fig3 and 4 shows a swirl chamber type diesel engine according to a first embodiment of the the present invention . in this arrangement the piston 100 is formed with a shaped flame dispersing cavity in the crown thereof . the cavity is defined between two opposed shaped walls 101 and 102 and is relatively shallow as compared with the prior art arrangement shown in fig1 and 2 . the depth of this dispersion recess is limited to reduce the loss in compression ratio . portions of the first wall 101 which flank a first flame dispersion zone where the flame from a transfer passage 106 which leads from a swirl chamber 107 to the main combustion chamber , are arranged to define two essentially inwardly directed nose - like guide portions or fingers 101a and 101b . in this embodiment the fingers are relatively blunt . a wall portion 101c which extends between the two guide portions is arranged to have a curvature which approximately parallels the periphery of the piston 100 . as will be noted the first flame dispersing zone has an essentially bay - like configuration . curved wall portions 101d , 101e of the first wall and 102a and 102b of the second wall are arranged to define therebetween second and third essentially circular and mirror image dispersion zones . as shown in fig3 the instant embodiment the wall portions 102a and 102b are arranged such that the extrapolations thereof pass inboard of the extrapolation of wall portions 101e and 101d . viz ., as illustrated in the lower half of this figure , the extrapolation 102b &# 39 ; of wall portion 102b passes inboard of the extrapolation 101e &# 39 ; of the wall portion 101e . further , the inwardly extending extrapolations 101e &# 39 ; and 101d &# 39 ; of the wall portions 101e and 101d are such as to intersect essentially mid portions of a single islandlike deflection portion 108 which is located amid the the first , second and third flame dispersion zones . this island 108 , as it will be referred to hereinafter , is arranged to project up from the floor of the cavity at a site which located in the mouth of the bay - like first flame dispersing zone and located on a line a which extends diametrically across the piston crown and with respect to which the second and third flame dispersing zones are symmetrically arranged . the transfer passage 106 is oriented so that this deflection portion 108 is arranged in the path of the flame which is ejected therefrom during the initial stage of the expansion phase while the piston 100 is still relatively close to its tdc position . the upstream face of the deflection portion or island 108 , is arranged to have angled sides which face into the flame and which are designed to induce a first splitting or division of the same . these two sides define a first angle . a second flame splitting of deflecting portion is defined by a v - shaped nose portion 102c which forms part of the second wall 102 and which projects into the cavity in a manner which tends to separate the second and third circular dispersion zones . the sides of the nose are arranged to define a second angle . in this instance the first angle is larger than the second one . it will be noted that the second and third zones of the cavity are open and extend to the very perimeter of the piston crown in the illustrated manner . for disclosure relating generally to this type of cavity , reference may be had to u . s . pat . no . 4 , 662 , 330 issued on may 5 , 1987 in the same of giichi shiyoyama et al . the operation of the above described arrangement is such that while the piston is close to tdc , the major portion of the flame which passes through the transfer portion 106 during the expansion phase of the engine , flows toward and impinges on the island 108 as shown by the flow lines &# 34 ; a &# 34 ;. this induces a first splitting of the flame and causes the divided parts to encounter portions of the flame which have spread almost laterally outward from the transfer port and which are flowing along flow lines &# 34 ; b &# 34 ;. portions of the flame which tend to flow back away from the island 108 as indicated by flow lines &# 34 ; e &# 34 ; are deflected by the wall portion 101c in a manner wherein they tend to curl back and blend with the flows &# 34 ; a &# 34 ; and &# 34 ; b &# 34 ;. the blended flows are subject to deflection by the guide fingers 101a and 101b in a manner they pass through the openings defined between the island 108 and the fingers and assume a flow indicated by flow lines &# 34 ; c &# 34 ;. this blending process tends to engulf most of the air which is present in the first flame dispersion zone and thus promote desirable combustion characteristics during the initial stage of the expansion phase . as the piston 100 descends , the location where the flame from the transfer port 106 impinges on the piston crown travels from a site upstream of the island 108 , over the top of the same into the region defined between the island 108 and the nose 102c . thus , upon a given amount of decent of the piston 100 , the flame passes over the top of the island 108 and is subject to a second division or splitting by the nose 102c . this splitting produces swirling flows which blend into the flows established by the first splitting and result in the formation of contra - rotating swirling flows indicated by the flow lines &# 34 ; d &# 34 ;. in this embodiment the curvature of the swirl which is induced by the deflection of wall portions 102a and 102b tend to be tighter than that induced by the deflection by wall portions 101e and 101d . this dual stage splitting of the flame tends to produce an extensive and well developed plume of the nature generally inducted by the broken line and which results a considerable amount of the air which is resident in the main combustion chamber at this time , being engulfed by the flame . this results in the fraction of the fuel which is permitted to escape into the main combustion chamber prior the beginning of the expansion phase being entrained in the burning gases which constitute the flame which is ejected from the transfer port 106 in a manner which promotes efficient combustion . this reduces hc emissions during low load operation and reduces smoke formation under high loads . fig5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention . in this embodiment the guide portions or fingers 101a &# 34 ; and 101b &# 34 ; are longer and sharper in configuration as compared with those of the first embodiment . the extrapolations of the walls 101e and 101d are such as to miss the island 108 and intersect with one another proximate the center of the piston crown . on the other hand , the curvature of the wall portions 102a and 102b are such as to tend to merge with the extrapolations of the wall portions 101e and 101d respectively . the deflection of flows &# 34 ; c &# 34 ; therefore tends to be more toward the center of the piston crown than in the case of the first embodiment while the curvature of the flows &# 34 ; d &# 34 ; tends to be tightened by the elongated guide fingers 101a &# 34 ; and 101b &# 34 ;. this tends to improve the characteristics of the swirls which are generated and efficiency with which the remnant air in the main combustion chamber is utilized . fig6 and 7 show the construction which characterizes a third embodiment of the present invention . in this arrangement the nose portion 102c &# 39 ; is arranged to be higher than the remainder of the piston crown . the lower face of the cylinder head is recessed in a manner to receive the elevated nose portion when the piston reaches tdc . with this construction , the height of the wall against which the flame impinges and is split into two flows is increased . this results in the efficiency with which the flame is split into two flows is increased and tendency for the flame to ride up over the same , reduced . this feature both improves the swirl formation and improves high load operation wherein the velocity of the flame and the tendency for the flame to flow over the nose , are higher than in the case of low - medium load operation . by recessing the cylinder head in a manner to admit the upwardly projecting nose portion , any loss in compression ratio is offset . fig8 and 9 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention . in this embodiment the depth of the flame dispersing cavity increases from the first wall 101 toward the second wall 102 . in this arrangement in order to prevent loss of compression ratio , the depth of the cavity at the first wall end is less than in the case of the first embodiment which exhibits a uniform depth , and increase to a maximum depth at the second wall . this increases the height of the wall defined at the nose 102c and thus provides advantages similar to those derived with the arrangement shown in fig6 and 7 . in this particular embodiment , the extrapolations of the wall portions 102a , 102b , 101e , and 101d are such that the guide or finger portions 101a and 101b are blunt and the curvature of the first wall portions 101e and 101d such that the inwardly extending extrapolations intersect the island 108 while the outwardly extending ones tend to merge with those from the wall portions 102a and 102b . it will of course be understood that the first and second wall portions 101 , 102 could be arranged such that the first wall portion is constructed in the manner as shown in fig5 while the second wall portion be arranged in the manner shown in fig3 without deviating from the scope of the present invention . fig1 and 11 show a fifth embodiment of the present invention . in this arrangement concave dished recesses 501 are formed in the second and third flame dispersing zones . these recesses 501 are such as to increase the strength which which the swirling of the gases in the second and third dispersion zones takes place and thus improves the efficiency with which the air remnant in the combustion chamber can be used . viz ., the gradually increasing depth of the recesses 501 is such as to tend to tighten the curvature of the swirling patterns which are established following the second flame splitting on the nose 102c and thus improve the mechanism with which the flame mixes with the remaining air . the depth of the flame dispersing cavity is other than the sites of the recesses 510 , uniform . in this embodiment the configuration of the first and second walls 101 , 102 is such that the curvatures are essentially the same as that shown in fig8 . however , here again it not outside of the scope of the present invention to modify the same in a manner which combines one or more of the features of the first and second embodiments with the recesses and / or tapered type dispersing cavity .