/*
 * Problem C. Recycled Numbers
 * 
 * Do you ever become frustrated with television because you keep seeing the
 * same things, recycled over and over again? Well I personally don't care about
 * television, but I do sometimes feel that way about numbers.
 * 
 * Let's say a pair of distinct positive integers (n, m) is recycled if you can
 * obtain m by moving some digits from the back of n to the front without
 * changing their order. For example, (12345, 34512) is a recycled pair since
 * you can obtain 34512 by moving 345 from the end of 12345 to the front. Note
 * that n and m must have the same number of digits in order to be a recycled
 * pair. Neither n nor m can have leading zeros.
 * 
 * Given integers A and B with the same number of digits and no leading zeros,
 * how many distinct recycled pairs (n, m) are there with A â¤ n < m â¤ B?
 * 
 * Input
 * 
 * The first line of the input gives the number of test cases, T. T test cases
 * follow. Each test case consists of a single line containing the integers A
 * and B.
 * 
 * Output
 * 
 * For each test case, output one line containing "Case #x: y", where x is the
 * case number (starting from 1), and y is the number of recycled pairs (n, m)
 * with A â¤ n < m â¤ B.
 * 
 * Limits
 * 
 * 1 â¤ T â¤ 50.
 * 
 * A and B have the same number of digits.

Small dataset

1 â¤ A â¤ B â¤ 1000.

Large dataset

1 â¤ A â¤ B â¤ 2000000.

Sample


Input 
 	
Output 
 
4
1 9
10 40
100 500
1111 2222
Case #1: 0
Case #2: 3
Case #3: 156
Case #4: 287
 */

package google.codejam.y2012.qualifications;

import google.codejam.commons.Utils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

/**
 * @author Marco Lackovic <marco.lackovic@gmail.com>
 * @version 1.0, Apr 14, 2012
 */
public class RecycledNumbers {

	private static final String INPUT_FILE_NAME = "C-large.in";
	private static final String OUTPUT_FILE_NAME = "C-large.out";

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		String[] input = Utils.readFromFile(INPUT_FILE_NAME);
		String[] output = new String[input.length];
		int x = 0;
		for (String line : input) {
			StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(line);
			int a = Integer.valueOf(st.nextToken());
			int b = Integer.valueOf(st.nextToken());
			System.out.println("Computing case #" + (x + 1));
			output[x++] = "Case #" + x + ": " + recycledNumbers(a, b);
		}
		Utils.writeToFile(output, OUTPUT_FILE_NAME);
	}

	private static int recycledNumbers(int a, int b) {
		int count = 0;
		for (int n = a; n < b; n++) {
			count += getNumGreaterRotations(n, b);
		}
		return count;
	}

	private static int getNumGreaterRotations(int n, int b) {
		int count = 0;
		char[] chars = Integer.toString(n).toCharArray();
		for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
			chars = rotateRight(chars);
			if (chars[0] != '0') {
				int m = Integer.valueOf(new String(chars));
				if (n == m) {
					break;
				} else if (n < m && m <= b) {
					count++;
				}
			}
		}
		return count;
	}

	private static char[] rotateRight(char[] chars) {
		char last = chars[chars.length - 1];
		for (int i = chars.length - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
			chars[i + 1] = chars[i];
		}
		chars[0] = last;
		return chars;
	}

}

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


public class Recycled {

	private static final String fileInName = "file.in";
	private static final String fileOutname = "file.out";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{

		System.out.println("Init");
		
		FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(fileOutname);
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(fileInName));
		
		int numCases = Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
		System.out.println("Num cases: " + numCases);
		
		for(int numCase = 1; numCase <= numCases; numCase++){
			
			String[] caseData = br.readLine().split(" ");
			
			int numA = Integer.parseInt(caseData[0]);
			int numB = Integer.parseInt(caseData[1]);
			
			Map<String, List<String>> prevCalcs = new HashMap<String, List<String>>();
			
			System.out.println("\tA: " + numA +"  B: " + numB);
			
			int numRec = 0;	//Result
			
			for(int i = numA; i < numB; i++){
				
				String nS = String.valueOf(i);
				
				String mS = null;
				
				for( int j = 1; j < nS.length(); j++){
					
					mS = generateRecycled(nS, j);
					
					if(isValid(nS, mS, numB, prevCalcs)){
						numRec++;
						System.out.println("\t\tRecycled: (" + nS +", " +mS +")");
						addToPrevCalcs(nS, mS, prevCalcs);
					}
					
				}
				
			}
			
			System.out.println("\tRes: " + numRec);
			
			fw.write("Case #" + numCase +": " + numRec +"\n");
			
		}
		
		fw.close();
		br.close();
		
	}
	
	private static String generateRecycled(String n, int numToMove){
		
		return n.substring(n.length() - numToMove, n.length()) + n.substring(0, n.length() - numToMove);
		
	}
	
	private static boolean isValid(String nS, String mS, int numB, Map<String, List<String>> map){
		return !mS.startsWith("0") && Integer.parseInt(nS) < Integer.parseInt(mS) 
				&& numB >= Integer.parseInt(mS) && (!map.containsKey(nS) || !map.get(nS).contains(mS));
	}
	
	private static void addToPrevCalcs(String nS, String mS, Map<String, List<String>> map){

		if(!map.containsKey(nS)){
			map.put(nS, new ArrayList<String>());
		}
		
		map.get(nS).add(mS);
		
	}
	
}
