which president introduced the philadelphia plan which provided the framework for affirmative action
Affirmative action in the United States It was through the Philadelphia Plan that the Nixon administration formed their adapted definition of affirmative action and became the official policy of the US government. The plan was defined as "racial goals and timetables, not quotas"[25]:124
Inauguration of John F. Kennedy And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for youâ€”ask what you can do for your country.[35]
Economic nationalism While the coining of the term "
Affirmative action The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination stipulates (in Article 2.2) that affirmative action programs may be required of countries that ratified the convention, in order to rectify systematic discrimination. It states, however, that such programs "shall in no case entail as a consequence the maintenance of unequal or separate rights for different racial groups after the objectives for which they were taken have been achieved."[82]