First, read the English article below.

It is important to know as much as you can about the topic you'll be speaking on. If you aren't already well-versed in the subject (e.g. because it has been assigned to you), do some research and learn as much as you can.  Especially if your topic is a controversial one, it's a good idea to know the arguments on all sides of the issue. Whatever argument you are making, you'll be more persuasive if you can address the views of the opposing side. Spend some time reading books or articles about your topic. You can go to the library and ask a librarian for help finding books, or just go online and find some articles. Make sure to use reliable sources, like major news organizations, or academic books or articles. Opinion-oriented sources, like editorials, talk radio, or partisan cable news, can be valuable for finding out what other people think about your topic. But, don't rely on them as your only source of information. They can be very biased. If you use them at all, make sure to read a variety of viewpoints on the matter, not just one side. It's important to understand exactly what it is you are trying to achieve with your speech. This way, you can tailor your content to fit your goals. For example, if your topic is recycling, it's important to know a lot about recycling. But, your speech will need to reflect exactly what you hope the audience will do. Are you trying to get people to vote in favor of a citywide recycling program? Or are you trying to convince them to sort out their glass and cans and put them in a separate bin? These will be different speeches, so having the goal spelled out early will help you craft your message. It is also important to understand your audience and their views and knowledge about the topic. This will also influence the content of your speech.  An audience that knows little about your topic will need more background information and simpler language. An audience made up of experts on the topic would likely find such a simple speech boring.  Likewise, an audience that already... 

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Chinese. Abstract:
深入研究演讲话题。 明确目标。 了解听众。 选择合适的说服途径。 将主要观点提炼出大纲。