fig1 and 2 show a relatively rigid helix 10 comprising one turn of a spiral 11 with the end of the spiral bent toward the center and then 90 ° upwards through the middle of the spiral to form shaft 12 . the shaft 12 ends in an eye 14 for attaching a suture . the leading end 16 of the helix 10 is a sharp end to allow for screwing of the helix 10 into the body tissue . the invention includes a rigid helix having more than one turn of the spiral . conveniently , the end 16 is bend inwardly toward the shaft 12 for protection against erosion through adjacent critical organs such as the bladder and vagina . the eye 14 may be replaced by other suture attaching means such as a closed needle eye , or the shaft 12 may be hollow to enable swaging of a suture in the shaft in accordance with known hollow suture needles . fig3 shows flip anchor 28 and placement means 30 . the flip anchor 28 has an axial channel 32 which snugly fits around the placement means 30 . the anchor 28 includes a radial channel 34 allowing for passage of a suture 36 . the flip anchor 28 conveniently is in the shape of a flat rectangle . the placement means 30 is a surgical guide wire which may be placed in position by a needle , or a needle extension . on pulling at both ends of the suture 36 , the anchor 28 flips and becomes positioned substantially at right angles to the means 30 . in an alternative embodiment , the flip anchor may have a means for attachment to a tool which is capable of flipping the anchor . once the anchor 28 is in the flipped position , the suture 36 may be pulled from the suprapubic end . fig4 shows an adjustable tissue anchor 38 placed between the rectus muscle 40 and subcutaneous tissue 42 . suture 44 extends between the tissue anchor 38 and anchoring means 46 placed between periurethral fascia 48 and vaginal wall 50 . the anchoring means 46 may be properly positioned by introduction through a small incision of the vaginal wall . alternatively , the anchoring means 46 may be introduced through a puncture of the vaginal wall by a needle . thus , the flip anchor 28 of fig3 may be positioned on a needle , as described above . alternatively , a padlike tissue anchor may be inserted in a needle and pushed through the needle , for instance with an obtrator . the needle is subsequently withdrawn . the needle may have an extension known to have a certain length equal to the length between the desired position of the pad and the vaginal wall . this extension helps the surgeon in determining the distance which the needle has traveled through the vaginal wall , and thus the distance at which the anchoring means may be dropped . another method for positioning the anchoring means below the urethra between the vaginal wall and the periurethral fascia makes use of a solid needle having a sleeve . the needle punctures the vaginal wall when the proper position is attained , the needle is withdrawn leaving the sleeve behind in the tissue of the body . an anchoring means may then be inserted through the sleeve , and the sleeve withdrawn . fig5 shows the adjustable tissue anchor 38 of fig4 in a perspective view . the tissue anchor 38 comprises substantially cylindrical anchor body 52 having snapping lip 54 to snap on cover lid 56 . anchor bottom 58 connects anchor body 52 with inner cylinder 60 . suture 62 is wrapped around inner cylinder 60 , guided through channel 66 underneath suture - clamping screw 64 and through outer hole 68 which in fig5 extends from the top 70 of the inner cylinder 66 through the anchor bottom 58 . suture 62 is clamped to the inner side of anchor bottom 58 by screw 64 when the anchor 38 is placed in the body . on removal of cover lid 56 , screw 64 may be adjusted with a screwdriver . thus , by screwing the screw 64 upwards , suture 62 is free for wrapping around inner cylinder 66 to shorten the length of the suture in the body , or the suture 62 is free for unwrapping from inner cylinder 66 to lengthen the suture in the body . fig6 and 7 show an externally adjustable tissue anchor 72 . the tissue anchor 72 comprises substantially cylindrical anchor body 74 , snapping lip 76 to snap on cover lid 78 having access hole 79 , bottom 80 , tissue anchor wall 82 and rotating spool 94 on which suture 106 is wound . the spool 84 may be rotated with the aid of driving gear 84 . driving gear 84 is situated in opening 86 of the bottom 80 . the driving gear 84 comprises funnel 88 leading to hex driving hole 90 , and driving gear teeth 92 . rotating spool 94 has inside gear teeth 96 which are capable of engaging the driving gear teeth 92 of driving gear 84 . the rotating spool 94 is locked in place between bottom edges 98 and 100 of the rotating spool bottom 80 . wave spring 102 is located under the driving gear 84 . when the driving gear 84 is pushed downwards , e . g . by hand , the wave spring 102 allows the driving gear 84 to move down so disengaging ratcheting pawl 104 . when the pawl 104 is disengaged , the rotating spool 94 can be rotated to release suture 106 from the spool 94 . rotation of the rotating spool 94 is with an external tool such as an allen wrench , capable of puncturing through the skin into access hole 79 in cover lid 78 engaging the hex driving hole 90 . on release of the driving gear 84 , the wave spring 102 returns the driving gear 84 to its original position in engagement with ratcheting pawl 104 allowing for rotation of the rotating spool 94 for uptake of suture 106 on the spool 94 . the ratcheting pawl 104 is attached to rotating spool bottom 80 through pawl spring 106 and spring post 108 and pivots on pawl pin 110 which is attached to pawl post 112 . the pawl post 112 in turn is attached to bottom 80 or is part of bottom 80 . the suture 106 is spooled on rotating spool 94 , channeled through hole 114 in bottom 80 , and led through ridges or holes in extensions 116 and 118 at the bottom 80 to the center of the anchor 72 . the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments . those skilled in the art will appreciate variations and modifications thereof . the following claims are intended to cover all modifications and variations falling within the spirit and scope of the invention .