ObjectivesTo compare the perioperative and oncological outcomes of robotic-assisted tumor enucleation (RATE) and robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) in the treatment of intermediate and high complexity renal cell carcinoma (RCC).MethodsWe retrospectively collected the data of 359 patients with intermediate and high complexity RCC who underwent RATE and RAPN. The perioperative, oncological, and pathological outcomes of the two groups were compared, and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the risk factors for warm ischemia time (WIT) > 25 min.ResultsCompared with RAPN group, patients in RATE group had shorter operative time (P< 0.001), shorter WIT (P< 0.001), and less estimated blood loss (EBL) (P< 0.001). The decrease rate of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in RATE group was better than that in RAPN group (P< 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that RAPN and higher PADUA score were independent risk factors forWIT> 25 min (bothP< 0.001). The rate of positive surgical margin was similar between the two groups, but the local recurrence rate of the RATE group was higher than that of the RAPN group (P= 0.027).ConclusionsRATE and RAPN have similar oncological outcomes for the treatment of intermediate and high complexity RCC. In addition, RATE was superior to RAPN in perioperative outcomes.