package fixjava;

public class StringUtils {

	/** Repeat the given string the requested number of times. */
	public static String repeat(String str, int numTimes) {
		StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(Math.max(0, str.length() * numTimes));
		for (int i = 0; i < numTimes; i++)
			buf.append(str);
		return buf.toString();
	}

	/**
	 * Pad the left hand side of a field with the given character. Always adds at least one pad character. If the length of str is
	 * greater than numPlaces-1, then the output string will be longer than numPlaces.
	 */
	public static String padLeft(String str, char padChar, int numPlaces) {
		int bufSize = Math.max(numPlaces, str.length() + 1);
		StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(Math.max(numPlaces, str.length() + 1));
		buf.append(padChar);
		for (int i = 1, mi = bufSize - str.length(); i < mi; i++)
			buf.append(padChar);
		buf.append(str);
		return buf.toString();
	}

	/**
	 * Pad the right hand side of a field with the given character. Always adds at least one pad character. If the length of str is
	 * greater than numPlaces-1, then the output string will be longer than numPlaces.
	 */
	public static String padRight(String str, char padChar, int numPlaces) {
		int bufSize = Math.max(numPlaces, str.length() + 1);
		StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(Math.max(numPlaces, str.length() + 1));
		buf.append(str);
		buf.append(padChar);
		while (buf.length() < bufSize)
			buf.append(padChar);
		return buf.toString();
	}

	/** Intern all strings in an array, skipping null elements. */
	public static String[] intern(String[] arr) {
		for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)
			arr[i] = arr[i].intern();
		return arr;
	}

	/** Intern a string, ignoring null */
	public static String intern(String str) {
		return str == null ? null : str.intern();
	}

}

package codejam;

import java.util.Formatter;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class RecycledNumbers {	//Counting numbers within a given range, having same sequence of digits 

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
		int cases = in.nextInt();
		for(int i=1;i<=cases;i++){
			int a = in.nextInt();
			int b = in.nextInt();
			int digitCount = new Integer(a).toString().toCharArray().length;
			HashSet<String> pairs = new HashSet<String>();

			for(int num=a; num<b; num++){
				char[] numArray = new Integer(num).toString().toCharArray();
				for(int j=1; j<digitCount; j++){
					char[] tempIter = new char[digitCount];
					for(int k=0; k<digitCount; k++)
						tempIter[k] = numArray[(k+j)%digitCount];
					int tempNum = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(tempIter));
					if(tempNum > num && tempNum <=b)
						pairs.add(new Formatter().format("%d, %d", num,tempNum).toString());
				}
			}
			System.out.println("Case #"+i+": "+pairs.size());
		}
	}

}
