10th Armored Division (United States), In film
The 10th Armored Division is also represented in the epic 1970 Academy Award-winning film Patton. General George Patton was played by George C. Scott.


10th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 10th Armoured Brigade was a short-lived armoured brigade of the British Army in the Second World War. It had been converted in November 1941 from infantry battalions, but had never seen action and was disbanded in late 1943.


10th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom), Formation
The 10th Armoured Brigade came into existence on 1 November 1941 when 125th Infantry Brigade based at Barnard Castle was converted to the armoured role. The brigade had fought in the Battle of France and were evacuated from Dunkirk with 42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division, which was being converted to an armoured division, the 42nd Armoured Division. The brigade comprised three battalions of the Lancashire Fusiliers, two of them (1/5th and 1/6th) Territorial and one raised for war service, which were all converted to regiments of the Royal Armoured Corps (RAC), and a motor battalion was added. The brigade commander, Brigadier Philip Bowden-Smith, was a cavalryman (and former Olympic Equestrian) who had taken command of the 125th Brigade in September 1941, shortly before it was converted. He commanded 10th Armoured for almost its entire service.


10th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom), Formation, Commanders
The following officers commanded 10th Armoured/Tank Brigade during the war:


10th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom), Service
Four days after the official conversion, 10th Armoured Brigade received its first equipment. The War Diary records: 'The first two tanks arrived, two Vickers Medium tanks dated 1923 and 1924. These were not in going order, and were practically useless'. The brigade got its first cruiser tanks – four Covenanters – on 1 December, and over the next two years received a trickle of widely varied tanks, including Cruiser Mk I, Cruiser Mk II, Cruiser Mk IIa, Covenanter and Crusader cruiser tanks, Valentine and Churchill infantry tanks, and later some Sherman Vs.


10th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom), Service
In May 1942, 10th Armoured Brigade left 42nd Armoured Division and the motor battalion was withdrawn. Then, on 25 July, the brigade was redesignated 10th Tank Brigade. The role of a tank brigade was infantry support. On 17 October 1942, the brigade was placed under the command of 48th (South Midland) Division, which was a reserve formation, and was given the role of holding and training reinforcements for other tank units.


10th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom), Service
For training, 10th Tank Brigade was based in the 'Dukeries' area of Nottinghamshire, with HQ at Carlton-in-Lindrick and the regiments at Thoresby Hall, Welbeck Abbey and Rufford Abbey.


10th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom), Disbandment
The brigade maintained Lancashire Fusilier traditions, initially wearing the regimental badge on the black beret of the RAC, and celebrating Minden Day on 1 August 'in traditional style. Each unit held a ceremonial parade and march past'. When rumours began to circulate that 10th Tank Brigade was scheduled for disbandment, Members of Parliament for the Lancashire towns complained about the loss of their TA battalions. In August 1943, a recruiting team persuaded about 60 other ranks of the brigade to volunteer for the Parachute Regiment if the brigade disbanded.


10th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom), Disbandment
The brigade moved to Wensleydale in September, with Brigade HQ at Bedale, but shortly afterwards the impending disbandment was confirmed, the brigade came under direct War Office control, and the regiments began to dispose of their equipment to other regiments. Brigade HQ and Signals were disbanded with effect from 25 November and completed by 16 December.


10th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom), Disbandment
Of the three tank regiments, 108 and 109 RAC (formerly 1/5th and 1/6th Lancashire Fusiliers TA) were 'dispersed', while 143 RAC (formerly the hostilities-only 9th Lancashire Fusiliers) was disbanded. Of these battalions, only the 5th Battalion, Lancashire Fusiliers was reconstituted in the Territorial Army after the war.


10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland)
The Polish 10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Polish: 10 Brygada Kawalerii Pancernej, French: 10e Brigade de cavalerie blindée polonaise) was an armoured formation of the Polish Armed Forces in the West. It was organized in France during World War II as part of the Polish Army in France, mostly by veterans of the 10th Motorized Cavalry Brigade who managed to escape from German and Soviet occupied Poland. Led by General Stanisław Maczek, it took part in the Battle of France in May 1940. It was later reformed in Great Britain as a part of the 1st Armoured Division.


10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland), 1939-40
Under the terms of the Franco-Polish Military Alliance, France and Poland were allies in the lead-up to World War II. After Poland was defeated by Germany in September 1939, many Polish soldiers made their way to France where a new Polish Army in France was created to continue the fight against the Germans. These forces were commanded by General Władysław Sikorski, who was also Prime Minister of the Polish government in exile. French generals were not, however, interested in Polish information about the German tactics of Blitzkrieg displayed in the campaign in Poland.


10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland), 1939-40
There was a general belief among the French High Command that the Polish armed forces had been incompetent, as well as a continuing belief in the impregnability of the Maginot Line. When General Maczek and his veterans tried to create a Polish mechanized division, they were not able to procure the equipment necessary for rapid training, so the new unit developed very slowly.


10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland), 1939-40
This state of affairs changed when Germany invaded the Low Countries in 1940, out-flanking the French fortifications. General Maczek's unit suddenly received all the equipment they had asked for on condition: that they go into action immediately. This proved impossible because many Polish soldiers were unfamiliar with their new equipment and there was no time for training. General Maczek decided to lead a small force of his best trained men, hoping that the rest of his unit would join them later. That small force, comprising veterans of the 10th Motorized Cavalry Brigade (the so-called "Black Brigade"), was now renamed the 10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (10 Brygada Kawalerii Pancernej). On June 6, the brigade had one tank battalion, two strong motorized cavalry squadrons, one anti-tank battery and one anti-aircraft battery.


10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland), 1939-40
The brigade was attached to the French Fourth Army near Reims and ordered to cover its left flank. However, Maczek's unit was much too weak to hold back full German armoured divisions successfully. Polish soldiers managed to cover only one retreating French infantry division by attacking German forces in Champaubert-Montgivroux. Later, the brigade had to withdraw along with French troops and joined the French XXIII Corps. On June 16 the brigade attacked by night the town of Montbard over the Burgundy Canal. Maczek's soldiers completely surprised the Germans and took many prisoners.


10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland), 1939-40
The brigade was by this time fighting alone, with the French units on both flanks either routed or in retreat. There were no French forces to exploit its victory and the decimated Polish unit found itself surrounded by the enemy and without fuel. On June 18, General Maczek decided to destroy most of his equipment and withdraw on foot. Later that day he split the remnants of his brigade into small groups, so they could pass more easily through enemy lines. Many of Maczek's men, including the general himself, found their way to Great Britain where a Polish armoured unit was eventually recreated, while others joined the Polish and French resistance organizations in France and Belgium.


10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland), Formation in Britain and Post Cold War
The 10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade was a small formation, but with an excellent fighting spirit. Most of its soldiers, after reaching Britain, formed part of General Maczek's 1st Armoured Division created in February 1942.


10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland), Formation in Britain and Post Cold War
The brigade fought as part of the 1st Armoured Division in north-west Europe in 1944-45, but was disbanded after the war.


10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland), Formation in Britain and Post Cold War
However it was reformed in 1995 and later equipped with Leopard 2 tanks purchased from Germany (see pl:10 Brygada Kawalerii Pancernej (III RP)). It is now part of the 11th Armoured Cavalry Division headquartered at Żagań.


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom)
The 10th Armoured Division was an armoured formation of division-size of the British Army, raised during World War II and was active from 1941–1944 and after the war from 1956–1957. It was formed from the 1st Cavalry Division, a 1st Line Yeomanry unit of the Territorial Army (TA) which had previously been serving in Palestine. The division was converted from cavalry to armour and redesignated from 1 August 1941.


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), History
The divisional sign was a fox's mask, representing the hunting tradition of the formation's cavalry and Yeomanry units. The division was originally under command of HQ British Troops Palestine and Transjordan, but transferred to Ninth Army when the headquarters was redesignated on 1 November 1941. It was later transferred into Egypt, serving under HQ Middle East, XXX Corps, British Eighth Army, and X Corps. The division fought at the Battles of Alam Halfa and El Alamein. It was disbanded on 15 June 1944 in Egypt.


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), History
The 10th Armoured Division was also briefly active after the war ended in Libya in the 1950s, incorporating 25th Armoured Brigade, but was disbanded in July 1957. The 25th Armoured Brigade was formed in 1952 to provide an operational headquarters for the troops in Libya. Also 1st RTR & 3rd RHA in Canal Zone, Egypt 1954/56 (Not listed on Orbat site). The Royal Scots Greys arrived in Libya in 1952, and stayed until 1955.


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), History
Other units of the brigade from 1952 were the 4th/7th Royal Dragoon Guards, 1st Battalion, Grenadier Guards, 1st Battalion, East Surrey Regiment, 3rd Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery and the 14th/20th King's Hussars. Also the Queens Bays at Sabratha  In May and June 1956 the brigade was hastily expanded to division status as 10th Armoured Division, with the intention of invading Egypt from the west during the Suez Canal Crisis. Planning was halted when it was found that such an invasion was banned under the terms of Britain's treaty with Libya. The Armoured Brigade Signals Squadron was expanded to 10th Armd Div Signals in May–June 1956, based in Tripoli. It began to wind up in April 1957, and disbanded completely in September 1957.


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), History, General Officer Commanding
Four men served as the General Officer Commanding of the division during World War II.


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), Order of battle World War II
The 10th Armoured Division was constituted as follows during the war:


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), Order of battle World War II
8th Armoured Brigade (left 16 February 1942, rejoined 27 March 1942, left 30 June 1942, rejoined 17 July 1942, left 21 November 1942)


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), Order of battle World War II
9th Armoured Brigade (from 9 October 1941, left 25 March 1942, rejoined 14 November 1942, left 27 May 1943)


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), Order of battle World War II
7th Armoured Brigade (from 3 June 1943, left 11 April 1944)


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), Order of battle World War II
23rd Armoured Brigade (from 1 June 1944, left 14 June 1944)


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), Order of battle World War II
7th Motor Brigade (from 12 September 1942, left 23 September 1942)


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), Order of battle World War II
133rd Lorried Infantry Brigade (from 29 September 1942, left 25 November 1942)


10th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), Order of battle World War II
201st Guards Motor Brigade (from 9 January 1943, left 1 February 1943)


10th Armoured Regiment (India)
The 10th Armoured Regiment, is an armoured regiment which is part of the Armoured Corps of the Indian Army.


10th Armoured Regiment (India), History
The regiment was raised on 16 April 1984 by Lt Col Kulwant Singh at Ahmednagar with Vijayanta tanks.


10th Armoured Regiment (India), History
Its first operational assignment however was at Samba, where it took part in Operation Trident in 1986. The regiment has also taken part in Operation Rakshak, Operation Vijay and Operation Parakram. Four Sena Medals and several Commendation Cards have been conferred on the regiment.


10th Armoured Regiment (India), History
The Regiment was presented the ‘President’s Standards’ at Suratgarh on 5 December 2017 by General Bipin Rawat, Chief of the Army Staff, on behalf of the President of India, Mr Ram Nath Kovind


10th Armoured Regiment (India), Regimental Insignia
The cap badge of the unit has crossed lances and pennons, with the numeral '10' at the crossing, mounted with an armoured fist facing right. The regimental motto ('परम धर्म विजय') is inscribed on a scroll below in Devanagari script.


10th Army (Austria-Hungary)
The Austro-Hungarian Tenth Army was an Austro-Hungarian field army that fought during World War I.


10th Army (Austria-Hungary), Actions
The Tenth Army was formed in February 1916 on the Italian Front, where it remained active until the end of the War. It participated in the


10th Army (France)
The Tenth Army (French: Xe Armée) was a Field army of the French Army during World War I and World War II.


10th Army (France), World War I
The Tenth Army, first called détachement d'armée Maud'huy, was formed on 1 October 1914 during the Race to the Sea.


10th Army (France), World War I
It gained a victory in the Battle of Arras (1914). Later, it took part in the Second Battle of Artois (May 1915), the Third Battle of Artois (September 1915), the Battle of the Somme (July 1916), and the Second Battle of the Aisne (April 1917).


10th Army (France), World War I
In October 1917, at the request of the Italian Supreme Commander, General Luigi Cadorna, the Tenth Army moved onto the Italian Front alongside British Expeditionary Force units, together forming the Italian Expeditionary Force. For this operation the army included the 12th Army Corps and the 31st Army Corps, for a total of six infantry divisions of French troops. The Italians had been pushed back at the Battle of Caporetto by German Army reinforced Austro-Hungarian divisions. French forces were settled mostly west of the city of Verona, supposedly to counter a rumoured offensive by Austro-Hungarian forces that would purportedly come from the County of Tyrol via the Adige river valley.


10th Army (France), World War I
On 26 March 1918, the Tenth Army returned to France, where it fought in the Third Battle of the Aisne, Second Battle of the Marne and the Hundred Days Offensive. The two divisions of 12th Army Corps under command of Jean César Graziani remained in Italy until the end of the war.


10th Army (France), Interwar Period
After the Armistice it was part of the occupation of the Rhineland. On 21 October 1919 it was combined with the Eighth Army to form the French Army of the Rhine.


10th Army (France), World War II
It was reformed in the Second World War. A first Tenth Army is disbanded between 7 and  8 June 1940, with on the one hand the encirclement of the 9th Army Corps at Saint-Valéry-en-Caux and on the other hand the attachment of the 10th and 25th Army Corps to the Armée de Paris. After the rupture of the Somme front, on 5 et 6 June 1940, the last phase of the Battle of France began. For the Allies it was essential to regroup on the Seine river to prevent the Germans from crossing.


10th Army (France), World War II
This is why a new 10th Army was formed to hold the front at the Lower Seine and placed under command of General Robert Altmayer (1875 - 1959). His troops were not yet in place when the Germans appeared at the Seine on 9 June and immediately crossed it in the Portejoie, Saint-Pierre-du-Vauvray and Venables sector. The Weygand Line had been broken.


10th Army (German Empire)
The 10th Army (German: 10. Armee / Armeeoberkommando 10 / A.O.K. 10) was an army level command of the German Army in World War I formed in January 1915 in Cologne. It served exclusively on the Eastern Front. It was dissolved on 6 January 1919.


10th Army (German Empire), History
During World War I the 10th Army was stationed on the Eastern Front where it fought against Russia. It also took part in the occupation of Poland and Belorussia at the end of 1918 when the war ended.


10th Army (German Empire), History
The Tenth Army published the newspaper "Zeitung der 10. Armee" ("Newspaper of the 10th Army").


10th Army (Italy)
The 10th Army (Italian: 10ª Armata) was a field army of the Royal Italian Army, which fought in World War I and in Italian North Africa during World War II.


10th Army (Italy), World War I, Formation
After the Battle of Caporetto (November 1917) the Italian Army (Regio Esercito) was reorganized by Armando Diaz. In the summer of 1918 (after the Battle of the Solstice) the Command continued to modify these changes and in preparation for the Italian Offensive planned for October 1918, the new 10th Italian Army was formed on 14 October. It was a British–Italian Army under command of the Earl of Cavan. It consisted of


10th Army (Italy), World War I, Formation
At the same time General Jean César Graziani of France was asked to command another new Italian Army (joint), the 12th Army consisting of I Corps (Italy), the 52nd Division – Alpini (Italy) and 23rd Division (France).


10th Army (Italy), World War I, The Final Battle
The newly constituted 10th Army participated in the victory of the Battle of Vittorio Veneto (October–November 1918). The Army was inserted between the Italian 8th and 3rd Armies at the Piave River. The 8th Army was to cross the Piave River and advance to Vittorio in order to split the Austro-Hungarian Trentino Army from the ones defending Piave. The 10th Army was to protect their right flank. They were also expected to cross the Piave by breaking the Austro-Hungarian defenses at Grave di Papadopoli, a large island in the river.


10th Army (Italy), World War I, The Final Battle
The 10th Army was augmented by the addition of the following Italian troops prior to the battle:


10th Army (Italy), World War I, The Final Battle
The pontieri played an important preparatory role by transporting a contingent of British soldiers by boat to the island to surprise the Austro-Hungarian garrison there and gain control of the island before the commencement of the battle.


10th Army (Italy), World War I, The Final Battle
The 10th Army provided one of the early successes in the Battle as it established a bridgehead on the left bank of the river, despite high and fast waters (floods) in the river. In fact, elements of the 8th Army had to improvise and use the 10th Army's crossings in order to initially get across the river and then achieve the capture of Vittorio. The 10th Army proceeded to speed across the Italian countryside crossing the Tagliamento River towards 1) Tolmezzo (the XIV Corps) and 2) Udine (the XI Corps) as the Austro-Hungarian Army rapidly retreated and then collapsed.


10th Army (Italy), World War I, The Final Battle
The 10th Army was subsequently joined in the Battle by the 332nd Infantry Regiment (United States), as part of the British XIV Corps; the American regiment forming the advance guard of the corps. On 4 November, when the Italian armistice came into effect, the line of the 10th Army was Basagliapenta-Meretto di Tomba-Coseano-S. Daniele-Pinzano.


10th Army (Italy), World War II
In 1940, the 10th Army was based in Cyrenaica (eastern Libya) and faced the British in the Kingdom of Egypt, a British ally. The 5th Army, was based in Tripolitania (western Libya) opposite French Tunisia.


10th Army (Italy), World War II
When Italy declared war on 10 June 1940, the 10th Army consisted of five divisions and the 5th Army consisted of nine. After the Fall of France at the end of June, several divisions were transferred from the 5th Army to strengthen the 10th Army, which was increased to ten divisions.


10th Army (Italy), World War II, Italian invasion of Egypt
On 13 September 1940, about four divisions of the 10th Army conducted the Italian invasion of Egypt. Four infantry divisions and the Maletti Group marched 100 kilometres (62 mi) in four days and stopped at Sidi Barrani. The Maletti Group included most of the M11/39 medium tanks in North Africa and numerous L3 tankettes. Defensive positions were prepared by the Italians in fortified camps.


10th Army (Italy), World War II, British counter-attack
In December 1940 during Operation Compass, the British counter-attacked in what initially was to be a five-day raid against the Italian camps in Egypt. The Italian camps were overrun and the rest of the 10th Army was pushed further and further back into Italian Libya. Many Italian soldiers surrendered once the British troops encircled them in fortified places like Bardia and Tobruk.


10th Army (Italy), World War II, Destruction at Beda Fomm
At the Battle of Beda Fomm (6–7 February 1941), most of the remainder of the retreating 10th Army was isolated by Combeforce (Lieutenant-Colonel John Combe) a small advance guard of the 7th Armoured Division (Major-General Michael O'Moore Creagh). Combeforce took a shortcut across the desert, to block the Italian army's retreat, while the 6th Australian Division continued the coastal pursuit. The force was delayed by the harsh terrain, so Combeforce was divided and the lighter, faster elements were detached to complete the interception, leaving the tracked vehicles to follow.


10th Army (Italy), World War II, Destruction at Beda Fomm
The first elements arrived at Msus late on the afternoon of 4 February and cleared the local garrison. During the following night and day the advance continued and the British artillery and infantry were in position across the coast road by 4:00 p.m. on 5 February. The head of the retreating Italian column arrived 30 minutes later. The Italians were stunned to find the British force blocking them at Beda Fomm, whose strength they greatly overestimated. With the Australians in pursuit, a desperate battle ensued, in which newly arrived Fiat M13/40 medium tank battalions were thrown against the British positions, at great loss. In the afternoon of 6 February, the 7th Armoured Division tanks arrived and harassed the Italian eastern flank.


10th Army (Italy), World War II, Destruction at Beda Fomm
On the morning of 7 February, the Italians attempted a final, desperate attempt to break through. By this stage, the British units were almost out of food, petrol and ammunition. The British blocking line was almost breached and convinced of the overwhelming size and strength of the blocking force, the encircled Italian units surrendered. The 10th Army was destroyed.


10th Army (RSFSR)
The 10th Army was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War which existed from October 3 1918 until July 1920. It was formed from the troops operating in the area of Tsaritsyn and Kamyshin. On May 4, 1920 it was renamed the 10th Terek Army. It was dissolved in July 1920. It was part of the Southern Front, the South-Eastern Front (from October 1, 1919) and the Caucasian Front (since January 16, 1920).


10th Army (RSFSR), History
In October 1918 - January 1919, the Army fought defensive battles against the Don White Cossacks near Kamyshin and Tsaritsyn, opposing the offensive of the Don Army under General Pyotr Krasnov. Since mid-February 1919, it participated in the 1918-1919 Counteroffensive of the Southern Front, during which it defeated the Voronezh group of the Don Army in cooperation with the 9th Red Army. This forced the Tsaritsyn group of the Don Army to hastily retreat behind the Manych River.


10th Army (RSFSR), History
Since May 1919, the 10th Army was attacked by numerically superior forces of the Caucasian Army under General Pyotr Wrangel. Under heavy pressure on its flanks, it was forced to withdraw to the Tsaritsyn area, and then further to Kamyshin where it took part in the defense of Tsaritsyn. On July 23 1918, the 10th Army became part of the Special Group of Vasilii Shorin and fought in the August Counteroffensive of the Southern Front, defeating parts of the Caucasian Army of General Wrangel and entering the area around the middle reaches of the Don River.


10th Army (RSFSR), History
In October 1919, as part of the Southeastern Front, it continued to conduct stubborn defensive battles against White troops in the Kamyshin region, making by its actions the counteroffensive of the Southern Front possible, which aimed to destroy the troops of General Anton Denikin. In the second half of November 1919 the 10th Army participated in the general offensive of Soviet troops in the south of the country, during which it defeated parts of the opposing Caucasian Army and reoccupied Tsaritsyn on January 3, 1920.


10th Army (RSFSR), History
In January - March 1920, it participated in the North Caucasian operation. In the spring and summer of 1920, it continued to lead a successful offensive South of the Don River and, in cooperation with the 9th and 11th Red Army, conquered the areas around Stavropol, completing the defeat of the White Guards in the Northern Caucasus.


10th Army (RSFSR), History
Since May 4, 1920, the Army was renamed the 10th Terek Red Army of the Caucasian Front. Since April 1920, it fought against anti-Soviet forces in the Terek region, until the Army was disbanded in July 1920.


10th Army (Russian Empire)
The 10th Army (Russian: 10-я армия) was a field army of the Imperial Russian Army during the First World War.


10th Army (Russian Empire), History
The 10th Army was formed on 5 September [O.S. 23 August] 1914 from reserve units of the Stavka of the Commander-in-Chief, part of the Northwestern Front, and initially included the 22nd Army Corps, the 3rd Siberian Army Corps, and the 1st Turkestan Army Corps, under the command of Lieutenant General Vasily Flug. Subsequently, the army would also include the 1st Guards, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 10th, 15th, 20th, 23rd, 24th, 26th, 34th, 35th, 36th, 38th, and 44th Army Corps, the 2nd and 5th Caucasus Army Corps, the 1st and 2nd Siberian Army Corps, and the 7th Cavalry Corps at different times.


10th Army (Russian Empire), History
The army was deployed between the 1st and 2nd Armies during the East Prussian Campaign of 17 August to 15 September 1914, covering the left flank of the 1st Army along with the 2nd Army. During the Russian retreat from East Prussia it defended the line of the Bobr River and covered the direction of Augustów and Grodno. The 1st and 10th Armies covered the right flank of the Northwestern Front during the Warsaw–Ivangorod Operation of 15 September to 25 October. General of infantry Thadeus von Sievers replaced Flug on 23 September.


10th Army (Russian Empire), History
During the Łódź Operation of 29 October to 11 November, the troops of the 1st and 10th Armies covered the Mława direction on the right bank of the Vistula. In the subsequent offensive into East Prussia, the army was halted by strongly fortified and held German fortifications at the Masurian Lakes and was unable to capture them.


10th Army (Russian Empire), History
Between 25 January and 13 February 1915, the army fought in the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes, during which the German 8th and 10th Armies were to encircle and destroy the 10th Army by attacking it from the flanks. The German 8th Army struck the 10th Army's left towards Augustow on 25 January, while the German 10th Army attacked on the right towards Verzhbolovo and Suwałki between 26 and 30 January.


10th Army (Russian Empire), History
In intense defensive fighting, the troops of the 10th Army held back the German advance for ten days, enabling the main Russian forces to retreat to the Kovno and Osovets line by 13 February. The army rebuffed another unsuccessful German encirclement attempt during the Battle of Przasnysz between 7 February and 17 March. On 17 February, the 10th Army, in concert with the 1st and 12th Armies, launched a counteroffensive and pushed the German troops back to the East Prussian border, overcoming fierce resistance. Sievers was replaced by General of infantry Yevgeny Radkovich on 25 April.


10th Army (Russian Empire), History
When the Northwestern Front was split in August, the 10th Army became part of the Western Front, with which it fought for the rest of the war. It fought in the Battle of Vilna between 9 August and 26 September against the German 10th Army. After capturing Kovno on 9 August, the latter attacked between the Viliya and the Neman, attempting to encircle the main forces of the army, concentrated north and northwest of Vilna. In seesaw fighting that lasted until the end of August, both sides suffered heavy losses.


10th Army (Russian Empire), History
The stalemate was broken by the German Sventiany Offensive, beginning on 27 August, which broke through the army defenses and unhinged its rear with a cavalry raid, forcing a retreat to the east. The front stabilized along the line of Lake Naroch and Smorgon by 19 September, after which positional fighting took place.


10th Army (Russian Empire), History
In the northern hemisphere spring of 1916, the army fought in the Northern and Western Fronts' Lake Naroch Offensive, tasked with advancing on Vilna, but did not achieve its objectives due to a lack of shells and ineffective command of the troops. In the operation, significant groups of German troops were encircled, which prevented German reinforcement of the Western Front. The 10th Army fought in the mid-1917 Kerensky Offensive, under the command of Lieutenant General Pyotr Lomnovsky, tasked with the front's main assault from Molodechno to Vilna.


10th Army (Russian Empire), History
Preceded by a three-day artillery preparation, the army's units began the attack on 9 July, but its troops refused to fight, occupying two to three lines of German trenches before returning to their positions. The offensive was halted on 10 July as a result of the failure of the concurrent attacks of the Southwestern Front.


10th Army (Russian Empire), History
The Russian Army disintegrated as a result of the Russian Revolution, resulting in the demobilization of the troops of the army between December and February 1918, before its disbandment in March.


10th Army (Russian Empire), Military Fronts and engagements in which the 10th Army participated
The army was part of the following fronts during the war:


10th Army (Soviet Union)
The 10th Army of the Soviet Union's Red Army was a field army active from 1939 to 1944.


10th Army (Soviet Union), History
The Army was formed in September 1939, in the Moscow Military District, and then deployed to the Western Special Military District. During the Soviet invasion of Poland it consisted, according to Steven Zaloga, of the 11th Rifle Corps (6th, 33rd, and 121st RD); the 16th Rifle Corps (8th, 52nd, and 55th Rifle Divisions); and the 3rd Rifle Corps (in reserve) (33 and 113 RDs), under General Ivan Zakharkin.


10th Army (Soviet Union), History
On 22 June 1941, at the onset of Operation Barbarossa, the Army was part of the Soviet Western Front. It consisted of the 1st Rifle Corps (2nd and 8th Rifle Divisions); 5th Rifle Corps (including 13th, 86th, and 113th Rifle Divisions); 6th Cavalry Corps (6th and 36th Cavalry Divisions) and 6th and 13th Mechanised Corps, under General K.D. Golubev. It was encircled by German forces in June 1941 and largely destroyed.


10th Army (Soviet Union), History
By late June, the German Army Group Centre surrounded the 3rd, 4th and the 10th Armies in the Battle of Białystok–Minsk. In the end, all the formations and units of the 10th Army were defeated. On 30 June, while trying to cross the highway Minsk-Baranovichi, the army headquarters was destroyed, coming out of the remnants of the environment were addressed by fitting of the 4th Army. The headquarters was officially disbanded on 5 July 1941.


10th Army (Soviet Union), History
The commander of the 10th Army, Major General KD Golubev, and the army artillery commander, Major General M. Barsukov, escaping from the encirclement in a consolidated group with the August 86th Border Detachment of the NKVD, in late July Golubev was appointed commander of 13th Army, which participated in the Battle of Smolensk.


10th Army (Soviet Union), History
It was formed three times in 1941, next in October in the Southern Front, but its formation 'was halted due to severe battle conditions'.


10th Army (Soviet Union), History
It was then reformed in November 1941 in the Volga region, with nine divisions, seven of which were new formations. Soviet official websites give the nine divisions as the 322nd, 323rd, 324th, 325th, 326th, 328th and 330th Rifle, and 57th & 75th Cavalry, thus including two cavalry divisions. Nine of these divisions had been formed in the space of three weeks from the reserve of the Moscow Military District and been trained for 12 hours a day. General Lieutenant Filipp Golikov took command.


10th Army (Soviet Union), History
Golikov's 1967 book describes how the army finished its concentration in the Penza area on 8 November 1941, after which 15 days were devoted to combat training and 5 days to construction of living quarters and other facilities. There were shortages of everything including warm winter clothing. The majority of the troops were between 30 and 40 years of age and, in some cases, up to 65% of the men had no military training.


10th Army (Soviet Union), History
Initially part of the Reserve of the Supreme High Command (Stavka Reserve), it was reassigned to the Western Front for the Battle of Moscow, after moving up to Ryazan attacking on the morning of 6 December 1941. In 1942, it continued its defensive operations on the central axis, and in 1943 took part in the second Battle of Smolensk.


10th Army (Soviet Union), History
The 10th Army headquarters with associated units was withdrawn from the Western Front to the Stavka Reserve in early April (General Staff's directive of 7.04.44). From 10 April, it was moved to Roslavl, where it was to take control of the 81st and 103rd Rifle Corps (total 5 divisions). That same month, the army was disbanded and its headquarters formed the basis of Headquarters 2nd Belorussian Front while its formations were reassigned to the 49th Army.


10th Army (Wehrmacht)
The 10th Army (German: 10. Armee) was a World War II field army of Wehrmacht (Germany).


10th Army (Wehrmacht)
A new 10th Army was activated in 1943 as part of Adolf Hitler's last stand, who saw action notably in late 1943 and early 1944 along the "Winter Line" at the Battle of San Pietro Infine and the Battle of Monte Cassino, before finally surrendering near the Alps. Among its troops at Cassino were the XIV Panzer Corps and Parachute divisions of the Luftwaffe.


10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command
The 10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command (10th AAMDC) is a theater level Army air and missile defense organization and directly subordinated to United States Army Europe. On order, the 10th AAMDC deploys worldwide to conduct joint and combined/coalition air missile defense ops for US European Command. The 10th AAMDC serves as the United States Army in Europe's executive agent for all theater air and missile defense ops and air missile defense force management.


10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Lineage and history
The command's lineage dates from the 10th Coast Artillery (Harbor Defense), Fort Adams, Rhode Island. The flashes symbolize the speed and efficiency of the unit while "X" suggests the numerical designation of the unit. The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 10th Artillery Group on 10 November 1969. It was amended to correct the description on 1 December 1969. It was redesignated for the 10th Air Defense Artillery Group on 5 April 1972. It was redesignated for the 10th Air Defense Artillery Brigade on 2 June 1983. The insignia was redesignated for the 10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command with the description updated effective 17 October 2011.


10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Lineage and history
When the command was activated in 2011, the lineage and numbering selected were those of the 10th Artillery Group. However, the previous designation was the 357 A&MDD. It was:


10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Lineage and history
7 August 2019, the 10th AAMDC held change-of-command ceremony that saw Brig. Gen. Gregory J. Brady return as the commander to the 10th AAMDC, which he led for two years, starting in 2013. The rare chance in the Army to command the same unit twice – from the stature of two different ranks – reflects the growing importance of the missile defense mission in Europe.


10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Lineage and history
Transitioning the 10th AAMDC to a one-star level command "supports the increase in air and missile defense forces and capabilities in U.S. Army Europe", the Army said, a growth that has seen the command double in size.


10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Heraldry
Shoulder sleeve insignia: Upon a yellow vertical rectangle arched at top and bottom, 2 inches (5.08 cm) in width and 3 inches (7.62 cm) in height overall, two scarlet arrowheads at top and bottom centered vertically with points opposed at center between two blue triangular stylized wings; all within a 1/8-inch (.32 cm) yellow border. Scarlet and yellow are the colors associated with Air Defense Artillery. The blue stylized wings suggest the sky and flight in reference to the air defense function and the arrowheads denote accuracy and aerial warfare.


10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Heraldry
The X-shape formed by the wings refer to the Roman numeral ten, the unit's numerical designation. The shoulder sleeve insignia was originally approved for the 10th Air Defense Artillery Brigade on 5 January 1984. It was redesignated for the 10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command with the description updated effective 17 October 2011.


10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Heraldry
Insignia: A gold color metal and enamel device 1 3/16 inches (3.02 cm) in height overall consisting of a blue cloud bank supporting two gold crossed lightning flashes, surmounted by a red diamond shape with a gold border and bearing a gold swooping hawk with wings displayed between two gold stars, in base in front of the diamond's lower point a gold wall with three merlons charged at center with a blue anchor extending above and below a gold scroll inscribed "PRIMA" in red letters. The two stars symbolize the unit's participation in World War II and the Korean War.


10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Heraldry
The Philippine Presidential Unit Citation and the two Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citations are represented by the three merlons of the wall. The swooping gold hawk refers to the firepower of the unit. The battlement with the anchor alludes to the unit's overseas service and its historical background. The flashes symbolize the speed and efficiency of the unit while "X" suggests the numerical designation of the unit. The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 10th Artillery Group on 10 November 1969. It was amended to correct the description on 1 December 1969. It was redesignated for the 10th Air Defense Artillery Group on 5 April 1972. It was redesignated for the 10th Air Defense Artillery Brigade on 2 June 1983. The insignia was redesignated for the 10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command with the description updated effective 17 October 2011.


10th Army Corps (France)
The French 10th Army Corps was a French military unit during the Napoleonic War, First World War and Second World War. Military Operations, France and Belgium, 1918, Volume II (Great War, 38)


10th Army Corps (France)
At the beginning of the First World War it was attached to the Fifth Army.


10th Army Corps (France)
Its composition at that time was changed several times during the war.


10th Army Corps (France)
It saw action during the Battle of Belgium and the Battle of France.


10th Army Corps (Russian Empire)
The 10th Army Corps was an Army corps in the Imperial Russian Army.


10th Asia Pacific Screen Awards
The 10th Asia Pacific Screen Awards were held on Thursday, 24 November 2016 at the Brisbane Conventions and Exhibition Centre in Brisbane, Australia.


10th Asia Pacific Screen Awards
On 9 September 2016, five juries were announced. They are an Academy Awards winner David Puttnam, a former chairman of Busan International Film Festival Kim Dong-ho, a current chairman of Busan International Film Festival Nansun Shi, an Academy Awards nominee and a Palme d'Or winner Jan Chapman and a Palme d'Or nominee Shyam Benegal.


10th Asia Pacific Screen Awards
David Wenham and Anjali Rao was announced as the host of the event on 2 November 2016. On the same day, a Grammy Awards winner Sumi Jo was also announced to perform at the event.


10th Asia Pacific Screen Awards, Winners and nominees
Nominees for the Cultural Diversity Award was announced on 14 October 2016, followed by Animation, Documentary and Youth awards on 17 October and the nominees for the feature film was announced on 24 October 2016.


10th Asian Film Awards
The 10th Asian Film Awards are the 2016 edition of the Asian Film Awards. The ceremony was held at the Venetian Theatre in The Venetian Casino and Hotel in Macau.


10th Avenue Bridge
The 10th Avenue Bridge crosses the Mississippi River near downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota and also in proximity to the University of Minnesota. The bridge historically was called the Cedar Avenue Bridge from days prior to the construction of the I-35W bridge when it connected to Cedar Ave. The bridge connects 10th Avenue Southeast, on the east side of the Mississippi River to 19th Avenue South, on the west side. The Seven Corners area of the Cedar-Riverside, Minneapolis neighborhood is at the south end of the bridge. The downstream end of the lower Saint Anthony Falls lock and dam extends under the bridge. The historic Southeast Steam Plant is also nearby.


10th Avenue Bridge
The bridge is considered the crowning achievement of Minneapolis city engineer Kristoffer Olsen Oustad, who was one of four prominent Norwegian-American men who designed major structures in the region.


10th Avenue Bridge, History
A bridge known as the "10th Avenue Bridge" was built upstream from the current bridge in 1874. That bridge extended from 10th Avenue South in downtown Minneapolis to 6th Avenue Southeast. It also was known as the "Tenth Avenue wagon bridge". The piers still are visible upstream from the current I-35W Mississippi River bridge. That bridge was  demolished in 1943 to provide scrap for the World War II war effort.


10th Avenue Bridge, History
Construction on the current bridge began in 1926, and it was completed in 1929. It was built to alleviate the traffic flows on the bridges serving downtown. The total length is 2,174.9 feet (662.9 m), with two central spans each 265.5 feet (80.9 m) across. It has an open spandrel arch design, and it is constructed of reinforced concrete. Higher and longer than any preceding bridge in the region, it was originally 2,921 feet (890.3 m) in overall length, 698 feet (213 m) longer than the nearby Third Avenue Bridge. It stands 110 feet (33.5 m) above the water's surface. The budgeted cost of the bridge in 1922 was US$943,209.71. For many years it was the river crossing for Minnesota State Highway 36.


10th Avenue Bridge, History
A major restoration was undertaken in 1972–1976, and the approach spans were altered (they were not considered architecturally significant, even when the bridge was new). The south approach span was relocated to go straight to Washington Avenue.


10th Avenue Bridge, History
The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.


10th Avenue Bridge, History
Roads in the vicinity were disrupted by the construction of Interstate 35W and a corresponding bridge (completed 1967; collapsed in 2007) one to two blocks upstream. During the days immediately following the I-35W bridge collapse, the 10th Avenue Bridge was closed to traffic, then later reopened; it was one of the most used locations from which to view the wreckage and the recovery efforts.


10th Avenue Bridge, History
The bridge was reported to be deteriorating in 2015. It was closed in 2020 for "replacing the bridge deck and other deteriorating concrete components." It is expected to re-open in the summer of 2021.


10th Avenue Freakout
10th Avenue Freakout is the third studio album by American indie rock band Fog. It was released on Lex Records in 2005.


10th Avenue Freakout, Critical reception
At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, 10th Avenue Freakout received an average score of 78% based on 11 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".


10th Avenue Freakout, Critical reception
Ben Peterson of AllMusic gave the album 4 stars out of 5, describing it as "a rhythmic, up-front electronic-pop album, much less pensive and subdued than Fog's previous full-length, Ether Teeth." He called it "consistently imaginative and never predictable." Liz Cordingley of XLR8R said: "Volleying between forceful and quirky, the avant-garde approach of this album gets closer to the human side of jazz than any digitized hip-hop beat." Ron Hart of Billboard called it "the most adventurous work in the Fog catalog yet."


10th Avenue station (IRT Flushing Line)
10th Avenue is a proposed station, first planned as part of the 7 Subway Extension for the IRT Flushing Line (7 and <7> trains) of the New York City Subway. It would be located at 10th Avenue and 41st Street and have two tracks and two side platforms if built. Under the original 2007 plan, there would be one street-level entrance for each direction, and no crossovers or crossunders to allow free transfer between directions.


10th Avenue station (IRT Flushing Line)
The station was not built due to a lack of funding, but it could be completed if funding became available to build it. Various development proposals since 2009 have included completion of the station.


10th Avenue station (IRT Flushing Line), Initial plans
Construction of the station was planned as part of the Hudson Yards Redevelopment Project, and construction was deemed possible as demand in the area grew. It was originally planned to be constructed as part of the 7 Subway Extension. The station would originally have had two exits from the eastbound platform to 40th Street—one at Hudson Boulevard and one east of 10th Avenue—and one from the westbound platform to 42nd Street east of 10th Avenue. Among the proponents is former deputy mayor Dan Doctoroff, who stated in 2015 that building the 10th Avenue station would boost development for decades.


10th Avenue station (IRT Flushing Line), Initial plans
A $450 million option to build a shell for the station was included as part of the October 2007 contract, requiring action by the city within nine months to have a shell built as part of the initial contract. Reports in late December 2007 indicated that the postponed station might be partially built, should the City of New York and the MTA come to terms on the additional financing for the station shell. As of October 2007, the city had no plans to fund the station; however, it could still be built if $550 million was raised privately to build the station. Construction of the station was estimated to have cost at least $450 million as of 2013.


10th Avenue station (IRT Flushing Line), Initial plans
In February 2009, the MTA announced that it would build the station if the agency received sufficient funds from the federal economic stimulus package. Otherwise, the station would be cut to keep costs under budget, as the 7 Subway Extension was already costing $2.4 billion.


10th Avenue station (IRT Flushing Line), Initial plans
Developers and local residents created a petition to construct the shell, fearing that the opportunity for a station would be lost once tunnel excavation was completed. In June 2010, the city announced it was seeking funding to assess the feasibility of constructing the station at a later date, using a two-platform, two-entrance model without an underground connecting passage. This type of station, while common in Manhattan, is not considered ideal by the MTA, but would nonetheless be acceptable were funding eventually found.


10th Avenue station (IRT Flushing Line), Initial plans
The planned entrances would still be located two blocks apart due to the location's depth—with the westbound entrance on 42nd Street and the eastbound entrance on 40th Street—but the new plan only called for one exit in each direction. New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg stated that he hoped that the station would be built in the future, with several others saying that building it would be "still possible".


10th Avenue station (IRT Flushing Line), Further proposals
Construction of the line proceeded to its completion in 2014 without the station or its shell, which would have been between the Times Square and 34th Street–Hudson Yards stations. The only evidence of the station's planned existence is the flattening out of the tunnel walls near where the station would have been. Building the "previously deferred No. 7 station at 10th Avenue" was a "key design element" of the proposed extension of the 7 service to Secaucus, New Jersey, but plans for that extension were later abandoned.


10th Avenue station (IRT Flushing Line), Further proposals
In January 2016, the New York City Economic Development Corporation released a request for proposal (RFP) for a site of a proposed development at 41st Street and Tenth Avenue. As part of that RFP, a study into the station's feasibility was to be conducted. The new station is projected to cost $1 billion, an increase from the previous estimate of $500 million. The new station could provide better access to a new Port Authority Bus Terminal if a connection was provided. In the Port Authority's 2016 design competition for a replacement Port Authority Bus Terminal west of Times Square, most of the announced finalists included the construction of, and direct access into, the Tenth Avenue station in their design plans.


10th Avenue station (IRT Flushing Line), Further proposals
In January 2021, developer Gotham Organization filed permits for a 47-story skyscraper to be built at 41st Street and 10th Avenue, near where the station's entrance would have been. The 2016 RFP for the station had been conducted for that skyscraper's construction. That June, New York City Council candidate Erik Bottcher proposed completing the station as part of his candidacy.


10th Avenue station (PNR)
10th Avenue station (also called as Asistio Avenue Station) is a railway station of the Philippine National Railways (PNR) as part of Governor Pascual - FTI Line. Like all PNR stations, the station is at grade. It is located on 10th Avenue in Caloocan, near the original Caloocan railway station.


10th Avenue station (PNR)
The station was meant to be a part of a revived commuter rail system, built during the term of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. After being constructed, no services to this station were ever provided until August 1, 2018, when it was opened for the Caloocan-Dela Rosa shuttle line. The northbound line is temporarily dismantled to give way for further works in NLEX Segment 10.1, and is currently a temporary single-line track. It was the terminus of said line until the clearing and recondition of the rails in the Caloocan station at Samson Road finished. The line has since been upgraded to terminate at FTI station, with this station no longer the terminus since September 10.


10th Avenue station (PNR)
Due to nearly a decade of disuse since its construction, the station has been weathered and its gate barriers no longer functioning. It did not have running electricity until very recently, shortly after its reactivation.


10th Avenue station (PNR), Nearby landmarks
The station is near major landmarks such as the PNR Compound, PNR Caloocan Railway Depot, Poblacion Market, old Caloocan City Hall, Caloocan Central Judiciary Complex, La Consolacion College-Caloocan and Caloocan Cathedral. Further away from the station are the new Caloocan City Hall and schools such as Caloocan Science High School, Caloocan High School, Systems Plus Computer College and University of Caloocan City. Further east and west are motorcycle parts and shop dealers along Mabini and 10th Avenue itself.


10th Avenue station (PNR), Transportation links
The station is accessible by jeepneys plying routes from A. Mabini Street through 11th Avenue in Caloocan.


10th Avenue station (PNR), Transportation links
Rail skates and rickshaws occasionally run along the line, providing an alternate source of transportation, though before the construction of NLEX Segment 10.1. This was the only line to travel to the Caloocan railway depot.


10th Avenue station (PNR), Transportation links
The elevated expressway for NLEX Segment 10.1 is located immediately beside the railway station, with neighboring houses demolished for the construction.


10th Avenue, Caloocan
10th Avenue, formerly known as Macario Asistio Sr. Avenue or simply Asistio Avenue, is an undivided four-lane street in Caloocan, Metro Manila, Philippines that stretches east–west, bisecting south Caloocan. Like most avenues in the Grace Park area, it crosses a grid system of numbered streets that run from north to south, with other numbered avenues running from east to west. 10th Avenue was formally renamed as "Asistio Avenue" prior to the reversion of its current name, owing to it being the tenth avenue running east–west from the city's border with Manila in the south. The former renaming was done in 1984 to honor the former Mayor of Caloocan who served from 1962 to 1971 and the father of another Caloocan mayor Boy Asistio, but has since been disregarded and reverted.


10th Avenue, Caloocan
10th Avenue and the present-day Grace Park district, through which it travels, was a pre–World War II civilian airfield known as the Manila North Airfield or Grace Park. This airfield, which opened in 1935 near the then-newly built Bonifacio Monument, was Manila's first commercial airport that served as a hub for Philippine Airlines for its first domestic routes. The airport was decommissioned after the war and was transformed by the government into a residential and industrial area.


10th Avenue, Caloocan, Route description
10th Avenue is a national road classified by the Department of Public Works and Highways as a tertiary road. The road runs for 2.2 kilometres (1.4 mi) from its western terminus at the intersection of M. Hizon Street and the Philippine National Railways line in Grace Park West to its eastern terminus at Kamantigue Street in Barrio Galino, close to A. Bonifacio Avenue at the city's border with Barangays Balingasa and Pag-Ibig sa Nayon in Balintawak, Quezon City.


10th Avenue, Caloocan, Route description
The avenue is divided into two segments by Rizal Avenue which also serves as the dividing line between Grace Park West and Grace Park East. At its western segment, 10th Avenue begins just east of the 10th Avenue railway station in Barangay 64 and curves slightly to the north before the intersection with Vibora Street and straightens out as it crosses several streets towards Rizal Avenue. Landmarks along this segment include the Caloocan public library, Caloocan High School and Caloocan City Science High School.


10th Avenue, Caloocan, Route description
East of Rizal Avenue, it runs in an almost perfectly straight line to its other terminus in Grace Park East. Located along this segment is the Caloocan campus of Systems Plus College Foundation. The New Caloocan City Hall is accessible via 8th and 9th Streets, a full block south of 10th Avenue.


10th Avenue, Caloocan, Route description
At the avenue's west end, it continues as Padre Burgos Street through Caloocan's poblacion and Dagat-Dagatan districts, providing access to the Caloocan Judicial Complex, Caloocan Poblacion Market, Caloocan Central Elementary School, and the Caloocan Cathedral.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States)
The 10th Aviation Regiment is an aviation regiment (United States Army Aviation Branch) of the U.S. Army.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), History
The regiment was constituted 21 August 1965, in the regular Army as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 10th Aviation Battalion. The battalion was activated 23 August 1965 at Fort Benning, Georgia, and redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 10th Aviation Battalion on 1 December 1968.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), History
10th Aviation was an important contributor to the United States Army's efforts in Vietnam. The unit provided critical Aviation support in the first Tet counter-offensive and distinguished itself by successfully fulfilling this vital role. 10th Aviation regularly repeated this standard for success in the intervening years and was recognized for valorous acts at Dak To and Tuy Hoa Valley. By the end of the Vietnam War, the unit had received two Army meritorious unit commendations and five awards for gallantry from the Republic of South Vietnam. After the war ended, the 10th Aviation Battalion was inactivated 30 December 1980 at Fort Lewis, Washington.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), History
On 17 April 1986 the battalion were assigned to the 1st Armored Division and activated in Germany. They were relieved from assignment to the 1st Armored Division and inactivated on 16 November 1987 in Germany.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), History
The unit was reorganized and re-designated on 2 October 1988 as the 10th Aviation, a parent regiment under the United States Army Regimental System, and transferred to the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command 1st Battalion was assigned to the 1st Aviation Brigade at Fort Rucker, Alabama. On 5 January 1996 they were consolidated with the 10th Aviation Company, and consolidated into a unit designated as the 10th Aviation.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 1st Battalion (Attack)
1st Battalion, 10th Aviation Regiment currently is constituted as part of the Army's 10th Combat Aviation Brigade at Fort Drum, New York. It is tasked as an Attack Helicopter Battalion composed of Boeing AH-64D Apache helicopters. Its most recent iteration has deployed multiple times in support of the Global War on Terrorism.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 1st Battalion (Attack)
The unit was originally constituted 17 April 1986 in the Regular Army as Company A, 10th Aviation Battalion, an element of the 1st Armored Division, and activated in Germany. It was then inactivated 16 November 1987 in Germany and relieved from assignment to the 1st Armored Division. It was re-designated 2 October 1988 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 10th Aviation and its headquarters concurrently transferred to the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command and activated at Fort Rucker, Alabama.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 1st Battalion (Attack)
The Headquarters was withdrawn 5 January 1996 from the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command and inactivated at Fort Rucker, Alabama. It was then assigned 16 March 1996 to the 10th Mountain Division and activated at Fort Drum, New York (organic elements concurrently constituted and activated). The battalion was relieved 19 September 2005 from its assignment to the 10th Mountain Division and assigned to the 10th Combat Aviation Brigade, 10th Mountain Division.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 1st Battalion (Attack)
It was re-designated 1 October 2005 as the 1st Battalion, 10th Aviation Regiment, inactivated 15 October 2006 at Fort Drum, New York and then reactivated 15 June 2008 at Hunter Army Airfield, Georgia. Following its reactivation, the battalion deployed to Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom under the 10th Combat Aviation Brigade in October 2008. After redeploying back to the U.S., the unit was reassigned to the 10th Combat Aviation Brigade and transferred back to Fort Drum in October 2009. After transferring back to Fort Drum, the battalion, along with the rest of the 10th CAB, was restructured into a task force for an upcoming deployment to Afghanistan in 2010 in command of Major General Townsend, Colonel Francis, Lieutenant Colonel Ward, and Command Sergeant Major Paul.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
Our mission is to maintain an aviation brigade, trained and ready to deploy anywhere in the world to conduct combat, combat support and combat service support aviation operations to enable the 10th Mountain Division (LI) to fight and win!


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
The 10th Aviation was constituted on Sept. 21, 1965, in the Regular Army as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 10th Aviation Battalion. The unit activated on Aug. 23, 1965, at Fort Benning, Georgia, and it was redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 10th Aviation Battalion, on Dec. 1, 1968.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
The 10th Aviation was an important contributor to the U.S. Army’s efforts in Vietnam. The unit provided critical aviation support in the first Tet counter-offensive, and it distinguished itself by successfully fulfilling this vital role. The 10th Aviation regularly repeated this standard for success in the intervening years and was recognized for valorous acts at Dak To and Tuy Hoa, receiving Commendations (Army) and five awards for gallantry from the Republic of South Vietnam. The 10th Aviation was inactivated Dec. 30, 1980, at Fort Lewis, Washington.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
On July 2, 1988, the 10th Aviation Brigade was reactivated at Griffiss Air Force Base in Rome, New York, as part of the 10th Mountain Division (Light Infantry); it relocated to Fort Drum, New York, in 1990. Since then, it has played a key role in all division missions, to include support for Hurricane Andrew Relief in south Florida, Operations Restore Hope and Continue Hope in Somalia, Operation Uphold Democracy in Haiti, SFOR and KFOR missions in Bosnia and Kosovo, and most recently, Operations Iraqi Freedom in Iraq and Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan. In each instance, the brigade demonstrated its capability to rapidly deploy and conduct aviation missions upon arrival while emphasizing safety and readiness.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In July 2003, the 10th Aviation Brigade Headquarters deployed to Bagram Airfield, and 2nd Battalion, 10th Aviation Regiment, deployed to Kandahar Airfield in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) IV. While deployed, 10th Aviation Brigade assumed command of Task Force Panther, Task Force Talon, and Task Force Red Dawg (U.S. Marine Corps), and the brigade was renamed Combined Joint Task Force Falcon.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In January 2006, the 10th Aviation Brigade Headquarters, along with the newly formed 3rd General Support Aviation Battalion, 10th Aviation Regiment, and 277th Aviation Support Battalion, deployed to Bagram, with 2-10 Aviation again deploying to Kandahar, this time with a slice of 277th ASB. Upon completion of their mission in support of OEF VII, the units returned to Fort Drum.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In October 2008, the 10th CAB Headquarters, along with 1-10 Aviation, 2-10 Aviation, 3-10 Aviation and 277th ASB, deployed to Contingency Operating Base Speicher, while 6th Squadron, 6th Cavalry Regiment, deployed to Mosul in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom VIII.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In October 2010, the 10th CAB Headquarters, along with Task Force Phoenix (3-10 Aviation), and Task Force Mountain Eagle (277th ASB) deployed to Bagram Airfield, while Task Force Knighthawk (2-10 Aviation) deployed to Forward Operating Base Shank, Task Force Tigershark (1-10 Aviation) deployed to Salerno, and Task Force Six Shooters (6-6 Cavalry) deployed to Jalalabad Airfield to support Operation Enduring Freedom XI.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In February 2012, the 10th CAB Headquarters, along with TF Phoenix (3-10 Aviation) deployed to Bagram Airfield, while TF Knighthawk (2-10 Aviation) deployed to FOB Shank, and TF Tigershark (1-10 Aviation) deployed to Salerno in support of Operation Enduring Freedom XIV.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In February 2013, the brigade successfully deployed to Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In February 2015, D/10 “Gray Eagle” Company deployed to Afghanistan in support of Operation Freedom’s Sentinel.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In October 2015, 6th Squadron, 6th Cavalry Regiment, deployed to South Korea with their OH-58D Kiowa helicopters. After their return from the rotation, the airframe was retired in July 2016, and 6-6 Cavalry transitioned into a heavy attack reconnaissance squadron (HARS) flying AH-64D Apache helicopters and RQ-7 Shadow unmanned aerial vehicles.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In March 2016, Soldiers of 1st Attack Reconnaissance Battalion, 10th Aviation Regiment, deployed to Iraq and Kuwait in an advisory role as part of Operation Inherent Resolve and Operation Spartan Shield.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In January 2017, D/10 “Gray Eagle” Company deployed to Iraq and Kuwait in support of both Operation Spartan Shield and Operation Inherent Resolve.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In February 2017, Soldiers of 10th CAB, augmented by 1-501st Attack Reconnaissance Battalion, 1st Combat Aviation Brigade, deployed across Europe in support of NATO and Atlantic Resolve 2.0.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
In September 2017, 6-6 Cavalry returned to South Korea for a nine-month rotation to augment 2nd Combat Aviation Brigade, this time as an H-ARB.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 2nd Aviation Battalion (Assault)
Today, the 10th Combat Aviation Brigade stands ready to deploy in support of contingency operations worldwide.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 3rd Battalion (General Support)
3rd Battalion, 10th Aviation is an active duty aviation battalion serving under the United States' 10th Mountain Division (Light Infantry). It is tasked with general support as part of the 10th Combat Aviation Brigade. The unit has deployed three times in support of the ongoing Global War on Terrorism.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 3rd Battalion (General Support)
The 3rd Battalion, 10th Aviation Regiment was first constituted on 16 September 2005, and designated Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC), 3rd Battalion, 10th Aviation Regiment, with its organic elements concurrently constituted and activated. On 19 September 2005, the unit was relieved of its assignment to the 10th Mountain Division (LI), and was reassigned to the 10th Combat Aviation Brigade (CAB), 10th Mountain Division (LI). Re -designated the 3rd General Support Aviation Battalion (GSAB), 10th Aviation Regiment on 1 October 2005, the "Phoenix Battalion" continues to conduct full-spectrum aviation operations as a component of either the 10th Mountain Division (LI), or any other assigned parent unit due to the needs of today's modular Army.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 3rd Battalion (General Support)
The battalion served in Operation Enduring Freedom VII (Afghanistan) from February, 2006, to February, 2007, where it conducted personnel transportation, re-supply, and air assault missions under the 10th Mountain Division (LI) in support of ongoing ISAF operations in the region. The battalion also provided aircraft for then-ongoing relief operations after the 2005 Kashmir earthquake that devastated much of northeastern Pakistan.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 3rd Battalion (General Support)
After nearly 18 months of stateside reprieve, the battalion was once again deployed, where it served in Operation Iraqi Freedom 08-10 (Iraq) from November, 2008, to November, 2009. The battalion once again performed personnel movement, re-supply, and air assault missions (though this time under the 25th Infantry Division (L)) throughout its area of operations. In January 2010, the battalion comprised a Headquarters and Headquarters Company (Staff/Personnel/Security/Operations/Supply/Communications), A Company (VIP/Personnel Movement), B Company (Heavy Lift), C Company (MEDEVAC), D Company (Aviation Maintenance), E Company (Aviation Refuel/Ground Maintenance), and F Company (Air Traffic Control).


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 3rd Battalion (General Support)
Following the battalion's return from Iraq in 2009, the unit was restructured as task force's, TF Knighthawk, TF Phoenix, and TF Falcon, supplementing its own elements with elements from 2-10 Assault, 6-6 Cavalry, and 1-10 Attack. 6-6 CAV integrated with C 1-10 ATK Blue Max, combining into one dual-airframe flight company, the only one like it in the Army. It consisted of 6 OH-58D and 6 AH-64D helicopters.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 3rd Battalion (General Support)
During the battalion's 12-month dwell time, the unit received and trained up on new "Foxtrot" model Chinooks, as well as muti-platform mission execution and performed a training rotation in Fort Carson, Colorado in preparation for an upcoming deployment to Afghanistan. In August 2010, the unit began deploying forces from C Company MEDEVAC to Afghanistan, with the rest of the battalion following suit in October 2010. The task force returned from Afghanistan in October 2011, where it began receiving and train up on the new "Mike" model Blackhawk helicopter as well as preparation for another deployment to Afghanistan in 2013.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 3rd Battalion (General Support)
After Hurricane Sandy's landfall, the unit sent a group of UH-60L, UH-60M, HH-60M and CH-47F helicopters to Bedford, Massachusetts to assist in operations to assess damages, and to provide relief.


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 3rd Battalion (General Support)
The battalion's equipment includes the UH-60 "Blackhawk", and the CH-47


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 3rd Battalion (General Support)
Valorous Unit Award, Streamer embroidered TUY HOA VALLEYValorous Unit Award, Streamer embroidered DAK TOMeritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1965–1966Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1966–1967


10th Aviation Regiment (United States), 3rd Battalion (General Support)
DefenseCounteroffensiveCounteroffensive, Phase IICounteroffensive, Phase IIITet CounteroffensiveCounteroffensive, Phase IVCounteroffensive, Phase VCounteroffensive, Phase VITet 69/CounteroffensiveSummer-Fall 1969Winter-Spring 1970Sanctuary CounteroffensiveCounteroffensive, Phase VIIConsolidation IConsolidation II


10th BRICS summit
The 2018 BRICS summit is the tenth annual BRICS summit, an international relations conference attended by the heads of state or heads of government of the five member states Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The summit was held in Johannesburg, South Africa, the second time the South Africa has hosted the summit after the 2013 summit.


10th BRICS summit
Partnership on New Industrial Revolution (PartNIR):It is a programme of partnership among BRICS nation that will focus on Maximising the opportunities arising from the fourth industrial revolution/New Industrial Revolution. It was formed at the 10th BRICS summit in Johannesburg 11th summit will be held in Brazil for that remaining partners extended full support . 4th to 7th summit at Ufa Russia  are related to NDB .


10th Baluch Regiment
The 10th Baluch or Baluch Regiment  was a regiment of the British Indian Army from 1922 to 1947. After independence, it was transferred to the Pakistan Army. In 1956, it was amalgamated with the 8th Punjab and Bahawalpur Regiments. During more than a hundred years of military service, the 10th Baluch Regiment acquired a distinguished record amongst the regiments of the British Indian Army. Its list of honours and awards includes four Victoria Crosses.


10th Baluch Regiment, The Bombay Army
The Baluch Regiment originated in the Army of Bombay Presidency in 1844, when Sir Charles Napier raised the 1st Belooch (old spelling of Baluch) Battalion (raised as the Scinde Beloochee Corps and designated as 27th Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry in 1861) for local service in the newly conquered province of Sindh. Two years later, another Belooch battalion was raised (designated as the 29th Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry in 1861), while in 1858, John Jacob raised Jacob's Rifles (30th Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry), which would soon become the 3rd Belooch Regiment.


10th Baluch Regiment, The Bombay Army
The term 'local' was interpreted fairly loosely when it became necessary to send the 2nd Beloochees to the Persian War in 1856-57, a campaign frequently overshadowed by the events of the Indian Mutiny in 1857. The 1st was in Karachi when the news of the insurrection reached the Commissioner. Sir Bartle Frere dispatched them with all haste, on foot across the Sindh desert in May, to join the siege artillery train on its way to Delhi; the only Bombay unit to join the Delhi Field Force.


10th Baluch Regiment, The Bombay Army
The regiment was brought into line for its services in North India as the 27th Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry. Meanwhile, the 2nd Beloochees were also regularized as the 29th Regiment. In 1862, the 2nd Beloochees were dispatched to China to suppress the Taiping Rebellion. Two years later, they became some of the first foreign troops to be stationed in Japan, when two companies were sent to Yokohama as a part of the garrison guarding the British legation. The 1st Beloochees greatly distinguished themselves in the tough Abyssinian Campaign of 1868 and were made Light Infantry as a reward. All Baloch battalions took part in the Second Afghan War of 1878-80, where the Jacob's Rifles suffered heavy casualties at the Battle of Maiwand. The 1st Belooch Regiment again distinguished itself in 1885-87 during the Third Burma War.


10th Baluch Regiment, The Bombay Army
In 1891, two battalions of Bombay Infantry also became "Baluchi," when they were reconstituted with Baluchis, Hazaras and Pathans from Baluchistan and localized in the province. The first of these, the 24th (Baluchistan) Infantry was raised in 1820, while the other, 26th (Baluchistan) Infantry was raised in 1825. Following the Kitchener Reforms of 1903, these battalions were redesignated as the 124th Duchess of Connaught's Own Baluchistan Infantry, 126th Baluchistan Infantry, 127th Queen Mary's Own Baluch Light Infantry, 129th Duke of Connaught's Own Baluchis and 130th King George's Own Baluchis (Jacob's Rifles). In 1914, their full dress uniforms included red trousers worn with rifle green or drab tunics.


10th Baluch Regiment, First World War
During the First World War, most of the regiments raised second battalions, while the 124th Baluchistan Infantry raised two battalions. Only 2/124th Baluchistan Infantry of the wartime raisings was retained after the post-war reforms.


10th Baluch Regiment, First World War
The 129th DCO Baluchis served on the Western Front in France and Belgium, where they became the first Indian regiment to attack the Germans and the only Indian regiment to fight in both the First & Second Battles of Ypres. At Hollebeke, during the First Ypres, Sepoy Khudadad Khan became the first Muslim and pre partition Indian soldier to win the Victoria Cross; Britain's highest decoration for valour. Prior to 1911 pre partition Indian soldiers had not been eligible for the Victoria Cross. The battalion would go on to serve with distinction in German East Africa alongside the 127th QMO Baluch Light Infantry and 130th KGO Baluchis. Meanwhile, the 1st and 3rd Battalions of 124th DCO Baluchistan Infantry served in Persia, while the 2nd distinguished itself in Mesopotamia and Palestine.


10th Baluch Regiment, Inter-War Period
After the First World War, a major re-organization of British Indian Army took place. Most of the wartime units were disbanded, while the remaining single-battalion regiments were merged to form large regimental groups of 4-6 battalions each. Among these was the 10th Baluch Regiment, formed in 1922 at Rajkot (Rajasthan) from the five old Baluch battalions and the second battalion of 124th Baluchistan Infantry. The regimental depot later shifted to Karachi. The distinctive rifle green and red uniform of the old Baluch battalions was adopted by the entire regiment.


10th Baluch Regiment, Inter-War Period
The officers wore a cherry boss surmounted by a silver 'X' on field and forage caps, while the old battalion badges continued to be worn on pagris and helmets by the 1st, 3rd, 4th and 5th Battalions. It was not until 1945 that a single cap badge was adopted by the regiment on introduction of berets during the Second World War. It consisted of a Roman numeral 'X' within a crescent moon, a crown above and title scroll below, all in white metal. The badges of rank were in black metal with red edging, while the lanyard was of rifle green cord with two red runners. Another distinctive feature of Baluchi uniforms were plain silver ball buttons worn on service and mess dresses.


10th Baluch Regiment, Second World War
The regiment's record of service in the war was once again most impressive. It suffered 6572 casualties and won numerous gallantry awards including two Victoria Crosses to Naik Fazal Din and Sepoy Bhandari Ram. During the Second World War, the regiment raised another ten battalions, although most of them were disbanded after the war. At the end of 1945, the 10th Baluch Regiment lost its number and became The Baluch Regiment.


10th Baluch Regiment, Post-independence
At the time of independence, the active battalions were 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 7th &  17th. The regiment was allotted to Pakistan. Dogra companies of the Baluch Regiment were transferred to the Indian Army. The Regimental Centre shifted to Quetta in 1947 to make room for the Government offices in the new capital of Pakistan. In 1948, the 6th and 8th Battalions were re-raised in response to the war with India in Kashmir, where the 4th Battalion greatly distinguished itself in the Battle of Pandu. In 1956, major reorganization took place in the Pakistan Army and larger infantry groups were created by amalgamating the existing infantry regiments. As a result, the 8th Punjab and Bahawalpur Regiments were absorbed by the Baluch Regiment (now called the Baloch Regiment). The new line up of the regiment was:


10th Bangladesh National Film Awards
The 10th Bangladesh National Film Awards (Bengali: জাতীয় চলচ্চিত্র পুরস্কার) were presented by the Ministry of Information, Bangladesh, to felicitate the best of Bangladeshi cinema released in the year 1985. Bangladesh National Film Awards is a film award ceremony in Bangladesh established in 1975 by Government of Bangladesh. Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in Dhaka. 1985 was the 10th ceremony of Bangladesh National Film Award.


10th Bangladesh National Film Awards, List of winners
A total of 14 artists were awarded in this ceremony. Best Film and Best Male Playback Singer awards were not given in 1985.


10th Battalion (Australia)
The 10th Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army that served as part of the all-volunteer Australian Imperial Force during World War I. Among the first units raised in Australia during the war, the battalion was recruited from South Australia in August 1914 and formed part of the 3rd Brigade, 1st Division. After basic training, the battalion embarked for Egypt where further training was undertaken until the battalion was committed to the Gallipoli campaign. During the landing at Anzac Cove, it came ashore as part of the initial covering force.


10th Battalion (Australia)
Members of the 10th Battalion penetrated the furthest inland of any Australian troops during the initial fighting, before the Allied advance inland was checked. After this, the battalion helped defend the beachhead against a heavy counter-attack in May, before joining the failed August Offensive. Casualties were heavy throughout the campaign and in November 1915, the surviving members were withdrawn from the peninsula. In early 1916, the battalion was reorganised in Egypt at which time it provided a cadre staff to the newly formed 50th Battalion. It was transferred to the Western Front in March 1916, and for the next two-and-a-half years took part in trench warfare in France and Belgium until the Armistice in 1918. The last detachment of men from the 10th Battalion returned to Australia in September 1919.


10th Battalion (Australia)
Following the war, the battalion was re-raised as a part-time unit based in South Australia, drawing personnel and lineage from a number of previously existing militia units. The unit served briefly during the inter-war years, before being merged with the 50th Battalion in 1930 as the size of Australia's part-time military forces was decreased following the conclusion of the compulsory service scheme. It was re-raised in its own right in the mid-1930s as the Australian military was reorganised as part of the country's war preparations. During World War II the 10th was mobilised for full-time service.


10th Battalion (Australia)
Following Japan's entry into the war, the battalion was assigned to defend the New South Wales southern coast before being reassigned to the defence of Darwin and being amalgamated with the 48th Battalion in August 1942. In the post-war period, the 10th Battalion was re-raised in 1948 as part of the Citizens Military Force and throughout the 1950s served as a training unit for national servicemen.


10th Battalion (Australia)
In 1960, it became part of the Royal South Australia Regiment (RSAR) and was reduced to several company-sized elements within that regiment's 1st Battalion, before being reformed as a full battalion within the RSAR in 1965. It remained on the Australian Army's order of battle until 1987, when it was amalgamated with the 27th Battalion to form the 10th/27th Battalion, Royal South Australia Regiment.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I
The 10th Battalion was raised shortly after the outbreak of World War I as part of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF), an all-volunteer force established for overseas service. Recruited in South Australia, the battalion came into being on 17 August 1914 at the Morphettville Racecourse in Adelaide, drawing volunteers mainly from the local population as well as some from Broken Hill in outback New South Wales.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I
Volunteers included men who had previously served in the part-time forces before the war, coming from a variety of units including the 10th Australian Infantry Regiment, which had formerly been known as the "Adelaide Rifles". Commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Stanley Price Weir, after formation the battalion was attached to the 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, along with the 9th, 11th and 12th Battalions, and was one of the first units of the AIF raised for the war.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I
With an establishment of 31 officers and 974 other ranks spread across eight companies, the battalion's personnel received a short period of individual basic training, culminating in the presentation of the regimental colours on 17 September and a march past the state Parliament House on 21 September. The following month, collective training at company and battalion level took place at Belair National Park and at Glenelg, South Australia. On 20 October, the battalion embarked on the ex-passenger liner, HMAT Ascanius, bound for the Middle East; it was the first South Australian infantry unit to leave Australia during the war.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I
After briefly stopping in Albany, where its convoy was delayed due to concerns over the presence of German warships en route, the 10th Battalion departed Australian waters in November and proceeded towards Egypt. Initially, the plan had been for the battalion to continue on the United Kingdom from where it would subsequently move to the Western Front. Poor conditions and overcrowding in training camps in the United Kingdom resulted in the decision to disembark the Australians in Alexandria instead. Arriving there on 4 December 1914, the battalion was sent into camp at Mena, near Cairo.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I
The 10th Battalion underwent desert training in January and February 1915, during which time it was reorganised around the four-company structure that had been adopted by the British. Designated 'A' to 'D', each company consisted of 228 men that were spread across four platoons.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I
In late February, the 3rd Brigade received orders that it was being committed to an operation to seize the Dardanelles Strait near where it enters the Mediterranean Sea, to secure passage through to the Black Sea via the Aegean Sea and the Sea of Marmara in the wake of a failed naval operation to force the straits. After moving by rail to Alexandria, on 1 March the battalion boarded the Ionian, a Greek steamer.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I
After reaching Lemnos, a shortage of fresh water on the island meant that the battalion was accommodated on the ship for the next seven weeks, although they spent their days ashore conducting exercises and mounting guard duty. Planning for a landing on the Gallipoli Peninsula began in early April; while this proceeded, on 15 April the battalion was issued its distinctive blue and purple unit colour patch.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Gallipoli campaign
On 24 April 1915, the 10th Battalion embarked for Gallipoli along with the rest of the 1st Division. Two companies and the battalion headquarters were allocated to the battleship HMS Prince of Wales, while the other two companies embarked on two destroyers, Scourge and Foxhound. At approximately 4:30 am on 25 April, the 10th Battalion was one of the first units to come ashore at Anzac Cove as part of the covering force – drawn from Colonel Ewen Sinclair-Maclagan's 3rd Brigade – for the main Anzac landing.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Gallipoli campaign
Troops from the battalion landed near the centre of the cove and, ascending the Ariburnu Ridge, attempted to push inland towards the Sari Bair Range. According to the Australian War Memorial, scouts from the battalion are "believed to have penetrated further inland than any other Australians". Amidst the chaos of the landing, they quickly found themselves isolated and had to withdraw back to the main concentration of Australian troops around the 400 Plateau. Following the initial landing, the battalion was in action for the next four days, holding the line until relieved by a battalion of Royal Marines.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Gallipoli campaign
The rest was brief, as the 10th were recommitted to the fighting on 1 May. Casualties in the first weeks of the campaign were heavy, with the battalion losing 397 men killed or wounded between 25 April and 9 May. The advance stalled as Turkish resistance grew, and the Turks launched a heavy counter-attack on 19 May. By this time, the 3rd Brigade was located around Bolton's Ridge, with the brigade's four battalions occupying the line abreast; the 10th Battalion occupying a position south of Lone Pine, overlooking a wheat field through which the Turkish attack came.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Gallipoli campaign
Caught in deadly crossfire, the attack was turned back with heavy losses. Following this, as both sides dug in, the campaign ground to a stalemate, and the battalion undertook mainly defensive duties along the perimeter around Anzac Cove. On 8 July, the remnants of the battalion, which now consisted of just over 500 personnel, was withdrawn to Imbros Island for a brief rest period out of the line, before returning to Anzac Cove on 11 July; after this, the 10th Battalion relieved the 11th, occupying a position around Silt Spur, opposite Lone Pine.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Gallipoli campaign
In early August, the Allies attempted to break out from the beach, launching an offensive around Anzac Cove in the centre of the Allied position, as well as Suvla Bay to the north, and Cape Helles to the south; the 10th Battalion played a support role during the offensive, providing reinforcement parties and machine-gun crews to support the 1st Brigade during the Battle of Lone Pine. The offensive was a costly failure and afterwards stalemate returned to the battlefield.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Gallipoli campaign
As winter approached, conditions on the peninsula grew harsher and a large number of personnel had to be evacuated sick as a wave of dysentery swept through the battalion. In September, the 2nd Division arrived to reinforce the forces at Anzac. In mid-November, as the Allied commanders debated the future of the campaign, the 3rd Brigade received orders to pull back from the frontline, so that it could be withdrawn to Lemnos for rest. On 16 November, the 10th Battalion took up reserve positions on the beach, before embarking on the transport Princess Ena.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Gallipoli campaign
It landed at Mudros, and spent the rest of November and December there. Meanwhile, the main Allied force was evacuated from the peninsula, with the last Australian troops withdrawing on 20 December. On Boxing Day 1915, the 10th Battalion sailed for Egypt, arriving in Alexandria on 29 December. Losses on Gallipoli had been heavy – 711 casualties were reported in the battalion between April and September 1915 – and the AIF underwent a period of reorganisation as it was expanded in preparation for its deployment to the European battlefield. As a part of this process, the 10th Battalion provided a cadre of experienced personnel to the newly raised 50th Battalion, which was assigned to the 13th Brigade, 4th Division, and was brought up to strength with fresh recruits from Australia.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
In March 1916, the 10th Battalion sailed to France along with the rest of the 1st Division and deployed to the Somme. Arriving at Marseilles in early April, the battalion undertook training at Strazeele before moving by train to Godewaersvelde and then Sailly-sur-la-Lys. In mid-May, the battalion occupied billets in the Petillon Sector; on 19 May the billets were shelled resulting in losses amounting to three killed and seven wounded. On 6 June, the battalion entered the front line for the first time on the Western Front, occupying positions around Fleurbaix.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
The battalion's first significant action on the Western Front came in late July 1916 when it was involved in the Battle of Pozières, an effort to secure the village of Pozières and the high ground beyond it as part of the wider Battle of the Somme; the battalion's casualties during this battle were around 350. For his actions during this battle, Second Lieutenant Arthur Blackburn, an original member of the battalion who had served with it during the Gallipoli campaign, was awarded the Victoria Cross.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
A month later, the 10th took part in the fighting around Mouquet Farm, incurring over 100 more casualties. Later, the 10th Battalion fought around Ypres, in Belgium, in front of Hill 60, before being transferred back to the Somme trenches in the winter, during which time they occupied positions around Guedecourt, Cardonette and Bazentin.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
After the German withdrawal towards the Hindenburg Line in early 1917, the battalion took part in several actions as the Allied line was advanced. The first came around the railway switch at Le Barque in late February. Another attack was made at Lourverval on 8 and 9 April, before undertaking a defensive role during the German attack on Lagnicourt on 15 April. This was followed in early May by the Second Battle of Bullecourt.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
Later, it was again moved to Belgium to take part in the Third Battle of Ypres, where it was committed to fighting around the Menin Road in September. During an attack around Polygon Wood, Private Roy Inwood's actions resulted in him being awarded the battalion's second Victoria Cross. The battalion suffered heavily during its early involvement in the Ypres fighting and was briefly withdrawn before being recommitted to support operations around Broodseinde at the beginning of October.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
In the early hours of 9 October 1917, a force of 88 men from the 10th Battalion carried out a raid on German positions in what became known as the "Mystery of Celtic Wood"; 32 men were killed during the raid, and a further 37 were wounded. In November, the battalion was withdrawn to the Boulogne area for rest, before returning to Belgium in December, occupying positions around Messines.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
In early 1918, following the collapse of Russia, the Germans were able to transfer many troops to the Western Front. In March, they launched the Spring Offensive, attacking the southern part of the British sector in the Somme. As the Allies were pushed back towards Amiens, the Australian divisions were brought south to help blunt the attack.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
Throughout late March and into April 1918, the 10th Battalion took part in a series of defensive actions, including fighting around Hazebrouck, as the German offensive was halted, before joining in the preliminary operations before the Allied Hundred Days Offensive that ultimately brought about an end to the war. It was at this stage in the fighting, in late June, during fighting around Merris in France, that Corporal Phillip Davey earned the battalion's third Victoria Cross.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
A peaceful penetration operation planned by Lieutenant Colonel Maurice Wilder-Neligan, the attack began as a demonstration to cover an attack by British units to the south. Through a series of patrols and small-scale raids, the battalion secured 450 metres (1,480 ft) of ground, captured a large quantity of weapons and equipment and 35 prisoners, and inflicted over 100 casualties for just seven of its own killed, and 37 wounded. The effort so impressed the British Inspector General that he described it as "the best show ever done by a battalion in France".


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
On 8 August 1918, when the Allies launched the Hundred Days Offensive, the battalion participated in an attack on Amiens that has since been described as one of the most successful for the Allies on the Western Front and, in the words of Erich Ludendorff, the "... blackest day for the German Army". The battalion was out of the line when the offensive began, but followed up the advance moving through Corbie to Harbonnieres. There, on 10 August, the battalion supported the 9th Battalion's attack on Crepey Wood, which was cleared and then occupied.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
Throughout the afternoon, the battalion endured a heavy artillery bombardment and then repulsed a strong German counter-attack. The next day, the 10th captured Lihons, with the support of the 12th Battalion. A period of rest out of the line followed, before the battalion was committed to another attack around Proyart on 23 August. The attack was very successful, resulting in the battalion advancing 6,000 yards (5,500 m) and securing important high features and woods around Cappy.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
The battalion remained at the front until late September 1918; its last battle took place at Jeancourt on 18 September, during which it suffered a further 140 casualties. Later in the month, the Australian Corps, having been severely depleted due to heavy casualties and the dwindling supply of reinforcements from Australia, was withdrawn from the line for rest and re-organisation. As a result, the battalion took no further part in the fighting and when the Armistice was declared on 11 November 1918 it was moving by train from Brucamps to Ephey to return to the front.


10th Battalion (Australia), History, World War I, Western Front
Over 9,000 men served in the battalion's ranks during the war, including over 25 full drafts of reinforcements, and miscellaneous transfers from other units and general service reinforcements. Casualties totalled 1,015 men killed and 2,136 wounded. In addition to the three Victoria Crosses, members of the battalion were awarded one Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George, nine Distinguished Service Orders and one Bar, 34 Military Crosses and four Bars, sixteen Distinguished Conduct Medals, 149 Military Medals plus 11 Bars and one second Bar, and nine Meritorious Service Medals. In 1927, the battalion was awarded a total of 24 battle honours for its war service.