carrier detection applicable for siso , mimo , miso , and simo communications . a novel approach is presented to perform carrier detection for a signal found in any of a wide variety of communication systems including single - input - multiple - output , multiple - input - multiple - output , multiple - input - single - output single - input - multiple - output , communication systems . this novel approach to performing carrier detection is more robust than those approaches existent in the art . by employing normalization with respect to power in determined a modified correlation function , there is less susceptibility to false detects . also , this approach is quite robust to any circuitry dc offsets that may undesirably exist within a communication device that undergoes operational changes due to a variety of factors including environmental perturbations and / or changes in processing circuitry within the communication device .