when did communism in the soviet union collapse
Dissolution of the Soviet Union On August 24, 1991, Gorbachev dissolved the Central Committee of the CPSU, resigned as the party's general secretary, and dissolved all party units in the government. Five days later, the Supreme Soviet indefinitely suspended all CPSU activity on Soviet territory, effectively ending Communist rule in the Soviet Union and dissolving the only remaining unifying force in the country. Gorbachev established a State Council of the Soviet Union on 5 September, designed to bring him and the highest officials of the remaining republics into a collective leadership, able to appoint a premier of the Soviet Union; it never functioned properly, though Ivan Silayev de facto took the post through the Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet Economy and the Interstate Economic Committee and tried to form a government though with rapidly reducing powers.
Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–50) The Second World War ended in Europe with Germany's defeat in May 1945. By this time, all of Eastern and much of Central Europe was under Soviet occupation. This included most of the historical German settlement areas, as well as the Soviet occupation zone in eastern Germany.
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Cold War The Cuban Missile Crisis (Octoberâ€“November 1962) brought the world closer to nuclear war than ever before.[184] The aftermath of the crisis led to the first efforts in the nuclear arms race at nuclear disarmament and improving relations,[130] although the Cold War's first arms control agreement, the Antarctic Treaty, had come into force in 1961.[185]