Horizontal communication and vertical communication are two instrumental communication styles in the process of building social capital. Horizontal communication refers to the process in which an individual establishes extensive connections with groups with similar social status around him, while vertical communication refers to the process in which an individual establishes relationships actively with groups in the society dominated by dominant resources.
According to the above definition, which of the followings is vertical communication?
In order to be able to continue to contract the village fish pond smoothly, Lao Zhang took the initiative to make good relations with the villagers every spring festival to give the villagers a few free fish.