what was the original meaning of the term universitas
University The original Latin word "universitas" refers in general to "a number of persons associated into one body, a society, company, community, guild, corporation, etc."[5] At the time of the emergence of urban town life and medieval guilds, specialized "associations of students and teachers with collective legal rights usually guaranteed by charters issued by princes, prelates, or the towns in which they were located" came to be denominated by this general term. Like other guilds, they were self-regulating and determined the qualifications of their members.[6]
Paris Peace Accords
Cwm Rhondda Arglwydd, arwain trwy'r anialwch, Fi, bererin gwael ei wedd, Nad oes ynof nerth na bywyd Fel yn gorwedd yn y bedd: Hollalluog, Hollalluog, Ydyw'r Un a'm cwyd i'r lan. Ydyw'r Un a'm cwyd i'r lan Agor y ffynhonnau melus 'N tarddu i maes o'r Graig y sydd; Colofn dân rho'r nos i'm harwain, A rho golofn niwl y dydd; Rho i mi fanna, Rho i mi fanna, Fel na bwyf yn llwfwrhau. Fel na bwyf yn llwfwrhau. Pan yn troedio glan Iorddonen, Par i'm hofnau suddo i gyd; Dwg fi drwy y tonnau geirwon Draw i Ganaan – gartref clyd: Mawl diderfyn. Mawl diderfyn Fydd i'th enw byth am hyn. Fydd i'th enw byth am hyn.
Ä Ä (lower case ä) is a character that represents either a letter from several extended Latin alphabets, or the letter A with an umlaut mark or diaeresis.