BackgroundIn this study, the effect of postoperative early nutritional supplementation on the course of the disease was investigated in patients who were operated for non-small cell lung cancer and received adjuvant chemotherapy.MethodsThe study examined the data of patients who anatomical pulmonary resection for non-small cell lung cancer and who were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy at our clinic between January 2014 and January 2020. Patients who received early postoperative nutritional supplements and those who continued with a normal diet were compared in terms of complications, mortality, recurrence, and survival.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 68 (84%) male and 13 (16%) female patients, and the mean duration of postoperative follow-up was 31.6 ± 17.9 (4–75) months. Metastasis was identified in eight (17.4%) patients in GrupNS (Nutritional Supplements)compared to 10 (28.6%) patients in GroupC (Control)(p= 0.231). Of the total, 11 (23.9%) patients died in GroupNScompared to 13 (37.1%) in GroupC(p= 0.196). Mean survival was 58.9 ± 3.8 (95%CI: 4.0–75.0) months in GroupNScompared to 43.5 ± 4.6 (95%CI: 6.0–66.0) months in GroupC(p= 0.045).ConclusionEarly nutritional supplements should be considered as having a positive effect especially on survival in this specific patient group involving factors with high catabolic effects, such as neoplasia, operation, and chemotherapy together.