学一门编程语言。 确定你的目标。

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You shouldn't limit yourself to any particular language, but there are a few guidelines. Learning a programming language might take time, so you need to be patient.  C and C++ are the languages that Linux and Windows were built with. It (along with assembly language) teaches something that's very important in hacking: how memory works. Python or Ruby are high-level, powerful scripting languages that can be used to automate various tasks. Base 64 is also a good choice. It is a language that turns letters, number, and, symbols into different letters, numbers, and, symbols. Perl is a reasonable choice in this field as well, while PHP is worth learning because the majority of web applications use PHP. Bash scripting is a must. That is how to easily manipulate Unix/Linux systems—writing scripts, which will do most of the job for you. Assembly language is a must-know. It is the basic language that your processor understands, and there are multiple variations of it. You can't truly exploit a program if you don't know assembly. The process of gathering information about your target is known as enumeration. The more you know in advance, the fewer surprises you'll have.