:


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Between the World Wars
The former Company B, 2d Regiment of Infantry, was reorganized and federally recognized on 4 December 1923 in the Arkansas National Guard at Fayetteville as Battery A, 206th Artillery (Coast Artillery Corps). It was redesignated on 22 April 1924 as Battery A, 206th Coast Artillery. It converted and was redesignated on 3 September 1931 as Battery A, 142d Field Artillery.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War II
On 21 October 1940, the 142nd Field Artillery Regiment was relieved from assignment to the 35th Division and assigned to the GHQ Reserve. The 142nd Field Artillery Regiment was ordered to active federal service 6 January 1941 and moved to Fort Sill, Oklahoma, where the 3rd Battalion was disbanded. In February the regiment moved to Camp Bowie, Texas and began extensive training. On 25 February 1943, the 142nd Field Artillery Regiment was disbanded. The headquarters was redesignated the 142nd Field Artillery Group, the 1st Battalion became the 936th and the 2nd became the 937th. These were independent battalions equipped with the 155 mm howitzer.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War II
The 142nd Field Artillery Group left Camp Bowie 25 September 1943 and arrived in England on 3 November 1943. It crossed Utah Beach 10 June 1944 and participated in the European offensive with up to five battalions attached. When the war ended the 142nd Field Artillery Group was twenty-five miles from the Elbe River.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War II
The 936th Field Artillery Battalion left Camp Bowie 9 August 1943, arrived in Algiers 2 September 1943 and landed in Naples, Italy 11 November 1943. It participated in the drive across the Rapido River, the liberation of Rome and the assault on Mount Cassino. When the war ended the 936th was across the Po River, about forty-five miles from Venice. It had fired 139,364 rounds in combat and was awarded battle streamers for the following campaigns:


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, World War II
The 937th Field Artillery Battalion left Camp Bowie on 10 August 1943, arrived in Algiers 2 September 1943 and landed in Naples, Italy 11 November 1943. It participated in the drive across the Rapido River and the liberation of Rome. It then prepared for and participated in the amphibious landings in southern France on 15 August 1944. One of the vessels carrying the 937th FAB was hit by a German bomber, resulting in one killed in action, two missing in action, eighty-three wounded and the loss of the fire-direction equipment and one battery of howitzers. The 937th fired over 200,000 combat rounds and was awarded battle streamers for the following campaigns:


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Reorganization following World War II
Following World War II, the 142nd Field Artillery Group was reorganized in the Arkansas Guard, consisting of 6 battalions: 3 artillery battalions and 3 antiaircraft artillery battalions.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Korean War
The Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 142nd FA Group consolidated with Battery B, 936th Field Artillery Battalion, and the consolidated unit reorganized and was federally recognized on 24 October 1946 at Fayetteville as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 142d Field Artillery Group. It was ordered into active federal service on 3 September 1950 at Fayetteville. It was released on 17 December 1954 from active federal service and reverted to state control.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Korean War
The 936th Field Artillery Battalion mobilized 2 August 1950 and moved to Camp Carson, Colorado for training. It arrived in Korea 10 February 1951 and fired its first combat mission 30 March 1951. The unit provided fire support to 3rd Infantry Division 25th Infantry Division and 1st Republic of Korea Division as well as the 1st Cavalry Division. The battalion was awarded battle streamers for the following campaigns: First United Nations (UN) Counteroffensive; CCF Spring Offensive; UN Spring Offensive; UN Summer-Fall Offensive; and Second Korean winter. The 936th fired 348,547 combat rounds in Korea and suffered ten killed in action and twenty-eight wounded in action. The battalion was inactivated 25 September 1954.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Korean War
The 937th Field Artillery Battalion was mobilized on the same day as the 936th and moved to Fort Hood, Texas for training. It arrived in Korea on the same ship as the 936th and fired its first combat mission 3 April 1951. The battalion went into line with the I Corps on 30 April near Uijongbu, Korea. During the Chinese Spring Drive, the battalion fell back to Seoul and was moved to IX Corps. Battery A continued with X Corps and was attached to the 1st Marine Division.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Korean War
On 17 May 1952 the battalion was attached to 2nd Infantry Division, IX Corps. For the action with 2nd Division, Battery C and Headquarters Battery received the Distinguished Unit Citation. The battalion continued in general support to IX Corps from 28 July 1953 until 9 October 1954. The battalion was awarded battle streamers for the following campaigns: First U.N. Counteroffensive; CCF Spring Offensive; UN Spring Offensive; UN Summer-Fall Offensive; Second Korean Winter; Korea, Summer-Fall 1952; Third Korean Winter and Korea, Summer 1953. The 937th fired 223,400 combat rounds in Korea and suffered thirteen killed in action and 156 wounded in action. The battalion was inactivated 26 November 1954.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Cold War
Following the Korean War, the 936th Field Artillery Battalion and the 937th Field Artillery Battalion were reorganized and redesignated as the 1st and 2nd Battalions, 142nd Field Artillery. The 142nd Field Artillery was ordered into active federal service, along with all other Arkansas National Guard troops in the state on 24 September 1957 at Fayetteville in support of the Little Rock Central High School integration crisis. The unit remained at home stations and did not deploy to Little Rock during the Central High crisis. The unit was released on 23 October 1957 from active federal service and reverted to state control.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Cold War, Reorganization of 1959
In accordance with General Order Number 4, dated 29 May 1959, the 142nd Field Artillery was reorganized as follows:


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Cold War, Reorganization of 1963
The Headquarters was redesignated on 1 June 1959 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 142d Artillery Group. In 1963 the group was expanded to include five battalions. However the 3rd Battalion, became an element of the 39th Infantry Division Artillery.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Cold War, Reorganization of 1967
On 2 November 1967, in accordance with National Guard Bureau Memo NG-AROTO 1002-01, the 142nd Field Artillery Group was again reorganized, to consist of the 1st and 2nd Battalions, with the 3rd, 4th and 5th Battalions being reorganized and redesignated as follows:


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Cold War, Reorganization of 1967
The Headquarters was again redesignated on 1 May 1972 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 142d Field Artillery Group, and on 1 May 1978 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 142d Field Artillery Brigade.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Cold War, Reorganization of 1967
The 142nd Field Artillery Brigade was ordered into active Federal service 2 June 1980 at Fayetteville; released on 3 June 1980 from active Federal service and reverted to state control.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Operation Desert Storm
The 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, Arkansas Army National Guard, with a battalion from Oklahoma, received the alert notification on 15 November 1990 and entered active federal service on 21 November 1990 at Fayetteville. The 142nd mobilized, trained, and was validated at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. The 142nd deployed as a whole to support Operation Desert Storm. It was the only National Guard field artillery unit to serve in this capacity.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Operation Desert Storm
The brigade deployed to Saudi Arabia on 15 January 1991, was attached to the VII Corps, supported the 1st Infantry Division during breaching operations, and supported the 1st United Kingdom Armored Division during the ground campaign. It was released on 11 September 1991 from active federal service and reverted to state control.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Operation Desert Storm
The Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 142nd Field Artillery Brigade was consolidated on 30 September 1996 with Headquarters Detachment, 937 Signal Battalion, and the consolidated unit was designated as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 142d Field Artillery Brigade.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Multi-National Stabilization Force
In December 1997, the Meteorology Section of HHB, 142nd Field Artillery Brigade deployed to Bosnia as part of the Multinational Stabilization Force, in order to assist with the enforcement of the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (UNMIBH).


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Multi-National Stabilization Force
In 2005, Battery A, 1–142nd was also mobilized and deployed to Kosovo in support of the Multinational Stabilization Force.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism
Since the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, every unit in the 142nd Field Artillery Brigade has been deployed in support of the ongoing Global War on Terrorism.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Noble Eagle
2nd Battalion, 142nd Field Artillery, and the Headquarters and Headquarters Service Battery of the 1st Battalion, 142nd Field Artillery were mobilized in 2002 and 2003 in support of Operation Noble Eagle to provide security at critical sites within the United States.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Noble Eagle
During 2002–2003, 2–142nd Field Artillery units mobilized in support of security operations in critical areas around Arkansas and Louisiana. Battery C, 2–142nd deployed to Fort Polk, Louisiana. Battery B, 2–142nd deployed to Fort Huachuca, and Battery A, 2–142nd deployed to Pine Bluff, Arkansas.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Noble Eagle
In June 2004 Headquarters and Headquarters Service Battery of the 1st Battalion, 142nd Field Artillery mobilized in support of security operations for Army depots located at Pine Bluff, Arkansas, and Pueblo, Colorado.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Iraqi Freedom
The 142nd Fires Brigade has mobilized multiple units in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 142nd Fires Brigade deployed to Iraq March 2007 through March 2008 to provide command and control of fire-support assets near Tikrit, Iraq.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Iraqi Freedom
Battery B, 1–142nd was deployed to Iraq in November 2005 after completing its required three months of training for deployment in Fort Lewis, Washington. Upon deployment, Battery B, 1–142nd were attached to the 43rd Military Police Brigade then came under the command of the 16th Airborne Brigade during the latter months of deployment. Battery B was sent to FOB Grizzly (Ashraf) to conduct FOB essential missions such as convoy escort, area security patrols, desert LP/OPs, and TCP/ECP.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Iraqi Freedom
In February 2006 Battery B, 1–142nd was assigned to the infamous prison at FOB Abu Ghraib, leaving behind its 3rd platoon in FOB Grizzly to conduct convoy escorts. In May 2006 3rd platoon rejoined the rest of the battery in Abu Ghraib after many convoy escort missions resulting in no equipment or personnel lost. In July 2006 Battery B, 1–142nd played an essential role in the closure of the prison in Abu Ghraib, the transfer of detainees to and the opening of Camp Cropper.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Iraqi Freedom
Battery B, returned from deployment in Iraq in October 2006 with no KIAs and sustaining 4 wounded after completing many dangerous missions. Many soldiers from Battery B were awarded CABs (Combat Action Badge) during the deployment. The Meritorious Unit Commendation for "Exceptionally Meritorious Service" during Operation Iraqi Freedom was awarded to Battery B.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Iraqi Freedom
Battery C, 1–142 deployed to Baghdad, Iraq on 19 March 2006 after 3 months of training at Fort Dix, New Jersey. The unit was responsible for the base defense and force protection of Camp Cropper until 18 February 2007 when they transferred authority to the 198th FA out of the KY NG. C Battery was responsible for three perimeter towers, four quick reaction force (QRF) patrols and two entry control points (ECP). C Battery also performed area security and escorts for Kellogg, Brown and Root (KBR) outside the Victory Base Complex. All members of C Battery also performed two to three-week rotations at Abu Ghraib prison, to support 3–321 Field Artillery in base defense of Abu Ghraib.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Iraqi Freedom
2–142nd received an alert order for mobilization in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom in March 2006. The battalion, minus Charlie Battery, and the 937th Forward Support Company mobilized in July 2006 with duty as a Security Force (SECFOR) unit in Kuwait. 2nd Battalion moved to Camp Shelby, Mississippi in July 2006 and conducted training there until October 2006. The unit deployed to Kuwait and was stationed at Camp Patriot, Kuwait Naval Base and Camp Arifjan. HHB and Alpha Battery were stationed at Camp Patriot with Alpha providing security at Camp Patriot. HHB provided an Area Reaction Force (ARF) covering Southern Kuwait to include Kuwait City. Bravo Battery was stationed at Camp Arifjan and provided security for the port of Ash Shu'aybah, also called the SPOD/E or Sea Port of Debarkation/Embarkation. The units redeployed in October 2007.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Iraqi Freedom
Battery C, 2–142nd mobilized in November 2006 with training at Camp Shelby Mississippi. They deployed to Camp Behring, Kuwait for training and forward movement. Battery C's mission was convoy escort SECFOR based out of Tallil Iraq. Charlie Battery completed over 350 convoy escort missions, safely moving over 20,000 white trucks loaded with supplies, food, and fuel from their base at Tallil to as far north as LSA Anaconda and as far west as Taqqaddam. In those 350 plus missions, they had a total of 144 engagements with the enemy, the most of any element in their task force.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Iraqi Freedom
These attacks included forty-six Improvised Explosive Device (IED) detonations, forty-eight IED discoveries, twenty-nine small arms fire attacks, seven complex attacks, and eight rocket-propelled grenade (RPG) or indirect fire (IDF) rocket attacks. The average soldier in Battery C conducted approximately fifty-three missions while either, driving, gunning, or as the truck commander with an average of two thousand miles per month. The unit put over 792,000 hard miles on their Convoy Protection platforms, and close to 4 million miles on the trucks they escorted. Battery C known by their call sign "Cold Steel" performed one of the most dangerous missions in this theater, engaging the enemy, and ultimately being awarded 152 combat action badges. They redeployed in February 2008.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Iraqi Freedom
On 1 October 2007 the 217th Brigade Support Battalion of the 142nd Fires Brigade mobilized in support of the 39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team's (Arkansas) latest deployment to Iraq. Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Company A, 217th, and Company B, 217th deployed to conduct missions ranging from convoy escort, base defense and garrison command. The 217th redeployed in December 2008 only a few days prior to Christmas.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Katrina and humanitarian operations
Elements from every unit in the 142nd Field Artillery Brigade deployed in support of relief operations in the wake of two of the deadliest hurricanes to ever hit the United States. On 1 September 2005 units from the 142nd Field Artillery Brigade conducted simultaneous operations in support of relief efforts to those devastated by Hurricane Katrina.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Katrina and humanitarian operations
In Arkansas, elements of the 142nd mobilized to supported efforts at Fort Chaffee Maneuver Training Center (FCMTC) to house and feed thousands of displaced civilians from the Gulf Coast region.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, The Global War on Terrorism, Operation Katrina and humanitarian operations
Other 142nd units mobilized and conducted convoy operations arriving in New Orleans, Louisiana on 2 September 2005. The 142nd Field Artillery Brigade officially took command of the Arkansas contingent located in New Orleans in November 2005. Elements of the brigade remained in New Orleans through the end of February 2006 when the National Guard completed its historic six-month operation. Arkansas was one of the first states to respond to this natural disaster and the last state to withdraw from Louisiana. Operation Katrina was one of the largest humanitarian efforts conducted by the National Guard, involving units from all fifty states and four territories.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Fallen soldiers, World War I
There are no recorded combat-related deaths in the 142nd Field Artillery for World War I.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Fallen soldiers, World War I
PVT Robert Jack, service number 1601995 was KIA during the Battle of St. Mihiel, France. He died as a member of D Battery, 150th F.A., 42nd Division. He was part of the 20% that was assigned to the 142nd F.A.. He deployed on the USS Saxon 28 June 1918 from Battery B, Camp Beauregard F.A. Sheet 6 of the HQ Port of Embarkation, Hoboken NJ, and Page 11 of the List of Mothers and Widows of American Soldiers Sailors and Marines entitled to Make a pilgrimage to the war cemeteries in Europe.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Fallen soldiers, World War II, 936th Field Artillery Battalion
The 936th sustained one officer and six enlisted soldiers killed and one officer and twenty-seven enlisted soldiers wounded.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Fallen soldiers, World War II, 936th Field Artillery Battalion
The 937th sustained one officer and thirteen enlisted soldiers killed and 126 soldiers wounded.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Fallen soldiers, Korea, 936th Field Artillery Battalion
The battalion suffered a total of ten killed and twenty-eight wounded during the war including:


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Fallen soldiers, Korea, 936th Field Artillery Battalion
The battalion suffered a total of thirteen killed and 156 wounded during the war including:


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Troy Galloway, Commander, Commander 142nd Fires Brigade, October 2011 to Present


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Keith A. Klemmer, Commander 142nd Fires Brigade, June 2008 – October 2011


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Russell D. Graves, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, August 2002 – July 2005


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL George "Mike" Ross, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, July 2000 – July 2002


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Kim Kimmey, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, July 1998 – June 2000


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Norman J. Cox, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, August 1996 – June 1998


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL James R. Pennington, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, September 1993 – July 1996


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Charles J. Linch, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, December 1990 – August 1993. COL Linch commanded the brigade during its deployment to the Persian Gulf in support of Operation Desert Storm.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Bobby H. Armistead, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, August 1986 – November 1990


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Richard L. Holt Jr., Commander 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, November 1983 – July 1986


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Howard N. Riggs, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, March 1980 – October 1983


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Edwin E. Lee, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Brigade, March 1976 – February 1980


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Bernard A. Gunter, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Group, April 1971 – February 1976


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
LTC Edwin E. Lee, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Group, February 1971 – March 1971


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL William L. Bush, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Group, February 1966 – January 1971


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Thomas E. Douglas, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Group, July 1960 – January 1966


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Lincoln M. Cummings, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Group (Rear), May 1953 – July 1960


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Robert Q. Brown, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Group (Forward), October 1953 – May 1954


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
MAJ Clinton E. Meadows, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Group (Rear), September 1952 – April 1953


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL William C. Smith, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Regiment, October 1946 – December 1952


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Jerome F. Thompson, Commander 142nd Field Artillery Regiment, January 1941 – June 1945. COL Thompson served as the regimental commander during combat actions across Europe in World War II.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Ebenezer L. Compere, Commander 142 Field Artillery, May 1937 – December 1940


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Samuel B. Scott, Commander 142 Field Artillery, April 1936 – May 1937


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL William G. Ownbey, Commander 142nd Field Artillery, May 1918 – June 1919. He commanded 142nd soldiers as part of America's expeditionary forces during World War I.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Henery E. Stroupe, Commander 142nd Field Artillery, 17 October – 18 April. COL Stroupe was the first commander of the newly formed regiment.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Henery E. Stroupe, Commander 2nd Arkansas Infantry, 24 October July 1905 – October 1918.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Virgil Y. Cook, Commander 2nd Arkansas Volunteer Infantry, 1897–1899


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Colonel James B. Dent, Commander 2nd Arkansas Infantry, 1896–1897


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Commanders
COL Lancelot Minor, Commander, 2nd Regiment, Arkansas State Guard, 1894-1895


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Heraldry
Description:   A gold color metal and enamel device 1+1⁄8 inches (2.9 cm) in height consisting of a shield blazoned: Or, on a pile Gules between six gunstones pilewise above a Korean Taeguk Proper, a lozenge of the first bearing a fleur-de-lis of the second. Attached below the shield a Red scroll inscribed "TRY TO STOP US" in Gold letters.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Heraldry
Symbolism:   Scarlet and yellow (gold) are the colors used for Artillery and a gunstone is symbolic of a missile. The fleur-de-lis refers to the unit's service in France, World War I. The pile alludes to an arrowhead and with the fleur-de-lis represents the organization's assault landing in Southern France, World War II, the gunstones symbolizing the unit's participation in six other campaigns in Europe. The Taeguk refers to the first U.N. counteroffensive campaign in the Korean War, and the gunstones are again used to denote the six other campaigns. The lozenge simulates a diamond and refers to Arkansas, denoting the Army National Guard of the State.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Heraldry
Background:   The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 142d Artillery Regiment on 9 March 1972. It was redesignated for the 142d Field Artillery Regiment on 28 August 1972.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Heraldry
Shield: Or, on a pile Gules between six gunstones pilewise above a Korean Taeguk Proper, a lozenge of the first bearing a fleur-de-lis of the second.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Heraldry
Crest:   That for the regiments and separate battalions of the Arkansas Army National Guard: On a wreath of the colors Or and Gules above two sprays of apple blossoms Proper a diamond Argent charged with four mullets Azure, one in upper point and three in lower, within a border of the last bearing twenty-five mullets of the second.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Heraldry
Shield:   Scarlet and yellow (gold) are the colors used for Artillery and a gunstone is symbolic of a missile. The fleur-de-lis refers to the unit's service in France, World War I. The pile alludes to an arrowhead and with the fleur-de-lis represents the organization's assault landing in Southern France, World War II, the gunstones symbolizing the unit's participation in six other campaigns in Europe. The Taeguk refers to the first U.N. counteroffensive campaign in the Korean War, and the gunstones are again used to denote the six other campaigns. The lozenge simulates a diamond and refers to Arkansas, denoting the Army National Guard of the State.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Heraldry
Crest:   The crest is that of the Arkansas Army National Guard.


142nd Field Artillery Regiment, Heraldry
Background:   The coat of arms was originally approved for the 142d Artillery Regiment on 23 December 1971. It was amended to correct the blazon of the crest on 30 March 1972. It was redesignated for the 142d Field Artillery Regiment on 28 August 1972.


142nd Fighter Wing
The 142nd Wing is a unit of the Oregon Air National Guard, stationed at Portland Air National Guard Base, Oregon. The 142nd Fighter Wing was re-designated the 142nd Wing as of March 6, 2020.


142nd Fighter Wing
As a state militia unit, the 142nd Wing is not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. It is under the jurisdiction of the Oregon Air National Guard unless it is federalized by order of the President of the United States. If activated to federal service, the wing is gained by the United States Air Force Air Combat Command.


142nd Fighter Wing
The 123rd Fighter Squadron assigned to the wing's 142nd Operations Group, is a descendant organization of 123rd Observation Squadron, formed on 30 July 1940. It is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.


142nd Fighter Wing
The 142nd Wing is also home to the 125th Special Tactics Squadron (STS), which conducts a wide array of special forces operations both domestically, and internationally. According to the 125th STS mission statement, the squadron is "poised for full spectrum rapid response to all crises and contingencies at home or abroad". Additionally, the 125th STS is one of only two Special Tactics Units in the Air National Guard. The inclusion of the 125th STS under the Wing led to the organization re-designating itself as the 142nd Wing in order to better articulate the varied capabilities of the organization.


142nd Fighter Wing, Overview
The 142nd Wing participates around the globe supporting drug interdiction, United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) air defense, as well as contingency operations such as Operations Noble Eagle, Enduring Freedom, and Iraqi Freedom. The wing serves the nation, state, and community by providing mission-ready units, personnel, and equipment for:


142nd Fighter Wing, Overview
Today the fighting "Redhawks" continue service as a component of the total force flying the F-15C/D, providing air defense and air superiority capabilities. With more than 1,000 officers and Airman, the unit guards the Pacific Northwest skies from northern California to the Canada–US border, on 24-hour alert as part of the North American Air Defense (NORAD) system.


142nd Fighter Wing, Units
To complete these missions, four groups are assigned to the 142nd Fighter Wing


142nd Fighter Wing, Units
In addition, Portland Air National Guard Base in Portland, Oregon is host to several tenant units as well as the Air Force Reserve 304th Rescue Squadron.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, World War II
Formed at Westover Field, Massachusetts in August 1943, the 371st Fighter Group trained in the mid-Atlantic area, and moved to the European theater during February and March 1944, serving in combat with 9th Air Force from April 1944 to May 1945.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, World War II
During this time, the 371st Fighter Group began operations, using P-47 fighter aircraft over France. This involved dive-bombing, and escort missions prior to the invasion of Europe. Additionally, the 371st attacked railroads, trains, vehicles, gun emplacements, and buildings in France during the invasion on June 6, 1944. The Fighter Group also patrolled beachhead areas and continued its assaults against the enemy during the remainder of the Normandy campaign. This included participation in the aerial barrage that prepared the way for the Allied breakthrough at St Lo on July 25, and supported the subsequent drive across northern France.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, World War II
Operated in the area of northeastern France and southwestern Germany during the fall and winter of 1944–1945, attacking such targets as storage dumps, trains, rail lines, marshalling yards, buildings, factories, bridges, roads, vehicles, and strong points. Conducted operations that supported Allied ground action in the Battle of the Bulge, December 1944– January 1945. Launched a series of attacks against vehicles, factories, buildings, railroad cars, tanks, and gun emplacements during the period 15–21 March 1945, being awarded a DUC for this six-day action that contributed to the defeat of the enemy in southern Germany.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, World War II
Continued operations until May 1945. Returned to the US, October and November 1945 and inactivated.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Oregon Air National Guard
The wartime 371st Fighter Group was re-activated and re-designated as the 142nd Fighter Group, and was allotted to the Oregon Air National Guard, on 24 May 1946. It was organized at Portland Municipal Airport, Oregon, and was extended federal recognition on 30 August 1946 by the National Guard Bureau. The 142nd Fighter Group was bestowed the history, honors, and colors of the 371st Fighter Group. The group's 123rd Fighter Squadron was equipped with P-51D Mustangs and was assigned to the Fourth Air Force, Air Defense Command.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Korean War activation
The group was federalized and brought to active duty on March 2, 1951. It was assigned to the Air Defense Command Western Air Defense Force. Afterwards, it was then reassigned to the federalized Washington Air National Guard's 142nd Fighter-Interceptor Wing in April 1951, and moved to O'Hare International Airport, Chicago, Illinois, by May of the same year. The organization was then re-designated as the 142nd Fighter-Interceptor Group on May 1, 1951. At O'Hare International Airport, the 142nd Fighter Group controlled the 62nd Fighter-Interceptor Squadron flying F-86A Sabre interceptors.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Korean War activation
The group was inactivated on 6 February 1952, being replaced by the 4706th Air Defense Wing.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Cold War
Resuming its peacetime mission of the air defense of Oregon, Air Defense Command (ADC) upgraded the groups capabilities by allocating the F-94A Starfire all-weather interceptor. With this new aircraft, the mission of the 123rd Fighter-Interceptor Squadron changed from day interceptor to day and night all-weather interceptor. In 1957 the 123rd again upgraded to the improved F-89J Scorpion, and again upgraded to the supersonic F-102A Delta Dagger in 1966. In the summer of 1958, the 142nd implemented the ADC Runway Alert Program, in which interceptors of the 123rd Fighter-Interceptor Squadron were committed to a five-minute runway alert 24/7. The runway alert continues to this day.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Cold War
In 1972 it received the Mach-2 F-101B Voodoo. As an example of the unit's readiness and capability, in 1976, the unit won top honors at a pair of Aerospace Defense Command (ADC) competitions, the Weapons Loading Competition and the famous William Tell Air Defense Competition. In William Tell 1976, the 142nd garnered first place in the F-101 category and Lieutenant Colonel Don Tonole and Major Brad Newell captured the overall "Top Gun" title flying the McDonnell F-101B Voodoo.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Cold War
After the inactivation of Aerospace Defense Command in 1979 and the reassignment to Tactical Air Command (ADTAC), the 123rd began receiving F-4C Phantom II aircraft used in the interceptor mission beginning in 1981. Success came again at William Tell 1984 when the unit placed first in the F-4 category flying the McDonnell-Douglas F-4C Phantom II and beat many of its F-15 Eagle and F-106 Delta Dart rivals in the overall competition. Majors Ron Moore and Bill Dejager were the overall F-4 "Top Guns" of the competition.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Cold War
In 1985, as part of the retirement of the F-4C from the inventory, the Oregon Air National Guard began to receive F-15A Eagles from active-duty units receiving the upgraded F-15C. Since the end of the Cold War, the 142nd has served as the principal air defense unit of the Pacific Northwest. In 1992, as part of a large USAF reorganization, both the group and squadron were re-designated yet again as the 142nd Fighter Group and the 123rd Fighter Squadron, respectively. In 1995 the group was elevated to wing status, beginning its current designation as the 142nd Fighter Wing.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Cold War
The wing participated in a wide variety of expeditionary and humanitarian assistance missions in the turbulent post-Cold War environment while providing air defense of the Pacific Northwest. These included major deployments to Turkey in 1998 for Operation Northern Watch and to Saudi Arabia in 2000 for Operation Southern Watch. The wing deployed aircraft to Panama in 1998 in support of counter-drug missions, helping stem the flow of the drug trade by air. Wing personnel deployed on various other missions, sending medical troops to Belize, civil engineers to Macedonia, and to such places around the globe as Curaçao, Denmark, Germany, Guam, Kuwait, Spain and the United Kingdom.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
On September 11, 2001, the wing was one of the first units to respond to the terrorist attacks on the east coast with increased air defense to enhance security on the west coast, and subsequently participated in Operation Noble Eagle.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
In the 50th Year of William Tell Anniversary Competition held in 2004, the 142nd Fighter Wing was rated first in maintenance, element attack and gun categories. These William Tell successes demonstrate Oregon's long history of excellent performance and readiness to accomplish the real world mission.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
In 2004, unit personnel provided humanitarian aid in the wake of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and the 2007 floods in Vernonia, Oregon. The wing also supported ongoing contingency operations in Southwest Asia, including Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom, such as in the 2004 deployment of medical personnel to Qatar and the 2009 deployment of Security Forces Squadron personnel to Iraq.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
In 2005, the early 1970s F-15A model were retired and the squadron received its current aircraft, the F-15C Eagle. With more than 1,000 officers and airmen, the 142nd Fighter Wing guards the Pacific Northwest skies from northern California to the Canada–US border, on 24-hour Air Sovereignty Alert as part of Air Combat Command the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD). The wing also stands ready to participate in state and federal contingency missions as required.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
The base was selected by the 2005 BRAC to close. Eleventh-hour negotiations between the political delegations from the states of Washington and Oregon saved the base from closure. Ironically the argument made by several groups to save the base was that of the NORAD mission it performed and the air cover it provided for the Pacific Northwest was essential to homeland security. However, the 2005 BRAC commission recommended keeping a small detachment in place at the base in order to support NORAD but close all other operations. As part of the recommendations of the 2005 BRAC, the Air Force Reserve Command's 939th Air Refueling Wingwhich was also located on the Portland Air National Guard Station was forced to terminate operations.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
On June 26, 2007, an F-15 Eagle from the 142nd Fighter Wing crashed into the Pacific Ocean during a simulated dogfight. Two F-15s from the 142nd were flying with two F/A-18 Hornets from Naval Air Station Fort Worth Joint Reserve Base performing dissimilar air combat training. The United States Coast Guard performed a search using two HH-60 Jayhawks, two Coast Guard Cutters, and one HC-130 Hercules. The night of the crash, the pilot, Major Gregory Young's body was found 40 miles west of Cannon Beach, Oregon. The crash was due to unrecognized spatial disorientation, which caused the pilot to misperceive his attitude, altitude, and airspeed until his aircraft impacted the water.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
In August 2010, two F-15 Eagles from the 142nd Fighter Wing were dispatched to Seattle, Washington, during a visit by President Barack Obama. The aircraft were scrambled due to a civilian aircraft violating protected airspace established for the President's visit. The jets produced two sonic booms over the Seattle skyline, the civilian Cessna 182 left restricted airspace before the jets arrived.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
On August 10, 2018, two F-15C's from the 142nd, both originally Massachusetts Air National Guard fighters on a "swap" to the Oregon Air National Guard, intercepted a stolen Horizon Air Bombardier Q400 turboprop over Seattle. The fighters armed with live AIM-9 Sidewinder and AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles, intercepted and escorted the plane away from populated areas before it crashed on Ketron Island, near McChord Air Force Base.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
In June 2019, the 142nd Fighter Wing celebrated 30 years of flying the F-15 aircraft. Due in part to the organizations increased familiarity with the aircraft, the 142nd Wing was selected as one of the first operational wings to receive the F-15 EX "Eagle II" fighter jet. The aircraft is slated to arrive sometime in 2024, or 2025.


142nd Fighter Wing, History, Global War on Terrorism
On February 2021 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Governor Kate Brown activated the Oregon National Guard to help administer the COVID-19 vaccine to the public. As part of this effort, members of the 142nd Medical Group worked to administer the vaccine at the Oregon Convention Center mass vaccination site.


142nd Georgia General Assembly
The 142nd Georgia General Assembly succeeded the 141st and served as the precedent for the 143rd General Assembly in 1995. The 142nd General Assembly of the U.S. state of Georgia convened its first session in January 1993, at the Georgia State Capitol in Atlanta.


142nd Illinois Infantry Regiment
The 142nd Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was among scores of regiments that were raised in the summer of 1864 as Hundred Days Men, an effort to augment existing manpower for an all-out push to end the war within 100 days.


142nd Illinois Infantry Regiment, Service
The 142nd Illinois organized at Freeport, Illinois, as an eight-company battalion. At Camp Butler, Illinois, two companies were added, and regiment was mustered into Federal service on June 18, 1864, for a one-hundred-day enlistment. The 142nd Illinois guarded the Memphis and Charleston Railroad in the vicinity of Memphis, Tennessee.


142nd Illinois Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment was mustered out of service on October 27, 1864, at Chicago, Illinois.


142nd Illinois Infantry Regiment, Total strength and casualties
The regiment suffered 30 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 30 fatalities.


142nd Indiana Infantry Regiment
The 142nd Indiana Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment from Indiana that served in the Union Army between November 3, 1864, and July 14, 1865, during the American Civil War.


142nd Indiana Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment was recruited at Fort Wayne and organized at Indianapolis, Indiana, with a strength of 1,015 men and mustered in on November 3, 1864. It left Indiana for Nashville, Tennessee, on November 18 was assigned post duty there until July 1865. The regiment was attached to the 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 20th Corps and was left behind when the Corps marched into Georgia with Major General Sherman's Army.


142nd Indiana Infantry Regiment, Service
With the 2nd Brigade, the regiment was in reserve at the Battle of Nashville on December 15–16, 1864. It occupied the left of the inner line of defense from the Cumberland River to Fort Negley. After the battle, the regiment remained at Nashville until it was mustered out on July 14, 1865. During its service the regiment incurred sixty-four fatalities, another twenty-eight deserted and twenty-two men unaccounted for.


142nd Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 142nd Infantry Regiment is an infantry regiment in the U.S. Army National Guard. 2nd Battalion, 142nd Infantry carries the regiment's legacy as a unit of the 56th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, 36th Infantry Division. Eleven of its members have been decorated with the United States highest award for bravery, the Medal of Honor.


142nd Infantry Regiment (United States)
Members of the 142nd arriving as reinforcements tipped the Battle for Castle Itter in favor of a combined U.S. Army/Wehrmacht defense against a Waffen SS attack, the only time German and American forces fought side-by-side in World War II.


142nd Infantry Regiment (United States), History
The 142nd Infantry Regiment was constituted 5 May 1917 as 7th Infantry Regiment, Texas National Guard.


142nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Blazon
Azure, a fess wavy Gules fimbriated Argent, issuant in chief the shell-torn church steeple at St. Etienne, France, of the third.


142nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Blazon
That for the regiments and separate battalions of the Texas Army National Guard:  On a wreath of the colors Argent and Azure, a mullet Argent encircled by a garland of live oak and olive Proper. Motto "I'll Face You"


142nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Symbolism
The shield is blue for Infantry. The wavy fess symbolizes the Aisne River, where the regiment's outstanding achievements took place during World War I; it also symbolizes the Red River separating the States of Texas and Oklahoma, from which states were drawn the units composing the 142d Infantry, Texas Army National Guard – the 7th Texas and Machine Gun Company. The church at St. Etienne, France, was in the sector where the regiment received its baptism of fire.


142nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Symbolism
First Lieutenant Donald J. McLennan, D.S.C., scout officer of the 1st Battalion, 142nd Regiment Infantry, led a patrol across the Aisne River into the enemy country on 8 October 1918 and secured information of vast importance to the regiment. As he returned, under heavy fire, to the south bank of the Aisne River with his patrol, he was the last man to cross and would not cross with his back to the enemy. Instead, he backed across the foot-log, shaking his fist and shouting to the enemy "We’re going back, but I’ll face you."


142nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Symbolism
The coat of arms was approved on 27 June 1928.


142nd Infantry Regiment (United States), Medal of Honor recipients
The 142nd Infantry Regiment has had eleven United States Medal of Honor recipients:


142nd New York Infantry Regiment
The 142nd New York Infantry Regiment (aka "St. Lawrence County Regiment") was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


142nd New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The 142nd New York Infantry was organized at Ogdensburg, New York, beginning August 14, 1862 and mustered in for three-years service on September 29, 1862 under the command of Colonel Roscius W. Judson.


142nd New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment was attached to 3rd Brigade, Abercrombie's Division, Defenses of Washington, D.C., to February 1863. 3rd Brigade, Abercrombie's Division, XXII Corps, Department of Washington, to April 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, VII Corps, Department of Virginia, to May 1863. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, IV Corps, to July 1863. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, XI Corps, Army of the Potomac, to August 1863. 1st Brigade, Gordon's Division, Folly Island, South Carolina, X Corps, Department of the South, to January 1864. 1st Brigade, Gordon's Division, Northern District, Department of the South, to April 1864.


142nd New York Infantry Regiment, Service
1st Brigade, 2nd Division, X Corps, Army of the James, Department of Virginia and North Carolina, to May 1864. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, XVIII Corps, to June 1864. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, X Corps, to December 1864. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, XXIV Corps, to January 1865. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, Terry's Provisional Corps, Department of North Carolina, to March 1865. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, X Corps, Army of the Ohio, Department of North Carolina, to June 1865.


142nd New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The 142nd New York Infantry mustered out June 7, 1865. Recruits and veterans were transferred to the 169th New York Infantry.


142nd New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Left New York for Washington, D.C., October 6, 1862. Duty in the defenses of Washington, D.C., until April 1862. Moved to Suffolk, Va., April 19. Siege of Suffolk, Va., April 20-May 4. Siege of Suffolk raised May 4. Expedition to Kings and Queens County May 15 (1 company). Dix's Peninsula Campaign June 24-July 7. Ordered to Washington, D.C., July 10. Pursuit of Lee to Berlin, Md., July 13–22. Moved to Folly Island, S.C., August 1–8.


142nd New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Siege operations against Forts Wagner and Gregg, Morris Island, S.C., and against Fort Sumter and Charleston, S.C., August 9-September 7. Operations against Charleston and duty at Folly Island, Johns Island, and Hilton Head, S.C., until April 1864. Expedition to Johns and James Islands February 6–14, 1864. Skirmishes at Bugbee's Bridge February 9 and 11. Ordered to Yorktown, Va., April 1864. Butler's Campaign on the south side of the James River and operations against Petersburg and Richmond May 4–28. Occupation of City Point and Bermuda Hundred May 5. Swift Creek or Arrow field Church May 9–10.


142nd New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Operations against Fort Darling May 12–16. Battle of Drewry's Bluff May 14–16. Bermuda Hundred May 16–28. Moved to White House, then to Cold Harbor May 28–31. Battles about Cold Harbor June 1–12. Before Petersburg June 15–18. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond June 16, 1864 to December 7, 1864. Mine Explosion, Petersburg, July 30. Duty in trenches before Petersburg and on the Bermuda Hundred front until September 27. Battle of Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights, September 28–30. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27–28. Duty in trenches before Richmond until December. Expedition to Fort Fisher, N.C., December 7–27. 2nd


142nd New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Expedition to Fort Fisher, N.C., January 3–15, 1865. Assault and capture of Fort Fisher January 15. Cape Fear entrenchments February 11–13. Fort Anderson February 18–19. Capture of Wilmington February 22. Carolinas Campaign March 1-April 26. Advance on Goldsboro March 6–21. Advance on Raleigh April 9–13. Occupation of Raleigh April 14. Bennett's House April 26. Surrender of Johnston and his army. Duty at Raleigh until June.


142nd New York Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 292 men during service; 3 officers and 126 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 2 officers and 161 enlisted men died of disease.


142nd New York State Legislature
The 142nd New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 1 to June 16, 1919, during the first year of Al Smith's governorship, in Albany.


142nd New York State Legislature, Background
Under the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1894, re-apportioned in 1917, 51 Senators and 150 assemblymen were elected in single-seat districts; senators for a two-year term, assemblymen for a one-year term. The senatorial districts consisted either of one or more entire counties; or a contiguous area within a single county. The counties which were divided into more than one senatorial district were New York (nine districts), Kings (eight), Bronx (three), Erie (three), Monroe (two), Queens (two) and Westchester (two). The Assembly districts were made up of contiguous area, all within the same county.


142nd New York State Legislature, Background
At this time there were two major political parties: the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. The Socialist Party, the Prohibition Party and the Socialist Labor Party also nominated tickets.


142nd New York State Legislature, Elections
The New York state election, 1918, was held on November 5. This was the first election at which women had the right to vote, and the right to run for elective offices. Two women were elected to the State Assembly: Ida B. Sammis (Rep.) and Mary M. Lilly (Dem. ).


142nd New York State Legislature, Elections
Al Smith and Harry C. Walker were elected Governor and Lieutenant Governor, both Democrats. The incumbent Governor Charles S. Whitman ran on the Republican and the Prohibition tickets for re-election, but was defeated by Smith in a tight race, with a plurality of about 15,000 votes out of more than two million.


142nd New York State Legislature, Elections
The other five statewide elective offices up for election were carried by the Republicans. The approximate party strength at this election, as expressed by the vote for Governor, was: Democrats 1,010,000; Republicans 956,000; Socialists 122,000; Prohibition 39,000; and Socialist Labor 5,000.


142nd New York State Legislature, Elections
In New York City, where in November 1917 ten Socialists had been elected to the Assembly by pluralities in three-way races, Republicans and Democrats combined to stem the "red flood", and nominated joint candidates in most of the "Socialist" districts. Thus they managed to outpoll the Socialists in eight of the ten districts; only two Socialists, August Claessens and Charles Solomon, managed to get elected.


142nd New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for the regular session at the State Capitol in Albany on January 1, 1919; and adjourned on April 19.


142nd New York State Legislature, Sessions
J. Henry Walters (R) was elected president pro tempore of the State Senate.


142nd New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for a special session at the State Capitol in Albany in the evening of June 16. This session was called to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution which established women's suffrage. The amendment was ratified by a vote of 44 to 0 in the Senate, and 137 to 0 in the Assembly. State Senator Henry M. Sage—who was an outspoken opponent of women's suffrage–was, on his request, excused from voting because "he did not care to vote against it, but could not possibly vote to ratify." The Legislature also passed four bills concerning the housing situation in New York City; and adjourned after four hours.


142nd New York State Legislature, State Senate, Members
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. Peter J. McGarry, Kenneth F. Sutherland, Daniel F. Farrell, Jeremiah F. Twomey and Burt Z. Kasson changed from the Assembly to the Senate.


142nd Ohio Infantry Regiment
The 142nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, sometimes 142nd Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry (or 142nd OVI) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


142nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 142nd OVI was organized at Camp Chase in Columbus, Ohio, and mustered in May 13, 1864, for 100 days' service under the command of Colonel William Craig Cooper.


142nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment moved to Martinsburg, West Virginia, May 14, 1864; then to Washington, D.C., May 19. Duty at Fort Lyon, near Alexandria, Virginia, until June 3. Attached to 2nd Brigade, DeRussy's Division, XXII Corps. Embarked at Alexandria, Virginia, for White House, Virginia, June 7. Duty guarding supply trains through the Wilderness to the front near Cold Harbor, Virginia, June 9–14. Moved to Point of Rocks, Virginia, and duty there until August 19.


142nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 142nd OVI mustered out of service September 2, 1864, at Camp Chase.


142nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Ohio National Guard
Over 35,000 Ohio National Guardsmen were federalized and organized into regiments for 100 days' service in May 1864. Shipped to the Eastern Theater, they were designed to be placed in "safe" rear areas to protect railroads and supply points, thereby freeing regular troops for Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant’s push on the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. As events transpired, many units found themselves in combat, stationed in the path of Confederate Gen. Jubal Early’s veteran Army of the Valley during its famed Valley Campaigns of 1864. Ohio Guard units met the battle-tested foe head on and helped blunt the Confederate offensive thereby saving Washington, D.C. from capture. Ohio National Guard units participated in the battles of Monacacy, Fort Stevens, Harpers Ferry, and in the siege of Petersburg. The 142nd OVI did not participate in any battles.


142nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost 43 men during service; 1 officer and 42 all due to disease.


142nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
The 142nd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was a volunteer infantry regiment that fought in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment primarily served in the Army of the Potomac in the Eastern Theater and was heavily engaged in the first day of fighting at Gettysburg.


142nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
The regiment was organized in August 1862, with Robert P. Cummins as colonel, Alfred B. McCalmont as lieutenant colonel, and John Bradley as major. It was sent to Washington, D.C., where it built fortifications. After a couple of weeks, it was sent to Frederick, Maryland, where it performed garrison duties.


142nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
In October, it became part of the 2nd Brigade of the Pennsylvania Reserves. At the Battle of Fredericksburg, the regiment formed part of the force which briefly pierced the Confederate right, losing 250 out of 550 men, including Major Bradley, who was mortally wounded. After the battle, the Reserves division was sent back to Washington, and the regiment was reassigned to the 1st Brigade, Third Division, I Corps.


142nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
At the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, the unit fought first on McPherson's Ridge and then on Seminary Ridge before being driven back to Cemetery Hill only after being outflanked by Confederate North Carolina divisions on its left and right flanks. Only 140 men had made it back to Union lines, and Colonel Cummins was mortally wounded. During the next two days, the 142nd was only lightly engaged. After the battle, the regiment became part of the 3rd Brigade, Fourth Division, V Corps.


142nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
In September 1864, Horatio N. Warren was promoted to colonel of the regiment. It fought throughout the Overland Campaign and the Siege of Petersburg, mostly against the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad. After the surrender at Appomattox Court House, the regiment participated in the Grand Review of the Armies in Washington and was mustered out on May 29, 1865.


142nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The casualty information presented above is as inscribed on the back of the 142nd's monument on the battlefield at Gettysburg National Military Park in Adams County, Pennsylvania. According to Fox's Regimental Losses, the 142nd PVI suffered the ninth highest percentage of combat fatalities in the entire Union army.


142nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Reenactors
A group portraying Company G is based in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. As of 2017 it is affiliated with the .


142nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Reenactors
Company G Administrative Officers 2018President - Rudy MuellerSecretary/Treasurer - Mark Tramontina Field Commander - Robert Conger Another group, portraying   2015-08-15 at the Wayback Machine, is based in the Gettysburg, Pennsylvania area and is affiliated with the Federal Volunteer Brigade, 2nd Regiment. Company F boasts members in four states (Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, and Virginia) and in 2018 is celebrating 20 years of re-enacting.


142nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Reenactors
Company F Administrative officers 2018: President - Rich KeyesVice President - John FraterrigoSecretary/Treasurer - Brian PetcashCivilian Coordinator - Hillary KeyesField Commander - Bryon BlackNewsletter Editor - Keith MacGregorCompany F publishes a monthly newsletter entitled   2015-08-15 at the Wayback Machine. The newsletter is in its 20th year of publication.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps
The 142nd (Suffolk) Regiment Royal Armoured Corps (142 RAC) was an armoured regiment of the British Army's Royal Armoured Corps that was raised in World War II and saw active service. The regiment served in the final stages of the North African Campaign at Tunisia and later served during the Italian Campaign from 1943 until early 1945 when it was disbanded.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Origin
The 142nd Regiment RAC was formed on 22 November 1941 by the conversion to the armoured role of the 7th Battalion, Suffolk Regiment, a war-raised infantry battalion that was formed in June 1940 and serving with the 210th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home). In common with other infantry units transferred to the Royal Armoured Corps, all personnel would have continued to wear their Suffolk Regiment cap badge on the black beret of the Royal Armoured Corps.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Origin
The establishment of a tank regiment being smaller than that of an infantry battalion, there were 161 men surplus to establishment who were transferred to other units, including 53rd and 59th battalions of the Reconnaissance Corps, the remainder of the men going to the 30th Battalion, Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Training
142 RAC was assigned to the 25th Army Tank Brigade, alongside the North Irish Horse and 51st RTR. and was initially equipped with Matilda II and Churchill infantry tanks, later standardising on Churchills.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Training
On 4 July 1942, the regiment was ordered to mobilise for overseas service, but nothing came of this.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Training
On 4 August, the Commanding Officer, Lt-Col R.H. Maxwell (Suffolk Regiment) was promoted to Acting Brigadier to command 25th Tank Bde and the Second-in-Command, Major A.S. Birkbeck (Royal Tank Regiment) was promoted to Acting Lt-Col and took over command.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Training
The 25th Tank Brigade had been attached to 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division and based at Worthing in Sussex, but in September 1942 it changed to 1st Infantry Division in Norfolk, followed in September 1942 by a transfer to 54th (East Anglian) Infantry Division in Suffolk.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Training
On 30 December 1942, the regiment again received orders to prepare for overseas service. Some of the men had to be recalled from harvesting sugar beets.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Operations
The regiment landed at Algiers on 1 February 1943 taking part in Operation Ochsenkopf during early March and in April fought at the Battle of Mejdez-el Bab in the Tunisia. In May it took part in operations in the Tunis area.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Operations
On 20 April 1944 142 RAC landed at Naples to join the Italian campaign, and on 22 May it took part in breaching the Adolf Hitler Line.


142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, Operations
It was the Recce Troop of 142 RAC that effected the junction between British Eighth Army and US Fifth Army at Valmontone on 3 June. In July and August 1944 the regiment was in the advance to Florence, and on 28 August it took part in breaching the Gothic Line near Rimini.


142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union)
The 142nd Rifle Division began service in August, 1939 as a standard Red Army rifle division, which participated in the Winter War against Finland. It remained on the Karelian Isthmus and had a relatively uneventful war facing the Finns until the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive began on June 10, 1944, from which point it saw much more active service. Following the end of the Continuation War, the division was transferred to 2nd Shock Army in 2nd Belorussian Front. Its soldiers distinguished themselves in the capture of the German city of Graudenz and ended the war fighting through Pomerania.


142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Formation
The division began forming in August, 1939, north of Leningrad, where it would spend most of the war. On Nov. 30 the Winter War with Finland began, and the division performed creditably enough that it was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.


142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Formation
On June 22, 1941, the division was in 19th Rifle Corps of 23rd Army near the Finnish border in Leningrad Military District. Its order of battle was as follows:


142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Formation
P.S. Pshennikov, who had commanded the division in the Winter War, had been promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General and was now in command of 23rd Army. On July 31 the Finnish Army began its offensive against 23rd Army and over the following month pushed south down the Karelian Isthmus as the Russian forces conducted a fighting retreat. On Aug. 31 the front had reached general line of the 1939 Finnish-Soviet border, and the Finns halted. The 142nd would remain along this line, fighting a static war, until June, 1944.


142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Karelian Offensive
The German forces to the south of Leningrad were driven away in January, 1944. In early June, the Soviet 23rd and 21st Armies were reinforced for a reckoning with Finland. The 142nd, now in 115th Rifle Corps and under command of Col. G.L. Sonnikov, was on the extreme right flank and in first echelon of 23rd Army on the shores of Lake Ladoga. The offensive began on June 10. After initial attacks, the division advanced 9km on June 14 against the Finnish 19th Infantry Brigade, piercing the first Finnish defensive belt.


142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Karelian Offensive
The offensive slowed as Finnish resistance grew, and it wasn't until early July that the army forced its way to the Vuoksi River and cleared the south bank. An assault crossing was made by the 461st Rifle Regiment on July 9 which gained a foothold on the north bank, allowing the rest of the division to cross, and a bridgehead 7km wide and 2km deep was established. The Finnish III Army responded with reinforcements, trying to crush the bridgehead. In the end they were only able to contain it. After three days of fighting, 23rd Army went over to the defense. The Moscow Armistice brought the fighting to a halt, leaving the 142nd available for the assault on Germany.


142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance Into Germany
After spending October rebuilding in Stavka reserves, the 142nd was transferred to the 98th Rifle Corps, where it would remain for the duration. That corps was, in turn, transferred to 2nd Shock Army, which was placed under command of Marshal K.K. Rokossovsky in 2nd Belorussian Front. The division would remain under these commands for the duration as well.


142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance Into Germany
The 142nd took part in the Vistula-Oder Offensive, advancing on the right flank of its Front. During this overall offensive it also participated in the East Pomeranian Offensive, and distinguished itself in the capture of the city of Graudenz on Mar. 6, 1945. Seven officers and men were named as Heroes of the Soviet Union for this victory, and the division received the city's name as an honorific. The division finished the war along the Baltic coast in west Pomerania, with the official designation: 142nd Rifle, Graudenz, Order of the Red Banner Division. (Russian: 142-я стрелковая Граудзендзкая Краснознамённая дивизия.)


142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance Into Germany
Feskov et al 2013 notes the division disbanded in the Northern Group of Forces in Poland in summer 1945, in accordance with Stavka VGK Order No. 11097 dated 29 April 1945.


142nd meridian east
The 142nd meridian east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, Australasia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


142nd meridian east
The 142nd meridian east is the estimated location of the boundary between Spain and Portugal (as per the Treaty of Zaragoza) signed on 22 April 1529. Consequently, at Possession Island 142°24'E, just before sunset on Wednesday 22 August 1770, Captain Cook declared the coast to be British territory in the name of King George III. The Coast to the west was already Dutch territory.


142nd meridian east
The 142nd meridian east forms a great circle with the 38th meridian west.


142nd meridian east, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 142nd meridian east passes through:


142nd meridian west
The meridian 142° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


142nd meridian west
The 142nd meridian west forms a great circle with the 38th meridian east.


142nd meridian west, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 142nd meridian west passes through:


143 (EP)
143 is an extended play/mixtape by American recording artist Tiffany Evans. The EP was released on February 12, 2013 under Tiffany's recording label Little Lady Entertainment. It produced two singles: "U Got a Woman" and "If You Love Me", both released in 2012.


143 (album)
143 is the debut studio album by British pop duo Bars and Melody. It was released in the United Kingdom on the 21 August 2015. The album peaked at number 4 on the UK Albums Chart. The album includes the singles "Hopeful", "Keep Smiling" and "Stay Strong".


143 (album), Singles
"Hopeful" was released as the lead single from the album on 27 July 2014. The song peaked at number 5 on the UK Singles Chart. "Keep Smiling" was released as the second single from the album on 16 February 2015. The song peaked at number 52 on the UK Singles Chart. "Stay Strong" was released as the third single from the album on 5 April 2015. The song peaked at number 53 on the UK Singles Chart.


143 (film)
143 is a 2004 Indian Telugu-language romantic action film directed, written, and produced by Puri Jagannadh, starring Sairam Shankar and Samiksha in the lead roles. Nagendra Babu, Brahmanandam, Dharmavarapu Subramanyam, Asha Saini, Brahmaji, M. S. Narayana and Ali play supporting roles.


143 (film)
The film was released on 27 August 2004. The movie introduces Sairam Shankar, brother of director Puri Jagannadh as the lead actor. The soundtrack of the movie was composed by Indian music director Chakri.


143 (film), Plot
Siddu (Sairam Shankar) is a carefree boy-next-door. Sanjana (Samiksha) is a doting sister of four elder brothers. Siddu is like a family member in Sanjana's household. One fine day, Sanjana elopes with Siddu. And fate separates them. Sanjana goes into the protective hands of naxalites. Siddu lands up in the house of a journalist (Flora Saini). Siddu thinks Sanjana is dead. Sanjana thinks Siddu is no more. The rest of the story is all about how fate unites them again.


143 (number)
143 (one hundred [and] forty-three) is the natural number following 142 and preceding 144.


143 (number), In mathematics
143 is the sum of seven consecutive primes (11 + 13 + 17 + 19 + 23 + 29 + 31). But this number is never the sum of an integer and its base 10 digits, making it a self number.


143 (number), In mathematics
Every positive integer is the sum of at most 143 seventh powers (see Waring's problem).


143 (number), In mathematics
143 is the difference in the first exception to the pattern shown below:


143 Adria
Adria (minor planet designation: 143 Adria) is a fairly large main-belt asteroid that was discovered by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa on 23 February 1875, at the Austrian Naval Observatory, and named after the Adriatic Sea, on the coast of which the discovery was made. This dark-coloured asteroid has probably a primitive carbonaceous chondritic composition.


143 Adria
One occultation by Adria has been reported so far, from Japan on August 21, 2000. A somewhat spherical shape measuring 98 × 86 km was observed.


143 Adria
Photometric observations of this asteroid made during 2008 at the Organ Mesa Observatory in Las Cruces, New Mexico gave an irregular light curve with a period of 22.005 ± 0.001 hours and a brightness variation of 0.08 ± 0.01 in magnitude.


143 BC
Year 143 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Pulcher and Macedonicus (or, less frequently, year 611 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 143 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


143 Records
143 Records is the record label of producer David Foster. 143 is a sub-label of Warner Records and Atlantic Records. The numbers 1-4-3 are derived from the words "I love you."


143 Records, History
When record producer David Foster signed a deal with Warner Bros. in 1995, it enabled him to start 143 Records. Foster gave the responsibility for running the label to manager Brian Avnet. One of the label's first signing was Irish folk-rock band The Corrs.


143 Records, History
In 1997 Foster and Avnet concluded "logo labels" like 143 were in a "bad spot". Foster sold the label back to Warner and then became senior vice-president at the corporation.


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force
The 143 Squadron "Phoenix" of the Republic of Singapore Air Force currently operates twelve F-16 Fighting Falcon Block 52. Based in Tengah Airbase, the squadron's motto is "We Dare".


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, History
143 Squadron was formed on 15 February 1975 in Changi Air Base. Operations first started on 1 April 1975 with 9 A-4Bs and 13 pilots. The first singaporean instructors and pilot were sent for training on the new aircraft to NAS Lemoore, California. They returned to Singapore in 1974 to form the nucleus of 2 new squadrons, namely No. 142 (Gryphon) and No. 143(Phoenix), with the latter actually being the first to achieve operational status in 1975.


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, History
The squadron moved to Tengah Air Base on 26 Aug 1975. On the 1st January 1976, 143 Squadron was nationalized with Cpt Ronald Lim Tze Chiow as the new commander taking over from Maj Kao Pi Ti, a Taiwanese expatriate.


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, History
The year 1989 was a memorable year for the Squadron as it became the first squadron to receive the re-engined A-4SU Skyhawks. On 1 March 1989, 143 Squadron was officially inaugurated as the first Super Skyhawk Squadron by BG (Res) Lee Hsien Loong. Later in the year, it won the Best Fighter Squadron.


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, History
The emblem of 143 sqn was changed to a phoenix resting on the blunt edge of the sword on 1 March 1989. The bird on the new emblem is more aggressive-looking than the previous one, to match the improved capabilities of the skyhawk, and also to uphold the motto of the Phoenixians - "We Dare"!


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, History
In the following year, 143 Squadron had to honour to form the Black Knights aerobatics display team which made its debut performance at the Asian Aerospace 1990 under the CO then Teo Shi Onn. The squadron operated the A-4SUs until the squadron was deactivated momentarily in 1997.


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, History
The F16C/D Fighting Falcons were inaugurated into 143 SQN on 27 Oct 2000. The ceremony was officiated by RADM (NS) Teo Chee Hean, Minister for Education and 2nd Minister for Defence.


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, Information
The squadron insignia is based on a mythical bird. A phoenix with only one of its kind, that after living five or six centuries in the Arabian Desert that rises from the ashes with renewed youth to live through another cycle.


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, Information
This is especially true for 143 Squadron as it was deactivated in 1997, after flying the A-4 Skyhawks since 1974, and then re-activated in 2000 to fly the newly acquired F-16C/D Fighting Falcons.


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, Information
The tail is adorned with a yellow & black checkered tailband. The squadron's logo is centered with the serial number on the base of the tail.


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, Motto
The motto of the squadron, "We Dare" aptly describes the people in the Squadron as they face any challenge with daring, courage and resilience, just like the Phoenix.


143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force, Achievements
The squadron won the Best Fighter Squadron in the following years: 1989, 1990, 2017 and 2020.


1430
Year 1430 (MCDXXX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1430 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 1430 kHz: 1430 AM is a regional broadcast frequency, as classified by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission and the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission.


1430 K Street
1430 K Street is a high-rise building located in the United States capital of Washington, D.C. The building was constructed in 2005 and its construction was completed in 2006. On its completion, the building rose to 150 feet (46 m), featuring 12 floors. The building serves as an office and parking garage.


1430 K Street
This was the first office building in the Washington downtown to be fully sold as a condominium. Non -profit associations and lobbying groups like the American Educational Research Association are buying floors of the building to replace their previous brownstone town houses which are not now suitable to be modern offices.


1430 K Street
The architect of the building was Alkridge, who designed the post modern design of the building. Alkridge was selected to design the building by NEST and Totah Venture, marketing organizations. Before 1430 K Street was built, two buildings were demolished in order for the construction of this building to take place.


1430 Somalia
1430 Somalia, provisional designation 1937 NK, is a stony background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 July 1937, by astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. It was named for the African country of Somalia.


1430 Somalia, Orbit and classification
Based on the hierarchical clustering method, Somalia is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population (Nesvorný), as well as a core member of the Astraea family (Milani and Knežević). It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.1–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 1 month (1,495 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.


1430 Somalia, Orbit and classification
The asteroid was first identified as 1929 RQ at Simeiz or Lowell observatories in September 1929. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Johannesburg in 1937.


1430 Somalia, Physical characteristics, Lightcurves
In 2011, two rotational lightcurves of Somalia were obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer René Roy, and by astronomers at the Bassano Bresciano Observatory (565) in Italy. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 6.910 and 6.913 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.40 and 0.45 magnitude, respectively (U=3-/3).


1430 Somalia, Physical characteristics, Lightcurves
In 2016, a modeled lightcurve was derived from various photometric database sources, giving a concurring sidereal period of 6.90907 hours. The modelled lightcurve also determined two spin axis of (297.0°, 42.0°) and (128.0°, 47.0°) in ecliptic coordinates.


1430 Somalia, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Somalia measures between 8.77 and 9.674 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1436 and 0.31.


1430 Somalia, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 10.79 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.2.


1430 Somalia, Naming
This minor planet was named after the country of Somalia, located in the Horn of Africa. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 February 1980 (M.P.C. 5181).


1430 in Ireland, Events
Ulick Ruadh Burke , became 5th lord of Clanricarde (died 1485)


1430s
The 1430s decade ran from January 1, 1430, to December 31, 1439.


1430s BC
The 1430s BC is a decade which lasted from 1439 BC to 1430 BC.


1430s in art
The decade of the 1430s in art involved some significant events.


1430s in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).


1430s in poetry, Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1430s in poetry, Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:


1431
Year 1431 (MCDXXXI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1431 Luanda
1431 Luanda, provisional designation 1937 OB, is a stony Eunomian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 29 July 1937, by South African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. The asteroid was named after the city of Luanda.


1431 Luanda, Orbit and classification
Luanda is a member of the Eunomia family (502), a prominent family of stony S-type asteroid and the largest one in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 members. It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.1–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,549 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 14° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Johannesburg in 1937.


1431 Luanda, Physical characteristics
Luanda has been characterized as a L/S-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS photometric survey. The LCDB assumes it to be a common stony S-type asteroid, in-line with the family's overall spectral type.


1431 Luanda, Physical characteristics, Rotation period
In December 1997, a rotational lightcurve of Luanda was obtained from photometric observations at the Félix Aguilar Observatory in Argentina . Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 5.360 hours with a brightness variation of 1.0 magnitude (U=2). In January 2007, French amateur astronomer René Roy obtained a period of 4.141 hours with an amplitude of 0.77 magnitude (U=9-). A high brightness amplitude indicates that the body has an elongated rather than spherical shape.


1431 Luanda, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Luanda measures 13.61 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.36.


1431 Luanda, Physical characteristics, Diameter and albedo
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for Eunomian asteroids of 0.21 – derived from 15 Eunomia, the parent body of this family – and calculates a diameter of 13.88 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.6.


1431 Luanda, Naming
This minor planet was named after the city of Luanda, capital of Angola. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 February 1980 (M.P.C. 5182).


1431 in France
This is the current revision of this page, as edited by BrownHairedGirl (talk | contribs) at 17:54, 19 June 2020 (use Template:Year in France header, which needs no parameters and applies categories, replaced: {{yearbox|  in?= in France| }} → {{Year in France header}}). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.


1431 papal conclave
The 1431 papal conclave (March 2–3) convened after the death of Pope Martin V and elected as his successor cardinal Gabriele Condulmer, who took the name Eugene IV. It was the first papal conclave held after the end of the Great Western Schism.


1431 papal conclave, List of participants
Pope Martin V died on February 20, 1431. At the time of his death, there were 20 publicly known members of the College of Cardinals, but only 18 were considered to be valid electors. Fourteen of them participated in the conclave:


1431 papal conclave, List of participants
The Council of Constance confirmed the cardinals created by all three obediences of the time of the Schism. Seven participants were named cardinal by Pope Martin V, three by "Pisan" Antipope John XXIII, two by "Roman" Pope Gregory XII, one by "Roman" Pope Innocent VII and one by Antipope Benedict XIII of Avignon.


1431 papal conclave, Absentees
All the absentee electors were created by Martin V, except Pierre de Foix, who was elevated by Pisan Antipope John XXIII.


1431 papal conclave, Non-electors
Pope Martin V initiated the custom of creating cardinals without publishing their names at the time (similar to in pectore). At the time of his death the names of two of his secret nominees remained unpublished and, therefore, they were not regarded as members of the Sacred College. They were Juan Casanova, administrator of Elne, and Guillaume Ragenel de Montfort, bishop of Saint-Malo, and they both were later created again by Eugene IV. However, two cardinals also created initially in pectore but later published were not allowed to participate in this conclave, because some necessary rites had not been accomplished at the death of Martin V:


1431 papal conclave, The election of Pope Eugene IV
The Mass of the Holy Spirit was sung on Thursday March 1, 1431 by Cardinal Giordano Orsini, the Bishop of Albano, prior Cardinalium. On March 2 all cardinals present in Rome entered the conclave in Santa Maria sopra Minerva. On 2 March,  the electors prepared and subscribed the conclave capitulation. The terms of the Capitulation, which contained at least eight clauses, included:


1431 papal conclave, The election of Pope Eugene IV
The first scrutiny took place on the following day, 3 March, and ended with unanimous election of Cardinal Gabriele Condulmer, who took the name of Eugene IV. On Sunday 11 March he was solemnly crowned on the steps of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica by Cardinal Alfonso Carrillo de Albornoz of S. Eustachio, the Cardinal Protodeacon.


1432
Year 1432 (MCDXXXII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1433
Year 1433 (MCDXXXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.


1433 Geramtina
1433 Geramtina, provisional designation 1937 UC, is a stony Gefion asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle on 30 October 1937.


1433 Geramtina
The asteroid was named "Geramtina" after the sister of Swedish astronomer Bror Asplind. Geramtina has an ordinary chondritic composition and has been considered a candidate for being the parent body of the H chondrites. However, results are inconclusive, and recent HCM analysis suggest that Geramtina is a Gefionian interloper rather than a core member of the family. The asteroid has a tentative rotation period of 14 hours.


1433 Geramtina, Orbit and classification
Geramtina is a core member of the Gefion family (516), which is also known as Minerva family. However, it is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population according to Nesvorny's application of the body's proper orbital elements to the hierarchical clustering method (synthetic), suggesting that Geramtina is an interloper rather than a core member.


1433 Geramtina, Orbit and classification
It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.3–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 8 months (1,708 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.17 and an inclination of 8° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Uccle in 1937.


1433 Geramtina, Physical characteristics, Spectral type
In the SMASS classification, Geramtina is a common, stony S-type asteroid. The photometric survey by Pan-STARRS has also characterized the asteroid as an S-type.