a specimen of b. bassiana efcc 13188 , growing on adult mantis , was collected from yang - yang of gangwon province , korea in october 2006 and preserved in the entomopathogenic fungal culture collection ( efcc ) , kangwon national university , korea ( fig .
, the conidia were transferred from the fresh specimen to 2% water agar ( wa ) plates in two parallel lines with the help of a sterile insect pin and incubated at 25 under continuous light .
after two days of incubation , fine , regular hyphal growths could be observed by the naked eye on the sides of the parallel lines .
small agar blocks containing hyphal growths were cut with the help of a zeiss dissecting microscope stemi sv11 ( zeiss , oberkochen , germany ) and then transferred to of half strength sabouraud 's dextrose agar yeast extract ( sday ) agar plates ( dextrose 20 g , peptone 5 g , yeast extract 5 g and agar 15 g per 1,000 ml ; ph 5.6 ) .
mycelial discs ( 4 mm ) from the peripheral region of the two - week old agar cultures were inoculated in flasks of sday broths ( sday without agar ) and incubated in stationary condition under light for three days .
the culture suspension was diluted in 1.8 ml eppendorf tubes in different grades and then plated in wa plates .
after two days of incubation , single conidial colonies were isolated from the wa plates through a zeiss dissecting microscope stemi sv11 ( zeiss ) and transferred to half - strength sday agar plates .
all of the eight single conidial isolates , efcc 13188 - 1 to efcc 13188 - 8
incubated for the induction of fruiting bodies , following the method of shrestha et al . .
after regular observations until fifty - five days of incubations , very surprisingly only few combinations , including two single inoculations , produced perithecial stromata ( table 1 , fig .
perithecial stromata produced from b. bassiana isolates were compared with those of c. bassiana [ 5 , 7 ] .
similarly , conidial structures of b. bassiana efcc 13188 were compared with those of c. bassiana 12511 ( fig .
4 ) . all of the eight single conidial isolates of b. bassiana efcc 13188 and four single ascospore isolates of c. bassiana efcc 12511a  b   were inoculated in brown rice medium in all possible combinations of two isolates at a time to observe the nature of fruiting bodies ( table 2 ) .
a specimen of b. bassiana efcc 13188 , growing on adult mantis , was collected from yang - yang of gangwon province , korea in october 2006 and preserved in the entomopathogenic fungal culture collection ( efcc ) , kangwon national university , korea ( fig .
, the conidia were transferred from the fresh specimen to 2% water agar ( wa ) plates in two parallel lines with the help of a sterile insect pin and incubated at 25 under continuous light .
after two days of incubation , fine , regular hyphal growths could be observed by the naked eye on the sides of the parallel lines .
small agar blocks containing hyphal growths were cut with the help of a zeiss dissecting microscope stemi sv11 ( zeiss , oberkochen , germany ) and then transferred to of half strength sabouraud 's dextrose agar yeast extract ( sday ) agar plates ( dextrose 20 g , peptone 5 g , yeast extract 5 g and agar 15 g per 1,000 ml ; ph 5.6 ) .
mycelial discs ( 4 mm ) from the peripheral region of the two - week old agar cultures were inoculated in flasks of sday broths ( sday without agar ) and incubated in stationary condition under light for three days .
the culture suspension was diluted in 1.8 ml eppendorf tubes in different grades and then plated in wa plates .
after two days of incubation , single conidial colonies were isolated from the wa plates through a zeiss dissecting microscope stemi sv11 ( zeiss ) and transferred to half - strength sday agar plates .
all of the eight single conidial isolates , efcc 13188 - 1 to efcc 13188 - 8 incubated for the induction of fruiting bodies , following the method of shrestha et al . .
after regular observations until fifty - five days of incubations , very surprisingly only few combinations , including two single inoculations , produced perithecial stromata ( table 1 , fig .
perithecial stromata produced from b. bassiana isolates were compared with those of c. bassiana [ 5 , 7 ] .
similarly , conidial structures of b. bassiana efcc 13188 were compared with those of c. bassiana 12511 ( fig .
all of the eight single conidial isolates of b. bassiana efcc 13188 and four single ascospore isolates of c. bassiana efcc 12511a  b   were inoculated in brown rice medium in all possible combinations of two isolates at a time to observe the nature of fruiting bodies ( table 2 ) .
single conidial isolates of b. bassiana efcc 13188 were similar to c. bassiana efcc 12511 isolates   with regard to colony pigmentation and texture .
three combinations of isolates of b. bassiana efcc 13188 - 1  5 , 3  8 , and 5  8 produced perithecial stromata ( table 1 , fig .
2 ) . isolate efcc 13188 - 4 produced perithecial stromata when inoculated in single as well as in combinations with isolates efcc 13188 - 1 , 5 , 6 , and 7 , but not with isolates efcc 13188 - 2 , 3 , and 8 ( table 1 ) .
however , isolate efcc 13188 - 2 produced perithecial stromata in single , but produced no perithecial stromata with any other isolates of b. bassiana ( table 1 ) .
it could not be understood if co - inoculations of two isolates suppressed fruiting body formation or not .
mating type was found to be very variable among the isolates , which is in contrast with c. militaris that shows more stable mating types .
thus , despite the formation of perithecial stromata , b. bassiana isolates could not be separated into distinct mating types .
this may be due to the dominance of an asexual life cycle in b. bassiana .
morphological characteristics of perithecial fruiting bodies produced from b. bassiana efcc 13188 isolates were compared with those of c. bassiana .
the stromatal characteristics and size of perithecia and ascospores were within the range of c. bassiana , as reported by li et al . and sung et al .  
conidial structures of b. bassiana efcc 13188 were also similar to those of c. bassiana efcc 12511 ( fig .
four out - crossings between b. bassiana and c. bassiana , efcc 13188 - 1  efcc 12511a  b 3 , efcc 13188 - 2  12511a  b 3 , efcc 13188 - 6 
12511a  b 4 and efcc 13188 - 7  12511a  b 2 , produced perithecial stromata ( table 2 , fig .
interestingly , b. bassiana isolate efcc 13188 - 2 produced no perithecial stromata with any other sister isolates of b. bassiana 13188 ( table 1 ) , but it produced perithecial stromata with c. bassiana efcc 12511a  b 3 ( table 2 , fig .
out - crossing between efcc 13188 - 7  efcc 12511a  b 2 showed excellent fertile fruiting body production ( fig .
5d ) . mating types of both b. bassiana efcc 13188 and c. bassiana efcc 12511a  b isolates could not be verified from out - crossings .
it is quite difficult to study also mating system of rare cordyceps species , such as c. bassiana . from the present study
, it has been shown that hyphomycetous entomopathogenic fungi can induce the production of teleomorphic states of cordyceps under the suitable nutritional and environmental conditions .
single conidial isolates of b. bassiana efcc 13188 were similar to c. bassiana efcc 12511 isolates   with regard to colony pigmentation and texture .
three combinations of isolates of b. bassiana efcc 13188 - 1  5 , 3  8 , and 5  8 produced perithecial stromata ( table 1 , fig .
2 ) . isolate efcc 13188 - 4 produced perithecial stromata when inoculated in single as well as in combinations with isolates efcc 13188 - 1 , 5 , 6 , and 7 , but not with isolates efcc 13188 - 2 , 3 , and 8 ( table 1 ) .
however , isolate efcc 13188 - 2 produced perithecial stromata in single , but produced no perithecial stromata with any other isolates of b. bassiana ( table 1 ) .
it could not be understood if co - inoculations of two isolates suppressed fruiting body formation or not .
mating type was found to be very variable among the isolates , which is in contrast with c. militaris that shows more stable mating types .
thus , despite the formation of perithecial stromata , b. bassiana isolates could not be separated into distinct mating types .
this may be due to the dominance of an asexual life cycle in b. bassiana .
morphological characteristics of perithecial fruiting bodies produced from b. bassiana efcc 13188 isolates were compared with those of c. bassiana .
the stromatal characteristics and size of perithecia and ascospores were within the range of c. bassiana , as reported by li et al . and sung et al .  
conidial structures of b. bassiana efcc 13188 were also similar to those of c. bassiana efcc 12511 ( fig .
four out - crossings between b. bassiana and c. bassiana , efcc 13188 - 1  efcc 12511a  b 3 , efcc 13188 - 2  12511a  b 3 , efcc 13188 - 6 
interestingly , b. bassiana isolate efcc 13188 - 2 produced no perithecial stromata with any other sister isolates of b. bassiana 13188 ( table 1 ) , but it produced perithecial stromata with c. bassiana efcc 12511a  b 3 ( table 2 , fig .
out - crossing between efcc 13188 - 7  efcc 12511a  b 2 showed excellent fertile fruiting body production ( fig .
mating types of both b. bassiana efcc 13188 and c. bassiana efcc 12511a  b isolates could not be verified from out - crossings .
it is quite difficult to study also mating system of rare cordyceps species , such as c. bassiana . from the present study
, it has been shown that hyphomycetous entomopathogenic fungi can induce the production of teleomorphic states of cordyceps under the suitable nutritional and environmental conditions .
 a specimen of beauveria bassiana was collected from yang - yang of gangwon province , korea in october 2006 . 
 conidial isolates were prepared from the specimen by the dilution method and inoculated in brown rice medium for fruiting body production . 
 after nearly two months incubation for perithecial stromata developed from single isolates as well as from their combinations . 
 they were determined as cordyceps bassiana by observing the stromatal characters and their conidial structures . 
 this is the first report of the development of c. bassiana from b. bassiana cultures . 