Majority of anthropogenic air pollutants enter the atmosphere as a result of material combustion, industrial production and transport. Fires not only cause air pollution, but also disrupt ecosystems. Knowledge of the flammability parameters and proper flame-retardant modification of materials hinders the origin and spread of a fire, while also protecting against air pollution. The aim of this study was to obtain fire-retardant modifications of the epoxy resin, and then to analyse the effect of the introduced additives on the rate of heat release, the thermokinetic properties and the toxicity of volatile combustible products. The modifiers of the epoxy resin were organophosphorus compounds and aluminium and magnesium hydroxides, with a grain size of 10 nm. The introduced additives were found to be effective flame retardants as they reduced the rate of heat release and the amounts of toxic products of thermal decomposition and combustion. The HRRmaxand HRRavvalues of all fire-retardant modifications were lower compared to the corresponding HRR values of the unmodified epoxy material.