Graphical AbstractSummary:Residual feed intake (RFI) is typically obtained as the difference between dry matter intake (DMI) observations and predictions from regression on known energy sinks, and effects of parity, days in milk, and cohort. Understanding the impact of parity on RFI estimation is important because variation across parities might affect the estimation of RFI phenotypes and, hence, the prediction of RFI breeding values. To investigate this, we calculated RFI considering the energy sinks nested or not nested (constant) within parity using weekly records of 5,813 lactating Holstein cows collected from 2007 to 2022 in the United States. In addition, genetic correlations between weekly RFI for parities 1, 2, and 3 were estimated using bivariate repeatability animal models as the genetic breeding values for RFI in each parity. Our results showed that nesting energy sinks within parity when computing RFI improves model goodness of fit, but the impact on the RFI phenotypes and the estimated breeding values appears to be minimal.