The shooting happened in Braithwaite Road, Sparkbrook, at about 23:30 BST on Thursday. The 22-year-old man remains in a stable condition in hospital.
West Midlands Police said three men aged 20, 21 and 25, have been arrested in connection with the shooting.
The busy Stratford Road at the junction of Bordesley Middleway and Braithwaite Road has been cordoned off while forensic investigations take place.
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A man has been shot in the shoulder on a Birmingham street, police said.