why is albany the state capital of new york
Albany, New York Fortune 500 companies with offices in Albany include American Express, J.P. Morgan and Chase,[9] Merrill Lynch,[10][11] General Electric, Verizon, Goldman Sachs,[12] International Paper,[13] and Key Bank.[14] In the 21st century, the Capital District has emerged as a major anchor of Tech Valley, the moniker describing the technologically-focused region of eastern New York State. This was the first European settlement in the state. It was settled by Dutch colonists who in 1614, built Fort Nassau for fur trading and Fort Orange in 1624. They formed successful relations with both the Mahican and the Mohawk peoples, two major Native American nations in the region. The fur trade attracted settlers who founded a village called Beverwijck near Fort Orange. In 1664 the English took over the Dutch settlements, renaming the city as Albany, in honor of the then Duke of Albany, the future James II of England and James VII of Scotland. The city was officially chartered in 1686 under English rule. It became the capital of New York State in 1797, following the United States gaining independence in the American Revolutionary War. Albany is one of the oldest surviving settlements of the original British thirteen colonies, and the longest continuously chartered city in the United States. Its charter is possibly the longest-running instrument of municipal government in the Western Hemisphere.[15] During the late 18th century and throughout most of the 19th, Albany was a center of trade and transportation. It is on the north end of the navigable Hudson River, was the original eastern terminus of the Erie Canal connecting to the Great Lakes, and was home to some of the earliest railroad systems in the world. Albany's main exports at the time were beer, lumber, published works, and ironworks. Beginning in 1810, Albany was one of the ten most populous cities in the United States, a distinction it held until the 1860 census.
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New York City Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors,[29][30] New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of the State of New York.[31] The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.[32] The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States.[33] As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York,[34][35][36] making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.[35][37][38] New York City is home to more than 3.2 million residents born outside the United States,[39] the largest foreign-born population of any city in the world.[40] In 2013, the tri-state New York Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of nearly US$1.4 trillion.[41] If greater New York City were a sovereign state, it would have the 12th highest GDP in the world.[42]
New Delhi Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj until December 1911.