BackgroundPeople with stroke generally experience abnormal muscle activity and develop balance disorder. Based on the important role of the proximal joints of the lower extremity in balance maintenance, hip joint mobilization with movement technique can be applied to enhance normal joint arthrokinematics. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of hip joint mobilization with movement technique on stroke patients’ muscle activity and balance.MethodsTwenty patients aged between 35 and 65 years old with chronic stroke were randomly assigned either to an experimental group (n = 10) or to a control group (n = 10). Both groups participated in a 30-minute conventional physiotherapy session 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The experimental group received an additional 30-minute’s session of hip joint mobilization with movement technique on the affected limb. The muscle activity, berg balance scale, time up and go, and postural stability were measured at baseline, 1-day and 2-week follow-up by a blinded assessor.ResultsThe experimental group showed a significant improvement in berg balance scale, time up and go, and postural stability (p ≤ 0.05). The rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, biceps femoris, and medial gastrocnemius muscles’ activations of the affected limb during static balance test markedly changed along with the biceps femoris, erector spine, rectus femoris, and tibialis anterior muscles during dynamic balance test after hip joint mobilization with movement technique. The mean onset time of rectus abdominus, erector Spine, rectus femoris, and tibialis anterior muscles activity significantly decreased in the affected limb after hip joint mobilization with movement technique compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggest that a combination of hip joint mobilization with movement technique and conventional physiotherapy could improve muscle activity and balance among chronic stroke patients.Trial registration numberThe study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (No; IRCT20200613047759N1). Registration date: 2/08/2020.