Article in English: When probed, the cirrhotic liver tends to feel firm and nodular. Splenomegaly (enlarged spleen) is caused by hypertension that causes congestion in the spleen. Both of these conditions are signs of cirrhosis. Most primary care doctors will not check for this. This is a hum in the veins that can be heard through a stethoscope in the epigastric (upper central) region of the abdomen. Like caput medusa, it's also caused by a problem with the way different vein systems in the body connect to one another when there's high pressure in the veins. The doctor will perform the Valsalva maneuver — a probing technique that increases abdominal pressure. This will allow him or her to hear the murmur more clearly if it is present. He or she will draw blood and have a laboratory perform tests useful for a diagnosis of cirrhosis. These tests may include:  A complete blood count that tests for the anemia, leukopenia, and neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia commonly seen in cirrhosis, among other things. A test for elevated serum aminotransferases enzyme levels that might point to alcoholic cirrhosis. Alcoholic cirrhosis typically has AST/ALT ratio greater than 2.  A measurement of total bilirubin to compare your levels to acceptable baseline levels. Results may be normal in early cirrhosis, but levels tend to rise as cirrhosis worsens. Note that rising bilirubin is a poor prognostic sign in primary biliary cirrhosis.  A measurement of albumin levels. A failing, cirrhotic liver's inability to synthesize albumin will lead to low albumin levels. However, this is also seen in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, malnutrition, and some intestinal disease. Other tests include alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), prothrombin time,, globulins, serum sodium, and hyponatremia. Imaging the body can help recognize cirrhosis, but are more useful to detect complications of cirrhosis like ascites.  Ultrasounds are noninvasive and widely available. A cirrhotic liver appears small and nodular on an...

Summary in Vietnamese:
Yêu cầu bác sĩ kiểm tra sự thay đổi kích thước của gan hoặc lá lách. Đề nghị bác sĩ kiểm tra tiếng thổi Cruveilhier-Baumgarten. Để bác sĩ làm xét nghiệm máu tìm bệnh xơ gan. Yêu cầu bác sĩ xem xét hình ảnh. Làm sinh thiết để chẩn đoán xác định.