methods and formulations are provided to reduce pigmentation in skin , using an array of compounds selected from benzimidazoles , phenylthioureas , phenyltiols , phenylamines , bi - and multicyclic phenols , thiopheneamines , and benzothiamides . the compounds preferably inhibit pigment systhesis in melanocytes through the tyrosinase pathway . the methods can be used for lightening skin , and for treating uneven skin complexions which result from hyperpigmentation - related medical conditions such as melasma , age spots , freckles , ochronosis , and lentigo . the compounds can be used medically or cosmetically .