 <blockquote> <p>How is a getting incremented?</p> </blockquote> <p><code>a</code> is increased by the <code>a++</code> in <code>while(a++&lt;=2);</code>.</p> <p><code>a++</code> will return the value of <code>a</code> and add one to it, so when <code>a</code> is 3, <code>a++&lt;=2</code> will be false, but <code>a</code> still get added by one.</p>