a process for the reduction of the nitrate and nicotine contents of tobacco by microbial treatment is disclosed wherein tobacco materials are subjected , under controlled conditions , to the action of a microorganism effective to degrade nitrates and alkaloids through a biochemical reaction . the microorganism is combined or grown in the presence of a nitrate containing compound in relatively small quantities . tobacco treated in accordance with this process has a reduced nitrate and nicotine content , and when incorporated into a tobacco smoking product thereby produces a mild smoke , having reduced nitrogen oxides , hydrogen cyanide and nicotine content . however , there is no loss of desirable flavor , taste and smoking properties .