Scottish Power Energy Networks says it needs to replace much of the ageing system with a new higher voltage line.
It said the project would make the network "more resilient for homes and businesses" and increase capacity.
It said much of the existing 132,000 volt (132kV) system was coming towards the end of its operational life.
The Dumfries and Galloway Strategic Reinforcement Project project proposes a new high voltage overhead line of up to 400,000 volts (400kV) between Auchencrosh in South Ayrshire and Harker in Cumbria.
Initial consultation will seek views on a broad corridor of land that has been identified where potential routes for a new overhead line could be situated.
Consultation events are taking place at the following venues:
Consultation is starting on plans to modernise the overhead power line network stretching from Ayrshire across Dumfries and Galloway and into Cumbria.