Key PointsQuestionIs clinician well-being a cause for concern, and if so, what interventions hold promise for retaining physicians and nurses in hospital practice?FindingsThis cross-sectional multicenter survey study of 15 738 nurses and 5312 physicians found high and widespread burnout among clinicians in hospital practice that was associated with frequent turnover and patient safety concerns. In addition, clinicians lack confidence in management to resolve patient care problems and rated improvements in staffing and work environments as more important to their mental health and well-being than instituting clinician wellness and resilience programs.MeaningThese findings indicate that enhancing clinician well-being and retention requires deliberate actions by management to improve nurse staffing, work environments, and patient safety culture.