Key PointsQuestionDoes maternal intake of hen’s eggs at birth affect the risk of immunoglobulin E–mediated egg allergy in infants aged 12 months?FindingsIn this randomized clinical trial involving 380 breastfed infants whose parents had an allergic disease, maternal consumption of 1 whole egg per day during the first 5 days after delivery did not affect egg allergy development and sensitization to egg white in the infants compared with complete egg avoidance by the mothers during the same period. No adverse effects were observed.MeaningThe findings of this randomized clinical trial indicate that egg allergy development is unaffected by maternal egg consumption during the very early neonatal period.