Dispersal is a key process in ecology and evolutionary biology, as it shapes biodiversity patterns over space and time. Attitude to disperse is unevenly distributed among individuals within populations, and that individual personality can have pivotal roles in the shaping of this attitude. Here, we assembled and annotated the firstde novotranscriptome of the head tissues ofSalamandra salamandrafrom individuals, representative of distinct behavioral profiles. We obtained 1,153,432,918 reads, which were successfully assembled and annotated. The high-quality of the assembly was confirmed by three assembly validators. The alignment of contigs against thede novotranscriptome led to a mapping percentage higher than 94%. The homology annotation with DIAMOND led to 153,048 (blastx) and 95,942 (blastp) shared contigs, annotated on NR, Swiss-Prot and TrEMBL. The domain and site protein prediction led to 9850 GO-annotated contigs. Thisde novotranscriptome represents reliable reference for comparative gene expression studies between alternative behavioral types, for comparative gene expression studies within Salamandra, and for whole transcriptome and proteome studies in amphibians.