---
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paperswithcode_id: lichess_uci
pretty_name: Lichess.org Database in UCI format
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- config_name: 201904-headers
features:
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dtype: string
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features:
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dtype: string
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- config_name: 202401-combined
features:
- name: Event
dtype: string
- name: Site
dtype: string
- name: White
dtype: string
- name: Black
dtype: string
- name: Result
dtype: string
- name: UTCDate
dtype: date32
- name: UTCTime
dtype: time64[us]
- name: WhiteElo
dtype: int64
- name: BlackElo
dtype: int64
- name: WhiteRatingDiff
dtype: float64
- name: BlackRatingDiff
dtype: float64
- name: ECO
dtype: string
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dtype: string
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dtype: string
- name: Transcript
dtype: string
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description: '"The dataset contains games from the Lichess.org open database converted
from PGN format to UCI format. It is divided into two main configurations: `moves`
and `headers`. The `moves` configuration includes a UUID called `site` and the UCI
moves in a column called `transcript`, while the `headers` configuration includes
metadata such as player ELO ratings, game outcome, and dates. The data is subset
based on the year and month (yyyymm format)." '
configs:
- config_name: 201301-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201301/train-*
- config_name: 201301-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201301-*
default: true
- config_name: 201302-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201302/train-*
- config_name: 201302-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201302-*
- config_name: 201303-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201303/train-*
- config_name: 201303-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201303-*
- config_name: 201304-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201304/train-*
- config_name: 201304-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201304-*
- config_name: 201305-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201305/train-*
- config_name: 201305-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201305-*
- config_name: 201306-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201306/train-*
- config_name: 201306-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201306-*
- config_name: 201307-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201307/train-*
- config_name: 201307-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201307-*
- config_name: 201308-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201308/train-*
- config_name: 201308-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201308-*
- config_name: 201309-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201309/train-*
- config_name: 201309-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201309-*
- config_name: 201310-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201310/train-*
- config_name: 201310-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201310-*
- config_name: 201311-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201311/train-*
- config_name: 201311-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201311-*
- config_name: 201312-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201312/train-*
- config_name: 201312-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201312-*
- config_name: 201401-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201401-*
- config_name: 201402-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201402/train-*
- config_name: 201402-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201402-*
- config_name: 201403-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201403/train-*
- config_name: 201403-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201403-*
- config_name: 201404-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201404/train-*
- config_name: 201404-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201404-*
- config_name: 201405-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201405/train-*
- config_name: 201405-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201405-*
- config_name: 201406-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201406/train-*
- config_name: 201406-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201406-*
- config_name: 201407-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201407/train-*
- config_name: 201407-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201407-*
- config_name: 201408-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201408/train-*
- config_name: 201408-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201408-*
- config_name: 201409-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201409/train-*
- config_name: 201409-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201409-*
- config_name: 201410-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201410/train-*
- config_name: 201410-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201410-*
- config_name: 201411-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201411/train-*
- config_name: 201411-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201411-*
- config_name: 201412-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201412/train-*
- config_name: 201412-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201412-*
- config_name: 201501-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201501/train-*
- config_name: 201501-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201501-*
- config_name: 201502-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201502/train-*
- config_name: 201502-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201502-*
- config_name: 201503-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201503/train-*
- config_name: 201503-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201503-*
- config_name: 201504-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201504/train-*
- config_name: 201504-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201504-*
- config_name: 201505-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201505/train-*
- config_name: 201505-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201505-*
- config_name: 201506-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201506/train-*
- config_name: 201506-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201506-*
- config_name: 201507-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201507/train-*
- config_name: 201507-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201507-*
- config_name: 201508-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201508/train-*
- config_name: 201508-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201508-*
- config_name: 201509-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201509/train-*
- config_name: 201509-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201509-*
- config_name: 201510-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201510/train-*
- config_name: 201510-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201510-*
- config_name: 201511-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201511/train-*
- config_name: 201511-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201511-*
- config_name: 201512-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201512/train-*
- config_name: 201512-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201512-*
- config_name: 201601-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201601/train-*
- config_name: 201601-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201601-*
- config_name: 201602-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201602/train-*
- config_name: 201602-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201602-*
- config_name: 201603-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201603/train-*
- config_name: 201603-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201603-*
- config_name: 201604-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201604/train-*
- config_name: 201604-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201604-*
- config_name: 201605-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201605/train-*
- config_name: 201605-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201605-*
- config_name: 201606-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201606/train-*
- config_name: 201606-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201606-*
- config_name: 201607-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201607/train-*
- config_name: 201607-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201607-*
- config_name: 201608-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201608/train-*
- config_name: 201608-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201608-*
- config_name: 201609-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201609/train-*
- config_name: 201609-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201609-*
- config_name: 201610-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201610/train-*
- config_name: 201610-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201610-*
- config_name: 201611-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201611/train-*
- config_name: 201611-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201611-*
- config_name: 201612-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201612/train-*
- config_name: 201612-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201612-*
- config_name: 201701-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201701/train-*
- config_name: 201701-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201701-*
- config_name: 201702-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201702/train-*
- config_name: 201702-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201702-*
- config_name: 201703-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201703/train-*
- config_name: 201703-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201703-*
- config_name: 201704-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201704/train-*
- config_name: 201704-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201704-*
- config_name: 201705-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201705/train-*
- config_name: 201705-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201705-*
- config_name: 201706-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201706/train-*
- config_name: 201706-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201706-*
- config_name: 201707-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201707/train-*
- config_name: 201707-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201707-*
- config_name: 201708-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201708/train-*
- config_name: 201708-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201708-*
- config_name: 201709-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201709/train-*
- config_name: 201709-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201709-*
- config_name: 201710-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201710/train-*
- config_name: 201710-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201710-*
- config_name: 201711-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201711/train-*
- config_name: 201711-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201711-*
- config_name: 201712-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201712/train-*
- config_name: 201712-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201712-*
- config_name: 201801-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201801/train-*
- config_name: 201801-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201801-*
- config_name: 201802-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201802/train-*
- config_name: 201802-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201802-*
- config_name: 201803-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201803/train-*
- config_name: 201803-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201803-*
- config_name: 201804-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201804/train-*
- config_name: 201804-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201804-*
- config_name: 201805-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201805/train-*
- config_name: 201805-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201805-*
- config_name: 201806-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201806/train-*
- config_name: 201806-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201806-*
- config_name: 201807-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201807/train-*
- config_name: 201807-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201807-*
- config_name: 201808-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201808/train-*
- config_name: 201808-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201808-*
- config_name: 201809-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201809/train-*
- config_name: 201809-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201809-*
- config_name: 201810-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201810/train-*
- config_name: 201810-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201810-*
- config_name: 201811-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201811/train-*
- config_name: 201811-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201811-*
- config_name: 201812-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201812/train-*
- config_name: 201812-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201812-*
- config_name: 201901-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201901-*
- config_name: 201902-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201902/train-*
- config_name: 201902-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201902-*
- config_name: 201903-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201903/train-*
- config_name: 201903-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201903-*
- config_name: 201904-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201904/train-*
- config_name: 201904-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201904-*
- config_name: 201905-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201905-*
- config_name: 201906-headers
data_files:
- split: train
path: headers/201906/train-*
- config_name: 201906-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201906-*
- config_name: 201907-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201907-*
- config_name: 201908-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201908-*
- config_name: 201909-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201909-*
- config_name: 201910-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201910-*
- config_name: 201911-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201911-*
- config_name: 201912-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/201912-*
- config_name: 202001-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202001-*
- config_name: 202002-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202002-*
- config_name: 202003-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202003-*
- config_name: 202004-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202004-*
- config_name: 202005-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202005-*
- config_name: 202006-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202006-*
- config_name: 202007-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202007-*
- config_name: 202008-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202008-*
- config_name: 202009-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202009-*
- config_name: 202010-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202010-*
- config_name: 202011-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202011-*
- config_name: 202012-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202012-*
- config_name: 202101-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202101-*
- config_name: 202102-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202102-*
- config_name: 202103-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202103-*
- config_name: 202104-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202104-*
- config_name: 202105-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202105-*
- config_name: 202106-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202106-*
- config_name: 202107-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202107-*
- config_name: 202108-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202108-*
- config_name: 202109-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202109-*
- config_name: 202110-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202110-*
- config_name: 202111-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202111-*
- config_name: 202112-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202112-*
- config_name: 202201-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202201-*
- config_name: 202202-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202202-*
- config_name: 202203-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202203-*
- config_name: 202204-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202204-*
- config_name: 202205-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202205-*
- config_name: 202206-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202206-*
- config_name: 202207-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202207-*
- config_name: 202208-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202208-*
- config_name: 202209-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202209-*
- config_name: 202210-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202210-*
- config_name: 202211-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202211-*
- config_name: 202212-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202212-*
- config_name: 202301-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202301-*
- config_name: 202302-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202302-*
- config_name: 202303-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202303-*
- config_name: 202304-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202304-*
- config_name: 202305-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202305-*
- config_name: 202306-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202306-*
- config_name: 202307-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202307-*
- config_name: 202308-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202308-*
- config_name: 202309-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202309-*
- config_name: 202310-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202310-*
- config_name: 202311-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202311-*
- config_name: 202312-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202312-*
- config_name: 202401-combined
data_files:
- split: train
path: combined/202401/train-*
- config_name: 202401-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202401-*
- config_name: 202402-moves
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/202402-*
example:
moves:
site: xxxxxxx
transcript: e2e4 e7e5 g1f3 b8c6
headers:
event: Rated Blitz game
site: xxxxxxx
white: player1
black: player2
result: 1-0
utcdate: '2023-05-21'
utctime: '13:45:00'
whiteelo: 1500
blackelo: 1400
whiteratingdiff: 10
blackratingdiff: -10
eco: C50
opening: Italian Game
timecontrol: 300+0
termination: Normal
---
# Dataset Card for Lichess.org Database in UCI format
## Table of Contents
- [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)
- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
- [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
- [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards)
- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
- [Data Instances](#data-instances)
- [Data Fields](#data-fields)
- [Data Splits](#data-splits)
- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation)
- [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale)
- [Source Data](#source-data)
- [Annotations](#annotations)
- [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information)
- [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data)
- [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset)
- [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases)
- [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations)
- [Additional Information](#additional-information)
- [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators)
- [Licensing Information](#licensing-information)
- [Citation Information](#citation-information)
- [Contributions](#contributions)
## Dataset Description
<!--
- **Homepage:** [Lichess.org Database](https://database.lichess.org/)
- **Repository:** [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/lichess-org/database)
- **Paper:** N/A
- **Leaderboard:** N/A
- **Point of Contact:** [Contact Lichess](https://lichess.org/contact) -->
### Dataset Summary
The Lichess.org database has been converted to UCI format, making it easier to analyze and interpret chess games.
The `moves` configuration captures the sequence of moves using UCI notation, and the `headers` configuration provides
comprehensive metadata for each game, enabling detailed statistical and strategic analysis. The data is subset based on
the year and month (yyyymm format) the games took place.
### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
This dataset supports tasks related to chess game analysis, including move prediction, game outcome prediction, performance
analysis, and opening strategy evaluation. There are no formal leaderboards associated with this dataset.
## Dataset Structure
### Data Instances
An example from the `moves` configuration:
```json
{
"site": "abcd1234",
"transcript": "e2e4 e7e5 g1f3 b8c6"
}
```
An example from the `headers` configuration:
```json
{
"event": "Rated Blitz game",
"site": "abcd1234",
"white": "player1",
"black": "player2",
"result": "1-0",
"utcdate": "2023-05-21",
"utctime": "13:45:00",
"whiteelo": 1500,
"blackelo": 1400,
"whiteratingdiff": 10,
"blackratingdiff": -10,
"eco": "C50",
"opening": "Italian Game",
"timecontrol": "300+0",
"termination": "Normal"
}
```
### Data Fields
#### Moves Configuration:
- `site`: string, unique identifier for the game. Replays can be viewed by navigating to `https://lichess.org/<site>`
- `transcript`: string, sequence of moves in UCI format.
#### Headers Configuration:
- `event`: string, type of event.
- `site`: string, unique identifier for the game.
- `white`: string, white player.
- `black`: string, black player.
- `result`: string, game result.
- `utcdate`: date32, date of the game.
- `utctime`: time64[us], time of the game.
- `whiteelo`: int64, ELO rating of the white player.
- `blackelo`: int64, ELO rating of the black player.
- `whiteratingdiff`: float64, rating change for the white player.
- `blackratingdiff`: float64, rating change for the black player.
- `eco`: string, ECO code of the opening.
- `opening`: string, name of the opening.
- `timecontrol`: string, time control format.
- `termination`: string, reason for game termination.
### Data Splits
The dataset is divided into monthly splits based on the year and month (yyyymm format). Each split contains both `moves` and `headers` configurations.
## Dataset Creation
### Curation Rationale
The dataset was curated to facilitate research and analysis that use chess games, providing both move sequences and comprehensive metadata.
### Source Data
#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization
The data was collected from the Lichess.org open database, converted from PGN format to UCI format, and organized into `moves` and `headers` configurations.
#### Who are the source data producers?
The source data comes from games played on Lichess.org, an online platform where users from around the world play chess.
This database does not distinguish between human-and bot-played games.
However, it's reasonable to assume games played before April 2018 were overwhelmingly played by human players since Lichess.org
released its [bot api](https://github.com/lichess-org/api) on April 1st, 2018.
### Annotations
#### Annotation process
The annotations include metadata such as player ELO ratings, game outcomes, and dates, which were extracted from the original
PGN files and normalized into a structured format.
#### Who are the annotators?
The annotations were generated by the Lichess.org platform and curated by the dataset creators.
### Personal and Sensitive Information
The dataset does not contain any personal or sensitive information.
## Considerations for Using the Data
### Social Impact of Dataset
The dataset can be used to improve chess engines, develop training tools for players, and conduct research in game theory and artificial intelligence.
### Discussion of Biases
The dataset may have biases related to the demographics of Lichess.org users, such as skill level distribution and regional representation.
### Other Known Limitations
The dataset is limited to games played on Lichess.org and may not represent the broader chess-playing population.
## Additional Information
### Dataset Curators
The dataset was curated by the Lichess.org team and contributors.
### Licensing Information
The dataset is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license.
### Citation Information
If you use this dataset, please cite it as follows:
```
@misc{lichess_uci,
author = {Davis, Austin L.},
title = {Lichess.org Database in UCI format},
year = {2023},
howpublished = {\url{https://database.lichess.org/}},
}
```
### Contributions
Thanks to [@austinleedavis](https://github.com/austinleedavis) for adding this dataset.