10 Trinity Square, History
The Beaux Arts structure was designed by Sir Edwin Cooper and built by John Mowlem & Co in 1912–22 as the new headquarters of the Port of London Authority. It was opened by David Lloyd George, then the British Prime Minister, in 1922, in the presence of the architect and Lord Devonport, the Authority's first chairman. At the time, it was one of the city's tallest buildings.


10 Trinity Square, History
During its heyday, the building was frequented by hundreds of people each day who were paying their dues on goods landed in the port. Under a large dome supported by marble columns, the central rotunda of the building housed walnut and brass counters radiating out from a central clock.


10 Trinity Square, History
The building was badly damaged by German bombing during the Blitz in World War II; the domed rotunda was destroyed. When renovated in the 1970s, a functional rectangular office block was built to occupy the central part of the building which had been destroyed in the war, changing the effect of the originally 40 m wide courtyard in the building's centre.


10 Trinity Square, History
It was occupied as the European headquarters of insurance broker Willis Faber Limited following the relocation of the PLA to Smithfield. Willis is now based in the Willis Building in nearby Lime Street.


10 Trinity Square, History
The PLA is now based elsewhere in the City of London and at Gravesend.


10 Trinity Square, History
In 2006, 10 Trinity Square was acquired by Thomas Enterprises Inc. It was sold to a partnership of KOP Group and Reignwood in 2010. KOP lost their stake to Reignwood in 2012. It was redeveloped into a 100-room hotel with 41 private residences and a private members' club under the Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts brand known as "Four Seasons Hotel London at Ten Trinity Square". The hotel opened in 2017.


10 Trinity Square, History
As part of the renovation, archaeologists were consulted who excavated the rotunda and a public garden in Seething Lane. The site of 10 Trinity Square was previously occupied by a 17th-century building by Christopher Wren. It housed the Navy Board, the administration of the Royal Navy, and Samuel Pepys had an office there. In the 18th century, part of the site was occupied by a warehouse of the East India Company. The lowest strata revealed shards and ornaments from the time of Roman London.


10 Trinity Square, History
The building's exterior has been featured in many films and television shows, including The Professionals, Kavanagh QC, The Crown (TV series), and the 2012 James Bond film, Skyfall.


10 Trinity Square, Description
The façade features Corinthian columns and a large allegorical statue of Father Thames.


10 Trinity Square, Description
There is a new rotunda at the centre of the hotel, but it has a much smaller dome than the original. The inner courtyard is also much smaller, reduced in area by a "glass box" building that provides space for the hotel rooms. The old board room of the Port of London Authority with its walnut paneling and rich carvings, which in 1946 hosted the reception for the first meeting of the United Nations, has been restored. The staircases feature ironwork with the Port Authority logo.


10 Trinity Square, Description
Historic England describes the building as follows: "Large, detached, monumental building of Portland stone. Nearly square plan with entrance at canted south east corner. Plain courtyard formerly filled by large rotunda destroyed in World War II. four storeys plus basement and slated mansard treated as stone attic to end pavilions and at entrance. Deep entablature with pairs of Corinthian columns in antis to pavilions. four columned entrance portico, also in antis, the entablature topped by balustrade in front of attic. Above rises broad tower embellished with order of Corinthian pilasters and piers, arched niche and colossal figure sculpture. Stepped upper part. Entrance hall, corridors etc of some distinction. Suite of richly paneled rooms on second floor, notably dining room, chairman's room and board room, east 2 with exceptional carved decoration."


10 Trombones Like 2 Pianos
10 Trombones Like 2 Pianos is an album by composer, arranger and conductor Pete Rugolo featuring performances recorded in 1960 and first released on the Mercury label as part of its audiophile Perfect Presence Sound Series.


10 Trombones Like 2 Pianos, Reception
Ten Trombones Like Two Pianos consists of 12 grooved up slip-horn routines delivered by eight tenor and two bass trombones with stylish rhythm accompaniment. ... delightfully suave, sophisticated and relaxing. ... will appeal directly to those who crave late-'50s mainstream jazz, Hollywood production and crisp, cool lounge music.


10 Under 10 Film Festival
The 10 Under 10 Film Festival was created by independent documentary filmmaker and University of Texas at Austin Associate Professor, Ellen Spiro. The intention of the film festival is to encourage raw creativity among new filmmakers without relying on huge budgets.


10 Under 10 Film Festival
Since 2002, the film festival has showcased short, high-quality, low-budget documentaries "founded on the notion that great ideas can happen on no budget and in little time". As a film professor, Spiro says that she has watched too many students get caught in the romance of film school debt and challenges filmmakers to make films with "little money but lots of substance and inventiveness".


10 Under 10 Film Festival
The name expresses the informal desire to show ten films, each less than ten minutes long, costing less than $10 to make.


10 Universal City Plaza
10 Universal City Plaza (10 UCP) is a 35-story, 154.23 m (506.0 ft) rhombic skyscraper in Universal City, California near Los Angeles. The tower was completed in 1984 by Hathaway Dinwiddie, and was designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, and contains 820,000 sq ft (76,000 m2) of office space. It is the tallest building in the San Fernando Valley.


10 Universal City Plaza
French conglomerate Vivendi Universal sold the building to CarrAmerica Realty Corporation and Beacon Capital Partners in 2003, for $190 million. CarrAmerica have owned 80% of this building, while Vivendi and NBC Universal owned the remainder. The building was sold to Broadway Partners in December 2006. The firm lost control of the building in March 2008 in an auction to a partnership between Normandy Real Estate Partners and Five Mile Capital Partners for $306 million after Broadway failed to service its massive debt load.


10 Universal City Plaza
On October 3, 2013, it was reported by the LA Times that NBCUniversal's parent company Comcast Corporation had purchased the building for about $420 million.


10 Universal City Plaza, Tenants
The building was originally built to be the headquarters of Getty Oil. When Getty was acquired by Texaco in 1984/1985, the building housed the West Coast offices of that company for several years until that company filed for bankruptcy in 1987. MCA bought the building that year, and used it to house Universal Pictures. Ever since NBCUniversal was founded in August 2004, the building has also been home to the company's Cable Entertainment properties including USA Network, Syfy, E! Entertainment, Esquire Network, Bravo, Oxygen, Universal Cable Productions, and Wilshire Studios. Other NBCU businesses such as Universal Pictures Home Entertainment and its joint venture with Warner Bros. Home Entertainment, Studio Distribution Services, HRConnection, and corporate functions are also housed here.


10 Universal City Plaza, Tenants
The property is home to The Terrace Studios at 10UCP, a broadcast facility housing two sound stages and their accompanying facilities. Entertainment news programs E! News, Access Hollywood and Access Daily began broadcasting from this facility in June 2015. The tower is home to the show's offices and newsroom facility. The tower is also home to the main studio for Universal Animation Studios, while the other studio is located on the Glendale campus of DreamWorks Animation.


10 Upper Bank Street
10 Upper Bank Street is a 32-story commercial skyscraper located in Canary Wharf, in the Docklands area of London. It was completed in 2003 and is 151 m (495 ft) tall.


10 Upper Bank Street
It was designed by the architect Kohn Pedersen Fox and built by Canary Wharf Contractors.


10 Upper Bank Street
Most of the building is occupied by the law firm Clifford Chance, and serves as its world headquarters.


10 Ursae Majoris
10 Ursae Majoris is a binary star system in the northern constellation of Lynx. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint star with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 3.960. This system is fairly close to the Sun, at 53 light-years (16.1 pc) away from Earth. It is the third-brightest object in Lynx. Originally in the neighbouring constellation Ursa Major, it became part of Lynx with the official laying down of the constellation borders. The system is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of 26.4 km/s. It is a probable member of the Hyades supercluster.


10 Ursae Majoris
This is a spectroscopic binary—orbital motion from the two stars can be detected by Doppler shifts in their spectra. In this case, the two stars can also be split by differential astrometry. The magnitude 4.18 primary has a mass of 1.44 M☉ and the fainter secondary, 0.89 M☉. The primary is an F-type main-sequence star radiating 4.3 times the Sun's luminosity, and the magnitude 6.48 secondary is K-type with 0.6 times the luminosity of the Sun. The two orbit each other every 21.057 years with an eccentricity of 0.15.


10 Vjet Mbretni
10 Vjet Mbretni is a 1938 Albanian encyclopedic guide book authored by Zoi Xoxa that features aspects of daily life in the Albanian Kingdom.


10 Vjet Mbretni, Overview
The book mainly focuses on the political and economic developments taking place in the Kingdom during its first 10 years of existence. Fragments in the book reflect the first meetings and decisions of the Constituent Assembly of 1928 and lists the laws adopted in this time.


10 Vjet Mbretni, Overview
Other details in the book paint a flattering and somewhat exaggerating picture of King Zog's family origin and his youth. It mentions the Zogolli family tracing its roots all the way to Skanderbeg. The book further makes the assessment that Zog's exile in Vienna was a result of his characterization as a harmful element of Austro-Hungarian policy in Albania during the First World War.


10 Vjet Mbretni, Overview
Numerous illustrations and previously unpublished photographs in the book highlight the lives of Queen Geraldine and the princesses of the royal court.


10 Vjet Mbretni, Overview
The book was published by the Ministry of Internal Affairs. It contains 344 pages and originally cost 10 gold francs.


10 Vulpeculae
10 Vulpeculae is an astrometric binary star system in the northern constellation of Vulpecula. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.497. The system is located roughly 330 light years from the Sun, as determined from an annual parallax shift of 9.83±0.49 mas. It is moving closer to the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of −9.9 km/s.


10 Vulpeculae
The system is a source of X-ray emission. The visible component is an aging giant star with a stellar classification of G8 III. At the age of 1.15 billion years, it has exhausted the hydrogen at its core region and expanded off the main sequence. It is about 13 times the Sun's radius and 2.35 times the Sun's mass. The star is radiating 72 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,008 K.


10 Ways to End the World
10 Ways to End the World, aka Last Days of Man (original title Mänsklighetens sista dagar, literally "The Final Days of Humanity") is a Swedish TV series by Magnus Sjöström documenting catastrophes that could endanger human existence. The series is produced by Sveriges Utbildningsradio (UR) and was aired on Kunskapskanalen (in English: The Knowledge Channel) in December 2010 under the Swedish name Mänsklighetens sista dagar (Last days of Man) and on National Geographic and Arte in 2012. The series was nominated for the Scandinavian TV award, Kristallen, in 2011.


10 Ways to End the World
In the form of a top ten list, a set of doomsday scenarios—disasters that have the capacity to wipe out our species—is examined scientifically. The first part deals with threats to humanity from nature's violent forces. The second part deals with various threats that human society has created.


10 Ways to Steal Home Plate
10 Ways to Steal Home Plate is the second studio album by American DJ and producer Wolfgang Gartner that was released on January 29, 2016.


10 West 56th Street
10 West 56th Street (originally the Frederick C. and Birdsall Otis Edey Residence) is a commercial building in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. It is along 56th Street's southern sidewalk between Fifth Avenue and Sixth Avenue. The six-story building was designed by Warren and Wetmore in the French Renaissance Revival style. It was constructed in 1901 as a private residence, one of several on 56th Street's "Bankers' Row".


10 West 56th Street
The main facade is largely clad with limestone, while the side facades are clad with brick and have limestone quoins. The ground story contains a glass storefront with rusticated molded-concrete piers. The second floor contains an arched Palladian window while the third and fourth stories have tripartite windows. A mansard roof rises above the fourth floor. According to the New York City Department of City Planning, the house has 16,446 square feet (1,527.9 m2) inside.


10 West 56th Street
The house was commissioned for stockbroker Frederick C. Edey and his wife Birdsall Otis Edey in 1899. The couple had initially planned to design their house alongside their neighbor H. B. Hollins, at 12 West 56th Street, but a covenant prevented the Edey house from being built for two years. The Edeys occupied the house until 1919, when the Frangold Realty Company bought it and added a sixth story. Over the following years, it was used largely for commercial purposes, though Elizabeth Taylor also lived at the house in the mid-1950s. The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the house as an official landmark in 2007. The house has been owned by billionaire Carlos Slim since 2011.


10 West 56th Street, Site
10 West 56th Street is in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. It is along the southern sidewalk of 56th Street between Fifth Avenue and Sixth Avenue. The land lot is rectangular and covers 2,500 square feet (230 m2), with a frontage of 25 feet (7.6 m) on 56th Street and a depth of 100 feet (30 m). The building is on the same block as the 712 Fifth Avenue skyscraper to the east; the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church to the southeast; and the townhouses at 12, 26, and 30 West 56th Street to the west. Other nearby buildings include The Peninsula New York hotel, the University Club of New York, and the Rockefeller Apartments to the south; the Corning Glass Building to the east; Trump Tower to the northeast; and 17 West 56th Street and the Crown Building to the north.


10 West 56th Street, Site
Fifth Avenue between 42nd Street and Central Park South (59th Street) was relatively undeveloped through the late 19th century. The surrounding area was once part of the common lands of the city of New York. The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 established Manhattan's street grid with lots measuring 100 feet (30 m) deep and 25 feet (7.6 m) wide. Upscale residences were constructed around Fifth Avenue following the American Civil War. The block of 56th Street from Fifth to Sixth Avenue contained rowhouses by 1871, many of which were recessed from the lot line and had entrance stoops.


10 West 56th Street, Site
By the end of the 19th century, the area had many wealthy residents, and the houses in the area were either modified or rebuilt altogether. The adjacent block of 56th Street was developing into a "bankers' row", with the residences of H. B. Hollins at number 12, Henry Seligman at number 30, Edward Wasserman at number 33, and Arthur Lehman at number 31. Many of these houses persisted through the mid-20th century as part of a restaurant and retail strip.


10 West 56th Street, Design
The Edey House at 10 West 56th Street was designed by Warren and Wetmore in the French Renaissance Revival style with some Beaux-Arts design elements. The building is six stories tall with a roofline about 84 feet (26 m) above the sidewalk. The facade is divided horizontally into three sections, with the middle stories being emphasized, a common trait in French Renaissance Revival structures.


10 West 56th Street, Design
10 West 56th Street was planned and constructed nearly simultaneously with the house of H. B. Hollins at 12 West 56th Street. However, because of a covenant that temporarily halted construction at number 10, they were designed in different styles by different firms. Of the houses' contrasting designs, Christopher Gray wrote for The New York Times in 2007: "The two houses are paired in an uneasy dance, one doing the cancan, the other a minuet." According to architectural writer Robert A. M. Stern, number 10 seemed "uncharacteristically stiff" when compared to the Hollins residence at number 12 and the brownstone at number 8.


10 West 56th Street, Design, Facade
The 56th Street facade is extended to the lot line boundary. The ground story contains a recessed rectangular storefront with a center glass door and two metal-framed windows alongside it. The storefront is flanked by rusticated vertical piers, which are made of molded concrete. The modern storefront has a service doorway on the left, or east, of the main doorway. Originally, the ground story contained two bulls-eye windows, one on each side of the main entrance.


10 West 56th Street, Design, Facade
Above the first floor, the 56th Street facade is flanked by Tuscan-style pilasters. The second story has a balustrade, as well as a Palladian window, which is composed of three panes separated by two engaged columns. The center pane of the Palladian window is a round-arched opening with an ornate scrolled cartouche and keystone above it. A dentil course runs above the Palladian window. The third floor has a tripartite window; the center pane is larger than the two outer panes and is topped by a keystone.


10 West 56th Street, Design, Facade
A molded sill course and a cornice with modillions runs above the entire third floor, interrupting the pilasters. The fourth floor also has a tripartite window, but the panes are all the same size and are topped by keystones. Above the fourth floor is a balustrade, as well as a copper mansard roof with three dormer windows. The roof has chimneys and parapets.


10 West 56th Street, Design, Facade
The east facade is entirely blocked by the 712 Fifth Avenue skyscraper. The west facade is clad with brick and has limestone quoins at the northern corner of the wall. There are window openings with limestone window sills and lintels above the second floor. The first and second floors, which face 12 West 56th Street, are subject to a party wall agreement and lack windows. The east facade of 10 West 56th Street lacks ornate decoration, even though it had been developed nearly simultaneously with 12 West 56th Street, being separated from the latter house by a courtyard. This contrasted with the design of 12 West 56th Street, which had a wing facing the courtyard.


10 West 56th Street, Design, Interior
According to the New York City Department of City Planning, the house has 16,446 square feet (1,527.9 m2). The interior of the house has a marble staircase. On the second story, a balcony overlooks the ground story. The decorative elements include Corinthian columns and decorative plasterwork, while the rear of the house has glass bay windows. As early as 1920, the house was recorded as having an elevator. There are also two basement stories.


10 West 56th Street, Design, Interior
The arrangement of the house has changed through the years. When the house was purchased by aviator Jacqueline Cochran in 1945, her cosmetic store had sales and reception on the first floor, a display room on the second floor, administrative offices on the third floor, and personnel and sales training on the fourth through sixth floors. When the house was bought in 1992 by Japanese mail-order company Felissimo, the interior was arranged according to feng shui principles.


10 West 56th Street, Design, Interior
The first floor was remodeled as a conservatory selling garden products, the second floor sold clothing, the third floor sold living and dining room furnishings, and the fourth floor had a tearoom. As of 2010, the first through fourth floors were designed for retail use while the top stories were designed for office use.


10 West 56th Street, History
The house was commissioned for Frederick C. Edey, a stockbroker who initially worked for Charles C. Edey & Sons. From 1886 to 1892, he was a partner at the firm H. B. Hollins & Co. with H. B. Hollins; in subsequent years Edey went on to found several firms and join numerous gentlemen's clubs. Hollins and Edey commuted from Long Island to Midtown together, and their firm worked with J.P. Morgan & Co.. In 1893, Frederick had married Sarah "Birdsall" Otis, the daughter of politician James Otis. Birdsall was a socialite who held numerous leadership positions in the Girls Scouts of America, various women's suffrage agencies, and poetry associations. The Edeys had one daughter, Julia, born in 1894. The Edeys also had a house in Long Island at Bellport, New York.


10 West 56th Street, History, Residence
In February 1899, Hollins bought a 75-by-100-foot (23 by 30 m) lot at 10-14 West 56th Street, on its southern sidewalk about 250 feet (76 m) west of Fifth Avenue. Hollins sold the easternmost 25 feet (7.6 m) of the lot later the same month. On the remainder of the site, he planned to build a 38-foot-wide (12 m) residence, with a gap between his house and the lot he had just sold. Edey was recorded as the buyer of the 25-foot-wide lot at 10 West 56th Street.


10 West 56th Street, History, Residence
These were the only two vacant lots on the block at the time. Hollins and Edey agreed to construct their houses jointly and build their respective houses to the lot line. Hollins hired McKim, Mead & White to design his house, but an 1881 covenant prevented Edey from building a structure out to the lot line until 1901. As a result, Hollins was able to start work on his house right away, while Edey had to wait.


10 West 56th Street, History, Residence
When the Edeys were finally allowed to build their house, they hired Warren and Wetmore instead. The firm filed plans for a slate-roofed brick-and-stone dwelling in mid-1901, with a projected cost of $50,000. The family moved into the house two years later. Over the next decade, the Edey and Hollins families did not host any events together, and neither The Brooklyn Daily Eagle nor The New York Times made any mention of the two houses as a pair. According to a 1905 census conducted by the New York state government, the Edey family lived in the house with ten servants.


10 West 56th Street, History, Residence
The house was used in 1908 to host the marriage of Daisy Taylor and Stephen Chase. The Edeys' 56th Street house was used for various events during the 1910s as well. This included a debutante dance in 1912, a dance to benefit the Ruloff Fresh Air Fund in 1914, and an event on behalf of the Edeys' niece Mary F. Edey in 1916. While the Edeys were at their Bellport estate in 1912, the house experienced an unusual burglary in which the thief locked a servant in a closet and took only the key to the door. By the mid-1910s, the surrounding neighborhood was rapidly becoming a commercial zone, and many neighboring townhouses were converted to commercial use. Birdsall Otis Edey ultimately sold the house in late 1919 to the Frangold Realty Company. Shortly after the Edey House had been sold, the sixth story was constructed.


10 West 56th Street, History, Commercial use, Mid-20th century
In January 1920, the residence was conveyed to an upscale dressmaker, Madame Frances. The store opened two months later with a showcase of "coats, street dress, evening gowns and millinery", according to The New York Times. By 1924, the store and basement had been leased to Adelaide W. Howard for a tearoom. Madame Frances moved out during 1926 or 1929 and signed a new lease in 1934. Madame Frances Inc's owners, Frances and Nathan B. Spingold, subsequently acquired the building. The building was leased to Boue Soeurs, a gown and lingerie shop, in 1937 for twenty-one years. Two years afterward, Boue Soeurs moved to a building adjacent to the Tiffany & Co. flagship store on nearby 57th Street.


10 West 56th Street, History, Commercial use, Mid-20th century
Lloyds Furniture Galleries leased space in the building in 1940. The entrance was widened for the store's products. In June 1944, the house was leased to film producer Mike Todd, who operated his offices there until the house was sold in August 1945. The new owner, Jacqueline Cochran, planned to use the house for her cosmetics store. Cochran's store barely lasted one year before Plummer Ltd, a china store, bought the house in November 1946. The house contained the fashion showroom of Erik Braagaard by 1949. The actress Elizabeth Taylor, who had been married to Mike Todd, lived in the house for two to three years in the mid-1950s. By 1958, the house served as "the first Korean trade center in the United States", operated by the Korean consul.


10 West 56th Street, History, Commercial use, Late 20th century to present
The house became a store for Felissimo in 1992. The interior was remodeled by interior designer Clodagh along with Robert Pierpont. The store was temporarily closed for a three-month renovation in 1998. The store was renovated again in early 2001, becoming primarily an exhibition space. After the second renovation, the Felissimo store was described as a "design studio with a small shop on the first floor".


10 West 56th Street, History, Commercial use, Late 20th century to present
On July 24, 2007, the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the former Edey residence at 10 West 56th Street as a city landmark, along with the Henry Seligman residence at 30 West 56th Street. By 2010, the building was vacant. During Valentine's Day in February 2011, the space was used for a pop-up store, the Heart Boutique, benefiting the American Heart Association.


10 West 56th Street, History, Commercial use, Late 20th century to present
Mexican billionaire Carlos Slim bought the townhouse in May 2011 for $15.5 million. In February 2015, the John Barrett Salon signed a 16,000-square-foot (1,500 m2) lease for the building. The salon agreed to pay $108,333 per month, or $1.3 million a year, for the space. The salon's owners had planned for the building to be the salon's flagship and the "largest luxury salon in the U.S.". The salon did not pay one year of rent, leading Slim to sue the salon in the New York City Civil Court in 2016.


10 West 56th Street, History, Commercial use, Late 20th century to present
Slim won the lawsuit in January 2017 and the John Barrett Salon moved out, but the salon still did not pay the back rent, which prompted Slim to file a second lawsuit in April 2017 to recover the unpaid rent. The house was leased in 2018 by the Elizabeth Collective, a gallery operated by Maison Gerard. The house underwent some renovations before the gallery opened in 2019.


10 Wings
10 Wings is the album by Japanese singer-songwriter Miyuki Nakajima, released in October 1995.


10 Wings
The album consists of new studio recordings of the songs which she wrote for annual experimental theatres entitled Yakai (夜会), premiered in November 1989. Some songs already appeared on her previous studio albums released in the 1990s. They were newly recorded with the different interpretations for the album. One of them, remake version of "Two of Us" features Masanori Sera, a frontman of the Twist, on lead vocals. The lead-off track "Two Boats" was used in the 1996 film Kiri no Shigosen.


10 Wings
Lengthy arrangements of all the songs featured on the album are thoroughly altered from its original versions. After release of 10 Wings, Nakajima has released several similar concept albums to date; Hi -Wings- and Tsuki -Wings (1999), and Ten-Sei (2005).


10 Wings, Track listing
All songs written by Miyuki Nakajima, arranged by Ichizō Seo (except "Diamond Cage" co-arranged by Keishi Urata, "Two of Us" and "You Who Will Stay to Live Forever" arranged by David Campbell)


10 Years (2011 film)
10 Years is a 2011 American romantic comedy written and directed by Jamie Linden in his directorial debut. It stars an ensemble cast including Channing Tatum, Jenna Dewan, Justin Long, Kate Mara, Rosario Dawson, Oscar Isaac, Lynn Collins, Chris Pratt, Scott Porter, Brian Geraghty, Aubrey Plaza, and Anthony Mackie. It was released September 14, 2012 in select theaters.


10 Years (2011 film), Plot
On the day of their 10-year high school reunion, Jake and his girlfriend Jess arrive at the home of his now-married high school friends Cully and Sam. Other friends begin to arrive including best friends Marty and AJ, famous musician Reeves, and the adventurous Scott with his wife, Suki. They depart for the reunion and reunite with their friend Garrity and meet his wife Olivia; and reconnect with Garrity's best friend Andre. Meanwhile, reclusive classmate Elise arrives at the reunion alone. She is ignored by the party planner, prom queen Anna.


10 Years (2011 film), Plot
Jake, Cully, Andre, and Reeves smoke a joint in Jake's car when he reveals an envelope with an engagement ring inside, stating that he has intended to ask Jess to marry him for quite some time but hasn't found the right moment to propose. However, Jake is conflicted when he sees his high school sweetheart Mary and her new husband Paul. Jake, Jess, Mary, and Paul share awkward introductions, and Jake and Mary reconnect for the first time in eight years. Reeves approaches Elise and the pair reminisce when he spots an old picture of Elise wearing bright yellow shoes.


10 Years (2011 film), Plot
As the night continues, Olivia unexpectedly discovers that Garrity has an affinity for hip hop, Cully drunkenly attempts and fails to appropriately apologize to some geeky classmates for being a bully in high school, and Marty and AJ attempt to flirt with Anna, causing tension between the duo. Jake and Mary discuss prom, which they were unable to attend due to Mary's father having a heart attack that night. As the reunion comes to a close, the group departs for a local karaoke bar. Reeves flirts with Elise but she turns him down.


10 Years (2011 film), Plot
Anna leaves the party early, resulting in Marty and AJ deciding to toilet paper her house. At the bar, Jess takes notice of Jake's behavior around Mary and decides to return to the hotel under the guise of being tired. Paul does the same. Scott and Suki sing karaoke and Olivia is impressed by Garrity's breakdancing abilities. Reeves is pressured by his friends to sing his hit song "Never Had". Elise, never having heard the song, realizes it was inspired by her. The two share a kiss and spend the remainder of the night together.


10 Years (2011 film), Plot
Anna catches Marty and AJ vandalizing her home and becomes upset, revealing that she is now an unhappy single mother with two children. Marty reveals that he is not a successful New Yorker, but instead lives in a small apartment and is financially unstable, and AJ reveals that he is getting a divorce. The trio bond over their shared life issues.


10 Years (2011 film), Plot
As the night comes to a close, Cully becomes embarrassingly drunk and upsets Sam. Scott reveals to his friends that he intends on returning to Japan with Suki to continue their adventures together. Mary asks Jake for the dance they never had at prom, finally giving them an opportunity to properly end their relationship. Mary reveals that she's pregnant, the two agree that they are happy with where their lives have taken them. Jake returns to the hotel and finds Jess still awake. She reveals that she left to allow Jake to get his closure with Mary.


10 Years (2011 film), Plot
Jake and Jess soon join their friends at a local diner. Jake returns to his car and obtains the engagement ring from the envelope.


10 Years (2011 film), Production
A short film titled Ten Year was produced in 2011 by Channing Tatum to attract financing for the feature film.


10 Years (2011 film), Production
The film was produced by Marty Bowen, Reid Carolin, Wyck Godfrey and Channing Tatum, and the screenplay was written by Jamie Linden. The film was shot in New York, California and New Mexico starting in January 2011.


10 Years (2011 film), Release
The film had a red carpet premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival.


10 Years (2011 film), Reception
Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a 60% approval rating based on 58 reviews, with an average rating of 5.87/10. The site's critics consensus reads: "A sweet ensemble comedy about a high school reunion, 10 Years is well cast but unfortunately predictable and short on three dimensional characters." Metacritic reports a score of 61/100 based on 18 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".


10 Years (Armin van Buuren album)
10 Years is a compilation album by Dutch DJ and record producer Armin van Buuren. It was released on 11 November 2006 by Armada Music. It spent twelve weeks on the Dutch album chart, peaking at number 45. It also spent five weeks on the Billboard Top Dance/Electronic Albums chart, peaking at number 20.


10 Years (Armin van Buuren album)
Van Buuren said that 10 Years was "not a 'best of' album", but "more a selection of previously unreleased and exclusive re-mixes". He also said that the album's main purposes were "tying up loose ends" and "a little celebration of 10 years work as a producer".


10 Years (Banco de Gaia album)
10 Years is a two-disc "best of" album by Banco de Gaia. It was released in 2002.


10 Years (Banco de Gaia album)
All the songs are segued into a continuous mix, resulting in each song's track time being shorter than its original version.


10 Years (Banco de Gaia album), Track listing
All tracks are written by Toby Marks, except where noted.


10 Years (band)
10 Years is an American rock band formed in Knoxville, Tennessee in 1999. The band consists of lead vocalist Jesse Hasek, lead guitarist Brian Vodinh, rhythm guitarist Matt Wantland, bassist Chad Grennor, and drummer Luke Narey. The group has gone through multiple line-up changes since their inception, with Vodinh and Wantland being the only remaining founding members. To date, they have released nine studio albums, their most recent being Violent Allies, released on September 18, 2020.


10 Years (band), History, Early years, Into the Half Moon (1999–2001)
10 Years were initially formed in Knoxville, Tennessee in 1999 with singer Mike Underdown, drummer Brian Vodinh, bassist Lewis Cosby, and guitarists Ryan Johnson and Matt Wantland. In 2001, Cosby left and the band recruited Andy Parks on bass. They independently recorded Into the Half Moon the same year.


10 Years (band), History, Killing All That Holds You, The Autumn Effect (2002–2006)
Lead vocalist Mike Underdown left the band to pursue a career in acting and start up a new band, Courage, You Bastards, in Los Angeles, California. 10 Years soon recruited current vocalist Jesse Hasek from another local band. In 2002, Parks decided to leave the band and Cosby returned. The band then released their independent album Killing All That Holds You in 2004.


10 Years (band), History, Killing All That Holds You, The Autumn Effect (2002–2006)
10 Years were then signed to Universal Records in 2005 and released their major label debut, The Autumn Effect on August 16, 2005 with the songs "Wasteland" and "Through the Iris" picking up regional radio play. Their first single, "Wasteland", spent over 12 months on the rock charts, finally reaching No. 1 at active rock radio in December 2005.


10 Years (band), History, Killing All That Holds You, The Autumn Effect (2002–2006)
That same summer, the band toured with Disturbed and Ill Niño. In the fall of 2005, they toured with Breaking Benjamin and Smile Empty Soul, then followed up with the Masters of Horror tour with Mudvayne and Sevendust. They opened for Korn and Mudvayne on Korn's See You on the Other Side tour. They also toured with Korn and Deftones on the Family Values Tour, which started in late July 2006.


10 Years (band), History, Killing All That Holds You, The Autumn Effect (2002–2006)
In mid-February 2006, "Wasteland" reached No. 1 on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart.


10 Years (band), History, Killing All That Holds You, The Autumn Effect (2002–2006)
In mid-2006, the band toured Australia in a lineup which included Hatebreed, Disturbed and Korn.


10 Years (band), History, Killing All That Holds You, The Autumn Effect (2002–2006)
Their first music video, "Wasteland", addresses the social problem of human rights as well as addiction around the world. The video received a nomination for Best Direction and Best Art Direction at the 2006 MTV Video Music Awards, but did not win either.


10 Years (band), History, Killing All That Holds You, The Autumn Effect (2002–2006)
On March 27, 2006, an EP was released on iTunes containing acoustic versions of "Wasteland", "Prey", "Through The Iris" and "Faultline" from The Autumn Effect.


10 Years (band), History, Killing All That Holds You, The Autumn Effect (2002–2006)
As of December 2017, The Autumn Effect and its breakthrough single, "Wasteland", have been certified Gold by the RIAA.


10 Years (band), History, Division (2006–2008)
On November 19, 2006, 10 Years unveiled and confirmed the title Division for their second album. The band would begin recording Division in late June 2007 after spending the better part of a year writing.


10 Years (band), History, Division (2006–2008)
Lewis told in an interview that the album is "so different from the first one [The Autumn Effect], but it's still 10 Years", and, "It just sounds like [the songs] would be from a totally different band, which was, you know, the goal". It was also revealed that the track titled "Focus" was co-written with Stone Temple Pilots and former Army of Anyone guitarist Dean DeLeo.


10 Years (band), History, Division (2006–2008)
On May 21, 2007 a demo song titled "All Your Lies" from Division was released onto their MySpace along with a post stating the band had chosen producer Rick Parasher to produce the new album. On September 7, the band announced on their MySpace that the album was finished and would be released in 2008, following a tour with Dir En Grey, Sevendust, Operator, Thousand Foot Krutch and Chevelle.


10 Years (band), History, Division (2006–2008)
A year later on January 29, 2008, "Beautiful", the new single from Division, was released to iTunes and a snippet was also posted on the band's MySpace page. Division was released on May 13, 2008 after being pushed back due to finalization of the album's artwork.


10 Years (band), History, Division (2006–2008)
10 Years was featured on the Revolution Stage of Linkin Park's Summer Projekt Revolution 2008 tour with Atreyu, Hawthorne Heights and Armor For Sleep. They went on tour with Mudvayne until mid December 2008.


10 Years (band), History, Division (2006–2008)
In December 2009, Matt Wantland announced he was leaving the band to pursue other interests.


10 Years (band), History, Feeding the Wolves (2009–2011)
10 Years announced that their upcoming and third major label album would be entitled Feeding the Wolves. The album was produced by Grammy-nominated producer Howard Benson and mixed by Chris Lord-Alge. The band has mentioned the album is of their heaviest material to date and "very similar to some of their early songs".


10 Years (band), History, Feeding the Wolves (2009–2011)
Throughout the first half of 2010, the band went back and forth between putting on live shows and working in the studio. Before the album was released, the band debuted new songs at live performances such as "Dead in the Water", "Now is the Time", and the new album's first single "Shoot It Out".


10 Years (band), History, Feeding the Wolves (2009–2011)
On June 12, 2010, "Shoot It Out" was featured on Sirius/XM Radio. The track was released to radio later that month, and was made available for download on iTunes July 6. Feeding the Wolves was released on August 31, 2010.


10 Years (band), History, Feeding the Wolves (2009–2011)
To promote the album's release, the band opened Shinedown's 2010 Carnival of Madness summer tour alongside Chevelle, Puddle of Mudd, and Sevendust. In the fall, they joined Sevendust again on the Hard Drive Live tour with support from Since October and Anew Revolution.


10 Years (band), History, Feeding the Wolves (2009–2011)
In December, the band went on a mini-headline tour, where they played some older songs that they had not played in some time. February 2011, their new single "Fix Me" releases to radio while they headline a spring tour with Hollywood Undead.


10 Years (band), History, Feeding the Wolves (2009–2011)
On June 17 and 18, the band shot a music video for "Fix Me" in Columbus, Ohio with production company Thunder Down Country. The video was released via YouTube on August 9, 2011.


10 Years (band), History, Minus the Machine (2011–2014)
On April 2, 2012, the band announced that their upcoming record, Minus the Machine, was to be released on July 30 on their own independent label, Palehorse Records; a label which the band stated is a part of Warner Music Group's Independent Label Group. They also announced a four-week headlining tour to support the record, which was to begin on June 27 in New Orleans.


10 Years (band), History, Minus the Machine (2011–2014)
On May 11, the band unveiled the cover art of the album and it was announced that the album's release has been pushed back to August 7. 10 Years released their first single "Backlash" on radio and iTunes on June 19. On July 2, 2012 10 years releases a compilation video on their website featuring another song "Knives" from their upcoming album Minus the Machine. "Backlash" music video made its premiere on July 27, 2012. 10 Years revealed to fans the next single "Dancing with the Dead" from their latest record on October 25, 2012.


10 Years (band), History, Minus the Machine (2011–2014)
10 Years recruited Fair to Midland bassist Ryan Collier to join them on their upcoming North American headline tour On September 19, 2012. Collier replaced Lewis Cosby, who took time off to prepare for the birth of his first child.


10 Years (band), History, Minus the Machine (2011–2014)
On December 29, 2012, at a home show in Knoxville, 10 Years performed a special version of "Shoot It Out" featuring the original lead singer, Mike Underdown, along with current vocalist Jesse Hasek.


10 Years (band), History, Minus the Machine (2011–2014)
10 Years toured Australia in late February as part of Soundwave 2014, after not playing in the country for seven years.


10 Years (band), History, From Birth to Burial and (2014–2017)
From Birth to Burial is 10 Years's seventh studio album, released on April 21, 2015. Their first single Miscellanea was released on February 13, 2015. The band have been on tour supporting the album touring with Breaking Benjamin for the American leg of the tour and Dead Letter Circus for the Australian leg.


10 Years (band), History, From Birth to Burial and (2014–2017)
At the end of 2016, the group signed to Mascot Label Group.


10 Years (band), History, (How to Live) as Ghosts (2017–2018)
The band's eighth studio album titled (How to Live) as Ghosts, and recorded with producer, Nick Raskulinecz, was released on October 27, 2017. The first single, "Novacaine", was released prior in August, while the second single, "Burnout" followed in April. The former single became the group's first Top 5 hit on the Mainstream Rock chart since "Wasteland" in 2005.


10 Years (band), History, (How to Live) as Ghosts (2017–2018)
Chad Grennor joined 10 Years as a touring bassist in 2018, playing his first show with the band in January. Luke Narey joined the band for their European tour for the fall of 2018 following drummer Kyle Mayer's departure from the band.


10 Years (band), History, Violent Allies (2019–present)
In May 2020, the band released a new single, "The Shift". On July 10, they released another song, "The Unknown" and announced their newest album, entitled Violent Allies, which was released on September 18.


10 Years (band), Musical style and influences
The band's genre has mainly been termed by journalists as alternative metal; however, they've also been categorized under post-grunge and progressive metal. The band shares parallels with Tool, with critics comparing singer Jesse Hasek's singing to that of Tool vocalist Maynard James Keenan's.


10 Years (song)
"10 Years" is a song by Icelandic singer Daði Freyr and his band Gagnamagnið, released on 13 March 2021. The song represented Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.


10 Years (song), Music video
The music video for "10 Years" was released on Daði Freyr's YouTube channel on 29 March 2021, and was directed and produced by Guðný Rós Þórhallsdóttir. The music video begins with Daði watching "Think About Things" in his room when suddenly, the "Mayor of Iceland", played by Ólafur Darri Ólafsson, calls Daði for help. He says that a new monster has emerged in Iceland is heading towards Reykjavík, and they have done all they can to stop it, to no avail. He goes on to say that the only hope to stop the monster now is Daði's "sweet, sweet dance moves" and to gather up the rest of the Gagnamagnið. Daði agrees to help, and sounds a siren.


10 Years (song), Music video
Meanwhile, the Gagnamagnið are all together, playing video games (a game made by Daði himself, Daði and Gagnamagnið: Think About Aliens!) and are cleaning up the room when the alarm sounds. The screen goes to black, and 10 Years starts to play. Daði runs to the room where the Gagnamagnið where they rush to devise a plan to defeat the monster. The group dress up for battle, instruments and all, and fly to the monster with jetskis. When they arrive, the monster is shown to be destroying houses in the area.


10 Years (song), Music video
Daði is now faced with the monster, and is nervous. They do the 10 Years dance, to gather up energy and fire a laser at the monster. Once done, they fire a laser, but it backfires as the monster uses the energy to fire it back at the group. The group survives by Daði's shield, and flee. Meanwhile, the monster decides to destroy a farm. The group head to a secluded place in the mountains, and team up to create a robot to defeat the monster. The group once performs the 10 Years dance, to finally defeat the monster. The credits show the monster dancing in the mountains.


10 Years (song), Eurovision Song Contest, Internal selection
On 23 October 2020, RÚV confirmed that Daði og Gagnamagnið would represent Iceland in the 2021 contest. The song, entitled "10 Years", was released on 13 March 2021.


10 Years (song), Eurovision Song Contest, At Eurovision
The 65th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest took place in Rotterdam, the Netherlands and consisted of two semi-finals on 18 May and 20 May 2021, and the grand final on 22 May 2021. According to the Eurovision rules, all participating countries, except the host nation and the "Big Five", consisting of France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom, are required to qualify from one of two semi-finals to compete for the final, although the top 10 countries from the respective semi-final progress to the grand final. On 17 November 2020, it was announced that Iceland would be performing in the first half of the second semi-final of the contest.


10 Years (song), Eurovision Song Contest, At Eurovision
On 20 May 2021, the entry qualified to participate in the grand final, having placed in the top 10 in the second semi-final. On 22 May they finished in 4th place in the final.


10 Years Gone
10 Years Gone is a live album by blackgaze / post-metal band Deafheaven. It was recorded live-in-studio at The Atomic Garden Studio East in Oakland, California, and released on December 4, 2020, through Sargent House.


10 Years Gone, Background
"Earlier this year we intended on celebrating the 10th anniversary of the Deafheaven demo released through Bandcamp on June 1, 2010 with a tour of North America with our friends Inter Arma, Greet Death and All Your Sisters. Unfortunately, we couldn’t fulfill that tour because of fallout from the Covid-19 pandemic. To rebound from the financial and morale hit, we put together an album of the set we intended to perform.


10 Years Gone, Background
Revisiting the songs in this studio sessions format with Jack Shirley at Atomic Garden reminded us of how important these years have been. I’m thankful we were able to give songs like Daedalus, the first we wrote, and other favorites like Vertigo and Kettle new power after so many years of playing them. They made me think of the people who played on them with us. For the first time we’ve included information on who played on what tracks and when they were originally released. We included thank you-s in the liner notes to these musicians who’ve spent time with this project, on tour or on record and all of the touring crew, label support and management support who have helped us this past decade …"


10 Years Gone, Background
10 Years Gone is the second live album released by Deafheaven (the band had previously released Live at The Blacktop, nearly a decade earlier, in 2011). The album was created in celebration of the band's 10-year anniversary, after the COVID-19 pandemic forced them to cancel a planned 10th anniversary tour.


10 Years Gone, Background
10 Years Gone includes live renditions of songs that originally appeared on the band's demo EP ("Daedalus"), Roads to Judah ("Language Games"), Sunbather ("Vertigo", "The Pecan Tree", "Dreamhouse"), New Bermuda ("Baby Blue"), Ordinary Corrupt Human Love ("Glint"), and a non-album single ("From the Kettle Unto the Coil"). A live version of "Language Games" was previously released on Live at The Blacktop  The version of "From the Kettle Unto the Coil" featured in 10 Years Gone was the song's first physical release; previously, it was only available as a digital download.


10 Years Gone, Critical reception
In a review for Sputnikmusic, Adam Grumpy gave the album a "superb" rating of 4.5/5 and said "The studio work is pure excellence - everything is where it should be, nice and clean … 10 Years Gone brought arguably the best Deafheaven songs together, and small differences aside, each one of them feels somewhat newer and bears a new "trait" thanks to the live session along with studiowork."


10 Years Gone, Critical reception
Jeff Yerger of Post-Trash said "...the performances on 10 Years Gone are raw and powerful. While I personally would’ve liked to hear more from [Ordinary Corrupt Human Love] and New Bermuda, I can't argue with how great and confident early songs “Language Games” and “Daedalus” (one of the first songs the band ever recorded) sound here. Each band member is completely locked in on this recording, which sounds like it was done in one take like any normal live show would be."


10 Years Gone, Critical reception
Christina Wenig, reviewing the album for Louder Sound, gave it four stars out of five and called it "...a sonic portfolio that shows the impressive evolution of one of our present moment's most distinct metal bands..." She said that "10 Years Gone doesn't offer the energy, spontaneity and little mishaps that make the magic of an actual live album, but how could it? Ultimately, this record is the chronicle of a band reaching out to their community, to not only look back together, but to also push through an incredibly hard time for all of us."


10 Years Gone, Personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of 10 Years Gone.


10 Years Hence
10 Years Hence is a live album by multi-instrumentalist Yusef Lateef recorded in 1974 at Keystone Korner in San Francisco and released on the Atlantic label.


10 Years Hence, Reception
Allmusic awarded the album 3½ stars with the review by Thom Jurek stating, "This is not an album for everybody, but it is easily one of the most underrated sets in Lateef's vast catalog".


10 Years Solo Live
10 Years Solo Live is a recording by jazz pianist Brad Mehldau. It contains solo piano tracks from 19 concerts in Europe during the period 2004–2014.


10 Years Solo Live, Background
"Mehldau became a working musician at a time when jazz was engulfed by historicism, and he spent a lot of youthful energy swatting away one presumptive legacy or another. This could be one reason that his solo work deals sparingly with the jazz repertory." "In the late 1990s, Brad Mehldau began turning his refined attention to the exacting art Keith Jarrett had dominated for so long: unaccompanied acoustic-piano improvisation." Mehldau's previous solo piano albums were Elegiac Cycle (1999), Live in Tokyo (2003), and Live in Marciac (2006).


10 Years Solo Live, Music and recording
The tracks are arranged by four themes: "Dark/Light", "The Concert", "Intermezzo/Rückblick", and "E Minor/E Major". Dark/Light "explores versions of Jeff Buckley's 'Dream Brother', which is followed by Lennon/McCartney's 'Blackbird'". In Mehldau's words, "'Rückblick' means a look backward, perhaps a reappraisal. Brahms's Intermezzo movement was a look back at what had taken place in his Sonata before moving to the final movement. Here, the listener is invited to look back to music that was recorded 10 or more years ago, in 2004 and 2005." The final theme uses minor and major variants of a key and references the first theme.


10 Years Solo Live, Music and recording
On "Dream Brother", Mehldau lets "a single-note pulse work as an emotional metronome before the layering really begins." "And I Love Her" is given a "fugue-like construction". "Smells Like Teen Spirit" has "pointillistic flourishes, a sound painting sourced from West Coast grunge with a Satie-like sensitivity." On the 2011 version of "Knives Out", "Arpeggios ripple, melodies flit across said ripples, and Radiohead's bluesy electronica is lent the power of Beethoven." "Junk" "has a light danceability about it stemming from just how damn tuneful it is." "Intermezzo in B-Flat Major" "is a kind of behold-these-chops moment, with Mehldau crossing over into classical territory with a virtuosity we’ve been well prepared for by this time."


10 Years Solo Live, Music and recording
The performances were recorded in concerts in Europe between June 7, 2004 and March 10, 2014.


10 Years Solo Live, Releases
Mehldau explained that "the order of songs is not arbitrary, and I have tried to tell a story from beginning to end in the way I've sequenced it."


10 Years Solo Live, Releases
The original release, of a collection of eight LPs, was on October 16, 2015. The same material was issued as a four-CD collection, and made available by digital download, on November 13 of the same year.


10 Years Solo Live, Reception
John Fordham of The Guardian commented on the recording's "slew of orchestrally rolling chordwork, tireless trills and corkscrewing contrapuntal playing". In a mixed review in The Daily Telegraph, Ivan Hewett wrote that several tracks "begin intriguingly, but then become gripped by a sense of their own importance, swelling up to an oppressively 'anthemic' weightiness." Nate Chinen, in The New York Times, believed that the release "contains some of the most impressive pianism Mr. Mehldau has captured on record."


10 Years Solo Live, Reception
Nenad Georgievski of All About Jazz noted, "10 Years Solo Live doesn't feel like a compilation of selected performances put together, but the whole repertoire flows into a complete whole. Somehow these sound like a free-flowing single works. It's a beautiful release/box from a unique pianist who continually shows what the piano can do."


10 Years Solo Live, Reception
Jeff Simon of The Buffalo News stated, "...it’s a stupendous collection of a decade of solo piano performances by Brad Mehldau all across Europe that proves that with the death of Michel Petrucciani, Mehldau is the only solo jazz pianist who deserves to be mentioned in the same breath as Keith Jarrett." Cormac Larkin of The Irish Times wrote, " To listen intently is to engage in the tangle of a great musician’s mind, one whose influence may now be discerned in pretty much every jazz pianist that has come after him. Nothing can replace the thrill of actually being in the room when Mehldau is in the act of creation, but 10 Years Solo Live is a close second."


10 Years Younger (American TV series)
10 Years Younger (also abbreviated as 10YY) is an American reality series that aired on TLC. It takes individuals and transform them to look more "glamorous", or 'ten years younger', hence the name of the show. As of February 2011, the Oprah Winfrey Network have been airing reruns of the show.


10 Years Younger (American TV series), Production
10YY first aired on December 1, 2004 and ran until 2005 when it went on a hiatus. The show returned on January 7, 2008 with a revamped cast, with only make-up artist Damone Roberts returning from the previous cast and Mark Montano from While You Were Out as the host. In August 2008 the fourth season began shooting, to air later in the year, with Kyan Douglas as the new host.


10 Years Younger (American TV series), The steps of 10YY, Premise
The show begins by introducing the participant and their story, which is usually an explanation of why they look older than they are. The participant then stands inside the box — a soundproof clear display case placed along a busy street. The show's host, then invites 100 people to guess the age of the participant. The average of these guesses is then considered the "age" of the participant; the show must try to make them look ten years younger than this average, not their actual age.


10 Years Younger (American TV series), The steps of 10YY, Makeover
The participant is then taken to various experts to undergo non-surgical cosmetic procedures. These usually include straightening, shaping, and whitening for teeth; LASIK or other eye surgery for participants with glasses or bad vision; and a dermatologist to administer procedures ranging from microdermabrasion to botox. Occasionally there will be another expert involved, such as a trainer or career advisor. After these procedures are finished the participant is taken to the "Glam Squad", which includes a hair stylist, makeup artist, and fashion stylist. To give the show an element of surprise, the participant is not allowed to see the entire look, particularly hair and makeup, before the final reveal.


10 Years Younger (American TV series), The steps of 10YY, Reveal
When the makeover is complete, the members of the Glam Squad, along with a family member of the participant, gather for the reveal. Here, the participant is shown a life-sized picture of themselves taken before the makeover. The picture is then removed to reveal a mirror, allowing the participant to see the results of the makeover for the first time, usually an emotional moment.


10 Years Younger (American TV series), The steps of 10YY, Reveal
After the reveal, the participant must return to "the box" for the final verdict. Again, 100 people are asked to guess the age of the participant, then the average of these guesses is announced. The final average is always lower than the first average, usually by at least ten years, as is the show's aim; however, there have been a few instances where the ten-year goal has not been reached.


10 Years Younger (British TV series)
10 Years Younger sometimes called 10 Years Younger: The Challenge is a make over show aired on Channel 4 in Britain.


10 Years Younger (British TV series)
Presented for its first five series by Nicky Hambleton-Jones, she was replaced by Myleene Klass for series six.


10 Years Younger (British TV series), About the show
With the help of experts the participant of the show is given a complete make over in an attempt to make them look 10 Years Younger, partially through plastic surgery. At the start of the programme the person's age is guessed by 100 people on the street and an average is taken. From this average the target image is set. At the end of the show this happens again to see the results.


10 Years Younger (British TV series), About the show
The programme regularly makes use of cosmetic surgery, which has attracted criticism from some quarters. However, in his book 10 Years Younger: Cosmetic Surgery Bible, the show's resident consultant surgeon Jan Stanek says: "I decided to take part in the series because I felt that it offered an opportunity to shine an honest light on what was involved in cosmetic surgery and to address some of the common misconceptions about it."


10 Years Younger (British TV series), Books
There are currently three books which accompany the series. The first two are both written by former presenter Nicky Hambleton-Jones. The third book is written by Jan Stanek with Hayley Treacy.


10 Years Younger in 10 Days
10 Years Younger in 10 Days is a reality make-over show that screens on the Seven Network in Australia. The series is presented by Sonia Kruger and is based on the British series 10 Years Younger.


10 Years Younger in 10 Days
With the help of experts the participants of the show are given a complete make over in an attempt to make them look 10 Years Younger in 10 Days. At the start of the program the person's age is guessed by people on the street and an average is taken. From this average the target image is set. At the end of the show this happens again to see the results.


10 Years Younger in 10 Days
The show premiered on 21 April 2009 and rated 1,348,000 viewers and came in fifth position for the night, a particularly strong result given its 9:30pm timeslot.


10 Years and Gunnin'
10 Years and Gunnin' is a greatest hits CD by M.O.P.. The album name is a reference to N.W.A's LP 100 Miles and Runnin'.


10 Years discography
This is a comprehensive discography of official recordings by 10 Years, an American rock band from Knoxville, Tennessee. 10 Years has released 9 studio albums, 20 singles.


10 Years in Rage
10 Years in Rage: The Anniversary Album is the eighth full-length album released by the German heavy metal band Rage in 1994. It contains new material and previously unreleased tracks from the band's long career, as well the re-recording of "Prayers of Steel", from Avenger's first album and a medley of Rage's fan favourite tunes. The album features guest appearances from all the musicians that had played in Rage. The album was remastered by Noise/Sanctuary in 2002 with five bonus tracks.


10 Years in the Life
10 Years in the Life is a compilation album by electronica artist Brian Transeau, also known as BT. It was released in 2002. Disc 1 is a collection of rare songs, remixes and edits of Transeau's songs, showcasing Transeau's progression as an artist over the span of a decade. It notably includes his very first track ever recorded, "The Moment of Truth". Disc 2 is a mix album and features remixes and rare tracks done by BT, including remixes of Madonna, DJ Rap, The Crystal Method and Deep Dish.


10 Years in the Life
Most of the rare tracks by BT are under the names of his many aliases. The booklet that comes with the CD features stories by BT about the making of each track on both discs, as well as a series of comments about his early career, remixing, scoring films and producing music in general.


10 Years of Abuse (and Still Broke)
10 Years of Abuse (and Still Broke) is the title of Sludge metal band Eyehategod's only live album, released on May 29, 2001. Although not all the tracks are live, it is still considered a live album, as the majority of tracks are live, and there are no studio tracks (the rest consist of demos and radio performances). It is also their last album on Century Media.


10 Years of Abuse (and Still Broke), Track listing
Tracks 1–4 are taken from the original 1990 demo Lack of Almost Everything. Tracks 5–8 were recorded live on KXLU, August 2, 1994. Tracks 9–16 were recorded live in Europe, April 2000. All songs written by Eyehategod.


10 Years of Cheap Fame
10 Years of Cheap Fame is a compilation album by Australian punk band 28 Days. It was released in March 2007. The album includes tracks from all four studio albums and three extended plays. The album was supported with a farewell tour.


10 Years of Greatest Hits – Newly Recorded
10 Years of Hits – Newly Recorded is a studio album by American country music artist Vern Gosdin. It was released in 1990 via Columbia Records. The album peaked at number 21 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart.


10 Years of Hits
10 Years of Hits is the first compilation album released by Boyzone frontman, Ronan Keating. The album was released on 11 October 2004, and included all of Keating's singles to date, plus three new singles, two previously unreleased tracks, and the B-side "This Is Your Song". The album peaked at number one on the UK Albums Chart, becoming the third out of four of Keating's albums to do so. In 2010, an anniversary edition of the album was issued in Australia containing further singles that were released after the original release of the album and was certified 4x Platinum in Australia in 2016.


10 agorot controversy
The 10 agorot controversy refers to a conspiracy theory promoted by Palestine Liberation Organization chairman Yasser Arafat's appearance at a specially convened session of the UN Security Council in Geneva on 25 May 1990. At the session Arafat claimed that the obverse design of an Israeli ten agorot coin showed a map of "Greater Israel" that represented Zionist expansionist goals.


10 agorot controversy
To support his claims Arafat produced a paper by Gwyn Rowley of the University of Sheffield published in GeoJournal. The paper titled "Developing Perspectives upon the Areal Extent of Israel: An Outline Evaluation" raised the question of what the maximum territorial extents of Eretz Yisrael were in the eyes of Israelis. As part of this inquiry Rowley presented a map of the Middle East with a superimposed outline based on the embossed pattern of a contemporary 10 agorot coin. In the text Rowley surmised:


10 agorot controversy
Whereas Israel has never formally defined its borders one possible indication of Israel's broader territorial ambitions might be seen in the Israeli ten agorot coin which carries a map, seemingly depicting an area that would extend over to encompass present-day Amman, Beirut, Baghdad, Damascus and the N parts of Saudi Arabia. This same territorial depiction was carried on the earlier one sheqal coin.


10 agorot controversy
S. M. Berkowicz, of the Department of Physical Geography, at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem criticized Rowley's article in a subsequent paper also published by GeoJournal. Berkowicz concluded that the shape was based on an ancient coin and "There is of course no foundation to Rowley's undocumented claim." Rowley then responded that the coin might have been chosen because of its map-like shape.


10 agorot controversy
The Bank of Israel maintains that the 10 agorot design was selected for its historical value, and is a "replica of a coin issued by Mattathias Antigonus (40 – 37 B.C.E.) with the seven-branched candelabrum".


10 agorot controversy
The design, by Nathan Karp, first appeared on the 100 shekel coin issued by the Bank of Israel on 2 May 1984. When the old shekel currency was replaced by the new shekel in September 1985, the design was copied to the new 10 agorot coin, which was equal in value to the old 100 shekel. This design was also adopted as the symbol of the Bank of Israel.


10 and Under Tennis
10 and Under Tennis is a program that was introduced by the United States Tennis Association (USTA) in the summer of 2010. Upon making the change official in 2012, it modified the format of all USTA and International Tennis Federation (ITF) events involving players of years 10 and younger. The program changes the game making it easier for children to succeed. The objective is to adapt the court, balls, racket, and net to the size and strength level of youth players. These alternations create the opportunity for younger players to spend more time hitting balls rather than chasing them. It allows them to hone tennis skills and accelerate their development. The hope is that earlier success in tennis will translate to a lifetime of interest in the sport and perhaps set a foundation for generations of more world-class players.


10 and Under Tennis
Under the changes made through 10 and Under Tennis, not only are court dimensions smaller, racket shorter, and tennis nets lower but the balls used are larger and have less compression. With a lower compression, balls don't bounce as high. This keeps them within a younger players strike zone creating more chances to make contact with the ball.


10 and Under Tennis
The unique coloring of the balls provides better visual indication of the spin that both that the player and his/her opponent are able to put on the ball. A large part of developing a strong tennis stroke is being able to generate the necessary ball rotation required in each situation. The colorized ball provides immediate feedback, letting the young players know if they executed their stroke properly.


10 and Under Tennis
As young players progress in age and ability, the size of the court and balls change as well. The player's progression through the levels of the 10 and Under Tennis program supports an easier transition to the standard adult game. By the time players evolve to the traditional ball and court dimensions, they will have had more chances to master the nuances of the game than players taking more conventional developmental approaches using standard balls, court sizes, and instruction.


10 ans de succès (Marc Lavoine album)
10 ans de succès, released with the yellow cover band 85-95 le meilleur de Marc Lavoine', is a 1995 compilation recorded by French artist Marc Lavoine. It was the singer's first best of and his seventh album overall. It was released in October 1995 and achieved success in France and Belgium (Wallonia), where it reached the top four. This compilation contains all the singer's singles from the beginning of hi career, plus two unreleased songs : "Reste sur moi", a song previously written for Patricia Kaas on her 1993 album Je te dis vous, and "Nu".


10 cent coin
A 10 cent coin is a coinage value in many systems using decimal currencies.


10 cents (World War II Dutch coin)
The zinc 10-cent coin was minted in the Netherlands between 1941 and 1943 during World War II. It was worth 1/10, or .10, of the guilder, and designed by Nico de Haas, a Dutch national-socialist. The respective mintage was of 29,800,000 (1941), 95,600,000 (1942), 29,000,000 (1943).


10 cm Feldhaubitze M 99
The 10 cm Feldhaubitze M 99 was a howitzer used by Austria-Hungary during World War I.


10 cm Feldhaubitze M 99
It had a bronze barrel and lacked a modern recoil system, using only an ineffective spring-mounted spade brake, and was virtually obsolescent on its introduction. Nonetheless, it was the standard field howitzer for the Austrian Army at the outbreak of the war.


10 cm Feldhaubitze M 99
It donated its barrel to the 10 cm Gebirgshaubitze M 99, although few of those were made, being largely replaced by a version of the standard Feldhaubitze M 99 with a narrow, 1.3 metres (51 in) carriage for use on mountain paths. The axle seats were deleted from these narrow carriages in the interest of saving weight.


10 cm Gebirgshaubitze M 8
The 10 cm Gebirgshaubitze M 8 was a mountain howitzer used by Austria-Hungary during World War I. It was the first Austrian howitzer to use a modern hydraulic variable-recoil system. It used the same ammunition as the earlier 10 cm Gebirgshaubitze M 99, which was shown to be accurate, but lacked sufficient power to destroy bunkers, during World War I. It had a gun shield. It could be mounted on a special sled carriage designated 10 cm M. 8 Gebirgsschleife designed to allow for high-angle fire between +43° and 70° elevation. This sled was transported on a special bedding cart with removable wheels. The wheels were removed when in position to fire.


10 cm Gebirgshaubitze M 8
The 10 cm Gebirgshaubitze M 10 was virtually identical except that it had its traversing and elevating handwheels on different sides and it was not given a high-angle mount.


10 cm Gebirgshaubitze M 99
The 10 cm Gebirgshaubitze M 99 was a mountain howitzer used by Austria-Hungary during World War I. It consisted of the bronze barrel of the 10 cm Feldhaubitze M 99 on a new, narrow-gauge box trail carriage that could be broken down for transport on animal carts. Like its brother, it lacked a modern recoil system, using only an ineffective spring-mounted recoil spade, and was virtually obsolescent upon its introduction. Relatively few were made as the version of the standard 10 cm Feldhaubitze M 99 with a narrow, 1.3-metre (51 in) carriage was cheaper.


10 cm K 04
The 10 cm Kanone 04 (10 cm K 04) was a field gun used by Germany in World War I. It was the second heavy gun with modern recoil system accepted by the German Army. It was produced as a replacement for the 10 cm K 99 and the lange 15 cm Kanone 92. Although the standard version lacked a gunshield, some models, such as the 10 cm K 04/12, were fitted with a special gunshield and some other minor modifications. There was only 32 in service at the outbreak of the war.


10 cm K 04
It could be transported in one load by a team of six horses, or it could be broken down into 2 loads (tandem hitches) for crossing rough terrain.


10 cm K 14
The 10 cm Kanone 14 (10 cm K 14) was a field gun used by Germany and Bulgaria in World War I.


10 cm K 14, Design
The 10 cm Kanone 14 was designed by Krupp and was intended to replace the 10 cm K 04. It was essentially a heavily modified version of the gun it was intended to replace, but it was designed to be able engage targets on the ground and in the air. Its firing platform was intended to give it a fast 360° traverse. Its elevation was 15° greater than the 10 cm K 04, and due to recoil problems associated with firing at high angles, it was designed with a heavy and complicated variable recoil system. To improve its accuracy when employed in the anti-aircraft role, it was fitted with a double elevation sighting system.


10 cm K 14, Production
It was placed into production on the outbreak of World War I and the first guns had been delivered by May 1915. It was used as a field gun by both Germany and Bulgaria. It could be transported in one load by a team of six horses, with the baseplate carried on the trails. Two batteries worth were modified to be broken down for use in mountainous terrain. Despite the modifications for its intended dual role as an anti-aircraft gun, it proved to be a complete failure in that respect.


10 cm K 17
The 10 cm Kanone 17 (10 cm K 17) was a field gun used by Germany in World War I and World War II.


10 cm K 17, Development
The range of the 10 cm K 14 was deemed insufficient in combat and Krupp designed a new, longer (L/45) barrel that was mounted on the K 14's carriage. This made the gun too heavy to be transported as a single load; the barrel had to be removed and stowed on its own transport wagon. The ramps visible in the picture (see right), served to guide the barrel transport wagon into position to align the barrel with the recoil system to allow it to be winched into battery. They are fixed in place on this example, but were generally removable.


10 cm K 17, Development
The K 17 used either a hydro-pneumatic or hydro spring recoil system, presumably depending on manufacturer.


10 cm K 17, Anti-aircraft role
Despite the recognition that the K 17 would not have any anti-aircraft role, most of the heavy and expensive features added to the K 14 in a failed bid to equip it as an AA gun were retained. Presumably this was to hasten the switchover from production of the K 14 to the K 17. A simpler version of the K 17 was designed in 1917 that harkened back to the K 04 in many ways. The complex sighting system was dropped in favor of one based on the sights used on the 15 cm sFH 13, variable recoil was deleted and the gun could not be broken down for transport. This was called the K 17/04; about a thousand were ordered in August 1917.


10 cm K 17, Counter battery gun
Because of its perceived value as an anti-aircraft weapon, the gun was a difficult piece to manufacture. Despite a few K 04s shooting down balloons during the war, these weapons never fulfilled a useful air defense niche. In 1914, few active army corps had heavy guns within their organization. These pieces were often found in reserve units. By 1918, all corps incorporated heavy guns. A Foot Artillery Battalion was typically organized with two howitzer batteries and one heavy gun battery. Overall it appears that the 10 cm guns did find useful service. They served as an excellent long-range counter battery weapon and were more than passable as an anti-personnel weapon. They were well paired with the 15 cm guns, which more commonly served in the anti-personnel role.


10 cm K 17, Fate
Germany was forbidden to use these guns by the Versailles Treaty and was supposed to scrap or sell all existing weapons. Some were sold to Sweden and Romania after the war, but some were hidden and saw service in World War II, mainly in the coastal defense role. Here the Kanone 1917 and K 17/04 soldiered on along with the 10 cm Kanone 1918, these three most modern types saw excellent service throughout World War II.


10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze
The 10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze was a dual-purpose field and mountain gun used by Austria-Hungary during World War I. Between the wars it was used by Austria, Italy, and Poland. During World War II it served as the standard medium howitzer of the Royal Italian Army with the designation Obice da 100/17 modello 14 and after 1943 captured weapons were used by Nazi Germany's Wehrmacht under the designations 10 cm leFH 14(ö) and 10 cm leFH 315(i). After World War II an updated howitzer remained in service with the Italian Army until 1975.


10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze, Design
It was a conventional design, although the first versions used an obsolescent wrought bronze barrel liner and a cast bronze jacket. Later versions used a standard steel barrel. The spade was in two pieces, one designed for use in icy ground and the other in normal soil.


10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze, Design
Two cannoneers sat in seats attached to the shield, as was normal for the period. It was pulled by three pairs of horses when attached to its limber. The Austro-Hungarian Army acquired 6,458 10 cm Mod. 14 howitzers for its Field Howitzer Regiments ("Feldhaubitze-Regiment") and 346 10 cm M. 16 howitzers for its mountain troops. The Mod. 16 could be broken down into three loads carried on small carts for transport in rough terrain.


10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze, Design
Postwar some weapons were modernized for motor towing with new rubber-tired wheels and the seats on the shield removed. A more extensive postwar update by Czechoslovakia was designated as the 10 cm houfnice vz. 14/19 and was exported to Poland, Greece and Yugoslavia.


10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze, Royal Italian Army
During World War I the Royal Italian Army had captured 1,222 10 cm Mod. 14/16 howitzers from the Austro-Hungarian Army. A further 1,472 were given to Italy as war reparations. In Italian service the guns were designated Obice da 100/17 Mod. 14 and Obice da 100/17 Mod. 16. The Royal Army Arsenal in Turin developed a new series of ammunition for the howitzers which were introduced in 1932 and included chemical warfare grenades.


10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze, Royal Italian Army
At the outbreak of World War II the Royal Army and the Guardia alla Frontiera were fielding 1,325 Mod. 14 in the original Austro-Hungarian configuration and 199 Mod 14, which had their wooden wheels replaced with tires for use in motorized divisions. The artillery of the Alpini mountain troops fielded 181 Mod. 16. howitzers. During the North African Campaign Italian forces mounted the 100/17 Mod. 14 onto Lancia 3Ro heavy trucks and employed the gun as mobile anti-tank cannon.


10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze, Italian Army
After World War II some of the howitzers were modified by the Military Arsenal of Naples for use as mountain artillery, with the denominations 100/17 Mod. 14 mont. and 100/17 Mod. 16 mont. In the second half of the fifties the howitzers were further modified for the service in the Italian Army with the versions 100/17 Mod. 14/50 for field artillery units and 100/17 Mod. 14/16/50 for mountain artillery units. The modification of the field artillery version included a circular shooting platform, pneumatic wheels and a gun shield taken from reserve Ordnance QF 25-pounder howitzers, while the mountain artillery version omitted the circular shooting platform.


10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze, Italian Army
In 1961 the weapon was again modified by lengthening the barrel and recalibrating it for NATO ammunition, resulting in a barrel to caliber ratio of 105/22. Accordingly the new version was named: 105/22 Mod. 14/61. This version equipped the field artillery groups of the army's motorized divisions.


10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze, Italian Army
With the 1975 army reform the 105/22 Mod. 14/61 was taken out of service and stored as reserve until 1984. Today only one 105/22 Mod. 14/61 remains in service with the Italian Army: located in Rome on the Janiculum it is fired since 1991 at noon every day to indicate the time.


10 cm Nebelwerfer 35
The  10 cm Nebelwerfer 35  (10 cm NbW 35) was a heavy mortar used by Germany during World War II. Much like the American M2 4.2 inch mortar it was intended to deliver chemical munitions, such as gas and smoke shells. Unlike the American weapon it appears to have had an ordinary high-explosive shell from the beginning. It was of conventional design, and was virtually a scaled-up 8 cm GrW 34. It broke down into the standard three loads for transport. The tube weighed 31.7 kg (70 lb), the baseplate 36.3 kg (80 lb) and the bipod 32.2 kg (71 lb). Each could be man-packed for some distance, but small handcarts were issued for longer distances. Each mortar squad consisted of a squad leader, three gunners and three ammunition bearers.


10 cm Nebelwerfer 35
It was initially deployed in (German: Nebelwerfer "smoke or fog-thrower") battalions belonging to the Chemical Corps of the Heer; exactly how the American initially fielded their own 4.2 inch mortar in chemical mortar battalions. From 1941 they were replaced by the 10 cm Nebelwerfer 40 and the 15 cm Nebelwerfer 41 multiple rocket launcher.


10 cm Nebelwerfer 35, Operational use
Initially they were deployed in Nebelwerfer battalions numbered 1 to 9, plus the Nebel-Lehr Abteilung (Demonstration Battalion) and saw service in the Battle of France and Russia during Operation Barbarossa.


10 cm Nebelwerfer 35, Operational use
Specialist units using these mortars were also formed, such as Gebirgs-Werfer-Abteilung (Mountain Mortar Battalion) 10 which was formed in Finland in early 1942 by expanding Nebelwerfer-Batterie 222., This had itself been converted from 8th Battery of Artillery Regiment 222 of the 181st Infantry Division during the invasion of Norway.


10 cm Nebelwerfer 35, Operational use
Following their replacement in the chemical corps, further uses were found for the mortars, including issue to Fallschirmjager units as Heavy Mortars.


10 cm Nebelwerfer 40
The  10 cm Nebelwerfer 40  (10 cm NbW 40) was a heavy mortar used by Germany during the Second World War. Much like the American M2 4.2 inch mortar it was intended to deliver chemical munitions, such as gas and smoke shells, as well as ordinary high-explosive shells. It was derived from Rheinmetall's Nebelwerfer 51 and 52 prototypes of the late 1930s which were attempts to develop a more accurate and longer-ranged mortar than the 10 cm Nebelwerfer 35. The NbW 40 is one of the better examples of German overengineering since it fired a slightly heavier bomb over twice as far as the NbW 35, but weighed almost eight times more than the earlier model.


10 cm Nebelwerfer 40
It was an innovative breech-loading design with the wheels permanently attached to the carriage, from which it was fired, and which wasn't disassembled for transport. It replaced the NbW 35 in (German: Nebelwerfer "smoke or fog-thrower") battalions belonging to the Chemical Corps of the Heer; exactly how the American fielded their own M2s in chemical mortar battalions. It was replaced by the 15 cm Nebelwerfer 41 multiple rocket launcher from 1941.


10 cm Nebelwerfer 40, Operational use
They began to replace the 10 cm Nebelwerfer 35 mortars from late 1941 in the Nebelwerfer battalions, and were used by Gebirgs-Werfer-Abteilung (Mountain Mortar Battalion) 10 plus the first battalion of the Nebel-Lehr Regiment (Demonstration Regiment) and saw service in the North Africa, Finland and Russia.


10 cm houfnice vz. 28
The 10 cm houfnice vz. 28 (howitzer model 28) was a Czech howitzer used in limited numbers by the Yugoslav Army during World War II. The Yugoslavians ordered twenty houfnice vz. 28 guns which they referred to as the 100 mm M.28. Guns captured from Yugoslavia by the Germans were given the designation 10 cm leFH 317(j).


10 cm houfnice vz. 28, Design & history
The origins of the houfnice vz. 28 began in 1928 at the Škoda Works in Pilsen. The design attempted to combine the howitzer  and mountain gun roles into one weapon. The houfnice vz. 28 combined a two-wheeled box trail carriage, horizontal sliding-wedge breech, Hydro-pneumatic recoil system and high angle elevation. For the mountain gun role it could be broken down into three pieces for transport, a feature also shared by the contemporary 8 cm kanon vz. 28 and the later 8 cm kanon vz. 30 and 10 cm houfnice vz. 30 guns. The Czech Army declined to adopt the houfnice vz. 28, but ordered its successor the houfnice vz. 30 in larger numbers. The vz. 30 and vz. 28 shared a similar configuration, dimensions and their performance was largely the same.


10 cm houfnice vz. 30 (howitzer)
The 10 cm houfnice vz. 30 (howitzer model 30) was a Czechoslovak howitzer used in the Second World War. The 158 weapons captured after the German invasion of Czechoslovakia in March 1939 were taken into Wehrmacht service as the 10 cm leFH 30(t). It was used by a variety of German units during World War II, including II. and III./SS-Artillerie-Abteilung 3 between 1939 and 1940 and SS-Artillerie-Abteilung 51 during 1941. 30 served with the Slovak Army.


10 cm houfnice vz. 30 (howitzer), Design and history
It was modified from an earlier Skoda design, the 10 cm houfnice vz. 28, that attempted to combine the field and mountain gun roles into one weapon. The Czechoslovak army decided to adopt it to replace their plethora of aged Austro-Hungarian field guns. They replaced the wheels with modern rubber-tired wheels, but curiously chose to retain the crewman's seat on the Gun shield. It used the same carriage as the 8 cm kanon vz. 30 that could break down into three pieces for transport . It fired a 16 kilograms (35 lb) shell.


10 cm houfnice vz. 30 (howitzer), Design and history
Romania purchased a total of 500 pieces, 248 from Czechoslovakia in the mid-1930s and 252 from Germany in 1940–1941. Romania was not able to produce the whole piece by itself, but its Astra Works did manage to produce the gun barrel. Gun barrels of 100 mm were produced by Astra during the war for the replacement of damaged/worn-out barrels.


10 cm schwere Kanone 18
The 10 cm schwere Kanone 18 (10 cm sK 18) was a field gun used by Germany in World War II. The German army wanted a new 10.5 cm gun as well as 15 cm howitzer which were to share the same carriage. Guns are heavier than howitzers due to the longer barrel. This also led to the 15 cm sFH 18. As such both weapons had a similar weight and could be carried by a similar carriage. By 1926 Krupp and Rheinmetall had specimen designs, and prototypes were ready by 1930, but was not fielded until 1933–34. Both Krupp and Rheinmetall competed for the development contract, but the Wehrmacht compromised and selected Krupp's carriage to be mated with Rheinmetall's gun.


10 cm schwere Kanone 18
It sometimes equipped the medium artillery battalion (with the 15 cm sFH 18) of German divisions, but generally was used by independent artillery battalions and on coast defense duties. Some were used as anti-tank guns during the early stages of war on the Eastern Front, as well as on the prototype self propelled gun "Dicker Max". Around 1,500 guns were produced until 1945. After the war it served with the Albanian and Bulgarian armies.


10 cm schwere Kanone 18, Gallery
Front of 10 cm schwere Kanone 18 at National Museum of Military History, Bulgaria, Sofia.


10 cm schwere Kanone 18, Gallery
Side of 10 cm schwere Kanone 18 at National Museum of Military History, Bulgaria, Sofia.


10 cm schwere Kanone 18, Gallery
Back of 10 cm schwere Kanone 18 at National Museum of Military History, Bulgaria, Sofia.


10 cm schwere Kanone 18, Gallery
10 cm schwere Kanone 18 fitted with an 8,8 cm squeeze-bore adapter attached to the muzzle.


10 cm/50 Type 88 naval gun
The 10 cm/50 Type 88 naval gun was a dual-purpose gun used by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.


10 cm/50 Type 88 naval gun, Description
There were two variants of the 10 cm/50 Type 88 naval gun. One variant had a removable barrel liner while the other had an autofretted monoblock barrel. Both variants had horizontal sliding block breaches, hydro-pneumatic recoil mechanism, and Fixed Quick Fire ammunition. They were dual-purpose guns mounted on HA/LA central pivot mounts with a wide range of elevation that allowed the guns to be used against surface and aerial targets. The gun was capable of a theoretical rate of fire of 12 rounds per minute but this was limited to a practical rate of fire of 6 rounds per minute due to the speed of the pneumatic shell hoist.


10 cm/50 Type 88 naval gun, Uses
The 10 cm/50 Type 88 naval gun was used as a Deck gun aboard I-165 class Type KD5 submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.


10 cm/65 Type 98 naval gun
The 10 cm/65 Type 98 naval gun (六五口径九八式一〇糎高角砲), also known as the long 10cm high-angle gun (長10センチ高角砲), was a light caliber naval gun of the Imperial Japanese Navy used during World War II, employed on the aircraft carrier Taihō, the light cruiser Ōyodo, and  Akizuki-class destroyers. The gun was considered by the Japanese to be their finest anti-aircraft artillery weapon. After the end of World War II, the gun remained in service on the two Japanese destroyers ceded to the Soviet Union and the Republic of China as war reparations.


10 cm/65 Type 98 naval gun
The Allied forces first captured a shore-based twin-mounting of this weapon at Iwo Jima.


10 cm/65 Type 98 naval gun, Description
The 100 mm (3.9 in) L/65 caliber Type 98 gun utilized a horizontal sliding breech, in addition to either monobloc (made from a single forging) or replaceable liner construction of the barrel. The gun featured a spring-powered rammer that was cocked by means of the recoil of the gun being fired; this allowed the rammer to load the gun at any elevation.


10 cm/65 Type 98 naval gun, Description
116 guns went to ship based mounts: 12 for Taiho and 8 each on Oyodo and the 12 Akizuki-class destroyers. A shortcoming of the gun was that it had a service life of only 350-400 full charges, due to its high muzzle velocity.


10 cm/65 Type 98 naval gun, Description, Mountings
These guns were used in twin gun turrets. The total weight of the mount and guns on Akizuki was 34,500 kg (76,100 lb). The mount installed on Akizuki could traverse at 12° to 16° per second and could elevate at a rate of 16° per second. It was electro-hydraulically powered and could be moved by hand in the event of an emergency.


10 cm/65 Type 98 naval gun, Description, Ammunition
The gun fired a 1,118 mm (44.0 in), 28 kg (62 lb), fixed, high-explosive round with a brass casing. Only nose-fused high-explosive ammunition was developed for the gun.


10 daily
10 daily was a news and entertainment website. Part of the Ten Network Holdings, it was launched in May 2018 as Ten daily, and rebranded as 10 daily that October as part of an overall rebranding of the network. The site had 1.04 million visitors in September 2018. 10 daily creates content aimed at the 18 to 39-year-old demographic; as of May 2019, the majority of visitors were between 18 and 44, female, and accessing the website on mobile devices. On their first anniversary 10 daily launched a new tagline, "news with benefits".


10 daily
The 10 daily website closed on 22 May 2020, though some content has been transferred to 10 Play and social media accounts.


10 euro cent coin
The 10 euro cent coin (€0.10) has a value of one tenth of a euro and is composed of an alloy called Nordic gold. All coins have a common reverse side and country-specific national sides. The coin has been used since 2002, with the present common side design dating from 2007.


10 euro cent coin, History
The coin dates from 1999, when euro coins and banknotes were introduced in the 12-member eurozone and its related territories. The common side was designed by Luc Luycx, a Belgian artist who won a Europe-wide competition to design the new coins. The design of the 10- to 50-cent coins were intended to show separate states of the European Union (EU), as opposed to the one and two euro coins showing the 15 states as one and the 1- to 5-cent coins showing the EU's place in the world.


10 euro cent coin, History
The national sides, then 15 (eurozone + Monaco, San Marino and the Vatican who could mint their own) were each designed according to national competitions, though to specifications which applied to all coins such as the requirement of including twelve stars (see euro coins for more). National designs were not allowed to change until the end of 2008, unless a monarch (whose portrait usually appears on the coins) dies or abdicates. This happened in Monaco and the Vatican City resulting in three new designs in circulation (the Vatican had an interim design until the new Pope was selected). National designs have seen some changes due to new rules stating that national designs should include the name of the issuing country (Finland and Belgium both do not show their name, and hence have made minor changes).


10 euro cent coin, History
As the EU's membership has since expanded in 2004 and 2007, with further expansions envisaged, the common face of all euro coins from the value of 10 cent and above were redesigned in 2007 to show a new map. This map showed Europe, not just the EU, as one continuous landmass; however, Cyprus was moved west as the map cut off after the Bosporus (which was seen as excluding Turkey for political reasons). The redesign in 2007, rather than in 2004, was due to the fact that 2007 saw the first enlargement of the eurozone: the entry of Slovenia. Hence, the Slovenian design was added to the designs in circulation. Two more designs were added in 2008 with the entry of Cyprus and Malta and another one in 2009 with Slovakia, and three more for Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in 2011, 2014 and 2015, respectively.


10 euro cent coin, Design
The coins are composed of an alloy called Nordic gold, with a diameter of 19.75 mm, a 1.93 mm thickness and a mass of 4.10 grams. The coins' edges have regular indentations. The coins have been used from 2002, though some are dated 1999 which is the year the euro was created as a currency, but not put into general circulation.


10 euro cent coin, Design, Reverse (common) side
The reverse (used from 2007 onwards) was designed by Luc Luycx and displays a map of Europe on the left. The map does not include Iceland and cuts off on the right through Russia (exactly, at a line from the Kandalaksha Gulf to the Bosphorus (Cyprus is moved westward under Crete in order to include it and Malta is shown as disproportionally large so that it shows up). The map is flat and level with most of the coin and the sea is shown as an indentation.


10 euro cent coin, Design, Reverse (common) side
Six fine lines cut through the sea, breaking when passing through the map, and at their ends at the top and bottom are twelve stars (reflective of the flag of Europe). To the right, in raised lettering, is "10 Euro Cent" with the '10' being shown much larger than the words. The designer's initials, LL, appear next to the 0 in 10.


10 euro cent coin, Design, Reverse (common) side
Luc Luycx designed the original coin, which was much the same except the design was only of the then 15 members and shown with gaps between the states and raised rather than with an indented sea.


10 euro cent coin, Design, Obverse (national) sides
The obverse side of the coin depends on the issuing country. All have to include twelve stars (in most cases a circle around the edge), the engraver's initials and the year of issue. New designs also have to include the name or initials of the issuing country. The side cannot repeat the denomination of the coin unless the issuing country uses an alphabet other than Latin (currently, Greece and Austria are the only such countries, hence they engrave "10 ΛΕΠΤΑ" and "10 EURO CENT" upon their coins respectively).


10 euro cent coin, Design, Obverse (national) sides, Potential designs
Austria, Germany and Greece will also at some point need to update their designs to comply with guidelines stating they must include the issuing state's name or initial, and not repeat the denomination of the coin.


10 euro cent coin, Design, Obverse (national) sides, Potential designs
In addition, there are several EU states that have not yet adopted the euro. Some of them have already agreed upon their coin designs, but it is not known exactly when they will adopt the currency, and hence these are not yet minted. See Enlargement of the eurozone for expected entry dates of these countries.


10 euro cent coin, Nicknames
The coin has the nickname dubbeltje in the Netherlands, a term carried over from the previous currency.


10 euro note
The ten euro note (€10) is the second-lowest value euro banknote and has been used since the introduction of the euro (in its cash form) in 2002. The note is used in the 23 countries which have it as their sole currency (with 22 legally adopting it); with a population of about 343 million. In May 2021, there were approximately 2,785,000,000 ten euro banknotes in circulation around the eurozone. It is the fourth most widely circulated denomination, accounting for 10.4% of the total banknotes. Estimates suggest that the average life of a ten euro banknote is about 1.5 years before it is replaced due to wear.