In the early and mid-term of urbanization, the United States pursued the theory of free economy, and the market mechanism played a major role. The federal government's weak control measures led to excessive suburbanization, resulting in structural imbalances in urban development planning, disorderly expansion and spread of cities, and serious waste of land resources. A series of problems such as environmental damage. In this regard, in the later period of urbanization, the US government gradually increased its control efforts, through legislation and administrative intervention, strengthened urban planning and industrial planning, and gradually paid attention to environmental protection. Especially in the 1990s, the smart growth movement proposed by the US government had a profound impact on urbanization.
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Ecological environment is the primary consideration in the process of urbanization.