Different parts of the moon are illuminated during waxing and waning. In the Northern Hemisphere, the part of the moon that is illuminated will appear to grow from right to left until it’s full, and it will then diminish from right to left.  A waxing moon will be illuminated on the right side, and a waning moon will be illuminated on the left side.  Hold out your right hand with your thumb out, palm facing the sky. The thumb and forefingers make a curve like a backward C. If the moon fits in this curve, it's a waxing moon (increasing). If you do the same with your left hand and the moon fits in the "C" curve then it is waning (decreasing). Since the moon always follows the same illumination pattern, you can use the shape of the letters D, O, and C to determine if the moon is waxing or waning. During the first quarter, the moon will look like a D. When it’s full, it will look like an O. And when it’s in the third quarter, it will look like a C.  A crescent moon in the shape of a backwards C is waxing A half or gibbous moon in the shape of a D is waxing. A half or gibbous moon in the shape of a backwards D is waning. A crescent moon in the shape of a C is waning. The moon doesn’t always rise and set at the same time, but changes depending on what phase it’s in. This means you can use the time of moonrise and moonset to determine if the moon is waxing or waning.  You can’t see a new moon because it isn’t illuminated by the sun, and because it rises and sets at the same time as the sun. As the waxing moon moves into its first quarter, it will rise in the morning, reach its height around dusk, and set around midnight. Full moons come up when the sun goes down and set when the sun comes up. As the waning moon moves into its third quarter, it will rise at midnight and set in the morning.

How would you rephrase that briefly using Chinese?
月亮的盈亏是从右到左。 记住D、O、C法则。 了解月亮升起和落下的时间。