Simple SummaryIn recent years, ophthalmology has witnessed groundbreaking advancements in the utilisation of stem cells to revolutionise the treatment of various ocular disorders. Stem cells, with their unique ability to differentiate into specialised cell types, hold immense potential for restoring vision and healing damaged tissues. The ability to stop or even reverse vision loss through stem cell therapies could significantly enhance patients’ quality of life and reduce the burden on healthcare systems. In addition, the ocular accessibility, availability of non-invasive follow-up, and immunological privilege of the eye tissues are driving the development of SC use in ophthalmology. We believe that regular reports on the proven applications of stem cells will certainly sooner or later change the patterns of conduct in today’s ophthalmology. This study serves to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest advancements in the utilisation of stem cells in the field of ophthalmology.AbstractThe use of stem cells (SCs) has emerged as a promising avenue in ophthalmology, offering potential therapeutic solutions for various vision impairments and degenerative eye diseases. SCs possess the unique ability to self-renew and differentiate into specialised cell types, making them valuable tools for repairing damaged tissues and restoring visual function. Stem cell-based therapies hold significant potential for addressing conditions such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), corneal disorders, and optic nerve damage. Therefore, researchers have explored different sources of stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESC), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and adult stem cells, for ocular tissue regeneration. Preclinical studies and early-phase clinical trials have demonstrated promising outcomes, with some patients experiencing improved vision following stem cell-based interventions. However, several challenges remain, including optimising the differentiation protocols, ensuring transplanted cells’ safety and long-term viability, and developing effective delivery methods. The field of stem cell research in ophthalmology witnesses a constant influx of new reports and discoveries. To effectively navigate these tons of information, it becomes crucial to summarise and systematise these findings periodically. In light of recent discoveries, this paper demonstrates the potential applications of stem cells in ophthalmology, focusing on their use in various eye tissues, including the cornea, retina, conjunctiva, iris, trabecular meshwork, lens, ciliary body, sclera, and orbital fat.