AbstractTamarixL. is of great ecological and economic significance in arid desert ecosystems. This study reports the complete chloroplast (cp) genomic sequences ofT. arceuthoidesBunge andT. ramosissimaLedeb., which are currently unknown, by high-throughput sequencing. The cp genomes ofT. arceuthoides1852 andT. ramosissima1829 were 156,198 and 156,172 bp in length, respectively, and contained a small single-copy region (SSC: 18,247 bp), a large single-copy region (LSC: 84,795 and 84,890 bp, respectively), and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs: 26,565 and 26,470 bp, respectively). The two cp genomes possessed 123 genes arranged in the same order, including 79 protein-coding, 36 tRNA, and eight rRNA genes. Of these, 11 protein-coding genes and seven tRNA genes contained at least one intron. The present study found thatTamarixandMyricariaare sister groups with the closest genetic relationship. The obtained knowledge could provide useful information for future phylogenetic, taxonomic, and evolutionary studies on Tamaricaceae.