Amy Stewart failed to confirm her location on Saturday following a weeklong licence.
She did not return to the prison when she was due to the next day. Stewart is not thought to be a risk to members of the public.
Officers say they are currently carrying out inquiries in Glasgow, West Lothian and Stirlingshire.
Supt Kenneth Macleod said:  "We are currently looking to trace Amy Stewart, who is missing from HMP / YOI Cornton Vale, and are currently working with our colleagues at the Scottish Prison Service to locate her.
"We would like to emphasise that Stewart is not considered to be a risk to the public at this time.  Nevertheless we are keen to see her returned to Cornton Vale as soon as possible."
Police have started a search for a 31-year-old woman who has absconded from Cornton Vale Prison in Stirlingshire.