We provide incidences (cases/10 million persons) in the Netherlands during 2009–2019 for pathogens listed as potential bioterrorism agents. We included pathogens from the highest categories of the European Medicines Agency or the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Notifiable diseases and recently published data were used to calculate the average annual incidence.Coxiella burnetiihad the highest incidence because of a Q fever epidemic during 2007–2010. Incidence then decreased to 10.8 cases/. Pathogens with an incidence>1 wereBrucellaspp. (2.5 cases),Francisella tularensis(1.3 cases), andBurkholderia pseudomallei(1.1 cases). Pathogens with an incidence <1 were hemorrhagic fever viruses (0.3 cases),Clostridium botulinum(0.2 cases), andBacillus anthracis(0.1 cases). Variola major andYersinia pestiswere absent. The generally low incidences make it unlikely that ill-meaning persons can isolate these pathogens from natural sources in the Netherlands. However, the pathogens are stored in laboratories, underscoring the need for biosecurity measures.