AbstractBackgroundCarbapenemase production is a global public health threat. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data analysis is critical to public health policy. Here we analyzed carbapenemase detection trends using the AMR Brazilian Surveillance Network.MethodsCarbapenemase detection data from Brazilian hospitals included in the public laboratory information system dataset were evaluated. The detection rate (DR) was defined as carbapenemase detected by gene tested per isolate per year. The temporal trends were estimated using the Prais–Winsten regression model. The impact of COVID-19 on carbapenemase genes in Brazil was determined for the period 2015–2022. Detection pre- (October 2017 to March 2020) and post-pandemic onset (April 2020 to September 2022) was compared using theχ2test. Analyses were performed with Stata 17.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX).Results83 282blaKPCand 86 038blaNDMwere tested for all microorganisms. Enterobacterales DR forblaKPCandblaNDMwas 68.6% (41 301/60 205) and 14.4% (8377/58 172), respectively.P. aeruginosaDR forblaNDMwas 2.5% (313/12 528). An annual percent increase forblaNDMof 41.1% was observed, and a decrease forblaKPCof −4.0% in Enterobacterales, and an annual increase forblaNDMof 71.6% and forblaKPCof 22.2% inP. aeruginosa. From 2020 to 2022, overall increases of 65.2% for Enterobacterales, 77.7% for ABC, and 61.3% forP. aeruginosawere observed in the total isolates.ConclusionsThis study shows the strengths of the AMR Brazilian Surveillance Network with robust data related to carbapenemases in Brazil and the impact of COVID-19 with a change in carbapenemase profiles withblaNDMrising over the years.