BackgroundAfzelia africanais a plant species with well-documented ethnobotanical and medicinal properties. The plant is reported to have various secondary metabolites and had been applied for the treatment of various diseased conditions.ObjectivesThe study objectives include fractionation, isolation, purification, and characterization of eriodictyol from the bark ofA. africana, and the determination of its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.Methodology. The series of methodologies that were employed include fractionations and purification (column chromatography), characterization (HPLC, LC-MS, IR,1H,13C, DEPT-135, HSQC, and HMBC), antimicrobial assays (microbroth dilution and checkerboard assay), and antioxidant activities assays (ABTS and DPPH scavenging capacity).ResultsThe study reports the identification and characterization of eriodictyol from the bark ofA. africanawhich exhibited potent antioxidant activities against ABTS and DPPH radicals with scavenging capacities (SC50) of 2.14 ± 0.05 and 2.51 ± 0.06µg/mL, respectively. The compound exhibited its antimicrobial activity by reporting good bacteriostatic activities (MBC/MIC > 4) againstStaphylococcus aureus(SA), methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA), and fluconazole-resistantCandida albicans(CA2). Moreover, a broad spectrum of bactericidal effects (MBC/MIC ≤ 4) was reported againstStreptococcus mutans(SM),Escherichia coli(EC),Bacillus subtilis(BS),Klebsiella pneumonia(KP),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA),Salmonella typhi(ST), and standardCandida albicans(CA1). The compound further exhibited synergistic effects against EC, KP, ST, and MRSA; ST; and CA2 when combined with ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and nystatin, respectively. However, antagonistic effects were observed against PA and CA1 when combined with ciprofloxacin and ketoconazole, respectively.ConclusionThe study reports for the first time the identification of eriodictyol from the bark ofA. africanawhich exhibited significant antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.