Phenotypes of athletic performance and exercise capacity are complex traits influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. This update on the panel of genetic markers (DNA polymorphisms) associated with athlete status summarises recent advances in sports genomics research, including findings from candidate gene and genome-wide association (GWAS) studies, meta-analyses, and findings involving larger-scale initiatives such as the UK Biobank. As of the end of May 2023, a total of 251 DNA polymorphisms have been associated with athlete status, of which 128 genetic markers were positively associated with athlete status in at least two studies (41 endurance-related, 45 power-related, and 42 strength-related). The most promising genetic markers include theAMPD1rs17602729 C,CDKN1Ars236448 A,HFErs1799945 G,MYBPC3rs1052373 G,NFIA-AS2rs1572312 C,PPARArs4253778 G, andPPARGC1Ars8192678 G alleles for endurance;ACTN3rs1815739 C,AMPD1rs17602729 C,CDKN1Ars236448 C,CPNE5rs3213537 G,GALNTL6rs558129 T,IGF2rs680 G,IGSF3rs699785 A,NOS3rs2070744 T, andTRHRrs7832552 T alleles for power; andACTN3rs1815739 C,AR≥21 CAG repeats,LRPPRCrs10186876 A,MMS22Lrs9320823 T,PHACTR1rs6905419 C, andPPARGrs1801282 G alleles for strength. It should be appreciated, however, that elite performance still cannot be predicted well using only genetic testing.