an arrangement for use with a device that determines subjective refraction and / or performs other visual functions , comprises at least one light source , at least one light modulator for modulating the light source to produce modulated light , a driving unit for controlling said modulator to modulate the light source in accordance with video information corresponding to a video image , a two - dimensional deflector for deflecting the modulated light to produce a two - dimensional image , an optical transmitter for optically transmitting the light of the light source , and an optical projector for optically projecting the two - dimensional image onto a retina of an eye to be examined .