The NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) transcription factors (TF), one of the largest plant-specific gene families, play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and development, stress response and disease resistance. In particular, several NAC TFs have been identified as master regulators of secondary cell wall (SCW) biosynthesis. Iron walnut (Juglans sigillataDode), an economically important nut and oilseed tree, has been widely planted in the southwest China. The thick and high lignified shell derived endocarp tissues, however, brings troubles in processing processes of products in industry. It is indispensable to dissect the molecular mechanism of thick endocarp formation for further genetic improvement of iron walnut. In the present study, based on genome reference of iron walnut, 117NACgenes, in total, were identified and characterizedin silico, which involves only computational analysis to provide insight into gene function and regulation. We found that the amino acids encoded by theseNACgenes varied from 103 to 1,264 in length, and conserved motif numbers ranged from 2 to 10. TheJsiNACgenes were unevenly distributed across the genome of 16 chromosomes, and 96 of these genes were identified as segmental duplication genes. Furthermore, 117JsiNACgenes were divided into 14 subfamilies (A-N) according to the phylogenetic tree based on NAC family members ofArabidopsis thalianaand common walnut (Juglans regia). Furthermore, tissue-specific expression pattern analysis demonstrated that a majority of NAC genes were constitutively expressed in five different tissues (bud, root, fruit, endocarp, and stem xylem), while a total of 19 genes were specifically expressed in endocarp, and most of them also showed high and specific expression levels in the middle and late stages during iron walnut endocarp development. Our result provided a new insight into the gene structure and function ofJsiNACs in iron walnut, and identified key candidateJsiNACgenes involved in endocarp development, probably providing mechanistic insight into shell thickness formation across nut species.