BackgroundNon-specific lipid-transfer protein (nsLTP) is a pan-allergen in the plant world, and a cause of significant concern as food allergen in the Mediterranean area, due to its general heat- and acid-resistance and hence the risk of severe allergic reactions.Pru p 3, the peach nsLTP, is considered the primary sensitizer to this allergen family and this allergy is usually persistent. Allergen-free diet and acute treatment of manifestations are the main recognized management goals in food allergy.Main textThe role of immunotherapy for treating food allergy in adult patients is controversial, but immunotherapy forPru p 3could potentially represent a relevant therapeutic strategy. We systematically searched databases for studies assessing the role of immunotherapyPru p 3in food allergy. Overall, nine studies were included. Immunotherapy withPru p 3appears to be effective and with a good safety profile in both peach and LTP allergy for some foods, such as peanut, in both RCT and real-life studies.ConclusionsImmunotherapy withPru p 3is a possible treatment option for food allergy to the peach LTP in the Mediterranean area, although at present have not reached routinary clinical practice. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and identify predictive biomarkers.