according to the present invention and referring to fig1 and 2 , a putter head 10 , typically attached to a shaft 12 ( only partially shown ), comprises an offset hosel 14 for receiving the shaft , a heel portion 16 at the hosel end of the putter head , a toe portion 18 opposite the heel portion 16 , and a striking face 20 . extending between the heel portion 16 and the toe portion 18 is the strike face 20 , which is the surface that contacts the golf ball ( not shown ) upon impact between the putter head 10 and the ball . the strike face 20 generally includes a “ sweet spot ,” or the center of gravity in the toe to heel direction . the strike face 20 can be comprised of the same material as the putter head or may include an insert 20 a , such as that disclosed in u . s . pat . no . 6 , 231 , 458 (“ the &# 39 ; 458 patent ”), which is incorporated herein , in its entirety , by express reference thereto . if an insert 20 a is present , it preferably comprises a soft material , such as an elastomeric material or a tellurium copper alloy . a vibration dampening means , such as an elastomeric material that is deformable may also be used with the optional insert , as set forth in the &# 39 ; 458 patent . in the preferred embodiment , the elastomeric material is a silicone material , stock no . ge281 , available from general electric company in waterford , n . y . the strike face 20 has a loft angle , which may be any angle , but is preferably less than about 10 degrees , more preferably , between about 2 degrees and about 7 degrees , and most preferably , between about 3 degrees and about 5 degrees . preferably , the loft of the strike face 20 is set so that the putter has 4 degrees of loft at impact for the individual golfer using the putter . referring to fig2 , the putter head further contains an alignment system for a golfer that comprises at least one first reference line 22 and a plurality of second reference lines 24 . the at least one first reference 22 line is spaced apart from and parallel to the striking face 20 , which is substantially planar , and runs along the top surface 26 of the putter head 10 , extending from the heel 16 to a location generally where the hosel 14 attaches to the putter head 10 . more preferably , the first reference line 22 extends from the heel 16 to the point where the hosel 14 abuts the back surface 28 of the front striking face 20 . the plurality of second reference lines 24 ( the “ ladder ”) are also located on the top surface 26 of the putter head 10 , substantially between the hosel 14 and the heel 16 . the plurality of second reference lines 24 are oriented perpendicular to the striking face and the first reference line 22 , and each individual line of the ladder 24 is spaced from each other such that the spacing provides a golfer with a visual reference points when observed from above . preferably , the lines are less than about 0 . 75 inches apart , more preferably , less than about 0 . 5 inches apart , and most preferably , less than about 0 . 25 inches apart . the hosel 14 can form an angle relative to the top surface 26 of the putter head 10 to provide all or part of the lie angle . generally , putter hosels extend from the putter perpendicularly and the shaft receiving boss is angled to form the lie angle . however , in the present invention , the hosel itself can be angled . preferably , the hosel 14 forms and angle of about 10 ° to about 30 ° with the top surface 26 of the putter head 10 and , more preferably , forms and angle of about 15 ° to about 25 ° with the top surface 26 of the putter head 10 . in a method of aligning the putter head , a golfer first holds the putter in the manner they typically would while addressing a golf ball prior to making a putting stroke . the hosel 14 of the putter head 10 will obscure some , all , or none of the plurality of lines comprising the ladder 24 depending on the lie angle that is natural to the golfer . by identifying what portion of the ladder 24 is obscured , and where the obscured portion is located relative to the heel portion 16 , the golfer can determine whether the putter head 10 lie angle is oriented in a flat , upright , or neutral position . additionally , the golf can determine the effective loft of their putting stroke by observing the position of the back edge 28 of the hosel 14 relative to the first reference line 22 . if the back edge 28 of the hosel 14 is leading the first reference line 22 , the putter is oriented in a closed face orientation . if the back edge 28 of the hosel 14 is abutting the first reference line 22 , the putter loft angle is in a neutral position . if the back edge 28 of the hosel 14 is obscuring or trailing the first reference line 22 , the putter loft is oriented in an open position . in a further embodiment of the method of alignment , the golfer can use the positions of the hosel 16 relative to both the first reference line 22 and the ladder 24 to keep the putter head 10 oriented in the same location throughout the entire putting stroke ( i . e ., the identical number of lines in the ladder 24 are obstructed from view during the entire putting stroke ). not only can the golfer ensure consistent head orientation but they can use the alignment method as a training aid to correct and adjust poor or incorrect putter orientation . in another embodiment of the present invention , referring to fig3 and 3 a , a putter 100 comprises a grip 110 attached to distal end 112 a of a hollow shaft 112 and an offset hosel 114 for receiving the proximal end 112 b of the shaft . the hosel 114 generally contains a shaft boss 114 b for receiving the shaft . the hosel 114 further comprises a hosel aperture 114 a into which the hollow shaft 112 is received . the putter 100 further comprises a putter head 116 comprising a heel portion 118 , a toe portion 120 opposite the heel portion 118 , and a striking face 122 . the striking face 122 comprises a front face 124 and a back face 126 . the front surface of the strike face 124 is the surface that contacts the golf ball ( not shown ) upon impact between the putter head 116 and the ball . the grip 110 has a first and second aperture ( 126 a and 126 b ), the first aperture 126 a for receiving the distal end 112 a of the shaft 112 , and the second aperture 126 b for receiving a collimated light source 128 , such as that emitted from a laser pointer , typically a solid state laser of minimal power ( typically less than about 3 mw ). the second aperture 126 b should have a diameter sufficiently sized to receive the collimated source 128 while firmly retaining it in the aperture . the apertures can be any diameter , however , preferred diameters are less than about 0 . 75 inches , more preferably less than about 0 . 5 inches , and most preferably less than about 0 . 3 inches . further , the diameter of both the second aperture 126 b and the collimated light source should be smaller than the internal diameter of the hollow shaft 112 such that the light source 128 will fit inside and co - axial with the hollow shaft 112 . the collimated source 128 is positioned substantially co - linear with the axis of the hollow shaft 112 such that the light may emerge from the proximal end of the shaft 112 a and through the hosel aperture 114 a . the collimated light beam will be visible on the ground in front of the striking face 122 , allowing a golfer to follow the track of the putting stroke while actually making the stroke . there is , therefore , a method of training a golfer to follow a proper putting stroke swing plane afforded by the above - described light - source - containing putter . referring to fig4 , another embodiment of the present invention includes a method for aligning a putter face prior to making a putter stroke as a training aid to ensure squareness of the putter with respect to the putting line . a collimated light source , such as that emitted from a laser ( i . e ., a solid state laser , laser pointer ), is oriented perpendicular to the striking face of a putter and is directed at the putter head . the putter head comprises a reflective surface 200 attached to the striking face 202 for reflecting the laser beam 204 back towards an indexed reference device , such as an opaque surface , such as a ruler or paper , a grid , such as graph paper , or a photo - detector , such as a charge - coupled device (“ ccd ”). the reflective surface can be any reflective surface , but is preferably a mirror or highly - polished fused silica or glass . a spacer or shim may also be used to orient the reflecting surface in the proper angle for return of the collimated light source to the reference device . as a golfer address a golf ball prior to making a putting stroke , the laser beam is directed back at the reference device . the location of the reflected beam of light on the reference device aids the golfer in determining the orientation of the putter face prior to making the putting stroke . for example , if the putter face is held in an “ open ” orientation , the laser beam spot will be reflected to the right of center on the reference device . conversely , of the putter face is held in a closed orientation , the laser beam spot will be reflected to the left of center on the reference device . of course , if the putter face is square , the laser beam spot will be reflected directly to the center of the reference device . referring to fig5 , in an alternative embodiment of the present invention , a beam splitter ( or other partial light reflecting , refracting , or transmitting device ) 300 is attached to the striking face 302 of the putter . the beam emanating from the collimated light source 304 located in the grip of the putter , such as that emitted from a laser pointer , is allowed to strike the beam splitter 300 . the beam splitter 300 allows part of the laser beam to pass directly through it such that it still strikes the ground ( as described above ), allowing a golfer to align and train their putting stroke plane . the remaining light energy of the laser beam , typically about 50 %, is directed in a direction perpendicular to the striking face 302 for use in directional alignment of the strike face 302 itself . the redirected part of the laser beam hits the reference device , allowing a golfer to determine the orientation of the striking face of the putter prior to initiating a putting stroke . suitable beam splitters include beam splitter cubes and right angle prisms , such as model nos . 46216 , 46219 , 46222 , 46225 , and 46240 ( beam splitter cubes ) and model nos . 46060 , 46070 , 46165 , and 46166 ( right angle prisms ), commercially available from oriel instruments of stratford , conn . beam splitter cubes split a laser beam into two orthogonal beams . these beam splitters do not displace the beam and are typically optimized for a specific wavelength of laser light . beam splitter cubes are generally made from two borosilicate glass right angled prisms cemented together at the hypotenuse . the hypotenuse of one prism is coated with a beam splitter coating prior to cementing . additionally , a high efficiency anti - reflection coating is applied to the entrance and exit faces . right angle prisms turn a laser beam 90 ° through total internal reflection off the hypotenuse . reflectance is very high , typically 99 %, especially when an anti - reflection coating is used . the reference device can be anything that gives the golfer “ feedback ” regarding their putting stroke and can include , without limitation , any flat surface , a grid , graph paper , or any photosensitive - array detector , such as a photomultiplier tube , an avalanche photodiode , or a ccd . if the reference device is a photosensitive - array , the signal generated by such may be transferred to an output device , such as a pc , monitor , or an oscilloscope so that the golfer can visually “ see ” their alignment and / or store the data from such for future use , perhaps for downloading to a personal data assistant ( i . e ., a palm pilot ®). another embodiment of the present invention combines the reference device above with a similar reference device in the floor ( or a holding device , such as a mat ) below the golfer . in combination with the collimated light source and a beam splitter , a golfer may not only gain valuable information about his alignment and putting swing path , he may obtain both simultaneously . the visual and recorded data from such a training session may be stored and / or correlated for analysis by the golfer or a golf coach , as well as being retained for comparison purposes at a later training session . as used herein , the term “ about ,” used in connection with one or more numbers or numerical ranges , should be understood to refer to all such numbers , including all numbers in a range . the invention described and claimed herein is not to be limited in scope by the specific embodiments herein disclosed , since these embodiments are intended as illustrations of several aspects of the invention . any equivalent embodiments are intended to be within the scope of this invention . indeed , various modifications of the invention in addition to those shown and described herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description . such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims .