when did the ottoman empire take over jerusalem
History of Jerusalem In 1517, Jerusalem was taken over by the Ottoman Empire and enjoyed a period of renewal and peace under Suleiman the Magnificent, including the construction of the walls of what is now known as the Old City of Jerusalem (although some foundations were remains of genuine antique walls). The rule of Suleiman and subsequent Ottoman Sultans brought an age of "religious peace"; Jew, Christian and Muslim enjoyed freedom of religion and it was possible to find a synagogue, a church and a mosque on the same street. The city remained open to all religions, although the empire's faulty management after Suleiman the Magnificent meant economical stagnation.[citation needed]
History of Palestine In October 1831, Muhammad Ali of Egypt dispatched his modernized army commanded by his son Ibrahim Pasha in a campaign to annex Ottoman Syria, including Palestine. Ibrahim Pasha's forces had previously defeated the Ottomans and gained control of Sudan and the western Arabian Peninsula. Their entry into Palestine was not resisted by the local inhabitants,[260] nor by the rural sheikhs of the central highlands.[261] However, Abdullah Pasha resisted the conquest from Acre, which was besieged and ultimately surrendered in May 1832.[262]
Israel In 1947, the United Nations adopted a Partition Plan for Palestine recommending the creation of independent Arab and Jewish states and an internationalized Jerusalem.[29] The plan was accepted by the Jewish Agency for Palestine, and rejected by Arab leaders.[30][31][32] The following year, the Jewish Agency declared the independence of the State of Israel, and the subsequent 1948 Arab–Israeli War saw Israel's establishment over most of the former Mandate territory, while the West Bank and Gaza were held by neighboring Arab states.[33] Israel has since fought several wars with Arab countries,[34] and it has since 1967 occupied territories including the West Bank, Golan Heights and the Gaza Strip (still considered occupied after 2005 disengagement, although some legal experts, dispute this claim).[35][36][37][fn 3] It extended its laws to the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem, but not the West Bank.[38][39][40][41] Israel's occupation of the Palestinian territories is the world's longest military occupation in modern times.[fn 3][43] Efforts to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict have not resulted in peace. However, peace treaties between Israel and both Egypt and Jordan have been signed.
Agra Sh훮h Jah훮n later shifted the capital to Delhi during his reign, but his son Aurangzeb moved the capital back to Akbarab훮d, usurping his father and imprisoning him in the Fort there. Akbarab훮d remained the capital of India during the rule of Aurangzeb until he shifted it to Aurangabad in the Deccan in 1653.