Postoperative adhesions are a frequent complication encountered after surgical procedures, mainly after intraperitoneal interventions. To this day, the pathophysiological mechanism behind the process of adhesions formation is not completely known. There are many strategies proposed as prophylaxis methods, involving surgical techniques, drugs or materials that prevent adhesions and even state of the art technologies such as nanoparticles or gene therapy. The aim of our review is to present these innovative approaches and techniques for postoperative adhesions prevention. After a thorough scientific database query, we selected 84 articles published in the past 15 years that were relevant to our topic. Despite all the recent groundbreaking discoveries, we are at an early stage of understanding the complexity of the adhesion formation mechanism. Further investigations should be made in order to create an ideal product for safe clinical use for prevention.