/*
 * Problem C. Recycled Numbers
 * 
 * Do you ever become frustrated with television because you keep seeing the
 * same things, recycled over and over again? Well I personally don't care about
 * television, but I do sometimes feel that way about numbers.
 * 
 * Let's say a pair of distinct positive integers (n, m) is recycled if you can
 * obtain m by moving some digits from the back of n to the front without
 * changing their order. For example, (12345, 34512) is a recycled pair since
 * you can obtain 34512 by moving 345 from the end of 12345 to the front. Note
 * that n and m must have the same number of digits in order to be a recycled
 * pair. Neither n nor m can have leading zeros.
 * 
 * Given integers A and B with the same number of digits and no leading zeros,
 * how many distinct recycled pairs (n, m) are there with A â¤ n < m â¤ B?
 * 
 * Input
 * 
 * The first line of the input gives the number of test cases, T. T test cases
 * follow. Each test case consists of a single line containing the integers A
 * and B.
 * 
 * Output
 * 
 * For each test case, output one line containing "Case #x: y", where x is the
 * case number (starting from 1), and y is the number of recycled pairs (n, m)
 * with A â¤ n < m â¤ B.
 * 
 * Limits
 * 
 * 1 â¤ T â¤ 50.
 * 
 * A and B have the same number of digits.

Small dataset

1 â¤ A â¤ B â¤ 1000.

Large dataset

1 â¤ A â¤ B â¤ 2000000.

Sample


Input 
 	
Output 
 
4
1 9
10 40
100 500
1111 2222
Case #1: 0
Case #2: 3
Case #3: 156
Case #4: 287
 */

package google.codejam.y2012.qualifications;

import google.codejam.commons.Utils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

/**
 * @author Marco Lackovic <marco.lackovic@gmail.com>
 * @version 1.0, Apr 14, 2012
 */
public class RecycledNumbers {

	private static final String INPUT_FILE_NAME = "C-large.in";
	private static final String OUTPUT_FILE_NAME = "C-large.out";

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		String[] input = Utils.readFromFile(INPUT_FILE_NAME);
		String[] output = new String[input.length];
		int x = 0;
		for (String line : input) {
			StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(line);
			int a = Integer.valueOf(st.nextToken());
			int b = Integer.valueOf(st.nextToken());
			System.out.println("Computing case #" + (x + 1));
			output[x++] = "Case #" + x + ": " + recycledNumbers(a, b);
		}
		Utils.writeToFile(output, OUTPUT_FILE_NAME);
	}

	private static int recycledNumbers(int a, int b) {
		int count = 0;
		for (int n = a; n < b; n++) {
			count += getNumGreaterRotations(n, b);
		}
		return count;
	}

	private static int getNumGreaterRotations(int n, int b) {
		int count = 0;
		char[] chars = Integer.toString(n).toCharArray();
		for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
			chars = rotateRight(chars);
			if (chars[0] != '0') {
				int m = Integer.valueOf(new String(chars));
				if (n == m) {
					break;
				} else if (n < m && m <= b) {
					count++;
				}
			}
		}
		return count;
	}

	private static char[] rotateRight(char[] chars) {
		char last = chars[chars.length - 1];
		for (int i = chars.length - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
			chars[i + 1] = chars[i];
		}
		chars[0] = last;
		return chars;
	}

}

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Problem3
{
    static int size = 4;
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        try
        {
            FileInputStream fstream = new FileInputStream("C-large.in");
            DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(fstream);
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            
            String line;
            int i = 0;
            int num1 = 0, num2 = 0;
            int times;
            Scanner sc;
            int count, total;
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null)
            {
                if(i == 0)
                {
                    total = Integer.parseInt(line);
                    i = 1;
                    continue;
                }
                sc = new Scanner(line);
                if(sc.hasNextInt()) num1 = sc.nextInt();
                if(sc.hasNextInt()) num2 = sc.nextInt();
                size = (num1==0)?1:(int)Math.log10(num1) + 1;
                times = solve(num1, num2);
                System.out.println("Case #"+i+": "+times);
                write("Case #"+i+": "+times);
                i++;
            }
            in.close();
        }catch (Exception e){
            System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }       
    }
    
    public static int solve(int num1, int num2)
    {
        int i;
        int count = 0;
        int generated;
        for(i = num1; i <= num2; i++)
        {
            for(int j = 1; j < size; j++)
            {
                generated = generate(i, j);
                if(num1 <= i && i < generated && generated <= num2) 
                {
                    count++;
                }
            }
        }
        return count;
    }
    
    public static int generate(int i, int j)
    {
        int temp = i;
        int putfor = temp % (power(10, j));
        int last = temp / (power(10, j));
        int generated = putfor*power(10, size-1-(j-1)) + last;
        return generated;
    }
    
    public static int power(int i, int j)
    {
        int power = 1;
        for(int k = 0; k < j; k++)
        {
            power *= i;
        }
        return power;
    }
    
    public static void write(String text)
    {
        try
        {
            BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(new File("Problem3large.out"), true));
            bw.write(text);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.close();
        }catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}