/*
 * Problem C. Recycled Numbers
 * 
 * Do you ever become frustrated with television because you keep seeing the
 * same things, recycled over and over again? Well I personally don't care about
 * television, but I do sometimes feel that way about numbers.
 * 
 * Let's say a pair of distinct positive integers (n, m) is recycled if you can
 * obtain m by moving some digits from the back of n to the front without
 * changing their order. For example, (12345, 34512) is a recycled pair since
 * you can obtain 34512 by moving 345 from the end of 12345 to the front. Note
 * that n and m must have the same number of digits in order to be a recycled
 * pair. Neither n nor m can have leading zeros.
 * 
 * Given integers A and B with the same number of digits and no leading zeros,
 * how many distinct recycled pairs (n, m) are there with A â¤ n < m â¤ B?
 * 
 * Input
 * 
 * The first line of the input gives the number of test cases, T. T test cases
 * follow. Each test case consists of a single line containing the integers A
 * and B.
 * 
 * Output
 * 
 * For each test case, output one line containing "Case #x: y", where x is the
 * case number (starting from 1), and y is the number of recycled pairs (n, m)
 * with A â¤ n < m â¤ B.
 * 
 * Limits
 * 
 * 1 â¤ T â¤ 50.
 * 
 * A and B have the same number of digits.

Small dataset

1 â¤ A â¤ B â¤ 1000.

Large dataset

1 â¤ A â¤ B â¤ 2000000.

Sample


Input 
 	
Output 
 
4
1 9
10 40
100 500
1111 2222
Case #1: 0
Case #2: 3
Case #3: 156
Case #4: 287
 */

package google.codejam.y2012.qualifications;

import google.codejam.commons.Utils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

/**
 * @author Marco Lackovic <marco.lackovic@gmail.com>
 * @version 1.0, Apr 14, 2012
 */
public class RecycledNumbers {

	private static final String INPUT_FILE_NAME = "C-large.in";
	private static final String OUTPUT_FILE_NAME = "C-large.out";

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		String[] input = Utils.readFromFile(INPUT_FILE_NAME);
		String[] output = new String[input.length];
		int x = 0;
		for (String line : input) {
			StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(line);
			int a = Integer.valueOf(st.nextToken());
			int b = Integer.valueOf(st.nextToken());
			System.out.println("Computing case #" + (x + 1));
			output[x++] = "Case #" + x + ": " + recycledNumbers(a, b);
		}
		Utils.writeToFile(output, OUTPUT_FILE_NAME);
	}

	private static int recycledNumbers(int a, int b) {
		int count = 0;
		for (int n = a; n < b; n++) {
			count += getNumGreaterRotations(n, b);
		}
		return count;
	}

	private static int getNumGreaterRotations(int n, int b) {
		int count = 0;
		char[] chars = Integer.toString(n).toCharArray();
		for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
			chars = rotateRight(chars);
			if (chars[0] != '0') {
				int m = Integer.valueOf(new String(chars));
				if (n == m) {
					break;
				} else if (n < m && m <= b) {
					count++;
				}
			}
		}
		return count;
	}

	private static char[] rotateRight(char[] chars) {
		char last = chars[chars.length - 1];
		for (int i = chars.length - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
			chars[i + 1] = chars[i];
		}
		chars[0] = last;
		return chars;
	}

}

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.HashSet;


public class CodeJamQ3 {

  public static String[] read(final String name) throws IOException {
    final InputStreamReader reader = new FileReader(new File(name));
    final char[] buf = new char[1024];
    int count = 0;
    final StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
    do {
      count = reader.read(buf);
      if (count > 0)
      res.append(buf, 0, count);
    } while (count != -1);
    return res.toString().trim().split("(\\r?\\n)+");
  }

  public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
    final long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    final String[] input = read("C-large.in");
    final FileWriter out = new FileWriter("out");

    final int casesCount = Integer.parseInt(input[0]);
    for (int caseN = 1; caseN <= casesCount; caseN++) {
      final String[] data = input[caseN].split("\\s+");
      final int a = Integer.parseInt(data[0]);
      final int b = Integer.parseInt(data[1]);

      out.write("Case #" + caseN + ": " + solve(a, b) + "\n");

    }

    out.close();
    System.out.println((System.currentTimeMillis() - start));
  }

  private static long solve(final int a, final int b) {
    System.out.print(".");
    long count = 0;
    final HashSet<Tuple> check= new HashSet<Tuple>();
    final char[] number = String.valueOf(b).toCharArray(), test= new char[number.length];
    final char[] numberB = String.valueOf(b).toCharArray();
    for (int x = a; x <= b; x++) {
      final String s = String.valueOf(x);
      s.getChars(0, s.length(), number, 0);
      s.getChars(0, s.length(), test, 0);
      for (int i = 1; i < number.length; i++) {

        final char c = test[0];
        for (int j = 1; j < number.length; j++) {
          test[j - 1] = test[j];
        }
        test[test.length - 1] = c;

        if (number[0] <= number[i] && number[i] != '0') {
          // check the number
          boolean ok = true, larger = false, smaller = false;
          int eq = 0;
          for (int j = 0; j < number.length; j++) {
            if (test[j] == number[j]) { eq++; }
            if (test[j] > number[j]) { larger = true; }
            if (test[j] < numberB[j]) { smaller = true; }
            if (larger && smaller) { break; }
            if (!larger && test[j] < number[j] || !smaller && test[j] > numberB[j]) {
              ok = false;
              break;
            }
          }
          if (!ok || eq == number.length) {continue; }

          final Tuple t = new Tuple(x, Integer.parseInt(new String(test)));
          if (check.contains(t)) { continue; }
          check.add(t);
          ++count;
        }
      }
    }
    return count;
  }

  private static class Tuple {
    int x, y;
    Tuple(final int x, final int y) {this.x = x; this.y = y; }
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
      return x + y;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
      final Tuple t = (Tuple)obj;
      return t.x == x && t.y == y || t.x == y && t.y ==x;
    }
  }

}
