Background:Candida parapsilosisis the most common non-albicanscandida species that causes invasive candidiasis, but little is known about its impacts on the outcomes of pediatric patients. We aimed to characterize the clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes ofC. parapsilosisbloodstream infections (BSIs) in children.Methods: All pediatric patients withCandida parapsilosisBSIs between 2005 and 2020 from a medical center in Taiwan were enrolled and analyzed. The antifungal susceptibility, clinical manifestations, management and outcomes were investigated. Cases ofCandida parapsilosisBSIs were compared between patients withC. albicansBSIs and other Candida spp. BSIs.Results: During the study period, 95 episodes (26.0% of total cases) ofCandida parapsilosisBSIs were identified and analyzed. No significant difference was found between pediatric patients withC. parapsilosisBSIs and those withC. albicansBSIs in terms of patients’ demographics, most chronic comorbidities or risk factors. Pediatric patients withC. parapsilosisBSIs were significantly more likely to have previous azole exposure and be on total parenteral nutrition than those withC. albicansBSIs (17.9 vs. 7.6% and 76.8 vs. 63.7%,p= 0.015 and 0.029, respectively). The duration ofC. parapsilosiscandidemia was relatively longer, and therefore patients often required a longer duration of antifungal treatment when compared with those ofC. albicanscandidemia, although the candidemia-attributable mortality rates were comparable. Of theC. parapsilosisisolates, 93.7% were susceptible to all antifungal agents, and delayed appropriate antifungal treatment was an independent factor in treatment failure.Conclusions: Pediatric patients withC. parapsilosisBSIs were more likely to have previous azole exposure and be on total parenteral nutrition, and the clinical significances included a longer duration of candidemia and patients often required a longer duration of antifungal treatment.