AbstractThe latest surveillance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows that the annual incidence ofV. vulnificusinfection is increasing. Unfortunately, in less well-known high-risk groups, this infection is usually excluded from differential diagnosis. Transmitted through wound exposure or ingestion, the mortality rate of foodborne diseases ofV. vulnificusis the highest of allV. vulnificus.V. vulnificusis as lethal early diagnosis as Ebola and bubonic plague, so timely treatment is imperative. Sepsis caused byV. vulnificusinfection mainly exists in the United States and is rarely reported in Southeast Asia. We report a 78-year-old man who went to the local hospital and complained of swelling in his right hand with severe pain. He ate raw salmon 2 days ago and denied other recognized seafood stab or trauma history and other seafood contact history. He was in septic shock at the time of treatment, so we immediately transferred to the emergency intensive care unit and tested for metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). The diagnosis was confirmed the second day after admission, and eventually he was cured and discharged from the hospital only after medical treatment, thus avoiding the risk of surgical debridement or even amputation. mNGS is helpful for early clinical diagnosis and effective early intervention for etiology, so that patients can get a good prognosis.