10th Aerospace Defense Group, History, Space Mission, Anti Satellite Defense
The 10th Aerospace Defense Squadron  was activated in late 1963 to operate Weapons System 437, using nuclear equipped Thor missiles. The squadron was located at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, but launch facilities were at Johnston Island Air Force Base. Two missiles were stationed at each location.


10th Aerospace Defense Group, History, Space Mission, Anti Satellite Defense
In 1961, Air Force Systems Command (AFSC) had formed the 6595th Test Squadron to perform operational testing on the system. As the program approached operational status, AFSC transferred the 6595th to Air Defense Command (ADC) in November 1962. ADC discontinued the test squadron and used its personnel and equipment to activate the 10th Aerospace Defense Squadron The group replaced the squadron in 1967. The Johnston Island location was upgraded to a subordinate squadron at the same time.


10th Aerospace Defense Group, History, Space Mission, Defense Meteorological Satellite Program
At the end of 1970, the 10th Squadron replaced the group and the 24th Aerospace Defense Squadron. WS 437 was put into standby status with the squadron maintaining system components. The squadron then changed its mission to support of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). The DMSP mission was performed by Strategic Air Command until it was transferred to ADC in 1970.


10th Aerospace Defense Group, History, Space Mission, Defense Meteorological Satellite Program
The DMSP generates terrestrial and space weather data for United States operational forces worldwide. Data from this program is also furnished to the civilian community through the Department of Commerce. DMSP satellites circle the Earth at an altitude of about 500 miles in a near-polar, sun-synchronous orbit. The Block 5 DMSP satellites launched during the time the squadron was active used Thor launchers (similar to those used by WS 437) to boost them into orbit. In 1979, the squadron was inactivated when responsibility for management of the DMSP program was transferred to Space Division of AFSC.


10th Aerospace Defense Group, History, Space Mission, Defense Meteorological Satellite Program
Unfortunately, the squadron remained responsible for operational DMSP launches, "the [AFSC] program office authorized launch of the last Block 5C satellite on 19 February 1976 with incorrect weight-to-propellant-loading calculations. Launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base, the Thor/Burner II booster rose majestically through the atmosphere, reached the edge of space, exhausted its propellant, and the DMSP satellite whistled back to Earth—a total loss."


10th Aerospace Defense Group, History, Air Defense in Hawaii
In 1992, the 10th squadron was again activated as the 10th Air Defense Squadron, replacing the 6010th Aerospace Defense Group at Wheeler Air Force Base when the USAF eliminated or redesignated all existing MAJCON (major command controlled) four digit units. The 6010th had been formed by upgrading the 6010th Aerospace Defense Flight in 1989 when the 327th Air Division was inactivated.


10th Aerospace Defense Group, History, Air Defense in Hawaii
The squadron coordinated air defense activities in Hawaii with the Hawaii Air National Guard and maintained operational control of Air National Guard alert aircraft. The squadron supervised aircraft control and warning units within the Pacific Islands Defense Region, directing aircraft operations and defense activities from its Air Defense Control Center. The squadron continued these activities until it was inactivated in 1997.


10th Aerospace Defense Group, References, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


10th Africa Movie Academy Awards
The 10th Africa Movie Academy Awards ceremony honouring movies of 2013 was scheduled to take place in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State on 26 April 2014, but was shifted to 24 May 2014. The nomination party was held at Emperor Palace, Johannesburg, South Africa on 2 April 2014.


10th Africa Movie Academy Awards, Winners and nominees
Entries were open for the award in December 2013 and closed on 15 January 2014, the films for submission must have been produced, premiered and/or released between May 2012 and December 2013. Over 500 films were submitted for the awards from 40 countries across the world; the nomination process involved five stages before the best 30 films were shortlisted for nomination. Before this edition, there used to be a ten-man jury to determine the nominees but it has been increased to fifteen.


10th Africa Movie Academy Awards, Winners and nominees
The nominees for the 10th Africa Movie Academy Awards were announced on 2 April 2014 at Emperor Palace, Johannesburg, South Africa, the main event which was initially scheduled to be held on 26 April 2014 has been shifted to 24 May 2014 and will be held at Gabriel Okara Cultural Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa, Nigeria. This is the first time the award will be held in May as previous ceremonies had always been held in the month of April. Of Good Report received the most nominations with 13; The Forgotten Kingdom and Potomanto came in second with 9.


10th Africa Movie Academy Awards, Winners and nominees
Danny Glover presented the Best Film award to the film Of Good Report. The AMAA winners for 2014 will be part of AFA's cinema project in East Africa.


10th Africa Movie Academy Awards, Ceremony information
Since the 9th Edition of the awards, there has been subaudible public uproar regarding the host country of the 10th landmark ceremony as it was rumoured that South Africa has been bidding to host the event for quite sometime. AMAA officials didn't issue any statement on the rumours until December 2013 when the founder, Peace Anyiam Osigwe came out at a Lagos press briefing on 19 December 2013 and  stated "you will hear from me on January 1". It was later revealed that both South Africa and Malawi have been bidding to host the event, but Osigwe stated that it was turned down as it would be difficult to tell the Nigerian people that the 10th AMAA ceremony will be held outside Nigeria.


10th Africa Movie Academy Awards, Ceremony information
Lydia Forson and Kunle Afolayan was selected as the year's Face of AMAA. According to Osigwe, the two were chosen because they understand what AMAA stands for and its visions. As AMAA Ambassadors, they will be travelling around the world to carry out various activities for a period of one year.


10th Africa Movie Academy Awards, Ceremony information, Renamed and discontinued categories
To mark the 10th edition of the award ceremony, some changes have been employed in the AMAA categories; Nelson Mandela Madiba Africa Vision Awards has been introduced to be received by any film that captures vision of the category. Best Film in African Language was renamed to Sembene Ousmane Awards for Best Film in African Language while the Best Short Film Award category is now called Efere Ozako Award for Best Short Film. This development is to immortalize some exceptional African great men who have contributed to the growth and development of the film industry. The category Best Film by African Living Abroad has been cancelled while a new category Best Director First Feature Film has been introduced to encourage young and upcoming film directors.


10th Africa Movie Academy Awards, Ceremony information, People's Choice Awards
People's Choice Awards (PCA) system was announced in December 2013; This will allow the public to vote for their bests from past winners in all the categories. This is different from the regular jury-based categories and will be awarded separately. Voters will have opportunity to win prizes ranging from phones, iPads and a car. AMAA@10 has also made available a $10,000 reward for three Journalists who can give the best three reports on AMAA in the last nine years. the first prize gets $5,000, while the second  and third prize get $3,000 and $2,000 respectively. Winners would be determined through the depth and accuracy of the report, how well they understand the AMAA brand and the style of writing.


10th Air Army
The 10th Air Army was a unit of the Soviet Air Forces during World War II and the Cold War years.


10th Air Army, World War II
The unit was originally formed on Sakhalin Island on August 15, 1942, on the basis of the Air Force of the 25th Army of the Far Eastern Front of the USSR Armed Forces.


10th Air Army, World War II
In August-early September 1945, the 10th Air Army as part of the 2nd Far Eastern Front, participated in the Sungari Offensive Operation, during which it covered the units of the 15th Army, supported the landing of the Amur Flotilla in the city of Fuyuan, then the offensive towards Qiqihar. The efforts of the 18th Corps disrupted the enemy’s rail traffic.


10th Air Army, World War II
A number of the Army's formations performed combat missions during the Invasion of South Sakhalin and Invasion of the Kuril Islands. During the period of hostilities, the 10th Air Army carried out about 3297 sorties.


10th Air Army, Cold War
In July 1948 it was transferred to Vozzhayevka airfield west of Khabarovsk.


10th Air Army, Cold War
By a directive of 10 January 1949, it became the 29th Air Army.


10th Air Army, Cold War
As of 1950, the army operated airfields at Vozzhayevka, Pozdeyevka (Pozdeevka), Zavitinsk (Zavitaya), and Kuibyshevka.


10th Air Army, Cold War
In 1957, the 29th Air Army was amalgamated with the 54th Air Army, and became the 1st Special Far Eastern Air Army.


10th Air Army, Further reading
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10th Air Base Wing
The 10th Air Base Wing (10 ABW) is a non-flying United States Air Force unit that is the host wing for the United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) in Colorado Springs, Colorado.


10th Air Base Wing
The Wing provides all base-level support activities to the Academy. These activities include security, civil engineer, communications, logistics, military and civilian personnel, financial management, services, command post, chaplaincy, equal opportunity and the hospital, all of which support nearly 4,000 cadets and a total military community of approximately 20,000 personnel.


10th Air Base Wing
The Wing's history dates to a celebrated World War II photographic reconnaissance group. The 10th Tactical Fighter Wing was stationed in France, West Germany, and England for over 40 years during the Cold War. During its USAFE service, the wing received seven Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards and deployed personnel and equipment to King Fahd International Airport, Saudi Arabia and fought during Operation Desert Storm in 1991.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing
The wing was first organized as the 10th Reconnaissance Wing on 3 December 1947, at Pope Field, North Carolina as part of the experimental wing base reorganization, an Army Air Forces reorganization which assigned its operational groups and support organization to a single wing. The 10th Reconnaissance Group was the new wing's operational flying component. On 25 August 1948, the reorganization was made permanent and the wing became the 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing (10 TRW).


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing
The 10th conducted training at Pope, primarily with army units at Fort Bragg President Truman's reduced 1949 defense budget required reductions in the number groups in the Air Force to 48, and the 10th was inactivated on 1 April 1949.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing
On 10 July 1952 as a result of the United States Cold War military buildup in Europe, the 10 TRW was reactivated and assigned to NATO at Toul-Rosieres Air Base, France, absorbing the mission and equipment of the inactivating federalized 117th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing
However, the base was not yet ready for jet aircraft, so only the 10th TRW Wing Headquarters was sent to Toul. The propeller-driven RB-26s of the former 112th TRS were absorbed by the 1st TRS at Toul, while the two RF-80A squadrons assigned to the 32d and 38th TRS were located at Neubiberg and Fürstenfeldbruck Air Bases near Munich, West Germany.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing
Ongoing construction delays in France forced the wing's transfer on 9 May 1953 to the newly completed Spangdahlem Air Base in West Germany where all the squadrons of the wing were united. The Republic RF-84F Thunderflash began to arrive in the fall of 1955, and the RF-80As were returned to the United States for Air National Guard use. Martin RB-57A Canberras replaced the World War II vintage RB-26s in 1954 to perform night reconnaissance missions. However, engine malfunctions, structural deficiencies and lack of supporting equipment and parts plagued the RB-57A, and the wing soon began to replace them with RB-66s. In 1956, the 10th TRW began to transition to the RB-66 and WB-66 Destroyers, and the RF-84Fs were transferred to the 66th TRW at Phalsbourg-Bourscheid Air Base, France.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing
In 1959, France placed new limits on the type of American forces stationed on its soil. Specifically, USAF nuclear-capable aircraft were to be removed from French bases. To accommodate the French restrictions, USAFE moved the 49th TFW from Etain-Rouvres Air Base to Spangdahlem and the 10th TRW was relocated to RAF Alconbury on 20 July 1959.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing
With its headquarters at RAF Alconbury, the 10 TRW operated its B-66 Destroyers from RAFs Alconbury, RAF Bruntingthorpe, and RAF Chelveston. In addition, the 10th TRW frequently rotated its aircraft to Toul AB, France establishing a detachment there until France's withdrawal from NATO's integrated military in 1965. On 10 March 1964, a wing RB-66B took off from Toul for a mission over West Germany. Because of an equipment malfunction that was undetected by the crew, the plane continued its flight to East Germany and was shot down. The crew ejected safely, but was taken prisoner, although they were released before the end of the month. This incident prompted USAFE to institute a buffer zone, where special procedures were required for aircraft flying near the eastern border of West Germany.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing
In 1965, the 10 TRW received a new airplane, the RF-4C Phantom II. The wing's mission changed slightly in 1976. It inactivated two of its three RF-4C squadrons. The 527th Tactical Fighter Training Aggressor Squadron, flying F-5E "Tiger IIs", activated at RAF Alconbury 1 April 1976, bringing a new mission to the wing. The squadron provided combat training to North Atlantic Treaty Organization forces by teaching and demonstrating soviet air tactics-under the title of Dissimilar Air Combat Tactics. The 527th flew the first "Aggressor" sortie from RAF Alconbury in May.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Tactical Fighter Wing
In the late 1980s, the 10 TRW experienced more dramatic changes. After 34 years with the same mission, the 10 TRW received a new one. This 1st Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron inactivated in June 1987 and its RF-4Cs left the base. On 20 August 1987, the wing was designated as the 10th Tactical Fighter Wing. During 1988, two squadrons of A-10A Thunderbolt IIs, the 509th and 511th Tactical Fighter Squadrons, arrived from RAF Bentwaters/Woodbridge. As the A-10s arrived, the 527th Aggressor Squadron moved to RAF Bentwaters.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Tactical Fighter Wing
Both A-10 flying squadrons, kept a strong close air support vigilance and remained ready to perform their mission in a contingency situation. The 511 TFS deployed to Saudi Arabia in support of Operations DESERT SHIELD/DESERT STORM from December 1990 to June 1991. The wing's A-10s played an important part in the air phase of the Gulf War, attacking tanks, Scud missiles, and other ground positions.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Air Base Wing
The 10 TFW again went through dramatic changes in the early 1990s. The wing drew down its A-10 mission, September 1991 – March 1992. Without its aircraft, the 10 TFW's mission became installation and community support for U.S. personnel at Alconbury and beyond. The wing was finally redesignated as the 10th Air Base Wing in March 1993, and inactivated October 1994.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Air Base Wing
The 10th Air Base Wing was reactivated on 1 November 1994 as the support wing for the United States Air Force Academy, Colorado.


10th Air Base Wing, History, 10th Air Base Wing
The 10 ABW consists of more than 2,100 military, civilian and contract personnel. Its organizational structure consists of:


10th Air Base Wing, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


10th Air Corps
X. Fliegerkorps (10th Air Corps) was a formation  of the German Luftwaffe in World War II, which specialised in coastal operations. It was formed 2 October 1939, in Hamburg from the 10. Flieger-Division.


10th Air Corps, Operational history
Generalleutnant Hans Ferdinand Geisler was put in command of the newly formed Flieger-Division on 3 September 1939, based at Blankenese. Initially its force was the Heinkel 111 bombers of Kampfgeschwader 26. Geisler's Division was allocated the new Junkers Ju 88 bombers which were still being brought into service with Kampfgeschwader 25, on 7 September this was redesignated Kampfgeschwader 30.


10th Air Corps, Operational history
The Corps was stationed in north Germany in February 1940 when some of its aircraft were involved in a disastrous friendly fire incident that terminated the Kriegsmarine's Operation Wikinger.


10th Air Corps, Operational history
In early 1941, X. Fliegerkorps was transferred from Norway to Sicily to support the build-up of the Afrika Korps in Libya. On 12 January 1941, it had 80 Ju 88A-4 bombers of LG 1 and 12 Ju 88D-5 reconnaissance planes at Catania, 80 Ju 87R-1 ("Stuka") dive-bombers of StG 1 and StG 2 at Trapani, 27 He 111H-6 torpedo bombers of KG 26 at Comiso and 34 Bf 110C-4 fighters of ZG 26 at Palermo.


10th Air Corps, Operational history
It was prominent in the axis effort to suppress Royal Navy interference with the supply routes from Italy by reducing Malta's effectiveness as a forward base. On 10 and 11 January 1941 X. Fliegerkorps planes sank HMS Southampton and heavily damaged HMS Illustrious during Operation Excess. Bf 109E-7 fighters of JG 26 and JG 27 joined the offensive on Malta during February and March 1941.


10th Air Corps, Operational history
The Corps was moved out of Sicily in April 1941 for the Invasion of Yugoslavia and Greece. Maritime float planes replaced fighters and dive bombers while the Corps was stationed in Greece. Strength on 10 May 1942 was 74 Ju 88 at Eleusis and Heraklion, 25 He 111 at Kalamaki, and 53 Ar 196A-3, He 60c, Fokker T.VIII and Bv 138C-1 at Skaramagas and Kavalla. The Corps was crucial in securing air superiority and German victory during the 1943 Dodecanese Campaign. The Corps was renamed to Kommandierender General der Deutschen Luftwaffe in Griechenland (commanding general of the German Luftwaffe in Greece) in March 1944 and disbanded on 5 September 1944 with the withdrawal of German forces from the country.


10th Air Division
"The 10th Air Division assumed responsibility for the air defense of Alaska south of the Alaskan Range on 1 November 1950. Subordinate units flew numerous interception and training missions. Between June 1957 and March 1960, the division operated and maintained Elmendorf AFB, Alaska, plus several smaller installations. It was replaced by the 5070th Air Defense Wing (for air defense), and the 5040th Air Base Wing (for base operations) in August 1960."


10th Air Division, Lineage, Emblem
Per saltire, sable, gules, vert and or, saltire argent between in chief a jet aircraft in flight above two mountain peaks all of the last, in the flanks an anti aircraft gun and a radar antenna directed outward all of the first fimbriated silver, in base five electric flashes issuing from the apex of radio tower all black.


10th Air Division, References, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron
The 10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron in an inactive United States Air Force unit that flew airborne command post aircraft from RAF Mildenhall, England from January 1970 to December 1991. Through a unit consolidation in September 1985, the squadron has roots in units that participated in World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron
The first predecessor of the squadron was the 10th Transport Squadron, which flew distinguished visitors to all areas of the globe where the Allies of World War II operated. It was disbanded in the spring of 1944 in a reorganization of Army Air Forces units.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron
The 10th's second predecessor was the 10th Liaison Squadron, which provided light airlift support to Fifth Air Force units during the Korean War, this squadron was inactivated in 1955.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron
The final predecessor was the 10th Fighter Squadron, Commando, which performed combat testing of the Northrop F-5 Freedom Fighter from April 1966 until the planes were transferred to the Viet Nam Air Force in April 1967. These three units were consolidated into a single unit in September 1985.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, History, World War II
The first predecessor of the squadron was activated on 1 March 1942 as the 10th Air Corps Ferrying Squadron at Bolling Field and equipped with a variety of transport aircraft. The squadron was the flying component of the newly-formed Bolling Field Sector, Air Corps Ferrying Command and was part of the command's Foreign Wing. The squadron not only ferried aircraft overseas, it transported equipment and high-ranking officials on trans-Atlantic flights. It flew missions to support Operation Torch, the invasion of North Africa in late 1942 and early 1943.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, History, World War II
In March 1943, the squadron became the 10th Transport Squadron and moved to General Billy Mitchell Field, Wisconsin. It flew high ranking personnel to locations in the Americas, the Far East and the Southwest Pacific, notably, in October a squadron Douglas C-54 Skymaster transported ambassador Averell Harriman from Washington, DC to Moscow. The squadron became non-operational at the beginning of 1944, when most its personnel were transferred to the headquarters of the 26th Transport Group. Although the squadron nominally remained behind at General Mitchell Field, the group moved to Gravelly Point, Virginia, where it continued transporting distinguished visitors.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, History, World War II
However, the Army Air Forces was finding that standard military units, based on relatively inflexible tables of organization not well adapted to support missions. Accordingly, it adopted a more functional system in which each base was organized into a separate numbered unit. Air Transport Command personnel at General Mitchell Field when the squadron disbanded there were merged into the 567th AAF Base Unit (14th Ferrying Service Station), while those at Gravelly Point became the 503d AAF Base Unit (26th Transport Group, Washington National Airport).


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, History, Korean War
The second predecessor of the squadron, the 10th Liaison Squadron was activated at Seoul Air Base in July 1951 and assigned to Fifth Air Force. Far East Air Forces had requested the organization of a unit that included Sikorsky H-19 helicopters to enable it to perform aeromedical evacuation missions, but the squadron was authorized only fixed wing aircraft, limiting its mission to serving as a light transport and communications unit in Korea until inactivating in 1955. It was equipped with Stinson L-5 Sentinel and de Havilland Canada L-20 Beaver aircraft.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, History, Korean War
It provided light airlift to forward units and provided courier service. It surveyed forward areas for potential sites for landing strips, and communications and radar sites. It performed regular reconnaissance of abandoned airstrips. On occasion it transported North Korean prisoners of war and airdropped arms and supplies to guerillas operating behind enemy lines. Following the armistice in Korea, it was inactivated in March 1955.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, History, Skoshi Tiger
The 10th Fighter Squadron, Commando was activated at Bien Hoa Air Base, South Vietnam in April 1967 to test the Northrop F-5 Freedom Fighter in operational missions. Tactical Air Command had organized the Tactical Fighter Squadron, Provisional, 4503d at Williams Air Force Base, Arizona to begin testing the F-5 under the name "Skoshi Tiger" on 22 July 1965, with pilots and maintenance personnel from the USAF Tactical Air Warfare Center.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, History, Skoshi Tiger
After conducting initial tests in the United States, the 4503d deployed a dozen of its fighters to Bien Hoa in October 1965, although the squadron officially remained at Williams until 10 March 1966. On 8 April, the provisional squadron was discontinued and its personnel and equipment were used to form the regular 10th Squadron.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, History, Skoshi Tiger
The squadron increased in size to 18 aircraft. It flew more than 7,000 operational missions, earning a Presidential Unit Citation and a Vietnamese Gallantry Cross with Palm. Six squadron aircraft were lost to enemy fire. In October 1966, the squadron began to train Viet Nam Air Force (VNAF) personnel on the operation and maintenance of the F-5. After a year of testing, its aircraft were turned over to the 522nd Fighter Squadron of the VNAF 23rd Tactical Wing at Bien Hoa on 17 April 1967 and the unit was inactivated, although some squadron personnel remained behind to continue training.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, History, Airborne Command and Control
The 10th Airborne Command Control Squadron was activated at RAF Mildenhall in January 1970, where it replaced the 7120th Airborne Command Control Squadron to provide an airborne command post for United States Air Forces Europe. The 7120th had performed this mission (Operation Silk Purse) since 1 December 1961, when it was activated at Chateauroux Air Base, France under the 322d Air Division. Seven months later, the squadron was assigned to the host organization at Chateauroux, the 7322d Air Base Group. The 7120th was redesignated as an airborne command control squadron on 1 October 1965, and moved to Mildenhall the following month, where it became part of the 513th Troop Carrier Wing on 1 July 1966.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, History, Airborne Command and Control
The squadron's crews flew the Boeing EC-135H Airborne Command Post to support the United States Commander-in-Chief, Europe. The battle staff in the planes were from another organization. Squadron EC-135s also served as aerial tankers after 1972. The aircraft provided communications support during exercises in support of NATO, and other agencies following overwater routes near Europe. The planes also stood alert for emergency launches at Mildenhall. In 1970 and 1980, they operated from RAF Lakenheath while repairs were made on the runway at Mildenhall. With the end of the Cold War, the squadron was inactivated at the end of 1991.


10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron, References, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


10th Airlift Squadron
The 10th Airlift Squadron (10 AS) was part of the 62d Airlift Wing at McChord Air Force Base, Washington. It operated C-17 Globemaster III aircraft supporting the United States Air Force global reach mission worldwide.


10th Airlift Squadron, Mission
To train and equip C-17 aircrews for global air-land and airdrop operations.


10th Airlift Squadron, History, World War II
Established as part of the Army Air Corps in January 1938 at Olmsted Field, Pennsylvania but not activated until 1 December 1940. Not equipped or manned. Unit designation transferred to Westover Field, Massachusetts, but not equipped or manned until after the Pearl Harbor Attack. Equipped with C-47 Skytrain transports and trained for combat resupply and casualty evacuation mission.


10th Airlift Squadron, History, World War II
Was ordered deployed to England, assigned to Eighth Air Force in June 1942. Assigned fuselage code 7D. Performed intro-theater transport flights of personnel, supply and equipment within England during summer and fall of 1942, reassigned to Twelfth Air Force after Operation Torch invasion of North Africa, stationed at Tafaraoui Airfield, Algeria. In combat, performed resupply and evacuation missions across Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia during North African Campaign. During June 1943, the unit began training with gliders in preparation for Operation Husky, the invasion of Sicily. It towed gliders to Syracuse, Sicily and dropped paratroopers at Catania during the operation. After moving to Sicily, the squadron airdropped supplies to escaped prisoners of war in Northern Italy in October. Operated from Sicily until December until moving to Italian mainland in December.


10th Airlift Squadron, History, World War II
Supported Italian Campaign during balance of 1944 supporting partisans in the Balkans. Its unarmed aircraft flew at night over uncharted territory, landing at small unprepared airfields to provide guns, ammunition, clothing, medical supplies, gasoline, and mail to the partisans. It even carried jeeps and mules as cargo. On return trips it evacuated wounded partisans, evadees and escaped prisoners. These operations earned the squadron the Distinguished Unit Citation. It also dropped paratroopers at Megava, Greece in October 1944 and propaganda leaflets in the Balkans in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations until end of combat in Europe, May 1945.


10th Airlift Squadron, History, World War II
After hostilities ended, was transferred to Waller Field, Trinidad attached to the Air Transport Command Transported personnel and equipment from Brazil to South Florida along the South Atlantic Air Transport Route. Squadron picked up personnel and equipment in Brazil or bases in Northern South America with final destination being Miami, Boca Raton Army Airfield or Morrison Fields in South Florida.


10th Airlift Squadron, History, Occupation and Cold War
Was reassigned to the United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE), September 1946, performing intro-theater cargo flights based at Munich-Riem Airport. Transferred to Kaufbeuren AB when Riem Airport was closed. Was re-equipped with C-54 Skymaster aircraft and deployed to RAF Fassberg during 1948 Berlin Airlift. Flew continuous missions across hostile Soviet Zone of Germany in Berlin Air Corridor, transporting supplies and equipment to airports in West Berlin, 1948–1949. Later operated from Rhein-Main AB and Wiesbaden AB in American Zone of Occupation, later West Germany until blockade ended. Remained as part of USAFE until 1961, being upgraded to C-82 and later C-119 Flying Boxcar transports as part of USAFE 322d Air Division based in West Germany and France. Inactivated as part of downsizing of USAFE bases in France, 1961.


10th Airlift Squadron, History, Special airlift
Was briefly reactivated in the late 1960s at Chanute AFB, Illinois as a VT-29A VIP transport squadron as part of Tactical Air Command. Conducted airlift tasks in connection with aircraft delivery; in 1970 re-equipped with C-131 Samaritan medical evacuation aircraft. Inactivated September 1970.


10th Airlift Squadron, History, European shuttle
Reassigned to USAFE and reactivated in 1984 with C-23 short-range transports for personnel movements within USAFE. Flew scheduled flights from Zweibrücken, Ramstein and other USAFE bases, replacing C-130 European Shuttle flights. Inactivated March 1991 as part of USAFE drawdown at the end of the Cold War.


10th Airlift Squadron, History, Globemaster training
Reactivated in 2003 as C-17 aircrew training squadron at McChord AFB, Washington. On 1 September 2011 more than 100 Airmen from the 10th Airlift Squadron returned from a 120-day deployment at an undisclosed Middle East location in support of Operations Enduring Freedom and New Dawn.


10th Airlift Squadron, History, Globemaster training
In December 2014 the Air Force announced that the 10th would be inactivated by the summer of 2016. For the fifth time in its 76-year history, the 10th Airlift Squadron was inactivated on 6 May 2016.


10th Airlift Squadron, External links, Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website .


10th Alabama Infantry Regiment
The 10th Alabama Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War.


10th Alabama Infantry Regiment, Service
The 10th Alabama Infantry Regiment was mustered in at Montgomery, Alabama on June 4, 1861. The regiment surrendered at Appomattox Court House. The 10th mustered 1,429 men during its existence. It suffered approximately 300 killed in action or mortally wounded and 180 men who died of disease, for a total of approximately 470 fatalities. An additional 249 men were discharged or transferred from the regiment.


10th Alaska State Legislature
The Tenth Alaska State Legislature served from January 1977 to January 1979.


10th Alberta Legislature
The 10th Alberta Legislative Assembly was in session from February 22, 1945, to July 16, 1948, with the membership of the assembly determined by the results of the 1944 Alberta general election held on August 8, 1944. The Legislature officially resumed on February 22, 1945, and continued until the fifth session was prorogued on March 31, 1948 and dissolved on July 16, 1948, prior to the 1948 Alberta general election.


10th Alberta Legislature
Alberta's tenth government was controlled by the majority Social Credit Party for the third time, led by Premier Ernest Manning who would go on to be the longest serving Premier in Alberta history. The Official Opposition was led by John Percy Page a member of the Independent Citizen's Association. The Speaker was Peter Dawson who would serve until his death during the 15th legislature on March 24, 1963.


10th Alberta Legislature
Premier Ernest Manning called a snap election in 1944 to gain a new mandate. He won a big majority, wiping out most of the Independents. Three members of Canadian Armed Forces entered the Legislature in a delayed vote held in 1945, filling seats especially reserved for overseas military personnel.


10th Anniversary (Sash! album)
10th Anniversary is a greatest hits album by German DJ Sash! released on October 25, 2007 through Blanco Y Negro label. The record includes 16 hit singles, a reloaded version of Ecuador, previously unreleased songs, plus a bonus DVD including videoclips to all the songs from the album.


10th Anniversary (Sash! album), Track listing, CD 1
All tracks are written by Ralf Kappmeier, Thomas Alisson, Sascha Lappessen.


10th Anniversary (Sash! album), Track listing, CD 1
*Note: Track listing for first 10 songs is the same as Encore Une Fois - The Greatest Hits from 2000.


10th Anniversary (The Statler Brothers album)
10th Anniversary is the twenty-first studio album by American country music group The Statler Brothers. It was released in 1980 via Mercury Records. The album peaked at number 13 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart.


10th Anniversary Acoustic World Tour
The 10th Anniversary Acoustic World Tour is a current world tour by English singer-songwriter Patrick Wolf.


10th Anniversary Acoustic World Tour, Background
The tour is launched to celebrate a decade in music. Wolf will take the stage playing grand piano, Celtic harp, dulcimer and more. He will be accompanied by one other musician on stage and has promised to play an entirely different set list on each night of the tour. The tour is planned to continue into 2013.


10th Anniversary Album (Nat King Cole album)
10th Anniversary Album is an original jazz compilation by Nat King Cole. It was released in 1955.


10th Anniversary Album (The Ventures album)
10th Anniversary Album is a studio album by the Ventures, which was released to commemorate the band's 10th anniversary in 1970. It is a double LP that features covers of classic 1960s pop hits, including songs by The Beatles and Simon & Garfunkel. It also contains songs from the early 1970s, such as "Who'll Stop the Rain" and "Bridge Over Troubled Water." The album peaked at #91 on the Billboard 200 chart.


10th Anniversary Album (The Ventures album), Track listing
Was available on Liberty Records LST 35000, eight track cartridges 9077 and cassettes C 1077 Stereo.


10th Anniversary Live
10th Anniversary Live is a live performance DVD celebrating the 10th anniversary of the Viking/folk metal band Ensiferum. It was filmed on New Year's Eve, 2005 at the music hall Nosturi in Helsinki, Finland.


10th Anniversary Show: Young Wolves Rising
10th Anniversary Show: Young Wolves Rising was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the Ring of Honor (ROH) promotion, that took place on March 4, 2012 at the Hammerstein Ballroom in New York City. It was the tenth "ROH Anniversary Show" and the first event in the 2012 ROH PPV schedule.


10th Anniversary Show: Young Wolves Rising, Storylines
10th Anniversary Show: Young Wolves Rising featured professional wrestling matches involving different wrestlers from pre-existing scripted feuds, plots, and storylines that played out on Ring of Honor's (ROH) television programs. Wrestlers portrayed villains or heroes as they followed a series of events that built tension and culminated in a wrestling match or series of matches.


10th Anniversary Special Live at Nippon Budokan
10th Anniversary Live at Nippon Budokan is a live DVD by Japanese duo Every Little Thing, released on August 8, 2007, by Avex Trax.


10th Anniversary Special Live at Nippon Budokan
This footage was taken from the 2-day concert held at the Nippon Budokan on March 6 and 7, 2007, in celebration of their tenth anniversary in the music industry.


10th Anniversary Special Live at Nippon Budokan
Every Little Thing is a Japanese duo formed in 1996, consisting of members Kaori Mochida (Vocalist) and Ichiro Ito (Guitarist). They debuted with their first release single called "Feel My Heart" in August 1996.


10th Anniversary Special Live at Nippon Budokan
The DVD also includes behind-the-scenes clips documenting the making of the concert.


10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012: Now or Never
10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012 ～Now or Never～ (stylized as 10th Anniversary TOUR Lead Upturn 2012～NOW OR NEVER～) is the tenth anniversary concert DVD released by the Japanese hip-hop group Lead one  year after their previous concert DVD on December 26, 2012. It charted at #38 on the Oricon charts, remaining on the charts for one week.


10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012: Now or Never
The tour corresponded with their 2012 studio album, Now Or Never, becoming their first tour to have a corresponding album since their 2008 live tour Lead Upturn 2018 ～Feel The Vibes～, which corresponded with the album Feel the Vibes.


10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012: Now or Never, Information
10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012 ～Now or Never～ is the ninth concert DVD released by the Japanese hip-hop group Lead. The DVD was released one calendar year after their previous concert DVD, Lead Upturn 2011 ～Sun×You～, on December 26, 2018. It charted at #38 on the Oricon DVD Charts, staying for one week.


10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012: Now or Never, Information
The tour became their first in four years to correspond with an album, whereas it corresponded with their sixth studio album, Now or Never. The last tour tie-in was their 2008 live tour that corresponding with their Feel the Vibes studio album. The tour for Now Or Never also celebrated the group's tenth anniversary, having debuted in July of 2002 with the song "Manatsu no Magic".


10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012: Now or Never, Information
Lead Upturn 2012 ～Now or Never～ became the final live tour with member and lead vocalist Hiroki Nakadoi. Hiroki had graduated from the group in March the following year after their Leaders Party 10! performance at Zepp Tokyo in Aomi, Kōtō Ward in Tokyo.


10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012: Now or Never, Information
Along with the various songs that spanned across three discs of the album - which included every a-side with some featuring alternate arrangements, and their most popular coupling tracks - other songs performed were "I believe" from Lead! Heat! Beat! (2005), and the songs "Love Rain" and "One For Da Soul" from their debut album Life On Da Beat (2003).


10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012: Now or Never, Information
The performance utilized on the DVD was of their July 31, 2012 performance at Nakano Sun Plaza in Nakano, Tokyo.


10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012: Now or Never, Leader Hiroki's graduation
10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012 ~Now or Never~ became the final Upturn tour leader and lead vocalist Hiroki Nakadoi took part in. After the group ended their tenth anniversary celebration with the Leader's Party 10! concert for their fan club in March 2013, Hiroki stepped away from the group.


10th Anniversary Tour Lead Upturn 2012: Now or Never, Leader Hiroki's graduation
Prior to Hiroki making his final decision, the other members, Keita Furuya, Akira Kagimoto and Shinya Tanuichi, had questioned if they should remain as a unit if Hiroki decided to leave. When Hiroki finalized his decision, with full support to the others as a group, they chose to stay together due to the constant support of their fans.


10th Anniversary: Fantasia in Tokyo Dome
10th Anniversary: Fantasia in Tokyo Dome (stylized as KODA KUMI 10th Anniversary ～FANTASIA～ in TOKYO DOME) is the 11th live DVD released by Japanese singer Koda Kumi, released on March 18, 2011.


10th Anniversary: Fantasia in Tokyo Dome, Information
On December 5, 2010, Koda Kumi held a concert to celebrate 10 years as an artist and showcased 46 songs. This was her second performance at Tokyo Dome - her first being her Black Cherry Tour.


10th Anniversary: Fantasia in Tokyo Dome, Information
The DVD includes a 30-minute making video and backstage footage at Tokyo Dome Live. The limited edition DVD came with a replica staff pass, which mimicked the passes used by the tour staff.


10th Anniversary: Platinum Remixes
10th Anniversary: Platinum Remixes is a remix album from R&B singer/rapper K.Maro released in 2006 that included many remakes and remixes of his earlier hits for 10 years and some original materials. There was a limited edition of 50 000 units for this album.


10th Anniversary: Rap-a-Lot Records
10th Anniversary: Rap-A-Lot Records is a compilation album released by Rap-a-Lot Records to celebrate the label's tenth anniversary. The compilation contained 11 hits from the likes of the Geto Boys, Scarface and the 5th Ward Boyz, as well as two previously unreleased songs ("Sunshine" by Scarface and "Don't Give No..." by Do or Die). Former 1 of the Girls member, Nina Creque, daughter of jazz musician Neal Creque, is featured on the previously unreleased "Sunshine" by Scarface.


10th Anniversary: Rap-a-Lot Records
10 Anniversary peaked at 48 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.


10th Annual Grammy Awards
The 10th Annual Grammy Awards were held on February 29, 1968, at Chicago, Los Angeles, Nashville and New York. They recognized accomplishments of musicians for the year 1967.


10th Annual Honda Civic Tour
The 10th Annual Honda Civic Tour was a concert tour co-headlined by American rock bands Blink-182 and My Chemical Romance (in what turned out to be their final tour until 2019). Joined by supporting acts Matt & Kim, Manchester Orchestra, and Rancid, the tour began from August 5, 2011 and ran until October 8.


10th Annual Honda Civic Tour
Sponsored by the Honda Motor Company, the 2011 tour marked the 10th anniversary of the concert tour, which Blink-182 headlined in its first incarnation.


10th Annual Honda Civic Tour, Background
The tour was announced on May 23, 2011. Both bands had gathered at the Rainbow Bar and Grill in West Hollywood to announce to the tour. Members of the official blink-182 and My Chemical Romance fan clubs had the first chance at tickets to all shows, in an exclusive pre-sale that began on June 6. On June 8, anyone who "liked" the Honda Civic Tour's Facebook page will gain access to tickets. All remaining tickets will go on sale to the general public on June 10 via Ticketmaster.com and LiveNation.com. The announcement of the tour angered European blink-182 fans, whose previously announced European tour was cancelled just one month before.


10th Annual Honda Civic Tour, Background
As was tradition with the concert tour, blink-182 was chosen to customize a Honda Civic to commemorate their long collaboration with the tour. Singer-bassist Mark Hoppus, whose first car was a Honda Civic, stated Max Gramajo, who had previously been involved in album artwork and T-shirt designs, co-designed the vehicle. The car featured Koenig rims, Toyo tires, a matte-finish paint job and the blink-182 signature logo, the bunny rabbit (blink-182's mascot) and was handed away during the tour to a fan.


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards
The 10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards took place on Thursday, November 5, 2009 at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas, Nevada. This was the second time the show took place in Las Vegas. Juan Gabriel was honored as the Latin Recording Academy Person of the Year on November 4, the day prior to the telecast. Calle 13 were the big winners, winning five awards including Album of the Year. 2009 marked the ten-year anniversary of the Latin Grammy Awards.


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, General
Calle 13 featuring Café Tacuba — "No Hay Nadie Como Tú"


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, General
Claudia Brant, Luis Fonsi and Gen Reuben — "Aquí Estoy Yo" (Luis Fonsi featuring Aleks Syntek, Noel Schajris and David Bisbal)


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Pop
Fito Páez — No sé si es Baires o Madrid


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Urban
Tainy and Wisin & Yandel — "Abusadora" (Wisin & Yandel)


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Alternative
Calle 13 and Café Tacuba — "No Hay Nadie Como Tú"


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Tropical
Peter Manjarrés and Sergio Luis Rodríguez — El Caballero "Del Vallenato"


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Tropical
Jorge Luis Piloto and Jorge Villamizar — "Yo No Sé Mañana" (Luis Enrique)


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Regional Mexican
Jimmy González & El Grupo Mazz — The Legend Continues...La Continuation


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Brazilian
Ivan Lins and the Metropole Orchestra — Regência: Vince Mendoza


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Brazilian
Daniel — As Músicas do Filme O Menino da Porteira


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Classical
Sonia Rubinsky — Villa-Lobos: Piano Music; Guia Pratico, Albums 10 and 11; Suite Infantil Nos. 1 and 2


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Classical
Gabriela Lena Frank — "Inca Dances" (Manuel Barrueco and Cuarteto Latinoamericano)


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Production
Dani Espinet, Micky Forteza Rey, Jose Luis Molero, Jordi Solé and Tom Backer — Orquesta Reciclando (Jarabe de Palo)


10th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, Awards, Music Video
Roberto Carlos and Caetano Veloso — E A Música De Tom Jobim


10th Annual NFL Honors
The 10th Annual NFL Honors was an awards presentation by the National Football League that honored its players from the 2020 NFL season. It was held on February 6, 2021 at SoFi Stadium in Los Angeles, California.


10th Annual NFL Honors
For the third consecutive year, Steve Harvey hosted the show. Harvey joined Alec Baldwin as the only two people to host the show three times. The show featured performances by Green Day during the opening segment and Leslie Odom Jr. during the in-memoriam segment.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom)
The 10th Anti- Aircraft Division (10th AA Division) was an air defence formation of the British Army during the early years of the World War II. It defended Yorkshire and Northern Lincolnshire during The Blitz and the Baedeker Blitz but only had a short career.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), Mobilisation
The 10th Anti- Aircraft Division was one of five new divisions created on 1 November 1940 by Anti- Aircraft Command to control the expanding anti-aircraft (AA) defences of the United Kingdom. The  division was formed by taking the two southern brigade areas (31st and 39th) from the existing 7th AA Division in North East England, together with a newly formed brigade (62nd brigade), and giving it responsibility for the air defence of East and West Yorkshire and the Humber Estuary.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), Mobilisation
The divisional headquarters (HQ) was at York and the first General Officer Commanding (GOC), appointed on 14 November 1940, was Major-General Langley Browning, who had been Commander, Royal Artillery, at 4th Infantry Division. The 10th AA Division formed part of II AA Corps.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), The Blitz
The division's fighting units, organised into three AA Brigades, consisted of Heavy Anti- Aircraft (HAA) and Light Anti- Aircraft (LAA) gun regiments and Searchlight (S/L) regiments of the Royal Artillery. The HAA guns were concentrated in the Gun Defence Areas (GDAs) at Hull, Leeds and Sheffield. The LAA units were distributed to defend Vulnerable Points (VPs) such as factories and airfields, while the S/L detachments were disposed in clusters of three, spaced 10,400 yards (9,500 m) apart.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), The Blitz
At the time the 10th AA Division was created, the industrial towns of the UK were under regular attack by night, to which the limited AA defences replied as best they could. West Yorkshire, despite its important industrial facilities, steelworks, aircraft and ordnance factories, was at a considerable distance from the Luftwaffe 's bases and was less often raided than coastal targets and The Midlands. Nevertheless, in the 10th AA Division's area, Sheffield was badly bombed on 12 and 15 December 1940 (the Sheffield Blitz), Leeds on 14 March 1941 (the Leeds Blitz), Hull on 18 March (the Hull Blitz) and on 7 and 8 May, when Sheffield was also hit again.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), The Blitz
There were still too few AA guns for the tasks set them, and in March 1941 AA Command was obliged to shift some HAA guns from Sheffield to Liverpool, which was under much heavier attack. The position on LAA gun sites was worse: only small numbers of Bofors 40 mm guns were available at the start of the Blitz, and most LAA detachments had to make do with Light machine guns (LMGs).


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), Mid-War
Even when the main Blitz ended in May 1941, Hull was an easy target for inexperienced Luftwaffe crews and was frequently bombed and Parachute mines dropped in the Humber Estuary. A special S/L 'Dazzle Barrage' installed at Hull foiled at least one attack, in August 1941. The other gaps in AA defences were filled as more equipment and units became available. Searchlights, now assisted by Searchlight Control (SLC) radar, were reorganised, with a 'Killer Belt' surrounding the Hull GDA to cooperate closely with RAF Night fighters. The HAA and support units increasingly became 'Mixed', indicating that women of the Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) were fully integrated into them.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), Mid-War
In the Spring of 1942 a new phase in the air campaign began with the so-called Baedeker Blitz mainly directed against undefended British cities. In the 10th AA Division's area, York was accurately hit on 28 April, Hull on 19 May and 31 July, and Grimsby on 29 May. The severity of the raid on Hull on 19 May was lessened when many bombs were aimed at a fire started by incendiary bombs landing on an AA site outside the city.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), Mid-War
Redeployment of resources became necessary to counter the Baedeker raids, mostly to southern England, but also the establishment of a GDA at York. A series of Luftwaffe 'hit and run' raids against towns on the South Coast also led to the withdrawal of many LAA guns. At the same time, experienced units were posted away to train for service overseas (sometimes being lent back to AA Command while awaiting embarkation). This led to a continual turnover of units, which accelerated with the preparations for the invasion of North Africa (Operation Torch) in late1942.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), Mid-War
The 65th AA Brigade HQ joined in June 1942 and several regiments were transferred to it from the 39th AA Brigade. The 62nd AA Brigade HQ left in August 1942 and took part in Operation Torch, landing in North Africa in December.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), Mid-War, Order of Battle 1941–42
During this period the division was composed as follows (temporary attachments omitted):


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), Mid-War, Order of Battle 1941–42
The increased sophistication of communications for Gun Operations Rooms (GORs) and RAF Sectors was reflected in the growth in support units, which attained the following organisation by May 1942:


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), Mid-War, Order of Battle 1941–42
The RAOC companies became part of the new Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME) during 1942.


10th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom), Disbandment
A reorganisation of AA Command in October 1942 saw the AA divisions disbanded and replaced by a smaller number of AA Groups more closely aligned with the groups of RAF Fighter Command. The 10th AA Division, which had been at Sand Hutton, outside York, but was by now at Leeds, merged with 2nd AA Division to form 5th AA Group based at Nottingham and cooperating with No. 12 Group RAF.


10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion
The 10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion (10th AAA Bn) was a United States Marine Corps antiaircraft unit that served during World War II. Formed in 1942 as the 10th Defense Battalion, its original mission was to provide air and coastal defense for advanced naval bases. During the war the battalion defended took part in combat operations in the Russell Islands and at the Eniwetok. The battalions tank platoon also saw extensive action on New Georgia and Arundel Island. The battalion was decommissioned before the end of the war on 25 November 1944.


10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion, History, Organization
The 7th Defense Battalion was commissioned on June 1, 1942 at Marine Corps Base San Diego, California. Lieutenant Colonel Robert Blake was the battalion's first commanding officer. At commissioning the battalion consisted of the following elements:


10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion, History, Russell Islands
On August 21, 1942 the battalion embarked on the SS Day Star and sailed for the Territory of Hawaii. They arrived at Pearl Harbor on August 31, 1942 and proceeded to establish themselves at nearby Camp Catlin. Not long for Hawaii, the battalion departed on February 6 on board the USS Pinkney and the SS Robin Wentley. After a layover in Espiritu Santo they arrived at the Florida Islands on February 24, 1943. The first echelon of the battalion departed on March 14 for the Russell Islands. The remainder of the battalion arrived by March 28, 1943.


10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion, History, Russell Islands
"A" Battery was located on Pavuvu while "B" Battery was stationed on Mbanika. Originally the battalion established an SCR-270 radar on a mountain on Mbanika problems supplying the radar and moisture caused by cloud cover caused it to be moved to a hill on the northeast portion of the island. During May and June 1943, antiaircraft guns of the 10th Defense Battalion engaged numerous Japanese air raids against the newly constructed airfield on Banika. During this time the Commanding Officer of the 10th Defense Battalion also assumed the responsibilities as the Antiaircraft Commander, Russell Islands and Commander Marine Defense Group Solomons.


10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion, History, Russell Islands
During July 1943, M3A1 Stuart Light Tanks of the 10th Defense Battalion were assigned to support the 43rd Infantry Division securing Munda Point on New Georgia. After Munda, the tank section was transported via landing craft to Arundel Island where they again provided fire support for the 43rd Infantry during their seizure of the island. On December 30, 1943 the US Army's 13th Antiaircraft Group assumed responsibility for air and coastal defense of the Russell Island.


10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion, History, Eniwetok
From February 1-7 the battalion loaded on board the SS William H. Allen and the SS Sants Cruz. The ships departed the Russell Islands on February 10 and arrived at Tarawa where it received verbal orders to proceed to Kwajalein Atoll. Upon arrival off the coast of Kwajalein on February 18 the battalion received orders to organize a 500-man infantry unit (10th Defense Battalion Provisional Landing Force). It was going to serve as the V Amphibious Corps reserve for the upcoming assault on the atoll.


10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion, History, Eniwetok
The 10th did not land on D-Day as Marines from the 22nd Marine Regiment accomplished the mission on February 22. The battalion went ashore on Eniwetok on February 24 and began set up air and coastal defense guns. It assumed responsibility for air defense of Eniwetok along with Air Warning Squadron 1 whose Air Defense Control Center provided early warning radar and Ground-controlled interception for fighters.


10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion, History, Reorganization, Hawaii and decommissioning
As the war progressed, the Marine Corps removed coastal artillery from the defense battalions in order to form additional heavy artillery units for the Fleet Marine Force. Because of the divestiture of the coastal defense mission, the battalion was re-designated as the 10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion on May 31, 1944. The seacoast artillery section departed Eniwetok on August 29 sailing for Kauai, Hawaii. Shortly thereafter on September 16 the 51st Defense Battalion assumed responsibility for defense of Eniwetok and Parry Islands. The 10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion departed the Marshall Islands on September 17 and arrived in Kauai on September 27, 1944. The 10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion was decommissioned on November 25, 1944 by authority of Fleet Marine Force, Pacific Special Order Number 104-44.


10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion, Unit awards
A unit citation or commendation is an award bestowed upon an organization for the action cited. Members of the unit who participated in said actions are allowed to wear on their uniforms the awarded unit citation. The10th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion has been presented with the following awards:


10th Arabian Gulf Cup
The 10th Arabian Gulf Cup (Arabic: كأس الخليج العربي) was held in Kuwait, between 21 February to 9 March 1990. All matches were played at Peace & Friendship Stadium.


10th Arabian Gulf Cup
Saudi Arabia withdrew before the tournament, as they considered that the horses in the competition logo were a reference to two animals used by the Kuwaitis in the Battle of Jahra in 1920. Iraq also withdrew while the tournament was still running, complaining about the referee on their tie with the UAE.


10th Area Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)
The 10th Area Fleet (第十方面艦隊, Dai-jyū Hōmen Kantai) was a fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) established during World War II as a result of IJN commands being isolated in the Philippines.


10th Area Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy), History
The commander in chief of the IJN 1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet based in Singapore was named commander in chief of the newly created Tenth Area Fleet on 1 February 1944. As the Southwest Area Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy) command staff was isolated in the Philippines, a new command structure was necessary to direct the 1st and 2nd Fleets and the surviving elements of the IJN 5th Fleet. It was supported by the IJN 13th Air Fleet. The 10th Area Fleet had responsibility for the defenses of Indonesia and Indochina. It lost most of its combat capability at the Battle of the Malacca Strait and when Ashigara was sunk by HMS Trenchant and was disbanded at the end of the Pacific War.


10th Area Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy), History
The Tenth Area Fleet was a theatre command and its name was taken sequentially from the numbered fleets rather than from the area in which it was located.


10th Arizona State Legislature
The 10th Arizona State Legislature, consisting of the Arizona State Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives, was constituted from January 1, 1931 to December 31, 1932, during the first and second years of George W. P. Hunt's seventh tenure as Governor of Arizona, in Phoenix. The number of senators remained constant at 19, while the number of representatives increased from 54 to 63. The Democrats increased the large majorities they held in both houses.


10th Arizona State Legislature, Sessions
The Legislature met for the regular session at the State Capitol in Phoenix on January 12, 1931; and adjourned on March 14.


10th Arizona State Legislature, Sessions
There were no special sessions of this legislature during 1931 and 1932.


10th Arizona State Legislature, State Senate, Members
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature.


10th Arizona State Legislature, House of Representatives, Members
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. The House grew by nine seats from the 9th Legislature: 5 in Maricopa County, 2 in Pima County, and 1 each in Gila and Yuma counties.


10th Arizona Territorial Legislature
The 10th Arizona Territorial Legislative Assembly was a session of the Arizona Territorial Legislature which convened on January 6, 1879, in Prescott, Arizona Territory. The session was the last to be composed of nine Council members and eighteen members of the House of Representatives.


10th Arizona Territorial Legislature, Background
There had been several significant changes to the territorial government since the prior session. First, the territorial capital was moved from Tucson to Prescott. Second, Governor Anson P.K. Safford had declined a third term to seek his fortune in a number of mining projects. Territorial Secretary John Philo Hoyt had been named to replace Safford on April 5, 1877. Then, in 1878, John C. Frémont used his political connections to displace Hoyt and secured the governorship for himself. While Hoyt was well respected, most Arizonans were thrilled to have such a well known personality as their Governor.


10th Arizona Territorial Legislature, Background
The Southern Pacific Railroad had reached Yuma on September 30, 1877, providing the first rail service to the territory. They were at the time of the session building eastward across Arizona.


10th Arizona Territorial Legislature, Legislative session, Governor's address
Governor Frémont gave his address to the session on January 9, 1879. In it he spoke to the potential for development within the territory. To this end he recommended spending US$500,000 on construction of new roads. He also proposed using the Colorado River to irrigate the territory's deserts.


10th Arizona Territorial Legislature, Legislative session, Governor's address
To assist the territory's mining industry, the governor asked for creation of a territorial assay office and proposed a refinery be built in Prescott to reduce the expense of transporting raw bullion to San Francisco.


10th Arizona Territorial Legislature, Legislative session, Legislation
Governor Frémont's proposals were largely ignored by the session. They instead dealt primarily with issues affecting only individuals or limited sections of the territory. To this end an "Omnibus Divorce Bill" was passed which ending the marriages of fifteen couples. Separate bills granted divorces to two other couples. Other legislation granted name changes to eight people.


10th Arizona Territorial Legislature, Legislative session, Legislation
Gambling was another popular topic. An Arizona Lottery, patterned after the Louisiana Lottery, was created. Proceeds of this lottery were supposed to offset the expense of constructing schools and other public buildings. A US$300 per quarter fee for gambling licenses, half payable to the county the other to the territory, was also imposed. Less serious was a bill presented by Representative J. D. Rumberg of Maricopa County, who had apparently lost a large wager on a slow pony, that would prohibit horse racing within the territory.


10th Arizona Territorial Legislature, Legislative session, Legislation
Other members of the House of Representatives, realizing the proposal was likely made in jest, solemnly reported their counties were not prepared for the change and had the restriction limited to Rumberg's home county. Representative John T. Alsap, also from Maricopa County, then obtained further revisions that limited the prohibition to just Rumberg's ranch. While the bill was passed by the session the resulting law was never published.


10th Arizona Territorial Legislature, Legislative session, Legislation
From the eastern section of Yavapai County was created Apache County. Finally, the session authorized US$2000 for Governor Frémont and Judge Charles Silent to travel to Washington, D.C., and lobby to have an order by Secretary of the Interior Carl Schurz extending boundaries of the Gila River Indian Reservation into the Salt River Valley.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's)
The 10th (Newton's) Arkansas Cavalry (1864–1865) was a Confederate Army Cavalry regiment during the American Civil War. The unit was originally organized from volunteer companies raised from the Arkansas State Militia in the Southern Arkansas Counties in the winter of 1863–1864 after the fall of Little Rock. It was originally organized as Pettus Battalion, Arkansas State Troops but was later enrolled in Confederal Service and Robert Crittenden Newton was elected Colonel.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization
Netwon's 10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment was originally organized as a group of Volunteer Companies raised from the militia regiments of southern Arkansas, immediately following the fall of Little Rock, Arkansas, to Union forces in September 1863. Governor Harris Flanagin began organizing a new force of state troops issuing a proclamation on August 10, 1863, just a month before the capitol fell, announcing that he had been authorized to raise new regiments of state troops and that by special agreement these new units could not be transferred out of the state by Confederate authorities.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization
After the fall of Little Rock, recruiting was far more difficult than it had been in the first years of the war. The constant transfer of Arkansas troops into the eastern theater of the war, across the Mississippi River from their homes, was a major objection by the remaining population of men eligible for military service. With Federal forces now occupying the state capitol, the Confederate state government had no way of enforcing conscription laws in the counties behind the Union lines, except during raids by Generals Price and Shelby in 1864. The remaining Confederate regiments were plagued by desertions.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization
On September 16, 1863, in the immediate aftermath of the fall of the state capitol, Governor Flanagin issued General Order No. 6 from Arkadelphia, which called into service the militia regiments of the counties of Clark, Hempstead, Sevier, Pike, Polk, Montgomery, La Fayette, Ouachita, Union, and Columbia in order to resist the Federal army. The Governor's order directed the regiments to march to Arkadelphia at the earliest possible day. Companies were to be mounted and commanders were to compel persons evading the call to come to the rendezvous. The intent was to form companies of twelve-month mounted volunteers.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization
Only six physicians, one druggist, millers to supply the wants of the country, clerks, sheriffs, postmasters, and persons in the employ of the Confederate States were exempted from the order. In describing this call in a letter to General Holmes dated October 18, 1863, from Washington, Arkansas, the new Confederate state capitol, Flanagin stated that he issued the order calling out the militia, as an experiment, expecting to get volunteers.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization
The order succeeded so well as to get companies organized in the counties where the call for the militia was enforced which resulted in seven companies being collected under the call. Flanagin also stated that "the troops raised by the State are more than double all the troops raised by volunteering, or by the conscript law, within the past few months".


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization
On October 26, 1863 Governor Flanagin directed his Adjutant General Gordon N. Peay to:


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization
visit Lewisville, in La Fayette County, and see Captain Ford, who has been raising a company of mounted riflemen under the State. I have been informed that this company has been sworn into the service of the Confederate States. If so, the only thing to be done is to communicate this fact to General Fagan. If the State troops which can be raised in La Fayette County are already raised you are authorized to disband the militia. If convenient, I would like for you to go to Union County.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization
Captain Holloway has been raising a company of mounted riflemen in that county. If his company is organized, you can disband the militia of that county. If the colonel is inefficient, and Captain Holloway has not got his company formed, let him swear his men in and get the militia together, and compel those who are liable to the conscript law to go into the State or C. S. service.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization
These new units of Arkansas State Troops were placed under the overall command of Col. William H. Trader who was detailed to Governor Flanagin by General E. Kirby Smith. Col. Trader remained in command of the state troops until he resigned in June 1864.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization, Pettus Battalion, Arkansas State Troops
On January 14, 1864, Governor Flanagin, through General Peay, issued General Orders, No. 8. which directed the following named companies of Arkansas mounted volunteers, which had been called into the service of the State under the proclamation of the August 10, A.D. 1863, compose and be designated as the 1st Battalion, Arkansas State Troops:


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization, Pettus Battalion, Arkansas State Troops
Allen T. Pettus was elected Lieutenant Colonel of this battalion. The unit participated in the battle of Marks Mill on April 25, 1864, as a part of Brigadier General William L. Cabell's Division. Lt . Col. Pettus was killed during the battle and Capt. P.K. Williamson of Company A commanded the battalion until the unit was increased to a regiment and transferred to Confederate service.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization, Newton's 10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
In August 1864 when the term of enlistment for these state troops was about to expire, Adjutant General Peay issued an order which directed that companies be allowed to vote on the subject of being transferred into Confederate service. However, the chance to vote on being transferred was merely a matter of form because Peay's order also had directions for those who refused transfer to Confederate service:


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization, Newton's 10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
Men whose terms of service have expired, and who are not willing to be transferred, will be reported to and turned over to the proper enrolling officer of the Confederate States for conscription. Men whose terms of service have not expired and who are opposed to the transfer will be required to serve until the expiration of their term of enlistment, and such as do not then re enlist will be turned over to the proper enrolling officers of the Confederate States for conscription.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization, Newton's 10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
On September 5, 1864, the State Troop companies, including Pettus Battalion, were formed into one regiment of cavalry to be designated as the 3rd Regiment of Arkansas Cavalry, with Col. Robert C. Newton assigned to the command of the regiment until an election could be held for field officers. The companies of this regiment included:


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Organization, Newton's 10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
This unit was mustered into the Confederate Service on the October 31, 1864, as the 10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment. Col. Newton was elected Regimental Commander.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Battles
The unit operated in the Arkansas River Valley, interdicting the supply route between Little Rock and Fort Smith during the winter of 1864 to 1865.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Newton's), Surrender
It appears that rather than surrender, the regiment simply disbanded. It served until May 31, 1865, when the encampment, which was near Dooleys Ferry, in Hempstead County, Arkansas, was abandoned, the most of the men having been given furloughs to go home and cut wheat.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Witt's)
Witt's 10th Arkansas Cavalry (1863–1865) was a Confederate Army Cavalry regiment during the American Civil War from the state of Arkansas. The unit was originally known as the 10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, but was converted to cavalry after being exchanged following the fall of Port Hudson, La.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Witt's), Organization
The unit was mustered into Confederate Service in July 1861 at Springfield in Conway County. Its members were drawn from the counties of Cleburne, Van Buren, Conway, and Perry. The unit comprised the following volunteer companies:


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Witt's), Organization
The unit's first commander was Colonel T. D. Merrick, a former Major General of the Arkansas Militia.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Witt's), Battles
The regiment moved to Union City, Tennessee, where 150 men died from the effects of measles. Later it was involved in the conflicts at Shiloh and Baton Rouge, and in October, 1862, contained 249 effectives. Attached to Buford's and Beall's Brigade, Department of Mississippi and East Louisiana, the 10th was part of the garrison that surrendered at Port Hudson on July 9, 1863. After being exchanged, the men returned to Arkansas and were reorganized as the 10th or Witt's Cavalry Regiment.


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Witt's), Battles
After being reorganized as Witt's Cavalry Regiment, the unit was involved in the following engagements:


10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment (Witt's), Surrender
The 10th Arkansas surrendered with the garrison of Port Houston, Louisiana on July 9, 1863. After being exchanged, the men returned to Arkansas and were reorganized as the 10th or Witt's Cavalry Regiment. The unit then skirmished in Arkansas and on May 28, 1865, requested from the Federals terms under which it could surrender.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment
The 10th Arkansas Infantry (1861–1865) was a Confederate Army infantry regiment during the American Civil War from the state of Arkansas. The unit is also known as A. R. Witt's Infantry, C. M. Cargile's Infantry, E. L. Vaughan's Infantry, Thomas D. Merrick's Infantry, S. S. Ford's Infantry, Obed Patty's Infantry, George A. Merrick's Infantry, Zebulon Venable's Infantry and Robert C. Bertrand's Infantry in contemporary accounts. After being captured at the Siege of Port Hudson, the unit reorganized as a mounted infantry unit, and was known as the 10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment or Witt's Arkansas Cavalry.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Organization
The 10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment was mustered into Confederate Service in July 1861 at Springfield in Conway County. Its members were drawn from the counties of Cleburne, Van Buren, Conway, and Perry. The unit comprised the following volunteer companies:


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Organization
The unit was originally commanded by Colonel T. D. Merrick, who had formerly held the rank of Major General of the Arkansas Militia and who carried Governor Rector's demand for the surrender of the Little Rock Arsenal to its commander in February 1861.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Organization
The regiment was armed with weapons which the state confiscated when the Federal Arsenal at Little Rock was seized by Arkansas State Militia troops in February 1861. Disposition of the weapons found in the Arsenal is somewhat sketchy, but from various records it can be surmised that the 9th and 10th Arkansas, Kelly's 9th Arkansas Battalion, and the 3rd Arkansas Cavalry were all issued flintlock Hall breechloading rifles from the Arsenal.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
The 10th Arkansas moved to Union City, Tennessee, where 150 men died from the effects of measles. The regiment was assigned to General Bowen's Brigade, consisting of the 9th and 10th Arkansas, 5th Missouri and 10th Mississippi Infantry Regiments before they were moved to Kentucky. They remained at Bowling Green, Kentucky, until the evacuation of that place when they were placed to guard the rear on the retreat. After the losses of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in February 1862, Confederate General Albert Sidney Johnston withdrew his forces into western Tennessee, northern Mississippi, and Alabama to reorganize.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
and then retreated through western Tennessee to Corinth, Mississippi. On March 29, 1862, the Army of Central Kentucky was merged into the Army of Mississippi in preparation for the Battle of Shiloh. Bowen's Brigade, including the 9th and 10th Arkansas Infantry Regiments, was then placed in General Brigadier General John C. Breckinridge's Reserve Corps as part of the Army of Mississippi. The 10th Arkansas fought on the Confederate right flank at the Battle of Shiloh on April 6, 1862,  participating in the many vicious attacks against the "Hornet's Nest" which ultimately led to the surrender of Prentiss's division.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
The 10th's final attack ended around dark when they ran up against Grant's Last Line. At this same time, Confederate attacks were called off until the next day. The 10th Arkansas lost about 160 men at Shiloh. After the Battle of Shiloh, the regiment,  withdrew to Corinth, Mississippi, where they reorganized.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
In early May 1862, Confederate forces underwent an army-wide reorganization due to the passage of the Conscription Act by the Confederate Congress in April 1862. All twelve-month regiments had to re-muster and enlist for two additional years or the duration of the war; a new election of officers was ordered; and men who were exempted from service by age or other reasons under the Conscription Act were allowed to take a discharge and go home. Officers who did not choose to stand for re-election were also offered a discharge.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
The reorganization was accomplished among all the Arkansas regiments in and around Corinth, Mississippi, following the Battle of Shiloh. The 10th Arkansas was reduced to eight companies in April 1862 by transferring the personnel of Company F to Company  C and dividing Company I among all the other companies. Formal charges related to the disorganized condition of his regiment were brought against Colonel Merrick. He resigned and on May 27, 1862, and Captain A. R. Witt of Company A, was promoted to colonel and became commander of the regiment.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
In October 1862, the regiment contained 249 effectives. The regiment moved near Vicksburg, Mississippi, where they stayed some time on the Yazoo River, at Camp Price. Then they were moved to Vicksburg, where they stayed a short while. They were placed in a brigade commanded by General Jeff Thompson, and moved to Louisiana, 30 to 40 miles (48 to 64 km) above New Orleans, where they spent the winter of 1862–63 guarding the New Orleans, Jackson and Great Northern Railway.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
By the early spring of 1863, the 10th Arkansas was sent again to Baton Rouge where they were to prepare defenses against the approaching General N. P. Banks. This they did by felling large numbers of trees to block the roadways leading to Baton Rouge, digging trenches and mounting siege guns around the city.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
By 1 March 1863, the 10th Arkansas Infantry was at Port Hudson, Louisiana, above New Orleans and during March 7–27 as part of a force under General Franklin Gardner, they were in operations against Federal forces at Port Hudson. After a series of engagements lasting into July, 1863, the 10th Arkansas Infantry, was surrendered with the garrison by General Gardner to Union General N. P. Banks. The 10th apparently continued to have internal problems during the siege of Port Hudson.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
Certain officers of the 10th Arkansas apparently influenced some enlisted men to desert and refuse to alternate duties with their fellow companies. By July 7, just two days before the garrison capitulated, there was practically open mutiny. On July 9, 1863, the garrison surrendered and the 10th Arkansas became prisoners of war. The men were paroled until exchanged, with the officers were imprisoned at Johnson's Island, Ohio, in Lake Erie. The unit was eventually exchanged and returned to Arkansas. Col. A. R. Witt reorganized the unit, including some newly recruited members to form Witt's Arkansas Cavalry.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
The Regiment was assigned to the following higher commands while it served east of the Mississippi River:


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles
Like almost all Civil War units, the regiment was frequently known by an alternate designation derived from the name of the unit's commanding officer. The regiment participated in the following engagements during its career as an infantry regiment east of the Mississippi River:


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles, Witt's 10th Arkansas Cavalry
Witt's Arkansas Cavalry, commanded by Colonel A. R. Witt, was composed primarily of men who had served with the Tenth Arkansas Infantry, been captured at Port Hudson, Louisiana, and after being exchanged, returned to Arkansas. Though the veterans of the 10th Arkansas Infantry were the backbone of the new unit, Colonel Witt also conducted extensive recruiting outside the immediate area of Springfield and Conway County. Most of the men in companies C, D, and G were raised in nearby Clinton [Van Buren County]; nine of the unit's twenty-one company grade officers were from that town as well. A few recruits were also found in Batesville, Searcy, Carrollton, Jacksonport, and Austin. Some were veterans of other regiments.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles, Witt's 10th Arkansas Cavalry
On numerous occasions, the unit served behind Federal lines. A Federal report indicated that it often employed female sympathizers to spy on Federal installations and troop movements, reporting the information obtained back to the command. One of these spies was reported to be operating in Little Rock in mid-November, 1864.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles, Witt's 10th Arkansas Cavalry
The unit served unattached throughout its career, with the exception of Price's Missouri Expedition in late 1864. During this time it was attached to Major General Fagan's division of Arkansas Troops. The unit took part in the following engagements as a mounted force in the Department of the Tran-Mississippi:


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Battles, Witt's 10th Arkansas Cavalry
Unlike most of the units which accompanied Price after the Missouri expedition, Witt's Cavalry did not retreat all the way to northeastern Texas. The command remained, instead, in Arkansas, probably in order to continue its spying operations. The 3rd Arkansas (United States) Cavalry met and "scattered" Witt's command in a skirmish near Lewisburg, Arkansas, on February 12, 1865.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Surrender
In the reorganization of the Trans-Mississippi Department following Price's Missouri Expedition, the 10th Arkansas was assigned to the command of Brigadier General M. Jeff Thompson, commander of the Military Sub-District of Northeast Arkansas and Southeast Missouri. Thompson formally surrendered his command at Chalk Bluff, Arkansas, on May 11, 1865, and agreed to have his men assemble at Wittsburg and Jacksonport, Arkansas, to lay down their arms and receive their paroles. At the time, Thompson's command was widely dispersed throughout northeast Arkansas, mainly for reasons of available forage. Colonel Witt, who had continued to operate in the vicinity of Quitman, wrote to Major General Reynolds, commander of Union forces in the Department of Arkansas, on May 18, 1865, stating his intention to surrender and help restore order in the area.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Surrender
Seeing the hopelessness of any further struggle, and not wishing to be placed in the attitude of a guerrilla, bushwhacker, or marauder, which I would necessarily be should I prosecute a further hopeless strife, and being fully satisfied that the regular organized armies of the Confederate States east of the Mississippi River are surrendered, I have determined, on the 5th proximo, at Jacksonport, to surrender my command, but it is impossible for me to prevail on some of my men to deliver their arms until they have some assurance from the U.S. authorities that those independent companies and squads claiming protection under the Federal Government are immediately disarmed.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Surrender
I am confident that you are not aware of the many murderous crimes and outrageous depredations committed on the people through the country, or their course would have been ended before this.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Surrender
I called the attention of Colonel Ryan, commanding at Lewisburg, to this matter last winter, but he seemed to take no action in the matter whatever, and I am very well satisfied that peace and order can easily be restored should these fellows be disarmed, as my men have no particular animosity against the Federal Government, and are now willing to submit to the laws of the country and the requirements of the U.S. forces if they can be let alone by these independent men.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Surrender
I have been requested by the citizens of this county to say to you that they are exceedingly anxious for peace, and if you will send them instructions how to proceed, they will establish law and order without the trouble and expense of an armed force to do that for them; but should troops be necessary, they petition you not to send men of this State, who have personal grudges, but a command of some other State, who are not prejudiced and who will do justice to all parties.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Surrender
Will you inform me whether men who have not been engaged in this war, that have not yet taken the oath, will have to report and do so or not. Things will be quite easy, I think, in this portion of the country, if these independent fellows were disbanded and disarmed, as I could then control the Southern soldiers without further difficulty, and the citizens seem very anxious to go forth and restore law and order were they not prevented by these armed forces.


10th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Surrender
Colonel Witt and the survivors of the 10th Arkansas Mounted Infantry surrendered and were paroled at Jacksonport on June 5, 1865. Most of the men on the Jacksonport parole lists actually served in the 10th Arkansas regiment, but some were attached to various companies simply for the purpose of surrendering. A few may never have seen any service and marched to Jacksonport to receive a parole, which provided former Confederates with some degree of protection from arrest or capture.


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
The 10th Tank Division (Chinese: 坦克第10师) was formed in August 1967 with the 4th Independent Tank Regiment, 284th Tank Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment from the 79th Army Division and the 286th Tank Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment from the 81st Army Division.


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
As of August 28, 1969, the division was composed of:


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In the 1970s the division maintained as a reduced tank division, which consisted of 2 amphibious tank regiments (37th and 38th, with Type-63 amphibious tank) and 1 light tank regiment (39th, with Type 62 light tank).


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In early 1976 37th and 38th Tank Regiments detached and renamed as Tank Regiment, 1st Army Corps and Tank Regiment, 60th Army Corps; respectively. The 2nd and 3rd Independent Tank Regiments of Nanjing Military Region attached and renamed as the 37th and 38th Tank Regiments.


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In 1982, Armored Infantry Regiment and Artillery Regiment were activated and attached to the division.


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
From January 1 the division was under command of the 60th Army Corps.


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In 1985 the division was transferred to 1st Army after the 60th Army Corps' disbandment.


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In 1998 the division was renamed as 10th Armored Division (Chinese: 装甲第10师). The Armored Infantry Regiment was disbanded and absorbed into tank regiments which became armored regiments.


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
Throughout its history, the division was an amphibious unit that may take part in the first-wave assault of Taiwan.


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
The division was the only armored division deployed south of Yangtze River, and its 37th Armored Regiment was the first Blue Force unit of PLA ground force.


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
In late 2011 the division was split into two: the division itself became the 10th Armored Brigade (Chinese: 装甲第10旅), while half of its battalions formed the 178th Mechanized Infantry Brigade.


10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)
After the 2017 reform, the brigade was re-organized as the 10th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade (Chinese: 重型合成第10旅).


10th Armored Division (United States)
The 10th Armored Division (nicknamed "Tiger Division") was an armored division of the United States Army in World War II. In the European Theater of Operations the 10th Armored Division was part of both the Twelfth United States Army Group and Sixth United States Army Group. Originally assigned to the Third United States Army under General George S. Patton, it saw action with the Seventh United States Army under General Alexander Patch near the conclusion of the war.


10th Armored Division (United States)
The 10th Armored Division was inactivated on 13 October 1945 at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia. On 25 February 1953, the division was allotted to the Regular Army but remained inactive.


10th Armored Division (United States), History
The division was activated on 15 July 1942, at Fort Benning, Georgia, around a nucleus of the reorganized and redesignated 3rd and 11th Cavalry Regiments.


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Nickname
The "Tiger" nickname of the 10th originates from a division-wide contest held while it was training in the United States, symbolizing the division "clawing and mauling" its way through the enemy. Major General Paul Newgarden, the division's first commander selected "Tiger" as the winner because a tiger has soldierly qualities, including being clean and neat and the ability to maneuver and surprise his prey.


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Combat chronicle
The 10th Armored Division entered France through the port of Cherbourg, 23 September 1944, and put in a month of training at Teurtheville, France, before entering combat, as part of the Third Army under General George S. Patton. Leaving Teurtheville, 25 October, the Division moved to Mars-la-Tour, where it entered combat, 2 November, in support of the XX Corps, containing enemy troops in the area. Later that month, the 10th participated in the capture of Metz. After fierce fighting, the 10th moved to the Siegfried Line and led the Third Army into Germany on 19 November 1944.


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Bastogne
Combat Command-B's lead Sherman tanks, tank destroyers and half-tracks entered Bastogne 18 December 1944. These were the first combat troops to reach the threatened town. CCB's commander, Col. William L. Roberts, split his command to form a crescent-shaped arc facing eastward five miles from the city. A task force commanded by Maj. William R. Desobry went north to Noville, while a similar group under Lt. Col. Henry T. Cherry wheeled east to Longvilly. Lt . Col. James O'Hara's group shifted southeast to Bras.


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Bastogne
At the same time, German forces moved westward with increasing momentum. Bastogne, a hub from which seven main roads diverged, was essential to the swift movement of Rundstedt's panzers. Before dawn of 19 December five German divisions attacked CCB. Bazooka-armed American soldiers and a single platoon of tank destroyers fought a column of German Panzer IV tanks on the Houffalize-Noville highway, turning them back. More enemy armor followed and with the road blocked, the battle spilled into the snow-covered fields and woods. For eight hours, CCB alone withstood multiple German attacks before reinforcements arrived from the 101st Airborne Division, which had moved into Bastogne under the screen of the 10th's actions.


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Bastogne
The Germans still maintained an advantage and the outnumbered Americans withdrew closer to Bastogne. The Germans sent pincers to the north and south. The night of 21 December, the pincers met and closed west of the city. In the surrounded city, the 10th assembled a mobile reserve force to strike in any direction.


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Bastogne
CCB endured the cold, artillery barrages and bombing while their supplies and ammunition dwindled. Fourth Armored Division tanks finally broke through on 26 December, but CCB continued to fight until 18 January.


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Bastogne
After the battle, the 10th Armored Division's 21st Tank Battalion and Combat Command B were awarded the Presidential Unit Citation for their actions from 17 to 27 December 1944 Battle of the Bulge. The 101 Airborne Division was also honored with the Presidential Unit Citation for their actions at Bastogne. Years after the war, General Anthony McAuliffe said "In my opinion, Combat Command B of the 10th Armored Division was never properly credited with their important role in the Bastogne battle."


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Across the Saar
In early February 1945, the 10th reassembled at Metz and was able to rest briefly after rejoining the XX Corps. On 20 February 1945, the 10th again attacked the German defenses. In one day, they broke the German lines, and after 48 hours, the division advanced 85 miles, overran the Saar-Moselle Triangle, and reached the Saar River. The 10th then crossed the Saar and captured Trier and a bridge across the Moselle River. The loss of this heavily defended city caused German defenses to collapse. Generals Dwight Eisenhower and Patton visited the 10th Armored Division to congratulate them.


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Across the Saar
The division raced through Kaiserslautern, crossed the Rhine River on 28 March 1945, and continued east. The division helped to seize Heilbronn, defended the Crailsheim Salient, and moved south to isolate Stuttgart. As part of the VI Corps the 10th crossed the Danube River on 23 April 1945. By 27 April 1945 it was one of several Seventh Army corps headed towards the Alps to seal off passes out of Germany, reaching Innsbruck, Austria by early May. By 9 May 1945, elements of the 10th had reached Mittenwald, Bavaria, where they halted. The 10th occupied southern Bavaria until September 1945. On 3 October 1945, the division sailed from Marseilles, France. It arrived at Newport News, Virginia on 13 October 1945 and was inactivated at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia on the same day. The 10th Armored Division had captured 650 towns and cities along with 56,000 German prisoners.


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Across the Saar
In one week, the 10th advanced 100 miles and captured 8,000 prisoners from 26 different enemy divisions. After a four-day respite, the 10th was one of several divisions spearheading the Seventh Army drive under General Alexander Patch into Bavaria. With rapid night movements, the "Tigers" continually surprised the Germans. German dispatches referred to the 10th as the "Ghost Division." As it drove into Bavaria, the division overran one of the many subcamps of Dachau concentration camp in the Landsberg area on 27 April 1945, earning it recognition as a liberating unit.


10th Armored Division (United States), History, Assignments
The 10th Armored Division served under the following commands in the ETO:


10th Armored Division (United States), In film
In the 2001 HBO show, Band of Brothers, a 10th Armored Division officer, George C. Rice, played by comedian/actor Jimmy Fallon, is depicted handing out ammunition and supplies to paratroopers of Easy Company, part of the 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division during the Battle of the Bulge.