ObjectiveTo investigate the association between different ovarian reserves and reproductive and adverse perinatal outcomes in patients with endometriosis.DesignRetrospective study.SettingReproductive Medicine Center in a hospital.PatientsPatients surgically diagnosed with endometriosis were divided into three groups according to their ovarian reserve: diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) group (n=66), normal ovarian reserve (NOR) group (n=160), and high ovarian reserve (HOR) group (n=141).Intervention(s)None.Main Outcome MeasuresLive birth rate (LBR), cumulative live birth rate (CLBR), and adverse perinatal outcome for singleton live births.ResultsThere were significantly higher live birth and cumulative live birth rates in endometriosis patients with NOR or HOR than in those with DOR. For adverse perinatal outcomes, patients with NOR or HOR had no significant association with preterm birth, gestational hypertension, placenta previa, fetal malformation, abruptio placentae, macrosomia, or low birth weight, except for a decreased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.ConclusionOur study revealed that although patients with endometriosis with NOR and HOR had increased reproductive outcomes, patients with endometriosis with DOR had still an acceptable live birth rate and a similar cumulative live birth rate with available oocytes. Moreover, patients with NOR and HOR might not exhibit a decreased risk of abnormal perinatal outcomes, except for gestational diabetes mellitus. Multicenter prospective studies are needed to further clarify the relationship.