The 21-year-old defender has made just two Championship appearances for his parent club in 2016-17.
The move is likely to help the Silkmen provide cover for captain Andy Halls, who suffered a hamstring injury in Wednesday's 1-0 defeat by Barrow.
Evans could make his debut in Saturday's match at home to Braintree Town.
National League side Macclesfield Town have signed Callum Evans on loan from Barnsley until the end of the season.