Morocco is known to harbor two of the world’s most dangerous scorpion species: the blackAndroctonus mauritanicus(Am) and the yellowButhus occitanus(Bo), responsible for 83% and 14% of severe envenomation cases, respectively. Scorpion venom is a mixture of biological molecules of variable structures and activities, most of which are proteins of low molecular weights referred to as toxins. In addition to toxins, scorpion venoms also contain biogenic amines, polyamines, and enzymes. With the aim of investigating the composition of theAmandBovenoms, we conducted an analysis of the venoms by mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) after separation by reversed-phase HPLC chromatography. Results from a total of 19 fractions obtained for theAmvenom versus 22 fractions for theBovenom allowed the identification of approximately 410 and 252 molecular masses, respectively. In both venoms, the most abundant toxins were found to range between 2–5 kDa and 6–8 kDa. This proteomic analysis not only allowed the drawing of an extensive mass fingerprint of theAndroctonus mauritanicusandButhus occitanusvenoms but also provided a better insight into the nature of their toxins.