Key PointsQuestionShould biologics be added to conventional treatment for specific patients with rheumatoid arthritis considering the short-term benefit?FindingsIn this meta-analysis of individual participant data from 3790 patients, the addition of certolizumab, a tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor, to conventional rheumatoid arthritis treatment was associated with an increased probability of reaching low disease activity in general. However, an interactive application based on a 2-stage model, which can visualize the estimated results for individual patients, showed that the absolute benefits differed in patients with different baseline characteristics.MeaningThese findings suggest that the benefit of adding biologics to conventional rheumatoid arthritis treatment is uncertain for specific patients, and the interactive application based on a 2-stage model may help with treatment selection in practice.