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8 December 2014 Last updated at 22:33 GMT
The Commons Environmental Audit Committee is calling for drastic measures to be introduced to reduce the harmful effects in a new report.
BBC London's Tom Edwards spoke to Debbie Bourne of St Paul's Primary School,  chairman of Environmental Audit Committee, Joan Walley MP, Simon Birkett of  Clean Air for London and  Matthew Pencharz,  the Mayor of London's environment adviser.
A group of MPs has described air pollution as "a public health crisis" - 62 years after London was struck by the great smog.