Curcuma aeruginosaRoxb. is an Indonesian traditional medicinal plant of the Zingiberaceae family.C. aeruginosais known to have anticancer activity, especially in the rhizomes. Despite many studies on the phytochemical content of this plant with antioxidant and anticancer activity, transcriptomic studies are still limited in terms of genetic information. We ran transcriptome ofCurcuma aeruginosausing a paired-end Illumina NextSeq 550 with PE150 mode and generating 12.8 GB of raw data. Raw reads have been filed with NCBI under project number PRJNA918644. This dataset allowed us to identify genes associated with biosynthetic pathways of anticancer drugs. Transcriptome data can also be used to develop new EST-SSR and SNP markers for use in plant breeding programs.