traditionally , solar energy is collected and used almost simultaneously , with little or no storage except for domestic hot water . however , while the optimal season for collection is summer , the highest demand for energy is for heating in winter . to this point there has been no efficient method for storing solar gain for future use . the present invention offers a solar collection , storage and distribution system which is operative 365 days out of the year , in the collection and / or distribution mode . the collectors are ideally situated for maximum summer time gain , with storage in a combination of liquid , gas and high density solid mass reservoirs , insulated to minimize energy loss . a properly insulated , sufficiently sized thermal reservoir is capable of storing energy during peak collection periods for release during high demand seasons . fig1 shows novel solar collector 10 , which is the principal component of a solar heat source for serving heating and cooling needs of a building ( not shown ). collector 10 has a floor 12 , lateral walls 14 projecting upwardly from floor 12 , and a light transmissive cover 16 , defining an enclosed heating chamber 18 . floor 12 and walls 14 have non - reflective dark , preferably black , coloring within heating chamber 18 , and are insulated against passage of heat from heating chamber 18 in any suitable manner as is known to those skilled in the art . cover 16 preferably comprises two panes ( not separately shown ) of glass or a suitable transparent synthetic resin , with a zone of inert gas or vacuum disposed between the two panes , so that cover 16 is also insulated against heat loss from heating chamber 18 . a prototype of solar collector 10 has produced temperatures within heating chamber 18 of 190 degrees fahrenheit at ambient outside temperatures below 10 degrees fahrenheit . heat is collected within heating chamber 18 by both liquid and gaseous media ( not shown ). an internal conduit 20 passes through heating chamber 18 , conduit 20 is arranged to abut floor 12 and to lie in a winding or circuitous path , thereby exposing a considerable length of conduit 20 within heating chamber 18 . a liquid ( not shown ) circulates through internal conduit 20 , thereby gaining heat by conductive transfer from the gaseous media in heating chamber 18 . conduit 20 has an intake end 22 and a discharge end 24 for connecting conduit 20 to a liquid heat exchange circuit ( see fig2 ) utilizing heat obtained from collector 10 . liquid is introduced to conduit 20 from intake end 22 and is discharged to the building , after heating , through discharge end 24 . collector 10 also heats air in heating chamber 18 by circulating air through the open portion of heating chamber 18 . heating chamber 18 contains a plurality of heat transfer cylinders 26 extending upwardly from floor 12 towards and terminating near cover 16 . each heat transfer cylinder 26 comprises a hollow column , preferably of a metal such as , but not limited to , aluminum , having black , non - reflective interior surfaces . each heat transfer cylinders 26 has a height and a diameter , the height typically being greater than the diameter . the black , non - reflective surfaces of heat transfer cylinders 26 efficiently intercept light and re - radiated electromagnetic energy which could otherwise escape heating chamber 18 , converting this energy into heat energy which is absorbed by the air moving through and about heat transfer cylinders 26 and heating chamber 18 . while the present invention presents heat transfer cylinders 26 having continuous walls about the perimeter proximate the bottom thereof , it would be evident to one skilled in the art that the walls of heat transfer cylinders 26 could contain apertures proximate the bottom thereof to permit increased air flow therethrough . although heat transfer cylinders 26 as shown in fig1 appear only at the upper left corner of collector 10 , it should be understood that they are present along substantially the entire extent of floor 12 . likewise , although conduit 20 is depicted as extending only partially along floor 12 for clarity in fig1 conduit 20 , in actual practice , extends along the entire surface area of floor 12 , with heat transfer cylinders 26 mounted above conduit 20 . conduit 20 and heat transfer cylinders 26 are soldered , brazed , or otherwise adhered to floor 12 . a limited amount of open space therefore exists within heating chamber 18 . the two fluids , air and liquid , heated within heating chamber 18 are segregated from one another by the walls of conduit 20 . air is introduced into heating chamber 18 by an intake duct 28 and discharged from heating chamber 18 , as will be explained later , by a discharge duct 30 . solar collector 10 may be supported on a building surface ( not shown ) at an angle appropriate for maximally intercepting sunlight by legs 32 . the angle will , of course , vary depending on the latitude of the installation . alternatively , collector 10 may lie directly against a building surface or otherwise be supported on the building or other supporting frame . solar collector 10 is protected against overheating by a heat relief valve 34 . heat relief valve 34 comprises a bimetallic spring ( not separately shown ) or other suitable thermostatic device capable of detecting a predetermined temperature within heating chamber 18 , which device enables heat relief valve 34 to uncover an opening 36 , enabling air to escape from heating chamber 18 to the exterior of collector 10 . conversely , electric resistance heating elements 51 may be used to prevent freezing of the system whenever it may be idle during winter months . a spray manifold 38 having a plurality of water release openings 40 is mounted to collector 10 in a position wherein water can be discharged over cover 16 at the highest point . manifold 38 is connected to a domestic water supply 42 so that should dirt , dust , debris , ice , snow , excess frost , or any other source of frozen water accumulate on cover 16 or photovoltaic cells 46 ( to be explained later ), the same can be removed or cleared from cover 16 or photovoltaic cells 46 by rinsing with domestic water . this arrangement enables collector 10 to be maintained in a condition exposed to sunlight without requiring a person to ascend the building being served to manually remove the frozen water . collector 10 also includes a generator 44 and an array of photovoltaic cells 46 mounted either upon collector 10 or nearby . generator 44 is driven by a wind turbine 48 arranged by a suitable bearing 50 to rotate in the horizontal plane about three hundred sixty degrees . turbine 48 has a shroud 52 adapted to direct wind advantageously across blades 54 , and vanes 56 for orienting turbine 48 to face into the wind . conductors 58 , 60 conduct electrical power derived from generator 44 and photovoltaic cells 46 to the electrical power sub - system where generated power may be stored or immediately utilized . the entire solar heat source utilizing collector 10 is shown schematically in fig2 . the heat source includes a remote thermal reservoir 62 for storing heat generated by solar collector 10 . reservoir 62 has a liquid reservoir 64 for storing a first fluid , such as water , and a gas reservoir 66 for storing a second fluid , such as air . gas reservoir 66 preferably surrounds liquid reservoir 64 so that heat energy generated rapidly by warming air in collector 10 can be expeditiously transferred to liquid reservoir 64 . air contained in gas reservoir 66 surrounding liquid reservoir 64 also tends to serve as insulation reducing loss of heat from liquid reservoir 64 . thermal mass elements 150 are situated within liquid reservoir 64 . thermal mass elements 150 , having greater density than the liquid in which they are submerged , therefore greater thermal heat capacity , increase the retentive ability of the reservoir ( i . e . the number of btus stored per unit volume ). for example , lead has a thermal heat capacity ten ( 10 ) times greater than that of water . liquid reservoir 64 is suitably insulated to minimize heat loss from within . liquid heated in heating chamber 18 is circulated between conduit 20 , ( fig1 ) and liquid reservoir 64 by a liquid supply conduit 68 supplying liquid reservoir 64 from discharge end 24 of conduit 20 , and a liquid return conduit 70 connecting liquid reservoir 64 to intake end 22 of conduit 20 . a closed fluid circuit wherein liquid is heated in solar collector 10 , transported to and stored in thermal reservoir 62 , and returned to solar collector 10 for reheating is thus created by conduits 20 , 68 and 70 and liquid reservoir 64 . a pump 72 propels liquid through the closed liquid circuit on demand . similarly , intake duct 28 and discharge duct 30 connect gas reservoir 66 to heating chamber 18 so that a second closed fluid circuit dedicated to a gaseous medium is established between collector 10 and thermal gas reservoir 62 . a fan 74 forces air through the second closed fluid circuit on demand . thus , liquid and gas are independently passed through and heated by solar collector 10 . also within thermal reservoir 62 is a thermal mass reservoir 122 . a plurality of thermal rods 124 of a material such as , but not limited to , steel are wrapped with a heat exchanger 126 comprised of tubing of a material such as , but not limited to , copper which carry heated liquid from the closed liquid circuit including internal conduit 20 ( fig1 ). valve 128 diverts fluid from liquid supply conduit 68 to liquid supply conduit 68 a prior to liquid reservoir 64 , supplying heat exchanger 126 . liquid return conduit 70 a returns cooled liquid to liquid return conduit 70 for return to internal conduit 20 . check valves 130 within liquid return conduits 70 and 70 a between both liquid reservoir 64 and heat exchanger 126 , respectively , and the juncture of liquid return conduits 70 and 70 a prevent fluid from backing up into the conduit not in current operation . valve 128 may be used to fully divert flow from liquid reservoir 64 to heat exchanger 126 or partially divert flow so that both liquid reservoir 64 and heat exchanger 126 receive heated liquid simultaneously . the electrical power sub - system of solar collector 10 is seen to include a storage battery 76 and a hydrocarbon powered electricity generator 78 . battery 76 is located remotely from collector 10 and is connected to conductors 58 and 60 ( fig1 ) by conductor 80 so that power generated at or near solar collector 10 may be stored for subsequent use . generator 78 is in standby mode and automatically actuates when utility supply electricity is interrupted . generator 78 may also be connected to a power mains by a power cord and plug 79 , as shown , or by permanent hard wiring ( not shown ). generator 78 provides alternative power supply should power generated at solar collector 10 be insufficient to meet electric usage demand of the system . dc power from battery 76 may be connected to respective motors 82 , 84 of pump 72 and fan 74 by respective conductors 86 and 88 . battery 76 may also be charged by hydrocarbon fueled generator 78 , as well as trickle charged by photovoltaic cells 46 , or other ancillary power sources ( not shown ). motors 82 , 84 are controlled by suitable switches 90 , 92 . although switches 90 , 92 and other switches employed in the novel heating and cooling system may be manual , it is preferred that system switches be automatic switches , such as relays or other electronic equipment . relays are conveniently operated from a master controller 94 . controller 94 may be thermostatically governed , or may , as depicted , be subject to control from a personal computer 96 , either locally by direct connection ( not shown ) or remotely through a modem ( not shown but integral or associated with computer 96 ) and telephone line , shown symbolically at 98 . although a purely mechanical scheme could be arranged to operate controller 94 , an automated scheme is preferred . automated schemes , such as those utilizing computer 96 or any programmable controller , are more easily modified . illustratively , pump 72 and fan 74 are more readily correlated to daily variable duration of sunlight during winter months by a programmable controller . controller 94 is connected to system power by conductors 100 and to switches 90 , 92 by control conductors 102 , 104 . power available from wind generator 44 and photovoltaic cells 46 may exceed demand arising from controls , pump 72 and fan 74 . if such condition occurs during extreme demand for heat , then electrical energy may be converted into heat energy in liquid reservoir 64 by a resistive heating element 106 and in gas reservoir 66 by a resistive heating element 108 . it would be obvious to one skilled in the art that a resistive heating element could also be applied to thermal mass reservoir 122 , but such transfer would be much less efficient than in liquid reservoir 64 or gas reservoir 66 . resistive elements 106 , 108 are connected to system power through conductors 110 , 112 . switches 114 , 116 , both governed by controller 94 through control conductors 118 , 120 , control conductors 110 , 112 . heat energy derived from electrical power supplements that which is available as stored energy from collector 10 . valve 128 is controlled by control conductor 132 . in addition to the solar and wind driven elements discussed to this point , the system could also include could include additional self sustaining power sources . referring now to fig3 electricity generated by the photovoltaic cells 46 or wind powered generator 44 may be used to power an electrolytic means for extracting combustible hydrogen and oxygen from water . electrolysis chamber 142 could be located externally from thermal reservoir 62 . dc power supplied from storage battery 76 by positive conductor 144 and negative conductor 146 , with an appropriate dc to dc power converter for producing a suitable voltage for the electrolytic process , electrolyzes water within electrolysis chamber 142 . oxygen is conducted by oxygen conduit 148 to oxygen storage tank 150 while hydrogen is conducted by hydrogen conduit 152 to hydrogen storage tank 154 . on demand , oxygen and hydrogen stored in their respective tank 150 , 154 are conducted to combustion chamber 156 ( preferably disposed within thermal reservoir 62 ) by oxygen conduit 148 a and hydrogen conduit 152 a . ignition of the oxygen / hydrogen mix within combustion chamber 156 is supplied by igniter 158 supplied by conductor 160 from storage battery 76 . condensate resulting from the combustion of the oxygen / hydrogen mix may , optionally , be collected and returned to electrolysis chamber 142 by water conduit 162 . alternatively , hydrogen may be conducted to fuel cell 164 by hydrogen conduit 152 b for conversion to electrical energy and incidental heat . fuel cell 164 could be located external or external of thermal reservoir 62 . it would be obvious to one skilled in the art that alternative electrolytic systems know to the art could be effectively utilized in the present invention . likewise , various devices and methods ( not shown ) known to the art for directly producing electrical and / or thermal energy from fissionable materials could be used to supply additional heat and / or electrical power . alternatively , if electrical energy derived from collector 10 in excess of all heating / cooling demands , excess electrical energy may be diverted by switch 134 to inverter 138 for conversion from dc to ac power and fed to the building &# 39 ; s general electrical lines by transmission lines 140 for use in other applications . switch 134 is controlled by control conductor 136 . thus far , the novel solar heat source has been described . utilization of heat and electrical power derived therefrom will now be described . during the winter heating season , heat is obtained from liquid reservoir 64 by connecting suitable conduits and pump ( neither shown ) thereto . heat stored in liquid reservoir 64 may be conducted to any suitable heating equipment , such as hot water baseboard heater 2 , functionally connected with the reservoir incorporating a heat exchanger within liquid reservoir 64 . the conduits may be arranged in any suitable recirculation scheme . likewise , domestic water could be heated by passing it through copper coils running through liquid reservoir 64 . of course , a forced air furnace 6 may be connected to liquid reservoir 64 , gas reservoir 66 or thermal mass reservoir 122 , or any combination thereof . in the summer cooling season , heat derived from liquid reservoir 64 , gas reservoir 66 , or thermal mass reservoir 122 , or any combination thereof , is connected to a heat operated air conditioning machine 4 . machine 4 may be a liquid absorption chiller and associated heat exchanger and air propulsion devices ( not shown ). heater 2 , forced air furnace 6 and machine 4 may be located in close proximity to thermal reservoir 62 or remotely , in the later case being suitably connected by conduits ( not shown ). it would be evident to one skilled in the art that collectors 10 could be mounted in gangs to increase the collection area and that a plurality of thermal reservoirs 62 , could be utilized to increase storage capacity . it would be further evident that any one thermal reservoir 62 need not contain each of a liquid reservoir 64 , a thermal mass reservoir 122 , or electrolytic combustion chamber 156 , but rather , could contain a plurality of any or all . it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above , but encompasses any and all embodiments within the scope of the following claims .