BackgroundPhthalates (PAEs) are important synthetic substances in plastics, attracting much attention due to their potential effects on the cardiovascular system.MethodsIn this study, urine and blood samples from 39 individuals were collected in Tianjin, China. Phthalates and phthalate metabolites (mPAEs) were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), respectively. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products from bisulfite-treated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) samples were analyzed using pyrosequencing technology.ResultsThe detection frequencies for 9 PAEs varied from 2.56 to 92.31%, and those for 10 mPAEs varied from 30.77 to 100%. The estimated daily intakes (EDIs) and cumulative risk of PAEs were calculated based on the experimental statistics of urinary PAEs and mPAEs. For PAEs, the HIRfD(hazard index corresponding to reference doses) values of 10.26% of participants and the HITDI(hazard index corresponding to tolerable daily intake) values of 30.77% of participants were estimated to exceed 1, suggesting a relatively high exposure risk. ThemtDNAmethylation levels in theMT-ATP8andMT-ND5were observed to be lower than in theMT-ATP6. Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) andMT-ATP8were positively correlated with triglyceride levels (p< 0.05). Based on the association of PAEs,mtDNAmethylation, and triglycerides, the mediating role ofmtDNAmethylation between PAEs and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) was analyzed in this study, but no mediated effect was observed.ConclusionThe effects of PAE exposure on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) should be investigated further.