a method for improving the efficiency of a hydrocarbon catalytic reformer and close - coupled fuel cell system by recycling a percentage of the anode exhaust syngas directly into the reformer in a range between about 20 % and about 60 %. oxygen is supplied to the reformer at start - up . under equilibrium conditions , oxygen required for reforming of hydrocarbon fuel is derived entirely from endothermic reforming of water and carbon dioxide in the recycled syngas . recycling of anode syngas into the reformer increases fuel efficiency , adds excess water to the reformate to increase protection against anode coking , and protects the fuel cell stack against air - and water - borne contaminants . a method for producing an excess amount of syngas for exporting for other purposes is also provided .