an integrated controller for the detection and operation of both pc cards , smart cards and passive smart card adapter cards . in one aspect , the invention detects the presence of standard expansion cards or passive smart card adapters by utilizing the reserved detection and voltage selection signal area defined by the pc card specification . in another aspect , the invention provides an integrated controller that includes logic to operate either a standard expansion card or a passive smart card adapter by reassigning certain pc card signal lines to operate a standard expansion card or a passive smart card adapter , thereby eliminating the need to provide pins in addition to those defined by the pc card specification .