when was the first guru granth sahib written
Guru Granth Sahib The entire Guru Granth Sahib is written in the Gurmukhi script, which was standardized by Guru Angad Dev in the 16th century. According to Sikh tradition and the Mahman Prakash, an early Sikh manuscript, Guru Angad Dev had taught and spread the Gurmukhi script at the suggestion of Guru Nanak Dev which has invented the Gurmukhi script. [24][25] The word Gurmukhī translates to "from the mouth of the guru". It descended from the Laṇḍā scripts and was used from the outset for compiling Sikh scriptures. The Sikhs assign a high degree of sanctity to the Gurmukhī script.[26] It is the official script for writing Punjabi in the Indian State of Punjab.
Guru Granth Sahib The text consists of 1,430 angs (pages) and 6,000 śabads (line compositions),[5][6] which are poetically rendered and set to a rhythmic ancient north Indian classical form of music.[7] The bulk of the scripture is divided into thirty-one rāgas, with each Granth rāga subdivided according to length and author. The hymns in the scripture are arranged primarily by the rāgas in which they are read.[5] The Guru Granth Sahib is written in the Gurmukhī script, in various languages, including Lahnda (Western Punjabi), Braj Bhasha, Khariboli, Sanskrit, Sindhi, and Persian. Copies in these languages often have the generic title of Sant Bhasha.[8]
National Pledge (India) 1. Hindi भारत मेरा देश है। सब भारतवासी मेरे भाई-बहन है। मैं अपने देश से प्रेम करता/करती हूं। इसकी समृद्ध एवं विविध संस्कृति पर मुझे गर्व है। मैं सदा इसका सुयोग्य अधिकारी बनने का प्रयत्न करता/करती रहूँगा/रहूँगी। मैं अपने माता-पिता, शिक्षको एवं गुरुजनो का सम्मान करूँगा/करूँगी और प्रत्येक के साथ विनीत रहूँगा/रहूँगी। मैं अपने देश और देशवाशियों के प्रति सत्यनिष्ठा की प्रतिज्ञा करता/करती हूँ। इनके कल्याण एवं समृद्धि में ही मेरा सुख निहित है।
Agra Sh훮h Jah훮n later shifted the capital to Delhi during his reign, but his son Aurangzeb moved the capital back to Akbarab훮d, usurping his father and imprisoning him in the Fort there. Akbarab훮d remained the capital of India during the rule of Aurangzeb until he shifted it to Aurangabad in the Deccan in 1653.