020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
It is the drawn-out patient, sporadic pattern of attacks. It is very difficult to know when or where the next incident will occur." Gregory M. Travalio, Terrorism, International Law, and the Use of Military Force, 18 Wis. Int'l L.J. 145, 173 (2000); see also Testimony of Attorney-General Lord Goldsmith, 660 Hansard. H.L. (April 21, 2004) 370 (U.K.), available at publications.parliament.uk (what constitutes an imminent threat "will develop to meet new circumstances and new threats ....


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
It must be right that states can act in self-defense in circumstances where there is evidence of further imminent attacks by terrorist groups, even if there is no specific evidence of where such an attack will take place or of the precise nature of the attack."). Delaying action against individuals continually planning to kill Americans until some theoretical end-stage of the planning for a particular plot would create an unacceptably high risk that the action would fail and that American casualties would result.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
By its nature, therefore, the threat posed by al-Qa'ida and its associated forces demands a broader concept of imminence in judging when a person continually planning terror attacks presents an imminent threat, making the use of force appropriate. In this context, imminence must incorporate considerations of the relevant window of opportunity, the possibility of reducing collateral damage to civilians, and the likelihood of heading off future disastrous attacks on Americans.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
Thus, a decision-maker determining whether an al-Qa'ida operational leader presents an imminent threat of violent attack against the United States must take into account that certain members of al-Qa'ida (including any potential target of lethal force) are continually plotting attacks against the United States; that al-Qa'ida would engage in such attacks regularly to the extent it were able to do so; that the U.S. government may not be aware of all al-Qa'ida plots as they are developing and thus cannot be confident that none is about to occur; and that, in light of these predicates, the nation may have a limited window of opportunity within which to strike in a manner that both has a high likelihood of success and reduces the probability of American casualties.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
With this understanding, a high-level official could conclude, for example, that an individual poses an"imminent threat of violent attack against the United States where he is an operational leader of al-Qa'ida or an associated force and is personally and continually involved in planning terrorist attacks against the United States. Moreover, where the al-Qa'ida member in question has recently been involved in activities posing an imminent threat of violent attack against the United States, and there is no evidence suggesting that he has renounced or abandoned such activities, that member's involvement in al-Qa'ida's continuing terrorist campaign against the United States would. support the conclusion that the member poses an imminent threat.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
Second, regarding the feasibility of capture, capture would not be feasible if it could not be physically effectuated during the relevant window of opportunity or if the relevant country were to decline to consent to a capture operation. Other factors such as undue risk to U.S. personnel conducting a potential capture operation also could be relevant. Feasibility would be a highly fact-specific and potentially time-sensitive inquiry.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
Third, it is a premise here that any such lethal operation by the United States would comply with the four fundamental law-of-war principles governing the use of force: necessity, distinction, proportionality, and humanity (the avoidance of unnecessary suffering). See, e.g., United States Air Force, Targeting, Air Force Doctrine Document 2-1.9, at 88 (June 8, 2006); Dinstein, Conduct of Hostilities at 16-20, 115-16, 119-23; see also 2010 Koh ASIL Speech. For example, it would not be consistent with those principles to continue an operation if anticipated civilian casualties would be excessive in relation to the anticipated military advantage.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction 5810.01D, Implementation of the DoD Law of War Program ^ 4.a, at 1 (Apr. 30,2010). An operation consistent with the laws of war could not violate the prohibitions against treachery and perfidy, which address a breach of confidence by the assailant. See, e.g., Hague Convention IV, Annex, art. 23(b), Oct. 18, 1907, 36 stat 2277,2301-02 ("[I]t is especially forbidden ... [t]o kill or wound treacherously individuals belonging to the hostile nation or army ....").


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
These prohibitions do not, however, categorically forbid the use of stealth or surprise, nor forbid attacks on identified individual soldiers or officers. See U.S. Army Field Manual 27-10, The Law of Land Warfare, ¶ 31 (1956) (article 23(b) of the Annex to the Hague Convention IV does not "preclude attacks on individual soldiers or officers of the enemy whether in the zone of hostilities, occupied territory, or else-where"). And the Department is not aware of any other law-of-war grounds precluding use of such tactics.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
See Dinstein, Conduct of Hostilities at 94-95, 199;  Abraham D. Sofaer, Terrorism, the Law, and the National Defense, 126 Mil. L. Rev. 89, 120-21 (1989). Relatedly, "there is no prohibition under the laws of war on the use of technologically advanced weapons systems in armed conflict—such as pilotless aircraft or so-called smart bombs—as long as they are employed in conformity with applicable laws of war." 2010 Koh ASIL Speech. Further, under this framework, the United States would also be required to accept a surrender if it were feasible to do so.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., A.
In sum, an operation in the circumstances and under the constraints described above would not result in a violation of any due process rights.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., B.
Similarly, assuming that a lethal operation targeting a U.S. citizen abroad who is planning attacks against the United States would result in a "seizure" under the Fourth Amendment, such an operation would not violate that Amendment in the circumstances posited here. The Supreme Court has made clear that the constitutionality of a seizure is determined by "balanc[ing] the nature and quality of the intrusion on the individual's Fourth Amendment interests against the importance of the governmental interests alleged to justify the intrusion." Tennessee v. Garner, 471 US.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., B.
1, 8 (1985) (internal quotation marks omitted); accord Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 383 (2007). Even in domestic law enforcement operations, the Court has noted that "[w]here the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a threat of serious physical harm, either to the officer or to others, it is not constitutionally unreasonable to prevent escape by using deadly force." Garner, 471 U.S. at 11.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., B.
Thus, "if the suspect threatens the officer with a weapon or there is probable cause to believe that he has committed a crime involving the infliction or threatened infliction of serious physical harm, deadly force may be used if necessary to prevent escape, and if, where feasible, some warning has been given." Id. at 11-12.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., B.
The Fourth Amendment "reasonableness" test is situation-dependent. Cf. Scott, 550 U.S. at 382 ("Garner did not establish a magical on/off switch that triggers rigid preconditions whenever an officer's actions constitute 'deadly force.'"). What would constitute a reasonable use of lethal force for purposes of domestic law enforcement operations differs substantially from what would be reasonable in the situation and circumstances discussed in this white paper.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., B.
But at least in circumstances where the targeted person is an operational leader of an enemy force and an informed, high-level government official has determined that he poses an imminent threat of violent attack, against the United States, and those conducting the operation would carry out the operation only if capture were infeasible, the use of lethal force would not violate the Fourth Amendment. Under such circumstances, the intrusion on any Fourth Amendment interests would be outweighed by the "importance of the governmental interests [that] justify the intrusion," Garner, 471 U.S. at 8—the interests in protecting the lives of Americans.


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., C.
Finally, the Department notes that under the circumstances described in this paper, there exists no appropriate judicial forum to evaluate these constitutional consideration. It is well established that "[matters intimately related to foreign policy and national security are rarely proper subjects for judicial intervention," Haig v. Agee, 453 U.S. 280,292 (1981), because such matters "frequently turn on standards that defy judicial application," or "involve the exercise of a discretion demonstrably committed to the executive or legislature," Baker v. Can, 369 U.S. 186,211 (1962).


020413 DOJ White Paper, II., C.
Were a court to intervene here, it might be required inappropriately to issue an ex ante command to the President and officials responsible for operations with respect to their specific tactical judgment to mount a potential lethal operation against a senior operational leader of al-Qa'ida or its associated forces. And judicial enforcement of such orders would require the Court to supervise inherently predictive judgments by the President and his national security advisors as to when and how to use force against a member of an enemy force against which Congress has authorized the use of force.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III.
Section 1119(b) of title 1 provides that a "person who, being a national of the United States, kills or attempts to kill a national of the United States while such national is outside the United States but within the jurisdiction of another country shall be punished as provided under sections 1111, 1112, and 1113." 18 U.S.C. § 1119(b) (2006). Because the person who would be the target of the kind of operation discussed here would be a U.S. citizen, it might be suggested that section 1119(b) would prohibit such an operation.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III.
Section 1119, however, incorporates the federal murder and manslaughter statutes, and thus its prohibition extends only to "unlawful killing[s]," 18 U.S.C. §§ 1111(a),  1112(a) (2006). Section 1119 is best construed to incorporate the "public authority" justification, which renders lethal action carried out by a government official lawful in some circumstances.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III.
As this paper explains below, a lethal operation of the kind discussed here would fall within the public authority exception under the circumstances and conditions posited because it would be conducted in a manner consistent with applicable law of war principles governing the non-intemational conflict between the United States and al-Qa'ida and its associated forces. It therefore would not result in an unlawful killing.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., A.
Although section 1119(b) refers only to the "punishments]" provided under sections 1111, 1112, and 1113, courts have held that section 1119(b) incorporates the substantive elements of those cross-referenced provisions of title 18. See, e.g., United States v. Wharton, 320 F.3d 526, 533 (5th Cir. 2003); United States v. White, 51 F. Supp. 2d 1008,1013-14 (E.D. Cal. 1997). Section 1111 of title 18 sets forth criminal penalties for "murder," and provides that "[m]urder is the unlawful killing of a human being with malice aforethought." 18 U.S.C. § 1111(a). Section 1112 similarly provides criminal sanctions for "[m]anslaughter," and states that "[mjanslaughter is the unlawful killing of a human being without malice:" Id.§ 112(a). Section 1113 provides criminal penalties for "attempts to commit murder or manslaughter." Id. § 1113. It is therefore clear that section 1119(b) bars only "unlawful killing."


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., A.
Guidance as to the meaning of the phrase "unlawful killing" in sections 1111 and 1112—and thus for purposes of section 1119(b)—can be found in the historical understandings of murder and manslaughter. That history shows that states have long recognized justifications and excuses to statutes criminalizing "unlawful" killings. One state court, for example, in construing that state's murder statute, explained that "the word 'unlawful' is a term of art" that "connotes a homicide with the absence of factors of excuse or justification." People v. Frye, 10 Cal. Rptr. 2d 217,221 (Cal. Ct . App. 1992).


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., A.
That court further explained that the factors of excuse or justification in question include those that have traditionally been recognized. Id. at 221 n.2. Other authorities support the same conclusion. See, e.g., Mullaney v. Wilbur, 421 U.S. 684, 685 (1975) (requirement of "unlawful" killing in Maine murder statute meant that killing was "neither justifiable nor excusable"); cf. also Rollin M. Perkins & Ronald N. Boyce, Criminal Law 56 (3d ed. 1982) ("Innocent homicide is of two kinds, (1) justifiable and (2) excusable."). Accordingly, section 1119 does not proscribe killings covered by a justification traditionally recognized under the common law or state and federal murder statutes. "Congress did not intend [section 1119] to criminalize justifiable or excusable killings." White, 51 F. Supp. 2d at 1013.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., B.
The public authority justification is well-accepted, and it may be available even in cases where the particular criminal statute at issue does not expressly refer to a public authority justification. Prosecutions where such a "public authority" justification is invoked are understandably rare, see American Law Institute Model Penal Code and Commentaries § 3.03 Comment 1, at 23-24 (1985); cf. Visa Fraud Investigation, 8 Op. O.L.C. 284, 285 n.2, 286 (1984), and thus there is little case law in which courts have^ analyzed the scope of the justification with respect to the conduct of government officials.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., B.
Nonetheless, discussions in the leading treatises and in the Model Penal Code demonstrate its legitimacy. See 2 Wayne R. LaFave, Substantive Criminal Law § 10.2(b), at 135 (2d ed. 2003); Perkins & Boyce, Criminal Law at 1093 ("Deeds which otherwise would be criminal, such as taking or destroying property, taking hold of a person by force and against his will, placing him in confinement, or even taking his life, are not crimes if done with proper public authority.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., B.
"); see also Model Penal Code § 3.03(l)(a), (d), (e), at 22-23 (proposing codification of justification where conduct is "required or authorized by," inter alia, "the law defining the duties or functions of a public officer," "the law governing the armed services or the lawful conduct of war," or "any other provision of law imposing a public duty"); National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws, A Proposed New Federal Criminal Code § 602(1) (1971) ("Conduct engaged in by a public servant in the course of his official duties is justified when it is required or authorized by law.").


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., B.
And the Department's Office of Legal Counsel ("OLC") has invoked analogous rationales when it has analyzed whether Congress intended a particular criminal statute to prohibit specific conduct that otherwise falls within a government agency's authorities. See, e.g., Visa Fraud Investigation, 8 Op. O.L.C. at 287-88 (concluding that a civil statute prohibiting issuance of visa to an alien known to be ineligible did not prohibit State Department from issuing such a visa where "necessary" to facilitate an important Immigration and Naturalization Service undercover operation carried out in a "reasonable" fashion).


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., B.
The public authority justification would not excuse all conduct of public officials from all criminal prohibitions. The legislature may design some criminal prohibitions to place bounds on the kinds of governmental conduct that can be authorized by the Executive. Or the legislature may enact a criminal prohibition in order to limit the scope of the conduct that the legislature has otherwise authorized the Executive to undertake pursuant to another statute. See, e.g., Nardone v. United States, 302 U.S. 379, 384 (1937) (federal statute proscribed government wiretapping).


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., B.
But the generally recognized public authority justification reflects that it would not make sense to attribute to Congress the intent to criminalize all covered activities undertaken by public officials in the legitimate exercise of their otherwise lawful authorities, even if Congress clearly intends to make those same actions a crime when committed by persons not acting pursuant to public authority. In some instances, therefore, the best interpretation of a criminal prohibition is that Congress intended to distinguish persons who are acting pursuant to public authority from those Who are not, even if the statute does not make that distinction express.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., B.
Cf. id. at 384 (federal criminal statutes should be construed to exclude authorized conduct of public officers where such a reading "would work obvious absurdity as, for example, the application of a speed law to a policeman pursuing a criminal or the driver of a fire engine responding to an alarm").


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., B.
The touchstone for the analysis whether section 1119 incorporates not only justifications generally, but also the public authority justification in particular, is the legislative intent underlying this statute. Here, the statute should be read to exclude from its prohibitory scope killings that are encompassed by traditional justifications, which include the public authority justification. The statutory incorporation of two other criminal statutes expressly referencing "unlawful" killings is one indication. See supra at 10-11. Moreover, there are no indications that Congress had a contrary intention.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., B.
Nothing in the text or legislative history of sections 1111-1113 of title 18 suggests that Congress intended to exclude the established public authority justification from those justifications that Congress otherwise must be understood to have imported through the use of the modifier "unlawful" in those statutes. Nor is there anything in the text or legislative history of section 1119 itself to suggest that Congress intended to abrogate or otherwise affect the availability of this traditional justification for killings. On the contrary, the relevant legislative materials indicate that, in enacting section 1119, Congress was merely closing a gap in a field dealing with entirely different kinds of conduct from that at issue here.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., B.
The Department thus concludes that section 1119 incorporates the public authority justification. This paper turns next to the question whether a lethal operation could be encompassed by that justification and, in particular, whether that justification would apply when the target is a U.S. citizen. The analysis here leads to the conclusion that it would.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
A lethal operation against an enemy leader undertaken in national self-defense or during an armed conflict that is authorized by an informed, high-level official and carried out in a manner that accords with applicable law of war principles would fall within a well established variant of the public authority justification and therefore would not be murder.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
See, e.g., 2 Paul H. Robinson,[Criminal Law Defenses § 148(a), at 208 (1984) (conduct that would violate a criminal statute is justified and thus not unlawful "[where the exercise of military authority relies upon the law governing the armed forces or upon the conduct of war"); 2 LaFave, Substantive Criminal Law § 10.2(c) at 136 ("another aspect of the public duty defense is where the conduct was required or authorized by 'the law governing the armed services or the lawful conduct of war'"); Perkins & Boyce,Criminal Law at 1093 (noting that a "typical instanceQ in which even the extreme act of taking human life is done by public authority" involves "the killing of an enemy as an act of war and within the rules of war").


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
The United States is currently in the midst of a congressionally authorized armed conflict with al-Qa'ida and associated forces, and may act in national self-defense to protect U.S. persons and interests who are under continual threat of violent attack by certain al-Q'aida operatives planning operations against them. The public authority justification would apply to a lethal operation of the kind discussed in this paper if it were conducted in accord with applicable law of war principles.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
As one legal commentator has explained, "if a soldier intentionally kills an enemy combatant in time of war and within the rules of warfare, he is not guilty of murder," whereas, for example, if that soldier intentionally kills a prisoner of war - a violation of the laws of war—"then he commits murder."


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
2 LaFave, Substantive Criminal Law § 10.2(c), at 136; see also State v. Gut, 13 Minn. 341, 357 (1868) ("That it is legal to kill an alien enemy in the heat and exercise of war, is undeniable; but to kill such an enemy after he has laid down his arms, and especially when he is confined in prison, is murder. "); Perkins & Boyce, Criminal Law at 1093 ("Even in time of war an alien enemy may not be killed needlessly after he has been disarmed and securely imprisoned....").


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
Moreover, without invoking the public authority justification by its terms, this Department's OLC has relied on the same notion in an opinion addressing the intended scope of a federal criminal statute that concerned the use of potentially lethal force.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
See United States Assistance to Countries that Shoot Down Civil Aircraft Involved in Drug Trafficking, 18 Op. O.L.C. 148, 164 (1994) (concluding that the Aircraft Sabotage Act of 1984, 18 U.S.C. § 32(b)(2) (2006), which prohibits the willful destruction of a civil aircraft and otherwise applies to U.S. government conduct, should not be construed to have "the surprising and almost certainly unintended effect of criminalizing actions by military personnel that are lawful under international law and the laws of armed conflict").


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
The fact that an operation may target a U.S. citizen does not alter this conclusion. As explained above, see supra at 3, the Supreme Court has held that the military may constitutionally use force against a U.S. citizen who is part of enemy forces.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
See Hamdi, 542 U.S. at 518 (plurality opinion); id. at 587, 597 (Thomas, J. dissenting); Ex parte Quirin, 317 U.S. at 37-38 ("Citizens who associate themselves with the military arm of the enemy government, and with its aid, guidance and direction enter [the United States] bent on hostile acts," may be treated as "enemy belligerents" under the law of war.). Similarly, under the Constitution and the inherent right to national self-defense recognized in international law, the President may authorize the use of force against a U.S. citizen who is a member of al-Qa'ida or its associated forces and who poses an imminent threat of violent attack against the United States.


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
In light of these precedents, the Department believes that the use of lethal force addressed in this white paper would constitute a lawful killing under the public authority doctrine if conducted in a manner consistent with the fundamental law of war principles governing the use of force in a non-intemational armed conflict. Such an operation would not violate the assassination ban in Executive Order No. 12333. Section 2.11 of Executive Order No. 12333 provides that "[n]o person employed by or acting on behalf of the United States Government shall engage in, or conspire to engage in, assassination." 46 Fed. Reg


020413 DOJ White Paper, III., C.
. 59,941,59, 952 (Dec. 4,1981). A lawful killing in self-defense is not an assassination. In the Department's view, a lethal operation conducted against a U.S. citizen whose conduct poses an imminent threat of violent attack against the United States would be a legitimate act of national self-defense that would not violate the assassination ban. Similarly, the use of lethal force, consistent with the laws of war, against an individual who is a legitimate military target would be lawful and would not violate the assassination ban.


020413 DOJ White Paper, IV.
The War Crimes Act, 18 U.S.C. § 2441 (2006) makes it a federal crime for a member of the Armed Forces or a national of the United States to "commit[] a war crime." Id. § 2441(a). The only potentially applicable provision of section 2441 to operations of the type discussed herein makes it a war crime to commit a "grave breach" of Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions when that breach is committed "in the context of and in association with an armed conflict not of an international character." Id. § 2441(c)(3).


020413 DOJ White Paper, IV.
As defined by the statute, a "grave breach" of Common Article 3 includes "[m]urder," described in pertinent part as "[t]he act of a person who intentionally kills, or conspires or attempts to kill... one or more persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including those placed out of combat by sickness, wounds, detention, or any other cause." Id. § 2441(d)(1)(D).


020413 DOJ White Paper, IV.
Whatever might be the outer bounds of this category of covered persons, Common Article 3 does not alter the fundamental law of war principle concerning a belligerent party's right in an armed conflict to target individuals who are part of an enemy's armed forces or eliminate a nation's authority to take legitimate action in national self-defense.


020413 DOJ White Paper, IV.
The language of Common Article 3 "makes clear that members of such armed forces [of both the state and non-state parties to the conflict]... are considered as 'taking no active part in the hostilities' only once they have disengaged from their fighting function ('have laid down their arms') or are placed hors de combat; mere suspension of combat is insufficient." International Committee of the Red Cross, Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities Under International Humanitarian Law 28 (2009). An operation against a senior operational leader of al-Qa'ida or its associated forces who poses an imminent threat of violent attack against the United States would target a person who is taking "an active part in hostilities" and therefore would not constitute a "grave breach" of Common Article 3


020413 DOJ White Paper, V.
In conclusion, it would be lawful for the United States to conduct a lethal operation outside the United States against a U.S. citizen who is a senior, operational leader of al-Qa'ida or an associated force of al-Qa'ida without violating the Constitution or the federal statutes discussed in this white paper under the following conditions: (1) an informed, high-level official of the U.S. government has determined that the targeted individual poses an imminent threat of violent attack against the United States; (2) capture is infeasible, and the United States continues to monitor whether capture becomes feasible; and (3) the operation is conducted in a manner consistent with the four fundamental principles of the laws of war governing the use of force.


020413 DOJ White Paper, V.
As stated earlier, this paper does not attempt to determine the minimum requirements necessary to render such an operation lawful, nor does it assess what might be required to render a lethal operation against a U.S. citizen lawful in other circumstances. It concludes only that the stated conditions would be sufficient to make lawful a lethal operation in a foreign country directed against a U.S. citizen with the characteristics described above.


02138
02138 was an independent magazine founded in 2006 by Bom Kim and Daniel Loss, later purchased by Atlantic Media (David Bradley); it featured graduates of Harvard University. The publication was, however, not actually affiliated with Harvard. The title refers to the ZIP code of Harvard University's main campus in Harvard Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts.


02138
The owners sold the magazine to the New York City publisher Manhattan Media in May 2008; in October, 2008, 02138 ceased publication.


03 (Urban Zakapa album)
03 is a Studio Album released by Urban Zakapa. The lead single is "Walk Backwards(Hangul: 거꾸로 걷는다)", Korean actress Yoon Seung-ah featured the music video. The bonus track only on CD edition "(Hangul: 그냥 조금)" appears on Korean TV Drama "Nine: Nine Time Travels", as 4th soundtrack.


03 Ajabshir Recruit Training Centre
Shahid Sarlashgar Sha'ban Barkhordari 03 Ajabshir Recruit Training Centre (Persian: مرکز آموزش ۰۳ شهید سرلشگر شعبان برخورداری عجب‌شیر), commonly known as Ajab Shir 03 Garrison (Persian: پادگان ۰۳ عجب شير – Pādegān-e Seh-ye ʿAjab Shīr) is a village and military installation in Dizajrud-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Ajab Shir County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2011 census, its population was 4719.


03 Greedo
Jason Jamal Jackson (born July 26, 1987), known professionally as 03 Greedo, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter and producer from the Watts neighborhood of the county of Los Angeles, California. He began to gain recognition for his Purple Summer mixtape series which started in 2016. He then saw more mainstream attention with the release of his mixtape, The Wolf of Grape Street. His debut studio album, God Level, was released on June 26, 2018.


03 Greedo
In July 2018, he was sentenced to 20 years in prison on drug trafficking and possession of a firearm charges, though he is eligible for release in five years with good behavior. Despite being in prison, he has remained prolific in releasing music.


03 Greedo, Early life
Jason Jamal Jackson was born in West Los Angeles, California, on July 26, 1987, to Michael and Lisa Jackson. In late 1988, when Jackson was only a year old, his father was killed in a motorcycle accident. This was shortly after his parents had purchased their home in Gardena, California, where Jackson was raised along with his brother and sister. He was the youngest of the three. Prior to his father's death, he and his family lived in Los Angeles near the Chester Washington Golf Course.


03 Greedo, Early life
As a toddler, he had a series of ear infections which resulted in a tympanostomy tube. At age 17, Jackson impregnated his girlfriend. He had  worked various retail jobs and sold his own beats in anticipation of supporting his only child – a daughter who was born after they turned 18 – and her mother. Soon after, he began to sell drugs to support his family. At around the age of 17, Jackson was kicked out of his home by his mother after she grew tired of his disrespectful behavior. He stayed with various friends, including his daughter's mother; he also spent a period of time homeless. He  moved to the Watts area of Los Angeles and later settled in the Jordan Downs Housing Projects in Watts.


03 Greedo, Career
Jackson initially used the alias Greedy Giddy, under which he self-produced six mixtapes including the Bipolar series, Everybody Weak, and Money, Powder, Regrets. His early career was heavily influenced by Southern rap with auto-tuned harmonics and melodic trap instrumentals. This early work is fragmented with a handful of recordings on DatPiff, Youtube, and Tumblr.


03 Greedo, Career
As Greedy Giddy, Jackson released numerous tracks to Soundcloud between 2014 and 2016. In 2016, Jackson changed his name to 03 Greedo and self-produced two mixtapes, Purple Summer and Purple Summer 2: Sun Don’t Shine. He also started his own label, Golden Grenade Empire, in 2016. In 2017 Jackson produced three mixtapes, Purple Summer 03: Purple Hearted Soldier, First Night Out, and Money Changes Everything. Co Signed Drop 3 Hot Young and coming rapper out of Tulsa OklahomaIn 2017 Jackson signed with Todd Moscowitz's Alamo Records for over a million-dollar contract. He released The Wolf of Grape Street in March 2018 on Alamo. A follow-up, God Level,  was released in late June of the same year.


03 Greedo, Career
The night before his sentencing, Jackson met with fellow rappers Smokepurpp, Lil Pump, Lil Uzi Vert and Desto Dubb to record material produced by Fizzle. One of these tracks, "Bankteller," was simultaneously released on September 25, 2018, by Desto Dubb (through his Soundcloud page), Uprise, as well as No Jumper (both through YouTube) and has since gained some traction through promotion by Desto Dubb, Lil Pump, and Adam22. Before turning himself into authorities, Jackson promised to make a vault of 30 albums, he then said he had finished over 3,000 songs before beginning his 20-year sentence.


03 Greedo, Career
On June 22, 2018, Jackson remixed his single "Never Bend" with fellow rapper Lil Uzi Vert.


03 Greedo, Career
On July 5, 2019, Jackson and Blink-182 drummer Travis Barker released a joint EP Meet the Drummers.


03 Greedo, Career
In September 2019, Jackson and Kenny Beats released a new album titled Netflix & Deal.


03 Greedo, Career
03 Greedo's eighth album, Load It Up Vol 01, was released on August 14, 2020. It was preceded by the single, "Drip Keep Going", featuring Key Glock.


03 Greedo, Personal life
One of Jackson's most distinctive features is the term "Living Legend" tattooed on his face.


03 Greedo, Personal life
In 2016, Jackson was arrested in Texas on drug trafficking and possession of a firearm charges. According to a police report, Potter County Sherriff deputies forced open his car's trunk after claiming to smell cannabis and found "four pounds of methamphetamine and two stolen pistols." Jackson originally faced a  sentence of 300 years for the charges. However, he  eventually took a plea deal and was sentenced to 20 years in prison, though he could be released in five years with good behavior. He began his sentence in the summer of 2018 and is imprisoned at the Middleton Unit. He was initially set to become eligible for parole in July 2020, but this was denied and he now has to wait until 2021 for his next hearing.


03/07–09/07
03/07–09/07 is a compilation release from Brooklyn indie band High Places. The album was released July 22, 2008.


030 (magazine)
030 (also known as [030] Magazin Berlin), is a free ad-supported German magazine from Berlin. Its name refers to the dialing code of the city. It was founded on 6 October 1994 and provides information about movies, concerts, parties, sports, and new media. It is distributed in bars, pubs and restaurants and is published every two weeks. The print run is 52,000 pieces. The [030] has belonged to Zitty Verlag GmbH from 2008 - 2015.


030 (magazine)
Since January 2016, the [030] Magazin Homepage had an online relaunch. The publisher and editors have been located in Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg.


0304
0304 is the fifth studio album by American singer Jewel. It was released on June 3, 2003, by Atlantic Records. Inspired by the sudden success of scoring a number one on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart with "Serve the Ego"—the final single from her previous album, This Way—in early November 2002, Jewel decided to make a radical departure from her previous folk-oriented musical efforts and recorded a dance album.


0304, Background
Within the liner notes to 0304, Jewel includes a note to her fans, explaining, "This album may seem different to you." According to Jewel, the album is a result of her desire to create a "modern interpretation of big band music. A record that [is] lyric-driven, like Cole Porter stuff, that also has a lot of swing...that combined dance, urban, and folk music." For the album, Jewel teamed with producers Lester Mendez (Shakira, Enrique Iglesias) and Rick Nowels (Madonna).


0304, Critical reception
0304 received generally positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 63, based on nine reviews. Stephen Thomas Erlewine from AllMusic stated that "it's the first album of hers that's a sheer pleasure to hear", while noting "[she] includes a note to her fans, explaining, 'This album may seem different to you,' which is putting it mildly", to convey the surprising, yet pleasing modern sound.


0304, Critical reception
Erlewine also wrote that "she puts herself out on the line more than she ever has, and she's come up with her best record, with her best set of songs and best music yet." Ron Slomowicz from About.com declared that "the album is balanced by dance pop that you would expect to hear on a Britney album." Sal Cinquemani from Slant Magazine was also positive, writing that "the album breaks little musical ground and is, in fact, more pop than electronica, but it also presents one of the most startling—yet oddly fitting—transformations in pop history."


0304, Critical reception
Cinquemani also compared the album to Madonna's Ray of Light (1998) and American Life (2003). Barry Walters from Rolling Stone agreed with Cinquemani and wrote that the album "is essentially a wanna-be version of Madonna's American Life." Walters also wrote that "she's found herself an artificial flavor that tastes good." A positive review also came from Uncut, who wrote that "the tunes are stunning, her voice has never sounded better and she makes serious points few others would dare in a pop context." Brian Hiatt from Entertainment Weekly opined that the "unexpected dance-pop vibrancy makes it Jewel's best album."


0304, Critical reception
The album also received some mixed reviews, with some critics criticizing the change of style adopted on the album. Alexis Petridis from The Guardian wrote, "Like Robbie Williams's Escapology, 0304 virtually knocks itself out in its attempts to win over the US public", while commenting that she looks "desperate" and "uncomfortable" on the album. Darryl Sterdan from Jam! said that the album "isn't going to save her soul—or anyone else's." Caroline Bansal from musicOMH described the album as "an enjoyable 54 minutes of pop, full of catchy, chirpy songs, proving Jewel's ear candy as well as eye candy credentials. The album could be the soundtrack of a summer's day at the beach, or for getting ready for a girly night out."


0304, Commercial performance
0304 became the highest-debuting album of Jewel's career, entering the Billboard 200 at number two (behind Metallica's St. Anger) with 144,000 copies sold in its first week. It earned a gold certification from Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) one month after its release, on July 14, 2003, and had sold over 771,000 copies in the United States as of June 2010.


0304, Track listing
All lyrics are written by Jewel Kilcher; all music is composed by Kilcher and Lester Mendez, except where noted.


032 Military Unit
The 032 Separate Commandant's Battalion named after Colonel General Jamsrangijn Jondon, known simply as the 032 Military Unit (Mongolian: Зэвсэгт хүчний 032 дугаар анги) is a military unit of the Armed Forces of Mongolia. The unit takes part in the peacetime protection of the capital, with its main task being of law enforcement and to continuously organize daily activities, military supplies and services.


032 Military Unit
It was formed in 1924 after the Mongolian People's Republic was established three years earlier. It was named the Ulaanbaatar City Commandant. The unit in its current form was established on 16 August 1955 in accordance with directive No. 057 of Lieutenant General Sanjiin Bataa from the Mongolian People's Army. The composition of the battalion includes the following units: Mongolian State Honor Guard, Military Police Company and Special Forces Company.


032 Military Unit
The honor guard company is involved in both the welcoming and seeing off of foreign state during their official visits to Mongolia, which is among a large number of other diverse events. The military police and special forces companies are entrusted with the task of protecting strategic facilities and ensuring public safety in the capital. In 2013, it was the winner of an inter-military contest called "Mongolia Military Glory". On its golden jubilee in 1974, it was awarded the Order of Merit by the People's Great Khural.


032 Military Unit
On 2 October 2019, Mongolian President Khaltmaagiin Battulga issued a decree awarding the unit with the Order of the Red Banner of Merit. The presentation of the award was conducted by Chief of the Presidential Office, who then gave a welcoming speech on behalf of Battulga. In 2020, T. Ganbold, a senior lieutenant in the unit, served as the flag bearer for the Mongolian contingent during the 2020 Moscow Victory Day Parade on Red Square.


032c
032c magazine is a bi-annual, English-language contemporary culture magazine that covers art, fashion, and politics. It was founded in 2001 by Joerg Koch and is published in Berlin.


032c, History
The magazine was founded in Berlin in 2001 by Joerg Koch, a freelance journalist who had previously run a gallery, and Sandra von Mayer-Myrtenhain. It was originally created as a way to win attention for the domain 032c.com. The original cover featured a giant red square, a reference to the bold color in the Pantone Matching System for which the publication is named.


032c, Reception
032c has received acclaim for its design and was awarded one of Germany's Lead Awards for National Visual Lead Magazine in 2006. The magazine's new design layout in 2007 became a hotly debated issue in the fashion and media world. 032c was awarded the German media award Lead Magazine of the Year in 2008. Its fashion editorials have been awarded Lead Mood and Fashion Photography awards in 2014 and 2015.


033
033 or Zero Three Three is a 2010 Bengali film directed by Birsa Dasgupta in a directorial debut and produced by Moxie Entertainments. It stars Rudranil Ghosh and Parambrato Chattopadhyay.


033
033 is the STD code for Kolkata city, and the story is based on the theme of increasing youth migration outside Kolkata for career opportunities.


033, Soundtrack
The soundtrack's music director is Chandrabindoo (band) and the lyrics are penned by Srijato.


03:34: Earthquake in Chile
03:34: Earthquake in Chile (Spanish: 03:34: Terremoto en Chile) is a Chilean film directed by Juan Pablo Ternicier, and written by Mateo Iribarren, which will narrate three different stories, based on the 2010 Chile earthquake.


03:34: Earthquake in Chile
The movie premiered in the town of Dichato, in the Biobío Region, on February 27, 2011, exactly a year after the catastrophe, and will be released to the rest of Chile on March 3. The first teaser of 03:34 appeared in the Internet on January 17, 2011.


03:34: Earthquake in Chile
Filming began in November 2010, in the same places that the catastrophe occurred, with the support of the National Council of Culture and the Arts, and Carabineros de Chile, who helped with the recording in the affected zones. The movie had a budget of 1.4 million US dollars, and all money grossed by the movie will be given for the construction of schools in the most affected coastal zones.


03:34: Earthquake in Chile
In January 2012, the film was selected to be preserved in the Library of the Congress of the United States catalog.


03:34: Earthquake in Chile, Plot
The movie shows three stories of people that was affected by the disaster.


03:34: Earthquake in Chile, Plot
The first of them, shows a woman (Andrea Freund) that goes from Pichilemu, O'Higgins Region, to the devastated town of Dichato, Biobío Region, as her sons were there spending their vacations there with Manuel (Marcelo Alonso), their father.


03:34: Earthquake in Chile, Plot
The second story shows the experience of a convict (Fernando Gómez-Revira), who escapes from the Chillán Prison to Concepción, as his daughter was in the Alto Río building, which collapsed during the earthquake.


03:34: Earthquake in Chile, Plot
The third story is developed in Dichato, where a group of young people (Loreto Aravena, Eduardo Paxeco, and Andrés Reyes), while enjoying their last day of vacations in a party, experience the strong movement and tsunami that annihilates the place.


04 (Six by Seven album)
04 is the fourth album by English indie rock band Six by Seven. It was released in 2004, and the first on their own Saturday Night Sunday Morning Records label after being released from Beggars Banquet Records. It was also their first after bass player Paul Douglas left the band and found them trying to capture their sound – which had been recorded live in the studio on The Way I Feel Today – as a three-piece.


04 (Urban Zakapa album)
04 is the fourth studio album by South Korean trio, Urban Zakapa, consisting of 9 tracks. The album was released on November 4, 2014.


04 (Urban Zakapa album), Background and release
Fluxus Music announced the group's fourth studio album in October 2014, releasing a 36-second teaser video on October 30. A pre-released track titled "Consolation" had its music video released a day before the album, which was released on November 4. The album contains 9 tracks, including the song "Like A Bird" which was released in May as a single. The album's title track, "Self-hatred", also had its music video released on November 7. It features actor Goo Won.


04 (Urban Zakapa album), Background and release
"Consolation" and "Self-Hatred" ranked at 21 and 69 on the Gaon Singles Chart respectively on the first week of the album's release.


04092001
04092001 is a collaborative live album between Japanese experimental metal band Boris and noise musician Merzbow. Although no track listing is provided on the cover, the recording clearly consists of five songs from Heavy Rocks.


05 Fuck Em
05 Fuck Em is a mixtape by American rapper Lil B. It was independently released on December 24, 2013, through Lil B's own record label, BasedWorld Records. Intended to be spread across six discs, the mixtape is  the longest mixtape release by Lil B which is not a compilation - longer compilation mixtapes include the 676-track Free Music: The Complete MySpace Collection (2011) and 855 Song Based Freestyle Mixtape (2012). The mixtape verges on nearly six hours with 101 tracks.


05 Fuck Em, Background and music
The mixtape adopts eclectic production styles and further explores the music genres that Lil B experimented with in his career, including cloud rap, hyphy, trap and rap rock. The mixtape also features use of various samples. At least four tracks use samples from The Diplomats album, Diplomatic Immunity and the track "Lil B" uses the beat from LL Cool J's 1999 FUBU commercial song "Fatty Girl."


05 Fuck Em, Background and music
The track, "Im the Rap God", features Lil B rapping over the instrumental version of System of a Down's 2001 song, "Toxicity", which was described as  "a drunken-style karaoke freestyle" and "your friend's blunt-smoking roommate doing an impression of MC Ride on the choruses." The track, "G.O.R. (God of Rap)" lasts for ten minutes and starts with a sample from 1991 film Barton Fink, accompanied by  atmospheric guitar and drum beat, before evolving into a sample by symphonic metal band Nightwish. "Twurk Sum" contains an interpolation of "Homelife is a Drag" by punk band No-Cash. The song "Im Gunna Be a Doctor" uses a sample from Twista's 2003 song, "Slow Jamz", which was produced by Kanye West.


05 Fuck Em, Background and music
Production on the album was handled by a range of people, including longtime collaborators like Keyboard Kid & Lou Pocus, as well as up and comers such as Drip-133, DO$AGE, Neros Beats & Joshrefe. The mixtape even features a track produced by Larry Fisherman aka Mac Miller.


05 Fuck Em, Background and music
The lyrics of the song range from confessionals, free associations, motivational speeches, and uncensored sex talk. The themes include brooding, anger at the prison industrial complex, and emotional conflicts.


05 Fuck Em, Critical reception
The album generally received mixed to positive reviews from music critics. Consequence of Sound reviewer Pat Levy described the album as "complete and complex piece of work that Lil B has produced to date" and wrote that it "showcases his ability to maneuver his persona over a number of different production styles." Nevertheless, he also stated: "Maybe his 'Control Response' is far-fetched for his talents, but it's not like he's struggling for relevance." Christopher R. Weingarten of Rolling Stone described the album as "his grandest gesture yet." He commented that "the mixtape reaches the highest highs of the best Lil B songs," while criticizing the "id-fueled" sexual fantasies, which he thought "end up stealing the spotlight from an album that's at its best when showing its sensitive core."


05 Fuck Em, Production credits
Tracks 12 (Second Part) & 53 produced by Neros Beats


05 Fuck Em, Production credits
Track 33 produced by JGramm Beats ("Upper Echelon" by Travis Scott)


05 Fuck Em, Production credits
Track 48 produced by Kanye West ("Slow Jamz" by Kanye West & Twista)


05 Fuck Em, Production credits
Track 69 produced by Kanye West ("Dip-Set Forever" by Cam'ron)


05 Fuck Em, Production credits
Track 93 produced by DJ Devastator ("Where Was Heaven" by Wu-Syndicate)


05/03
05/03 is the debut live EP by English rock and blues band 22-20s. The EP was recorded in May 2003 and released on September 30, 2003.


055 Brigade
The 055 Brigade (or 55th Arab Brigade) was a guerrilla organization sponsored and trained by Al Qaeda that was integrated into the Taliban army between 1995 and 2001.


055 Brigade, Composition and role
The unit consisted mostly of foreign guerrilla fighters (Mujahideen) from the Middle East, Central Asia, and Southeast Asia who had some form of combat experience, either fighting the Soviet invasion during the 1980s or elsewhere.


055 Brigade, Composition and role
They were equipped with weapons left behind by the Soviets, as well as those provided by the Sudanese and Taliban governments. The Brigade was also the beneficiary of Al Qaeda's worldwide network of procurement officers who obtained sophisticated equipment including satellite phones, night vision goggles, and even airplanes. Reports from Time magazine indicate that members of the 055 Brigade were often deployed in smaller groups to help reinforce regular Afghan members of the Taliban. This was often achieved via threats or intimidation designed to enforce discipline and a commitment to the mujahedin philosophy.


055 Brigade, Composition and role
The elite international group was made up of Arab mercenaries, and it was a small unit of highly trained, highly motivated and well-paid guerrilla fighters set up by Osama Bin Laden shortly after he arrived in Afghanistan in 1996. When Bin Laden sought sanctuary in Afghanistan, other Arab-Afghans joined him. The 055 brigade was set up as a foreign legion to drive ahead with the vision, shared by Bin Laden and the Taliban hardline regime, of a global Islamist revolution. About 100 members served as Bin Laden's personal security detail.


055 Brigade, Composition and role
Before the Coalition invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, it has been based and trained at Rishikor, a former Afghan army base outside Kabul. They had no heavy artillery or heavy weapons, and it was believed to be equipped with sophisticated western communications equipment and night vision goggles. Some military sources said they had a collection of small mobile units which has been used to back up Taliban fighters on the frontlines of the civil war. The group was not organised along traditional army structures and borrowed brigade names from the former Afghan army.


055 Brigade, Size
Estimates on the strength of the 055 Brigade vary, however, it is generally believed that at its peak it comprised somewhere between 1,000 and 2,000 personnel. During the invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, they had at least 500 men; The 055 Brigade suffered heavy losses during the 2001 war in Afghanistan and many were captured by the United States. Those that survived retreated with Osama bin Laden to the Afghanistan–Pakistan border area where they regrouped with the intention of waging a protracted campaign.


055 Brigade, Size
According to Joint Task Force Guantanamo counter-terrorism analysts the brigade was a unit of foreign fighters in Afghanistan under the command of Osama bin Laden. JTF-GTMO analysts said that, under bin Laden's command, the 55th Arab Brigade was integrated into the Taliban's military. Abdul Hadi al-Iraqi was asserted to be in direct operational control. Mustafa Mohamed Fadhil was his second-in-command.


055 Brigade, Size
A Summary of Evidence memo prepared for Guantanamo captive Said Ibrahim Ramzi Al Zahrani's first annual Administrative Review Board, on 14 October 2005 stated, "The al Qaida Force, or 55th Arab Brigade, is Osama bin Laden's primary formation supporting Taliban objectives. Information indicates that the ideology of those in the 55th Arab Brigade includes willingness to give their lives for tactical objectives as declared by Osama bin Laden and the Taliban."


055 Brigade, Size
According to the 2005 book Warlords Rising: Confronting Violent Non-State Actors, the 55th Arab Brigade was a mechanized unit.


055 Brigade, History
The 055 Brigade was founded by Bin Laden in Afghanistan in 1996. The force had close contacts with militant groups fighting against Indian security forces in Kashmir and with Islamist organisations trying to foment a revolt in Central Asia, particularly the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan. There were rumours in the weeks before the September 11 attacks that Juma Namangani, had been appointed as one of the top commanders in the 055 brigade.


055 Brigade, History
Most members are volunteers from Chechnya, Pakistan, Bosnia, China and Uzbekistan, who are veterans of battles in their own home nations or the Soviet war in Afghanistan and primarily led by Egyptian and Saudi revolutionaries.


055 Brigade, History
Since at least 1998, the Brigade was used to back up Taliban attacks during the Afghan Civil War: One of their first reported action inside Afghanistan was in 1998 when 055 fighters were used in the battle to capture Mazar-i Sharif. In July 1999 in they took part in the battle for Bamiyan and they were also believed to be behind a string of civilian massacres of the Shia population nearby in Hazarajat, including one attack in early 2001, in which more than 200 people died. On September 5, 2000, 055 fighters were used as part of the 20,000-strong Taliban force which took Taloqan. The loss of the city was one of the biggest setbacks to the Northern Alliance in recent years, which was where their administrative headquarters was located.


055 Brigade, History
The 055 fighters were 3,000 Arabs who were believed to have sought sanctuary in Afghanistan. At least 1,000 more Arabs were believed to have arrived in Afghanistan after the September 11, 2001 Attacks, crossing over from Pakistan and Iran. Many were based at Jalalabad, Khost, Kandahar and Mazar-i Sharif.


055 Brigade, History
In the initial airstrikes during the coalition invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, a garrison of 055 Brigade fighters near Mazar-i-Sharif was one of the first targets for US aircraft. The US defence secretary Donald Rumsfeld described the troops as "the al-Qaida-dominated ground force". The units tended to be much better motivated than regular Taliban soldiers and regarded as better fighters than the Afghans. They were used to "give backbone" to the fight and prevent defections. Some 055 Brigade members escaped with as many as several hundred al-Qaeda during the Battle of Tora Bora.


055 Brigade, History
According to the Long War Journal, the 055 Brigade had been reestablished as part of the Taliban's Lashkar al Zil or 'Shadow Army.'


05:22:09:12 Off
05:22:09:12 Off is an album by industrial/EBM group Front 242. It was released by Sony on 2 November 1993. The album's title is a simple substitution cipher for the word "evil"; where each letter is represented by its equivalent numerical position in the alphabet.


05:22:09:12 Off
The album was unusual in that it primarily features a female voice, that of Christine "99" Kowalski, on vocals, with Jean-Luc De Meyer only appearing on a few tracks.


06/05
06/05, called May 6th in most English-speaking countries, is a Dutch 2004 film directed by Theo van Gogh, based on the novel De Zesde Mei by Tomas Ross.


06/05
The film is a fictional version of the events that led to the assassination of the Dutch politician Pim Fortuyn on 6 May 2002. The lines between reality and fiction are blurred in 06/05. It is the last film of Theo van Gogh, who was himself assassinated in 2004.


06/05
Theo van Gogh struck a deal with Dutch internet provider Tiscali over the film's finances. The movie was originally released in December 2004 on the internet, a situation that had never before been seen in the Netherlands; it could be watched via pay-on-demand. It was released in cinemas one month later, in January 2005.


061502
061502 is a live concert DVD of Botch's final show at The Showbox in Seattle. It contains two discs, one for the Concert DVD consisting of 14 songs with a bonus commentary, and a video for "Saint Matthew Returns To The Womb", and other bonuses. The second disc is a CD containing the audio version of the DVD. The set was released on vinyl in 2016.


06:21:03:11 Up Evil
06:21:03:11 Up Evil is an album by Front 242, released in 1993.


06:21:03:11 Up Evil, Album Title
Utilising a simple alphanumeric conversion from numbers to letters, i.e. 1=A, 2=B, 3=C, ..., 26=Z, the title can be interpreted as:


06:21:03:11 Up Evil, Album Title
Which gives a full album title of Fuck Up Evil.


06:21:03:11 Up Evil, Critical reception
Trouser Press called the album "strong but not striking," and preferred 05:22:09:12 Off. Entertainment Weekly called it "a tad ambitious," writing that "this aural exorcist is more gripping than previous efforts."


07 (album)
07 is the sixth studio album by Croatian recording artist Nina Badrić, released in 2007 by Aquarius Records.


07 Seconds or Less
:07 Seconds or Less: My Season on the Bench with the Runnin' and Gunnin' Phoenix Suns is a book written by Jack McCallum about the Phoenix Suns' 2005–06 NBA season. It gives an inside look about the NBA team and its players, including Steve Nash and Shawn Marion, as well as the head coach, Mike D'Antoni, and his assistants.


07 Seconds or Less
The author of the book, Jack McCallum, joined Sports Illustrated in 1981 and became the chief NBA writer in 1985.


07 Vestur
07 Vestur is a Faroese football club, which was founded in 2007. It is located in Sandavágur and Sørvágur on Vágar island.


07 Vestur, History
The club was founded 18 December 1993 as FS Vágar. It was a merger of Vágar island teams MB Miðvágur and SÍF Sandavágur in order to increase the footballing standard of this part of the Faroe Islands. SÍ Sørvágur, also located on Vágar, joined the club in 1998. Soon, the newly founded club promoted to the national top league which, at that point in 1995, was called 1. deild. Unfortunately, the team was not able to permanently secure a top-tier spot over the years. In 2003, FS Vágar was relegated for good. Soon after that, the alliance between the three founding clubs began to crumble, and FS Vágar was eventually disbanded in the fall of 2004.


07 Vestur, History
Despite the controversy, many people wanted to keep the club alive or, if this was not possible, found another club. So, on 8 November 2004, the club was re-founded as FS Vágar 2004 (FSV04). In fall 2007, talks about a merger between FSV04 and SÍ Sørvágur, one of the members of the first incarnation of the club, started and were successfully concluded on 6 November 2007. The club was renamed 07 Vestur, shortly afterwards. The new name refers both to the founding year of the new club and the location of Vágar island, which is approximately 7° W.


07 Vestur, History
The club currently maintains two men's teams and also a women's team. In 2009, the men's first team played in the Faroe Islands Premier League, but they were relegated and played in 1. deild in 2010. They won 1. deild and were promoted to the Premier League; in 2011, they were playing in the Premier League of Faroese football, but again they remained there for only one season, they ended as 9th with 24 points and got relegated to 1. deild. The first-team gained promotion to Effodeildin in 2012 after winning 1. deild with 68 points. In 2013, the team was relegated to 1. deild again and played there until they were promoted again after the 2016 season.


07 Vestur, Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.


07 zgłoś się
07 zgłoś się (07 Come In) was a popular Polish criminal television series broadcast on TVP i from November 25, 1976 to May 25, 1989. The series consists of twenty-one 50- to 100-minute episodes, divided into five seasons – filmed in 1976, 1978, 1981, 1984 and 1987, respectively. It combines elements of action film and police procedural genres.


07 zgłoś się
Directed by Krzysztof Szmagier, it centers on the investigations of Police (Milicja Obywatelska) Lieutenant Sławomir Borewicz (played by Bronisław Cieślak). Each episode features a different case being solved by Lieutenant Borewicz. The series was loosely based on a novel series Ewa wzywa 07 (Ewa calls 07). The title of both the novels and the TV series refers to "Zero-Seven", a police radio call-sign used by Borewicz. The show shared a number of similarities, and one complete storyline, with the comic book series Kapitan Żbik (Captain Żbik).


07 zgłoś się
The theme tune was written by Polish composer Wlodzimierz Korcz, who also scored the show. Later seasons also used additional themes, composed by Andrzej Korzyński.


07 zgłoś się
Despite being widely considered a work of propaganda aimed at warming the image of "Citizen's Militia", the series proved highly popular in Poland and even gained a cult following. Critics consider it "one of the biggest achievements of Polish crime drama" the "raw and realist response to Bond", and "the most popular Polish police series ever".


07 zgłoś się
In 2012, the screenplays used for the show were adapted as a series of e-books by director Krzysztof Szmagier.


07-Ghost
07 -Ghost (セブンゴースト, Sebun Gōsuto) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yuki Amemiya and Yukino Ichihara. It is set in a fantasy world with different laws, kingdoms, gods and magic. It was serialized in Monthly Comic Zero Sum, a josei manga magazine published monthly by Ichijinsha. Seventeen bound volumes have been released by the publisher. The manga was originally licensed by Go! Comi for release in North America, but they stopped publishing in October 2009 and Viz Media has since picked up the license for the series. The series has been adapted into a drama CD and an anime television series from Studio Deen, which debuted in April 2009. 07 -Ghost won a double-first prize in the third Zero-Sum Comics Grand-Prix, meaning it was chosen for first place by both readers and editors.


07-Ghost, Plot
Teito Klein is a former slave who now attends the Barsburg Empire's military academy due to his ability to use a rare and highly prized type of supernatural force known as Zaiphon.


07-Ghost, Plot
Teito is an amnesiac who frequently has frightening dreams. The night before the graduation exam, Teito and his only friend, Mikage, vow they will never abandon each other. The next day, Teito overhears people talking about him. Stopping to listen, he suddenly realizes that the speaker, Chief of Staff Ayanami, is the person who killed the familiar man in his dreams: His father, the king of the destroyed Raggs Kingdom. Teito is caught eavesdropping and tries to attack Ayanami but is quickly brought down by one of his subordinates and sent to prison.


07-Ghost, Plot
Mikage comes to help him escape, only to find that Teito has managed to fight past the guards all by himself. The two flee the building, but are cornered on a balcony. Teito pretends to hold Mikage hostage, then makes his escape, though he is wounded by a Zaiphon blast that Ayanami directs at him. Three bishops in the nearby 7th District discover the injured Teito and take him to a nearby church to recuperate, where he's protected because of the 7th District's law of sanctuary.


07-Ghost, Plot
In due time, it is discovered that Teito carries the Eye of Mikhail, a powerful talisman for which his home country was destroyed. This fact, as well as a fateful reunion, catapults Teito into a quest for revenge against the Barsburg Empire and for knowledge about his past. At the same time, his status as the bearer of the Eye of Mikhail throws him into the long-standing conflict with the evil Verloren and his enemies, the 07 Ghosts.


07-Ghost, Setting
The book is set in the midst of the Barsburg Empire, which is divided into seven districts, each with its own cities, rulers, and culture.


07-Ghost, Setting, Zaiphon
Zaiphon is the "magic" of 07-Ghosts world, the ability to convert life energy into various forms of power and is the force which keeps the continent afloat in the sky. Zaiphon is controlled by converting strong emotions into power, often taking the shape of words, though people may use weapons to channel said energy. Those who have the ability to use Zaiphon are rare and thought of as having been blessed by God. Every user's capabilities are different, and in many cases, reflect their nature. Zaiphon is generally categorized into three types:


07-Ghost, Setting, Zaiphon
It is possible for a person to use more than one version of Zaiphon; however, people who can successfully do so are few and far between.


07-Ghost, Setting, Zaiphon
There are a variety of weapons used to manipulate Zaiphon, one of these being the bascule. With the bascule, people can channel their Zaiphon and use it for several purposes. Different types of Zaiphon have different effects when used through a bascule: those with healing Zaiphon cannot directly attack a Kor, but they can restrict and remove Kor from afflicted people, and those with offensive Zaiphon can directly attack a Kor.


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
According to a centuries-old myth, the God of Death, Verloren (Dutch or German for Lost), 'killed' the daughter of the Chief of Heaven and was forced to escape to the earth. In retribution, Verloren invaded the hearts of the people, who slipped into despair. Lamenting over the people's suffering, the Chief of Heaven dispatched seven heavenly lights in order to punish Verloren. Called the "Seven Ghosts", they are said to have sealed Verloren on the earth and served forevermore as the guardians of the Empire. Mothers often tell their children that if they are naughty, the Seven Ghosts will come to take them away.


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
Though Verloren has been sealed away in Pandora's Box for over 1000 years, his messengers, the Kor, find and contact humans to bring them under his influence. If a contract is made, a mark appears on the person's chest. This is known as "Verloren's curse", and it indicates one's heart has been consumed by darkness. One of the duties of the "07-Ghosts" is to fight against Verloren and his curse and stop contracts from being fulfilled. Only the Bishops can remove Verloren's curse.


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
The 07-Ghosts are embodied in humans with such extraordinary Zaiphon abilities that they are considered to be blessed by God. They were originally fragments of Verloren, and they were sent down to the earth by the Chief of Heaven in order to stop Verloren. Each of the 07-Ghosts has died in his previous life, and they all retain their memories of their past lives. Frau, Castor, Labrador, Fea Kreuz and Lance have been revealed to be Ghosts thus far; all of them have the mark of their Ghosts on their hands. The Ghosts' names are Zehel, Fest, Prophet, Landkarte, Reliquie (or Relikt), Eher and Vertrag, all of which have Dutch or German origins. Each of the Ghosts has a specific power:


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
Zehel – 斬魂 "The Cutting Spirit" (Frau; the Ghost who severs bonds)


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
Fest – 繋魂 "The Tying Spirit" (Castor; the Ghost who binds souls together)


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
Profe – 言魂 "The Speaking Spirit" (Labrador; the Ghost who prophesies)


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
Reliquie/Relikt – 遺魂 "The Bequeathing Spirit" (Lance; the Ghost who sees one's past)


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
Vertrag – 契魂 "The Pledging Spirit" (Fea Kreuz; the Ghost who manipulates souls)


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
Landkarte – 消魂 "The Extinguishing Spirit" (Katsuragi; the Ghost who sent something or himself away to a certain place)


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
Ea – 醒魂 "The Awaking Spirit" (Kal; the Ghost who assigns numbers to every soul in the world and determines their destination after death)


07-Ghost, Setting, 07-Ghosts and Verloren
Some editions may translate the Ghosts name wrong. Since all their names come from German, the names have a meaning in this language, and are not just a name. For example, it is common to see the name "Randkalt" ("Rand" meaning "Edge" whilst "Kalt" means "Cold") making the name meaningless. On the other hand, the name "Landkarte" means "Map", which corresponds with Landkarte's ability. The same happens with the Ghosts Reliquie/Rilikt and Ea, which are not German words.


07-Ghost, Setting, The Three Wishes
When a person is given a life from the Chief of the Heavens, they choose three dreams to complete over the course of their lifetime. When all the dreams are granted, their souls will be called back to the Chief and be reincarnated. However, when people are born they do not remember the dreams they chose, and finding out the dreams is supposedly the joy of life.


07-Ghost, Setting, The Three Wishes
There are evil beings who want to interfere with this process; among them are Verloren's messengers, the Kor, who steal dreams and drag humans into darkness. When a human's first dream is granted by a Kor, the person's heart becomes unstable and unable to be satisfied no matter what he or she does. When the second dream is granted, the person falls into a state of starvation or addiction. When the third dream is granted, the soul has indulged in too much darkness and becomes forever unable to return to the Chief of Heaven. The Kor then takes the body; a possessed body with all three dreams fulfilled by the Kor is called a Wars (warusa means "evil" in Japanese), and they serve Verloren. A dark magician who can control the Wars is called a Warsfeil.


07-Ghost, Setting, The Three Wishes
It is the duty of the church to protect people from the Kor, because the feeling of addiction is very difficult to remove. There are cases when a Kor may grant a wish that is not one of the three dreams, but it upsets the equilibrium and the Kor may be punished for it.


07-Ghost, Setting, The Eyes of Mikhail and Raphael
The Eyes of Mikhail and Raphael are a set of holy stones that can be embedded into the body, allowing the Archangels Mikhail and Raphael to descend into a host's body for a limited time. They are undetectable until they possess their host's body, whereupon the stone appears in the host's hand, the host's eye color changes, and they become able to wield godlike powers with Zaiphon. Before the storyline of "07-Ghost," the royal family of the Kingdom of Raggs held the Eye of Mikhail and the Barsburg Empire held the Eye of Raphael. A pact was established between both countries never to seize the other Eye; however, the Barsburg Empire broke this pact ten years prior to the storyline.


07-Ghost, Setting, The Eyes of Mikhail and Raphael
The Eyes' full usages are unknown; however, thus far, the Eye of Mikhail has been used to seal Verloren's original body in Pandora's Box, and the Eye of Raphael has been said to be able to reincarnate Verloren's soul in human bodies.


07-Ghost, Setting, Style
The overall style for 07-Ghost fits into the fantasy manga genre. Although the plot is serious, there is a lot of comic relief, giving the story a more lighthearted tone. The characters are all complex, varied and entertaining, and the story is extremely emotional. It is often disputed as to whether it is a shōnen or shōjo manga, since it has qualities that appeal to both demographics.


07-Ghost, Setting, Style
"Character designs tend towards the bishōnen type. Even within our circle of bishops, [there's] the naughty rebel, the eyeglass character, and the lolishouta type. Despite the angst filled and mysterious storyline, the manga also includes quite a bit of humor from Teito's and Mikage's horseplay and our three bishops' quirks, and chibis and deformed expressions are used for these scenes."


07-Ghost, Media, Manga
07 -Ghost was serialized in the shōjo manga magazine Monthly Comic Zero Sum published by Ichijinsha. 17 volumes have been released. It was licensed in North America by Go!Comi, who published the first few volumes before they stopped publishing in October 2009. Viz Media has since licensed the series; the first volume of their version of the series was released 13 November 2012.


07-Ghost, Media, Drama CD
The first drama CD, Kamisama ni Todoku Koibumi, was released in 2007. It features many of the same voice actors that will be reprising their roles for the anime. A second drama CD was released in February 2009 entitled "The Day of Retribution". The second drama CD features the same voice cast for the previous CD and the anime, and a bonus track of the cast's comments and a specially drawn cover by the manga artist. In October the same year, another drama CD was released, titled "The Top News Headlines". Another drama CD was released in 2009.


07-Ghost, Media, Drama CD
Limited edition DVDs have been released since autumn 2009. Thirteen mini-dramas are included in these DVDs. The first mini-drama features Teito and Mikage, the second Teito and Frau, the third Teito and Ayanami, the fourth Teito and Hakuren, the fifth Hyuuga and Konatsu, the sixth Castor and Labrador, the seventh Kuroyuri and Haruse, the eighth Frau and Castor, the ninth Katsuragi and Konatsu, the tenth Frau and Razette, the eleventh King Kromm and his brother, the twelfth Hakuren and Shuri, the thirteenth Teito and Buryupa.


07-Ghost, Media, Anime
07 -Ghost has been adapted into an anime by Studio Deen. Directed by Nobuhiro Takamoto, the anime premiered on Chiba TV on 7 April 2009, and ran for 25 episodes until 22 September 2009. Two pieces of theme music are used; Aka no Kakera by Yuki Suzuki is the opening theme, while Hitomi no Kotae by Noria is the ending theme. The song "Raggs no Chinkonka" by Noria is used as an insert song in episodes 20 and 25. The anime has been licensed by Discotek Media.


07-Ghost, Reception
The seventh volume of  '07-Ghost was ranked 23rd on the Tohan charts between 26 November and 2 December 2008. Sakura Eries from Mania.com comments that the manga contains "supernatural shōnen action title with a complex plot" and "emotional moments between Teito and Mikage" for shōjo readers. The 9th Volume was ranked 13th on Oricon Manga Ranking charts between 23 and 29 November. The 10th Volume debuted at number 10 on Oricon Manga Ranking charts. The anime also has a user rating of 7 / 10 stars on IMDb out of 390 ratings.


070 Shake
Danielle Balbuena (born June 13, 1997), better known by her stage name 070 Shake, is an American hip hop recording artist. 070 Shake is a part of the musical collective 070, who have released a mixtape together titled The 070 Project: Chapter 1 (2016). Shake released her debut extended play, Glitter, in March 2018.


070 Shake
In 2018, 070 Shake gained attention for her guest appearances and involvement with Kanye West's production work in Wyoming, featuring on songs "Ghost Town" and "Violent Crimes" from West's album Ye, as well as appearing on Pusha T's Daytona and Nas' Nasir. Shake released her debut studio album Modus Vivendi on January 17, 2020.


070 Shake, Career, 2015–2016: Early years
070 Shake was born in North Bergen, New Jersey and is of Dominican descent. Balbuena attended North Bergen High School, where she played on the school's basketball team. Prior to her music career, Shake wrote poetry. Shake began her music career in late 2015, recording the songs "Proud" and "Swervin". Shake's stage name is derived from her affiliation with the 070 music collective; 070 coming from New Jersey's 070 ZIP Codes. By 2018, the 070 crew was noted to have 11 members including artists and producers.


070 Shake, Career, 2015–2016: Early years
By 2016, Shake was earning hundreds of thousands of streams on SoundCloud. Soon after posting several songs on SoundCloud, Shake attracted the attention of Miami-based promoter and social media personality YesJulz. After hearing "Proud" specifically, YesJulz reached out to Shake on Twitter, quickly signing on to be her manager. Shake broke through with "Trust Nobody", released early in that year. In August, Shake collaborated with fellow 070 members Ralphy River, Hack, and Tree on the single "Honey". The song featured production from frequent collaborators The Kompetition, a three-person production group. "Honey" simultaneously premiered on Complex and 1 AM Radio on Dash. Vibe commented that the track "[sounded] tailor made to rock on dance floors everywhere."


070 Shake, Career, 2015–2016: Early years
Also in 2016, Shake signed with Kanye West's GOOD Music label. GOOD Music found out about Shake through Julz, as she played some of Shake's music at a Yeezy fitting, interesting the label's president, Pusha T. After signing Shake, the label picked up her "Trust Nobody" track and re-released it in September. Shake spent October and November opening up for English rock band The 1975 during the American leg of their 2016 tour. On December 8, 070 released their first mixtape, The 070 Project: Chapter 1.


070 Shake, Career, 2017–present: Glitter, collaborations with Kanye West and Modus Vivendi
Shake modeled for Gypsy Sport's Fall 2017 runway show. She also went on her first headlining tour in April. In a 2017 interview with Paper, Shake mentioned her Yellow Girl EP would release later that year. However, the project was moved back to release after Glitter, another collaboration with The Kompetition.


070 Shake, Career, 2017–present: Glitter, collaborations with Kanye West and Modus Vivendi
Her solo debut, the 6-track Glitter EP was released on March 23, 2018, although it was originally slated for a January 26 release and to include 12 tracks. At the time of Glitter's release, media outlets noted that her lyrical content concentrated on her self-esteem issues, drug use, and sexuality. Shake described Glitter as "about being in a dark place and finding yourself and figuring it out. It's about being in the lowest of lows type of shit." Shortly prior to Glitter's release, Shake performed at the SXSW music festival.


070 Shake, Career, 2017–present: Glitter, collaborations with Kanye West and Modus Vivendi
In May, Shake was featured on "Santeria", a track from Pusha T's album Daytona. Shake also had featured vocals on "Ghost Town" and "Violent Crimes" from Kanye West's album Ye.


070 Shake, Career, 2017–present: Glitter, collaborations with Kanye West and Modus Vivendi
Michael Sapanora praised the two tracks as "standout cuts" on the album, and ranked "Ghost Town" specifically as the album's best song. HotNewHipHop praised Shake's performance on "Ghost Town" as the highlight of the song, and called the track the climax of the album. Shake told Pigeons & Planes that "Ghost Town" was nearly left off Ye, as the track was finished on the same day of the album's release.


070 Shake, Career, 2017–present: Glitter, collaborations with Kanye West and Modus Vivendi
"Ghost Town" also featured vocals from Kid Cudi, another inspiration of Shake's; she shared with Pigeons & Planes, "All my life I grew up listening to Kanye West and Kid Cudi. I've cried to their music. They've definitely changed my life, and saved me from a lot of stuff." Shake's recording experience with West in Wyoming for his Ye album impacted her thoughts about Yellow Girl; she stated "I don't know if it's going to be called Yellow Girl. I know the songs are definitely changing. The experience I had in Wyoming makes me want to make music on a different level."


070 Shake, Career, 2017–present: Glitter, collaborations with Kanye West and Modus Vivendi
In 2019, she featured on DJ Khaled's album Father of Asahd alongside Buju Banton, Sizzla and Mavado on the song "Holy Mountain".


070 Shake, Career, 2017–present: Glitter, collaborations with Kanye West and Modus Vivendi
Shake released her debut album, Modus Vivendi, on January 17, 2020.


070 Shake, Personal life
Prominently referenced in her music, Shake uses female pronouns when describing lovers. A 2017 Vogue essay on rising queer stars in rap music mentioned Shake being in a relationship with Sophia Diana Lodato. In a 2018 Pitchfork article, Shake said she doesn't like to put labels on her sexuality. "I don't really identify myself as queer or gay or anything. I just like girls."


070 Shake, Promotion
Her single "Morrow" is featured in EA Sports's FIFA 21.


070 Shake, Promotion
The song "Glitter" from "Glitter EP" is featured in the Netflix Series, On my Block, season 2 episode 1.


07102010
07102010 is the first compilation album by American metalcore band Crown the Empire. The album was released on July 10, 2020 through Rise Records. It was produced by Josh Strock and Munk. The album is a compilation of acoustic versions of songs from their previous discography, made to commemorate the 10-year anniversary of the post-hardcore band's first show at Compass Church in Colleyville, Texas.


07102010, Background and recording
The album includes a new track, "Everything Breaks", which was written during the Sudden Sky album sessions, recorded as a demo at that time, and released by singer Andy Leo in 2018. When asked about the inspiration for the acoustic album, the band states that they "wanted to look back and strip down songs across all of [their] albums as a thank you to everyone who has been along for the journey so far."


07102010, Release and promotion
The album was released on July 10, 2020 through Rise Records, within only two days of being announced. It was initially released only for streaming platforms and as a digital download. It was then released in vinyl format for Record Store Day (November 27, 2020).


07102010, Release and promotion
Eight of the acoustic tracks from the album were played on a Twitch livestream on July 18, 2020.


07102010, Critical reception
The German webzine BurnYourEars gave the album a rating of 7/10. The album is described as having a colorful mix of songs and being nostalgic in tone. Although the songs are stripped down from their aggressive metal origins, they're still just as energetic and emotional, and the dark lyrics stand out in the acoustic format. Although the album is described as not seeming superfluous or boring, the bonus track ("Everything Breaks") is said to be melancholic but without quite providing the desired climax.


07102010, Critical reception
The album was also reviewed by Dead Press! on July 13, 2020. In the review, the album is described as "neutral-toned and awash with maturity" but "alive with a new spirit and indicative of [Crown the Empire]'s fondness of what they have created thus far." The album is praised as being tasteful, delicate, and cozy, and the choice of songs is called meticulous and solemn. The band is described as "thriving in both the depths of metalcore and the crisp vulnerability of acoustic tracks" as "a sign of true versatility." The review, however, cautions that it "brings little new to the table" despite being so pleasing to listen to.


07102010, Track listing
All lyrics are written by Crown the Empire, except where noted; all music is composed by Crown the Empire.


0711 / Cycling
0711 / Cycling is a national team founded in 2013 and based in Germany. It participated in UCI Continental Circuits races. In January 2016 it was announced that the team had agreed a one-year sponsorship deal with Christina Jewelry & Watches, who had previously owned the Christina Watches–Dana squad.


07th Expansion
07th Expansion is a Japanese dōjin circle specialized in the creation of visual novels and sound. They started out drawing for the trading card game Leaf Fight, but are known for creating the game series When They Cry. The remake games on additional consoles for Higurashi When They Cry were produced by Alchemist.


08 Stockholm Human Rights
08 Stockholm Human Rights is a Swedish basketball club located in Stockholm that has a men's and women's team.


08 Stockholm Human Rights
The club was established in 1996 when two of the most successful basketball associations, Alvik BK (established 1956) and the South YMCA Basketball (established 1949), collaborated to form 08 Stockholm. The reason for the name of "Human Rights" is because of the club's active social commitment to using basketball as a tool to work against racism, for social inclusion and to educate their players and leaders in the club's core values.


08 Stockholm Human Rights
Since their inception in 1996–97, the club has been very successful with both their men's and women's teams winning the league championship in 2001. The women's team has subsequently won three national championships (2003, 2007, 2010) since then, while the men's team previously won the inaugural Swedish-Finnish league championship in 1999. In 2013, the men's team was removed from the Basketligan because it didn't meet requirements set by the league. The club continued in the Superettan.


08/15 (film series)
08/15 is a 1954–55 West German film trilogy directed by Paul May and based on the novel 08/15 by Hans Hellmut Kirst who also served as the film's screenwriter (published in English as "The Revolt of Gunner Asch"). The term 08/15 (nill-eight/fifteen, German: Null-Acht/Fünfzehn) refers to the German Army's standard machine gun, the 08/15 (or MG 08 model 15), by far, the most common German machine gun deployed in World War I. It was manufactured in such large quantities that it became the German Army slang for anything that was standard issue.


08/15 (film series)
The film follows the story of Private Asch, a German soldier in World War II. The film title implies that Asch, and the soldiers under his command, were unostentatious (i.e. "run-of-the-mill") characters deployed on the Eastern Front.


08/15 (film series), Premise
The last of the 08/15 film trilogy ends with Germany being occupied by American soldiers who are portrayed as bubble-gum chewing, slack-jawed, uncultured louts, inferior in every respect to the heroic German soldiers. The only exception is the Jewish emigrant, now a US officer, who is shown as both intelligent and unscrupulous, the fact interpreted by Professor Omer Bartov as implying that the "real tragedy of World War II was that the Nazis did not get a chance to exterminate all Semites, who have now returned with Germany's defeat to once more exploit the German people". "Although Asch is never identified with the Americans – indeed, in the final film of the trilogy, the Americans appear to be nearly as dangerous a foe as the SS."


08/15 (film)
08/15 is a 1954 West German film directed by Paul May. It is based on the novel 08/15 by Hans Hellmut Kirst, who also served as the film's screenwriter. The term 08/15 (nill-eight/fifteen, German: Null-Acht/Fünfzehn) refers to the German Army's standard machine gun, the 08/15 (or MG 08 model 15), by far the most common German machine gun deployed in World War I. It was manufactured in such large quantities that it became the German Army slang for anything that was standard issue. 08/15 is also the first part of the 08/15 film trilogy, hence it is also known as Teil 1: In der Kaserne (Part 1: In the Barracks).


08/15 (film), Plot
The movie opens in the barracks of an artillery battalion somewhere in Germany; the year is 1939. The enlisted men of the battery are harassed by their Hauptwachtmeister Schulz and a platoon leader, Feldwebel Platzek, at every opportunity. Gunner Vierbein, who has a passion for music and wanted to become a piano player, is a preferred target. This intensifies when Vierbein is ordered by Schulz to beat the carpets in Schulz's duty apartment and Schulz's wife, Lore, begins flirting with him.


08/15 (film), Plot
Even the squad leader Unteroffizier Lindenberg, who is known to be fair and correct, starts under pressure from Schulz to pick on Vierbein. He breaks down under the constant hard drill and harassment and steals ammunition on a rifle range to commit suicide. One of his comrades, Gefreiter Asch, who helps him to get along with the military life, prevents this and decides that the harassment by the NCOs mustn't continue.


08/15 (film), Plot
Asch, who is viewed as one of the best soldiers in the battery and highly valued by Schulz and the other NCOs, and his friend Obergefreiter Kowalski start to compromise their superiors one by one. Lindenberg is provoked to report Asch for insubordination, but Kowalksi, who is named as witness, doesn't support the claim. The mess-sergeant, Rumpler, reports Asch for mutiny when he controls the food and gets a result of unwarranted decrease. Rumpler withdraws his report when Schulz is threatening to inspect the kitchen food himself.


08/15 (film), Plot
Platzek tries to cover up the loss of the ammunition that Asch has kept, and though Asch helps him to falsify the documents he makes clear to Platzek that he is in his hands now. Later Asch and Kowalksi use the ammunition to fire several shots into Schulz's office while Schulz and Platzek are in it.


08/15 (film), Plot
Schulz, who recommended Asch for promotion to Unteroffizier himself, is unnerved because of the shooting and the constant reports about Asch, and relays the reports up to the battery commander, Hauptmann Derna. Derna refers Asch to the doctor, who declares him officially insane. Asch uses this diagnose and threatens the doctor with a gun. Now the situation is so severe that Derna takes the reports to the battalion commander, Major Luschke. Luschke, severely unnerved by Derna and his inability to handle it himself, takes measures. He talks the officers and NCOs who reported Asch into withdrawing them by threat of demotion or transfer.


08/15 (film), Plot
After that Asch is promoted to Unteroffizier, as the Major has already granted it before the reports began, and Kowalski is promoted to Stabsgefreiter. Only minutes later the battalion is falling in on the courtyard to hear Hitler's speech on the radio announcing the outbreak of war against Poland (and thus the start of World War II).


0800 Reverse
0800 Reverse is a reverse charge (collect) call service that provides reverse charge calls within the United Kingdom. The service is operated by Reverse Corp Ltd. An 0800 Reverse charge call is placed by dialing the phoneword 0800 REVERSE (i.e. 0800 7383773), and the number can be dialled as a free call from most out-of-credit mobile phones, and most fixed land lines. 0800 Reverse has been advertised in television campaigns featuring Holly Valance, and the service is advertised on many phone boxes throughout the United Kingdom.


0800 Reverse, Complaints
In 2007, a complaint was raised with the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA), that the terms and conditions of the 0800 Reverse service were not made sufficiently apparent in their television advertisements. The ASA decided that the cost was likely to influence a viewer's decision to use the service and a recipient's decision whether to accept a call. They found that the call charge information was not sufficiently legible for it to be easily absorbed by viewers in one viewing, and ordered that the onscreen text regarding pricing be made more prominent.


0800 Reverse, Complaints
The service was also the subject of a Watchdog investigation due to its high charges, and failure to inform users of its cost.


08001
This project, conceived as a workshop or work in progress, is a collective of musicians from different parts of the world based in El Raval, the most ethnically diverse neighbourhood of Barcelona. "08001" is El Raval's postal code.


08001
Its live shows blend the performance of numerous artists together with a visual screen show. 08001 made its debut during Sónar, a music festival in Barcelona. Right after, they embarked on an tournee around Spain and various parts of Europe.


08001
In 2004, Time magazine wrote of 08001: "In recent years, as El Raval has been colonized by migrants from as far afield as South America and Southeast Asia, the urban music that reverberates from this neighborhood has evolved to reflect the diversity of the population. This syncretic sound — called mestizaje, a mix of music and ethnicities — is now producing some of the country’s hottest new acts. And they don’t come any hotter than Barcelona’s 08001."


08001
They also received the Impala award after selling over 30.000 units of their independently released first record Raval ta Joie.


08001
Vorágine (WorkinProgress Records) is 08001’s new album, commercially released in record stores and iTunes since the end of June 2007.


0806
0806 is the debut single album by South Korean idol group D-Crunch. It was released on August 6, 2018, by All-S Company and distributed by Kakao M. The group contributed to the lyrics, composition, and choreography of its songs. The lead single "Palace" is a "powerful" hip hop track.


0806
0806 and "Palace" were concurrently released. D-Crunch held a showcase for the album and the group began promoting the song by performing on music chart programs across various television networks. The single album peaked at number 46 on South Korea's national Gaon Album Chart, where it has shifted over 1,000 copies since its release.


0806, Background and music structure
Created by Lee Jong-seok under All-S Company, D-Crunch was formally announced as a nine-member hip hop group on July 4, 2018. D-Crunch contributed to the lyrics, composition, and rapping on its tracks, and were also involved in crafting the songs' choreography. Songwriting team G.I.G, which compromises members O.V, Hyunwook, and Hyunoh, took part in writing lyrics and composition. To differentiate D-Crunch from other idol groups, O.V decided to debut with a "fierce" hip hop track to leave an impression on the general public. Recording for 0806 took place at All-S Studio; it was mixed and mastered at FoaL Sound.


0806, Background and music structure
"Palace" is a "cinematic" hip hop song which utilizes "heavy" sub-bass and a trap beat layered over an orchestra section. O.V stated that the track illustrates "dark and mischievous" hip hop. The lyrics deal with "breaking out of fear and thrill to take the first step into the world". The track "overflows with power" and "intense rapping" is employed. For its visual concept, D-Crunch sported all-black waterproof tech wear. In contrast to the single, the second track "I Want" showcases a "refreshing and cute charm". It was described as the "heart-changing song of busy contemporary men". D-Crunch included musically different songs to demonstrate its versatility. The single album's titled 0806 refers the group's debut date.


0806, Release and promotion
Three weeks preceding D-Crunch's debut, a silhouette of the nonet against a red background was published. Beginning on July 23, profile images of each group member were released for three consecutive days in batches of three: Hyunwook, Hyunho, and Hyunwoo; Hyunoh, O.V, and Minhyuk; and Chanyoung, Dylan, Jungseung. An audio teaser of the lead single "Palace" was unveiled on July 26. Four days later, a teaser photo of D-Crunch was released. On August 1, a performance highlight video of "Palace", choreographed by the group, was shared. Directed by Lee Gi-baek, the single's music video teaser followed on the subsequent day.


0806, Release and promotion
0806 and the music video for "Palace" was simultaneously released on August 6. The group held a showcase for 0806 at the Shinsegae Mesa Hall in the Jung District of Seoul. D-Crunch began promoting "Palace" the following day by performing it on SBS MTV's music chart show The Show. The group made follow-up performances on Mnet's M Countdown, Seoul Broadcasting System's (SBS) Inkigayo, MBC Music's Show Champion, and KBS2's Music Bank. A choreography video of "I Want" was released on August 20. D-Crunch also promoted the single by busking in Hongdae in September. Promotions for the record were completed after six weeks.


0806, Critical reception
The Korean Broadcasting System banned the track "I Want" from syndication on its network after deeming it "unfit for broadcast". The company determined that the lyrics violated article 46 of broadcasting review regulations for mentioning a "specific" product brand.


0806, Commercial performance
On the chart dated August 5 – 11, 2018, 0806 debuted at number 46 on South Korea's national Gaon Album Chart. By the end of the month, it shifted 1,105 units domestically.


084th Special Task Battalion
The 084th Special Task Battalion (Mongolian: Зэвсэгт хүчний 084-р анги), named after former Minister of Defense Lieutenant General Shagalyn Jadambaa and also known as the Parachute Special Forces Battalion is a military unit of the Armed Forces of Mongolia. It specializes in direct action unconventional warfare as well as air assault operations. It serves to engage in counter terrorism, counterinsurgency and special reconnaissance. It also conducts hostage rescue and provides security for high-level visitors and facilities. Operatively, it reports to the Chief of General Staff of the Mongolian Armed Forces, being deployed in the city of Ulaanbaatar.