/*
 * Problem C. Recycled Numbers
 * 
 * Do you ever become frustrated with television because you keep seeing the
 * same things, recycled over and over again? Well I personally don't care about
 * television, but I do sometimes feel that way about numbers.
 * 
 * Let's say a pair of distinct positive integers (n, m) is recycled if you can
 * obtain m by moving some digits from the back of n to the front without
 * changing their order. For example, (12345, 34512) is a recycled pair since
 * you can obtain 34512 by moving 345 from the end of 12345 to the front. Note
 * that n and m must have the same number of digits in order to be a recycled
 * pair. Neither n nor m can have leading zeros.
 * 
 * Given integers A and B with the same number of digits and no leading zeros,
 * how many distinct recycled pairs (n, m) are there with A â¤ n < m â¤ B?
 * 
 * Input
 * 
 * The first line of the input gives the number of test cases, T. T test cases
 * follow. Each test case consists of a single line containing the integers A
 * and B.
 * 
 * Output
 * 
 * For each test case, output one line containing "Case #x: y", where x is the
 * case number (starting from 1), and y is the number of recycled pairs (n, m)
 * with A â¤ n < m â¤ B.
 * 
 * Limits
 * 
 * 1 â¤ T â¤ 50.
 * 
 * A and B have the same number of digits.

Small dataset

1 â¤ A â¤ B â¤ 1000.

Large dataset

1 â¤ A â¤ B â¤ 2000000.

Sample


Input 
 	
Output 
 
4
1 9
10 40
100 500
1111 2222
Case #1: 0
Case #2: 3
Case #3: 156
Case #4: 287
 */

package google.codejam.y2012.qualifications;

import google.codejam.commons.Utils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

/**
 * @author Marco Lackovic <marco.lackovic@gmail.com>
 * @version 1.0, Apr 14, 2012
 */
public class RecycledNumbers {

	private static final String INPUT_FILE_NAME = "C-large.in";
	private static final String OUTPUT_FILE_NAME = "C-large.out";

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		String[] input = Utils.readFromFile(INPUT_FILE_NAME);
		String[] output = new String[input.length];
		int x = 0;
		for (String line : input) {
			StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(line);
			int a = Integer.valueOf(st.nextToken());
			int b = Integer.valueOf(st.nextToken());
			System.out.println("Computing case #" + (x + 1));
			output[x++] = "Case #" + x + ": " + recycledNumbers(a, b);
		}
		Utils.writeToFile(output, OUTPUT_FILE_NAME);
	}

	private static int recycledNumbers(int a, int b) {
		int count = 0;
		for (int n = a; n < b; n++) {
			count += getNumGreaterRotations(n, b);
		}
		return count;
	}

	private static int getNumGreaterRotations(int n, int b) {
		int count = 0;
		char[] chars = Integer.toString(n).toCharArray();
		for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
			chars = rotateRight(chars);
			if (chars[0] != '0') {
				int m = Integer.valueOf(new String(chars));
				if (n == m) {
					break;
				} else if (n < m && m <= b) {
					count++;
				}
			}
		}
		return count;
	}

	private static char[] rotateRight(char[] chars) {
		char last = chars[chars.length - 1];
		for (int i = chars.length - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
			chars[i + 1] = chars[i];
		}
		chars[0] = last;
		return chars;
	}

}

package fixjava;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;

/**
 * Iterator that iterates over the lines of the file and then closes it after the last line has been read.
 * 
 * e.g.
 * 
 * <code>
 * 
 * for (String line : new FileLineIterator("in.txt"))
 *     System.out.println(line);
 * 
 * for (NumberedLine nl : new FileLineIterator("in.txt").withLineNumbers())
 *     System.out.println(nl.getLineNum() + " " + nl.getLine());
 *     
 * </code>
 */
public class FileLineIterator implements Iterable<String>, Iterator<String> {

	private BufferedReader reader;
	String nextLine = null;
	boolean nextLineAlreadyFetched = false;
	private int lineNum = -1;

	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	/**
	 * Construct an iterator that iterates over the lines of the file and then closes it after the last line has been read.
	 * 
	 * e.g. for (String line : new FileLineIterator("in.txt")) System.out.println(line);
	 * 
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
	 *             on any I/O exception, so you can use this directly in foreach loops.
	 */
	public FileLineIterator(String filename) {
		this(new File(filename));
	}

	/**
	 * Construct an iterator that iterates over the lines of the file and then closes it after the last line has been read.
	 * 
	 * e.g. for (String line : new FileLineIterator(file)) System.out.println(line);
	 * 
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
	 *             on any I/O exception, so you can use this directly in foreach loops.
	 */
	public FileLineIterator(File file) {
		try {
			reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file), 1024 * 1024);
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
		}
	}

	@Override
	public Iterator<String> iterator() {
		return this;
	}

	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	private String getNextLine(boolean consume) {
		if (!nextLineAlreadyFetched) {
			try {
				nextLine = reader.readLine();
				lineNum++;
				nextLineAlreadyFetched = true;
				if (nextLine == null)
					// Close reader after last line has been read
					reader.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				if (reader != null)
					try {
						reader.close();
					} catch (Exception e2) {
					}
				throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
			}
		}
		String retVal = nextLine;
		if (consume) {
			nextLine = null;
			nextLineAlreadyFetched = false;
		}
		return retVal;
	}

	/** Return the current zero-indexed line number -- only returns the correct line number after a call to hasNext() or next() */
	public int getLineNum() {
		return lineNum;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean hasNext() {
		return getNextLine(false) != null;
	}

	@Override
	public String next() {
		return getNextLine(true);
	}

	@Override
	public void remove() {
		getNextLine(true);
	}

	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	public class NumberedLine {
		String line;
		int lineNum;

		public NumberedLine(String line, int lineNum) {
			this.line = line;
			this.lineNum = lineNum;
		}

		public String getLine() {
			return line;
		}

		public int getLineNum() {
			return lineNum;
		}
	}

	/** Return an Iterable<NumberedLine> that includes the line number with each line */
	public Iterable<NumberedLine> withLineNumbers() {
		final FileLineIterator fileLineIter = this;
		return new Iterable<NumberedLine>() {
			@Override
			public Iterator<NumberedLine> iterator() {
				return new Iterator<NumberedLine>() {
					@Override
					public void remove() {
						fileLineIter.remove();
					}

					@Override
					public NumberedLine next() {
						String line = fileLineIter.next();
						int lineNum = fileLineIter.getLineNum();
						return new NumberedLine(line, lineNum);
					}

					@Override
					public boolean hasNext() {
						return fileLineIter.hasNext();
					}
				};
			}
		};
	}
}
