11Eleven Project, Background
Lauren has listed four main objectives in achieving the 11Eleven Project; to unite the world on a memorable date, to create a time capsule of the world at a stage in time, to reveal the similarities that exist amongst people worldwide, and to raise money and awareness to charities supporting the United Nations Millennium Development Goals.


11Eleven Project, Background
Lauren has also mentioned in a statement that "11/11 is Remembrance Day and Armistice globally. In most of the major religions and philosophies, the number 11 is also considered a very spiritual number."


11Eleven Project, Production
The brief of the project was to submit video footage, audio recordings and/or images created on 11/11/11. This was publicly posted across various forms of social media and submitted to the project. Such networks used were Facebook, Twitter, SoundCloud and YouTube. The content of what was submitted was unrestricted for its contributors, with the only condition being that it must have been created on 11/11/11.


11Eleven Project, Production
Post-production commenced on 12 November 2011. Submissions were received from 179 countries.


11Eleven Project, Production
A preview screening was held in Sydney Town Hall on 21 September 2012 to gather viewer feedback. The film premiered worldwide on 11 November 2012. Screening locations included Australia, the United States, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Uganda and more.


11Eleven Project, Production
The 11Eleven Project film soundtrack, which is also crowdsourced and user-generated, has been released on iTunes to purchase for download.


11Eleven Project, Production
The 11Eleven Project photographic book, containing 1440 photographs (one photo for every minute of 11/11/11), is due for release.


11Live: Jars of Clay in Concert
11Live: Jars of Clay in Concert is a concert video DVD recorded and released by Jars of Clay's tour in support of their studio album, The Eleventh Hour. The audio version of the tracks from the concert DVD appear on disc two of Furthermore: From the Studio, From the Stage, with the exception of "Love Song for a Savior", "Unforgetful You", "The Edge of Water" and "Collide", while the songs "This Road" and "The Eleventh Hour" are both omitted from this DVD release. 11Live features eighteen live performances and behind-the-scenes material with the band. There is also an Easter egg that can be found on the main title screen by clicking on the hour-glass in the lower-right corner which plays the live version of "Frail" recorded at the Stringtown concert.


11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR
11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR is a periodic Jupiter-family comet in the Solar System.


11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR
Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel (Marseille) originally discovered the comet on November 27, 1869, it was later observed by Lewis Swift (Warner Observatory) on October 11, 1880, and realised to be the same comet.


11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR
After 1908 the comet became an unobservable lost comet, but on December 7, 2001, an object was found by the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) program, and confirmed by previous images from September 10 and October 17 as being the same comet. The comet was not observed during the 2008 unfavorable apparition because the perihelion passage occurred when the comet was on the far side of the Sun. The comet was observed during the 2014 and 2020 apparitions.


11Q13
11Q13, also 11QMelch or the Melchizedek document, is a fragmentary manuscript among the Dead Sea Scrolls (from Cave 11) which mentions Melchizedek as leader of God's angels in a war in Heaven against the angels of darkness instead of the more familiar Archangel Michael. The text is an apocalyptic commentary on the Jubilee year of Leviticus 25. The Dead Sea Scrolls contain texts in Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek, the language of 11Q13 is Hebrew, date of composition is circa 100 BCE.


11Q13, "Elohim"
In the fragmentary passage the term "Elohim" appears a dozen times, mainly referring to the God of Israel, but in commentary on "who says to Zion "Your Elohim reigns" (Isa. 52;7) 11Q13 states that Zion is the congregation of all the sons of righteousness, while Melchizedek is "Your Elohim" whowill deliver the sons of righteousness from Belial.


11Q13, Content
11QMelchII... And concerning that which He said, In [this] year ofJubilee [each of you shall return to his property (Lev. xxv, 13); and likewise, And this is the manner of release:] every creditor shall release that which he has lent [to his neighbour. He shall not exact it of his neighbour and his brother], for God's release [has been proclaimed] (Deut. xv, 2). [ And it will be proclaimed at] the end of days concerning the captives as [He said, To proclaim liberty to the captives (Isa. lxi, 1).


11Q13, Content
Its interpretation is that He] will assign them to the Sons of Heaven and to the inheritance of Melchizedek; f[or He will cast] their [lot] amid the po[rtions of Melchize]dek, who will return them there and will proclaim to them liberty, forgiving them [the wrong-doings] of all their iniquities. And this thing will [occur] in the first week of the Jubilee that follows the nine Jubilees. And the Day of Atonement is the e[nd of the] tenth [Ju]bilee, when all the Sons of [Light] and the men of the lot of Mel[chi]zedek will be atoned for. [


11Q13, Content
And] a statute concerns them [to prov]ide them with their rewards. For this is the moment of the Year of Grace for Melchizedek. [ And h]e will, by his strength, judge the holy ones of God, executing judgement as it is written concerning him in the Songs of David, who said, ELOHIM has taken his place in the divine council; in the midst of the gods he holds judgement (Psalms lxxxii, 1).


11Q13, Content
And it was concerning him that he said, (Let the assembly of the peoples) return to the height above them; EL (god) will judge the peoples (Psalms vii, 7-8). As for that which he s[aid, Howlong will you] judge unjustly and showpartiality to the wicked? Selah (Psalms lxxxii, 2), its interpretation concerns Belial and the spirits of his lot [who] rebelled by turning away from the precepts of God to ...


11Q13, Content
And Melchizedek will avenge the vengeance of the judgements of God... and he will drag [them from the hand of] Belial and from the hand of all the sp[irits of] his [lot].And all the 'gods [of Justice'] will come to his aid [to] attend to the de[struction] of Belial. And the height is ... all the sons of God... this ... This is the day of [Peace/Salvation] concerning which [God] spoke [through Isa]iah the prophet, who said, [


11Q13, Content
How] beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of the messenger who proclaims peace, who brings good news, who proclaims salvation, who says to Zion: Your ELOHIM [reigns] (Isa. lii, 7). Its interpretation; the mountains are the prophets... and the messenger is the Anointed one of the spirit, concerning whom Dan[iel] said, [Until an anointed one, a prince (Dan. ix, 25)] ... [ And he who brings] good [news] , who proclaims [salvation]: it is concerning him that it is written... [ To comfort all who mourn, to grant to those who mourn in Zion] (Isa. lxi, 2-3).


11Q13, Content
To comfort [those who mourn: its interpretation], to make them understand all the ages of t[ime] ... In truth ... will turn away from Belial... by the judgement[s] of God, as it is written concerning him, [who says to Zion] ; your ELOHIM reigns. Zion is ..., those who uphold the Covenant, who turn from walking [in] the way of the people. And your ELOHIM is [Melchizedek, who will save them from] the hand of Belial. As for that which He said, Then you shall send abroad the trump[et in] all the land (Lev. xxv, 9) ...


11Q18 New Jerusalem
11Q18 is a Dead Sea Scroll discovered in Cave 11 that speaks of a New Jerusalem.


11S globulin family
11S globulin family is a family of globulin proteins chiefly found in seeds of legumes (legumin-like), along with 7S family, often found in a protein fraction within an protein isolate. They are used as storage of important nutrients for plant growth, and therefore hardy enough to pass through the human digestive system unscathed. One common example of an 11S globulin includes glycinin derived from soy.


11S globulin family, Name
The term 11S refers to the sedimentation coefficient, with a range of 10.5–13 versus the vicilin-like globulins (7S family) with coefficients of 7.0–9.0


11S globulin family, Characteristics
It is characterized by a hexamer (with hexagonal shape). Several residues are conserved among 11S family. Like other globulins, they are not completely digested and broken into amino acids and have the potential to bind to various proteins in the body and can exert effects independent of their amino acids constituents, even after consumption. They tend to have high emulsifying effects.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc
The 11e régiment parachutiste de choc ("11th shock parachute regiment), often called 11e choc, was an elite parachute regiment of the French Army. It used to serve as the armed branch of the SDECE. Its insignia, designed by lieutenant Dupas, features Bagheera in the moonlight and a golden wing. The motto is Qui ose gagne ("who dares wins"), in continuation of the tradition of the British Special Air Service.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
The 11e choc was meant from the start to constitute a reserve of soldiers available to the French special services. The 11e choc was initially composed of one single battalion, the 11e bataillon parachutiste de choc. From 1 September 1946, it was stationed in Mont-Louis.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
In the aftermath of the Second World War, an "action service" of the SDECE was created by Jacques Morlane. It grouped veterans of the Second World War having served in the Bataillon de Choc of 1936, in the 1er bataillon de choc (founded in 1943), or as SOE agents, as well as veterans of Indochina.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
In spring of 1947, Morlane sent R. Mautaint in Mont-Louis to train the new unit. Mautaint had authored numerous reports on SOE training that inspired that of the French services.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
In July 1947, as the complement of the 11e choc grew, Morlane nominated Paul Aussaresses to replace Mautaint. Aussaresses described his mission as "perform what was by then called 'psychological warfare', wherever it was necessary, notably in Indochina (...) I trained my men for clandestine operations, airborne or otherwise, that could range from building demolition to sabotage or elimination of enemies". From 1952, elements of the 11e choc were sent to Indochina to lead and train the Groupement de commandos mixtes aéroportés (GCMA), though the 11e Choc did not take part in the conflict as a unit.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
Back from Indochina in 1952, Aussaresses was tasked to assassinate supporters of the FLN. Morlane "was convinced that a Soviet invasion was imminent, and had been busy constituting secret weapon caches all over the territory so that, when time would come, a resistance could be organised".


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
On 1 October 1955, a 12e bataillon parachutiste de choc was created. It was stationed in Calvi and Corte, in Corsica. Together, the 11th and 12th Battalions were the 11e demi-brigade parachutiste de choc (11e DBPC), also formed on 1 October. The insignia of the 12e BPC featured an eagle and a star on a parachute background.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
In late October 1956, elements of both battalions took part in the Suez Crisis.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
The 12e BPC was disbanded on 30 April 1957 and immediately re-created as the 1er bataillon parachutiste de choc. Its insignia featured a dagger with a map of France as background, and its motto was En pointe toujours ("at the tip, always"). From 1 May 1957, the 11e DBPC was thus constituted of the 11th BPC, the 1st BPC and the bataillon d'instruction spécialisé (BIS, "training special battalion"), based in Calvi, Corté, Collioure, and Mont-Louis.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
During the Algerian War, the 11e Choc at first deployed a groupement léger d'intervention (GLI, "light intervention group"), and later a groupement de marche (GM 11.DBPC), as well as local antennas of the "action service", and a specialised detachment called DS 111.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
The 11e Choc did not take part in the Algiers putsch of 1961, but some officers did sympathise towards the putschists. The unit was disbanded on 31 December 1963 and its standard handed over to the National Commando Training Centre at Mont-Louis.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
In 1985, general René Imbot, director of the DGSE, re-created the 11e Choc as the 11e régiment parachutiste de choc (11e RPC). In 1988, elements took part in the Ouvéa cave assault.


11e régiment parachutiste de choc, History
The restructuring of the French Intelligence and Special Operations organs following the Gulf War entailed the disbanding of the 11e RPC on 31 December 1993.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo
11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo (Japanese: 11eyes -罪と罰と贖いの少女-, lit. 11eyes: Sin, Damnation, and the Atonement Girl), known simply as 11eyes in its anime adaptation, is a Japanese adult visual novel developed and published by Lass first released on April 25, 2008, for a Microsoft Windows PC as a DVD; 11 eyes is Lass' fourth game. A port playable on the Xbox 360 entitled 11eyes CrossOver was released on April 2, 2009, published by 5pb.. A manga adaptation illustrated by Naoto Ayano began serialization in the October 2009 issue of Kadokawa Shoten's Comp Ace magazine.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo
An anime television series adaptation by Doga Kobo aired in Japan from October to December 2009. A fan disc for Windows entitled 11eyes -Resona Forma- was planned for release at Fall 2010. The anime has been licensed in North America by Sentai Filmworks; distributor Section23 Films announced that it would release the complete box set on January 11, 2011.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Plot
Since losing his sister seven years ago, Kakeru Satsuki has led a vacant life. He has only been able to return to normal with help from his childhood friend, Yuka Minase, and other friends at school. Then one day the sky turns red, the moon turns black, everyone around Kakeru and Yuka disappears and monsters start roaming the streets. This virtual world is nicknamed "Red Night" by the pair.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Plot
After several more incidents, they find four other humans affected by this mysterious phenomenon: Misuzu Kusakabe, a red-haired onmyouji swordswoman; Kukuri Tachibana, a strange mute girl who resembles Kakeru's deceased sister in both looks and name; Yukiko Hirohara, a lively young girl who takes on the personality of a cold killer when her glasses are removed; and Takahisa Tajima, a young pyrokineticist with a heated attitude to boot. Kakeru wants to protect Yuka in return for her constant support and kindness, but is unable to awaken his own hidden power, which Misuzu promises will eventually appear.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Plot
The six of them band together to survive with their special powers, but are soon targeted by grotesque creatures nicknamed "Black Knights" whose ultimate goal is to kill them. The plot thickens when the teenagers find a girl named Lisette trapped in a red crystal guarded by the Black Knights, who begs them to save her from this prison. What is the mystery behind this mysterious phenomenon of Red Night? Who are the Black Knights, and how are they connected to Lisette? Furthermore, is Kukuri's resemblance to Kakeru's dead sister really coincidence? What about Yuka and Kakeru's powers?


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Media, Anime
Kakeru and Yuka are thrown back into the Red Night dimension again. This time they meet a strong young woman named Misuzu Kusakabe, a senior at Rainbow High who saves them from a horde of the evil nightmarish creatures using a lightning sword. As they run away, the two question Mizusu about this world, which she believes to be another dimension created by someone, thus reflecting the same scenery but running on different space-time. Misuzu asks them if they possess any special powers like herself, and the answer is no.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Media, Anime
The trio then try to make their way to the crystal towers in the center of the city, which according to Misuzu are full of powerful energy, for a chance of escape. However, an odd insect-like woman appears before them and declares that they cannot pass. At that, the woman and Misuzu begin to duel. Instead of fighting to win, Misuzu, Yuka and Kakeru are successful in their attempt to flee to the crystal towers, where they stumble upon a young maiden trapped within a crystal. She introduces herself as Lisette and Misuzu believes her to be an enemy who created this world. The trio are attacked by some much-stronger adversaries, earning them the name of "Black Knight" due to their blackish appearance but once again find themselves returned to the normal world.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Media, Anime
The Black Knights converse over the Fragments. Yuka awakens the next morning to see Kakeru dozing on a chair beside her bed. He enquires if she is alright and Yuka assures him and declares she wishes to protect him. Downstairs in the living room, Misuzu and Takahisa discuss Yuka's power, the Red Night and the reason they are chased by the Black Knights. Kakeru confronts Kukuri about the notebook and asks her to leave Yuka alone. After Takahisa leaves to in search of Yukiko, Misuzu checks the oni barrier around her house, which shows hairline cracks.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Media, Anime
Meanwhile Yukiko tells Takahisa about how much everyone means to her and how much loss she has suffered as Kakeru follows Misuzu to her dojo, where Misuzu shows him the mark branded into her shoulder. She then cuts herself and offers Kakeru the power of the Kusakabe by drinking her blood. Yuka witnesses this intimate moment and then faints.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Media, Anime
Shiori comes and tells Kakeru and Misuzu everything about the Red Night and about the Black Knights, revealing herself to be a young magician and librarian of a secret magical organization called the Index. In her explanation, she shows several key facts, starting with the girl in the crystal, Lisette. Lisette is actually the mirror image of a wicked witch named Liselotte, who seeks to destroy the world to fulfill her lover, a man named Verard's, dying wish. 64 years prior, Liselotte was sealed away by Index using a forbidden spell.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Media, Anime
However, by doing so, the various members that accomplished it turned into hideous creatures who are now called the Black Knights, who guard Liselotte's seal. While Liselotte remains trapped, due to her immortality, her soul could only be separated, so that is what the Black Knights did. They split her soul into seven pieces and threw them into different human bodies that resided in different parallel worlds, which have now all been brought together mysteriously in the same world in the form of Kakeru, Yuka, Yukiko, Misuzu, Takahisa, Kukuri, and Shiori.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Media, Anime
If all the fragments of her soul are recollected into Liselotte's body, she can grant her wish to destroy the world by sending it into Hell via the black moon. This makes the Black Knights hunt them for their souls. Shiori is forced to stop when the Red Night appears, and the group is immediately engaged in battle.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Media, Anime
Liselotte awakens and proceeds to kill Yuka and absorb her fragment. Kakeru envisions the flashback and try to reflect the power, but fails. Now that Yuka and Yukiko's fragments have been absorbed, Liselotte gains her dark powers again. Avaritia, in order to protect the remaining fragments, teleport Misuzu and Kakeru out of the Red Night, while Shiori stays behind to fight Liselotte alongside Misao and Avaritia (in his dragon form, Georgius.) Meanwhile, Kakeru and Misuzu try to find out if Yuka is still alive and tries to find their way back into the Red Night. As Shiori is about to be absorbed and killed by Liselotte, Kukuri appears and transforms into Abraxus, the spirit inhabiting her body and Misao tries to hold Liselotte still while Avaritia fires a blast at them.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Media, Music
The original 11eyes visual novel has three pieces of theme music; one opening theme, one ending theme, and one insert song. The opening theme is "Lunatic Tears" by Ayane, the ending theme is "Kegare Naki Yume" (穢れ亡き夢) by Asriel, and the insert song is "Bōkyaku no Tsurugi" (忘却の剣) by Ayane. 11eyes CrossOver has one opening theme, "Endless Tears..." by Ayane, and one ending theme, "Tsuioku no Chikai" (追憶の誓い) by Asriel. A soundtrack album of music from the games was released on May 5, 2009, by Lass, although it was never sold commercially. The anime series' opening theme is "Arrival of Tears" by Ayane, and the ending theme is "Sequentia" by Asriel. The trailer of the PSP version of 11eyes Crossover used the song "Shinjitsu e no Requiem" (真実ヘの鎮魂歌) by Ayane.


11eyes: Tsumi to Batsu to Aganai no Shōjo, Reception
The anime's music was cited as one of its strong points by Anime News Network's Theron Martin. Martin said 11 Eyes tries to "do something different" for the genre but it doesn't have "the caliber" for this. He praised some things: the plot twist, and the second half of the series but he stated the good moments are "infrequent". Chris Beveridge from Mania.com compared it with Venus Versus Virus, and noted 11 Eyes "has some nice ideas but didn't execute it well".


11gatsu no Anklet
"11gatsu no Anklet" (11月のアンクレット, Jūichi gatsu no ankuretto, "November's Anklet") is the 50th single by AKB48, released on November 22, 2017. The song was performed during CDTV's Halloween Special Festival and Mayu Watanabe's graduation concert before its release.


11gatsu no Anklet
The coupling song "Ikiru koto ni Nekkyou wo" was performed on the group's variety show AKBingo! on October 4, 2017.


11gatsu no Anklet
It is also Mayu Watanabe's last single appearance with the group.


11gatsu no Anklet, Release and Promotion
The CD was released in various editions: five limited editions (Type A, Type B, Type C, Type D and Type E) as well as five regular editions (Type A, B, C, D and E) and a Theater Edition. The center for this single is Mayu Watanabe and this is her last single as an AKB48 member.


11gatsu no Anklet, Release and Promotion
A short version for the music was released on YouTube on October 29, 2017. The full version was released on YouTube on March 13, 2018, after the 51st single, "Jabaja"'s music video was released on February 27, 2018.


11i (album)
11i is the third studio album by Supreme Beings of Leisure. It was released in 2008.


11me Escadrille de Chasse
The 11ème Escadrille de Chasse was the third and last fighter squadron of the Belgian Air Component during World War I. It was organized as a dedicated fighter unit in March 1918, to fill out a fighter wing that supported the Belgian Army's advance near war's end.


11me Escadrille de Chasse, History
The 11ème Escadrille de Chasse was founded in March 1918 as the third dedicated squadron of the newly formed Groupe de Chasse of the Aviation Militaire Belge. It would take until 28 May for the new squadron to become operational. The new unit used a unit insignia upon its airplanes that was adopted from Willy Coppens's personal insignia with his consent. The new escadrille scored its first victory on 27 September 1918. In its short existence, the squadron claimed twelve wins and was credited with seven verified aerial victories. In turn, it suffered two pilots KIA and one pilot WIA.


11me Escadrille de Chasse, Aircraft
The squadron was founded with castoff Sopwith Camels from 1ère Escadrille de Chasse as well as a few Hanriot HD.1s.


11me Escadrille de Chasse, Operations
At the start of World War I, Belgium was neutral. An overwhelming invasion by the German army left Belgium partially occupied by the end of 1914, with its preserved territory shielded by deliberate defensive flooding at Nieuwpoort by the Belgians. As a result, the Aviation Militaire Belgium was based in the diminished remnant of a small country, and performed largely in a static defensive mode. In March 1918, the 11ème Escadrille de Chasse was founded as a dedicated fighter squadron capable of being included in combined Allied operations. Its success coincided with the September 1918 Belgian Army advance.


11mm French Ordnance
The 11mm French Ordnance is a rimmed black powder cartridge intended for the 11 mm MAS 1873-1874 revolver in service with the French Army. The velocity and power of the first variant, equivalent to the .25 ACP, was weak for its time. The second variant, 1873–90, corresponded in power to the .32 ACP.


11oz.
11oz. is an EP by the Huntington Beach, California punk rock band Guttermouth, released in 1993 by Hopeless Records. It was the first release put out by the label and is currently out of print. The song "Just a Fucking Lounge Version" is a lounge-singer-esque recreation of their song "Just A Fuck" from the band's debut 7" Puke, while "Sid Vicious Was Innocent" is a song originally performed by the Exploited, with altered lyrics written by Guttermouth. The EP's title and artwork are based on 11oz. bottles of Lucky Lager, which bore cryptograms inside their bottlecaps. The cryptogram on the cover equates to "fingerbang Guttermouth piece of shit."


11s up (solitaire)
11s Up is a multi-level speed game using one deck of playing cards. The object of the game is to remove the entire tableau by adding groups of cards that add up to 11. Alternate names include Ace Solitaire and +11 Solitaire.


11s up (solitaire), Rules, Layout
11s Up has a double diamond shaped tableau. Towards the bottom are the deck, the two dealt piles, and the discard pile.


11s up (solitaire), Rules, Game-play
Remove any two or more exposed cards that add up to 11, e.g. 4♦ + 3♠ + 2♣ + 1♣ + 1♦= 11 (note: Aces are given a value of 1).


11s up (solitaire), Rules, Game-play
One card at a time is turned up from the deck. If the first card cannot be used, it is moved to the second dealt pile when you deal the next card. If the card in the second dealt pile cannot be used, it replaces empty spaces on the tableau. If there are no spaces available in the tableau, the card is discarded to the waste pile.


11s up (solitaire), Rules, Game-play
The game ends when there are no more cards in the deck and no more cards can be removed. To win the entire tableau must be removed.


11s up (solitaire), Rules, Scoring
Each card removed earns points, with point values determined by where the cards are located. There are many variations of scoring, one being the following:


11s up (solitaire), Rules, Scoring
An alternative scoring system awards 100 points for Dealt Piles, 200-500 points for Levels 1-4 respectively, and 800 points for Level 5, with a 10,000 point bonus for removing the entire tableau (excluding the extra fields).


11th (East Africa) Division
The 11th (East Africa) Infantry Division was a British Empire colonial unit formed in February 1943 during the Second World War.


11th (East Africa) Division, Formation
In 1943, the 11th (East Africa) Division was formed primarily of troops from British East Africa. The division should not be confused with the earlier 11th (African) Division which was composed of brigades both from British East Africa and from Nigeria in British West Africa, fought in the East African Campaign and was disbanded in late 1941.


11th (East Africa) Division, Combat history
The Division was composed of troops from Kenya, Uganda, Nyasaland, Tanganyika, Southern Rhodesia, Northern Rhodesia, and from Belgian Congo. The 11th (East Africa) Division fought with the Fourteenth Army in Burma during the Burma Campaign. In the later part of 1944, the division pursued the Japanese retreating from Imphal down the Kabaw valley and established bridgeheads over the Chindwin River. In 1945, elements of the division played a part in the Battle of Meiktila and Mandalay.


11th (East Africa) Division, Order of battle, 26th East African Brigade
Under Brig. V. K. H. Channer (to 18 November 1944), and Brig. A. P. Walsh (from 18 November 1944):


11th (North Auckland) Mounted Rifles
The 11th (North Auckland) Mounted Rifles was formed on 17 March 1911. They were mobilised during World War I as a squadron of the Auckland Mounted Rifles Regiment. They served in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I and first saw action during the Battle of Gallipoli. As a part of the larger New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade (of the ANZAC Mounted Division) they went on to serve in the Sinai and Palestine campaign.


11th (North Auckland) Mounted Rifles, Between the wars
They became the 9th New Zealand Mounted Rifles (North Auckland) in 1921 and later was renamed the North Auckland Mounted Rifles, which was absorbed into the 1st Armoured Regiment, on 29 March 1944.


11th (Northern) Division
The 11th (Northern) Division, was an infantry division of the British Army during the First World War, raised from men who had volunteered for Lord Kitchener's New Armies. The division fought in the Gallipoli Campaign and on the Western Front. The division's insignia was an ankh or ankhus.


11th (Northern) Division, History
The division came into existence on 21 August 1914 under Army Order No. 324, which authorised the formation of the first six new divisions of Kitchener's Army. The division was composed of early wartime volunteers and assembled at Belton Park near Grantham.


11th (Northern) Division, History
By mid-1915, the recruits were judged to be ready for active service, and the division sailed for the Mediterranean in June-July 1915. As part of the Suvla Bay landing force, it reinforced the British expeditionary force at Gallipoli, on 7 August. The 6th (Service) Battalion, Alexandra, Princess of Wales Own (Yorkshire Regiment) (32nd Brigade) was the first "Kitchener unit" to be involved in a major offensive operation of the war. Its action at Lala Baba Hill, on 7 August, was costly: all but three of its officers were killed, including the CO, Colonel E. H. Chapman, were killed. Afterwards the hill was known to the Allies as York Hill. The division continued to serve at Gallipoli, suffering high casualties, until the evacuation of Suvla in December 1915. It then spent a period of time in Egypt, guarding the Suez Canal.


11th (Northern) Division, History
The division was transferred to France in mid-1916 and saw action in the Battle of the Somme. It remained on the Western Front until the armistice of 11 November 1918.


11th (Northern) Division, History
On 28 June 1919, exactly five years since the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the 11th (Northern) Division was officially disbanded, having sustained more than 32,100 casualties during the war.


11th (Northern) Division, Order of battle
(Serving dismounted) – attached at Suvla 9 October to 15 November 1915


11th AARP Movies for Grownups Awards
The 11th AARP Movies for Grownups Awards, presented by AARP the Magazine, honored films released in 2011 and were announced on January 20, 2012. The ceremony was hosted by actor Michael Nouri on February 6, 2012 at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Los Angeles. Sharon Stone was the winner of the annual Career Achievement Award, and Martin Scorsese won the award for Breakthrough Achievement for his film, Hugo.


11th AARP Movies for Grownups Awards, Awards, Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger ().


11th ALMA Awards
The 11th ALMA Awards honored the accomplishments made by Hispanics in film, television, and music in 2008. The ceremony was held on September 17, 2009 at the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium.


11th ALMA Awards
The ceremony aired on ABC for the last time after 9 years, moving to NBC in 2011.


11th ALMA Awards, Winners and nominees
The following is a list of the nominees from film, television, and music; the winners are bolded.


11th AVN Awards
The 11th AVN Awards ceremony, organized by Adult Video News (AVN), honored pornographic films released in 1993 and took place on January 8, 1994, at Bally's Hotel and Casino in Paradise, Nevada beginning at 7:45 p.m. PST / 10:45 p.m. EST. During the ceremony, AVN presented AVN Awards in 78 categories. The ceremony was produced by Gary Miller. Actor Randy West hosted the show for the third time; his co-hosts were actresses Summer Knight and Janine Lindemulder.


11th AVN Awards
Justine: Nothing to Hide 2 won eight awards, including Best Film and Best Director for Paul Thomas. A comedy, Haunted Nights, took six awards, while Hidden Obsessions and a gay movie, Romeo & Julian, each won four.


11th AVN Awards, Winners and nominees
Justine: Nothing to Hide 2 led all nominees with thirteen nominations; Whispered Lies had twelve.


11th AVN Awards, Winners and nominees
The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on January 8, 1994. Jonathan Morgan took home four statuettes, the best showing ever for a male performer. Mike Horner’s award for Best Actor—Film tied him with Eric Edwards as the only other three-time best actor winner.


11th AVN Awards, Winners and nominees, Major awards
Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger ().


11th AVN Awards, Winners and nominees, Additional award winners
These awards were also announced at the awards show, in two winners-only segments read by Angela Summers and Summer Knight.


11th AVN Awards, Winners and nominees, Honorary AVN Awards, Hall of Fame
AVN Hall of Fame inductees for 1994 were: Buck Adams, Juliet Anderson, Bionca, Tiffany Clark, Lisa De Leeuw, Steve Drake, Harold Lime, Robert McCallum, Ed Powers, Janus Rainer, Mitchell Spinelli, Raven Touchstone


11th AVN Awards, Winners and nominees, Multiple nominations and awards
Among the movies receiving the most nominations were: Justine: Nothing to Hide 2 with 13, Whispered Lies with 12 and Haunted Nights with nine.


11th AVN Awards, Presenters and performers
The following individuals, in order of appearance, presented awards or performed musical numbers. The show's trophy girls were Christina Angel and Felecia.


11th AVN Awards, Ceremony information
Actor Randy West hosted the show for the third consecutive year. His co-host for the first half of the show was Janine Lindemulder while Summer Knight co-hosted the last half. Randy West opened the show with a song, “What Do You Call a Movie?”, the lyrics of which contained titles of about 40 movies from the past year.


11th AVN Awards, Ceremony information
Several other people were involved with the production of the ceremony. The live show was produced by Gary Miller while musical direction was undertaken by Mark J. Miller. A VHS videotape of the show was also published and sold by VCA Pictures, which was produced and directed by S. Marco Di Mercurio.


11th AVN Awards, Ceremony information
Just prior to presentation of the award for Best All-Girl Sex Scene—Video, Shane pulled out an engagement ring at the podium and proposed marriage to her co-presenter Seymore Butts. A surprised Seymore Butts then pulled an engagement ring out of his pocket and said he had also intended to propose to Shane that evening, then promptly went down on his knees to do so.


11th AVN Awards, Ceremony information
There were several new categories this year, or categories now split in two between film and video: Best Sex Scene—Film (Group), Best Sex Scene—Film (Couple), Best Sex Scene—Film (All-Girl), Best Sex Scene—Video (Group), Best Sex Scene—Video (Couple), Best Sex Scene—Video (All-Girl), Best Anal Sex Scene, Best Art Direction—Film, Best Art Direction—Video, Best Explicit Series, Best Foreign Release, Best Amateur Series, Best Pro-Am Series, Best Alternative Release—Video, Best Alternative Release—Film, Best Gay Alternative Video Release, Best Gay Alternative Specialty Video.


11th AVN Awards, Ceremony information
Hidden Obsessions was announced as the top selling movie of the year, while New Wave Hookers 3 was announced as the top renting tape of the year.


11th Academy Awards
The 11th Academy Awards were held on February 23, 1939, at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles, California. It was the first Academy Awards show without any official host. This was also the first ceremony in which a foreign language film (Jean Renoir's Grand Illusion) was nominated for Best Picture.


11th Academy Awards
Frank Capra became the first person to win three Best Director awards, to be followed by John Ford (who would go on to win four) and William Wyler.


11th Academy Awards
This was the first of only two times in Oscar history that three of the four acting awards were won by repeat winners; only Fay Bainter was a first-time award winner. The only other time that this happened was at the 67th Academy Awards in 1994. Fay Bainter also was the first actress in the history of the Oscars to receive two acting nominations in the same year. In addition, Spencer Tracy became the first of only two lead actors to win two years in a row; the other one, Tom Hanks, also did so in 1994. George Bernard Shaw's screenplay win would make him the only person to win both a Nobel Prize and an Academy Award until Bob Dylan received the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 2001 and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016.


11th Academy Awards
Radio coverage was banned at the 1939 ceremony. A reporter, George Fischer from Mutual Radio Network, KHJ, Los Angeles, which had been reporting from the Academy Awards since 1930, locked himself into a booth and was able to broadcast for about 12-minutes before security guards broke down the door. Partial radio coverage was permitted again at the 1942 ceremony.


11th Aero Squadron
The 11th Aero Squadron was a United States Army Air Service unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I.


11th Aero Squadron
The squadron was assigned as a Day Bombardment Squadron, performing long-range bombing attacks on roads and railroads; destruction of materiel and massed troop formations behind enemy lines. It also performed strategic reconnaissance over enemy-controlled territory, and tactical bombing attacks on enemy forces in support of Army offensive operations. After the 1918 Armistice with Germany, the squadron returned to the United States in May 1919 and became part of the permanent United States Army Air Service in 1921, being re-designated as the 11th Squadron (Bombardment).


11th Aero Squadron
The 11th earned battle honors for the Lorraine, St. Mihiel, and Meuse-Argonne Offensives. George McManus, creator of the Mr. Jiggs in his syndicated comic strip, Bringing Up Father, was a member of the squadron and designer of the squadron insignia, a mischievous Jiggs expressing devilment and hustling along with a bomb under one arm.


11th Aero Squadron
The current United States Air Force unit which holds its lineage and history is the 11th Bomb Squadron, assigned to the 2d Operations Group, Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Origins
The 11th Aero Squadron was organized at Kelly Field, Texas on 26 June 1917. It was initially formed as 2d Company B, Provisional Aviation School Squadron. After initial training in drill and basic soldiering, the squadron was ordered to Scott Field, Illinois on 10 August 1917. At Scott Field, the 11th was assigned to assemble and train on Curtiss JN-4D and Standard J-1 trainers. After three and a half months, orders for overseas duty were received and on 6 December and moved to the Aviation Concentration Center, Garden City, New York. After a week of preparation, the squadron sailed on the RMS Orduna on 17 December, arriving at Glasgow, Scotland on 31 December. It boarded a train at Glasgow and proceeded to the American Rest Camp, Winchester, England on 1 January 1918.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Training in England
At Winchester, the 11th was attached to the British Royal Flying Corps for technical training prior to being sent to combat in France. A and D Flights were sent to the RFC No. 1 Training Depot Station (No 1 T.D.S) at RFC Stamford, Lincolnshire; B Flight was sent to No. 10 T.D.S at RFC Harling Road, Norfolk, and C Flight to No. 7 T.D.S, RFC Feltwell, Norfolk. At these stations, personnel received training on maintaining various English and French aircraft being used at the front.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Training in England
On 1 May, the squadron was re-assembled at No 1 T.D.S at Stamford and began a period of advanced training and began instructional duty for newly assigned Air Service personnel. On 24 June, it was moved to RFC Waddington, Lincolnshire, where again they acted as instructors for newly assigned Air Service units. A final move to Winchester was made on 7 August where the squadron received its final inspection by the RFC and was issued some basic equipment prior to its move to France.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Combat in France
It crossed the English Channel on 13 August, arriving at the port of Le Havre, where it boarded a troop train arriving at the Air Service Replacement Concentration Barracks, Saint Maixent, on the 14th. After a stay of five days for final equipment issue, the 11th Aero Squadron was moved to the "Zone of Advance" (the Western Front), transiting through the Air Service Production Center No. 2, at Romorantin, before reaching Delouze Aerodrome.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Combat in France
There the 11th was designated as a Day Bombardment squadron, and to be assigned to the 1st Day Bombardment Group when it was formed on next 10 September. On 1 September 1918, seven teams of pilots and observers/bombardiers reported, ferrying a complement of American-built Dayton-Wright DH-4 aircraft from the 1st Air Depot at Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome. A period of time was spent giving the DH-4s a through overhauling, before proceeding to Amanty Airdrome on 6 September where the squadron was organized into a combat unit and familiarization flights were made. Another move to Maulan Aerodrome on 24 September was made which would be where the 11th AS would enter combat.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Combat in France
The first combat mission was flown on 26 September when a formation of nine aircraft crossed enemy lines on a bombing raid on Etain, flying at 12,000 feet. The raid was assessed as being very successful, and all the US aircraft returned to Maulan. The 11th didn't carry out a raid again until 2 October, although several of its flying crews were loaned to the 96th Aero Squadron to operate that unit's Breguet XIVs.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Combat in France
On 1 October the 11th and 20th Aero Squadrons experimented with a large combined formation, with each unit forming one arm of a "V"; the 11th formed the left arm and the 20th the right arm. However the 11th was having severe problems with the Liberty V-12 engines of its DH-4s and the formation broke up shortly after and the raid was abandoned.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Combat in France
The squadron's next combat mission was a bombing raid on Saint-Juvin on 2 October. The bombing was assessed as successful, and all the squadron aircraft returned to Maulan. On 4 October, a successful afternoon raid on Doulcon was carried out by the 11th and 20th Aero Squadrons. On 5 October the squadron bombed Aincreville from 15,000 feet with six airplanes. 6 October saw eight aircraft from the squadron raided Doulcon, about 45 km north west of Verdun, in a trial of low-level bombing from 4,000 feet. Although the DH-4s experienced heavy fire from ground machine guns, no enemy aircraft were seen and all the US aircraft returned.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Combat in France
The squadron's next raid was three days later, on 9 October, when seven DH-4s bombed Saint-Juvin from 10,000 feet. The next day, the squadron carried out a morning raid on the railway yards at Milly-sur-Bradon on 10 October from 12,000 feet and returned safely. The afternoon saw another raid on Milly-sur-Bradon, which was bombed from 11,500 feet by eight aircraft. A third raid on Milly-sur-Bradon was ordered in the late afternoon, and the DH-4s were made ready, but the operation was cancelled before takeoff. On 18 October, eleven DH-4s bombed Bayonville though mist.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Combat in France
On 23 October the squadron took part in a combined group raid on Buzancy when five Fokkers were seen near Bayonville, followed by another five Fokkers and one Albatross south of Buzancy. One enemy aircraft went down 'out of control' near Imecourt. A German aerodrome between Barricourt and Bayonville was visited by 10 squadron DH-4s on 31 October, and the formation was attacked by ten Fokkers over Tailly. The 11th also bombed Martincourt on 3 November.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Combat in France
On 4 November 12 aircraft took off to bomb Cheveney le Château from 12,000 feet. Three aircraft were forced to turn back with engine problems before the formation reached the Lines. Back at Maulan, 1Lt Cyrus J Gatton, from Bozeman, Montana, a flight commander and veteran of 12 missions with the French and 13 with the Air Service, and 2Lt G E Bures, a four-mission veteran from Cicero, Illinois, both of whom had just returned to the squadron from leave, volunteered to reinforce the raiders. Five minutes after the departure of the main formation, they took off from Maulan in another DH-4 and endeavored to catch up with the formation, only to be shot down when in sight of the main body, probably by flak. Both airmen were killed.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Combat in France
After bombing, the formation was attacked by about twenty Fokker D VIIs from Jagdgeschwader 1's Jasta 11, one of which was flown by Ltn Friedrich Noltenius, an ace then credited with 20 victories. Noltenius concentrated on AS 32905, flown by 1Lt Dana E. Coates with 2Lt Lauren Thrall as observer, and hit the fuel tank, setting the aircraft on fire. It was Noltenius's 21st, and last, victory of the War. The DH-4 crashed near the town of Stenay and the crew was killed; they were buried by French civilians. (Although the DH-4 was nicknamed 'The Flaming Coffin', only eight of the 33 Air Service DH-4s lost to enemy action were shot down in flames.)


11th Aero Squadron, History, Combat in France
A raid on Mouzon by the 11th Aero Squadron on 5 November was abandoned due to adverse weather; it was the squadron's last operation of the War. The Armistice came into effect at 11.00 (Allied time) on 11 November 1918. In combat, the 11th Aero Squadron made 32 bombing raids, engaged in 17 combats, and credited with 13 victories. The squadron suffered 20 casualties: 10 killed, 1 wounded, 8 prisoners, and 1 missing in action.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Demobilization
With the sudden end of combat, the Air Service was slow to return its personnel back to the United States. The 11th Aero Squadron initially remained at Maulan Airdrome until mid-January 1919 when orders were received for the squadron to report to the 1st Air Depot, Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome to turn in all of its supplies and equipment and was relieved from duty with the AEF. The squadron's DH-4 aircraft were delivered to the Air Service Production Center No. 2. at Romorantin Aerodrome, and there, practically all of the pilots and observers were detached from the squadron.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Demobilization
Personnel were subsequently assigned to the commanding general, services of supply, and ordered to report to one of several staging camps in France . The 11th was moved to several stations for the next several months while awaiting scheduling to report to one of the base ports in France for transport to the United States and subsequent demobilization.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Demobilization
Finally on 16 April, it was ordered to proceed to the port of Bordeaux, where it boarded a troop ship for the voyage back to the United States. Leaving on 21 April 1919, it arrived in the Port of New York City about 30 April where it transferred to Camp Mills, Long Island the next day. There most of the men of the 11th Aero Squadron were demobilized, and returned to civilian life.


11th Aero Squadron, History, Notable personnel
DSC: Distinguished Service Cross; SSC: Silver Star Citation KIA: Killed In Action


11th Africa Movie Academy Awards
The 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards ceremony honouring films of 2014 was scheduled to take place in June 2015 but held on 26 September 2015. The gala night was moved to June as opposed to the regular March–May season in honour of Michael Anyiam-Osigwe, a longtime entertainment patron and brother to the founder and former C.E.O. of the award ceremony, Peace Anyiam-Osigwe. This years' award will be the first in the post-Osigwe's era of the ceremony, after her formal resignation in March.


11th Africa Movie Academy Awards, Ceremony information
Entries to the ceremony were originally opened from 1 September 2014 to 1 December 2014. However, the closing date was extended to 31 January 2015 to enable more entries. Films and documentaries that were produced from December 2013 to December 2014 were eligible for selection. A total of 800 films were submitted to the Film Academy. The nomination ceremony was held in May before the Nigerian presidential inauguration date on the 29th.


11th Air Corps (Germany)
XI. Fliegerkorps (11th Air Corps) was a formation  of the German Luftwaffe in World War II.


11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States)
The 11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade is an air defense artillery brigade of the United States Army stationed at Fort Bliss.


11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States), Lineage
The unit was initially constituted 25 January 1907 in the Regular Army as the 133rd Company, Coast Artillery Corps. Organized 1 August 1907 at Fort Terry, New York. Redesignated 3 July 1916 as the 3d Company, Fort Terry (New York). Redesignated 31 August 1917 as the 13th Company, Coast Defenses of Long Island Sound. Redesignated in December 1917 as Battery A, 56th Artillery (Coast Artillery Corps). Demobilized 31 July 1921 at Camp Jackson, South Carolina.


11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States), Lineage
Reconstituted 1 June 1922 in the Regular Army; concurrently consolidated with the 4th Company, Coast Defenses of Long Island Sound (organized in June 1917 as the 7th Company, Fort H.G. Wright (New York); redesignated 31 August 1917 as the unit was redesignated as the 133rd Company, Coast Artillery Corps.


11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States), Lineage
Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Antiaircraft Artillery Group was constituted 19 December 1942 in the Army of the United States as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Antiaircraft Automatic Weapons Group. Activated 20 January 1943 at Camp Davis, North Carolina. Redesignated 26 May 1943 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Antiaircraft Artillery Group. Inactivated 6 October 1945 in Germany. Allotted 9 December 1948 to the Regular Army. Activated 15 January 1949 at Fort Bliss, Texas.


11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States), Recent history
The brigade served in the Persian Gulf War, during which the brigade recorded the first intercept of a ballistic missile in combat. Prior to its deployment it consisted of:


11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States), Recent history
1st Battalion, 2nd ADA (Chaparral)2nd Battalion, 7th ADA (Patriot)3rd Battalion, 43rd ADA (Patriot)2nd Battalion, 1st ADA Task Force with 2-1 ADA (Hawk) and 2-43 ADA (Patriot)


11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States), Recent history
The 1st Battalion, 2nd ADA was left behind at Fort Stewart when the brigade deployed. Battery D, 1st Battalion, 7th ADA (Patriot) was attached from 94th ADA Brigade, 32nd AADCOM in Europe, and 2nd Battalion, 43rd ADA was attached from 10th ADA Brigade, 32nd AADCOM.


11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States), Recent history
Thomas D. Dinackus notes that every battalion that was part of the brigade received the Valorous Unit Award, despite three of the battalions (those not equipped with Patriot) not having fired a single shot in anger.


11th Air Defense Division
The 11th Air Defense Division (Serbo-Croatian: 11. divizija protivvazdušne odbrane/ 11. дивизија противваздушне одбране) was an air defense division established in 1964 1st Air Defense Zone (Serbo-Croatian: 1. zona protivvazdušne odbrane / 1. зона противваздушне одбране).


11th Air Defense Division, History
The 1st Air Defense Zone was formed in 1964, and it was reorganized into 11th Air Defense Division on July 25, 1966. The divisions command was at Belgrade - Banjica. Its task was aerial defense of eastern part of the airspace of Yugoslavia. It has consisted from five regiments, two fighter aviation regiments, two rocket air defense regiments and one air reconnaissance regiment, and other smaller units. It was disbanded on February 28, 1986, when its command was reorganized into command of 1st Corps of Air Force and Air Defense.


11th Air Division
The 11th Air Division was an air division of the United States Air Force. It provided for the air defense of northern Alaska and supervised base operations at major and minor installations in that area. It furnished detachments at Ice Station Alpha, Drift Station Charlie (November 1957–August 1960), and Drift Station Bravo (T-3) (Fletcher's Ice Island) (July 1959–August 1960), in the Arctic Ocean."


11th Air Division, Lineage
The discontinuation and activation in April 1951 represents a change by the division's headquarters from a Table of Distribution unit to a Table of Organization unit. See List of MAJCOM wings of the United States Air Force


11th Air Division, Lineage, Emblem
A shield variegated azure (shades of blue) within a border argent, charged with eleven stars of blue, over all in bend a rocket or, tipped red, white and blue


11th Air Division, References, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


11th Air Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)
The 11th Air Fleet (第十一航空艦隊, Dai-Jūichi Kōkū Kantai) was a grouping of naval aviation and surface units.


11th Air Refueling Squadron
The 11th Air Refueling Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 340th Air Refueling Wing, stationed at Altus AFB, Oklahoma. It was inactivated on 1 October 1994.


11th Air Refueling Squadron, History
During World War II the squadron trained crews and technicians for photographic reconnaissance and mapping, 1942-1944.


11th Air Refueling Squadron, History
Reactivated in 1955 under Strategic Air Command (SAC) as a KC-97 air refueling squadron, it participated in SAC tests, exercises, and air refueling operations and other Air Force commands in North America, Europe, and the Pacific Far East, and Southeast Asia, from 1955 onward. It won numerous wards for its operational performance, including the Saunders Trophy for Outstanding Air Refueling Unit in 1970 and 1971.


11th Air Refueling Squadron, History
It was upgraded in 1965 to the KC-135 Stratotanker jet. In 1972 the 11th supported two large-scale aircraft movements to Southeast Asia, 5–6 and 8–9 April, and on 12 May and over the next three days it deployed all available tankers and crews at Takhli RTAFB, Thailand. About one-half of squadron personnel formed a rear echelon at Altus AFB. The forward echelon manned the 4101st Air Refueling Squadron, Provisional. Some 11th ARS personnel were returning to Altus AFB on 4 November 1972, but some of the squadron remained on temporary duty in SEA. By January 1973 about half of the 11th's KC-135s had returned and by June 1973 all aircraft and crews had returned. The 11th continued its normal SEA support as well as its many other global commitments. The squadron refueled its first C-5 Galaxy on 1 May 1974.


11th Air Refueling Squadron, History
The squadron's resources were divided on 1 July 1977, a part being retained by the 11th, the remainder used to man the new 340th Air Refueling Group, Heavy, and the 340th Consolidated Aircraft Maintenance Squadron. The new group was assigned to the 19th Air Division and the 11th to the group.


11th Air Refueling Squadron, History
On 19 September 1985 the 11th Air Refueling Squadron was consolidated with the 11th Combat Mapping Squadron, a unit that was last active 1 May 1944. This action was directed by Department of the Air Force Letter DAF/MPM 662q Attachment 1 (Active Units), 19 September 1985. The Consolidated Unit will retain the Designation of 11th Air Refueling Squadron, Heavy.


11th Air Refueling Squadron, History
The squadron was inactivated in 1994 as part of the drawdown of the USAF after the end of the Cold War.


11th Air Refueling Squadron, References, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


11th Air Squadron (Japan)
The 11th Air Squadron (第十一飛行戦隊 - 11th Hiko Sentai) was flying unit of the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service. The unit was established on 31 August 1938 at Harbin, Manchuria. The unit saw service in Manchuria during the Manchuria Incident, China during the Second Sino-Japanese War and Burma, Netherlands East Indies, Indochina, Rabaul, Solomon Islands, New Guinea, Philippines, Formosa and Japan during World War II. The unit was disbanded at Takahagi, Japan in late 1945.


11th Air Support Operations Squadron
The United States Air Force's 11th Air Support Operations Squadron (11 ASOS) was a combat support unit located at Fort Hood, Texas. The 11 ASOS provides Tactical Command and Control of air power assets to the Joint Forces Air Component Commander and Joint Forces Land Component Commander for combat operations.


11th Air Support Operations Squadron
After 24 years of service, the 11 ASOS was inactivated in a ceremony at Fort Hood, TX, on 21 June 2018. Personnel of the unit were absorbed into the 9th Air Support Operations Squadron, also based at Fort Hood.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army
The 11th Army of VVS and PVO (11-я армия ВВС и ПВО) was a formation of the Russian Air Force, which was located in the Russian Far East and Pacific Coast area, and its zone of responsibility covered the Far East Military District. The 11th Army Air Force and Air Defense Army was reformed within the Eastern Military District on 14 August 2015.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army
It was first formed during the Second World War from the Soviet Air Forces of the 2nd Red Banner Army. It was re-created in 1998 from the Soviet Air Defence Forces' 11th Air Defence Army units (except for a regiment of MiG-31 interceptor aircraft on the Kamchatka Peninsula, handed over by Russian Naval Aviation) and the 1st Air Army of the VVS. The 1st Army of the VVS had been reformed on 1 July 1957. In 2007 the commanding officer was Lieutenant General Valeriy Ivanov, former commander of the 1st Air Defence Corps.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army
The 11th Army of VVS and PVO was disbanded in 2009 by being redesignated the 3rd Air and Air Defence Forces Command. The army was reformed once again in 2015.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Defence Army
The 11th Air Defence Army (or 11th Army of the Soviet Air Defence Forces, 11 A PVO) appears to have been formed in 1960. During the Soviet period, the 11th Air Defence Army gained headlines due to the defection of Viktor Belenko in September 1976, and the KAL 007 shootdown in 1983. The KAL 007 shootdown occurred on 1 September 1983. After a protracted ground-controlled interception, three Su-15 fighters from Dolinsk-Sokol airbase and a MiG-23 from Smirnykh Air Base managed to make visual contact with the Boeing 747 and later shot it down.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Defence Army
In the late 1980s the 11th Air Defence Army of the Voyska PVO, as it was then, controlled two corps (23rd in Vladivostok & 8th in Komsomolsk) and three divisions (24th in Petropavlovsk, 29th in Blagoveshchenk and 6th in Okhotsk), 10 fighter aviation regiments (IAPs), 8 SAM brigades/regiments and 9 radio-technical (radar) brigades/regiments.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Defence Army
In 2001 the 8th ADC was renamed the 25th Air Defence Division, and in 2009 renamed 11th Aerospace Defence Brigade.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Defence Army
24th Air Defence Division was activated 5.60 in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (Khomutovo), Sakhalin Oblast.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Defence Army, 23rd Air Defence Corps 1988
In 2001 renamed 93rd Air Defence Division; in 2009 renamed 12th Aerospace Defence Brigade.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Defence Army, 6th Air Defence Division 1988
Formed from 222nd Fighter Aviation Division PVO May 1960; disbanded 1998.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Force and Air Defence Forces Army
Following the amalgamation of the 11th Air Defence Army and the 1st Air Army, in 2007 the 11th Army included two regiments of Su-27 fighter aircraft, one of MiG-31 interceptors, two of Su-24 tactical bombers, two of Su-25 attack aircraft and one reconnaissance regiment of Su-24MRs. The anti-aircraft component is much less powerful, including just three regiments of surface-to-air missiles, located in Khabarovsk, Komsomolsk and Vladivostok. The 23rd Fighter Aviation Regiment, located at Dzemgi (Komsomolsk-on-Amur), was the first Russian Air Force unit armed with the upgraded Su-27SM fighters.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Force and Air Defence Forces Army
The 303rd Fighter Aviation Division fought with the 64th Fighter Aviation Corps of the Air Defence Forces during the Korean War, flying Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15s, though it is not certain that the current 303rd Division is the same unit that fought during that war. The 303rd Fighter Aviation Division fought during Operation Bagration, and included the Normandie-Niemen regiment for a period.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Force and Air Defence Forces Army
The most notable unit of the 11th Army in 2007 was the 18th Guards Vitebsk Normandie-Niemen Assault Aviation Regiment, stationed at Galyonki, which has been twice awarded the Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov. In 1943, during World War II, the regiment included the Normandie squadron of French pilots, which later became the independent regiment known as Normandie-Niemen. On 9 May 1995 (Victory Day), to commemorate these events, the 18th ShAP received the name Normandie-Niemen. Since March 1993, the unit operates the Sukhoi Su-25 attack aircraft.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Force and Air Defence Forces Army, 2020 Structure
Additional Mig-31BM fighters in the Eastern Military District are deployed as part of the Pacific Fleet's naval aviation forces.


11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 11th Air Force and Air Defence Forces Army, 2020 Structure
Tu-95MS and Tu-22M3 bombers (including with Kh-47M2 Kinzhal ASM) deployed as part of Russian Long-Range Aviation, including based at Ukrainka in the Eastern Military District (as of 2016).


11th Airborne Division (United States)
The 11th Airborne Division ("Angels") was a United States Army airborne formation, first activated on 25 February 1943, during World War II. Consisting of one parachute and two glider infantry regiments, with supporting troops, the division underwent rigorous training throughout 1943. It played a vital role in the successful Knollwood Maneuver, which was organized to determine the viability of large-scale American airborne formations after their utility had been called into question following a disappointing performance during the Allied invasion of Sicily.


11th Airborne Division (United States)
Held in reserve in the United States for the first half of 1944, in June the division was transferred to the Pacific Theater of Operations. Upon arrival it entered a period of intense training and acclimatization, and by November was judged combat-ready. The 11th Airborne saw its first action on the island of Leyte in the Philippines, but in a traditional infantry role. In January 1945 the division took part in the invasion of Luzon. The two glider infantry regiments again operated as conventional infantry, securing a beachhead before fighting their way inland.


11th Airborne Division (United States)
The parachute infantry regiment was held in reserve for several days before conducting the division's first airborne operation, a combat drop on the Tagaytay Ridge. Reunited, the division participated in the Liberation of Manila, and two companies of divisional paratroopers conducted an audacious raid on the Los Baños internment camp, liberating two thousand civilians. The 11th Airborne's last combat operation of World War II was in the north of Luzon around Aparri, in aid of combined American and Philippine forces who were battling to subdue the remaining Japanese resistance on the island.


11th Airborne Division (United States)
On 30 August 1945 the division was sent to southern Japan as part of the occupation force. Four years later it was recalled to the United States, where it became a training formation. One parachute infantry regiment was detached for service in the Korean War, but on 30 June 1958 the division was inactivated. It was briefly reactivated on 1 February 1963 as the 11th Air Assault Division (Test) to explore the theory and practicality of helicopter assault tactics, and was inactivated on 29 June 1965. The division's personnel and equipment were transferred to the newly raised 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile).


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Formation
Inspired by the pioneering German use of large-scale airborne formations during the Battle of France in 1940 and later the invasion of Crete in 1941, the various Allied powers decided to raise airborne units of their own. One of the resultant five American and two British airborne divisions, the 11th Airborne Division, was officially activated on 25 February 1943 at Camp Mackall in North Carolina, under the command of Major General Joseph Swing. As formed, the division consisted of the 511th Parachute Infantry Regiment, the 187th Glider Infantry Regiment and the 188th Glider Infantry Regiment, and with a complement of 8,321 men was around half the strength of a regular U.S. infantry division of World War II.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Formation
The division initially remained in the United States for training, which in common with all airborne units was extremely arduous to befit their elite status. Training included lengthy forced marches, simulated parachute landings from 34-and-250-foot (10 and 76 m) towers, and practice jumps from transport aircraft; hesitancy in the doorway of an aircraft resulted in an automatic failure for the candidate. The washout rate was high, but there was never a shortage of candidates, especially because in American airborne units the rate of pay was much higher than that of an ordinary infantryman.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Formation
Before training was complete a debate developed in the U.S. Army over whether the best use of airborne forces was en masse or as small, compact units. On 9 July 1943, the first large-scale Allied airborne operation was carried out by elements of the U.S. 82nd Airborne Division and the British 1st Airborne Division in support of the Allied invasion of Sicily, code-named Operation Husky. The 11th Airborne Division's commanding general, Major General Swing, was temporarily transferred to act as airborne advisor to General Dwight D. Eisenhower for the operation, and observed the airborne assault which went badly. The 82nd Airborne Division had been inserted by parachute and glider and had suffered high casualties, leading to a perception that it had failed to achieve many of its objectives.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Swing Board
Eisenhower reviewed the airborne role in Operation Husky and concluded that large-scale formations were too difficult to control in combat to be practical. Lieutenant General Lesley J. McNair, the overall commander of Army Ground Forces, had similar misgivings: once an airborne supporter, he had been greatly disappointed by the performance of airborne units in North Africa and more recently Sicily. However, other high-ranking officers, including the Army Chief of Staff George Marshall, believed otherwise. Marshall persuaded Eisenhower to set up a review board and to withhold judgement until the outcome of a large-scale maneuver, planned for December 1943, could be assessed.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Swing Board
When Swing returned to the United States to resume command of the 11th Airborne in mid-September 1943, he was given the role of preparing the exercise. McNair ordered him to form a committee—the Swing Board—composed of air force, parachute, glider infantry, and artillery officers, whose arrangements for the maneuver would effectively decide the fate of divisional-sized airborne forces. As the 11th Airborne Division was in reserve in the United States and had not yet been earmarked for combat, the Swing Board selected it as the test formation. The maneuver would additionally provide the 11th Airborne and its individual units with further training, as had occurred several months previously in an earlier large-scale exercise conducted by the 101stand the 82nd Airborne Divisions.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Swing Board
"I do not believe in the airborne division. I believe that airborne troops should be reorganized in self-contained units, comprising infantry, artillery, and special services, all about the strength of a regimental combat team [...] To employ at any time and place a whole division would require a dropping over such an extended area that I seriously doubt that a division commander could regain control and operate the scattered forces as one unit."


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Swing Board
–The conclusion of General Eisenhower's review of the performance of American airborne forces during Operation Husky


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Swing Board, Knollwood Maneuver
The 11th Airborne, as the attacking force, was assigned the objective of capturing Knollwood Army Auxiliary Airfield near Fort Bragg in North Carolina. The force defending the airfield and its environs was a combat team composed of elements of the 17th Airborne Division and a battalion from the 541st Parachute Infantry Regiment. The entire operation was observed by Army Ground Forces commander Lt. Gen. McNair, who would ultimately have a significant say in deciding the fate of the parachute infantry divisions.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Swing Board, Knollwood Maneuver
The Knollwood Maneuver took place on the night of 7 December 1943, with the 11th Airborne Division being airlifted to thirteen separate objectives by 200 C-47 Skytrain transport aircraft and 234 Waco CG-4A gliders. The transport aircraft were divided into four groups, two of which carried paratroopers while the other two towed gliders. Each group took off from a different airfield in the Carolinas. The four groups deployed a total of 4,800 troops in the first wave.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Swing Board, Knollwood Maneuver
Eighty-five percent were delivered to their targets without navigational error, and the airborne troops seized the Knollwood Army Auxiliary Airfield and secured the landing area for the rest of the division before daylight. With its initial objectives taken, the 11th Airborne Division then launched a coordinated ground attack against a reinforced infantry regiment and conducted several aerial resupply and casualty evacuation missions in coordination with United States Army Air Forces transport aircraft. The exercise was judged by observers to be a great success. McNair, pleased by its results, attributed this success to the great improvements in airborne training that had been implemented in the months following Operation Husky. As a result of the Knollwood Maneuver, division-sized airborne forces were deemed to be feasible, and Eisenhower permitted their retention.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Leyte
Following the Knollwood Maneuver the 11th Airborne remained in reserve until January 1944, when it was moved by train from Camp Mackall to Camp Polk in Louisiana. After four weeks of final preparation for its combat role, in April the division was moved to Camp Stoneman, California, and then transferred to Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea, between 25 May and 11 June. From June to September the division underwent acclimatization and continued its airborne training, conducting parachute drops in the New Guinea jungle and around the airfield in Dobodura.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Leyte
During this period, most of the glider troops became parachute-qualified making the division almost fully Airborne. On 11 November the division boarded a convoy of naval transports and was escorted to Leyte in the Philippines, arriving on 18 November. Four days later it was attached to XXIV Corps and committed to combat, but operating as an infantry division rather than in an airborne capacity. The 11th Airborne was ordered to relieve the 7th Infantry Division stationed in the Burauen-La Paz-Bugho area, engage and destroy all Japanese forces in its operational area, and protect XXIV Corps rear-area supply dumps and airfields.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Leyte
Maj. Gen. Swing ordered the 187th Glider Infantry Regiment (GIR) to guard the rear installations of XXIV Corps, while the 188th GIR was to secure the division's rear and conduct aggressive patrols to eliminate any enemy troops in the area. The 511th Parachute Infantry Regiment (PIR) was assigned the task of destroying all Japanese formations in the division's operational area, which it began on 28 November when it relieved the 7th Infantry.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Leyte
The 511th PIR advanced overland with two battalions abreast and the third in reserve, but progress proved slow in the face of fierce Japanese resistance, a lack of mapped trails, and heavy rainfall (with more than twenty-three inches (60 cm) falling in November alone). As the advance continued resupply became progressively more difficult; the division resorted to using large numbers of Piper Cub aircraft to drop food and ammunition.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Leyte
Several attempts were made to improve the rate of advance, such as dropping platoons of the 187th GIR from Piper Cubs in front of the 511th PIR to reconnoiter, and using C-47 transport aircraft to drop artillery pieces to the regiment's location when other forms of transport, such as mule-trains, failed.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Leyte
On 6 December the Japanese tried to disrupt operations on Leyte by conducting two small-scale airborne raids. The first attempted to deploy a small number of Japanese airborne troops to occupy several key American-held airfields at Tacloban and Dulag, but failed when the three aircraft used were either shot-down, crash-landed or destroyed on the ground along with their passengers.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Leyte
The second, larger, raid was carried out by between twenty-nine and thirty-nine transport aircraft supported by fighters; despite heavy losses, the Japanese managed to drop a number of airborne troops around Burauen airfield, where the headquarters of 11th Airborne Division were located. Five L-5 Sentinel reconnaissance aircraft and one C-47 transport were destroyed, but the raiders were eliminated by an ad hoc combat group of artillerymen, engineers and support troops led by Maj. Gen. Swing.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Leyte
The 511th PIR was reinforced by the 2nd Battalion, 187th GIR, and continued its slow but steady progress. On 17 December it broke through the Japanese lines and arrived at the western shoreline of Leyte, linking up with elements of the 32nd Infantry Division. It was during this period that Private Elmer E. Fryar earned a posthumous Medal of Honor when he helped to repel a counterattack, personally killing twenty-seven Japanese soldiers before being mortally wounded by a sniper.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Leyte
The regiment was ordered to set up temporary defensive positions before being relieved on 25 December by the 1st Batt., 187th GIR, and the 2nd Batt., 188th GIR, who would themselves incur considerable casualties against a heavily dug-in enemy. The 511th PIR was reassembled at its original base-camp in Leyte on 15 January 1945.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
On 22 January the division was placed on alert for an operation on the island of Luzon, to the north of Leyte. Five days later the 187th and 188th Glider Infantry Regiments were embarked for Luzon by sea, while the 511th Parachute Infantry Regiment flew by C-46 Commando transport aircraft to Mindoro. At dawn on 31 January the 188th GIR led an amphibious assault near Nasugbu, in southern Luzon. Supported by a short naval barrage, A-20 Havoc light bombers and P-38 Lightning fighter aircraft, a beach-head was established in the face of light Japanese resistance.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
The regiment moved rapidly to secure Nasugbu, after which its 1st Battalion advanced up the island's arterial Highway 17 to deny the Japanese time to establish defenses further inland. The 2nd Battalion moved south, crossing the River Lian and securing the division's right flank. By 10:30 elements of the 188th had pushed deep into southern Luzon, creating the space for the 187th GIR to come ashore. The 188th's 2nd Battalion was relieved and the regiment continued its advance, reaching the River Palico by 14:30 and securing a vital bridge before it could be destroyed by Japanese combat engineers.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
Following Highway 17 to Tumalin, the regiment began to encounter heavier Japanese resistance. At midnight the 187th took over the lead and the two glider infantry regiments rested briefly before tackling the main Japanese defensive lines. These consisted of trenches linked to bunkers and fortified caves, and were manned by several hundred infantry with numerous artillery pieces in support. At 09:00 on 1 February the glider infantry launched their assault, and by midday had managed to break through the first Japanese position; they spent the rest of the day conducting mopping up operations. On the morning of 2 February the second line was breached, and by midnight the 188th had broken a third. The divisional reconnaissance platoon was now in the vicinity of Tagaytay Ridge, the intended site of the 511th Parachute Infantry Regiment's first combat drop.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
The 511th's airborne operation had originally been scheduled for 2 February, but with Major General Swing's insistence that the drop was only to go ahead if his ground forces were in range to offer support, the dogged Japanese resistance encountered delayed the operation. With only forty-eight C-47 Skytrain transport aircraft available, the 511th was forced to deploy in three waves. The regimental staff, the 2nd Battalion and half of the 3rd Battalion would drop first, the rest of the regiment would arrive in the second lift, and the 457th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion would drop in the third.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
At 03:00 on 3 February the troops of the first lift entered their transport planes, and at 07:00 the first transports left Mindoro. Protected by an escort of P-61 Black Widow night fighters, on arriving over Luzon they followed Highway 17 to Tagaytay Ridge. The ridge itself was an open space some two thousand yards (1,800 m) long and four thousand yards (3,700 m) wide, plowed in places, and had been largely cleared of Japanese troops by local Filipino soldiers and recognized guerrillas.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
At 08:15 the first echelon of the first lift, approximately 345 men, successfully parachuted into the drop zone. The second echelon, consisting of approximately 570 men, were dropped prematurely and landed about eight thousand yards (7,300 m) to the east. The next lift also encountered problems, with 425 men dropping correctly but another 1,325 dropping early due to pilot error and poor jump discipline. However, the entire regiment was assembled within five hours of the first landings.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
After overcoming minor Japanese resistance, by 15:00 the 511th had made contact with the 188th and 187th, and the entire division was once again assembled as a single formation. The ridge having been cleared of its remaining defenders, the division began to advance towards Manila, with the national highway in Silang, Dasmarinas, Imus and Bacoor where cleared by Fil-American Cavite Guerilla Forces FACGF under General Mariano Castaneda and reaching the Paranaque River by 21:00. The city was protected by the Genko Line, a major Japanese defensive belt that stretched along Manila's southern edge. The line consisted of approximately 1,200 two- to three-story deep blockhouses, many of which emplaced naval guns or large-caliber mortars. Entrenched heavy anti-aircraft weapons, machine-gun nests and booby-traps made of naval bombs completed the defenses, which were manned by around 6,000 Japanese soldiers.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
The 11th Airborne Division was ordered to breach the Genko Line and drive into Manila, where it would link up with other American forces attacking the city from the north. All three regiments were committed to the assault. Spearheading the division's attack on 5 February, the 511th overcame fierce resistance and broke the crust of the Japanese position, but was soon relieved by the 188th. As the glider regiment took up the push westwards in the face of heavy opposition, the 511th changed their axis of advance and attempted to move into the city from the south.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
By 11 February, the division had penetrated as far as Nichols Field, an airfield that formed the center of the Genko Line. This was heavily fortified with a number of entrenched naval guns and a series of bunkers; after a short artillery bombardment on the morning of 12 February, the 187th's 2nd Battalion attacked the airfield's north-west corner while the 1st Battalion and the entire 188th regiment moved in from the south and south-eastern corners. This pincer movement succeeded in taking the airfield and, despite a local counter-attack, by nightfall the position was secured.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
The following day the division thrust towards Fort William McKinley, the headquarters of Rear Admiral Iwabuchi, commander of the Japanese defenders on Luzon. It was during this advance that Private First Class Manuel Perez Jr. neutralized several Japanese bunkers which were impeding the division's progress, capturing one single-handedly and killing eighteen Japanese soldiers. PFC Perez was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Luzon
On 15 February, the 1st Battalion of the 187th, alongside other American units, launched an attack on Mabato Point. This was an extremely heavily fortified position featuring the same defensive measures as the Genko Line, and it would take six days of hard fighting, multiple airstrikes, and the frequent use of napalm and heavy artillery, before the point was secured. Meanwhile, having taken heavy casualties on its approach to Fort McKinley—particularly when the Japanese detonated a quantity of buried naval depth charges—on 17 February the rest of the 11th Airborne Division assaulted the fort. The 511th led the break-in, and by 18 February the area had been cleared of its defenders. Sporadic fighting continued in Manilla until 3 March, when all organized Japanese resistance ended.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Raid at Los Baños
A large number of civilian prisoners had been detained by the Japanese on Luzon, mostly in internment camps scattered throughout the island. The largest of these was located on the campus of the Agricultural College of the Philippines at Los Baños, some forty miles (64 km) south-east of Manila. General Douglas MacArthur had tasked the 11th Airborne Division with rescuing the Los Baños internees on 3 February, but the division's ongoing combat operations around the Genko Line left it unable to divert any resources at that time.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Raid at Los Baños
All that could be accomplished during February was to gather information, primarily through liaison with the guerilla groups operating in Southern Luzon and around Los Baños. Maj. Gen. Swing and his command staff were briefed daily by the officer working with the guerilla groups, Major Vanderpool. From the guerillas and a few civilians that had escaped the camp, Vanderpool established that it was surrounded by two barbed-wire fences approximately six feet tall. Several guard towers and bunkers dotted its perimeter, each containing at least two guards.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Raid at Los Baños
Prisoners left each morning under armed guard to gather food supplies and firewood from a nearby town. Vanderpool was informed that the camp's population consisted of American civilians in three distinct groups: Protestant missionaries and their families; Roman Catholic nuns and priests; and professional workers such as doctors and engineers, and their families. The latter group included several hundred women and children. While all the inmates appeared to be in good health, many had become weak from food rationing.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Raid at Los Baños
On 20 February, Maj. Gen. Swing was finally able to release sufficient troops for a raid on the Los Baños camp, and a four-phase plan was devised by Major Vanderpool and the divisional staff officers. The divisional reconnaissance platoon would travel across a nearby lake and move to the outskirts of the camp, securing a large adjacent field as the drop zone for a company of paratroopers. Having landed, the paratroopers would eliminate Japanese resistance in the area, secure the camp, and prepare for its evacuation.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Raid at Los Baños
Fifty-four amphibious Amtracs would transport two additional companies of paratroopers to the lake shore, where a beachhead would be established while the Amtracs continued to the camp to evacuate its occupants. Simultaneously, a task force consisting of a reinforced infantry battalion, two battalions of heavy artillery and a tank destroyer battalion would advance down Highway 1 towards Los Baños to interdict any Japanese attempts to interfere.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Raid at Los Baños
Assisted by a group of guerrillas, on the night of 21 February the divisional reconnaissance platoon made their way to the lake and collected ten canoes. Despite navigational difficulties, the platoon came ashore near Los Baños at 02:00 the following morning, and after securing the paratroopers' drop zone, concealed themselves in the jungle near the camp. During the afternoon B Company of the 1st Battalion, 511th PIR was transferred to the airfield from which they would be deployed, while the rest of the battalion rendezvoused with the Amtrac convoy.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Raid at Los Baños
At 07:00 on the morning of 23 February, B Company took off in ten C-47 Skytrain transport aircraft, arriving over their drop zone shortly afterwards. As the first paratroopers landed, the reconnaissance platoon and the supporting guerilla fighters opened fire on the camp's defences, using Bazooka rounds to penetrate the concrete pillboxes, and then entered the camp to engage its garrison. The paratroopers soon joined the battle, and by 07:30 the Japanese guards had been overcome and the internees were being rounded up and readied for evacuation.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Raid at Los Baños
At the lakeshore the 511th's other two companies had secured their beachhead, and the convoy of Amtracs reached the camp without incident. Priority during loading was given to the women, children and wounded; some of the able-bodied men walked alongside the Amtracs as they returned to the beach. The first evacuation convoy left the camp at approximately 10:00, with B Company, the reconnaissance platoon and the guerrillas remaining behind to provide a rearguard.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Raid at Los Baños
By 11:30 all of the civilians had been evacuated, and at 13:00 the Amtrac convoy returned for the rearguard, with the last paratroopers leaving the beach at approximately 15:00. Meanwhile, on Highway 1, the taskforce that had been deployed to protect the operation met heavy Japanese resistance and suffered several casualties, but was able to block Japanese forces that advanced on the camp, before retreating back to American lines. The raid had been a complete success, liberating 2,147 civilians.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Southern Luzon and Aparri
On the day that the Los Baños internees were freed, the headquarters of Sixth United States Army assigned the 11th Airborne Division the task of destroying all Japanese formations in southern Luzon, south of Manila. The bulk of the division moved south the following day, with the 187th GIR and the 511th PIR advancing abreast. The 188th GIR was detached from the main advance by Maj. Gen. Swing; it was to eliminate all Japanese units still operating in the Pico de Loro hills along the southern shore of Manila Bay.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Southern Luzon and Aparri
These forces belonged to the 80,000-strong Shimbu Group, one of three groups of the Japanese Fourteenth Area Army under General Tomoyuki Yamashita. It would take until the end of April for the 11th Airborne Division—often acting in conjunction with Filipino soldiers, the recognized guerillas and elements of the 1st Cavalry Division—to subdue the Shimbu Group. Conducting combat operations was extremely difficult in the mountainous terrain, and many Japanese units elected to fight to the death rather than surrender. However, all organized resistance in southern Luzon ended on 1 May, when the division captured Mount Malepunyo near the city of Lipa. The 11th Airborne established a base centered around the former Japanese airstrip on the outskirts of Lipa, the runway of which was lengthened by the 127th Airborne Engineer Battalion to accommodate C-47 transport aircraft. Once the engineering work was completed, the division's combat troops participated in several refresher-training courses.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Southern Luzon and Aparri
The 11th Airborne's next operation took place on 23 June in the province of Aparri in northern Luzon. By this time the only Japanese forces remaining on the island were positioned to the far north and belonged to the 52,000-strong Shobu Group. This last of General Yamashita's three groups proved to be the most tenacious, forcing Lieutenant-General Walter Krueger, commander of the Sixth United States Army, to commit four infantry divisions, an armored task force, and a large band of the Filipino recognized guerrillas.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Southern Luzon and Aparri
While these forces pinned down the Japanese, the 37th Infantry Division began an advance northwards, defeating a weaker formation and encircling the main Japanese force. To ensure the success of the 37th's drive, Krueger called for an airborne force to land near Aparri and move southwards to meet the advancing 37th.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Southern Luzon and Aparri
The 11th Airborne Division was to drop a battalion-sized combat team on Camalaniugan Airfield, approximately ten miles (16 km) south of Aparri. It would then advance southwards, eliminating all Japanese resistance, until it linked up with the leading elements of the 37th Infantry Division. To accomplish this Maj. Gen. Swing formed a special unit–Gypsy Task Force–comprising the 1st Battalion of the 511th Parachute Infantry Regiment, G and I Companies of the regiment's 2nd Battalion, an artillery battery from the 457th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion, and a platoon of engineers and miscellaneous signal and medical detachments.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Southern Luzon and Aparri
Gypsy Task Force would be transported by fifty-four C-47 Skytrain and thirteen C-46 Commando aircraft, as well as six Waco CG-4A Gliders which would land jeeps and supplies for the task force. On 21 June, a detachment of pathfinders from the division was flown in to secure Camalaniugan Airfield, and two days later the transport aircraft carrying the troops of Gypsy Task Force were escorted by fighters to the area.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Southern Luzon and Aparri
At 09:00 the pathfinder detachment set off colored smoke to mark the drop-zone, but fierce winds and uneven ground around the airfield proved hazardous to the parachutists, causing two deaths and seventy injuries during the drop. Despite these casualties the force was rapidly concentrated, and began its advance southwards. Japanese resistance was stiff, forcing the airborne troops to rely on flamethrowers to eliminate bunkers and fortifications along their route. After three days of fighting and having eliminated a significant portion of Shobu Group, the task force encountered the lead elements of the 37th Infantry Division. Although Shobu Group would continue its resistance until September, its encirclement marked the 11th Airborne Division's final combat operation of the war.


11th Airborne Division (United States), World War II, Awards
During World War II the division and its members were awarded the following awards:


11th Airborne Division (United States), Post-World War II, Occupation of Japan
General MacArthur made plans to use the 11th Airborne Division in the invasion of Japan; it was to remain as Sixth Army's operational reserve, to be committed if required. However, with the end of hostilities in the Pacific Theater due to the surrender of Japan, the division was instead selected by General MacArthur to lead the American forces that would occupy Japan.


11th Airborne Division (United States), Post-World War II, Occupation of Japan
The divisional staff received orders to this effect on 11 August 1945, and the division was transported to Okinawa on 12 August; an operation that involved 99 B-24 Liberator bombers, 350 C-46 Commando and 150 C-47 Dakota transport aircraft to airlift 11,100 men, 120 vehicles and approximately 1.16 million pounds (530,000 kg) of equipment. The 11th Airborne remained on Okinawa for several weeks before, on 28 August, it was ordered to land at Atsugi Airfield outside of Yokohama, on the main Japanese home island of Honshū.


11th Airborne Division (United States), Post-World War II, Occupation of Japan
Its instructions were to secure the surrounding area, evacuate all Japanese civilians and military personnel within a radius of three miles (4.8 km), and finally occupy Yokohama itself. A large number of C-54 Skymaster transport aircraft were made available, with the first—carrying Swing and his divisional staff—landing at Atsugi Airfield at 06:00 on 30 August. It took a week to fully assemble the division, and by 13 September it had been joined by the 27th Infantry Division, which was airlifted into Japan at the same time. The 11th Airborne Division was later moved from Yokohama to northern Japan, and established camps along the coast of Honshu and on the island of Hokkaido.


11th Airborne Division (United States), Post-World War II, Training and first inactivation
Occupation duties in Japan continued until May 1949, when the 11th Airborne was relieved and recalled to the United States. The division was transferred to Camp Campbell in Kentucky and became a training formation, with several of its subordinate units inactivated including the 188th Glider Infantry Regiment. Training continued until the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950. For service in Korea, the 187th Glider Infantry Regiment—now renamed the 187th Airborne Infantry Regiment—and the 674th Airborne Field Artillery Battalion were detached from the division and re-formed as a separate Regimental Combat Team (RCT).


11th Airborne Division (United States), Post-World War II, Training and first inactivation
The 187th RCT saw two years of fighting in Korea, conducting two airborne operations as well as operating as conventional infantry. The rest of the division continued its training role, processing and training approximately thirteen thousand recalled reservists between September and December 1950 alone. The 187th RCT remained in Korea until 1 October 1953, when it was transferred to Japan for two years until being replaced by the 508th RCT. The 187th returned to the United States on 17 July 1955, but as a unit independent of its parent division.


11th Airborne Division (United States), Post-World War II, Training and first inactivation
The 11th Airborne Division was sent to Germany in early 1956 as part of Operation Gyroscope, to replace the 5th Infantry Division stationed in Augsburg and Munich. As the division was en route, the 187th RCT was relocated to Fort Campbell, taking over the camps that the 11th had recently vacated. In July that year the 187th, along with the 508th ARC, was transferred to the newly reactivated 101st Airborne Division.