To date, four species of simian malaria parasites includingPlasmodium knowlesi,P. cynomolgi,P. inuiandP. fieldihave been incriminated in human infections in Thailand. Although the prevalence of malaria in macaque natural hosts has been investigated, their vectors remain unknown in this country. Herein, we performed a survey ofAnophelesmosquitoes during rainy and dry seasons in Narathiwat Province, Southern Thailand. Altogether 367Anophelesmosquitoes were captured for 40 nights during 18:00 to 06:00 h by using human-landing catches. Based on morphological and molecular identification, species composition comprisedAn. maculatus(37.06%),An. barbirostriss.l. (31.34%),An. latens(17.71%),An. introlatus(10.08%) and others (3.81%) includingAn. umbrosuss.l.,An. minimus,An. hyrcanuss.l.,An. aconitus, An. macarthuriandAn.kochi. Analyses of individual mosquitoes by PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic inference of the mitochondrial cytochrome genes of both malaria parasites and mosquitoes have revealed that the salivary gland samples ofAn. latensharboredP. knowlesi(n = 1),P. inui(n = 2),P. fieldi(n = 1),P. coatneyi(n = 1),P. hylobati(n = 1) and an unnamedPlasmodiumspecies known to infect both long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques (n = 2). The salivary glands ofAn. introlatuspossessedP. cynomolgi(n = 1),P. inui(n = 1),P. hylobati(n = 1) and coexistence ofP. knowlesiandP. inui(n = 1). An avian malaria parasiteP. juxtanuclearehas been identified in the salivary gland sample ofAn. latens. Three other distinct lineages ofPlasmodiumwith phylogenetic affinity to avian malaria species were detected inAn. latens,An. introlatusandAn. macarthuri. Interestingly, the salivary gland sample ofAn. maculatuscontainedP. caprae, an ungulate malaria parasite known to infect domestic goats. Most infected mosquitoes harbored multiclonalPlasmodiuminfections. AllPlasmodium-infected mosquitoes were captured during the first quarter of the night and predominantly occurred during rainy season. Since simian malaria in humans has a wide geographic distribution in Thailand, further studies in other endemic areas of the country are mandatory for understanding transmission and prevention of zoonotic malaria.