114th Illinois Infantry Regiment, History, Nashville and Mobile
Illinois Pontoniers under Major Johnson were assigned directly to XVI Corps under A. J. Smith. The unit was present at the Battle of Spanish Fort which was evacuated by its Confederate garrison on the night of 8 April 1865. The regiment was ordered to attack Forts Tracy and Huger in pontoon boats but the Confederate garrisons already abandoned both positions. After Mobile surrendered, the unit marched to Montgomery, Alabama, reaching there on 24 April. The 114th Illinois spanned the Alabama River with a pontoon bridge and remained guarding it until 17 July, when the unit was ordered to Vicksburg.


114th Illinois Infantry Regiment, History, Nashville and Mobile
The 114th Illinois mustered out of federal service on 3 August 1865. The soldiers reached Camp Butler on 7 August and received their final pay and discharge on 15 August. The regiment lost 2 officers and 45 enlisted men killed and mortally wounded, while 4 officers and 159 enlisted men died by disease, for a total of 210 deaths. Altogether 1,613 officers and enlisted men served in the regiment during the war.


114th Illinois Infantry Regiment, Reactivation
The 114th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment Reactivated is a non-profit organization. The purpose of the organization is to "foster patriotism, the Lincoln tradition and the historic past of the United States and the State of Illinois". Members of the 114th Illinois Reactivated perform functions that are patriotic, ceremonial, civic, athletic and charitable. On 10 January 1969, the 114th was proclaimed to be reactivated by Governor Samuel H. Shapiro of Illinois.


114th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The  114th Infantry Regiment is an Infantry regiment of the New Jersey Army National Guard.


114th Infantry Regiment (United States), Campaign Participation, World War II -- EAME
Company B (Freehold) and Company D (Freehold), 1st Battalion, each additionally entitled to:


114th Infantry Regiment (United States), Decorations
Company B (Freehold) and Company D (Woodstown), 1st Battalion, each entitled to:


114th Infantry Regiment (United States), Distinctive unit insignia
Description/Blazon A Gold color metal and enamel device 1 1/8 inches (2.86 cm) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned: Argent, a saltire Azure, in chief a Taeguk of the last (Azure) and gray (the shoulder sleeve insignia of the 29th Division) and in base a four-leafed clover of the second (Azure) (the badge of the 3rd Division of the 2nd Corps, 1898). Attached above the shield from a wreath Argent and Azure a lion's head erased Or collared four fusils Gules. Attached below and to the sides of the shield a Gold scroll inscribed "IN OMNIA PARATUS" in Blue letters.


114th Infantry Regiment (United States), Distinctive unit insignia
The shield is white, the old Infantry color. The blue saltire cross represents service in the Civil War, the blue four-leafed clover in the Spanish–American War and the blue and gray Taeguk in World War I. The motto is the motto of the old 3rd New Jersey Infantry and translates to "Prepared in All Things."


114th Infantry Regiment (United States), Distinctive unit insignia
The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 114th Infantry Regiment on 29 May 1925. It was amended to correct the wording in the description of the shield on 11 June 1925. The insignia was amended to include the crest on 3 July 1961.


114th Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Symbolism
The shield is blue for the Infantry; the white saltire cross commemorates the service of the old regiment in the Civil War and the silver oak tree the service in World War I (Argonne Forest).


114th Infantry Regiment (United States), Coat of arms, Symbolism
The crest is that of the New Jersey Army National Guard.


114th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht)
114th Jäger Division (German: 114. Jäger-Division) was a light infantry division of the German Army in World War II. It was formed in April 1943, following the reorganization and redesignation of the 714th Infantry Division. The 714th Division had been formed in May 1941, and transferred to Yugoslavia to conduct anti-partisan and Internal security operations. It was involved in Operation Delphin which was an anti-partisan operation in Croatia that took place between 15 November and 1 December 1943. The objective of the mission was to destroy the Partisan elements on the Dalmatian islands off central Dalmatia.


114th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht)
The division was transferred to Italy in January 1944, to reinforce the Anzio front. It was destroyed in combat in that theater in April 1945.


114th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht), Background
The main purpose of the German jäger divisions was to fight in adverse terrain where smaller, coordinated formations were more facilely combat capable than the brute force offered by the standard infantry divisions. The jäger divisions were more heavily equipped than mountain division, but not as well armed as a larger infantry formation. In the early stages of the war, they were the interface divisions fighting in rough terrain and foothills as well as urban areas, between the mountains and the plains.


114th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht), Background
The jägers (it means hunters in German), relied on a high degree of training and slightly superior communications, as well as their not inconsiderable artillery support. In the middle stages of the war, as the standard infantry divisions were downsized, the Jäger structure of divisions with two infantry regiments, became the standard table of organization.


114th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht), Background
The 114th Jäger Division was implicated in a war crime in the village of Filetto di Camarda, when seventeen men were shot in retaliation for the killing of four German soldiers on 7 June 1944 and parts of the village were burned down. The officer in command at the time was Matthias Defregger, who became a bishop in Munich after the war and was forced to resign when investigations of the killing were reopened in 1969.


114th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht), Background
The division has been implicated in the Madonna dell'Albero massacre, Emilia-Romagna, on 27 November 1944, when 56 civilians were executed.


114th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht), Background
The division also took part in the shooting of forty civilians in Gubbio on 22 June 1944, in reprisal for a partisan attack on two officers, one of whom was killed, the other wounded.


114th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht), Background
This formation was one of those singled out in exhibit UK-66, the British report on German reprisals for Partisan activities in Italy at the International Military Tribunal war crimes trial in Nuremberg:


114th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht), Background
Evidence has been found to show that a large number of the atrocities in Italy were committed by the Fallschirm-Panzer Division 1 Hermann Göring, 1st Parachute Division, 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division and the 114th Jäger Division.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
The 114th Light Anti- Aircraft Regiment (114th LAA Rgt), was an air defence unit of the British Army's Royal Artillery during World War II. It landed on D-Day and saw action throughout the campaign in North West Europe, defending the vital port of Antwerp against Parachute mines and V-1 flying bombs.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Origin
The regiment was formed in January 1942 from the short-lived 91st Searchlight Regiment, Royal Artillery which had only been raised in the previous March as part of the rapid expansion of Britain's Anti- Aircraft (AA) defences.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Origin, 91st Searchlight Regiment
91st S/L Regiment was formed in 3rd AA Brigade at Belfast in Northern Ireland. Regimental Headquarters (RHQ) was formed on 25 March 1941 at 3rd AA Bde's HQ at Orangefield House and began assembling in April at Rathgael House, Bangor, County Down, under the command of Lt-Col Nigel Hoare.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Origin, 91st Searchlight Regiment
It received a draft of newly commissioned officers from 133rd (AA) Officer Cadet Training Unit at Shrivenham, and in the first week of May the batteries (which had all been formed on 16 January) began arriving from various AA training regiments and were deployed to their sites; 552nd S/L Bty deployed directly from 237th S/L Training Rgt at nearby Holywood. The new unit had the following organisation:


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Origin, 91st Searchlight Regiment
Nigel Walter Hoare (1902–1988) was a member of the Hoare banking family and had been commissioned into the Essex Group AA Searchlight Companies, Royal Engineers, in the Territorial Army in 1925.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Origin, 91st Searchlight Regiment
Belfast was raided several times while the regiment was forming (the Belfast Blitz); thereafter there were only rare incursions by enemy aircraft over Northern Ireland. The searchlights were deployed in clusters, but towards the end of 1941 this arrangement was changed, and the lights in Northern Ireland were redeployed singly to form a 'killer belt' to assist night-fighters. This system required fewer lights, and in November 1941 Anti- Aircraft Command decided that 91st S/L Rgt would be converted to the Light Anti- Aircraft (LAA) gun role. In December the batteries went to Holywood, where they were retrained by what was now 237th LAA Training Rgt, and surplus manpower was drafted to other units.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Origin, 114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment
The official conversion took place on 12 January 1942, when 549, 550, 552 and 553 S/L Btys were redesignated 372, 373, 374 and 375 LAA Btys respectively. After attending 17th LAA Practice Camp at Ballykinlar Camp, County Down, the new regiment, still under the command of Lt-Col Hoare, embarked for Fleetwood in Lancashire. Here it deployed to relieve 76th LAA Rgt at sites across Lancashire, with RHQ at Milnthorpe.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Origin, 114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment
The regiment was under the command of 70th AA Bde in 4th AA Division, but in May it transferred to 31st (North Midland) AA Bde of 10th AA Division in Yorkshire, with 372 Bty detached to 65th AA Bde covering Humberside. On the night of 29/30 May, assisted by searchlights, A Troop of 372 Bty at Grimsby engaged 13 enemy aircraft, and a detachment of C Trp at a site in Hull also engaged one aircraft.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Origin, 114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment
In July 1942, 114th LAA Rgt provided a cadre of experienced men to form a new 483rd LAA Bty at 212th LAA Training Rgt at Saighton Camp, then on 6 October the whole of 374 LAA Bty left to join a new 142nd LAA Rgt that was being formed nearby at Lotherton Hall. The rest of 114th LAA Rgt's batteries handed their gunsites over to 142nd LAA Rgt and left for battle training.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Mobile training
In July 1942, 114th had opened a regimental school for mobile LAA operations, but it was hampered by the lack of motor vehicles. In November and December that year the regiment underwent formal mobile training under 11th AA Bde at Leigh-on-Sea. It then moved to South Collingham in Nottinghamshire to take over operational commitments under 50th AA Bde.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Mobile training
However, on 12 January 1943, the regiment was instructed to join 75th AA Bde at Ipswich. This was not part of AA Command but one of the mobile formations in Home Forces training for the planned invasion of Europe (Operation Overlord). The regiment began taking part in field training exercises in various parts of the country and was formally mobilised on 30 March. Each battery of a mobile LAA regiment consisted of three Troops equipped with six towed Bofors 40 mm guns using 'Stiffkey Stick' sights. The following month it came under the command of the newly formed 80th AA Brigade at Blandford Camp in Dorset. As a mobile unit, 114th LAA Rgt now had its own Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME) workshop, which joined in May 1943.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Mobile training
The regiment established its HQ at Arthurlie Barracks at Barrhead in Scotland in July, to which it returned after periodic training exercises simulating assault landings on a hostile shore. Towards the end of 1943 the regiment moved to join 80th AA Bde HQ at Oxted and Limpsfield in Surrey. In December 1943–January 1944 it carried out user trials at No 16 AA Practice Camp at Clacton-on-Sea on self-propelled (SP) Bofors 40 mm guns mounted on Crusader tank chassis. In February 1944 it began to receive this new equipment.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Mobile training
By now, 80th AA Bde HQ and 114th LAA Rgt had moved to Southampton, and in April the regiment moved again to Stroud Park at Broadbridge Heath in West Sussex before going to its invasion marshalling areas in late May.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
For the Normandy landings, 80th AA Brigade was assigned to support I Corps landing on Juno and Sword Beaches, while 76th AA Brigade supported XXX Corps on Gold Beach. The leading elements were to land with the assault waves on D-Day itself (6 June). Light AA defence was emphasised at the start of the operation, since low-level attack by Luftwaffe aircraft was considered the most likely threat. The LAA regiments involved in the initial landings were on minimum scales of equipment, to be brought up to strength by parties arriving later.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
The leading units were formed into AA Assault Groups, and Lt-Col Hoare with RHQ of 114th LAA Rgt took charge of 'O' AA Assault Group landing on Mike Sector of Juno Beach under the command of 3rd Canadian Division. The Crusader-mounted guns would each tow a conventional Bofors gun ashore. The assault group also included elements of 93rd LAA Rgt equipped with the new 20 mm Polsten gun in triple mountings on Crusader tank chassis towing equipment trailers, and part of 86th (Honourable Artillery Company) Heavy AA Rgt equipped with towed 3.7-inch guns:


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
375/114 LAA Bty was assigned to the neighbouring 'P' AA Assault Group under RHQ of 86th HAA Rgt landing at Nan Sector. Between them, the two batteries of 114th LAA Rgt deployed 30 Bofors guns (of which 12 were SP tracked) on Juno beach. Meanwhile, 373/114 Bty and C Trp 372/114 Bty (24 SP Bofors) were assigned to 76th AA Bde landing at Gold Beach


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
The AA units at Juno experienced serious problems on 6 June, with heavy losses in landing craft on the run in, and landing while hard fire-fights were continuing to establish a firm beachhead. Batteries were badly split up, some detachments being separated from their guns. The reconnaissance party of 114th LAA's H Trp landed in Nan Red Sector about 09.00 when the beach was still under heavy mortar fire and cross machine gun fire. A G Troop gun tractor received a direct hit from a mortar and was burnt out.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
The party gathered under the cliff and decided that it was impossible to land the guns. Lance-Bombardier "Jock" Alexander Wentworth volunteered to report the situation to the battery commander on Nan White beach. This entailed a journey of 1(1⁄2) miles along the enemy-held shore, which was mined and under fire, and he had to wade part of the way. Having reported to 375 LAA Bty HQ, he then returned under fire with orders to bring H troop round to Nan White where the guns were successfully landed. Wentworth was awarded a Military Medal (MM) for this exploit.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
There were greater delays at Mike sector; the guns of B Trp landed at 16.15 and went into action on the beach because the dunes and approaches were mined. Their crews helped to rescue men from burning landing craft at the edge of the water. A Troop's guns were in the process of landing at 19.00 when they engaged a Junkers Ju 88 attacking the landing craft – the only daylight attack on Juno during D-Day. RHQ reported 24 Bofors and 12 x 20 mm of 'O' AA Assault Group ashore by 19.00.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
In the absence of HAA guns and their radar or of searchlights, which had been unable to land, uncontrolled barrages by the LAA guns were all that was possible during the night, but no concentrated attack occurred. Additional Troops of 114th LAA Rgt landed on D+1 as air attacks began to increase, peaking on D+3.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
The Medical Officer (MO) of 114th LAA Rgt, Captain John Wormald, Royal Army Medical Corps, was one of the first MOs to land in Mike Sector on D-Day. He treated casualties on the beach for 48 hours continuously, often under fire, and was the first to take help to a gun crew that took a direct hit next to his dressing station. After two days he moved to a Field Dressing Station where he worked 16–20 hours a day for three weeks, treating military and civilian casualties. Wormald was afterwards awarded the French Croix de Guerre with Silver-Gilt Star.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
Once ashore the AA Assault Groups reorganised into regimental groups, with regimental commanders acting as AA Defence Commanders (AADCs) in their immediate areas. Lieutenant-Colonel Hoare's command was as follows:


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
At 02.30 on 9 June (D+4), an enemy aircraft dropped a number of anti-personnel bombs on a Bofors site of G Trp at the junction of Nan White and Green beaches. The first bomb severely wounded the gun's No 2 while the No 4, Gunner Douglas Taylor, was hit in the leg, though the crew continued to engage the aircraft until it had passed.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
A second bomb had ignited an ammunition dump a few yards away and while the No 2's wound was being attended to, Taylor led two other men to tackle the blaze, ignoring his own wound and the danger from the exploding ammunition. He was later relieved by the gun's No 1 and taken to a beach dressing station, from which he was evacuated to England the same day. Taylor was awarded the MM.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, D-Day
The night of 15/16 June provided 'the best shoot so far' according to the regimental war diary. The searchlights came into their own and four aircraft were shot down in I Corps sector, though it was impossible to say which batteries actually hit them.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Normandy
As the build-up in the Normandy beachhead grew during June and July 1944, 80th AA Bde was tasked with protecting Juno and Sword beaches, the small port of Ouistreham, and the River Orne and Caen Canal bridges. 114th LAA Rgt established RHQ at Courseulles, with part of the regiment astride the Orne and the canal.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Normandy
On 16 June it was ordered to send a Troop to Douvres to catch aircraft attempting to drop supplies to the German troops holding out in the strongpoint there (the Battle of Douvres Radar Station), and on 20 June it was ordered to deploy a roving Troop to protect an important ammunition ship unloading at Ouistreham. When some of the parties of 6/20 LAA Bty were washed off their Gooseberries during the great storm of June, they were distributed to 114th LAA Rgt to ease manning problems.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Normandy
Although Luftwaffe attacks over the beachhead were generally sporadic, they concentrated on the bridges, while Sword Beach and the whole Eastern Sector remained under mortar and artillery fire. At the end of July, 114th LAA Rgt reported that it was being attacked by a 'secret weapon', which destroyed 372 Bty's HQ, killing a sentry. Upon investigation it appeared that it was being shelled by a large calibre gun from long range. On 13 August 373 Bty finally returned to the regiment from 76th AA Bde.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Normandy
At the end of August, 21st Army Group broke out from the Normandy beachhead and began to pursue the defeated German troops across Northern France. Reverting to a mobile role, and supported by the 30 three-tonner trucks of 1587 Platoon, Royal Army Service Corps (RASC), 114th LAA Rgt came under the command of the newly arrived 74th AA Bde supporting First Canadian Army. The regiment was amongst the first troops to enter Rouen behind the assaulting Canadian infantry on 30 August. Here it was deployed to protect the crossings of the River Seine.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Normandy
It was withdrawn on 10 September and moved to Dieppe, arriving on 12 September when it reverted to 80 AA Bde command. There were no air raids, but the regiment captured a number of German soldiers, who joined the large numbers in the prisoner-of-war (POW) camp. The regiment was required to act as an infantry cordon in the event of a break-out attempt from the POW camp. Lieutenant-Colonel Hoare was later awarded the French Croix de Guerre with Palm for his work on D-Day and during the Normandy campaign.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Antwerp
Clearing the Scheldt Estuary and bringing the port of Antwerp into use as a supply base was an important element in the Overlord plan. The planners envisaged a large AA Gun Defence Area (GDA) to deal not only with conventional air raids but also the threat of V-1 flying bombs (codenamed 'Divers'). 114th LAA Rgt was equipped with the Vickers No 1 AA Predictor (normally used by 3.7-inch HAA batteries) to tackle these small fast-moving targets and on 18 October it arrived at Antwerp to reinforce 5th Royal Marine AA Bde.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Antwerp
At first it was deployed along the tops of dykes to guard against German aircraft laying mines in the Scheldt Estuary: the regiment suggested that it would be better to place the guns on Rhine barges (F Troop finally embarked on barges in mid-January). The first 'Diver' arrived in the Antwerp area on 23 October, and the regiment suffered a few casualties, including a fatality when a cinema in the city was hit.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Antwerp
To prevent V-1s falling in the city and dock area, the guns had to be positioned at least 10 miles outside the city, integrated into a system ('Antwerp X') of warning stations and observation posts, supported by radar and searchlights. 114th LAA Regiment provided some of the personnel and equipment for No 2 Local Warning (Radar) Troop formed by 80 AA Bde for this purpose. The Antwerp X deployment, including 114th LAA Rgt, took its full form in December 1944, in time for the peak in V-1 attacks that lasted into February 1945.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Antwerp
In mid-January, 114th LAA Rgt redeployed some of its guns for AA rather than anti-minelaying duties. Conventional air attacks were rare, except on 1 January 1945, when the Luftwaffe launched Operation Bodenplatte against Allied airfields on support of the Ardennes offensive, and German aircraft approaching the city were heavily engaged by the AA guns.


114th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, Disbandment
As the Allied forces advanced into Germany the air threat dwindled. The last V-1 landed at Antwerp on 29 March, and by late April 1945, a number of AA units were deemed surplus to requirements. 114th LAA Rgt was ordered to cease fire on 17 April, and its REME and RASC detachments were withdrawn. It then reverted to the command of 76th AA Bde and began to hand in its guns and transport. The final order to disband arrived on 8 May (VE Day), and this was completed on 16 June.


114th Mahrattas
The 114th Mahrattas were an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. The regiment traces their origins to 1800, when they were raised as the 2nd Battalion, 7th Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry.


114th Mahrattas
During World War I they were attached to the 17th Indian Division for the Mesopotamia Campaign. They took part in the action at Fat-ha Gorge on the Little Zab and the Battle of Sharqat, in October 1918.


114th Mahrattas
After World War I the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments. In 1922, the 114th Mahrattas became the 10th (Training) Battalion 5th Mahratta Light Infantry. After independence they were one of the regiments allocated to the Indian Army.


114th Mahrattas, Sources
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114th New York Infantry Regiment
The 114th New York Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


114th New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The 114th New York Infantry was organized at Norwich, New York beginning July 21, 1862 and mustered in September 3, 1862 for three years service under the command of Colonel Elisha B. Smith.


114th New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment was attached to Emery's Brigade, Defenses of Baltimore, VIII Corps, Middle Department, to November 1862. Emery's Brigade, Louisiana Expedition, to December 1862. Sherman's Division, Department of the Gulf, to January 1863. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, XIX Corps, Department of the Gulf, January 1863. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, XIX Corps, to July 1863. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, XIX Corps, to February 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, XIX Corps, to July 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, XIX Corps, Army of the Shenandoah, Middle Military Division, to March 1865. 1st Brigade, Dwight's 1st Provisional Division, Army of the Shenandoah, to April 1865. 1st Brigade, Dwight's Division, Department of Washington, to June 1865.


114th New York Infantry Regiment, Service
The 114th New York Infantry mustered out of service June 8, 1865 and was discharged June 17, 1865 at Elmira, New York. Recruits and veterans were transferred to the 90th New York Infantry.


114th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Moved to Baltimore, Md., September 6–9. Duty at Baltimore, Md., until November 6, 1862. Moved into Pennsylvania against Stuart, October 12–16. Moved to Fort Monroe, Va., November 6, then sailed for Ship Island, Miss., December 4, arriving at Carrollton December 26 and January 4, 1863. Moved to Algiers January 7, 1863, and served guard duty along the Opelousas and Great Western Railroad until February. Duty at Brashear City until March 20. At Bayou Boeuff and Pattersonville until April 2. Moved to Brashear City April 2, then to Berwick City April 9. Operations in western Louisiana April 9-May 14.


114th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Bayou Teche Campaign April 11–20. Fort Bisland April 12–13. Jeanerette April 14. Guard livestock to Brashear City April 20–28. At Newtown May 4. Opelousas May 9. Expedition from Berne's Landing to Brashear City May 21–26. Franklin May 25. Moved to Algiers May 29 and to Port Hudson May 30. Siege of Port Hudson May 31-July 9. Assault on Port Hudson June 14. Brashear City June 21. Surrender of Port Hudson July 9. Expedition to Donaldsonville July 10–30. Kock's Plantation July 13. Duty near Thibodeaux until August 19, and at Brashear City until September 2. Sabine Pass Expedition September 4–12.


114th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Moved to Algiers, then to Berwick September 17. Western Louisiana Campaign October 3-November 30. At New Iberia November 17, 1863 to January 8, 1864. Moved to Franklin January 8–10, and duty there until March 15. Red River Campaign March 15-May 22. Advance from Franklin to Alexandria April 15–26. Battle of Sabine Cross Roads April 8. Pleasant Hill April 9. Monett's Ferry or Cane River Crossing April 23. Construction of dam at Alexandria April 30-May 10. Retreat to Morganza May 13–22. Mansura May 16. At Morganza until July 1. Moved to Fort Monroe, Va., then to Washington, D.C., July 1–12.


114th New York Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Repulse of Early's attack on Washington July 12–13, Snicker's Gap Expedition July 14–23. Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 7-November 28. Battle of Winchester September 19. Fisher's Hill September 22. Battle of Cedar Creek October 19. Duty near Middletown until November 9, and near Newtown until January 1, 1865. Near Stephenson's Depot until April 5. Moved to Washington, D.C., April 5, and duty there until May 23. Grand Review of the Armies May 23–24. Camp near Bladensburg May 28 to June 5.


114th New York Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 315 men during service; 9 officers and 112 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 2 officers and 192 enlisted men died of disease.


114th New York State Legislature
The 114th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 6 to April 30, 1891, during the seventh year of David B. Hill's governorship, in Albany.


114th New York State Legislature, Background
Under the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1846, 32 Senators and 128 assemblymen were elected in single-seat districts; senators for a two-year term, assemblymen for a one-year term. The senatorial districts were made up of entire counties, except New York County (seven districts) and Kings County (three districts). The Assembly districts were made up of entire towns, or city wards, forming a contiguous area, all within the same county.


114th New York State Legislature, Background
At this time there were two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. In New York City, the Democrats were split into two factions: Tammany Hall and the "County Democracy". The Prohibition Party and the Socialist Labor Party also nominated tickets.


114th New York State Legislature, Elections
The New York state election, 1890 was held on November 4. The only statewide elective office up for election was carried by the incumbent Judge of the Court of Appeals Robert Earl, a Democrat who was endorsed by the Republicans. The approximate party strength at this election, as expressed by the vote for Judge of the Court of Appeals, was: Democratic/Republican 927,000; Prohibition 34,000; and Socialist Labor 13,000.


114th New York State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for the regular session at the State Capitol in Albany on January 6, 1891; and adjourned on April 30.


114th New York State Legislature, Sessions
William F. Sheehan (D) was elected Speaker with 66 votes against 56 for Milo M. Acker (R).


114th New York State Legislature, Sessions
On January 21, the Legislature elected Governor David B. Hill (D) to succeed William M. Evarts (R) as U.S. Senator from New York, for a six-year term beginning on March 4, 1891. However, Governor Hill remained in office until the end of his term on December 31, 1891, and took his seat in the U.S. Senate only on January 7, 1892.


114th New York State Legislature, State Senate, Districts
Note: There are now 62 counties in the State of New York. The counties which are not mentioned in this list had not yet been established, or sufficiently organized, the area being included in one or more of the abovementioned counties.


114th New York State Legislature, State Senate, Members
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature.


114th New York State Legislature, State Assembly, Assemblymen
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued as members of this Legislature.


114th Ohio General Assembly
The One Hundred Fourteenth Ohio General Assembly was the legislative body of the state of Ohio in 1981 and 1982. In this General Assembly, the Ohio Senate was controlled by the Republican Party and the Ohio House of Representatives was controlled by the Democratic Party. In the Senate, there were 18 Republicans and 15 Democrats. In the House, there were 60 Democrats and 38 Republicans. It was the final Ohio General Assembly to use legislative Districts from the 1970 United States Census.


114th Ohio General Assembly, Major events, Vacancies
February 1, 1981: Matthew Hachadorian resigns from the 17th House DistrictNovember 18, 1982: Representative Benny Bonanno resigns. December 13, 1982: Charles Curran resigns from the 6th Senatorial District. December 13, 1982: Senator Mike DeWine resigns from the 10th Senatorial District.


114th Ohio General Assembly, Major events, Appointments
February 10, 1981: Jeffrey L. Dean is appointed to the 17th House District. November 18, 1982: Barbara C. Pringle is appointed to the 8th House District. December 13, 1982: Tom Fries is appointed to the 6th Senatorial District. December 13, 1982: David Hobson is appointed to the 10th Senatorial District.


114th Ohio Infantry Regiment
The 114th Ohio Infantry Regiment, sometimes 114th Ohio Volunteer Infantry (or 114th OVI) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


114th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 114th Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Circleville in Circleville, Ohio, and mustered in for three years service on September 11, 1862, under the command of Colonel John Cradlebaugh.


114th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The regiment was attached to 2nd Brigade, 9th Division, Right Wing XIII Corps (Old), Department of the Tennessee, to December 1862. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Sherman's Yazoo Expedition, to January 1863. 2nd Brigade, 9th Division, XIII Corps, Army of the Tennessee, to July 1863. 4th Brigade, 1st Division, XIII Corps, Department of the Tennessee, to August 1863 and Department of the Gulf to September 1863. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, XIII Corps, Department of the Gulf, to March 1864. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, XIII Corps, to June 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, XIX Corps, Department of the Gulf, to December 1864. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, Reserve Corps, Military Division West Mississippi, to February 1865. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, XIII Corps (New), Military Division West Mississippi, to July 1865.


114th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Service
The 114th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service at Houston, Texas, on July 31, 1865.


114th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Ordered to Marietta, Ohio, September 12; thence to Memphis, Tenn., December 1. Sherman's Yazoo Expedition December 20, 1862, to January 3, 1863. Chickasaw Bayou December 26–28, 1862. Chickasaw Bluff December 29. Expedition to Arkansas Post, Ark., January 3–10, 1863. Assault and capture of Fort Hindman, Arkansas Post, January 10–11. Moved to Young's Point, La., January 17–23, and duty there until March 8. Moved to Milliken's Bend, La., and duty there until April. Operations from Milliken's Bend to New Carthage March 31-April 17. Expedition from Perkins' Plantation to Hard Times Landing April 25–29. Phelps' and Clark's Bayous April 26.


114th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Choctaw Bayou, or Lake Bruin, April 28. Battle of Port Gibson May 1. Battle of Champion Hill May 16. Big Black River May 17. Siege of Vicksburg, Miss., May 18-July 4. Assaults on Vicksburg May 19 and 22. Duty at Warrenton May 25 to July 14, and at Vicksburg until August 13. Ordered to New Orleans, La., August 13, and duty there until September 8. At Brashear City until October 3. Western Louisiana Campaign October 3-November 18. Moved to DeCrow's Point, Matagorda Bay, Texas, November 18–28, and duty there until January 14, 1864. At Matagorda Island until April 18.


114th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Moved to Alexandria, La., April 18–26. Red River Campaign April 26-May 22. Graham's Plantation May 5. Retreat to Morganza May 13–20. Mansura, or Marksville Prairie, May 16. Expedition to Atchafalaya May 30-June 6. Duty at Morganza until November 21. Moved to mouth of White River, Ark., November 21–26. Return to Morganza December 6. Expedition to Morgan's Ferry, Atchafalaya River, December 13–14. Moved to Kenner, La., January 8, 1865; thence to Barrancas, Fla., January 24. Campaign against Mobile, Ala., and its Defenses, March 20-April 12. March from Pensacola, Fla., to Blakely, Ala., March 20-April 2. Occupation of Canoe Station March 27.


114th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Detailed service
Siege of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely April 2–8. Assault and capture of Fort Blakely April 9. Occupation of Mobile April 12. March to Montgomery and Selma April 13–25. Duty at Selma until May 12, and at Mobile until June 13. Moved to Galveston, Texas, June 13, and duty there until July. Veterans and recruits transferred to 48th Ohio Veteran Battalion July 24.


114th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 311 men during service; 3 officers and 36 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 2 officers and 270 enlisted men died of disease.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
The 114th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. They were notable for their colorful Americanized version of the Zouave uniform worn in emulation of certain French light-infantry units that became world-famous during France's colonization of North Africa, the Crimean War, and the Second War of Italian Independence fought in the years prior to the American Civil War.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
The 114th Pennsylvania was the brain-child of Charles H. T. Collis, an Irish immigrant who settled in Philadelphia becoming a prominent young lawyer. Collis initially raised only a small company of men calling them the "Zouaves d'Afrique" which served while attached to other regiments. They saw action in the 1862 Shenandoah Valley Campaign, the Battle of Cedar Mountain, and the Battle of Antietam. The "Zouaves d'Afrique" were much admired for their military bearing and prowess in battle to the point that it was decided to raise a full-sized regiment which was given the numeric designation of 114th Volunteer Infantry.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
Like other Zouave regiments raised in the larger cities of America, the 114th attracted some immigrants to its ranks who were veterans of European wars, but the rank and file consisted mostly of American-born citizens from Philadelphia and its surrounding counties.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
In the winter of 1862 the regiment participated in the Battle of Fredericksburg. There they took part in a counterattack by Robinson's brigade of the III Corps to relieve General George G. Meade's brigade from potential disaster. When the Zouaves began to falter in their charge against the Confederate line, Colonel Collis seized the regiment's national colors and urged the men on. Their counterattack stalled, then pushed back, the Confederate advance thereby saving a Federal artillery battery from capture. For his actions in this battle Colonel Collis would belatedly receive the Medal of Honor in 1893.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
The regiment would also take a prominent role in the Battle of Chancellorsville the following spring where they would endure their greatest number of casualties during any battle of the war. During the fighting, Colonel Collis, suffering from the effects of malaria, was observed being removed from the field on a stretcher by some officers who were personal enemies. After the battle they falsely accused Collis of cowardice in the face of the enemy although he had managed to command the regiment through most of the battle even while gravely ill.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
He was later brought to Court-martial to face these accusations but he successfully defended himself, introducing witnesses who could attest that he had served faithfully under fire during most of the battle until he collapsed from exhaustion due to his reoccurring problems with malaria. Collis was fully exonerated and allowed to return to duty, however his lingering illness would prevent him from participating with his regiment at the Battle of Gettysburg. There the 114th would again suffer a large number of casualties while defending the Peach Orchard salient.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
Significantly reduced in size, the regiment became part of an independent brigade after the III Corps was dissolved. During the remaining two years of the war the unit would often provide provost and guard duties at General Meade's headquarters in the field. This was due in part to the unit's colorful uniform and military bearing, but more so because General Meade, himself also a Philadelphia native, was particularly fond of the 114th's regimental band which was considered one of the best in the Army of the Potomac.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
During the army's winter encampment of 1863–64 at Brandy Station, Virginia, and later during the 1864–65 Siege of Petersburg, companies of the regiment would be frequently called away to serve as headquarters guards. As a result, they attracted the attention of several of the wartime photographers who would make them the most photographed Zouave unit in the field during the war.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, History
At the conclusion of hostilities in the Eastern Theater the 114th Pennsylvania was transferred into the famed Zouave Brigade of the Army of the Potomac's V Corps. They would lead the brightly clad brigade which consisted of several Zouave regiments, each wearing a different style and color of Zouave uniform, in the Grand Review of the Armies on May 23, 1865, held in Washington, D.C. They were then sent home to Philadelphia and mustered out of service.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Uniform
The 114th Pennsylvania's uniform from top to bottom began with a red Moroccan style fez with a yellow-gold tassel worn crushed downward on the back of the head like a skull cap. Some men were issued fezzes that were too large so they compensated by turning up the brim giving the fez the appearance of a beanie. For dress parade and guard mount duty, the fez was augmented with a white turban which was wound around the head in Arabic style. Although the turban was not worn on the march or in battle it has often been erroneously portrayed as such in post-war art.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Uniform
The collarless jacket was dark blue with sky blue cuffs and red trim. Arabesque designs on the jacket breasts were called tombeaux and gave the appearance of large false pockets trimmed in red.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Uniform
A sky blue sash was worn wrapped tightly around the waist with Chasseur style madder red trousers, white leggings (gaiters), and leather jambières rounding out the ensemble.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Uniform
The material for the uniforms was imported from France by Colonel Collis himself.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Legacy
Ultimately, the 114th Pennsylvania Infantry would leave their mark on the landscape of America itself, its veterans erecting three monuments in memory of comrades lost in battle. A regimental monument was erected in 1886 under the auspices of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania at Gettysburg and is located at .


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Legacy
In early 2006, the bronze statue of the Zouave on top of the granite pedestal was toppled to the ground by vandals in an unprecedented attack that also heavily damaged two other monuments on the field. Due in part to donations from private citizens, the damage was quickly repaired and the statue returned to its place.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Legacy
Another smaller marker was placed by the veterans at Gettysburg in 1886 to mark the place on Cemetery Ridge that the regiment occupied on the final day of the battle.


114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, Legacy
A final monument was placed on the Chancellorsville battlefield by the 114th veterans in 1898 to mark one of several locations the unit fought during that engagement.


114th Regiment of Foot (1794)
The 114th Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army from 1794 to 1795. It was raised in April 1794 and was disbanded the following year.


114th Regiment of Foot (Royal Highlander Volunteers)
The 114th Regiment of Foot (Royal Highlander Volunteers) was an infantry regiment of the British Army from 1761 to 1763.It was raised in October 1761, by Sir Allan MacLean of Torloisk. He was commissioned lieutenant in the 60th Foot Royal Americans at the beginning of the Seven Years' War and was severely wounded at Ticonderoga in 1758. He was then given one of the four NY Independent Companies until he returned to Scotland where he raised the 114th Maclean's Highlanders, or the Royal Highland Volunteers, as their Major Commandant. The regiment was disbanded in 1763.


114th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)
The 114th Rifle Division began service in July, 1939 as a standard Red Army rifle division, as part of the pre-war expansion of the Soviet forces. It was stationed on the Svir River front in the autumn of 1941 and had a relatively uneventful war facing the Finns until the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive began on June 10, 1944, from which point it saw much more active service. As the Finns were leaving the war the division was transferred to 14th Army in the Arctic, from where it helped to defeat and pursue the German forces from Lapland into Norway.


114th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Formation
The division began forming on July 14, 1939, at Irkutsk in the Transbaikal Military District. On August 16 the division came under the command of Col. Sergei Nikolaievich Devyatov, who would remain in this post until November 3, 1941.


114th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Formation
On June 22, 1941, the division was still in that district. Its primary order of battle was as follows:


114th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Formation
In July, the 114th joined the 36th Army in the same district, but in September was alerted for transfer to the west. It was eventually assigned to the Southern Operations Group of 7th Army in East Karelia, facing the Finnish Army along the front of the Svir River until June, 1944. During most of this time it was part of the 4th Rifle Corps. Col. Mikhail Ignatovich Panfilovich took command of the division on November 4, 1941, and he would remain in command for most of the rest of the war, being promoted to Major General on October 16, 1943.


114th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance
On May 15, 1944, General Panfilovich handed his command to Col. Ignatii Alekseevich Moskalev. The Soviet offensive against Finland began on June 10. By the 16th, Marshal Mannerheim had issued orders to give up East Karelia under the weight of the Soviet assault; the Finns gave up their bridgehead south of the Svir on the 18th. The withdrawal went less smoothly than they expected, because 7th Army kept up an aggressive pursuit, crossing the river on either side of Lodeynoye Pole. The 114th distinguished itself in this operation and was later given the honorific «Свирская» (Svir). By June 30 the Finns had been forced out of Petrozavodsk and, two days later, Salmi. On July 26, Col. Nikolai Antonovich Koshchienko took command of the division, which he would lead for the duration of the war.


114th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance
By August the Soviet forces had driven the Finnish army back to its 1940 borders, and beginning on August 9th the division was moved to the high Arctic, becoming part of 14th Army. It took part in the Petsamo–Kirkenes Offensive along the coast of the Arctic Ocean, driving the German 20th Mountain Army out of northern Finland and into Norway. On October 31, the 114th was recognized for its role in the capture of Petsamo with the award of the Order of the Red Banner. 14th Army continued its attack into Norway past Kirkenes and across the Neiden River.


114th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Advance
By now, in late October, the army faced very difficult terrain and the Arctic night, and operations were brought to a virtual halt. However, a reconnaissance force of the 114th was sent 116 road kilometres further west into Norway, eventually reaching Tana on November 13, the deepest operation by Soviet forces into that country. The division served the remainder of the war in Arctic, in 14th Army, officially "out of contact with the enemy" after December. At the war's end the soldiers of the 114th held the official title 114-я стрелковая Свирская Краснознамённая дивизия (English: 114th Rifle, Svir, Order of the Red Banner Division).


114th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), Postwar
The division became part of the 131st Rifle Corps at Repola. It disbanded there in 1946.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery
114th Siege Battery, was a heavy howitzer unit of the Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA) formed in Wales during World War I. It saw active service on the Western Front at the Somme, Vimy Ridge and Ypres, against the German spring offensive, and in the final Hundred Days Offensive.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Mobilisation
The 114th Siege Bty was formed at Pembroke Dock under Army Council Instruction 535 of 8 March 1916, which laid down that it was to follow the establishment for 'New Army' (Kitchener's Army) units, with a Territorial Force (TF) cadre of three officers and 78 men (the wartime establishment of an RGA Company of the TF) from the Pembroke Royal Garrison Artillery. It went out to the Western Front on 14 June 1916 equipped with four modern 6-inch 26 cwt Howitzers and joined 32nd Heavy Artillery Group (HAG) with Reserve Army (later Fifth Army).


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Mobilisation
The battery moved to 31st HAG with Third Army on 8 July and then to 28th HAG with First Army on 31 July. 28th HAG joined Fourth Army on 10 September for the Battle of Flers-Courcelette (15–22 September) in the continuing Somme Offensive. By now massive quantities of artillery were employed for each phase of the offensive as Fourth Army attacked again and again through the autumn:


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Mobilisation
The battery was withdrawn from the line for rest, training etc. from 27 December to 20 January 1917.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Vimy
The battery moved to 44th (South African) HAG with First Army on 22 March 1917. The group supported the Canadian Corps at the Battle of Vimy Ridge on 9 April. The artillery plan for the heavy guns emphasised counter-battery (CB) fire. At Zero hour, while the field guns laid down a Creeping barrage to protect the advancing infantry, the heavy howitzers fired 450 yards (410 m) further ahead to hit the rear areas on the reverse slope of the ridge, especially known gun positions. The attack went in on 9 April with the Canadian Corps successfully capturing Vimy Ridge. Fighting in the southern sector (the Battle of Arras) continued into May.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Vimy
114th Siege Bty remained with First Army, transferring to 77th HAG on 15 April, to 18th HAG on 15 May and then moving to 71st HAG on 28 May (actually joining it 3 June). However, on 12 June it joined 88th HAG with Second Army in the Ypres Salient, coming under Fifth Army by 1 August  during the Battle of Pilckem Ridge) that launched the Third Ypres Offensive. Just before the battle, on 28 July, a section from the newly-arrived 376th Siege Bty joined, bringing 114th Siege Bty up to a strength of six howitzers.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Ypres
Gun batteries were packed into the Ypres Salient – II Corps had 36 RGA batteries in the Dickebusch area – where they were under observation and CB fire from the Germans on the higher ground. Casualties among guns and gunners were high, and II Corps had failed to make much progress. A second push on 16 August (the Battle of Langemarck) suffered from rushed artillery planning and was unsuccessful.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Ypres
The offensive continued through the summer and autumn of 1917: the Battles of the Menin Road, Polygon Wood and Broodseinde were highly successful because of the weight of artillery brought to bear on German positions. But as the offensive continued with the Battle of Poelcappelle and First and Second Battles of Passchendaele, the tables were turned: British batteries were clearly observable from the Passchendaele Ridge and were subjected to CB fire, while their own guns sank into the mud and became difficult to aim and fire.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Ypres
There was no respite for the gunners: although 88th HAG moved out of the Salient in October, 114th Siege Bty stayed with Fifth Army, transferring to 68th HAG on 1 October. By now HAG allocations were becoming more fixed, and on 1 February 1918 they were converted into permanent RGA brigades. 68th Brigade was defined as an '8-inch Howitzer' brigade, but only one of its units was equipped with such guns, the remainder operating 6-inch howitzers. 114th Siege Bty remained with this brigade until the Armistice.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Spring Offensive
Fifth Army was attacked on 21 March 1918, the first day of the German spring offensive. Artillery Observation Posts (OPs) were blinded by early morning mist and many were overrun along with the infantry in the forward zone. The German bombardment was savage. The batteries of 68th Bde were with XIX Corps, which was particularly hard hit, the attackers forcing their way down the flanks of the two front line divisions.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Spring Offensive
Cavalry and infantry reserves held the line for a while and 68th Bde was still intact at the end of the first day, unlike some heavy units in other parts of the front, either caught in the fighting or forced to abandon their guns as the Germans advanced rapidly. Next day the Germans continued their advance, and 68th Bde stood at Roise trying to stem the tide before pulling out after dark. On 23 March XIX Corps was forced to conform to retreats by its neighbours towards the Somme, and over following days the RGA struggled to get their guns back during the 'Great Retreat'.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Spring Offensive
Fourth Army HQ took over all of Fifth Army's formations and units on 2 April. The last attack in the first phase of the German offensive came in on 4 April (the Battle of the Avre). The two divisions now holding the front were pushed back, but they were backed by a mass of field and heavy artillery, including the batteries of 68th Bde, and the attack was stopped dead by the guns. Further attacks came on other parts of the front for several months, but none broke through completely.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Hundred Days
The Allied Hundred Days Offensive opened at 04.20 on 8 August at the Battle of Amiens. By now 68th Bde was supporting the Australian Corps on whose front the barrage fired by field and heavy artillery was so thick and accurate that scarcely a German shell fell after 05.40, and all the Australian objectives were secured.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Hundred Days
The Allied advance continued through the autumn up to the River Selle. Preparations to cross it began on 11 October, with 68th Bde allocated to the II US Corps, which was operating under Fourth Army's command and had no artillery of its own. The weather was misty, which hindered air and ground observation for counter-battery fire, but when the assault went in on the morning of 17 October the Selle itself was not much of an obstacle on II US Corps' front, and the objectives were taken.


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Hundred Days
For the final part of the Battle of the Selle on 23 October, II US Corps was relieved by the British IX Corps, which took over most of its Australian and RGA artillery. This massive corps artillery reserve supported the attack into the wooded slopeds beyond the Selle. Again, bad weather hindered air observation and CB work before the attack, but the barrage was deadly accurate. As the regimental historian relates, "The guns of Fourth Army demonstrated, on 23rd October, the crushing effect of well co-ordinated massed artillery. They simply swept away the opposition".


114th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, Hundred Days
After a pause to regroup and reconnoitre, IX Corps stormed across the Sambre–Oise Canal on 4 November (the Battle of the Sambre). After that the campaign became a pursuit of a beaten enemy, in which the slow-moving siege guns could play no part. The war ended with the Armistice with Germany on 11 November.


114th Space Control Squadron
The United States Air Force's 114th Space Control Squadron (SPCS) is a Florida Air National Guard unit located at Patrick Space Force Base and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida. It is operationally gained by the United States Space Force.


114th Space Control Squadron, Mission
The 114 SPCS mission is two-fold:  First, to deliver offensive counterspace and space situational awareness, as appropriate, to rapidly achieve flexible and versatile effects in support of global and theater campaigns and to provide mission-ready citizen-Airmen and equipment to Combatant Commanders in support of operations worldwide. Second, as an Air National Guard asset the 114 SPCS is also available for state contingencies (hurricanes, floods, fires, domestic response, etc.) and is subject to activation by the Governor of Florida in times of emergency.


114th Space Control Squadron, Mission
Its primary mission, once activated, is to man the Emergency Support Function #5 (Information and Planning) at the State Emergency Operations Center - Tallahassee, FL which involves collecting, analyzing, processing and disseminating information for potential or actual disasters/emergencies in order for Federal Government agencies to provide humanitarian assistance to the affected hard-hit areas.


114th Space Control Squadron, History
The 114th Communications Squadron was Federally recognized on 15 May 1989. Originally conceived to provide manning for pre-positioned NATO satellite communications terminals in the event of war against the Soviet Union, the unit mission was labeled NABS, or NATO Air Base Satellite. At the time it was equipped with only one TSC-85B terminal for training and 35 members. There were only two career fields offered to traditional guard members, satellite communications and electrical power production. Patrick AFB was selected as its home location because the 2nd Communications Group was also located at Patrick and could provide training and mentorship. The level of highly technical industries in the local area also factored to place the 114th in Cocoa Beach, Florida.


114th Space Control Squadron, History
The first commander of the 114th Communications Squadron, Lt. Col. Robert Chandler took the lead from its inception until January 1991, driving the recruiting and organizational efforts. This was when the worldwide legacy began, with support of operations in Turkey and Saudi Arabia, including Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm.


114th Space Control Squadron, History
The next commander was Col. David Barnhart. Col. Barnhart led the 114th from January 1991 to September 1994. During Col. Barnhart's tenure, the team's experience grew exponentially: not only were operational missions conducted in Spain, Germany, Italy, Honduras, Saudi Arabia, Canada and Colombia, but now humanitarian efforts drew members to hurricane relief efforts in Jamaica and south Florida. Additionally, various stateside exercises, including Coronet Stroke and Combat Challenge, tested the fiber of the already mature unit. The squadron redesignated as the 114th Combat Communications Squadron (CBCS) 1 October 1992. In January 1994, the 114th received its first Air Force Outstanding Unit Award.


114th Space Control Squadron, History
Lt . Col. Michele Agee assumed command in September 1994. She led the unit through further expansion with missions in Haiti, Panama, Egypt, Croatia, Morocco and Bosnia along with numerous events in Florida, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Utah. In 1995, the squadron began building up the 114th Range Flight to support 45th Space Wing launch operations. These members were co-located with the 45th Range Squadron at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.


114th Space Control Squadron, History
In January 1998, Maj. Daniel Bates took command, with personnel already deployed to Bosnia and later to Italy. In 1999, a partnership with the Air Force Research Lab was established to develop the Ballistic Missile Range Safety Technology (BMRST) system. The 114th CBCS personnel were commissioned to provide support to the program. In January 2001, 114th CBCS deployed to the Kodiak Launch Complex, Kodiak, Alaska, to demonstrate the BMRST system's ability to rapidly deploy, set up and support a rocket launch with the Quick Reaction Launch Vehicle (QRLV) rocket launching from this site.


114th Space Control Squadron, History
After 11 Sept. 2001, large elements of the squadron deployed to Qatar and MacDill Air Force Base in support of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. Additionally, the 114th CBCS received its second Air Force Outstanding Unit Award. The unit deployed to Kodiak again in May 2002 for a second QRLV launch.


114th Space Control Squadron, History
In 2005, The 114th CBCS was re-designated the 114th Range Operations Squadron, their mission was to provide survivable and reliable satellite voice and data communications for command control and logistics in support of United States Air Force, Air Combat Command, and NATO communications requirements. They supported launch range operation tracking of the Space Transportation System, Atlas, Delta, and Titan launches.


114th Space Control Squadron, History
The 114th received its third Air Force Outstanding Unit Award in 2009.


114th Space Control Squadron, History
In 2011, the 114th supported the launch of the final Space Shuttle Mission.


114th Space Control Squadron, History
Due to US Air Force structure changes announced in March 2012, the 114 ROPS was scheduled for inactivation on 1 October 2012. However, this decision was reversed and instead the unit assumed a new mission as the 114th Space Operations Squadron in April 2014. The first commander of the newly renamed squadron was Lt Col (ret) Johnny Malpass.


114th United States Congress
The 114th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States of America federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 2015, to January 3, 2017, during the final two years of Barack Obama's presidency. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States Census.


114th United States Congress
The 2014 elections gave the Republicans control of the Senate and the House for the first time since the 109th Congress. With 248 seats in the House of Representatives and 54 seats in the Senate, this Congress began with the largest Republican majority since the 71st Congress of 1929–1931. As of 2021, this is the most recent session of Congress in which Republicans and Democrats held any seats in New Hampshire and Nebraska, respectively, and the last in which Republicans held a Senate seat in Illinois.


114th United States Congress, Leadership
Section contents: Senate: Majority (R), Minority (D) • House: Majority (R),  Minority (D)


114th United States Congress, Members, Senate
Senators are listed by state and then by Senate classes, In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 2016; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 2018; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 2020.


114th United States Congress, Changes in membership, Senate
There were no changes in Senate membership during this Congress.


114th meridian east
The meridian 114° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, Australasia, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


114th meridian east
The 114th meridian east forms a great circle with the 66th meridian west.


114th meridian east, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 114th meridian east passes through:


114th meridian west
The meridian 114° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.


114th meridian west
114°W is the Fifth Meridian of the Dominion Land Survey in Canada.


114th meridian west
The 114th meridian west forms a great circle with the 66th meridian east.


114th meridian west, From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 114th meridian west passes through:


115 (barge)
115 (also known as Barge 115, No.115, or Whaleback 115) was an American whaleback barge in service between 1891 and 1899. She was built between May and August 1891, in Superior, Wisconsin (or West Superior, Wisconsin) by Alexander McDougall's American Steel Barge Company, for the "McDougall fleet", based in Buffalo, New York. She was one of a class of distinctive, experimental ship designed and built by McDougall. The whalebacks were designed to be more stable in high seas. They had rounded decks, and lacked the normal straight sides seen on traditional lake freighters. 115 entered service on August 25, hauling iron ore from Superior.


115 (barge)
In December 1899, while being towed by the whaleback freighter Colgate Hoyt from Two Harbors, Minnesota, for Lake Erie with a load of iron ore, the two vessels encountered a storm. After 40 hours of slow progress across Lake Superior, 115 broke away from Colgate Hoyt at 6:05 a.m., on December 13. Colgate Hoyt searched for her for four hours, but due to the scarcity of fuel on board, she was forced to proceed to Sault Ste. Marie. After drifting around Lake Superior for five days, 115 crashed into Pic Island, near Marathon, Ontario. Her crew made it to shore in a makeshift raft, walking for several days, before being located by crew from the Canadian Pacific Railway.


115 (barge)
The wreck of 115 was located in 1980, at a depth of between 40 feet (12.2 m) and 80 feet (24.4 m) of water.


115 (barge), History, Background
115 was a whaleback, an innovative but unpopular ship design of the late 1880s, designed by Alexander McDougall. A Scottish immigrant, Great Lakes captain, inventor and entrepreneur, McDougall developed the idea of the whaleback as a way to improve the ability of barges to follow a towing vessel in heavy seas. Whalebacks were characterized by distinctive hull shapes with rounded tops, lacking conventional vertical sides, and conoidal ends. Their rounded hulls enabled water to easily slide off their decks, minimising friction, and letting them sail quickly and smoothly through the water. Their superstructure was located on turrets mounted on the main deck. The rounded contours of whalebacks gave them an unconventional appearance, and McDougall's ship and barge designs were received with considerable skepticism, resistance, and derision. As they had porcine-looking snouts for bows, some observers called them "pig boats".


115 (barge), History, Background
After McDougall was unable to persuade existing shipbuilders to try his designs, he founded the American Steel Barge Company in Superior, Wisconsin, in 1888, and built them himself. McDougall actively promoted his design and company by sending the steamer Charles W. Wetmore to London, and starting another shipyard in Everett, Washington, which built the steamer City of Everett. Despite McDougall's further efforts to promote the design with the excursion liner Christopher Columbus, whalebacks never caught on, with only 44 of them being built.


115 (barge), History, Design and construction
115 (also known as Barge 115, No.115, or Whaleback 115) was constructed in 1891, in Superior, Wisconsin, (or West Superior, Wisconsin), by the American Steel Barge Company. Her first hull frames were laid down on May 21, 1891. She was launched on August 15, of that same year. 115 was identical to the barge 116, launched later in August. She was 256 feet (78.0 m) long and 36 feet (11.0 m) (or 36.1 feet (11.0 m)) wide. Her hull was 18.75 feet (5.7 m) (or 18.9 feet (5.8 m)) deep. She had a gross tonnage of 1,169 (or 1,169.11) tons, and a net tonnage of 1,110 (or 1,110.66) tons. She was an unrigged barge, and was towed by a steam-powered ship.


115 (barge), History, Service history
115 was built by the American Steel Barge Company for the fleet of the same name based in Buffalo, New York. She was enrolled in Duluth, Minnesota, on August 20, 1891, and was given the US official number 53268. Her home port was Buffalo. 115 entered service on August 25, carrying iron ore from Superior, Wisconsin.


115 (barge), History, Service history
On May 11 or 12, 1893, 115 was in tow of Colgate Hoyt, when she was struck by the downbound whaleback freighter Thomas Wilson, which had the whaleback barge 101 in tow. 115 was dry docked in Duluth on May 20, for repairs. 115 broke 16 hull plates on May 3, 1894, when she collided with the steamer Mesaba on Lake George. In 1895, management of the American Steel Barge Company fleet was taken over by Pickands Mather & Company of Cleveland, Ohio. In August 1897, 115 was dry docked in West Superior, in order to repair damage she sustained after striking the bottom in an unknown river.


115 (barge), History, Final voyage
In December 1899, 115 and her towing steamer Colgate Hoyt were in Two Harbors, Minnesota, where 115 loaded 3,000 tons of iron ore bound for Lake Erie, on what was meant to be their final trip of the shipping season. The two vessels left Two Harbors on December 10, and headed for the Soo Locks. 115 was under the command of Arthur A. Boyce, and had a complement of eight crew (including Captain Boyce). As the two vessels left Two Harbors, they sailed into a storm.


115 (barge), History, Final voyage
For 40 hours, Colgate Hoyt and 115 made slow progress across Lake Superior, when at 6:05 a.m. on December 13, 115 broke away from Colgate Hoyt, south of Pic Island. Colgate Hoyt's crew frantically searched for 115 for four hours, but scarcity of fuel on board forced her to proceed to Sault Ste. Marie, where they enlisted tugboats to help search for 115. Initially, 115 and her crew were believed to have been lost.


115 (barge), History, Final voyage
115 drifted for five days before stranding near Marathon, Ontario, on Pic Island, located on the north shore of Lake Superior, becoming the final shipwreck to occur on the Great Lakes during the 1800s. Her crew made it ashore in 115's small life raft, making multiple trips between the stranded barge and Pic Island until everyone on board reached safety. Some of the crewmen carried with them extra clothes, while others carried food (two loaves of bread and ham). As well as clothes and the food items, the crewmen carried with them candles and grease.


115 (barge), History, Final voyage
After walking around the island for a while, the crewmen discovered an old, roofless log cabin, containing a stove. They fashioned a roof out of tree branches, and spent the night in the cabin. The following morning, the crewmen tore the cabin down, fashioning a makeshift raft out of the wood. They made it ashore on the mainland, and ended up camping in the bush. The next day, they began walking along the shore to the west, camping in the bush that night as well. After walking for four days, the crewmen stumbled upon a Canadian Pacific Railway track. Following the track, the crewmen managed to make it to Middletown, Ontario, at around noon, that same day. Although all of 115's crew survived, her cook's feet were frostbitten. All of 115's crew made it home in time for Christmas. 115 was the second whaleback lost on the Great Lakes.


115 (barge), 115 wreck
The wreck of 115 was discovered in 1980 by wreck hunter Ryan LeBlanc at a depth of between 40 feet (12.2 m) and 80 feet (24.4 m) of water, on a rock bottom, after a major search. Maritime historian and author Cris Kohl's book, The 100 Best Great Lakes Shipwrecks – Volume II. erroneously states that 115's bow with its turret is intact, whereas dive footage shot in about 1980 shows that her stern and its turret are intact, instead of the bow. The bow section is broken up. Due to the force with which 115 pounded against Pic Island, there are twisted steel plates located as high as 50 feet (15.2 m) on the cliff she wrecked against. Her intact bell was retrieved around the time she was discovered.


115 (number)
115 (one hundred [and] fifteen) is the natural number following 114 and preceding 116.


115 (number), In mathematics
There are 115 different rooted trees with exactly eight nodes, 115 inequivalent ways of placing six rooks on a 6 × 6 chess board in such a way that no two of the rooks attack each other, and 115 solutions to the stamp folding problem for a strip of seven stamps.


115 (number), In mathematics
115 is also a heptagonal pyramidal number. The 115th Woodall number,


115 (number), In mathematics
is a prime number. 115 is the sum of the first five heptagonal numbers.


115 (number), In other fields
115 is also the fire service emergency number in Mauritius and Italy,and the ambulance emergency number in Vietnam.


115 Antioch earthquake
The 115 Antioch earthquake occurred on 13 December 115 AD. It had an estimated magnitude of 7.5 on the surface wave magnitude scale and an estimated maximum intensity of XI (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale. Antioch and surrounding areas were devastated with a great loss of life and property. It triggered a local tsunami that badly damaged the harbour at Caesarea Maritima. The Roman Emperor Trajan was caught in the earthquake, as was his successor Hadrian. Although the consul Marcus Pedo Vergilianus was killed, they escaped with only slight injuries and later began a program to rebuild the city.


115 Antioch earthquake, Tectonic setting
The site of Antioch lies close to the complex triple junction between the northern end of the Dead Sea Transform, the mainly transform boundary between the African Plate and the Arabian Plate, the southwestern end of the East Anatolian Fault, the mainly transform boundary between the Anatolian Plate and the Arabian Plate, and the northeastern end of the Cyprus Arc, the boundary between the Anatolian and African Plates. The city lies on the Antakya Basin, part of the Amik Basin, filled by Pliocene-to-recent alluvial sediments. The area has been affected by many large earthquakes during the last 2,000 years.


115 Antioch earthquake, Tectonic setting
The results of trenching over the northern part of the Dead Sea Transform indicate that three major earthquakes have occurred along the Missyaf segment of the fault since about 100 AD, the earliest of which may correlate with the 115 earthquake.


115 Antioch earthquake, Damage
An account of the earthquake was included by the writer Cassius Dio in his Roman History. He describes Antioch at that time as crowded with soldiers and many civilians that had travelled from all parts of the empire, because Trajan was wintering there. The earthquake began with a loud roaring sound, followed by intense shaking of the ground. Whole trees were thrown into the air, as were many of the inhabitants, causing great injury. Large numbers of people were killed by falling debris, while many others were trapped.


115 Antioch earthquake, Damage
The aftershocks that followed the earthquake for several days killed some of the survivors, while others that were trapped died of hunger. Trajan managed to get clear of the house he was staying in by leaving through a window and only suffered minor injuries. Because of the danger from aftershocks, he moved with his retinue to the open hippodrome.


115 Antioch earthquake, Damage
The city of Apamea was also destroyed by the earthquake and Beirut suffered significant damage. The tsunami triggered by the earthquake affected the Lebanese coast, particularly at Caeserea and Yavneh. The harbour at Caeserea Maritima was probably destroyed by the tsunami, an interpretation based on the dating of a half metre thick tsunami deposit found outside the harbour.


115 Antioch earthquake, Damage
The origin of the reported death toll of 260,000 is uncertain, as it only appears in catalogues of about the last hundred years.


115 Antioch earthquake, Aftermath
The restoration of Antioch was started by Trajan but seems to have been completed by Hadrian. Trajan had a copy of the statue of Tyche by Eutychides erected at the new theatre, to commemorate the rebuilding of the city. Almost all of the mosaics that have been found in Antioch date from after the earthquake.


115 BC
Year 115 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Scaurus and Metellus (or, less frequently, year 639 Ab urbe condita) and the Second Year of Yuanding. The denomination 115 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.


115 Battalion
115 South African Infantry Battalion was a motorised infantry unit of the South African Army.


115 Battalion, History, Origin of the black battalions
In the late 1970s the South African government had abandoned its opposition to arming black soldiers.


115 Battalion, History, Origin of the black battalions
By early 1979, the government approved a plan to form a number of regional African battalions, each with a particular ethnic identity, which would either serve in their homelands or under regional SADF commands. This led to the formation of 115 Battalion for the Ndebele and the planned KwaNdebele homeland in 1984.


115 Battalion, History, Development of the KwaNdebele Defence Force
115 Battalion was raised in 1985 and initially based on the farm named Shenandoah near Siyabuswa (The intended capital of KwaNdebele), part of the then Eastern Transvaal. Troops for 115 SA Battalion were recruited from the self-governing territory of KwaNdebele. The Battalion was intended to form the beginning of an armed forces for this homeland, but weak local support for independence from South Africa eventually halted the idea.


115 Battalion, History, 115 redesignated as a SAI
115 Battalion therefore remained a SADF unit and resorted under the command of Group 15 from Pretoria.


115 Battalion, History, Disbandment
115 SAI Battalion disbandment process start around 2000 and some members were assimilated into the new SANDF.


115 Battalion, History, Disbandment
Within the motorised environment was also Specialised Infantry Capability Composite Company named Sierra,boasting Equistrian, Motorcycle and Canine platoon,which was assimilated and centralised at Potchefstroom's 12 SAI Bn.


115 Battalion, History, Disbandment
Other leadership grouping and members formed part of the grouping that resascitated VIP Protection as well as guards of honour and hence the Establishment or Renaming of this grouping and unit that is now known as National Ceremonial Guards.


115 Battalion, History, Disbandment
And the rest were reposted within other units under command of SA Army HQ as well as SAAF's Air Force Gymnasium.


115 Battalion, Insignia
115 Battalion's badge was initially designed for its role in the KwaNdebele Defence Force. The axes and otter are symbols of the Ndebele people. The redesigned 115 SAI Battalion badge however removed any direct connotation to the Ndebele tribe and was opened up as a multi-ethnic unit while the South African Infantry colours was introduced.


115 Fifth Lane
115 Fifth Lane (commonly known as Fifth Lane) is the home of Ranil Wickremesinghe, former Prime Minister of Sri Lanka. It was built by Wickremesinghe's father, press baron Esmond Wickremesinghe. Wickremesinghe continues to live at Fifth Lane, using the Prime Minister's official residence, Temple Trees, only for official functions during his time as Prime Minister , with the exception of the 2018 Sri Lankan constitutional crisis. During Wickremesinghe's tenure as opposition leader, he met many foreign dignitaries at Fifth Lane.


115 Fifth Lane
The living room of Fifth Lane was badly damaged on 23 March 1965 when a bomb was thrown into the house and exploded moments after Dudley Senanayake had left the premises while negotiations were underway to form a government.


115 Harley Street
115 Harley Street is a grade II* listed terraced town house in Harley Street, in the City of Westminster, London. The house is of the "first rate" class, built around 1777 as part of the Portland Estate (now the Howard de Walden Estate), probably by John White and the plasterer Thomas Collins who were associated with Sir William Chambers.


115 King William Street
115 King William Street is a high-rise building located on the west side of King William Street in the Adelaide city centre between Waymouth and Currie streets. It rises 87 metres to the roof and 91 metres to the antenna spire. The building has 26 storeys. Construction of the building began in 2015 and was completed in 2016. 115 King William Street is the sixth tallest building in Adelaide.


115 King William Street, History
115 King William Street has historically been an address associated with commercial offices. In the nineteenth century it was the office and home of a solicitor, George Michell. In the early twentieth century, it was the site of Commercial Union Chambers, which hosted a range of commercial offices, including its main tenant the Commercial Union Assurance Company. From the 1930s onwards, it became associated with the premises of Scrymgour & Sons, a printing business.


115 King William Street, History
115 King William Street was approved by the Development Assessment Commission on 12 July 2010, with its original design only being 64 metres and 16 storeys tall. Later on, the building was approved to be 25 floors high and in August 2015 was granted permission to have another 1 storey making it 26 storeys high.


115 Squadron (Israel)
115 Squadron, also known as the Flying Dragon or Red Squadron, is the Israeli Air Force's aggressor squadron. Based at Ovda, it is the sole IAF squadron to operate fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters and also ground-based assets.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Formation
The squadron was established on July 8, 1954, as a semi-autonomous unit of 109 Squadron, specializing in photo-reconnaissance flights. Commanded by Captain Azriel Ronen, the squadron initially operated 4 de Havilland Mosquito PR.16s out of Hatzor Airbase. These were soon augmented by three Mosquito NF.30s converted to reconnaissance configuration, and in June 1956, 115 became a fully independent squadron. Commanded by Major Eli Eron, the new unit was based at Tel Nof. It was soon bolstered by three additional PR.16s and three Gloster Meteor T.7s.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Formation
As Middle East tensions rose in the mid-1950s, 115 squadron operations were stepped up. It carried out reconnaissance missions throughout the region, flying as far as Iraq and Libya. Intelligence gathered during these missions proved valuable not only during the 1956 Suez Crisis, but in subsequent wars as well. In the run-up to Suez Crisis itself, the squadron gathered information on Egyptian forces and their dispositions in the Sinai, while during the war it provided much-needed intelligence on enemy activity.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Formation
The squadron was disbanded in November 1958 with the withdrawal of the Mosquito from service. Its Meteors were allocated to other squadrons.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Flying the A-4 Skyhawk
115 Squadron was reformed in January 1969 at Tel Nof, as the IAF's third A-4 Skyhawk squadron. Its first three jets arrived at the port of Ashdod on March 20, and on March 28 the squadron flew its first flight. It soon achieved operational capability and on April 22 saw its first combat sortie in the ongoing War of Attrition, against a radar station in Jordan. In July it participated in operation Boxer, during which one of its aircraft was hit but managed to make a forced landing at Rephidim. The squadron also participated in the Priha operations, while during operation Rhodes, the January 1970 assault on the island of Shadwan, a squadron A-4 sunk an Egyptian torpedo boat. Altogether 115 Squadron flew about 1,000 sorties throughout the war.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Flying the A-4 Skyhawk
Initially operating the A-4H, in 1972 the squadron made the conversion to the A-4N Skyhawk II. It was still flying both models, however, when the Yom Kippur War broke out in October 1973. On October 3 the Squadron had lost its commanding officer, Ami Gadish, when his aircraft crashed during a training sortie. On Friday, October 5, Giora Romm took command of the squadron, despite having never flown the Skyhawk nor serving with the unit. War broke out the very next day, and Romm's first flight was a combat sortie targeting Egyptian troops crossing the Suez Canal, Romm familiarizing himself with the aircraft en route to the target.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Flying the A-4 Skyhawk
115 Squadron flew all types of attack missions during the Yom Kippur War, from close air support (CAS) to air base strikes and SEAD. The squadron suffered its first fatalities of the war on October 7, when Shimon Ash went missing during a strike against Egyptian anti-aircraft artillery, while Israel Rozenblum was killed on the Golan Heights. Two more aircraft was lost on the following day, both on the Egyptian front, with Zvi Bashan killed and Zvi Rozen becoming a prisoner of war.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Flying the A-4 Skyhawk
Another pilot, Mario Shaked, was lost on October 9, and two more aircraft lost on October 11, Yizhak Ofer killed on the Golan Heights and Schneider becoming a POW. These were the last of 115 Squadron's losses during the war, out of 750 sorties flown, a loss rate of 0.9 percent.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Flying the A-4 Skyhawk
The squadron was back in action pounding Palestinian positions in southern Lebanon during the late 1970s and early 1980s, and saw extensive action during Operation Peace for Galilee, the 1982 invasion of Lebanon. On June 6, 1982, it lost one of its aircraft while on a strike near Beaufort Castle, pilot Aharon Achiaz falling into Palestinian captivity. The squadron relocated to Nevatim in 1984, continuing to fly sporadic attacks against Lebanese targets during the subsequent decade, flying 38 sorties during Operation Accountability of April 1993. It was disbanded on July 21, 1994, with some of its aircraft going into storage while others were dispersed among remaining IAF A-4 Squadrons.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Aggressor Squadron
In March 2005 the squadron was reformed at Ovda as the IAF's Advanced Training Center, the initiative of former IAF commander-in-chief Eliezer Shkedy. Operating both F-16s and AH-1 Cobras, the unit is tasked with emulating enemy forces and tactics, creating scenarios as close as possible to what pilots may face in war. Holding training sessions for IAF combat squadrons, the squadron also operates a surface-to-air section, simulating enemy air defences. It is not an operational unit, though all its pilots have emergency postings and its aircraft are equipped to serve as combat aircraft in the event of war.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Aggressor Squadron
Modelled on USAF aggressor squadrons, the unit is also offering its services to other nations. In May 2006 it trained with the Massachusetts Air National Guard's 101st Fighter Squadron, and in 2008 the squadron provided desert training for 55 Czech Air Force pilots prior to their deployment to Afghanistan. As a tribute to Czechoslovak military assistance to Israel during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the training session was named "Etzion", once the codename for the Czech airfield at Žatec from which a great deal of aircraft and material were dispatched to Israel.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Aggressor Squadron
In early December 2010, 115 Squadron hosted Italian Air Force Panavia Tornados at Ovda, conducting a week-long joint training session. In December 2011 the Israeli and Italian Air Forces completed another two-week joint training exercise. The exercise involved pilots flying F-16As, F-16Cs and F-15Is from three Israeli squadrons, pitted against Italian Air Force pilots flying Eurofighter Typhoons and Panavia Tornado strike fighters. In March 2012 the Polish Air Force's 10th Tactical Squadron deployed to Ovda for a two-week-long joint exercise with Israel's 115, 117 and 106 squadrons.


115 Squadron (Israel), History, Aggressor Squadron
In December 2016 115 Squadron retired its F-16A/Bs, replacing them in April 2017 with the F-16C/D.


115 Thyra
115 Thyra is a fairly large and bright inner main-belt asteroid that was discovered by Canadian-American astronomer J. C. Watson on August 6, 1871 and was named for Thyra, the consort of King Gorm the Old of Denmark. Based upon its spectrum, it is categorized as a stony S-type asteroid.


115 Thyra
Observations made between 1978 and 1981 produced a composite light curve with two minima and maxima. However, a subsequent study in 1983 only found a single minima and maxima. A synodical rotation period of 7.241 hours was determined. This was confirmed by observations between 1995 and 2000. The changes in brightness and color indicate a surface with an uneven composition.


115 Thyra
The asteroid has a slightly elongated shape, with a ratio of 1.20 between the lengths of the major and minor axes. The orbital longitude and latitude of the asteroid pole in degrees is estimated to be  (λ0, β0) = (68°, 23°). Measurements of the thermal inertia of 115 Thyra give a value of around 75 m−2 K−1 s−1/2, compared to 50 for lunar regolith and 400 for coarse sand in an atmosphere.


115 km
115 km (Russian: 115 км) is a rural locality (a passing loop) in Osinogrivskoye Rural Settlement of Topkinsky District, Russia. The population was 38 as of 2010.


115 km, Geography
The passing loop is located on the Yurga-Tashtagol line, 14 km south of Topki (the district's administrative centre) by road.


115 series
The 115 series (115系, 115-kei) is a DC electric multiple unit (EMU) train type developed by Japanese National Railways (JNR) and now operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East), West Japan Railway Company (JR-West), and the Shinano Railway.


115 series, Operations, JR East
Currently used on the Shinetsu Main Line, Yahiko Line, and the Echigo Line. 115 series trains were also previously used on the Shōnan-Shinjuku Line, Takasaki Line, and Utsunomiya Line, Chuo Main Line(East Line), Shinonoi Line,Oito Line, Agatsuma Line, Ryomo Line, Joetsu Line.


115 series, Operations, JR-West
Currently used on the Hakubi Line, Maizuru Line, Sagano Line, Sanin Main Line and the Sanyō Main Line


115 series, Operations, JR Central
Formerly used on the Minobu Line, Gotemba Line and the Tōkaidō Main Line. Sets owned by JR East currently operate on the JR Central Iida Line and Chūō Main Line (West Line).


115 series, Operations, Shinano Railway
Currently used on the Shinano Railway Line. Start of retirement in July 2020 with the debut of the new SR1 series on the 4th July 2020.


115 series, Variants, 115-0 series
This is a cold-weather and mountainous line version of the earlier 113 series. The first examples were introduced from 1963 on the Takasaki Line out of Ueno.


115 series, Variants, 115-1000 series
Introduced from 1978 with increased seat pitch and improved cold-weather performance.


115 series, Variants, 115-2000 series
Hiroshima, Shimonoseki and Shizuoka area version introduced in 1978. Specifications based on 115-1000 series.


115 series, Variants, 115-3000 series
Two-door version introduced from November 1982 to replace 153 series EMUs on "Rapid" services in the Shimonoseki area.


115 series, Variants, 115-3500 series
Former 117 series MoHa 117 and MoHa 116 two-door cars converted from May 1992 for use in the Okayama and Hiroshima areas.


115 series, Variants, 115-6000 series
JR-West 2-car sets converted in 1999 by building new cabs at one end of former MoHa (non-driving motor) cars.


115 series, Livery variations, Special liveries
In January 2017, Niigata-based set N3 was repainted into the original "Niigata Livery" of red and yellow formerly carried by JNR 70 series EMU trains.


115 series, Livery variations, Special liveries
In April 2017, Shinano Railway three-car set S7 was repainted into the original Nagano livery of cream and green as part of the Shinshu area promotional campaign to be held from July to September 2017.


115 series, Livery variations, Special liveries
In September 2017, Niigata-based set N37 was repainted in the first "Niigata area" livery.


115 series, Withdrawal
Withdrawals first begun in 1985 following the introduction of 211 series. The 115 series were gradually phased out on some services. The first units were scrapped in 1987.


115 series, Preserved examples
Former JR East end car KuMoHa 115 1061 is scheduled to be displayed at the Niigata City Niitsu Railway Museum in Niitsu, Niigata between July and September 2017.


115-119 Eighth Avenue (Brooklyn)
115–119 Eighth Avenue, also known as the Adams House, is a historic house at Eighth Avenue and Carroll Street in Park Slope, Brooklyn, New York City. It was built in 1888 as a double house, and was commissioned by Thomas Adams Jr., who invented the Adams Chiclets automatic vending machine. It was designed by noted architect C. P. H. Gilbert in the Richardsonian Romanesque style, and is considered to be one of the best examples of that style extant in New York City, "worthy of H. H. Richardson." The house is built of sandstone, terra cotta and brick on a brownstone base, and was the first house in the neighborhood with an elevator. It has now been converted into apartments.


115-119 Eighth Avenue (Brooklyn)
The building is located within the Park Slope Historic District, which was designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1973.


115-119 Eighth Avenue (Brooklyn), History
C. P. H. Gilbert, who had been trained as an employee of H. H. Richardson, was the architect for the majority of the houses on Montgomery Place in Brooklyn, as well as many of the mansions on Fifth Avenue in Manhattan.


115-119 Eighth Avenue (Brooklyn), History
At the turn of the 20th century, Thomas Adams' family moved to Riverside Drive in Manhattan, and their former house in Park Slope was occupied for many years by Alvin Edger Ivie, a relative by marriage of F. W. Woolworth. Ivie worked for the F. W. Woolworth Company and was also a director of the East Brooklyn Savings Bank.


115-119 Eighth Avenue (Brooklyn), History
A long-surviving local tale says that the building is haunted: it had one of the first elevators in a private home, and when Adams went away, some of the servants are said to have gotten stuck in the elevator when it stalled, and could not get out. By the time Adams had returned, says the rumor, the servants were dead.


115-119 Eighth Avenue (Brooklyn), Description
In the Adams Residence, Gilbert designed a corner tower, projecting gable roofs and dormers. The building's warm and rich tones contrast with the other outstanding Richardsonian residence in the area, the Hulbert Mansion on Prospect Park West, designed by Montrose Morris. The Adams Residence's salmon-colored brick, sandstone and terra cotta contrasts with the cooler-hued limestone of the Hulbert Mansion. In the Adams house itself, the rusticated brownstone base contrasts with the texture of the smooth Roman brick above.


115-119 Eighth Avenue (Brooklyn), Description
The Eighth Avenue facade of the double house, which is dominated by the corner tower balanced by triple windows set in a hipped dormer, has a two-story curved bay topped by a brick parapet and an arched entrance balanced by an arched window. This entrance was used by Thomas Adams' son John Dunbar Adams, who occupied this side of the double house.


115-119 Eighth Avenue (Brooklyn), Description
On the Carroll Street side of the residence is the main entrance to the house, reached by way of a low stoop. The carved Syrian entrance arch is supported by clustered capped dwarf columns. Above the arch is a triple window, surrounded by the same naturalistic bas relief pattern of leaves which adorn the columns. The windows rest on columns topped by basketwork capitals. Also resting on dwarf columns are the arches which define the windows on the third floor. Under the gable, whose peak is adorned by more foliate carving, are four narrow windows which provide light for the attic floor. The first floor windows all have stone transom bars, with the transoms all made of exceptional stained glass.


115-119 Eighth Avenue (Brooklyn), Description
From the Carroll Street side it can be seen that the corner tower is round on the first floor, but polygonal above that. It is topped by a high octagonal roof covered in tile. An open-work brick balcony is attached to the east side of the tower.


115-121 Kent Street, Millers Point
115-121 Kent Street, Millers Point are heritage-listed terrace houses located at 115-121 Kent Street, in the inner city Sydney suburb of Millers Point in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. The property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.


115-121 Kent Street, Millers Point, History
Millers Point is one of the earliest areas of European settlement in Australia, and a focus for maritime activities. First tenanted by the NSW Department of Housing in 1983.


115-121 Kent Street, Millers Point, Description
One of a group of two storey Victorian Italianate terraces in good condition. Of particular note is the elaborate parapet with many classical details concealing dormer windows to the attics and the fine cast iron balustrades and columns to the verandahs on both levels. This terrace contains four one-bedroom units. Storeys: Two; Construction: Painted rendered masonry walls, slate roof to main body of house corrugated galvanised iron to balcony roof and rear wing. Decorative iron lace. Painted timber joinery. Style: Victorian Italianate.


115-121 Kent Street, Millers Point, Heritage listing
As at 23 November 2000, one of a group of well detailed Victorian Italianate terrace houses. Elaborately modelled facade. Important streetscape element.