an imaging doppler lidar enables the measurement of the velocity distribution of a large volume , in parallel , and at high spatial resolution in the wake of a wind turbine . because the idl is non - scanning , it can be orders of magnitude faster than conventional coherent lidar approaches . scattering can be obtained from naturally occurring aerosol particles . furthermore , the wind velocity can be measured directly from doppler shifts of the laser light , so the measurement can be accomplished at large standoff and at wide fields - of - view .