in order to make the objects , technical solutions and advantages more apparent , the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the invention will be described below clearly and fully with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the invention , and apparently the embodiments as described are merely a part but not all of the embodiments of the invention . all the other embodiments which can occur to those ordinarily skilled in the art from the embodiments here of the invention without any inventive effort shall fall into the scope of the invention as claimed . an embodiment of the invention provides a method for transmitting a d2d signal . as illustrated in fig6 , the method for transmitting a d2d signal according to an embodiment of the invention includes : the operation s 601 is to detect a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal , and to determine a synchronization reference ( or referred to as a timing reference ) for sending or receiving other d2d signal according to the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal ; the operation s 603 is to determine a d2d resource configuration according to information carried in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal ; and the operation s 605 is to determine a resource position for d2d signal transmission , according to the determined synchronization reference for sending or receiving the other d2d signal , and the determined d2d resource configuration , and to send or receive the other d2d signal at the resource position . where the d2d signal can include a d2f discovery signal and / or a d2d communication signal . it shall be noted that the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal for determining the d2d resource configuration in the operation s 603 may or may not be the same as the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal for determining the synchronization reference in the operation s 601 respectively . for example , the synchronization reference can be determined using the synchronization signal in the operation s 601 , and the resource configuration can be determined using the d2d signal ( e , g ., the d2d communication signal or the d2d discovery signal ) in the operation s 603 . moreover the other d2d signal mentioned in the operation s 601 and the operation s 605 different from the d2d signal above may be other d2d signal sent by a ue sending the d2d signal above , or may be a d2d signal sent by another ue , or may be a d2d signal to be sent subsequently ; and the other d2d signal may be received by receiving a d2d signal of a serving cell where the ue is located , or may be a d2d signal of a non - serving cell . where the synchronization signal may include a synchronization sequence for obtaining a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number , or may include a synchronization channel for obtaining a radio frame number , so that the synchronization reference can be determined based upon the synchronization signal . moreover the synchronization reference may be determined by detecting the synchronization signal , or may be determined by detecting the d2d signal ( e . g ., the d2d discovery signal ), or may be determined by detecting both the synchronization signal and the d2d signal . the determined synchronization reference includes a timing synchronization reference and / or a frequency synchronization reference . particularly the synchronization reference for sending or receiving the other d2d signal can be determined in at least one of : a sub - frame start position is obtained according to a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal , or a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal ; a frequency offset estimation is obtained according to a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal , or a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal ; a sub - frame number and / or a radio frame number is obtained according to information carried in a discovery message in the d2d discovery signal , or a communication message in the d2d communication signal ; a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number are obtained according to a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal ; a frequency offset estimation is obtained according to a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal ; a radio frame number is obtained according to information carried over a synchronization channel in the synchronization signal . in an embodiment , the synchronization reference can be determined according to the d2d signal without determining the sub - frame number , for example , the sub - frame start position can be obtained as the synchronization reference according to the discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal , and the d2d signal can be received without determining the sub - frame number . a process of determining the d2d resource configuration will be described below , where the resource configuration as referred to here can include a resource configuration of the d2d discovery signal ( i . e ., a d2d discovery resource configuration ) and / or a resource configuration of the d2d communication signal ( i . e ., a d2d communication resource configuration ). moreover the d2d resource configuration can be determined by determining a d2d resource configuration of the ue sending the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal , according to information carded in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal , or determining a global d2d resource configuration according to information carried in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal . that is , the determined resource configuration can be a resource configuration of the ue or a global resource configuration , where the global d2d resource configuration can be a d2d resource configuration of all the ues in a cell , or can be a d2d resource configuration of all the cells . moreover the d2d resource configuration can include at least one of : a physical resource configuration ( e . g ., a time resource and frequency resource configuration , including a frequency hopping pattern , occupied by the d2d signal ); a physical resource unit ( i . e ., the size of a resource occupied by a discovery resource or communication resource ); the number of transmissions in a periodicity ; the probability at which the d2d signal is sent ; information about a sequence used by the d2d signal ; scrambling information for the d2d signal ; the length of a cp of the d2d signal . the d2d resource configuration can be determined in a number of approaches , which will be described below respectively . ( first approach ) the d2d resource configuration is determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal , and a pre - obtained correspondence relationship between the information and the d2d resource configuration . the information carried in the synchronization signal includes at least one of : a sequence identifier for generating a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal ( the sequence identifier can be obtained from a cell id of the cell where the ue is located , or a cluster id of the cluster where the ue is located ), a sequence type for the synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the synchronization sequence , time division duplex ( tdd ) uplink - downlink configuration information carried in the synchronization signal , system bandwidth information carried in the synchronization signal . moreover the information carried in the d2d discovery signal can be carried in a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal and / or a discovery message in the d2d discovery signal ; and the information carried in the d2d communication signal is carried in a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal and / or a communication message in the d2d communication signal , where optionally the information carried in the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence includes at least one of : a sequence identifier for generating the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence ( the sequence identifier can be the cell id of the cell where the ue is located , or the cluster id of the cluster where the ue is located ), a sequence type for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , and other information ; and the information carried in the discovery message or the communication message includes at least one of : a d2d of the ue , the cell id of the cell where the ue is located , the cluster id of the cluster where the ue is located , a d2d application id , d2d resource configuration indication information , a sequence identifier for generating a demodulation reference signal ( dmrs ) sequence of the discovery message or the communication message ; where the d2d resource configuration indication information includes at least one of : d2d discovery resource configuration indication information , d2d communication resource configuration indication information . the d2d resource configuration indication information includes at least one of : d2d discovery resource configuration indication information , d2d communication resource configuration indication information . in the correspondence relationship above , if one of the two corresponding items is the d2d resource configuration , then the other item can include any one of : the information carried in the synchronization signal , the information carried in the discovery sequence , the information carried in the discovery message , the information carried in the communication synchronization sequence , and the information carried in the communication message , or can include a combination of more than one of the information listed above . for example , in an embodiment , the ue determines the d2d resource configuration according to the sequence identifier determined for the sequence of the detected synchronization signal , and a predetermined correspondence relationship between the sequence identifier and the d2d resource configuration ; in another embodiment , the ue determines the d2d resource configuration according to the sequence identifier determined for the discovery sequence in the detected d2d discovery signal , and a predetermined correspondence relationship between the sequence identifier and the d2d resource configuration ; in still another embodiment , the ue determines the d2d discovery resource configuration according to the d2d id included in the discovery message in the detected d2d discovery signal , and a predetermined correspondence relationship between the d2d id and the d2d discovery resource configuration ; and in a further embodiment , the ue determines the d2d resource configuration according to the d2d resource configuration indication information included in the discovery message in the detected d2d discovery signal , and a predetermined correspondence relationship between the d2d resource configuration indication information and the d2d resource configuration ; and the particular embodiments listed here can also be combined with each other , and can also be combined with other embodiments which are not listed here . moreover the correspondence relationship above is pre - obtained from a base station or a cluster head ue , or obtained through a predefined method . where if the correspondence relationship is pre - obtained from the base station or the cluster head ue , then the correspondence relationship includes at least one of : a correspondence relationship between the information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of the present cell , and the d2d resource configuration ; a correspondence relationship between information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of other cell , and the d2d resource configuration ; a correspondence relationship between the information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of the present cluster head , and the d2d resource configuration ; a correspondence relationship between information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of other cluster head , and the d2d resource configuration . for example the base station of the present cell can obtain the correspondence relationship between the information carried in the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal of the other cell , and the d2d resource configuration by exchanging d2d resource configuration information with the other base station , and further notify the ue ; and the cluster head ue can obtain the correspondence relationship between the information carried in the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal of the other cluster , and the d2d resource configuration by exchanging d2d resource configuration information with the other cluster head ue , and further notify the ue . ( second approach ) the d2d resource configuration is determined directly according to d2d resource configuration information included in the detected d2d signal . the d2d signal includes a d2d discovery signal and / or a d2d communication signal , and the d2d resource configuration can be determined in this approach by determining the d2d resource configuration directly according to d2d resource configuration information included in a discovery message in the detected d2d discovery signal or a communication message in the detected d2d communication signal . for example , for the d2d discovery signal , the d2d resource configuration is carried directly in the d2d discovery signal instead of being carried in the d2d discovery signal in correspondence to some specific information , so the ue can determine the d2d resource configuration by directly reading the information carried in the d2d discovery signal without referring to the correspondence relationship in the first approach described above . for example , the ue can determine the d2d discovery resource configuration according to discovery resource configuration information included in the discovery message in the d2d discovery signal . for the d2d communication signal , the d2d resource configuration can be determined similarly . ( third approach ) a physical resource for d2d transmission is determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration is determined according to the physical resource . the d2d resource configuration is determined in this approach by determining the physical resource available to d2d transmission according to the information carried in the synchronization signal to thereby determine the d2d resource configuration . for example , the ue determines from the tdd uplink - downlink configuration information carried in the synchronization signal that uplink sub - frames thereof are available to d2d transmission to thereby determine the d2d resource configuration . in another example , the ue determines from the system bandwidth information carried in the synchronization signal that only resource in a system bandwidth are available to d2d transmission to thereby determine the d2d resource configuration . the information carried in the synchronization signal includes at least one of : a sequence identifier for generating a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal ( the sequence identifier can be obtained from a cell id of the cell where the ue is located , or a cluster id of the cluster where the ue is located ), a sequence type for the synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the synchronization sequence , tdd uplink - downlink configuration information carried in the synchronization signal , system bandwidth information carried in the synchronization signal . moreover the information carried in the d2d discovery signal can be carried in a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal and / or a discovery message in the d2d discovery signal ; and the information carried in the d2d communication signal is carried in a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal and / or a communication message in the d2d communication signal , where optionally the information carried in the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence includes at least one of : a sequence identifier for generating the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence ( the sequence identifier can be the cell id of the cell where the ue is located , or the cluster id of the cluster where the ue is located ), a sequence type for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , and other information ; and the information carried in the discovery message or the communication message includes at least one of : a d2d id of the ue , the cell id of the cell where the ue is located , the cluster id of the cluster where the ue is located , a d2d application id , d2d resource configuration indication information , a sequence identifier for generating a dmrs sequence of the discovery message or the communication message ; where the d2d resource configuration indication information includes at least one of : d2d discovery resource configuration indication information , d2d communication resource configuration indication information . the d2d resource configuration indication information includes at least one of : d2d discovery resource configuration indication information , d2d communication resource configuration indication information . after the synchronization reference and the d2d resource configuration are determined as described above , the ue can determine the resource position for d2d signal transmission , and further send or receive the d2d signal at the resource position . in an embodiment , the ue can determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal , and send or receive the d2d signal at the resource position . in another embodiment , the ue can determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the d2d discovery signal , and send or receive the d2d signal . in another embodiment , the ue can determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the d2d communication signal , and send or receive the d2d signal . in another embodiment , the ue can determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the d2d discovery signal and / or the information carried in the d2d communication signal , and send or receive the d2d signal . in another embodiment , the ue can determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal and the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal or the d2d discovery signal , and send or receive the d2d signal . in another embodiment , the ue can determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal and the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal or the d2d communication signal , and send or receive the d2d signal . the process above according to the invention can send and detect the d2d signal so that the ue can obtain timing and resource information required for reception of d2d signals of different cells or clusters , according to the synchronization signal or the d2d signal , and also can obtain timing and resource information of the present cell , or the cluster where the ue is located , using this method to thereby send d2d signals . the technical solution according to the invention will be described below in connection with particular examples thereof : in a first example , the ue which is a d2d ue is in the coverage area of the base station . the base station exchanges information with an adjacent base station , obtains a cell id and a d2d resource configuration of a cell covered by the adjacent base station , and further creates a correspondence relationship between the cell id and the d2d resource configuration , and notifies the ue via downlink control signaling or a broadcast , where the d2d resource configuration here can be a d2d discovery resource configuration , or can be a d2d communication resource configuration . for example , we can refer to the correspondence relationship depicted in table 1 : the ue receives the downlink control signaling or the broadcast , sent by the base station , indicating the correspondence relationship between the cell id and the d2d resource configuration ; the ue detects synchronization signals of a plurality of cells based upon different cell ids , and determines synchronization references for receiving d2d signals of the respective cells according to downlink timings obtained from the synchronization signals of the respective cells , where the d2d signal corresponds to the d2d resource configuration , that is , if the d2d resource configuration is the d2d discovery resource configuration , then the synchronization reference will be a synchronization reference of the d2d discovery signal ; and if the d2d resource configuration is the d2d communication resource configuration , then the synchronization reference will be a synchronization reference of the d2d communication signal ; the ue obtains the cell ids of the respective cells by detecting the synchronization signals of the respective cells , where the cell id is a sequence identifier determined by a sequence for the synchronization signal as in downlink synchronization in the lte . then the ue determines d2d resource configurations of the respective cells according to the pre - obtained correspondence relationship between the cell id and the d2d resource configuration ; for example , if the ue detects that the id of some cell a , where a synchronization signal a is sent , is a cell id2 , then the ue may determine that a d2d resource configuration of the cell is the periodicity 2 and the sub - frame configuration 2 ; and the ue determines physical resources over which the d2d signals of the respective cells are to be received , according to the determined synchronization references for receiving the d2d signals of the respective cells , and the d2d resource configurations of the corresponding cells , and receives the d2d signals over the corresponding resources . for example , the ue determines a synchronization reference of the cell a according to the synchronization signal a , obtains a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number of the cell a , and then receives the d2d signal of the cell a in a sub - frame corresponding to the sub - frame configuration 2 at the periodicity 2 according to the d2d resource configuration of the cell a , i . e ., the cell id2 , obtained from the synchronization signal a . in a second example , the ue which is a d2d ue is out of the coverage area of the base station . the respective ues prescribe a correspondence relationship between a cluster id and a d2d resource configuration , for example , a cluster with a cluster id of k corresponds to a d2d resource periodicity t , and an applicable d2d sub - frame index n satisfies n mod 3 = k mod 3 . the d2d resource here can be a resource for a d2d discovery , or can be a resource for d2d communication ; the ue detects synchronization signals of a plurality of clusters based upon different cluster ids , and determines synchronization references for receiving d2d signals of the respective clusters according to downlink timings obtained from the synchronization signals of the respective clusters , where the d2d signal corresponds to the d2d resource configuration , that is , if the d2d resource configuration is the d2d discovery resource configuration , then the synchronization reference will be a synchronization reference of the d2d discovery signal ; and if the d2d resource configuration is the d2d communication resource configuration , then the synchronization reference will be a synchronization reference of the d2d communication signal ; the ue obtains the cluster ids of the respective clusters by detecting the synchronization signals of the respective clusters , where the cluster id is a sequence identifier determined by a sequence for the synchronization signal as in downlink synchronization in the lte . then the ue determines d2d resource configurations of the respective clusters according to the pre - obtained correspondence relationship between the cluster id and the d2d resource configuration ; for example , if the ue detects that the cluster id of some cluster a , where a synchronization signal a is sent , is k , then the ue may determine that a d2d resource configuration of the cluster is the periodicity t , and the applicable d2d sub - frame index n satisfies n mod 3 = k mod 3 ; and the ue determines physical resources over which the d2d signals of the respective clusters are to be received , according to the determined synchronization references for receiving the d2d signals of the respective clusters , and the d2d resource configurations of the corresponding clusters , and receives the d2d signals over the corresponding resources . for example , the ue determines a synchronization reference of the cluster a according to the synchronization signal a , obtains a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number of the cluster a , and then receives the d2d signal of the cluster a in a sub - frame corresponding to a sub - frame index satisfying n mod 3 = k mod 3 at the periodicity t according to the d2d resource configuration of the cluster a , obtained from the synchronization signal a . in a third example , the ue which is a d2d ue is in the coverage area of the base station . the base station exchanges information with an adjacent base station , obtains a sequence id for generating a discovery sequence by the ue in a cell covered by the adjacent base station , and a d2d discovery resource configuration of the corresponding cell , and further creates a correspondence relationship between the sequence id and the d2d discovery resource configuration , and notifies the ue via downlink control signaling or a broadcast ; for example , we can refer to the correspondence relationship depicted in table 2 ( the sequence id can be the same as the cell id ): the ue receives the downlink control signaling or the broadcast , sent by the base station , indicating the correspondence relationship between the sequence id and the d2d resource configuration ; the ue detects d2d discovery signals from different ues based upon different sequence ids and corresponding bandwidth configurations , and determines synchronization references for receiving d2d discovery signals of the respective ues , or other ues in cells where the ues are located , according to timings obtained from discovery sequences in the d2d discovery signals ; the ue obtains sequence ids for generating the discovery sequences by the respective ues according to the discovery sequences in the detected d2d discovery signals of the respective ue , and then determines d2d discovery resource configurations for sending the d2d discovery signals by the respective ues , or the other ues in the cells where the ues are located , according to the pre - obtained correspondence relationship between the discovery sequence id and the d2d discovery resource configuration ; for example , if the ue detects that the sequence id of a discovery sequence in some d2d discovery signal is a sequence id1 , then the ue may determine that a d2d discovery resource configuration of the ue , or the cell where the ue is located , is the bandwidth configuration 1 , the discovery periodicity 1 , and the discovery sub - frame configuration 1 ; and the ue determines physical resources over which the d2d discovery signals of the respective ues , or the other ues in the cells where the respective ues are located , are to be received , according to the determined synchronization references for receiving the d2d discovery signals of the respective ues , or the cells where the respective ues are located , and the d2d resource configurations of the respective ues , or the cells where the respective ues are located , and receives the d2d discovery signals over the corresponding resources . for example , the ue determines a synchronization reference of a ue a according to a d2d discovery signal a , obtains a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number of the ue a , and then receives the d2d discovery signal of the ue a over a bandwidth corresponding to the bandwidth configuration 1 , in a sub - frame corresponding to the discovery sub - frame configuration 1 at the discovery periodicity 1 according to the d2d resource configuration of the ue a , i . e ., the ue sequence id1 , obtained from the d2d discovery signal a . the ue detects d2d discovery signals from different ues , and determines synchronization references for receiving d2d discovery signals of the respective ues , or ues in cells where the ues are located , according to timings obtained from discovery sequences in the d2d discovery signals ; the ue determines d2d discovery resource configurations for sending the d2d discovery signals by the respective ues , or the ues in the cells where the respective ues are located according to discovery resource configuration information carried in discovery messages in the detected d2d discovery signals of the respective ues ; for example , the discovery resource configuration information of several bits in the discovery message indicates that the d2d discovery resource configuration of the ue , or the cell where the ue is located is the bandwidth configuration 1 , the discovery periodicity 1 , the discovery sub - frame configuration 1 , and the frequency hopping configuration 1 ; and the ue determines physical resources over which the d2d discovery signals of the respective ues , or the ues in the cells where the respective ues are located , are to be received , according to the determined synchronization references for receiving the d2d discovery signals of the respective ues , or the cells where the respective ues are located , and the d2d discovery resource configurations of the respective ues , or the cells where the respective ues are located , and receives the d2d discovery signals over the corresponding resources . for example , the ue determines a synchronization reference of a cell where a ue a is located , according to a discovery sequence in a d2d discovery signal a , obtains a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number of the cell , and then determines physical resources for the respective ues in the cell where the ue a is located , in accordance with the frequency hopping configuration 1 over a bandwidth corresponding to the bandwidth configuration 1 , in a sub - frame corresponding to the discovery sub - frame configuration i at the discovery periodicity 1 according to the d2d discovery resource configuration of the cell where the ue a is located , obtained from a discovery message in the d2d discovery signal a , and receives the d2d discovery signals sent by the ues in the cell a . the ue detects synchronization signals from different cells and / or clusters , and determines synchronization reference for determining d2d discovery signals of the respective cells and / or clusters according to downlink timings obtained from the synchronization signals of the respective cells and / or clusters ; the ue detects the d2d discovery signals of the respective cells in a predefined resource range according to the determined synchronization references for receiving the d2d discovery signals of the respective cells and / or clusters ; the ue determines d2d discovery resource configurations for sending the d2d discovery signals by ues in the cells and / or clusters where the respective ues are located , according to discovery resource configuration information carried in discovery messages in the detected d2d discovery signals sent by the ues in the cells and / or the clusters ; for example , the discover resource configuration information of several bits in the discovery message indicates that the d2d discovery resource configuration of the cell and / or the cluster where the ue is located is the discovery sub - frame configuration 1 and the discovery sub - band configuration 1 ; and the ue determines physical resource for receiving the d2d discovery signals of the respective cells and / or clusters according to the determined synchronization references for receiving the d2d discovery signals of the respective cells and / or clusters , and the d2d discovery resource configurations of the respective cells and / or clusters , and receives the d2d discovery signals over the respective resources . for example , the ue determines a synchronization reference of a cell and / or a cluster where a ue a is located according to a synchronization signal a , obtains a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number of the cell and / or the cluster , and then receives the d2d discovery signals sent by the ues in the cell and / or the cluster a , in a sub - band corresponding to the sub - band configuration 1 in a sub - frame corresponding to the discovery sub - frame configuration 1 according to a d2d discovery resource configuration of the cell and / or the cluster where the ue a is located , obtained from a discovery message in a d2d discovery signal a . in a sixth example , the ue which is a d2d ue is out of the coverage area of the base station . the respective ues prescribe a correspondence relationship between a cluster id and a d2d resource configuration , for example , a cluster with a cluster id of k corresponds to a d2d resource periodicity t , and an applicable d2d sub - frame index n satisfies n mod 4 = k mod 4 ( n & lt ; 20 ). the d2d resource configuration here can be a d2d discovery resource configuration , or can be a d2d communication resource configuration ; the ue detects a synchronization signal of a cluster where the ue is located based upon different cluster ids , and determines a synchronization reference for sending a d2d signal according to a downlink timing obtained from the synchronization signal of the cluster where the ue is located , where the d2d signal here corresponds to the d2d resource configuration , that is , if the d2d resource configuration is the d2d discovery resource configuration , then the synchronization reference here will be a synchronization reference of the d2d discovery signal ; and if the d2d resource configuration is the d2d communication resource configuration , then the synchronization reference here will be a synchronization reference of the d2d communication signal ; the ue determines a d2d resource configuration of a cluster where the ue is located , according to a cluster id obtained while detecting the synchronization signal ( the cluster id here is a sequence identifier determined for a sequence applicable to the synchronization signal ), and a pre - obtained correspondence relationship between the cluster id and the d2d resource configuration ; for example , if the ue detects that the cluster id of the cluster where the ue is located , is k , then the ue will determine that the d2d resource configuration of the cluster is the discovery periodicity t , and the applicable d2d sub - frame index n satisfies n mod 4 = k mod 4 ( n & lt ; 20 ). the d2d resource configuration here includes the same information as the d2d resource configuration in the first operation of the sixth example ; and the ue determines a physical resource over which the d2d signal is to be sent , according to the determined synchronization reference for sending the d2d signal , and the d2d resource configuration of the cluster where the ue is located , and sends the d2d signal over the corresponding resource . for example , the ue determines a synchronization reference for sending the d2d signal according to a synchronization signal a of the cluster where the ue is located , obtains a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number of the cluster where the ue is located , and then sends the d2d signal in a sub - frame corresponding to a sub - frame index satisfying n mod 4 = k mod 4 ( n & lt ; 20 ) at the periodicity t according to the d2d resource configuration of the cluster where the ue is located , obtained from the synchronization signal a . the ue detects d2d communication signals from different ues , and determines synchronization references for receiving the d2d communication signals of the respective ues , or ues in cells where the ues are located , according to timings obtained from communication synchronization sequences in the d2d communication signals ; the ue determines d2d communication resource configurations for sending the d2d communication signals by the respective ues , or the ues in the cells where the respective ues are located , according to communication resource configuration information carried in communication messages in the detected d2d communication signals of the respective ues ; for example , the communication resource configuration information of several bits in the communication message indicates that the d2d communication resource configuration of the ue , or the cell where the ue is located , is the bandwidth configuration 1 , the communication sub - frame configuration 1 , and the communication duration 1 ; and the ue determines physical resources for receiving the d2d communication signals of the respective ues , or the ues in the cells where the respective ues are located , according to the determined synchronization references for receiving the d2d communication signals of the ues , or the cells where the ues are located , and the d2d communication resource configurations of the ues , or the cells where the ues are located , and receives the d2d communication signals over the corresponding resources . for example , the ue determines a synchronization reference of a cell where a ue a is located , according to a communication synchronization sequence in a d2d communication signal a , obtains a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number of the cell and then determines physical resources for sending d2d communication signals by respective ues in the cell where the ue a is located , in accordance with the communication duration 1 over a bandwidth corresponding to the bandwidth configuration 1 , in a sub - frame corresponding to the communication sub - frame configuration 1 according to a d2d communication resource configuration of the cell where the ue a is located , obtained from a communication message in the d2d communication signal a , and receives the d2d communication signals sent by the ues in the cell a . an embodiment of the invention further provides an apparatus for transmitting a d2d signal . as illustrated in fig7 , an apparatus for transmitting a d2d signal according to an embodiment of the invention includes : a first determining module 71 configured to detect a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal , and to determine a synchronization reference for sending or receiving other d2d signal , according to the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal ; a second determining module 72 configured to determine a d2d resource configuration according to information carried in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal ; and a transmitting module 73 configured to determine a resource position for d2d signal transmission , according to the determined synchronization reference for sending or receiving the other d2d signal , and the determined d2d resource configuration , and to send or receive the other d2d signal at the resource position . moreover when determining the synchronization reference , the first determining module 71 is configured to determine the synchronization reference for sending or receiving the other d2d signal by at least one of : obtaining a sub - frame start position according to a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal , or a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal ; obtaining a frequency offset estimation according to a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal , or a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal ; obtaining a sub - frame number and / or a radio frame number according to information carried in a discovery message in the d2d discovery signal , or a communication message in the d2d communication signal ; obtaining a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number according to a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal ; obtaining a frequency offset estimation according to a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal ; obtaining a radio frame number according to information carried over a synchronization channel in the synchronization signal . in an aspect , the second determining module 72 configured to determine the d2d resource configuration is configured to determine the d2d resource configuration according to the information carried in the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal , and a pre - obtained correspondence relationship between the information and the d2d resource configuration . where the information carried in the synchronization signal includes at least one of : a sequence identifier for generating a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal , a sequence type for the synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the synchronization sequence , tdd uplink - downlink configuration information carried in the synchronization signal , system bandwidth information carried in the synchronization signal . moreover the information carried in the d2d discovery signal is carried in a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal and / or a discovery message in the d2d discovery signal ; and the information carried in the d2d communication signal is carried in a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal and / or a communication message in the d2d communication signal . moreover the information carried in the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence includes at least one of a sequence identifier for generating the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , a sequence type for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , and other information . where the information carried in the discovery message or the communication message includes at least one of a d2d id of a ue , a cell id of a cell where the ue is located , a cluster id of a cluster where the ue is located , a d2d application id , d2d resource configuration indication information , a sequence identifier for generating a dmrs sequence of the discovery message or the communication message ; where the d2d resource configuration indication information includes at least one of d2d discovery resource configuration indication information , d2d communication resource configuration indication information . moreover the correspondence relationship is pre - obtained from a base station or a cluster head ue , or obtained through a predefined apparatus . moreover if the correspondence relationship is pre - obtained from the base station or the cluster head ue , then the correspondence relationship includes at least one of : a correspondence relationship between the information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of the present cell , and the d2d resource configuration ; a correspondence relationship between information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of other cell , and the d2d resource configuration ; a correspondence relationship between the information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of the present cluster head , and the d2d resource configuration ; a correspondence relationship between information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2signal of other cluster head , and the d2d resource configuration . in another aspect , instead of determining the d2d resource configuration according to the correspondence relationship , the second determining module 72 configured to determine the d2d resource configuration is configured to determine the d2d resource configuration directly according to d2d resource configuration information included in the detected d2d signal . where the d2d signal includes a d2d discovery signal and / or a d2d communication signal , and the second determining module 72 configured to determine the d2d resource configuration is configured to determine the d2d resource configuration directly according to d2d resource configuration information included in a discovery message in the detected d2d discovery signal or a communication message in the detected d2d communication signal . in a further aspect , instead of determining the d2d resource configuration in the two approaches above , the second determining module 72 configured to determine the d2d resource configuration is configured to determine a physical resource for d2d transmission according to the information carried in the synchronization signal , and to determine the d2d resource configuration according to the physical resource . where the information carried in the synchronization signal includes at least one of : a sequence identifier for generating a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal , a sequence type for the synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the synchronization sequence , tdd uplink - downlink configuration information carried in the synchronization signal , system bandwidth information carried in the synchronization signal . moreover the information carried in the d2d discovery signal is carried in a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal and / or a discovery message in the d2d discovery signal ; and the information carried in the d2d communication signal is carried in a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal and / or a communication message in the d2d communication signal . moreover the information carried in the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence includes at least one of : a sequence identifier for generating the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , a sequence type for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , and other information . where the information carried in the discovery message or the communication message includes at least one of : a d2d id of a ue , a cell id of a cell where the ue is located , a cluster id of a cluster where the ue is located , a d2d application id . d2d resource configuration indication information , a sequence identifier for generating a dmrs sequence of the discovery message or the communication message ; where the d2d resource configuration indication information includes at least one of : d2d discovery resource configuration indication information . d2d communication resource configuration indication information . moreover the transmitting module 73 configured to send or the receive the d2d signal at the resource position is configured : to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal at the resource position ; or to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the d2d discovery signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal ; or to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the d2d communication signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal ; or to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the d2d discovery signal and / or the information carried in the d2d communication signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal ; or to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal and the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal or the d2d discovery signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal ; or to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal and the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal or the d2d communication signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal . moreover the second determining module 72 configured to determine the d2d resource configuration is configured to determine a d2d resource configuration of a ue sending the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal , according to information carried in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal ; or to determine a global d2d resource configuration according to information carried in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal . moreover the d2d resource configuration includes at least one of : a physical resource configuration , a physical resource unit , the number of transmissions in a periodicity , the probability at which the d2d signal is sent , information about a sequence used by the d2d signal , scrambling information for the d2d signal , the length of a cp of the d2d signal . in summary , with the technical solutions above according to the invention , the d2d resource configuration is determined according to the information carried in the detected synchronization signal or d2d signal , and the synchronization reference is determined according to the synchronization signal or the d2d signal , to detect d2d signals , so that the ue can obtain from the synchronization signal or the d2d signal the timing and resource information required for reception of the d2d signals of different cells or clusters to thereby discover the ue served by the respective cell or cluster ; a ue in some cluster can also know the d2d resource for the cluster from the synchronization signal without any additional signaling overhead ; and the separate physical resources can be applied to the respective clusters without mutual interference between the resources to thereby improve the efficiency and quality of transmission . the underlying principle of the invention has been described above in connection with the particular embodiments thereof , but it shall be noted that those ordinarily skilled in the art can appreciate that all or any of the operations or the components in the method and the apparatus according to the invention can be embodied in hardware , firmware , software , or their combination in any computing device ( including a processor , a storage medium , etc .) or network of computing devices as can occur to those ordinarily skilled in the art upon reading the disclosure of the invention while employing their general programming skills . accordingly the object of the invention can also be attained by a program or a set of programs operating on any computing device , which can be a well - known general - purpose device . thus the object of the invention can also be attained by only providing a program product including program codes in which the method or the apparatus is embodied . that is , such a program product also constitutes the invention , and a storage medium in which such a program product is stored also constitutes the invention . apparently the storage medium can be any well - known storage medium or any storage medium to be developed later . another embodiment of the invention further provides a storage medium ( the storage medium can be an rom , an ram , a hard disk , a removable memory , etc .) in which a computer program for transmitting a d2d signal is built , where the computer program includes code segments configured to perform the operations of : detecting a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal , and determining a synchronization reference for sending or receiving other d2d signal according to the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal ; determining a d2d resource configuration according to information carried in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal ; and determining a resource position for d2d signal transmission , according to the determined synchronization reference for sending or receiving the other d2d signal , and the determined d2d resource configuration , and sending or receiving the other d2d signal at the resource position . another embodiment of the invention further provides a computer program including code segments configured to send a d2d signal in the operations of : detecting a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal , and determining a synchronization reference for sending or receiving other d2d signal according to the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal ; determining a d2d resource configuration according to information carried in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal ; and determining a resource position for d2d signal transmission , according to the determined synchronization reference for sending or receiving the other d2d signal , and the determined d2d resource configuration , and sending or receiving the other d2d signal at the resource position . if the embodiments of the invention are embodied in software and / or firmware , a program constituting the software can be installed from a storage medium or a network to a machine with a dedicated hardware structure ( e . g ., a general - purpose computer 800 illustrated in fig8 ) which can perform various functions when various pieces of programs are installed thereon . in fig8 , a central processing unit ( cpu ) 801 performs various processes according to program stored in a read only memory ( rom ) 802 or loaded from a storage portion 808 into a random access memory ( ram ) 803 in which data required when the cpu 801 performs the various processes is also stored as needed . the cpu 801 , the rom 802 , and the ram 803 are connected to each other via a bus 804 to which an input / output interface 805 is also connected . the following components are connected to the input / output interface 805 : an input portion 806 ( including a keyboard , a mouse , etc . ), an output portion 807 ( including a display , e . g ., a cathode ray tube ( crt ), a liquid crystal display ( lcd ), etc ., a speaker , etc . ), a storage port 808 ( including a hard disk , etc . ), and a communication portion 809 ( including a network interface card , e . g ., an lan card , an modem , etc ), the communication portion 809 performs a communication process over a network , e . g ., the internet . a driver 810 is also connected to the input / output interface 805 as needed . a removable medium 811 , e . g ., a magnetic disk , an optical disk , an optic - magnetic disk , a semiconductor memory , etc ., can be installed on the driver 810 as needed so that computer program fetched therefrom can be installed into the storage portion 808 as needed . in the case that the foregoing series of processes are performed in software , program constituting the software can be installed from a network , e . g ., the internet , etc ., or a storage medium , e . g ., the removable medium 811 , etc . those skilled in the art shall appreciate that such a storage medium will not be limited to the removable medium 811 illustrated in fig8 in which the program is stored and which is distributed separately from the apparatus to provide a user with the program . examples of the removable medium 811 include a magnetic disk ( including a floppy disk ( a registered trademark )), an optical disk ( including compact disk - read only memory ( cd - rom ) and a digital versatile disk ( dvd )), an optic - magnetic disk ( including a mini disk ( md ) ( a registered trademark )) and a semiconductor memory . alternatively the storage medium can be the rom 802 , a hard disk included in the storage port 808 , etc ., in which the program is stored and which is distributed together with the apparatus including the same to the user . the structure of and processing by the transmitting apparatus according to the embodiment of the invention will be described below in connection with a preferred hardware structure thereof . as illustrated in fig9 , the apparatus includes a processor 900 configured to read program stored in a memory 920 , and to perform the processes of : detecting a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal , and determining a synchronization reference for sending or receiving other d2d signal according to the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal ; determining a d2d resource configuration according to information carried in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal ; and determining a resource position for d2d signal transmission , according to the determined synchronization reference for sending or receiving the other d2d signal , and the determined d2d resource configuration , and sending or receiving the other d2d signal at the resource position through a transceiver 910 ; and the transceiver 910 is configured to be controlled by the processor 900 to send and receive data . here in fig9 , the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges which are particularly configured to link various circuits together including one or more processor represented by the processor 900 , and a memory represented by a memory 920 . the bus architecture can further link various other circuits together , e . g ., peripheral devices , a voltage regulator , a power management circuit , etc ., all of which are well known in the art , so a repeated description thereof will be omitted in this context . the bus interface provides an interface . the transceiver 910 can include a plurality of elements including a transmitter and a receiver configured to provide elements communicating with other various apparatuses over a transmission medium . the processor 900 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and typical processes , and the memory 920 can store data used by the processor 900 in performing operations , moreover when determining the synchronization reference , the processor 900 is configured to determine the synchronization reference for sending or receiving the other d2d signal by at least one of : obtaining a sub - frame start position according to a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal , or a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal ; obtaining a frequency offset estimation according to a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal , or a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal ; obtaining a sub - frame number and / or a radio frame number according to information carried in a discovery message in the d2d discovery signal , or a communication message in the d2d communication signal ; obtaining a sub - frame start position and a sub - frame number according to a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal ; obtaining a frequency offset estimation according to a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal ; obtaining a radio frame number according to information carried over a synchronization channel in the synchronization signal . in an aspect , the processor 900 configured to determine the d2d resource configuration is configured to determine the d2d resource configuration according to the information carried in the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal , and a pre - obtained correspondence relationship between the information and the d2d resource configuration . where the information carried in the synchronization signal includes at least one of : a sequence identifier for generating a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal , a sequence type for the synchronization sequence , acyclic shift for the synchronization sequence , tdd uplink - downlink configuration information carried in the synchronization signal , system bandwidth information carried in the synchronization signal . moreover the information carried in the d2d discovery signal is carried in a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal and / or a discovery message in the d2d discovery signal ; and the information carried in the d2d communication signal is carried in a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal and / or a communication message in the d2d communication signal . moreover the information carried in the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence includes at least one of a sequence identifier for generating the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , a sequence type for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , and other information , where the information carried in the discovery message or the communication message includes at least one of : a d2d id of a ue , a cell id of a cell where the ue is located , a cluster id of a cluster where the ue is located , a d2d application id , d2d resource configuration indication information , a sequence identifier for generating a dmrs sequence of the discovery message or the communication message ; where the d2d resource configuration indication information includes at least one of : d2d discovery resource configuration indication information , d2d communication resource configuration indication information . moreover the correspondence relationship is pre - obtained from a base station or a cluster head ue , or obtained through a predefined apparatus . moreover if the correspondence relationship is pre - obtained from the base station or the cluster head ue , then the correspondence relationship includes at least one of : a correspondence relationship between the information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of the present cell , and the d2d resource configuration ; a correspondence relationship between information carded in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of other cell , and the d2d resource configuration ; a correspondence relationship between the information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of the present cluster head , and the d2d resource configuration ; a correspondence relationship between information carried in a synchronization signal and / or a d2d signal of other cluster head , and the d2d resource configuration . in another aspect , instead of determining the d2d resource configuration according to the correspondence relationship , the processor 900 configured to determine the d2d resource configuration is configured to determine the d2d resource configuration directly according to d2d resource configuration information included in the detected d2d . where the d2d signal includes a d2d discovery signal and / or a d2d communication signal , and the processor 900 configured to determine the d2d resource configuration is configured to determine the d2d resource configuration directly according to d2d resource configuration information included in a discovery message in the detected d2d discovery signal or a communication message in the detected d2d communication signal . in a further aspect , instead of determining the d2d resource configuration in the two approaches above , the processor 900 configured to determine the d2d resource configuration is configured to determine a physical resource for d2d transmission according to the information carried in the synchronization signal , and to determine the d2d resource configuration according to the physical resource . where the information carried in the synchronization signal includes at least one of : a sequence identifier for generating a synchronization sequence in the synchronization signal , a sequence type for the synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the synchronization sequence , tdd uplink - downlink configuration information carried in the synchronization signal , system bandwidth information carried in the synchronization signal . moreover the information carried in the d2d discovery signal is carried in a discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal and / or a discovery message in the d2d discovery signal : and the information carried in the d2d communication signal is carried in a communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal and / or a communication message in the d2d communication signal . moreover the information carried in the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence includes at least one of : a sequence identifier for generating the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , a sequence type for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , a cyclic shift for the discovery sequence or the communication synchronization sequence , and other information . where the information carried in the discovery message or the communication message includes at least one of : a d2d id of a ue , a cell id of a cell where the ue is located , a cluster id of a cluster where the ue is located , a d2d application id , d2d resource configuration indication information , a sequence identifier for generating a dmrs sequence of the discovery message or the communication message where the d2d resource configuration indication information includes at least one of : d2d discovery resource configuration indication information . d2d communication resource configuration indication information . moreover the processor 900 configured to send or the receive the d2d signal at the resource position through the transceiver 910 is configured : to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal at the resource position through the transceiver 910 ; or to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the d2d discovery signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal through the transceiver 910 ; or to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the d2d communication signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal through the transceiver 910 ; or to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the d2d discovery signal and / or the information carried in the d2d communication signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal through the transceiver 910 ; or to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the discovery sequence in the d2d discovery signal and the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal or the d2d discovery signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal through the transceiver 910 ; or to determine the resource position for sending and / or receiving the d2d signal , according to the synchronization reference determined based upon the communication synchronization sequence in the d2d communication signal and the synchronization signal , and the d2d resource configuration determined according to the information carried in the synchronization signal or the d2d communication signal , and to send or receive the d2d signal through the transceiver 910 . moreover the processor 900 configured to determine the d2d resource configuration is configured to determine a d2d resource configuration of a ue sending the synchronization signal and / or the d2d signal , according to information carried in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal ; or to determine a global d2d resource configuration according to information carried in the detected synchronization signal and / or d2d signal . moreover the d2d resource configuration includes at least one of : a physical resource configuration , a physical resource unit , the number of transmissions in a periodicity , the probability at which the d2d signal is sent , information about a sequence used by the d2d signal , scrambling information for the d2d signal , the length of a cp of the d2d signal . it shall be further noted that apparently , the respective components or the respective operations in the apparatus or the transmitting method according to the invention can be decomposed and / or recombined . these decompositions and / or recombinations shall be regarded as equivalent solutions to the invention . moreover the operations in which the series of processes are performed can naturally be performed sequentially in the described order , but may not necessarily be performed sequentially in order . some of the operations may be performed concurrently or separately from each other . although the invention and the advantages thereof have been described in details , it shall be appreciated that various modifications , substitutions and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims . moreover the terms “ include ”, “ comprise ”, and any other variants thereof in the invention are intended to encompass non - excluding inclusion so that a process , a method , an article or a device including a series of elements include both those elements and other elements which have not been listed explicitly or elements inherent to the process , the method , the article or the device . unless further defined , an element ( s ) defined in a sentence “ including a / an . . . . . . ” will not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process , a method , an article or a device including the element ( s ).