salmonella spp. typically transmitted from animals to humans
Salmonella Salmonella species are intracellular pathogens:[4] certain serotypes cause illness. Nontyphoidal serotypes can be transferred from animal-to-human and from human-to-human. They usually invade only the gastrointestinal tract and cause Salmonella food poisoning; symptoms resolve without antibiotics. However, in sub-Saharan Africa they can be invasive and cause paratyphoid fever, which requires immediate treatment with antibiotics. Typhoidal serotypes can only be transferred from human-to-human, and can cause Salmonella food poisoning, typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever.[5] Typhoid fever occurs when Salmonella invades the bloodstream—the typhoidal form; or in addition spreads throughout the body, invades organs, and secretes endotoxins—the septic form. This can lead to life-threatening hypovolemic shock and septic shock and requires intensive care including antibiotics.
Small intestine Absorption of the majority of nutrients takes place in the jejunum, with the following notable exceptions:
Animal Animals are eukaryotic, multicellular organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals are motile (able to move), heterotrophic (consume organic material), reproduce sexually, and their embryonic development includes a blastula stage. The body plan of the animal derives from this blastula, differentiating specialized tissues and organs as it develops; this plan eventually becomes fixed, although some undergo metamorphosis at some stage in their lives.
Babylon Babylon (