One gram-negative strain designated Bb-Pol-6Twas isolated from birch (Betula pendula) pollen at Giessen area, Germany. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenies indicated the next-relative genera wereRobbsia,Chitinasiproducens,PararobbsiaandParaburkholderia(96–95.6%). Further comparative genome analysis and phylogenetic tree-based methods revealed its phylogenetic position under the genusRobbsia. The genome of strain Bb-Pol-6Twas 5.04 Mbp with 4401 predicted coding sequences and a G + C content of 65.31 mol%. Average amino acid identity, average nucleotide identity, digital DNA–DNA hybridization and percentage of conserved proteins values toRobbsia andropogonisDSM 9511Twere 68.0, 72.5, 22.7 and 65.85%, respectively. Strain Bb-Pol-6Twas rod-shaped, non-motile, facultative anaerobic and grew optimally at 28 °C and pH 6–7. Ubiquinone 8 was the major respiratory quinone and the major cellular fatty acids were C16:0, C19:0 cycloω7c, C17:0 cycloω7cand C17:1ω6c. The dominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified aminophospholipid. Based on the genomic physiological and phenotypic characteristics, strain Bb-Pol-6Twas considered a novel species under the genusRobbsia, for which the nameRobbsia betulipollinissp. nov. was proposed. The type strain is Bb-Pol-6T(= LMG 32774T= DSM 114812T).Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00284-023-03344-7.