Abstract.SignificanceThe shortwave infrared (SWIR,∼900to 2000 nm) holds promise for label-free measurements of water and lipid content in thick tissue, owed to the chromophore-specific absorption features and low scattering in this range.In vivowater and lipid estimations have potential applications including the monitoring of hydration, volume status, edema, body composition, weight loss, and cancer. To the best of our knowledge, there are currently no point-of-care or wearable devices available that exploit the SWIR wavelength range, limiting clinical and at-home translation of this technology.AimTo design and fabricate a diffuse optical wearable SWIR probe for water and lipid quantification in tissue.ApproachSimulations were first performed to confirm the theoretical advantage of SWIR wavelengths over near infrared (NIR). The probe was then fabricated, consisting of light emitting diodes at three wavelengths (980, 1200, 1300 nm) and four source-detector (S-D) separations (7, 10, 13, 16 mm).In vitrovalidation was then performed on emulsion phantoms containing varying concentrations of water, lipid, and deuterium oxide (D2O). A deep neural network was developed as the inverse model for quantity estimation.ResultsSimulations indicated that SWIR wavelengths could reduce theoretical water and lipid extraction errors from∼6%to∼1%when compared to NIR wavelengths. The SWIR probe had good signal-to-noise ratio (>32dBup to 10 mm S-D) and low drift (<1.1%up to 10 mm S-D). Quantification error in emulsion phantoms was2.1±1.1%for water and−1.2±1.5%for lipid. Water estimation during aD2Odilution experiment had an error of3.1±3.7%.ConclusionsThis diffuse optical SWIR probe was able to quantify water and lipid contentsin vitrowith good accuracy, opening the door to human investigations.