a microstrip directional coupler which employs closed form solutions for compensating capacitance or inductance and odd mode characteristic impedance necessary to realize high directivity or match in microstrip directional couplers valid for tight and loosely - coupled sections . a microwave monolithic integrated circuit directional coupler with single capacitive or inductive compensation derives from a mathematical analysis using symmetry and reflection and transmission coefficients &# 39 ; equivalency . closed form solutions for the compensating capacitance or inductance and a new odd mode characteristic impedance are generated . the results are implemented in single antisymmetric inductive and antisymmetric and symmetric capactive compensated versions .