Key PointsQuestionDoes receipt of peer comparison (also known as social norm or relative performance) feedback on antibiotic prescribing have a significant negative impact on job satisfaction among primary care clinicians in Boston, Massachusetts, and Los Angeles, California?FindingsIn this secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial conducted from November 1, 2011, to April 1, 2014, the intervention, which delivered a comparison of individual clinician performance with that of top-performing peers in monthly emails, did not reduce mean job satisfaction beyond the noninferiority margin of clinical significance.MeaningThese findings suggest that behavioral interventions aimed at improving performance can be designed in a way that may protect clinician job satisfaction.