/*
 * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
package recyclednumbers;

import java.util.HashSet;

/**
 *
 * @author vandit
 */
public class RecycleNumbers {

    private HashSet<String> numbers = new HashSet<String>();
    private HashSet<String> initialTempNumbers = new HashSet<String>();
    private HashSet<String> finalTempNumbers = new HashSet<String>();

    HashSet<Pair> numberPairs = new HashSet<Pair>();


    private void findRecycledNumbers(int start, int end, int places) {


        for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
            String initialNumber = Integer.toString(i);
            //if (!(numbers.contains(initialNumber) || finalTempNumbers.contains(initialNumber))) {

                StringBuffer tempNumber = new StringBuffer(initialNumber);
                int len = tempNumber.length();
                int startIndexToMove = len - places;
                String tempString = tempNumber.substring(startIndexToMove);
                if ((places == 1 && tempString.equals("0")) || tempString.charAt(0) == '0') {
                    continue;
                }
                tempNumber.delete(startIndexToMove, len);
                String finalTempNumber = tempString + tempNumber.toString();

                if (! (finalTempNumber.equals(initialNumber) || Integer.parseInt(finalTempNumber) > end || Integer.parseInt(finalTempNumber) < Integer.parseInt(initialNumber))) {
                    numbers.add(initialNumber);
                    finalTempNumbers.add(finalTempNumber);
                    Pair pair = new Pair(finalTempNumber,initialNumber);
                    numberPairs.add(pair);
                }
            }

        

    }

    public HashSet<Pair> findAllRecycledNumbers(int start, int end) {
        int length = Integer.toString(start).length();
        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            findRecycledNumbers(start, end, i);
        }
        return numberPairs;
    }
}

package programminginjava;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.lang.Math;

class recycledNos {
    
    int factorial(int no){
        if (no == 1 || no == 0)
            return 1;
        else return (no*factorial(no-1));
    }
    
    public static void main(String [] args) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader f = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("recycledNos.in"));
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("recycledNos.out")));
        
        recycledNos recycledNosRef = new recycledNos();
        
        int T = Integer.parseInt(f.readLine());
        
        for(int i=0; i<T; i++){
            String line = f.readLine();
            String [] lines = line.split(" ");
            int A = Integer.parseInt(lines[0]);
            int B = Integer.parseInt(lines[1]);
            
            HashMap hm = new HashMap();
            HashMap local = new HashMap();
            long totalPairs = 0;
            for(int j=A; j<=B; j++){
                int no = j;
                //System.out.print("no is : "+no);
                if(hm.containsKey(no))
                    continue;
                
                String noStr = Integer.toString(no);
                int len = noStr.length();
                
                int newPairs;
                int rem, quo, newQuo, tenPow, iterCount, firstDigit;
                tenPow = (int) Math.pow(10, len-1);
                iterCount = 1; 
                local.put(no, true);
                for(int k=0; k<len-1; k++){
                    quo = no/10; 
                    rem = no % 10;
                    newQuo = rem * tenPow;
                    //firstDigit = no/tenPow;
                    no = newQuo + quo;
                    
                    if(local.containsKey(no) || (rem==0) || no<A || no>B)
                        continue;
                    iterCount++; 
                    local.put(no, true);
                   // System.out.println(" and the iterCount is : "+iterCount);
                }
                
                long noOfCombinations = 0;
                if(iterCount > 1)
                  noOfCombinations = recycledNosRef.factorial(iterCount)/(recycledNosRef.factorial(iterCount-2)*2);
                
                hm.putAll(local);
                local.clear();
                totalPairs += noOfCombinations;
            }
            
            out.println("Case #"+(i+1)+": "+totalPairs);
            
        }
        
        out.close();
        System.exit(0);
    }
}