the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting data in a wireless communication system . the method for transmitting data involves allocating a first node set containing a plurality of nodes for the transmission of downlink signals and a second node set containing a plurality of nodes for the reception of uplink signals , and communicating with a terminal through the first node set and the second node set . in the event the uplink transmission and downlink transmission are performed by base stations or nodes that are different from each other , the operation of the base stations and of a terminal can be efficiently controlled .