where are the microspores and megaspores formed in gymnosperms
Microspore In seed plants the microspores develop into pollen grains each containing a reduced, multicellular male gametophyte.[5] The megaspores, in turn, develop into reduced female gametophytes that produce egg cells that, once fertilized, develop into seeds. Pollen cones or microstrobili usually develop toward the tips of the lower branches in clusters up to 50 or more. The microsporangia of gymnosperms develop in pairs toward the bases of the scales, which are therefore called microsporophylls. Each of the microsporocytes in the microsporangia undergoes meiosis, producing four haploid microspores. These develop into pollen grains, each consisting of four cells and a pair of external air sacs. The air sacs give the pollen grains added buoyancy that helps with wind dispersal.[3]
Saliva Saliva is a watery substance formed in the mouths of animals, secreted by the salivary glands
Eye Rods cannot distinguish colours, but are responsible for low-light (scotopic) monochrome (black-and-white) vision; they work well in dim light as they contain a pigment, rhodopsin (visual purple), which is sensitive at low light intensity, but saturates at higher (photopic) intensities. Rods are distributed throughout the retina but there are none at the fovea and none at the blind spot. Rod density is greater in the peripheral retina than in the central retina.
Swallowing 5) Closure of the nasopharynx