Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a key role in terrestrial ecosystems, while the ecological restoration application of AMF in mining areas has been progressively gaining attention. This study simulated a low nitrogen (N) environment in copper tailings mining soil to explore inoculative effects of four AMF species on the eco-physiological characteristics ofImperata cylindrica, and provided plant-microbial symbiote with excellent resistance to copper tailings. Results show that N, soil type, AMF species, and associated interactions significantly affected ammonium (NH4+), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−), and total nitrogen (TN) content and photosynthetic characteristics ofI. cylindrica. Additionally, interactions between soil type and AMF species significantly affected the biomass, plant height, and tiller number ofI. cylindrica.Rhizophagus irregularisandGlomus claroideunsignificantly increased TN andNH4+content in the belowground componentsI. cylindricain non-mineralized sand. Moreover, the inoculation of these two fungi species significantly increased belowgroundNH4+content in mineralized sand. The net photosynthetic rate positively correlated to aboveground total carbon (TC) and TN content under the high N and non-mineralized sand treatment. Moreover,Glomus claroideunandGlomus etunicatuminoculation significantly increased both net photosynthetic and water utilization rates, whileF. mosseaeinoculation significantly increased the transpiration rate under the low N treatment. Additionally, aboveground total sulfur (TS) content positively correlated to the intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, stomatal conductance, and the transpiration rate under the low N sand treatment. Furthermore,G. claroideun,G. etunicatum, andF. mosseaeinoculation significantly increased abovegroundNH4+and belowground TC content ofI. cylindrica, whileG. etunicatumsignificantly increased belowgroundNH4+content. Average membership function values of all physiological and ecologicalI. cylindricaindexes infected with AMF species were higher compared to the control group, while corresponding values ofI. cylindricainoculated withG. claroideunwere highest overall. Finally, comprehensive evaluation coefficients were highest under both the low N and high N mineralized sand treatments. This study provides information on microbial resources and plant-microbe symbionts in a copper tailings area, while aiming to improve current nutrient-poor soil conditions and ecological restoration efficiency in copper tailings areas.