ObjectiveThe present study is a systematic review of the literature to assess whether the presence of endometriosis determines or contributes to adverse obstetric outcomes.Data SourcesThe present work was carried out at the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, state of São Paulo, Brazil, in accordance to the PRISMA methodology for systematic reviews. A review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The keywords used were:pregnancyoutcome,pregnancycomplications,obstetricalcomplications,obstetrics,obstetricoutcomesandendometriosis. The survey was further completed by a manually executed review of cross-referenced articles, which was last performed on November 30, 2018.Selection of studiesThe survey disclosed a total of 2,468 articles, published from May 1946 to October 2017. A total of 18 studies were selected to be further classified according to their quality and relevance.Data CollectionThe Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used for classification. Five studies of greater impact and superior evidence quality and 13 studies of moderate evidence quality were selected. We analyzed the studies for the characteristics of their patients plus how endometriosis was diagnosed and their respective obstetric outcomes taking into account their statistical relevance.Data SynthesisAnalyses of the higher impact and better quality studies have shown high incidence of preterm birth and placenta previa in patients with endometriosis.ConclusionPlacenta previa and preterm birth are the most statistically significant outcomes related to endometriosis, as indicated by our systematic review. The present information is useful to alert obstetricians and patients about possible unfavorable obstetric outcomes.