Fans were arrested and one was injured after trouble flared following Bastia's match at Reims on Saturday.
That sparked protests and violence in the Corsican city of Bastia on Sunday, during which a crowd of about 100 people attacked a police station.
The trouble continued on Monday and Tuesday, with further violent protests.
The Ligue de Football Professionnel (LFP) ordered Bastia to bring forward their match on Saturday from 19:00 GMT to 13:00 GMT.
When they refused, the match was postponed until 9 March.
"I cannot tolerate that football be a pretext for violent actions," said LFP president Frederic Thiriez.
Bastia's Ligue 1 home match against Nantes on Saturday has been postponed because of violent clashes between fans and police.