ObjectiveTo analyze the bioelectrical impedance parameters of the lower limbs of individuals with hip osteoarthritis and healthy individuals.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThe study was carried out at the Hip Surgery Outpatient Clinic.ParticipantsThe volunteers had to be between 45 and 70 years of age, of both sexes, with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of hip osteoarthritis for at least three years, unilateral involvement, or a significant complaint in one hip.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. Fifty-four individuals were recruited for the study, 31 individuals with hip osteoarthritis (OA group) and 29 healthy individuals for the control group (C group). Demographic and anthropometric data were collected and then the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, WOMAC, Harris Hip Score, and bioimpedance assessment were applied.Main outcome measure(s)Electrical bioimpedance parameters. Phase angle (PhA), impedance, reactance, and muscle mass.ResultsThere was a significant difference in phase angle (PhA), impedance, and muscle mass at 50 kHz frequency on the side affected by OA when compared to the contralateral side. In the OA group, there was a significant decrease in phase angle (PhA) -0.54 (-0.85 to -0.23) and muscle mass − 0.29 (-0.40 to -0,19), as well as an increase in impedance at the 50 kHz frequency on the side affected by OA when compared to contralateral side 21.71 (13.69 to 29.74). In the C group, there was no difference between the dominant and non-dominant sides (P > 0.05).ConclusionThe segmental electrical bioimpedance equipment can detect differences between limbs affected and unaffected by hip osteoarthritis.