5 November 2015 Last updated at 00:50 GMT
If no action is taken, fish stocks will decline by between 9% and 59% over the next 30 years, depending on the species, it warned.
The study recommended dramatic reduction in all fishing activity, as Juliana Liu reports from Hong Kong.
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Territorial disputes in the South China Sea will hamper efforts to coordinate urgent action among Asian governments on overfishing, according to a study by the University of British Columbia.