Chitosan and lignin
mixed nanoparticles were prepared
by layer-by-layer
and nanoprecipitation methodologies as responsive platforms for sustainable
biosensors. The novel nanoparticles showed effective chemophysical
and electrochemical properties dependent on the preparation methodology,
molecular weight of chitosan, and type of lignin. HOMO–LUMO
energy gap calculations suggested the presence of structure–activity
relationships between the electrochemical responsiveness and the order
and orientation of lignin aromatic subunits and chitosan chains in
the nanodevices.