You may need to try out a number of different learning techniques before you find those that work best for you. One of the most time-honored techniques, flashcards remain a simple but powerful tool for vocabulary practice.  Write down each new word you learn on the front of a small note card or piece of paper, then write its definition on the back. Run through the flashcards several times each day, trying to remember the word’s definition before checking on the back. There are a variety of flashcard apps available for tablets and smartphones that can make using flashcards even more portable and accessible. Go here for a short list of Android apps or here for a list of Apple apps. Read texts at your desired vocabulary level in the target language. Reading and looking up--and writing down!--new words while doing so is an excellent way of building and practicing vocabulary.  If you’re trying to elevate your vocabulary in your native language to, for example, the university level, read academic journal articles, The New Yorker, The New York Times, etc. If you’re trying to learn a new language, read texts at your current skill level or just slightly above it. So if you’re just beginning to learn, reading books for young children may help you establish the fundamentals. If you’re at an intermediate level, you can read books for young adults. You may try to find simplified or summarized versions of longer stories that you already know.  Also, look for subjects which you are interested in. You may even recognize a few words that are similar to your native language and that will boost your confidence. Reading a book you’re familiar with in your native language that has been translated into your target language can be a fun and effective way to practice your vocabulary and language skills. Giving yourself frequent vocabulary tests will help you work on words that pose a particular challenge. A number of websites offer online vocabulary quizzes to help you practice. There are some like this that allow you to select your...

TL;DR in Chinese:
找到最适合你的方法。 用识记卡片练习。 广泛接触新单词。 网上有许多单词测试网站。 多使用新单词。