4) what causes sudden infant death syndrome also called sids
Sudden infant death syndrome The exact cause of SIDS is unknown.[3] The requirement of a combination of factors including a specific underlying susceptibility, a specific time in development, and an environmental stressor has been proposed.[2][3] These environmental stressors may include sleeping on the stomach or side, overheating, and exposure to tobacco smoke.[3] Accidental suffocation from bed sharing (also known as co-sleeping) or soft objects may also play a role.[2][10] Another risk factor is being born before 39 weeks of gestation.[7] SIDS makes up about 80% of sudden and unexpected infant deaths (SUIDs).[2] Other causes include infections, genetic disorders, and heart problems.[2] While child abuse in the form of intentional suffocation may be misdiagnosed as SIDS, this is believed to make up less than 5% of cases.[2]
Infant mortality Causes of infant mortality directly lead to the death.[13] Environmental and social barriers prevent access to basic medical resources and thus contribute to an increasing infant mortality rate; 99% of infant deaths occur in developing countries, and 86% of these deaths are due to infections, premature births, complications during delivery, and perinatal asphyxia and birth injuries.[10] Greatest percentage reduction of infant mortality occurs in countries that already have low rates of infant mortality.[14] Common causes are preventable with low-cost measures. In the United States, a primary determinant of infant mortality risk is infant birth weight with lower birth weights increasing the risk of infant mortality. The determinants of low birth weight include socio-economic, psychological, behavioral and environmental factors.[15]
Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Miscellaneous/2015 June 3 Note that this question does not relate to any particular real-world case. If the police discover a body, and then make a statement saying that the death is not being treated as suspicious, presumably that rules out foul play. So what are the other possible causes of death? I can think of suicide, a health problem (e.g. a sudden heart attack) and accidental death. Are there any others? --Viennese Waltz 11:47, 3 June 2015 (UTC)
Abusive head trauma SBS may be misdiagnosed, underdiagnosed, and overdiagnosed,[25] and caregivers may lie or be unaware of the mechanism of injury.[11] Commonly, there are no externally visible signs of the condition.[11] Examination by an experienced ophthalmologist is often critical in diagnosing shaken baby syndrome, as particular forms of ocular bleeding are quite characteristic.[26] Magnetic resonance imaging may also depict retinal bleeds;[27] this may occasionally be useful if an ophthalmologist examination is delayed or unavailable.[citation needed] Conditions that must be ruled out include hydrocephalus, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), seizure disorders, and infectious or congenital diseases like meningitis and metabolic disorders.[28][29] CT scanning and magnetic resonance imaging are used to diagnose the condition.[11] Conditions that may accompany SBS include bone fractures, injury to the cervical spine (in the neck), retinal bleeding, cerebral bleed or atrophy, hydrocephalus, and papilledema (swelling of the optic disc).[12]