The traditional thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) has a noticeable thermal lag effect, which restricts the heating rate, while the micro-electro-mechanical system thermal gravimetric analyzer (MEMS TGA) utilizes a resonant cantilever beam structure with high mass sensitivity, on-chip heating, and a small heating area, resulting in no thermal lag effect and a fast heating rate. To achieve high-speed temperature control for MEMS TGA, this study proposes a dual fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control method. The fuzzy control adjusts the PID parameters in real-time to minimize overshoot while effectively addressing system nonlinearities. Simulation and actual testing results indicate that this temperature control method has a faster response speed and less overshoot compared to traditional PID control, significantly improving the heating performance of MEMS TGA.