a method of making a non - porous tubular graft is disclosed . the method includes the step of securing a plurality of fastening elements extending through an outer layer of knitted , woven , or braided material along a length of the outer layer , wherein the fastening elements extend outwardly from the outer layer . the method further includes the steps of placing an inner layer of non - porous material within the outer layer such that an underside of each fastening element is positioned between the inner layer and the outer layer and laminating the outer layer to the inner layer to form the non - porous tubular graft .