Ex-Newcastle and West Ham midfielder Nolan joined the O's in January, but lost his managerial role when Andy Hessenthaler took over in April.
The 34-year-old won seven of his 15 games during his time in charge.
He became the youngest boss in the Football League when he signed a two-and-a-half-year deal with the London club and played 14 games for them.
Former player-manager Kevin Nolan has left Leyton Orient, the League Two club have announced.