/*
 * Problem C. Recycled Numbers
 * 
 * Do you ever become frustrated with television because you keep seeing the
 * same things, recycled over and over again? Well I personally don't care about
 * television, but I do sometimes feel that way about numbers.
 * 
 * Let's say a pair of distinct positive integers (n, m) is recycled if you can
 * obtain m by moving some digits from the back of n to the front without
 * changing their order. For example, (12345, 34512) is a recycled pair since
 * you can obtain 34512 by moving 345 from the end of 12345 to the front. Note
 * that n and m must have the same number of digits in order to be a recycled
 * pair. Neither n nor m can have leading zeros.
 * 
 * Given integers A and B with the same number of digits and no leading zeros,
 * how many distinct recycled pairs (n, m) are there with A â¤ n < m â¤ B?
 * 
 * Input
 * 
 * The first line of the input gives the number of test cases, T. T test cases
 * follow. Each test case consists of a single line containing the integers A
 * and B.
 * 
 * Output
 * 
 * For each test case, output one line containing "Case #x: y", where x is the
 * case number (starting from 1), and y is the number of recycled pairs (n, m)
 * with A â¤ n < m â¤ B.
 * 
 * Limits
 * 
 * 1 â¤ T â¤ 50.
 * 
 * A and B have the same number of digits.

Small dataset

1 â¤ A â¤ B â¤ 1000.

Large dataset

1 â¤ A â¤ B â¤ 2000000.

Sample


Input 
 	
Output 
 
4
1 9
10 40
100 500
1111 2222
Case #1: 0
Case #2: 3
Case #3: 156
Case #4: 287
 */

package google.codejam.y2012.qualifications;

import google.codejam.commons.Utils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

/**
 * @author Marco Lackovic <marco.lackovic@gmail.com>
 * @version 1.0, Apr 14, 2012
 */
public class RecycledNumbers {

	private static final String INPUT_FILE_NAME = "C-large.in";
	private static final String OUTPUT_FILE_NAME = "C-large.out";

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		String[] input = Utils.readFromFile(INPUT_FILE_NAME);
		String[] output = new String[input.length];
		int x = 0;
		for (String line : input) {
			StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(line);
			int a = Integer.valueOf(st.nextToken());
			int b = Integer.valueOf(st.nextToken());
			System.out.println("Computing case #" + (x + 1));
			output[x++] = "Case #" + x + ": " + recycledNumbers(a, b);
		}
		Utils.writeToFile(output, OUTPUT_FILE_NAME);
	}

	private static int recycledNumbers(int a, int b) {
		int count = 0;
		for (int n = a; n < b; n++) {
			count += getNumGreaterRotations(n, b);
		}
		return count;
	}

	private static int getNumGreaterRotations(int n, int b) {
		int count = 0;
		char[] chars = Integer.toString(n).toCharArray();
		for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
			chars = rotateRight(chars);
			if (chars[0] != '0') {
				int m = Integer.valueOf(new String(chars));
				if (n == m) {
					break;
				} else if (n < m && m <= b) {
					count++;
				}
			}
		}
		return count;
	}

	private static char[] rotateRight(char[] chars) {
		char last = chars[chars.length - 1];
		for (int i = chars.length - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
			chars[i + 1] = chars[i];
		}
		chars[0] = last;
		return chars;
	}

}

/*
 * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
package Qualifier2012.c;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.TreeMap;

/**
 *
 * @author Ant Ongun Kefeli
 */
public class Main {

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("src\\Qualifier2012\\c\\C-large.in");
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(fis);

        FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("src\\Qualifier2012\\c\\output.out");
        BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(fw);

        int caseCount = 0;
        caseCount = sc.nextInt();
        for (int i = 0; i < caseCount; i++) {
            long smallLimit = sc.nextLong();
            long bigLimit = sc.nextLong();

            doit(out, i + 1, smallLimit, bigLimit);

        }

        out.close();
        sc.close();
    }

    private static void doit(BufferedWriter out, int casec, long smallLimit, long bigLimit) throws IOException {

        long res = 0;
        if (bigLimit < 21) {
            res = 0;
        } else {
            int digits = (int) Math.log10(smallLimit) + 1;
            Map<Long, List<Long>> map = new HashMap();
            for (long i = smallLimit; i <= bigLimit; i++) {
                for (int j = 1; j <= digits - 1; j++) {
                    String str = Long.toString(i);
                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                    sb.append(str.substring(str.length() - j, str.length()));
                    sb.append(str.substring(0, str.length() - j));

                    long cr = Long.parseLong(sb.toString());
                    if (cr >= smallLimit && cr <= bigLimit) {

                        long sm = i;
                        long big = cr;
                        if (i == cr) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        if (cr < i) {
                            sm = cr;
                            big = i;
                        }
                        if (map.containsKey(sm) && map.get(sm).contains(big)) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        if (map.get(sm) == null) {
                            List<Long> list = new ArrayList<Long>();
                            list.add(big);
                            map.put(sm, list);
                        } else {
                            List<Long> list = map.get(sm);
                            list.add(big);
                            map.put(sm, list);
                        }
                        res++;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        out.write(
                "Case #" + casec + ": " + res + "\n");

    }
}
