a dc to dc converter includes a comparator , a driver , and a pair of switches . the comparator compares the output voltage with a reference voltage signal and generates a pwm signal . the driver drives the switches so as to force the output voltage to follow the reference signal . in a multiphase architecture , two or more such converter circuits are incorporated to minimize the output voltage ripple and further reduce the recovery time . in a two - phase architecture , two reference signals are phase - shifted by 180 degrees . in an n - phase architecture , the reference signals are phase - shifted by 360 / n degrees .