Objective: To clarify the accumulation and mutual transformation patterns of the chemical components inAngelica dahurica(A. dahurica) and predict the quality markers (Q-Markers) of its antioxidant activity. Method: The types of and content changes in the chemical components in various parts ofA. dahuricaduring different periods were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technology (GC-MS). The antioxidant effect of the Q-Markers was predicted using network pharmacological networks, and molecular docking was used to verify the biological activity of the Q-Markers. Result: The differences in the content changes in the coumarin compounds in different parts were found by using GC-MS technology, with the relative content being the best in the root, followed by the leaves, and the least in the stems. The common components were used as potential Q-Markers for a network pharmacology analysis. The component-target-pathway-disease network was constructed. In the molecular docking, the Q-Markers had a good binding ability with the core target, reflecting better biological activity. Conclusions: The accumulation and mutual transformation patterns of the chemical components in different parts ofA. dahuricawere clarified. The predicted Q-Markers lay a material foundation for the establishment of quality standards and a quality evaluation.