ObjectiveThe oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) technique is a promising interbody fusion technique. This study summarizes the technical aspects of OLIF as a salvage surgery and the preliminary outcomes of a series of cases.Patients and methodsA retrospective review of patients with leg or back pain induced by pseudoarthrosis or adjacent segment disease after posterior lumbar interbody fusion/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion was done. These patients underwent salvage OLIF surgeries in our institution from January 2021 to March 2022. Variables such as the demographic, clinical, surgical, and radiological characteristics of the enrolled patients were recorded and analyzed.ResultsEight patients (five females and three males; mean age 69.1 ± 5.7 years, range 63–80 years) were enrolled in this study. The mean operative time was 286.25 min (range: 230–440 min), and the estimated blood loss was 90 ml (range: 50–150 ml). Only one of the eight patients experienced a complication of lower limb motor weakness, which disappeared within 5 days after surgery. The latest data showed that the mean intervertebral space height increased from 8.36 mm preoperatively to 12.70 mm and the mean segmentary lordosis increased from 8.92° preoperatively to 15.05°. Bone fusion was achieved in all but one patient, who was followed up for only 3 months. The JOA scores Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) Scores for low back pain of all patients significantly improved at the final follow-up.ConclusionOLIF provides a safe and effective salvage strategy for patients with failed posterior intervertebral fusion surgery. Patients effectively recovered intervertebral and foraminal height with no additional posterior direct decompression.