Bologna, coached by AC Milan legend Roberto Donadoni, had the only shot on target, while Juve's Paul Pogba wasted two good chances after the break.
Juve boss Massimiliano Allegri rested leading scorer Paulo Dybala, introducing him after 68 minutes.
Juventus are now two points ahead of second-placed Napoli, who entertain AC Milan on Monday.
Juventus' run of 15 consecutive Serie A wins came to an end as they were held to a goalless draw at Bologna.