BackgroundObesity occurs when energy intake is excessive compared to energy expenditure, resulting in the excessive storage of triglyceride in adipose tissue.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the antiobesity effects ofKaempferia parvifloraextracts (PF) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes to demonstrate the lipid mechanisms underlying these effects.DesignMice were fed with a normal diet (AIN93G normal diet), HFD (60% HFD), Met (HFD containing metformin 250 mg/kg b.w.), PF50 (HFD containing PF 50 mg/kg b.w.), and PF100 (HFD containing PF 100 mg/kg b.w.) for 12 weeks.ResultsBody weight gain, adipose tissue weight, adipose tissue mass, and size of adipocytes were significantly decreased by PF supplementation in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, PF supplementation suppressed the adipogenesis and lipogenesis pathways and activated the lipolysis and thermogenesis pathways in the adipose tissues of HFD-fed mice.ConclusionsPF treatment during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells suppressed adipogenesis and lipogenesis and PF treatment after differentiation activated lipolysis and thermogenesis. Thus, we suggest that PF is effective for weight loss by directly affecting the lipid metabolism of adipocytes.