Kotlin collections throw ClassNotFoundException on Android <p>Using any of the lines below throws a ClassNotFoundException when app is run on Android.</p> <pre><code>val list = listOf("a", "b") val arrayList = arrayListOf("a", "b") val map = mapOf("key" to "value") </code></pre> <p>The exception:</p> <pre><code>04-28 15:12:00.770 27326-27326/com.example.kotlin E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main Process: com.example.kotlin, PID: 27326 java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Lkotlin/collections/CollectionsKt; at com.example.kotlin.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.kt:17) at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6237) at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1107) at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2369) at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2476) at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(ActivityThread.java) at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1344) at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148) at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "kotlin.collections.CollectionsKt" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/data/app/com.example.kotlin-1/base.apk"],nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/app/com.example.kotlin-1/lib/x86, /vendor/lib, /system/lib]] at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:56) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:511) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:469) at com.example.kotlin.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.kt:17) at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6237) at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1107) at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2369) at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2476) at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(ActivityThread.java) at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1344) at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148) at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616) Suppressed: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: kotlin.collections.CollectionsKt at java.lang.Class.classForName(Native Method) at java.lang.BootClassLoader.findClass(ClassLoader.java:781) at java.lang.BootClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:841) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:504) ... 14 more Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Class not found using the boot class loader; no stack trace available </code></pre> <p>The following is my app module gradle file:</p> <pre><code>apply plugin: 'com.android.application' apply plugin: 'kotlin-android' apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions' android { compileSdkVersion 23 buildToolsVersion "24.0.0 rc3" defaultConfig { applicationId "com.example.kotlin" minSdkVersion 16 targetSdkVersion 23 versionCode 1 versionName "1.0" } buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled false proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro' } } dataBinding { enabled = true } sourceSets { main.java.srcDirs += 'src/main/kotlin' } } dependencies { compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar']) testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12' compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.3.0' compile 'com.android.support:gridlayout-v7:23.3.0' compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:23.3.0' kapt 'com.android.databinding:compiler:2.1.0-beta3' } buildscript { ext.kotlin_version = '1.0.1-2' repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version" } } repositories { mavenCentral() } kapt { generateStubs = true } </code></pre> <p>Is there any other dependency I need to add to gradle in order to use any of the Kotlin collection classes?</p>