AbstractGenome editing approaches, particularly the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, are becoming state-of-the-art for trait development in numerous breeding programs. Significant advances in improving plant traits are enabled by this influential tool, especially for disease resistance, compared to traditional breeding. One of the potyviruses, the turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), is the most widespread and damaging virus that infectsBrassicaspp. worldwide. We generated the targeted mutation at theeIF(iso)4Egene in the TuMV-susceptible cultivar “Seoul” using CRISPR/Cas9 to develop TuMV-resistant Chinese cabbage. We detected several heritable indel mutations in the edited T0plants and developed T1through generational progression. It was indicated in the sequence analysis of theeIF(iso)4E-edited T1plants that the mutations were transferred to succeeding generations. These edited T1plants conferred resistance to TuMV. It was shown with ELISA analysis the lack of accumulation of viral particles. Furthermore, we found a strong negative correlation (r = −0.938) between TuMV resistance and the genome editing frequency ofeIF(iso)4E. Consequently, it was revealed in this study that CRISPR/Cas9 technique can expedite the breeding process to improve traits in Chinese cabbage plants.