We retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases of mucormycosis reported from a tertiary-care center in India to determine the clinical and mycologic characteristics of emergingRhizopus homothallicusfungus. The objectives were ascertaining the proportion ofR. homothallicusinfection and the 30-day mortality rate in rhino-orbital mucormycosis attributable toR. homothallicuscompared withR. arrhizus.R. homothallicusaccounted for 43 (6.8%) of the 631 cases of mucormycosis.R. homothallicusinfection was independently associated with better survival (odds ratio [OR] 0.08 [95% CI 0.02–0.36]; p = 0.001) than forR. arrhizusinfection (4/41 [9.8%] vs. 104/266 [39.1%]) after adjusting for age, intracranial involvement, and surgery. We also performed antifungal-susceptibility testing, which indicated a low range of MICs forR. homothallicusagainst the commonly used antifungals (amphotericin B [0.03–16], itraconazole [0.03–16], posaconazole [0.03–8], and isavuconazole [0.03–16]). 18S gene sequencing and amplified length polymorphism analysis revealed distinct clustering ofR. homothallicus.