an apparatus comprising a processor configured to compose a plurality of protocol stacks , and dereference a layered uri using at least one of the plurality of protocol stacks . also , a computer program product comprising computer executable instructions stored on a non - transitory medium that when executed by a processor cause the processor to perform the following receive a layered uri , and call a uri dereference extension , wherein the dereference extension is configured to construct a protocol stack , wherein the protocol stack comprises a first connector , a second connector , and a binder , and wherein the first and second connectors are selected from a plurality of connectors based on the uri .