BackgroundThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between care burden and motivation of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among caregivers of patients who have experienced a stroke and to explore the mediating roles of social media use, fear of COVID-19, and worries about infection in this relationship.MethodsA cross-sectional survey study with 172 caregivers of patients who had experienced a stroke took part in a Taiwan community hospital. All participants completed the Zarit Burden Interview, Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, Worry of Infection Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Motors of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Scale. Multiple linear regression model was applied to construct and explain the association among the variables. Hayes Process Macro (Models 4 and 6) was used to explain the mediation effects.ResultsThe proposed model significantly explained the direct association of care burden with motivation of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Despite the increased care burden associated with decreased vaccine acceptance, problematic social media use positively mediated this association. Moreover, problematic social media use had sequential mediating effects together with worry of infection or fear of COVID-19 in the association between care burden and motivation of vaccine acceptance. Care burden was associated with motivation of vaccine acceptance through problematic social media use followed by worry of infection.ConclusionsIncreased care burden among caregivers of patients who have experienced a stroke may lead to lower COVID-19 vaccines acceptance. Moreover, problematic social media use was positively associated with their motivation to get COVID-19 vaccinated. Therefore, health experts and practitioners should actively disseminate accurate and trustworthy factual information regarding COVID-19, while taking care of the psychological problems among caregivers of patients who have experienced a stroke.