The Asteraceae is the largest angiosperm family with more than 25,000 species. Individual studies have shown thatMADS-boxandTCPtranscription factors are regulators of the development and symmetry of flowers, contributing to their iconic flower-head (capitulum) and floret. However, a systematic study ofMADS-boxandTCPgenes across the Asteraceae is lacking. We performed a comparative analysis of genome sequences of 33 angiosperm species including ourde novoassembly of diploid sexual dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) and 11 other Asteraceae to investigate the lineage-specific evolution ofMADS-boxandTCPgenes in the Asteraceae. We compared the phylogenomic results ofMADS-boxandTCPgenes with their expression inT. officinalefloral tissues at different developmental stages to demonstrate the regulation of genes with Asteraceae-specific attributes. Here, we show thatMADS-box MIKCcandTCP-CYCLOIDEA(CYC) genes have expanded in the Asteraceae. The phylogenomic analysis identifiedAGAMOUS-like (AG-like:SEEDSTICK[STK]-like),SEPALATA-like (SEP3-like), andTCP-PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR(PCF)-like copies with lineage-specific genomic contexts in the Asteraceae, Cichorioideae, or dandelion. Different expression patterns of some of these gene copies suggest functional divergence. We also confirm the presence and revisit the evolutionary history of previously named “Asteraceae-Specific MADS-boxgenes (AS-MADS).” Specifically, we identify non-Asteraceae homologs, indicating a more ancient origin of this gene clade. Syntenic relationships support thatAS-MADSis paralogous toFLOWERING LOCUS C(FLC) as demonstrated by the shared ancient duplication ofFLCandSEP3.