Modern European cities are completely different from medieval cities and contemporary industrial cities. Medieval cities emerged and stood firm as a counterweight to the power of feudal lords. In the protected autonomous areas at the time, they were shelters for merchants and craftsmen. Not plundered by feudal owners. On the contrary, modern cities are places favored by dignitaries (such as bourgeois landlords) who have abandoned traditional rural residences, and are emerging power centers that place surrounding villages under their influence. Another feature is that the tertiary industry has an overwhelming advantage in urban functions at the expense of damaging productive activities, which was the core of medieval cities and regained this position in the later industrialization era.
The latter in the text refers to?
Bourgeois landlord