a composite material for a lithium ion battery anode and a method of producing the same is disclosed , wherein the composite material comprises a porous electrode composite material . pores with carbon - based material forming at the pore wall are created in situ . the porous electrode composite material provide space to accommodate volumetric changes during battery charging and discharging while the carbon - based material improved the conductivity of the electrode composite material . the method creates pores to have a denser carbon content inside the pores and a wider mouth of the pores to enhance lithium ion distribution .