reference numeral 10 in fig1 - 3 identifies a first embodiment of an insole , and reference numeral 100 in fig4 - 6 identifies a second embodiment of an insole , according to this invention . insoles 10 , 100 extend between heel regions 12 , 112 and toe regions 14 , 114 , respectively . insoles 10 , 100 respectively have top apertured layers 16 , 116 and bottom apertured layers 18 , 118 superimposed at the toe regions 14 , 114 . insoles 10 , 100 respectively have pumps 20 , 120 at the heel regions 12 , 112 connected to the apertured layers 12 , 14 and 112 , 114 . pumps 20 , 120 have respective inlets 22 , 122 through which air is drawn in the direction of arrows a ( see fig2 and 5 ), and outlets 24 , 124 from which the drawn - in air is discharged in the direction of arrows b ( see fig3 and 6 ). apertured layers 18 , 116 , 118 are each constituted of a thin , flexible mesh , preferably of synthetic plastic material for shape retention . each layer is on the order of a few thousandths of an inch in thickness ( height ). the mesh has a multitude of openings ( see checkerboard pattern in fig1 and 4 ) each of which can have any configuration in top plan view , e . g ., square , circular , hexagonal . each opening extends entirely through the mesh to allow air to pass freely therethrough . apertured layer 16 is constituted of a thin , flexible fabric , preferably of cloth , and also on the order of a few thousandths of an inch in thickness . the fabric , preferably woven , has a multitude of interstices or openings extending entirely therethrough to allow the free passage of air . either the top layer or the bottom layer , or both , can be constituted of the mesh , or of the fabric , or of a combination of the two . although only two apertured layers are shown in the drawings , this was done so as not to unduly encumber the drawings . in some applications , more than two apertured layers , for example from six to eight in number , can be superimposed at the toe region , and still the resulting assembly has a minimal combined height which occupies very little space in a toe region of a shoe . preferably , the top and bottom layers are joined together along their respective peripheries by a hot melt adhesive . insoles 10 , 100 further respectively have base layers 26 , 126 connected to the apertured layers , again preferably by a hot melt adhesive . each base layer is constituted of a flexible , cushioned , foam sheet material and has a well 28 , 128 into which the pumps 20 , 120 are received and fixed in position , again preferably with a hot melt adhesive . insoles 10 , 100 further respectively have optional cover layers 30 , 130 of cushioned sheet material for comfort . each cover layer overlies and is secured to the top apertured layer only at the heel region . each cover layer has a hole 32 , 132 in alignment with the pump inlets 22 , 122 . pumps 20 , 120 are of identical construction and each includes a pumping chamber 60 into which a pumping element 62 is accommodated . pumping element 62 has a plurality of dome - shaped , spaced - apart , protuberances 64 bounding air - filled voids 66 . the protuberances are interconnected by a connecting portion 68 , and are arranged along linear rows and linear columns orthogonal to the rows . as shown , the protuberances in one row are staggered relative to an adjacent row for increased packing density . linear longitudinal channels 70 connect the voids in each row of protuberances . linear transverse channels 72 connect the voids in each column of protuberances . each pump includes a flap valve 74 movable between a closed position ( fig3 and 6 ) in which the valve covers the pump inlet , and an open position ( fig2 and 5 ) in which the valve is remote from the pump inlet . each pump includes an elongated conduit 76 centrally disposed on the insole and having one end connected to the pump , and an opposite end connected to the outlets 24 , 124 . as shown , each conduit 76 lies on the base layers 26 , 126 and in a central channel 78 , 178 formed in the base layers to prevent the conduit from displacement . a plurality of air channels 80 , 180 ( see fig1 and 4 ) is also provided in the base layers and straddle the central channel . all of the channels 78 , 80 and 178 , 180 lead to common discharge ports 82 , 182 . a cover sheet 84 , 184 overlies the conduit , the discharge port and all the channels in the respective base layers . reference numeral 90 represents a foot raised above the pump ( fig2 and 5 ) and pressing down against the pump ( fig3 and 6 ) during walking and running . in use , as the heel of the foot is raised , a first volume of air is drawn through inlets 22 , 122 in the direction of arrows a past valve 74 which has been opened due to an under - pressure condition within the voids 66 . as the heel of the foot is lowered , the valve 74 closes , and the protuberances 64 are compressed , thereby creating an over - pressure in the voids and expelling the previously drawn - in air in the voids 66 through the conduit 76 , the pump outlets 24 , 124 , and the discharge ports 82 , 182 in the direction of the arrows b . a second volume of air within the air channels 80 , 180 is entrained by the expelled air from the voids and is commonly discharged as a ventilating air stream through the discharge ports . the air stream flows forwardly toward the toe region and upwardly through the openings and between the apertured layers following the path of least resistance . as the foot is again raised , the compressed protuberances return to their initial dome - shaped configurations due to their inherent resilience , and create the under - pressure condition in the voids to repeat the pumping action . to enhance the resilience of the pumping element , it is advantageously made of an elastomeric material . the insole may be manufactured as a stand - alone item , or may be incorporated in a finished shoe . it will be understood that each of the elements described above , or two or more together , also may find a useful application in other types of constructions differing from the types described above . while the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in a ventilated shoe insole having minimal height front region , it is not intended to be limited to the details shown , since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention . without further analysis , the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can , by applying current knowledge , readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that , from the standpoint of prior art , fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention and , therefore , such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalence of the following claims . what is claimed as new and desired to be protected by letters patent is set forth in the appended claims .