German/Lesson 12

Lektion 12 
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= Fragewörter =
Fragewörter meaning Questions or Question words, are the ways to determine certain outcomes, which can be as simple as Wie ist dein Name bitte? (What is your name please?), to some complex ones like Kaufte die Frau einen Koffer? (Did the lady buy any suitcase?)
Questions Words.
There are in total 15 major types of Question Words, or Fragewörter, which are used. These are as follows:
 S No. Question Word (German) Related To (What is this Q about) Example
 1. wer Subjekt Person (Subject Person) Maria / Peter
 2. was Subjekt Sache (Subject Thing) Kreide (die)
 3. was Beruf (Profession / Occupation) Arzt
 4. was +(Ploos) machen Prädikat (Predicative) spielt Tennis
 5. wie Adjektiv (Adjective) interessant / schön
 6. wie viele Zahl / Nummer (Numbers) sechs (zecs) (6) Fenster
 7. wie viel Betrag (Amount) kostet
 8. wie lange Zeitdauer (Time / Duration) neunzig / 90 Minuten
 9. wie alt Alter (Age - How Old Are You?) 2 Monate alt
 10. wie weit Entfernung (Distance - How far?) 2 Kilometer weit
 11. wie oft* Häufigkeit (Frequency - How often?) zweimal
 12. wann* Zeit (Time - When?) im Winter
 13. a. woher Ort (Kommen - Coming from / Where from?) von zu Haus / aus Berlin
 b. wohin Ort (Gehen / Fahren / Fliegen - Going to?) nach Haus / zum Bahnhof
 c. wo Ort (Sein / sich befinden / wohnen zu Haus
 14. wen Objekt Person (Object Person) die Dame
 15. was Objekt Sache (Object Thing) das Buch
Q.W. Meaning.
 1. wer who
 2. was what (for non living things, detailing)
 3. was what (for profession or occupation)
 4. was +(Ploos) machen what + does (activity, work or play etc.)
 5. wie how (can be count as well, depending on the time frame)
 6. wie viele how many (numbers or count)
 7. wie viel how much (price)
 8. wie lange how long (duration)
 9. wie alt how old (age)
 10. wie weit how far (distance)
 11. wie oft* how often (time gap in between two events, or the same event happening more than once)
 12. wann* when has, have, does (certain time period, or specific time period)
 13. a. woher from where, where from (source of travel)
 b. wohin to where, where to (destination of travel)
 c. wo where (final reach point or final destination)
 14. wen whom (end person, or the other person)
 15. was what (for movement of non living or living things)
Rules.
In Q.W. (Question Word) the first rule is that:
To change the English sentence "The boy plays football." into a question, we insert the auxiliary verb "does" before "boy", change "plays" to the infinitive form "play" and place a question mark at the end: "Does the boy play football?"
The process is very similar in German. However, we don't need an auxiliary verb in German; thus, we just switch the whole verb with the subject, ending up with: 
In German, there are two basic ways of forming a question. The first is the method described above. In addition to this, you can use a question word (an interrogative adverb); for example, "how" — "wie" as in "How are you?" — "Wie geht's?"
Other question words are summarized in the following table.
The question "Wie heißt ...?" literally translates to "How is ... called?" meaning "What is ... called?". This is why the German question does not contain "what" — "was". 
A question word comes first in a sentence; thus, the word order is: question word — verb — subject — object(s). For example:
Note that in German, the verb almost always comes second in the sentence, except in the case of a question as described above. The subject is almost always next to the verb, if not in front of it then following it. For example:
Questions.
We will go backwards, so as to understand the Questions, and their implication properly.
 Q 01. Wer ist Lehrerin? (Who is the Teacher?)
 Q 02. Was ist weiß? (What is white?)
 Q 03. Was ist Peter? (What is Peter?)
 Q 04. Was macht Boris Becker? (What does Boris Becker do?)
 Q 05. Wie ist das Buch? (How is the book?)
 Q 06. Wie viele Fenster hat das Haus? (How many windows does the house have?)
 Q 07. Wie viel kostet der Stuhl? (How much does the stool / chair cost?)
 Q 08. Wie lange dauert der Unterricht? (How long is the class? / What is the duration of the class?)
 Q 09. Wie alt ist die Katze? (How old is the cat?)
 Q 10. Wie weit ist die Universität vom Haus? (How far is the University from the house? / What is distance of the University from the&lt;br&gt;house?)
 Q 11. Wie oft kommen Sie/ihr hierher in der Woche? (How often do you come here in a week?
 Q 12. Wann hat Indien viele Feste? (When does India have many festivals?)
 Wohin To where / Where to
 Woher Where from / From where
 Wo Where
 Q 13. a. Woher kommen Sie? (Where are you coming from?)
 Woher kommst du? (Where do you come from?)
 Q 13. b. Wohin gehen Sie? (Where to?)
 Wohin gehst du? (Where to?)
 Q 13. c. Wo wohnen Sie? (Where do you live?)
 Q 14. Wen besucht er? (Whom does he visit?)
 Q 15. Was legen sie hin/beiseite? (What do you put (down/aside)?)
Vokabeln.
 ist Is
 Maria Female first name
 Peter Male first name
 Lehrerin Female Teacher
 die Kreide Chalk
 weiß Color White
 Beruf Profession or Occupation
 Arzt Doctor
 spielen To play (Verb)
 spielt Tennis Plays Tennis
 macht (machen) To do (Verb)
 interessant Interesting
 das Buch The Book
 Zahl or Nummer Numbers (Like, 0-9, etc)
 Betrag Amount (Monetary Term)
 kostet Cost(s)
 Zeit Time
 dauern To continue
 Alter Age
 Monate Months
 Entfernung Distance
 Häufigkeit Frequence
 zweimal Number 2
 Ort Place or Position
 Sache Thing
 Dame Lady
 Alles Everything
 andere Else
 Artikel Article
 Katze Cat
 Unterricht Class
 Stuhl Stool or Chair
 Fenster Window
 sechs Six (6)
 Universität University
 Haus House
 Woche Week
 Fest Festival
 Indien India
 viele Many
 kommen Coming from
 gehen Going to
 fahren Driving to
 fliegen Flying to
 besuchen To visit
 legen Put down or Put aside
Exercise / Übung.
Here are a few examples for better understanding the stated methodology and to get a better grip on the daily conversation: