Beattie was named Stanley boss in May 2013, before leaving the League Two club in September 2014, having won only 16 of his 58 games in charge.
The 38-year-old worked under Leeds boss Garry Monk at Swansea, but left in December following Monk's dismissal.
Meanwhile, defender Giuseppe Bellusci, 26, has joined Empoli on a season-long loan with a view to a permanent deal.
Bellusci made 61 appearances for Leeds after signing from Catania in August 2014, but has returned to Italy because of family reasons.
Former Accrington Stanley manager James Beattie has been appointed first-team coach at Championship side Leeds.