To solve the taxonomic affiliation ofBulbophyllum physometrum, the only known species of theBulbophyllymsect.Physometra(Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae), we conducted phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear markers, i.e., ITS and the low-copy geneXdh, and the plastid regionmatK. We used AsianBulbophyllumtaxa, with a special focus on species from the sectionsLemniscataandBlepharistes, i.e., the only Asian sections of this genus with bifoliate pseudobulbs, as inB.physometrum. Unexpectedly, the results of molecular phylogenetic analyses showed thatB.physometrumis most probably more related to the representatives of the sectionsHirtulaandSestochilosthanBlepharistesorLemniscata.