SignificanceDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, governments imposed strong restrictions on individuals: Schools were closed, businesses prohibited from running, and travel restrictions aimed to contain or slow down the spread of the virus. Gradually, responsibility was shifted to individuals again. Many ask themselves whether they should follow the suggested measures, such as wearing masks in public transport. Often, following such interventions may be in the interest of society but too costly for an individual. However, a clear framework to assess the nature of such interactions—depending on the costs and benefits for an individual, but also on the state of the pandemic—is lacking so far. Here, we propose a way to assess the conflict between individuals and society in such a context.