BackgroundPassing the American Board of Neurological Surgeons (ABNS) Primary Exam is required for residents in training. Both the program directors and residents are given keywords of the exam afterward in the hope to help program directors determine their relative strengths and weakness. We have organized and tabulated these keywords for neurosurgery residents’ benefit.MethodologyWe collected and analyzed ABNS Primary Exam keywords (2015-2023) in each of the exam’s main categories for trends and recurrences. We examined the overall passing rates among first-time credit test takers. The frequency of each subcategory was calculated as a percentage within its corresponding category. Recurrent keywords were grouped together with their corresponding years and categorized as once, twice, or thrice and greater occurrences; the last category was considered to be high-yield keywords.ResultsThe number of questions in Neurosciences and Neurology has decreased over the years while Neurosurgery and Critical Care questions have increased. Similarly, there are fewer keyword repeats in Neurosciences and Neurology. The most repeated keywords are in Neuroimaging. The most common keywords are presented and listed along with the years of occurrences. Overall, the passing rate among first-time credit test takers is over 90%.ConclusionsNeurosurgery residents can consider the common keywords as a guide in preparation for the ABNS Primary Exam.