Purpose of ReviewTuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic and migration flow due to socioeconomic conditions, climate change, and geopolitical issues, such as the war, are important drivers influencing TB epidemiology in Europe. This article aims to review the data about TB in this area and the new findings about treatment and prevention strategies.Recent FindingsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, access to health facilities and retention in care were difficult for TB patients, with consequences on TB diagnosis and TB incidence. The ongoing conflict in Europe, in areas with high prevalence of TB and MDR-TB, has reduced the access to health services and the availability of anti-TB drugs and increased the migration of refugees. New data on short treatment regimens could change the length of therapy and adverse events.SummaryTB control programs are facing emerging challenges that could change TB incidence in the near future. Novel antibiotic strategies and improved preventive policies could offer new opportunities to reduce the TB impact on public health.