1. FC Herzogenaurach, History, Current
In 2010, the club suffered another relegation, down to the Kreisklasse, where it met ASV in 2010–11. While the FC successfully played for the league championship and promotion that season, ASV came a distant last.


1. FC Herzogenaurach, History, Current
The old rivalry between the two clubs may have lost some of its punch, as has the local rivalry between the two sports brands. The town of Herzogenaurach is certainly not as divided any more as it once was. In March 2007, a merger of the three local clubs was even discussed, the ASV and FC together with the SC Nord should form one club which would then be capable to reach Regionalliga level.


1. FC Herzogenaurach, History, Current
The rivalry of the two companies, and with it to some extent the local football club issue, gained some international attention during the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany, when a number of international news organizations picked up on it.


1. FC Herzogenaurach, History, Current
In 2014 the club won the local Kreisklasse championship and earned promotion to the tier seven Bezirksliga but lasted for only one season before being relegated again. FCH won another Kreisliga championship in 2015–16 and returned to the Bezirksliga.


1. FC Herzogenaurach, DFB Cup appearances
The club has qualified for the first round of the German Cup just once:


1. FC Kaiserslautern
1. Fußball-Club Kaiserslautern e. V., also known as 1. FCK, FCK or 1. FC Kaiserslautern (German pronunciation: [ʔɛf t͡seː kaɪ̯zɐsˈlaʊ̯tɐn]), is a German sports club based in Kaiserslautern, Rhineland-Palatinate. In addition to football, the club also operates in several other sports.


1. FC Kaiserslautern
On 2 June 1900, Germania 1896 and FG Kaiserslautern merged to create FC 1900. In 1909, the club went on to join FC Palatia (founded in 1901) and FC Bavaria (founded in 1902) to form FV 1900 Kaiserslautern. In 1929, they merged with SV Phönix to become FV Phönix-Kaiserslautern before finally taking on their current name in 1933.


1. FC Kaiserslautern
As a founding member of the Bundesliga, FCK played from 1963 to 1996 uninterrupted in the top division. It has won four German championships, two DFB-Pokals, and one DFL-Supercup, and historically is among the most successful football clubs in Germany, currently occupying eleventh place in the all-time Bundesliga table. The club's international performances include reaching the Champions League quarter-finals in 1999 as well as two participations in the UEFA Cup semi-finals. Kaiserslautern won the German championship in the 1997–98 season as a newly promoted team, which is unique in German football. After a six-year spell in the second tier, in 2018 they were relegated to the 3. Liga for the first time.


1. FC Kaiserslautern
Since 1920, Kaiserslautern's stadium has been the Fritz-Walter-Stadion, named after Fritz Walter, the captain of the West German national team who won the world cup in 1954. Walter spent his entire career at Kaiserslautern.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Early years to World War II
Two of the club's predecessors, Bavaria and FC 1900 Kaiserslautern, were part of the Westkreis-Liga (I) when this league was formed in 1908, with the latter winning the first league. From 1909 through 1918, the new FV Kaiserslautern performed well, finishing runners-up in 1910 and 1912.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Early years to World War II
The team reached tier-one in the new Kreisliga Saar in 1919, the Kreisliga Pfalz in 1920 and the Bezirksliga Rhein-Saar in 1931 and spent the rest of the 1930s bouncing up and down between the Bezirksliga and the upper level Gauliga Südwest, one of sixteen top flight divisions formed in the re-organization of German football under the Third Reich.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Early years to World War II
The club's performance was unremarkable in the years leading up to World War II, but improved after 1939. They captured the Gauliga Südwest/Staffel Saarpfalz title, but lost the overall division title to Staffel Mainhessen winners Kickers Offenbach. In the 1941–42 season the Gauliga Südwest was split into the Gauliga Hessen-Nassau and the Gauliga Westmark, and Kaiserslautern took the Westmark title, going on to play for the first time in the national final rounds. They were decisively put out 3–9 by eventual champions Schalke 04, the dominant side in this era of German football.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Early years to World War II
The performance of the team slipped and they finished last in their division in 1944. The following year saw the collapse of league play in this part of Germany as the Third Reich crumbled under the advance of Allied armies.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Postwar play
After the war, Southwestern Germany was part of the occupation zone held by the French. Teams there were organized into northern and southern divisions and played to determine which of them would join the new Oberliga being put together. French authorities were slow to loosen their control over play in their zones of occupation – and in the Saarland in particular – Teams in the French areas took longer to join the re-established German national league than in other parts of the country.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Postwar play
1. FC Kaiserslautern resumed play in the Oberliga Südwest in 1945 and finished the season just one point behind 1. FC Saarbrücken. The next season, they easily won the Gruppe Nord in 1947 due in large part due to the play of Fritz Walter and his brother Ottmar – the duo scored 46 goals between them, more than any other entire team.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Success in the 1950s and entry to the Bundesliga
This marked the beginning of the club's dominance of the Oberliga Südwest as they went on to capture the division title eleven times over the next twelve seasons. FCK advanced to Germany's first post-war national final in 1948, but lost 1–2 to 1. FC Nürnberg.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Success in the 1950s and entry to the Bundesliga
Kaiserslautern became a presence on the national scene through the early 1950s, capturing their first German championship in 1951 with a 2–1 victory of their own, this time over Preußen Münster. They won a second title in 1953, followed by two losing final appearances in 1954 and 1955. The club also sent five players to the national side for the 1954 FIFA World Cup, which West Germany won in what became popularly known as "The Miracle of Bern".


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Success in the 1950s and entry to the Bundesliga
Kaiserslautern's performance fell off late in the decade and into the early 1960s, the only highlight being an advance to the 1961 DFB-Pokal final, where they lost 0–2 to Werder Bremen. The side recovered its form in time to again win their division on the eve of the formation in 1963 of the Bundesliga, Germany's new professional football league. This secured them one of the 16 places in the new top flight circuit.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Success in the 1950s and entry to the Bundesliga
However, the club's next honours would be some time in coming: they made failed German Cup final appearances in 1972, 1976, and 1981 and were UEFA Cup semi-finalists in 1982 (losing narrowly to eventual winners IFK Göteborg) before finally winning the domestic Cup in 1990. They followed up the next season with their first Bundesliga championship.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Fall from the top flight
1. FCK won a second German Cup in 1996, but that victory was soured since the team had been relegated to 2. Bundesliga with a 16th-place finish just one week before the Cup final. At the time, Kaiserslautern was one of only four of the original 16 teams that had played in each Bundesliga season since the inception of the league, having never been relegated. This group also included Eintracht Frankfurt (who went down in the same season), 1. FC Köln (down in 1998), and "the Dinosaur", Hamburger SV, whose spell ended in 2018.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Fall from the top flight
The Red Devils came storming back with an accomplishment unique in Bundesliga history – and very rare across the major European football leagues – by winning promotion from the 2. Bundesliga at the first attempt in 1997, and immediately going on to win the national championship under veteran coach Otto Rehhagel. They also played in the 1998–99 UEFA Champions League, where they topped a group comprising PSV, Benfica and HJK Helsinki but were eliminated in the quarter-finals by compatriots Bayern Munich, who also took back the domestic title (FCK finished 5th).


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Fall from the top flight
The club, however, found itself in serious trouble soon after. Despite coming close to a UEFA Cup final in 2001, Kaiserslautern soon found itself on the brink of bankruptcy and at the centre of controversy being played out publicly. The club's management – Jürgen Friedrich, Robert Wieschemann and Gerhard Herzog – were forced out.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Fall from the top flight
A new team president, Rene C. Jäggi, sold the debt-ridden Fritz-Walter-Stadion to an entity owned by the Land Rheinland-Pfalz and the city of Kaiserslautern, thus saving the club from financial disaster, while a new coach, Erik Gerets, led a run after the winter break that moved the footballers out of last place and saved them from relegation.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, Fall from the top flight
The club started the 2003–04 season under the burden of a three-point penalty imposed by the German Football Association for its financial misdeeds. After a faltering start to the season, Gerets was fired and replaced by Kurt Jara. Jara was unpopular with the FCK faithful for his defensive football philosophy, but with him at the helm, the club had a safe season. Jara, however, quit the position before the season ended, citing irreconcilable differences with club management.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, 2005–present
In 2005, Michael Henke, who served as long-time assistant to Germany's most successful coach Ottmar Hitzfeld, became coach. FCK was initially successful, but then suffered a string of reverses and crashed to the bottom of the table. Henke was fired, and FCK alumnus Wolfgang Wolf took up the trainer's role. Wolf brought in many young, home-grown players, but despite winning over fans and experts alike, the 2005–06 season ended in failure as FCK was once again relegated to the 2. Bundesliga after a nine-year stay at the top flight. They finished the 2006–07 season in sixth place in the 2. Bundesliga, seven points out of the promotion places.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, 2005–present
On 20 May 2007, the club announced the Norwegian manager Kjetil Rekdal, formerly with Belgian side Lierse, as their new head coach. Rekdal took over the reins on 1 July. Due to very bad results (the club being in 16th place in the standings with only three wins in 19 games), Rekdal was sacked and replaced by Milan Šašić in February 2008. In April 2008, the club hired Stefan Kuntz as chairman, and with new leadership at the helm, managed to save themselves from relegation to the new 3. Liga with a win over already promoted 1. FC Köln on the final day of the 2007–08 season.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, 2005–present
Šašić lasted almost the entire 2008–09 season but was dismissed on 4 May 2009 after run of poor results in the second half of the season, and three days after a 1–5 defeat by Hansa Rostock. Alois Schwartz was named interim coach and he managed the club to a seventh-place finish on the season. The club eventually hired Marco Kurz as head coach.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, 2005–present
Under Kurz, the club secured promotion to the 1. Bundesliga on 25 April 2010 after four years in the second league. At the start of the 2010–11 season, newly promoted 1. FCK had a promising two-straight wins, including a 2–0 victory over the previous year's Bundesliga champions, Bayern Munich. However, after a hard-fought 2–1 defeat at Mainz 05 and a 5–0 drubbing at eventual season champions, Borussia Dortmund, the club began to struggle and fell back to just ahead of the relegation zone.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, 2005–present
The club then had a poor start to the second half of the season – dropping into the relegation zone for several weeks – but managed to coalesce and eventually earned seven victories in their last ten matches, recording only two defeats and a single draw. They ended this run with four straight victories to finish the season at the seventh place.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, History, 2005–present
The following season, 2011–12, the club finished in the bottom 18th place and after only two seasons in the top flight, were relegated to the 2. Bundesliga. They remained in that division until 2018, being relegated to the third tier for the first time in club history.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Reserve team
The club's reserve team, 1. FC Kaiserslautern II, played as 1. FC Kaiserslautern Amateure until 2005. It made a first appearance in the tier three Amateurliga Südwest in 1957. It won a league championship in 1960 and 1968 but was not entitled to promotion to professional level. In 1978, when the Oberliga Südwest was introduced the team qualified for this new league which it would belong to, with the exception of the 1982–83 season, until 1992.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Reserve team
It won promotion back to the Oberliga in 1994 and became a yo-yo team between this league and the Regionalliga above, a league newly introduced in 1994. The team was relegated from the latter in 1996, 2000, 2004 and 2007 but each time won promotion back to the league. Since 2012, it has belonged to the Regionalliga Südwest.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Reserve team
The team has also won the Southwestern Cup on three occasions, in 1979, 1997 and 2008. Through this competition, 1. FC Kaiserslautern II qualified for the DFB-Pokal on three occasions, reaching the second round twice and being drawn against their own first team in 1997–98 where they lost 5–0.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Recent seasons
P = Played; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points; Cup = DFB-Pokal; CWC = European Cup Winners' Cup; EL = UEFA Europa League; CL = UEFA Champions League. – = Not attended; 1R = 1st round; 2R = 2nd round; 3R = 3rd round; 1/8 = Round of sixteen; QF = Quarter-finals; SF = Semi-finals.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Stadium
FCK plays its home fixtures in the Fritz Walter Stadion first built in 1920. The stadium and the adjacent street are named for the player who brought the club to prominence after the war. The facility is built on the Betzenberg, literally "Mount Betze", a steep sandstone hill.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Stadium
The stadium has a capacity of 49,850 and was a 2006 World Cup venue, hosting four preliminary round and one group of 16-round matches. The facility underwent a major refurbishment for the tournament with addition of new grandstands and a roof.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Club culture
Kaiserslautern's Fritz-Walter-Stadion has long been a feared away venue given the rabid ferocity of Kaiserslautern fans: the most faithful of these supporters are located in the stadium's "Westkurve" (Westside, literally "West Curve", since the stands used to be shaped in a semicircle behind the goals). Most famously, Bayern Munich once lost a match here in a charged atmosphere by a score of 7–4 after leading 4–1 at the 58th minute.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Club culture
The club has friendly ties to 1860 Munich, VfB Stuttgart, Werder Bremen and Kilmarnock F.C. of Scotland and are bitter rivals of Waldhof Mannheim and Bayern Munich. They also have lesser local rivalries with Eintracht Frankfurt and, more recently, with Mainz 05 and Karlsruher SC.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Players, Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Players, Out on loan
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Other sports
1. FC Kaiserslautern also has sports departments in athletics, basketball, boxing, handball, headis, hockey, running, and triathlon.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Other sports, Basketball
The basketball department was founded in 1952. The seniors team played in the second German Basketball league from 2002 until 2007. In the 2014–15 season, both the male and female senior teams play in the fourth division.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Other sports, Boxing
The boxing department exists since the times of FV Kaiserslautern. Most prominent athletes are Silver medalist of the 1964 Summer Olympics Emil Schulz, Bronze medalist of the 1988 Summer Olympics Reiner Gies and, before his professional career, later European heavyweight champion Karl Mildenberger.


1. FC Kaiserslautern, Other sports, Former departments, Wheelchair basketball
The wheelchair basketball team FCK Rolling Devils was founded in 2009 as a part of the club's basketball department and turned into a separate department in 2013. Since 2014, the Rolling Devils play in the 1st German Wheelchair Basketball Federal League. In July 2015, the outsourcing of Rolling Devils into an independent club with 1.FC Kaiserslautern as name sponsor took place and the FCK department was suspended at the annual meeting of 1.FC Kaiserslautern in December 2015.


1. FC Kaiserslautern II
1. FC Kaiserslautern II is the reserve team of German association football club 1. FC Kaiserslautern, based in Kaiserslautern, Rhineland-Palatinate. Historically the team has played as 1. FC Kaiserslautern Amateure until 2005.


1. FC Kaiserslautern II
The team has reached the first round of the DFB-Pokal, the German Cup, on three occasions, advancing to the second round twice as its best-ever result. The team has played as high as the Regionalliga, courtesy to league titles in the Oberliga Südwest.


1. FC Kaiserslautern II, History
1. FC Kaiserslautern Amateure made a first appearance in the tier-three Amateurliga Südwest in 1957. It won a league championship in 1960 and 1968 but was not entitled to promotion to professional level. In the seasons in between the team often played against relegation rather than for the league championship, its best other results being runners-up finishes in 1970 and 1973. The latter allowed the team entry to the German amateur football championship where it reached the final where it lost 1–0 to SpVgg Bad Homburg.


1. FC Kaiserslautern II, History
In 1978, when the Oberliga Südwest was introduced, the team qualified for this new league which it would belong to, with the exception of the 1982–83 season, until 1992. It won promotion back to the Oberliga in 1983 and 1994 with titles in the Verbandsliga Südwest. The team became a yo-yo team between the Oberliga and the Regionalliga above, a league newly introduced in 1994. It played in the Regionalliga West/Südwest until 2000, in the Regionalliga Süd in 2007 and the Regionalliga West until 2012. It had its best Regionalliga result in the latter when it finished runners-up in 2009. In between the team was relegated from the Regionalliga in 1996, 2000, 2004 and 2007 but each time won promotion back to the league.


1. FC Kaiserslautern II, History
In 2012 the team became part of the new Regionalliga Südwest, where they competed until 2017.


1. FC Kaiserslautern II, History
The team has also won the Southwestern Cup on three occasions, in 1979, 1997 and 2008, as well as having made a number of losing final appearances. Through this competition it qualified for the first round of the German Cup on three occasions: 1979–80, 1981–82 and 1997–98. It reached the second round twice and, on the third participation, was drawn against its own first team in 1997–98 where it lost 5–0.


1. FC Kaiserslautern II, Current Squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Katowice
The 1. FC Katowice is a Polish football club from Katowice, Silesian Voivodeship and was founded in 2007 as a reactivation by the Silesian Autonomy Movement of the 1945 dissolved 1. FC Kattowitz.


1. FC Katowice, Men's football team
The club was reactivated in 2007, and spent most of his time in the klasa B (eighth league level).


1. FC Katowice, Women's football team
The women's section started in the 3rd tier, but has managed two promotions and won the promotion to the Ekstraliga Kobiet in 2010–11. As a result of the expansion of the Ekstraliga in 2010–11, a third-place finish in the 2nd division 2009-10 was enough to reach the promotion playoffs, which were won. The women's section played in the top level Ekstraliga Kobiet in 2010–11, 2011–12 and 2014–15. Before the 2015–16 season, the team withdrew from the second level league.


1. FC Katowice, Women's football team
In 2015 the women's section was disbanded citing financial problems. There were plans to transfer the team to GKS Katowice, but eventually GKS re-founded their own women's section.


1. FC Kattowitz
1. FC Kattowitz (Polish: 1. FC Katowice) was an ethnically German football club playing in what was Kattowitz, Silesia Province in Germany (now Katowice, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland) and was active during the inter-war period and World War II when the two countries struggled over control of the region. Established in 1905, the original club disappeared in 1945; a modern-day Polish club using the name 1. FC Katowice was formed in 2007.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Origins as FC Preußen
The original club was formed by brothers Emil and Rudolf Fonfara as FC Preußen Kattowitz out of predecessor side Sportverein Frisch Auf Kattowitz. SV was the first football club in the region and was established at the initiative of local priests. One of the local organizers was Karol Walica, whose father brought the first leather football to the city from Berlin.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Origins as FC Preußen
Preußen was one of three clubs that followed out of SV, alongside Germania Kattowitz and Diana Kattowitz, that formed the short-lived Kattowitzer Ballspiel-Verband (KBV, en:Kattowitz Ballgame Association). The team claimed that league's only championship in 1905.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Origins as FC Preußen
Top-flight football in the region was dominated by the Verband Breslauer Ballspiel-Vereine (VBB, en:Association of Breslau Ballgame Clubs, 1903–06) and the Verband Niederlausitzer Ballspielvereine (VNB, en:Association of Niederlausitz Ballgame Clubs, 1904–06). These two associations merged in 1906 to form the regional Südostdeutschland Fußballverband (SOFV, en:Southeast German Football Association) and FC Preußen became part of the league in the 1906–07 season. The team advanced to the league final in 1908 and 1909 where they were defeated in turn by VfR Breslau (5:2) and SC Alemannia Cottbus (3:2). They made another appearance in the final in 1913 and beat Askania Forst 2:1, however, Forst protested the result and beat Kattowitz 4:0 in the re-play. The outbreak of World War I in 1914 led to the suspension of championship play in the SOFV until the 1919–20 season.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Play in Poland in the 1920s and 1930s
After the war and the re-establishment of a Polish republic, Upper Silesia was the subject of a territorial dispute between Germany and Poland. Following the Silesian Uprisings in 1921 and a subsequent League of Nations plebiscite, part of the region – including Kattowitz – was granted to Poland and the name of the city was changed to Katowice. The football club was caught up in the politically charged events of the period.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Play in Poland in the 1920s and 1930s
In 1920–21 Preußen was still part of German football competition in the SOFV. The season ended with Vereinigte Breslauer Sportfreunde, Viktoria Forst, and Kattowitz in a three-way tie for first place separated only by goal difference, which was not at the time considered decisive. A playoff was organized to determine which of the three clubs would take part in the German national playoffs. Kattowitz was unable to participate because of passport problems and Forst ultimately went on to represent the SOFV. A separate playoff was later held to determine which of the three clubs would be Südostdeutschland champions. Breslau won both of their matches – including a 5:1 victory over Preußen – to claim the title.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Play in Poland in the 1920s and 1930s
With the transfer of the city of Katowice to Poland, the name of the club was Polonized in 1922 to 1. Klub Sportowy Katowice. That same year, the membership of the club successfully challenged the change in court and won the right to play as 1. FC Kattowitz. By 1924, the team was part of regional Polish competition and playing as 1. FC Katowice. It soon emerged as one of the strongest teams in the country and finished second to Wisła Kraków in the first season of Poland's newly established national competition in 1927. Katowice lost a crucial match 0:2 at home to Wisła


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Play in Poland in the 1920s and 1930s
During this period Katowice was well known for its excellent players: goalkeeper Emil Goerlitz, who was the first footballer from Upper Silesia to play for the Polish national team; defender Erich Heidenreich, regarded as one of the best backs in Europe, who refused to play for Poland citing his German heritage; and forward Karol Kossok, another Polish national who went on to become the top scorer for the clubs Cracovia Kraków and Pogoń Lwów. The team's most famous player was Ernest Willimowski, who started his career with Katowice, but was sold to Ruch Chorzów in 1933, and appeared with both the Polish and German national squads.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Play in Poland in the 1920s and 1930s
Katowice faltered in 1929 and was relegated from first division Polish football, descending to play in the regional Silesian league where they became champions in 1932. They went on to the promotion round playoffs against the winners of the Kraków league (Podgorze Kraków) and Kielce league (Warta Zawiercie). The Katowice side twice beat Warta (5:2, 6:2), but also twice lost to Podgorze (1:2, 1:3). As a result, Podgorze qualified for the central playoffs, and later went on the national league.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Play under the Third Reich in the 1940s
In June 1939, the club's activities were suspended by Polish authorities when they were accused of promoting and supporting the interests of Nazi Germany. After the German invasion of Poland which began World War II in the fall of 1939, the team resumed play with German authorities looking to hold up 1. FC Kattowitz as a model side in Upper Silesia for propaganda purposes.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Play under the Third Reich in the 1940s
In 1933, German football was reorganized under the Third Reich into sixteen top-flight Gauligen. With the onset of the war, existing divisions were expanded or additional divisions were formed to incorporate conquered territories. Citing the club's "excellent fighting spirit during the Polish-time", Nazi sporting authorities advanced 1. FC to the Gauliga Schlesien in 1940 without their having to qualify competitively, unlike other teams in the region. Kattowitz earned a third-place result in the 1940–41 campaign.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Play under the Third Reich in the 1940s
The division was split the following year into the Gauliga Niederschlesien and the Gauliga Oberschlesien, where 1. FC played until the end of the war. The club attracted players such as Ewald Dytko, Paweł Cyganek, Erwin Nyc and Wilimowski to its ranks, but was never able to overtake rival Germania Königshütte, instead struggling as a lower table side that was unable to develop into a propaganda show piece as authorities had hoped.


1. FC Kattowitz, History, Play under the Third Reich in the 1940s
The club's last known match was a 1:2 loss to Preußen Hindenburg on 14 January 1945. A game scheduled for a week later versus TuS Schwientochlowitz was never played and by 27 January Soviet Red Army troops occupied the city. 1. FC Kattowitz sat atop the division at the end of the never completed season and the club soon ceased to exist. Today a side playing as 1. FC Katowice competes in the Polish A-Class (7th level; men) and Polish Extra League (women).


1. FC Kleve
1. FC Kleve is a German association football club from the city of Kleve, North Rhine-Westphalia very near the Dutch border. The club was established in 2000 out of the merger of VfB Lohengrin 03 Kleve and Sportclub Kleve 63. The footballers are today part of a larger sports club that also has departments for aerobics, gymnastics, Karate, and tennis.


1. FC Kleve, History, Sportclub Kleve 63
SC Kleve was founded in 1906 as Fussball Club Cleve and merged with Spieleverein 1909 Cleve in 1917 to create FC Hohenzollern Cleve. Two years later the club was briefly known as Verein für Jungend und Volksspiele Cleve before becoming part of Turnverein Cleve 1863. In 1924, the footballers left to form an independent club called Sportclub Cleve 1863. After 1925 the city was known as "Kleve" and the sports club adopted the same form.


1. FC Kleve, History, Sportclub Kleve 63
Following World War II, SC made occasional appearances as a lower table side in third tier football in the Amateurliga Niederrhein. Following the reorganization of German football and the formation of the top-flight Bundesliga in 1963, SC managed another three season of third division play (1963–64, 1969–71) before slipping back to lower level local competition.


1. FC Kleve, History, VfB Lohengrin 03 Kleve
The Lohengrin side was established in 1903 as VfB Cleve and was made up largely of workers from the "van-den-Berghschen Margarinewerke" earning them the nickname "de Botter". The club's home field  Sportplatz an der Triftstraße was built with the support of the margarine company and on 16 October 1910 was the site of the first international match between Germany and Holland held on German soil (1:2).


1. FC Kleve, History, VfB Lohengrin 03 Kleve
This team merged with Turnclub Merkur and Clever Schwimm-Sportclub in 1920 to form Verein für Turn- und Bewegungsspiele Cleve. A new association known as VfL 95 Merkur Cleve was formed out of this club the following year and they quickly re-adopted the traditional name VfB 03 Cleve. After 1925 this side also used the form "Kleve". In January 1946, VfB joined SuL Kleve, itself formed through the 1936 merger of VfB Lohengrin 1921 and FC Sparta 1921 Kleve, to create VfB Lohengrin 03 Kleve.


1. FC Kleve, History, VfB Lohengrin 03 Kleve
Like SC, VfB made occasional appearances in third tier football in the Amateurliga Niederrhein and had a similarly undistinguished record at that level.


1. FC Kleve, History, 1. FC Kleve
These key predecessor sides were acknowledged with the adoption of the name 1. FC Kleve 1863/1903 in the 2000 merger that formed the present-day club. In 2003, 1. FC won its way to the Oberliga Nordrhein (IV) where they competed until 2008, when the club earned promotion to the new Regionalliga West. The club has declined since then, being relegated from the Regionalliga in 2009 and the Oberliga in 2011, playing in the tier six Landesliga Niederrhein for a time. A second-place finish in 2014–15 took the club to the play-offs for promotion to what is now the Oberliga Niederrhein which they lost to eventual winner SC Düsseldorf-West with the same result in the following season, this time losing to Cronenberger SC.


1. FC Kleve, Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Köln
1. Fußball-Club Köln 01/07 e. V., commonly known as simply FC Köln or FC Cologne in English (German pronunciation: [ʔɛf ˈtseː ˈkœln]), is a German professional football club based in Cologne in North Rhine-Westphalia. It was formed in 1948 as a merger of the clubs Kölner Ballspiel-Club 1901 and SpVgg Sülz 07. Köln competes in the Bundesliga after promotion in 2018–19 following relegation to 2. Bundesliga the previous season. The team are two-time top-flight champions, winning the Bundesliga in 1964 and 1978. The team plays its home matches at Müngersdorfer Stadion.


1. FC Köln
The club's nickname Die Geißböcke (The Billy Goats) refers to the club's mascot, a male goat named Hennes after the veteran FC player and later manager Hennes Weisweiler. The first Hennes was donated by a circus entrepreneur as a Cologne carnival joke. The current mascot is Hennes IX as of 1 August 2019 after Hennes VIII was retired by the club due to old age. Another nickname for the club, more common locally due to its ambiguity, is FC (often written as Effzeh), a common German abbreviation for football clubs.


1. FC Köln
Characteristic for the dialect spoken around Cologne, this is pronounced "EF-tsay", in contrast to the Standard German pronunciation of the abbreviation where the second syllable is emphasized ([ʔɛf ˈtseː]). Köln play at home in white and red, both colours having been used as the main shirt colour throughout its history. The club has long-standing rivalries with nearby clubs Borussia Mönchengladbach, Fortuna Düsseldorf, and Bayer Leverkusen.


1. FC Köln
Like many of Germany's other professional football clubs, 1. FC Köln is part of a larger sports club with teams in other sports like handball, table tennis and gymnastics. 1. FC Köln has over 100,000 members, making it the fourth largest club in Germany.


1. FC Köln, History, Predecessor sides
Kölner BC was formed on 6 June 1901 by a group of young men who were unhappy as part of the gymnastics club FC Borussia Köln and far more interested in football. BC was a competitive side in the Zehnerliga West in the years before World War I who took the Westdeutsche championship in 1912 and advanced to the preliminary rounds of the national finals. Their next best result was a losing appearance in the 1920 league final, where they lost 1–3 to Borussia Mönchengladbach.


1. FC Köln, History, Predecessor sides
Spielvereinigung 1907 Köln-Sülz was established in 1907 as Sülzer Sportverein and on 1 January 1919 merged with Fußball Club 1908 Hertha Sülz to form SpVgg. They won the Westdeutscher title in 1928 and they too went out in the early rounds of the national finals in their turn on that stage. They went on to play as a top flight club in the Gauliga Mittelrhein, one of sixteen premier level divisions established in 1933 in the re-organization of German football under the Third Reich.


1. FC Köln, History, Predecessor sides
The side earned generally good results through the 1930s – including a divisional championship in 1939 – but then faltered in the early 1940s. After the 1941 season the Gauliga Mittlerhein was split into two new divisions: the Gauliga Köln-Aachen and the Gauliga Moselland, which included clubs from occupied Luxembourg. Sülz struggled until they were united with VfL Köln 1899 for the 1943–44 season to form the combined wartime side Kriegspielgemeinschaft VfL 99/Sülz 07 which promptly won the Gauliga Köln-Aachen title by a single point over SG Düren 99 in a close race. The club did not play the next campaign as war overtook the region.


1. FC Köln, History, A successful new club
After the union of these two predecessor sides (1948), 1. FC Köln began play in the tough Oberliga West in the 1949–50 season and by 1954 had won their first divisional championship. That same year they lost the DFB-Pokal final 1–0 to VfB Stuttgart. Die Geißböcke won their second divisional championship in 1960 and appeared in the national final against Hamburger SV, where they lost 2–3. They went on to finish first in the Oberliga West in each of the next three seasons and again played their way to the national final in 1962 and 1963.


1. FC Köln, History, A successful new club
They won the 1962 match 4–0 over 1. FC Nürnberg resulting in entry to the 1962–63 European Cup where they were one of the favourites to win the trophy. In the first round Köln visited Dundee F.C. of Scotland and lost 1–8, and despite winning the second leg back in Germany by 4–0 they were out of the tournament. In the following year's national final they lost 1–3 to Borussia Dortmund.


1. FC Köln, History, Continuing success
In 1963, FC Köln was selected as one of the original 16 teams to play in the Bundesliga, Germany's new professional football league. Köln continued their winning ways by becoming the first ever Bundesliga champion in the league's inaugural 1963–64 season. As German champions, Köln entered the 1964–65 European Cup where it met England's Liverpool at the quarter-final stage. After two 0–0 draws, a third game was played which was also a stalemate, this time 2–2.


1. FC Köln, History, Continuing success
As the penalty shootout had not yet been introduced as the means of deciding a tie, Köln went out of the competition on the toss of a coin. Ironically enough, there was the need for a second coin toss because the first time the coin stuck vertically in the ground. The club also became the first Bundesliga side to field a Brazilian player when it signed Zézé for a then club record fee of DM 150,000. Domestically, Köln recorded a second-place finish in the 1964–65 Bundesliga season and won its first DFB-Pokal in 1967–68.


1. FC Köln, History, Continuing success
At the start of the 1970s, Köln reached three DFB-Pokal finals in four seasons, losing all three; to Kickers Offenbach in 1970, Bayern Munich in 1971 and Borussia Mönchengladbach in 1973. The team also achieved another second place Bundesliga finish in 1973 before reaching another DFB-Pokal final in 1977, beating Hertha BSC over two legs to win the trophy for the second time.


1. FC Köln, History, Continuing success
In 1977–78, FC Köln enjoyed its most successful season, winning the Bundesliga title, its third national title overall, and retaining the DFB-Pokal. This makes Köln one of only four clubs to have won the double in the Bundesliga era.


1. FC Köln, History, Continuing success
Köln had another losing DFB-Pokal final appearance in 1980, before winning the competition for a fourth time in 1983. In 1986, the club appeared in its first European final, losing 5–3 on aggregate to Real Madrid in the UEFA Cup Final. Two second place Bundesliga finishes, in 1988–89 and 1989–90, and another DFB-Pokal final loss in 1991, marked the end of a glorious thirty-year period for FC Köln.


1. FC Köln, History, 21st century: ups and downs
In recent years, the club's performance has been mixed. The FC holds the dubious distinction of the worst goal drought in Bundesliga history: in 2002, the supporters had to wait 1034 excruciating minutes (equivalent to 11-and-a-half games) until Thomas Cichon found the back of the net again. In the early years of the Bundesliga, 1. FC Köln was the most successful club in West Germany in terms of total points won. Beginning in the early 1990s, however, the club's performance fell, and in 1998 it was relegated for the first time.


1. FC Köln, History, 21st century: ups and downs
Since about 2000, the side has been a "yo-yo team", moving between the first and second divisions. It has returned to the Bundesliga at the end of the 2004–05 season as 2. Bundesliga champions after having been relegated the season before. There was little optimism about their return to the top flight as they were picked by German football magazine kicker as one of the clubs most likely to be relegated.


1. FC Köln, History, 21st century: ups and downs
This prediction came true when Köln lost to Hamburger SV 1–0 in the third-to-last match of the season. The club finished the season in second-last place and was relegated after conceding a league-worst 71 goals. The team's most prolific goal scorer was Lukas Podolski with a total of 12 goals, who transferred to Bayern Munich after the end of the season. He also appeared with the Germany national team at the 2006 FIFA World Cup.


1. FC Köln, History, 21st century: ups and downs
In late 2006, former coach Christoph Daum was convinced to once again take the helm of the 2. Bundesliga club and succeeded in leading the club back to the Bundesliga in 2008. After a successful Bundesliga campaign in 2008–09, Daum left Köln for his former club Fenerbahçe. Köln's former star-striker Lukas Podolski returned for the 2009–10 season.


1. FC Köln, History, 21st century: ups and downs
After a poor run of form in the 2010–11 season, recording only one win from its opening nine Bundesliga fixtures, Köln replaced coach Zvonimir Soldo with Frank Schaefer. Schaefer, who was originally in charge of the under-23 team of Köln, decided after the season that he would rather spend more time with his family than be a coach in the Bundesliga. Former Norwegian international and recent Copenhagen coach Ståle Solbakken replaced him. After earning just eight points in the first 13 matches of the second half of the season, Schaefer and former Köln player Dirk Lottner replaced Solbakken. The club, however, was relegated at the end of the season, finishing in 17th place, having accumulated €33m debt, and €11m negative equity.


1. FC Köln, History, Turnaround (2012–2017)
In April 2012 the club members elected a new board of directors, Werner Spinner as president, Markus Ritterbach for marketing, and Toni Schumacher for sport. In the 2012–13 season, under new trainer Holger Stanislawski, Köln finished in fifth place in the 2. Bundesliga, missing out on promotion back to the top division.


1. FC Köln, History, Turnaround (2012–2017)
In 2012 the board hired Jörg Jakobs as director of football who then got promoted in 2014 to sporting director, chief scout and director of the academy. In January 2013 Alexander Wehrle joined as managing director of FC Köln ltd. Wehrle was working as assistant for VfB Stuttgart president Erwin Staudt, especially for rebuilding the stadium. In summer 2013 Peter Stöger and Manfred Schmid were hired as coaching team, and Jörg Schmadtke as general manager. 2013–14 Köln finished first in the 2. Bundesliga and earned promotion to the top division.


1. FC Köln, History, Turnaround (2012–2017)
It was followed by a 12th place 2014–15, ninth in 2015–16, and fifth place in 2016–17. 25 years after the club's last appearance in international football to date they qualified for the Europa League. After restructuring and repaying debt, equity turned from €11m negative to €20m positive. The turnover increased from €56m in 2012/13 to more than €120m in 2016/17.


1. FC Köln, History, Decline and changes (2018–)
After the club's return the European stage, fortunes quickly changed. The team experienced an unsuccessful start to the 2017–18 Bundesliga season gaining only three points from its first sixteen matches. At the same time, the club's Europa League campaign ended after the group stage. This downtrend led to the resignation of Jörg Schmadtke and Stöger's dismissal in December 2017; he was replaced by Stefan Ruthenbeck who was appointed as caretaker manager. In spite of an improved record in the second half of the season, the team finished last and were relegated to 2. Bundesliga at the end of the year.


1. FC Köln, History, Decline and changes (2018–)
Ahead of the 2018–19 season, Markus Anfang was appointed manager with a mandate to achieve an immediate return to the top flight. While the club occupied the league's top spot for much of the season, Anfang was let go after a winless streak in April 2019. Just a week later, with André Pawlak at the helm, the team achieved promotion with a 0–4 victory over Greuther Fürth. On 13 May 2019, the club announced that Jahn Regensburg manager Achim Beierlorzer would assume its vacant head coaching position from the upcoming season. He was signed to a contract until 2021.


1. FC Köln, History, Decline and changes (2018–)
Following an unsuccessful start to the 2019–20 season, which included a 3–2 cup defeat against 1. FC Saarbrücken, the club decided to terminate Beierlorzer's contract on 9 November 2019. Sporting director Armin Veh, who weeks earlier had announced that he would not extend his contract with the club, was also dismissed from his position. On 18 November, former HSV manager Markus Gisdol was appointed to the club's head coaching position, while Horst Heldt was made sporting director. Both signed contracts until 2021. After avoiding relegation at the end of the season, Gisdol's contract was extended until 2023.


1. FC Köln, History, Decline and changes (2018–)
The club found itself in a renewed relegation during the 2020–21 season. On 11 April 2021, after losing to relegation rival Mainz 05, Gisdol was dismissed from his position as head coach. The next day, it was announced that Friedhelm Funkel would take over head coaching duties until the end of the season. On 11 May, it was reported that SC Paderborn manager Steffen Baumgart would succeed Funkel as head coach at the beginning of the 2021–22 season. Funkel’s side faced Holstein Kiel in the relegation playoffs. After losing 0–1 at home, his team recorded a 1–5 away win, enabling the club to retain its position in the Bundesliga.


1. FC Köln, Stadium
The team plays its home matches in the Müngersdorfer Stadion, also known as the RheinEnergie Stadion for sponsorship purposes. It has a seating capacity of 50,000 and the average attendance in the 2015–16 season was 48,676. The stadium sponsorship comes from a contract with the local power supplier RheinEnergie AG. However, most fans still call the stadium "Müngersdorfer Stadion", named after the suburb of Müngersdorf, where it is located.


1. FC Köln, Stadium
The club owns the Geißbockheim training centre, currently known as RheinEnergieSportpark for sponsorship, located in Sülz which is a municipal part of Köln in the southwest of the city. The centre is home to the Franz-Kremer-Stadion the home of 1. FC Köln II.


1. FC Köln, Kits
Köln's kits are currently made by Uhlsport, who will pay €3.5m a year instead of €2.5m.


1. FC Köln, Rivals
The club's main rivals are Borussia Mönchengladbach, Bayer Leverkusen, and Fortuna Düsseldorf – all clubs from the same Rhine-Ruhr region, near the river Rhine.


1. FC Köln, Players, Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Köln, Players, Players out on loan
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Köln, Women's section
The women's team was promoted to the Bundesliga in 2015. They were directly relegated back to the 2. Frauen-Bundesliga after the 2016–17 season ended, but managed to regain promotion in May 2017 to the Bundesliga.


1. FC Köln (women)
1. FC Köln Frauen is 1. FC Köln's women's football section, currently competing in the Bundesliga.


1. FC Köln (women), History
The club existed since July 2009, FFC Brauweiler Pulheim dissolved their club to join 1. FC Köln. In their first season in 2009–10, they managed to come in third in the 2. Bundesliga. They achieved promotion to the Bundesliga in 2015. The team is coached by Willi Breuer.


1. FC Köln (women), Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Köln II
1. Fußball-Club Köln 01/07 e. V. II, commonly known as simply 1. FC Köln II, is a German football team based in Cologne. It is the reserve team of German association football club 1. FC Köln.


1. FC Köln II
The team has qualified for the first round of the DFB-Pokal, the German Cup, seven times and managed to reach the second round, three times. The team currently plays in the fourth tier of German Football, the Regionalliga West.


1. FC Köln II, History
Their biggest ever win was in May 2013 when they defeated MSV Duisburg II 9-0. In the 2001–02 season, the managed to win the Oberliga Nordrhein and was promoted to the Regionalliga Nord, but was then relegated back to it in the 2007–08 season. They joined the Regionalliga West in 2008 when the Oberliga Nordrhein became defunct and finished 8th in their first season.


1. FC Köln II, History
They have played in the DFB-Pokal 10 times. The first ever time was in the 1976–77 season when they were knocked out in the first round by Hamburger SV. The most recent time playing in the cup was in the 2005–06 season when they were knocked out by Hannover 96 in the first round, in a 0-4 home loss.


1. FC Köln II, Stadium
The Franz-Kremer-Stadion is the home of 1. FC Köln II. It was named after legendary chairman Franz Kremer.


1. FC Köln II, Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Köln in European football
1. Fußball-Club Köln 01/07 e. V., commonly known as simply 1. FC Köln (German pronunciation: [ʔɛf ˈtseː ˈkœln]) or in English as FC Cologne, is a German association football club based in Cologne.


1. FC Köln in European football
This is the list of all 1. FC Köln's European matches.


1. FC Köln in European football, Overall record
Source: Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; GF = Goals for; GA = Goals against; GD = Goal Difference.


1. FC Köln in European football, Result, European Cup
1 Liverpool advanced to the semi-finals by winning a coin toss after their play-off match ended 2–2.


1. FC Lichtenfels
The 1. FC Lichtenfels is a German association football club from the city of Lichtenfels, Bavaria.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
Formed in 1906, the club did not rise to prominence till after the Second World War, when it earned promotion to the tier-two Landesliga Bayern in 1946. The team became a dominant side in the northern division of this league, finishing second in 1947 and 1948.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
For the 1948–49 season, the league was reduced to a single division and the club came third behind Jahn Regensburg and SpVgg Fürth, who were both promoted to the Oberliga Süd. The following season, when the new 2nd Oberliga Süd was to be formed, a finish in the top-five was necessary to qualify but FCL only came tenth and had to remain in what was to become the tier-three Amateurliga Bayern. The club remained a strong side and came third once more in 1951. From 1953 onwards, the Amateurliga was split into a northern and a southern group and Lichtenfels became part of the north.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
It took part in the 1954 edition of the German amateur football championship but was knocked out in the group stage.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
Second place finishes in 1954, 1956 and 1957 were the prelude to a league championship in 1959–60 under player-manager Željko Čajkovski. The team then went on to face Schwaben Augsburg in the final of the Bavarian championship, which it won 5–3 in Augsburg. Through this performance, the club qualified for the promotion round to the second division but missed out to Borussia Fulda there.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
After this, the club's performances in the next two seasons dropped off but it managed to finish sixth in 1963, when only the top-seven qualified for the new single-division Amateurliga Bayern. The club holds top spot in the all-time table of this era of the Bayernliga from 1945 to 1963, having spent 17 seasons at this level, more than any other club.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
In the new era of German football, after the inception of the Bundesliga in 1963, Lichtenfels continued as a good side in the Amateurliga, finishing fourth in 1966 and 1969 as its best results. The 1969–70 season became another highlight in the club history, finishing second, three points behind FC Wacker München. This result qualified the team for the German amateur championship once more, where it was knocked out by VfL Neckarau in the quarter finals.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
The club's performances after this quickly slipped and in 1973 a 17th place meant relegation from the Bayernliga after 27 continued seasons. The club was never to return to this level. (2010).


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
Lichtenfels became part of the tier-four Landesliga Bayern-Nord from 1973 onwards, where it finished third in its first season. The club achieved a number of upper table finishes but was relegated from the league in 1978 after coming last, 14 points clear of salvation. Its new league now was the Bezirksliga Oberfranken West, the fifth tier of league football.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
It took until 1982 to recover from this fall, when it returned to the Landesliga. Six seasons of lower-table finishes followed before the club was relegated once more in 1988, now to the new Bezirksoberliga Oberfranken.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
The club returned twice from this league to the Landesliga, in 1991 on the strength of a second place and in 1994 through a championship. In 1989, it missed out on promotion when it came equal second with SV Mitterteich and lost a decider. The club enjoyed some better seasons in the Landesliga in 1994–95 and 1995–96 but was relegated again in 1998.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
Upon return to the Bezirksoberliga, it remained a top side, finishing fourth in 1999 and fifth the year after. It slipped to mid-field after a third place in 2001 and was relegated once more in 2004, to the Bezirksliga with only two wins out of 30 games.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
FCL dropped another level the season after, down to the Kreisliga, to tier eight. In this league, it met with Kickers Neustadt Wildenheid a team that had seen better times, too, albeit under a different name. Since 2006 the club has been playing in the Bezirksliga, now the seventh tier of the league system.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
In July 2008, the club could attract the 1. FC Nürnberg for a pre-season match, losing 3–0 in front of 4,200 spectators in Lichtenfeld. In the 2008–09 season, the club barely survived, finishing one point above the relegation ranks, ahead of the FC Kronach, another former great from Oberfranken whose history is closely tied with FCL.


1. FC Lichtenfels, History
Lichtenfels won its Bezirksliga division in 2015–16 and earned promotion to the Landesliga.


1. FC Lok Stendal
1. FC Lok Stendal is a German association football club that plays in Stendal, Saxony-Anhalt.


1. FC Lok Stendal, History
Founded in 1909, FC Viktoria Stendal was dissolved in the aftermath of World War II and re-established in Soviet occupation zone of Germany in 1945 as SG Stendal-Nord. The club underwent a number of changes in quick succession. It was renamed Blau-Weiss Stendal in 1948 and then SG Eintracht Stendal in April 1949. By year's end Eintract was merged with two railway sides – BSG Reichsbahn Stendal and BSG RAW Stendal – to emerge briefly in December as SG Hans Wendler Stendal.


1. FC Lok Stendal, History
The practise of honouring industry in the worker's state through the renaming of football clubs was common in East Germany. Hans Wendler was an engineer who developed a method for using dust from the country's plentiful supplies of low grade brown coal to fuel older locomotives and so was briefly honoured by having one of the railway-sponsored football sides named after him. The team was finally dubbed BSG Lokomotive Stendal in 1950.


1. FC Lok Stendal, History
Lok spent most of the 1950s and 1960s in the top flight DDR-Oberliga. However, they were a perennial lower-table side and their best ever result at that level was a fourth-place finish. They fell to the second-tier DDR-Liga in 1968 to play out the 1970s and early 1980s. Most of the rest of the 1980s was spent in third and fourth division level competition.


1. FC Lok Stendal, History
With German reunification in 1990 the club changed its name to FSV Lok Altmark Stendal and after a year in the transitional league, Lok Altmark was seeded to the third tier NOFV-Oberliga Mitte and, from 1994 to 2000, the Regionalliga Nordost. The team enjoyed a successful run in the 1995 German Cup, advancing as far as the quarter finals where there were put out on penalty kicks by Bundesliga side Bayer Leverkusen.


1. FC Lok Stendal, History
With the new millennium the club slipped to the NOFV-Oberliga Nord (VI) and by 2002 they were bankrupt and adrift. A union with the small local club 1. FC Stendal earned them a new start in the Verbandsliga Sachsen-Anhalt (VI since 2008, previously V) where they play today.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig
1. Fußballclub Lokomotive Leipzig e.V. is a German football club based in the Probstheida district of Leipzig, Saxony. The club may be more familiar to many of the country's football fans as the historic side VfB Leipzig, the first national champion of Germany. The club won four cup titles and the 1965–66 Intertoto Cup during the East German era. It also finished runner-up in the 1986–87 European Cup Winners' Cup. 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig was renamed VfB Leipzig after German re-unification and managed to qualify for the Bundesliga in 1993. However, like many clubs of the former DDR-Oberliga, VfB Leipzig faced hard times in re-unified Germany and a steady decline soon followed. 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig was refounded in 2003 and has reclimbed through divisions since then. The team competes in the fourth tier Regionalliga Nordost as of 2021.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History
1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig claims to be the successor to the VfB Leipzig and SC Sportbrüder Leipzig established in 1896 and 1893 respectively, and to be, therefore, one of the oldest clubs of the German Football Association. However, they are not nominally successors. In 2018, 1. FC Lokomotive announced a merger with the formally extant, but bankrupt and dormant VfB Leipzig, in order to be entitled to the forerunner's titles. Due to the significant breaks and turmoils in the club history, especially during the post-World War II era, many fans identify 1966 as the year of establishment rather than 1893.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, VfB Leipzig (1893–1946)
The club was formed as VfB Leipzig on 13 May 1896 out of the football department of gymnastics club Allgemeine Turnverein 1845 Leipzig. However, the club lay claim to an earlier date of origin by reaching back to a club that was merged with VfB Leipzig in 1898, the SC Sportbrüder Leipzig, which was one of four football clubs formed in Leipzig in 1893.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, VfB Leipzig (1893–1946)
Following the merger with SC Sportbrüder Leipzig, the club competed under the name VfB Sportbrüder 1893 Leipzig. VfB Sportbrüder 1893 Leipzig was one of the original 86 teams that came together in the city on 28 January 1900 to form the German Football Association (DFB). From 2 May 1900, the Sportbrüder 1893 part of the name was dropped and the team became again known as VfB Leipzig.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, VfB Leipzig (1893–1946)
VfB Leipzig were immediately successful at their chosen sport and made their way to the first German national championship final held in 1903. Their opponents were DFC Prag, a German-Jewish side from Prague, which was then part of Austria-Hungary. The DFB had invited "German" clubs of this sort from other countries in order to boost numbers in their new national association.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, VfB Leipzig (1893–1946)
DFC Prag had made their way to the final under circumstances that had allowed them to avoid playing a single playoff match, while VfB Leipzig had come through some hard-fought matches. Arriving in Hamburg for the match, the heavily favoured Pragers took themselves off on an ill-advised pub crawl the night before the contest and so arrived to the pitch in less than ideal match-shape. The contest against was delayed half an hour as officials scrambled to find a football that was in good condition.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, VfB Leipzig (1893–1946)
The host, FC 93 Altona Hamburg, provided a new ball and 11 minutes in, DFC Prag scored the first goal. At the end of the first half, the score stood at 1–1, but VfB Leipzig then pulled away to emerge as the first winners of the Viktoria Meisterschaftstrophäe ("Victoria Championship Trophy"), representative of German football supremacy, on the strength of a decisive 7–2 victory.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, VfB Leipzig (1893–1946)
VfB Leipzig played themselves into another final appearance in 1904, but the match was never contested. A protest by FV Karlsruhe over their disputed semi-final with Britannia Berlin was never resolved and the DFB called off the final only hours before its scheduled start. There would be no champion that year. The following season, VfB Leipzig found themselves unable to cover the expense of travelling to participate in their scheduled first-round playoff match and so were eliminated from that year's competition. However, they did go on to raise the Viktoria again in 1906 and 1913 and also played in the 1911 and 1914 finals.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, VfB Leipzig (1893–1946)
In the period leading up to World War II, VfB Leipzig was unable to repeat their early success. Gyula Kertész coached the side from 1932-33.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, VfB Leipzig (1893–1946)
After the re-organization of German football leagues under the Third Reich in 1933, the club found itself in Gauliga Sachsen, 1 of 16 upper-tier divisions. While they earned strong results within their own division, they were unable to advance in the playoff rounds. In 1937, they captured the Tschammerpokal, known today as the DFB-Pokal, in a match against Schalke 04, the dominant side of the era.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, Post-war turmoil
The club, like most other organizations in Germany, including sports and football clubs, was dissolved by the occupying Allied authorities in the aftermath of the war. Club members reconstituted the team in 1946 as SG Probstheida under the auspices of the occupying Soviets. After playing as BSG Erich Zeigner Probstheida and then BSG Einheit Ost, the club merged with sports club SC Rotation Leipzig in 1954 and played in the DDR-Oberliga, East Germany's top-flight league, but earned only mediocre results. In 1963, the city of Leipzig's two most important sports clubs – SC Rotation and SC Lokomotive Leipzig – were merged, resulting in two new sides being founded: SC Leipzig and BSG Chemie Leipzig.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, 1. FC Lokomotive (1966–1990)
East German football went through a general re-organization in 1965, creating football clubs as centres of high-level football, during which the football department of SC Leipzig was separated from the sports club and reformed into football club 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, while rivals Chemie Leipzig continued as a Betriebssportgemeinschaft (BSG), or a corporate team. Like most East German clubs, it was assigned to a publicly owned enterprise as its "sponsor". In the case of Lokomotive, the providing enterprise was Deutsche Reichsbahn—the East German state railways—hence the name. The club's fortunes improved somewhat as they almost always finished well up the league table, but they were unable to capture the top honour in the DDR (German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik or German Democratic Republic) with losing final appearances in 1967, 1986, and 1988.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, 1. FC Lokomotive (1966–1990)
Lok earned a clutch of East German Cups (FDGB Pokal) with victories in 1976, 1981, 1986 and 1987 against failed appearances in the Cup final in 1970, 1973 and 1977. They also won the UEFA Intertoto Cup in 1966 and made an appearance in the 1987 final of the European Cup Winners' Cup, falling 0–1 to Johan Cruyff's Ajax after a Marco van Basten goal.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, VfB Leipzig (1991–2004)
The re-unification in 1990 was followed by the merger of the football leagues of the two Germanies a year later. A poor season led to a seventh-place finish in the transitional league, but an unexpectedly strong playoff propelled the club into the 2. Bundesliga.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, VfB Leipzig (1991–2004)
1. FC Lokomotive made a grasp at their former glory by re-claiming the name VfB Leipzig. A third-place finish in 1993 advanced the team to the top-flight Bundesliga, where they finished last in the 1994 season. The new VfB began a steady slide down through the 2. Bundesliga into the Regionalliga Nordost (III) by 1998 and then further still to the NOFV-Oberliga Süd (IV) by 2001. They were bankrupted in 2004, their results were annulled and the club was dissolved.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, 1. FC Lokomotive (since 2003–04)
In late 2003, the club was re-established by a group of fans as 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig. The renewed side had to start in the lowest league eleventh-tier 3. Kreisklasse, Staffel 2 in 2004–05. Even so, they continued to receive solidly enthusiastic fan support: their match against Eintracht Großdeuben's second team in the Leipzig Zentralstadion on 9 October 2004 broke the world record for lower-league attendance with 12,421 spectators. Thanks to a merger with SSV Torgau, the club could play in the seventh-tier Bezirksklasse Leipzig, Staffel 2 in 2005–06.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, 1. FC Lokomotive (since 2003–04)
Finishing this league as champions, the team qualified for the sixth-tier Bezirksliga. In 2006, 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig also played a friendly match against FC United of Manchester (4–4) and qualified for the 2006–07 Landespokal by winning the Bezirkspokal. 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig finished as champions of their group and promoted to fifth-tier Landesliga Sachsen Group for 2007–08 season. The club finished second to Erzgebirge Aue and missed out on direct promotion to NOFV-Oberliga Süd by two points in 2007–08 season. It still had the chance to regain Oberliga status through a relegation play-off with Schönberg, winning the first leg 2–1 at Schönberg. In the return leg, in front of almost 10,000 spectators, the club lost 0–1 but still gained Oberliga promotion via the away goals rule.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, 1. FC Lokomotive (since 2003–04)
1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig finished Oberliga in third place in 2008–09, 12th in 2009–10 and eighth in 2010–11. 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig was promoted to Regionalliga Nordost after finishing Oberliga as sixth due to reserve teams of FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt, Dynamo Dresden and FC Carl Zeiss Jena being ineligible for promotion. Lokomotive finished in tenth place in the 2012–13 season but were relegated to Oberliga Nordost after finishing 15th in 2013–14.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, History, 1. FC Lokomotive (since 2003–04)
The club stayed in contention for promotion back up to the Regionalliga during the 2014–15 season, having hired former German international Mario Basler as director of sports in early 2015. In the final match of the season, Lok supporters stormed the field after their club had fallen behind 2–0, forcing the match to be abandoned and the club to finish outside of the promotion ranks. The club finished in first place in the southern group of the NOFV-Oberliga and returned to Regionalliga Nordost for the 2016–17 season.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, Rivalries
The club's fans share a fierce and often violent rivalry with the supporters of Chemie Leipzig. When both teams met in the quarter finals of the Sachsenpokal in 2016, German daily newspaper Die Welt called the match the "German hooligan summit". An additional reason for the enmity between some fan groups (namely their ultras) is a political one. Whereas certain Chemie fan clubs express left-wing and anti-fascist political views, Lok has vocal supporters from the right and far-right of the political spectrum. Lok also have lesser local rivalry with RB Leipzig.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, Organizational history
1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig has underwent several reorganizations during its history and has taken several different forms and names. The club was a football department of sports clubs SC Rotation Leipzig and later SC Leipzig, before being reorganized as football club 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig in 1966.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig (women)
1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig's women team represented 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig in the Frauen Bundesliga.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig (women)
After spending five seasons in the 2. Frauen Bundesliga Lokomotive was the North group's runner-up in the 2010–11 season, second to Hamburger SV II. Since Hamburger II wasn't eligible for promotion as a reserve team, Lokomotive was instead promoted, reaching the Frauen Bundesliga for the first time in its history.


1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig (women)
In 2013 Lok's women's football department collectively left to form a new club, FFV Leipzig.


1. FC Lübars
1. FC Lübars is a German sport club from Lübars. The club was founded 1962 and competes in football. The club is most known for its women's football section. The men′s team currently competes in the Bezirksliga Berlin 1, the eight level in the German football league system.


1. FC Lübars, Women's football
The club opened its women's football section in 1971. In 2009, the women's section signed a cooperation with Hertha BSC to represent them in the women competitions, including 2. Bundesliga and DFB–Pokal. They were the champion of the 2014–15 2. Bundesliga (women), but since they failed to get a license to play in the Bundesliga (women), they were not granted a promotion. Due to financial issues, they lost their 2. Bundesliga license and got relegated. They were planned to compete in the BerlinLiga, but also later on pulled out. They will start football activities again in 2017, by competing in the Bezirksliga.


1. FC Lübars, Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Magdeburg
1. FC Magdeburg is a German association football club based in the city of Magdeburg. The club was founded in 1965 and spent all but one season in East Germany top flight, the DDR-Oberliga, winning three championships and seven cup titles. It is the only East German club to have won a European title, winning the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1974. After German reunification, the club fell on hard times and only entered professional football in 2015 when the side was promoted to the 3. Liga.


1. FC Magdeburg, History
Football has been played in Magdeburg since the end of the 19th century. On 15 June 1896 SV Victoria 96 Magdeburg was founded, a club that had its best days before World War II, when it participated in the German championship finals on several occasions. Later the club participated in the Gauliga Mitte. After World War II, all sports clubs in the Soviet Occupation Zone were dissolved and a number of smaller clubs were created, which at first competed at a local and regional level.


1. FC Magdeburg, History
In 1945 players from the disbanded clubs Magdeburger SC Prussia 1899 and Cricket Viktoria Magdeburg formed Sportgruppe (SG) Sudenburg. This club and SG Lemsdorf came together as the sports club BSG Eintracht Sudenburg, which in turn merged with SAG Krupp Gruson in 1950. The next year the club was renamed BSG Stahl Magdeburg, and then in 1952, became BSG Motor Mitte Magdeburg. In 1957 the football department of Motor Mitte was moved to SC Aufbau Magdeburg, a political decision with the goal of achieving higher standards of performance.


1. FC Magdeburg, History
In 1965, the football department was again broken out of SC Aufbau Magdeburg and a pure football club was created, 1. FC Magdeburg. This was part of a general – again politically motivated – movement in East Germany towards football-only clubs with the goal of achieving higher standards. 1. FC Magdeburg is the oldest of the football clubs created in this period.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1960s
SC Aufbau Magdeburg were promoted to the first tier of East German football in 1959. At the beginning of the 1960s, the club usually played in the lower midtable of the DDR-Oberliga, but in 1964 the club had its first major success with a surprise win of the FDGB-Pokal. In the final at Dessau, SC Augbau Magdeburg came back from being 0–2 down to beat SC Leipzig 3–2.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1960s
The cup win meant the first international appearance of a Magdeburg club, and SC Aufbau Magdeburg managed to hold Galatasaray to a draw – three times (the deciding match in Vienna ended 1–1, as well as the home and away legs), but went out on a coin toss. Legend reports that the coin first stuck upright in the muddy ground, and only the second toss brought about a decision.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1960s
SC Aufbau Magdeburg finished mid-table again in the 1964–65 season and managed to defend their cup title as the first team in East German football ever, beating FC Carl Zeiss Jena 2–1 in the final in Berlin. However, the 1965–66 season, when the football department of SC Aufbau Magdeburg was reorganized into football club 1. FC Magdeburg, ended in disaster: The club finished last in the table and was relegated to the second-tier DDR-Liga. However, in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, 1. FC Magdeburg managed to reach the quarter final, eventually going out against defending champions West Ham United featuring stars such as Bobby Moore and Geoff Hurst.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1960s
With their new manager Heinz Krügel, 1. FC Magdeburg were immediately repromoted and finished third in 1968 and 1969. With their third win of the FDGB-Pokal in 1969 the club had finally established itself among the top teams of East German football.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1970s
During the 1970s, the DDR-Oberliga was mostly dominated by two teams, 1. FC Magdeburg and SG Dynamo Dresden. One of the figures behind the success at Magdeburg was Heinz Krügel, manager of the first team. Under his reign, Magdeburg produced 9 East German internationals between 1969 and 1974 alone, four of which were part of the East German team competing at the 1974 FIFA World Cup. The golden age of Magdeburg football began in 1972, when the club won the East German championship with the youngest squad in history. 1. FC Magdeburg had a record attendance in this season, an average 22,231 spectators per game.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1970s
The following season Magdeburg finished third again. The club's European campaign ended in the second round of the European Cup with a 0–2 aggregate loss against Juventus. The home leg saw an attendance of 50,000 spectators. However, Magdeburg did not finish the season without a title, as they won their fourth FDGB-Pokal title with a 3–2 against 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1970s
The 1973–74 season is generally considered as the most successful in the history of 1. FC Magdeburg. Aside from winning their second East German championship, the club could celebrate the biggest success in club history when they won the Cup Winners' Cup against title holders AC Milan, beating them 2–0 in De Kuip in Rotterdam. 1. FC Magdeburg would be the only East German football club to triumph in a European competition.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1970s
In the next season, 1. FC Magdeburg defended their Oberliga title successfully and topped their record attendance once more, averaging 22,923 spectators. The European Super Cup that usually pitted the Cup Winners' Cup and European Cup winners against each other was not played, supposedly because the two clubs involved could not fit it into their schedules, but a political motivation has since been suggested, as West German powerhouse FC Bayern Munich would have been the opposition. However, the two teams were drawn against each other in the first round of the European Cup, and Bayern won both matches.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1970s
In 1976, Heinz Krügel was relieved of his duties as manager of 1. FC Magdeburg, as he had fallen into disgrace with the SED cadres. They considered him politically unreliable. His successor was Klaus Urbanczyk. 1. FC Magdeburg would not win any more championships, but always finished in the top four for the rest of the 1970s. In the FGDB-Pokal, 1. FC Magdeburg was more successful, winning the competition in 1978 and 1979, against Dynamo Dresden (1–0) and BFC Dynamo (1–0 a.e.t. ).


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1970s
The late 1970s saw 1. FC Magdeburg play against a number of famous teams in the European competitions. In the 1976–77 UEFA Cup, 1. FC Magdeburg went out in the quarter-finals against eventual winners Juventus, in the 1977–78 UEFA Cup Magdeburg met FC Schalke 04 and beat them 4–2 and 3–1, making 1. FC Magdeburg the only team to beat Schalke 04 in a European competition at their home Parkstadion. But 1. FC Magdeburg went out in the quarter-finals again, eventual winners PSV Eindhoven scoring the deciding goal with just 90 seconds left on the clock.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1980s
From the end of the 1970s, 1. FC Magdeburg did not have much more success in the league, aside from a third-placed finish in 1981. This had a profound effect on attendances: While until the 1976–77 season the club had averaged 18,000 spectators or more – with attendances of up to 45,000 against Dynamo Dresden or FC Carl Zeiss Jena, the season average had now dropped to a mere 13,000 spectators. Only with their seventh FDGB-Pokal title in 1983 was the club able to get back into the limelight – and with the club came the fans.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1980s
About 25,000 fans supported their team in Berlin's Stadion der Weltjugend against FC Karl-Marx-Stadt, a club record for travelling fans that still stands today. However, it soon became clear that 1. FC Magdeburg had lost its position among the best clubs in East Germany, those were now BFC Dynamo, Dynamo Dresden and Lok Leipzig. This made qualification for the UEFA Cup via league position the only realistic goal in this period.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1980s
But even in the UEFA Cup, 1. FC Magdeburg usually went out in the early rounds, albeit against reputable opposition, such as AC Torino, Borussia Mönchengladbach, FC Barcelona and Athletic Bilbao. The 1–5 home defeat against Barcelona (three goals by Diego Maradona) showed that the club from 1. FC Magdeburg was no longer able to keep up with Europe's footballing greats. From the mid-80s, attendances shrunk to around 10,000 spectators.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1980s
Only in the 1989–90 season did 1. FC Magdeburg compete for the championship until the final day. However, the team lost the decisive match against their direct competitors from Karl-Marx-Stadt and only managed to finish third in the table.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1990s
Grave mistakes by the club's management led to 1. FC Magdeburg losing touch with top-flight football. After the third place in 1990, hopes were high that the team would be able to qualify for Fußball-Bundesliga or at least Second Bundesliga in the 1990–91 season. However, the club could not compensate for losing manager Joachim Streich (to Eintracht Braunschweig) and a number of players (Dirk Schuster, Wolfgang Steinbach among others) and only finished tenth. In the qualification playoffs for the Second Bundesliga the club did not win a single game and found themselves in the tier III Oberliga Nordost/Staffel Mitte. Eventually, Magdeburg are ranked eighth in All-Time DDR-Oberliga Table. During the 1991–92 season Magdeburg managed to keep up with 1. FC Union Berlin, but eventually finished second, trailing the winners by thirteen points.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1990s
In the next season Magdeburg finished eighth, but winning the Saxony-Anhalt Cup meant qualification for the DFB-Pokal. Magdeburg met then Second Bundesliga club Wuppertaler SV and beat them 8–7 after penalties in a dramatic game. In the third round, holders Bayer 04 Leverkusen came to a sold out Ernst-Grube-Stadion and triumphed, Magdeburg was beaten 5–1. The 1993–94 season saw Magdeburg miss out in yet another qualification, finishing seventh because they had scored less goals than Hertha Zehlendorf. Magdeburg competed in tier IV now, finishing twelfth in Oberliga Nordost/Staffel Nord. This was the worst position the club ever finished in – and a mere 444 spectators came to see the matches on average.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1990s
In 1996–97 Magdeburg moved to Oberliga Nordost/Staffel Süd again. In this season, another Magdeburg team, Fortuna Magdeburg had been promoted to this league, leading to better attendance levels: Both derbies and the key match against FSV Hoyerswerda were watched by more than 10,000 people. FCM averaged 3,000 spectators in that season. Eventually, 1. FC Magdeburg could reaffirm their position as the number one club in the city, finishing first in the league and winning promotion to the Regionalliga Nordost.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, The 1990s
In 1997–98 Magdeburg managed to stay in the third-tier Regionalliga and win the Saxony-Anhalt Cup for the second time and in the following year, the team competed for promotion to 2nd Bundesliga for a long time, but eventually finished third, raising hopes that the team would be able to qualify for the reduced Regionalligas in the following season. However, a tenth place meant relegation to tier IV once more. Consolation could only be found in the club's reserves winning the Saxony-Anhalt Cup for a third time.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, Since 2000
Magdeburg had a very successful season in 2000–01. Not only did the club win their league in superior style, scoring more than 120 goals, but they also reached the quarter final of the DFB-Pokal. 1. FC Magdeburg beat Bundesliga side 1. FC Köln, holders FC Bayern Munich and Karlsruher SC, ultimately going out against eventual winners Schalke 04. Additionally the club won their fourth Saxony-Anhalt-Cup. In the promotion play-offs, Magdeburg beat their old rivals BFC Dynamo 5–2 on aggregate, but financially the club was in deep trouble. In order to be allowed to play, they had to raise 5 million DM in a matter of days. A two-day donation drive initiated by the fans brought 1 million Marks, the remaining sum was loaned to the club by two banks.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, Since 2000
Magdeburg managed to remain in the league, finishing twelfth, and averaging 4,500 spectators, but in June 2002 the club had to go into receivership. This led to the club's relegation to tier IV, and almost all players left the club and 1. FC Magdeburg had to manage the next season with players from their youth department and their reserves. This young team finished tenth in the Oberliga Nordost-Süd and won the Saxony-Anhalt-Cup for a fifth time. Despite this negative development, average attendance stayed at the same level.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, Since 2000
After the club had almost gone bust, its board restructured it and began to work at a slow, but steady reconstruction. In 2004, the city of Magdeburg resolved to build a new stadium, which meant that 1. FC Magdeburg had to move to the much smaller Heinrich Germer Stadium. The patient rebuilding of the squad paid off eventually, when the club was re-promoted to Regionalliga Nord in 2006. Additionally, Magdeburg won the Saxony-Anhalt-Cup for a sixth time.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, Since 2000
The 2006–07 Regionalliga Nord season saw Magdeburg with the simple goal of non-relegation and setting the foundation for qualifying for the new 3rd Liga in the 2007–08 season. In December 2006 Magdeburg moved to their new stadium, dramatically increasing attendance. With their fans as support, Magdeburg started a run of great results after the winter break that opened up the opportunity to win promotion to the Second Bundesliga immediately, a feat only two other teams (FC Gütersloh and Carl Zeiss Jena) had achieved before.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, Since 2000
But despite having a five-point lead on the third-placed team three matchdays before the end of the season, Magdeburg eventually finished in a disappointing third place. In the Saxony-Anhalt-Cup the reserves won the club's seventh title. In the following season the club missed out on qualification for the newly created 3rd Liga. After a terrible first half of the campaign with as little as 24 points from 21 matches, the board sacked manager Dirk Heyne and replaced him with Paul Linz.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, Since 2000
This proved to be a successful measure as the club moved to a qualifying spot with only two games to go. But a home defeat to Rot-Weiß Essen eventually destroyed all hopes of qualification and Magdeburg finished eleventh behind Eintracht Braunschweig on goal difference. Attendance remained high throughout the season, averaging 11,800 spectators. For the first season in the new tier-IV Regionalliga Nord, the Magdeburg board gave out immediate repromotion as the team's goal. As only one player had a valid contract for the new league, the club was forced to bring in a large number of new players.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, Since 2000
Especially in the midfield virtually none of the previous season's squad was retained. With just the top spot bringing promotion, the task for manager Linz was exceptionally difficult. But in spite of the challenge of forming a team from scratch, the majority of managers in the league declared Magdeburg the top candidate for promotion. Following a drop to fourth place in March, the club sacked manager Paul Linz and hired former player Steffen Baumgart as his successor. Baumgart signed a contract until June 2009.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, Since 2000
Despite a mediocre record in the league, Baumgart' contract was extended another year until June 2010. Promotion was still the target for Baumgart's team, but after the winter break the distance to the promotion spot had increased so much that the board decided to let Baumgart go. Carsten Müller was appointed as an interim manager with the goal of at least winning the Landespokal, but even that failed. For the following season, Magdeburg signed Ruud Kaiser as manager, tasked with building a team capable of winning the league within two years. However, after a string of bad results brought the side dangerously close to relegation, Kaiser was let go and succeeded by Wolfgang Sandhowe.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, Since 2000
Sandhowe stayed on as manager for the next season, but was unable to get results. Hence he was replaced by assistant manager Ronny Thielemann in October. The continuing string of bad results that saw Magdeburg slip to last place led to Thielemann's dismissal from the manager role. Detlef Ullrich became the new manager in March, with Thielemann working as assistant manager. Towards the end of April, the club presented Andreas Petersen as the manager for the next season and on 3 May announced that Detlef Ullrich had been relieved of all duties, with Carsten Müller again serving as the interim manager for the remaining three matches.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, Since 2000
After finishing bottom of the league at the end of the 2011–12 season, new manager Andreas Petersen led the club to a 6th-place finish in his first and a 2nd-place finish in his second season, winning the Landespokal on both occasions. Despite this, the board announced in March that the contract with Petersen would not be extended. A month later, the club presented Jens Härtel as his successor. Härtel signed a two-year contract.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, 2016–present
Having qualified for the DFB-Pokal and finished second in the league, the club set their eyes firmly on finishing first in the new season, with promotion to the 3. Liga as the eventual goal. To that end, a number of experienced players were signed, such as Silvio Bankert, Marcel Schlosser and Jan Glinker, in order to increase quality in the squad. Magdeburg won the Regionalliga Nordost and thereby earned the right to take part in the promotion round to the 3. Liga. They faced Kickers Offenbach, winners of Regionalliga Südwest.


1. FC Magdeburg, History, 2016–present
Magdeburg won 1–0 at home on 27 May 2015 and 3–1 away on 31 May 2015 and returned to third level after 7 years. This also meant that the club would compete in a fully professional league for the first time since reunification. Magdeburg finished the inaugural 3. Liga season in fourth place and qualified for 2016–17 DFB-Pokal. Finishing in 1st place at the end of the 2017–18 season Magdeburg achieved promotion to 2. Bundesliga. Their spell in the 2. Bundesliga was short lived and on 12 May 2019 they were relegated back to the 3. Liga alongside MSV Duisburg.


1. FC Magdeburg, Stadium
For over 40 years, 1. FC Magdeburg's home stadium was the Ernst-Grube-Stadion. In 2005, the stadium which had decayed rapidly after German reunification was demolished to make way for a new, football-only stadium. In December 2006 the new Stadion Magdeburg was opened, it is fully covered and offers room for 27,250 spectators. As it is usual in Germany, there is standing room for 4,500 people that can be converted to seats to make the stadium a 25,000 capacity all-seater for international matches. In July 2009, local ISP and cable TV company MDCC announced they had signed a five-year sponsorship agreement with the stadium operator under which the stadium would be known as MDCC-Arena.


1. FC Magdeburg, Fans
While the average attendance has had its ups and downs in recent years, 1. FC Magdeburg traditionally had a large number of supporters. At an average away match, the club will bring several hundred fans, but for important matches or derbies, this number can increase into thousands. 5,000 fans accompanied their club to the away match against Eintracht Braunschweig in the 2007–08 season. A similar number traveled to the match against VfL Wolfsburg II. While there are claims that in 1983 some 25,000 fans traveled to Berlin to see the FDGB-Pokal final against FC Karl-Marx-Stadt in the Stadion der Weltjugend, Berliner Zeitung only reports 8,000 Magdeburg fans.


1. FC Magdeburg, Fans
After the new stadium was opened, fans were found in two different sections for a time, but are now mainly found behind the goal in sections 3 through 5. They refer to themselves as Block U, a reference to the initial plan of designating the various sections of the new stadium with letters instead of numbers. Block U unites a number of different ultra and fan groups. Currently, 49 fan clubs have registered with 1. FC Magdeburg.


1. FC Magdeburg, Fans
Magdeburg have fan rivalries with Hallescher FC and Dynamo Dresden. The rivalry with Hallescher FC centers around the question of being no. 1 in Saxony-Anhalt, while the Dresden rivalry can be traced back to the 1970s, when both clubs formed the elite of East German football. There is a friendly relation to Eintracht Braunschweig, accepted by a large part of Magdeburg supporters. Some, however, merely respect the friendship, while remaining generally critical. The fans have also friendly relations with fans of Polish team Hutnik Kraków, as well as Welsh club Wrexham AFC (against whom they played in the Cup Winners Cup in 1979–80).


1. FC Magdeburg, Players, Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Magdeburg, Players, Out on loan
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


1. FC Magdeburg, Youth teams
1. FC Magdeburg's U19 team is coached by Olympic gold medalist Martin Hoffmann. For the 2010–11 season the team competes in the U19 Bundesliga, the top flight league it had competed in during the 2007–08 season. Talents from the club's youth teams make the step up to the men's team on a regular basis. Altogether, more than 200 players of all ages compete in the youth teams. All but the U19 and U17 teams play in their respective top flights.


1. FC Magdeburg, Youth teams
In 1999, the Magdeburg U19 team became the first team from former East Germany to win a national title in unified Germany, winning the U19 DFB-Pokal. 27 coaches take care of the youth teams, the club has established a youth academy and offers room and board for a number of youth players. Cooperation agreements with the Sportgymnasium Magdeburg (a high school with an intense focus on sports) and a number of medical institutions in Magdeburg have been signed to aid with promoting talent from the youth teams. Another part of the youth setup is the U23 team, seen as a transition stage between youth and men's teams.


1. FC Mülheim
FC Mülheim is a German association football club based in Mülheim an der Ruhr, North Rhine-Westphalia.


1. FC Mülheim, History
Spielvereinigung Oberhausen und Styrum was established through the union of a number of local sports clubs including Styrumer Spielverein 08, Styrum 08 and Oberhausener Spielverein. An attempt to form a football side within the association led to the creation of an independent club, Erster Fußballclub Mülheim-Ruhr-Styrum, in July 1923. The team began play in the Westdeutschen Spielverband over the objections of its parent.


1. FC Mülheim, History
1. FC Mülheim-Styrum played lower-tier ball for much of the period leading up to World War II, advancing as far as second-tier play just before the conflict broke out. The team was able to carry on until 1943 when they suspended play due to the war. After the war, they became part of the Landesliga Niederrhein (III), and later the Verbandsliga Niederrhein (III), before disappearing into lower level play in 1958. They won promotion to the Amateurliga Niederrhein (III) in 1971, capturing the title there that same season.


1. FC Mülheim, History
A successful promotion playoff put the team through to the Regionalliga West (II). After the 1973–74 season, German football was restructured; the second tier 2. Bundesliga was introduced and the Regionalligen replaced by the Amateuroberligen (III). Mülheim's fourth place result was not good enough to qualify the team for the new second division circuit, but they were still able to join the 2. Bundesliga-Nord when Blau-Weiß 90 Berlin refused the promotion they had earned through their third place finish in the Regionalliga Berlin (II).


1. FC Mülheim, History
The club changed its name to 1. FC Mülheim after the 1974–75 season and were sent down after a 17th place finish in their next campaign. That was followed by a 17th place finish in the Amateurliga Niederrhein (III) and relegation to lower tier competition. Despite these failures, they made appearances in the early rounds of the German Cup from 1975 to 1977. Mülheim currently plays in the Kreisliga A(VIII) after relegation from the Bezirksliga in 2011.


1. FC Neubrandenburg 04
1. FC Neubrandenburg 04 is a German football club based in Neubrandenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, playing in the 2019-20 Verbandsliga Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (VI).


1. FC Neubrandenburg 04, History
The earliest forerunner of 1. FC Neubrandenburg 04 was founded in 1947 as SG Fritz Reuter Neubrandenburg, which became BSG Energie Neubrandenburg in 1950 and BSG Turbine Neubrandenburg in 1952. Turbine Neubrandenburg reached the second tier DDR-Liga of East Germany in the 1954–55 season and 10 years later, as SC Neubrandenburg, even played one season in the top-flight DDR-Oberliga. From 1965 until 1990 the club was known as BSG Post Neubrandenburg, and MSV Post Neubrandenburg and SV Post Telekom Neubrandenburg after German reunification.


1. FC Neubrandenburg 04, History
Until 1999, the club was known as FC Neubrandenburg when it became FC Tollense Neubrandenburg after a merger with SV Tollense Neubrandenburg, and finally in 2004, the club was established as 1. FC Neubrandenburg 04. The club played in the fifth tier NOFV-Oberliga Nord, having been promoted as 2010–11 Verbandsliga Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (VI) champions but withdrew at the end of the 2015–16 season because of insolvency.


1. FC Neubrandenburg 04, Stadium
1. FC Neubrandenburg 04 plays its home fixtures at the 2,500 capacity Ligaplatz am Jahnstadion.


1. FC Neukölln
1. FC Neukölln is a German association football club from the city of Berlin. The club's men's team's greatest success has been the four seasons spent in the tier one Oberliga Berlin-Brandenburg in the late 1920s as well as promotion to the tier two Regionalliga Berlin, where it played from 1965 to 1974.


1. FC Neukölln
The club's women's team, now defunct, was a founding member of the Women's Bundesliga, where it played for one season in 1990–91.


1. FC Neukölln, History
Formed in 1895 the club first played at the highest level of football in Berlin from 1926 to 1930 in what was then the Oberliga Berlin-Brandenburg.


1. FC Neukölln, History
In post-Second World War football, the club played as SG Rixdorf in one of the four regional divisions of what was to become the tier one Oberliga Berlin. It dropped to the second level in 1946 and to the third in 1949, each time because of reductions in league strength, but also adopted its old name, 1. FC Neukölln again in 1949.


1. FC Neukölln, History
1. FC Neukölln was promoted to the tier two Amateurliga Berlin in 1953, where it played for four seasons before being relegated again in 1958. It made a return to the Amateurliga in 1963, to a league that had now slipped to third tier because of the introduction of the Bundesliga.


1. FC Neukölln, History
The team won the Amateurliga Berlin in 1967 and earned promotion to the Regionalliga Berlin, the second tier of the league system below the Bundesliga in West Berlin. Neukölln played the next seven seasons in the league, generally achieving lower table finishes. The club's best result came in 1968–69 when it finished sixth but a seventh place in 1973–74, after which the league was disbanded, meant the team did not qualify for the new 2. Bundesliga.


1. FC Neukölln, History
The club dropped back to the Amateurliga, now renamed to Oberliga Berlin, where it played for two more seasons before being relegated to the fourth tier Landesliga Berlin. It dropped out of this level as well but made a return from 1979 to 1987 without ever coming close to promotion to Berlin's highest league again.


1. FC Neukölln, History
In post-German reunion football Neukölln briefly rose to the highest level in Berlin, now the Verbandsliga Berlin, in 1999 but was relegated again after just two seasons.


1. FC Neukölln, History
Since then the club has fluctuated between the Landesliga and the Kreisliga A, playing in the former again since 2015.


1. FC Neukölln, History
The club made headlines when, in a game against the third team of German-Jewish club TuS Makkabi Berlin, 1. FC Neukölln players had threatened to knife Makkabi players; verbal attacks that were seen as connected to the Palestinian Intifada as 1. FC Neukölln has a strong Muslim membership.


1. FC Neukölln, History, Women's department
The club's women's team, now defunct, was a founding member of the Women's Bundesliga, where it played for one season in 1990–91. The team came last in the northern division of the league, losing all 18 season games and scoring just eight goals while conceding 102.