Key PointsQuestionWhat are outcomes associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use during pregnancy or post partum in patients with COVID-19?FindingsIn this multicenter retrospective cohort study that included 100 pregnant and postpartum patients, there were 16 maternal deaths, and most patients (76%) had 1 or more serious morbidity events.MeaningAlthough most pregnant or postpartum patients who require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe COVID-19 experience a serious morbidity event, these findings suggest that the vast majority will survive.