Simple SummaryThe fall armyworm (FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda(JE Smith), is an invasive pest that feeds on a wide range of host plants, especially maize, threatening agricultural production and food security in China. Thus, understanding its host plant preferences is of great significance for its population prediction and management. In this study, the oviposition preferences ofS. frugiperdaon ten special maize and ten common maize varieties were tested, and the larval development, adult reproduction, and population parameters ofS. frugiperdawere also examined. Generally,S. frugiperdaoviposited and completed its life cycle across all maize cultivars. However,S. frugiperdafemales preferred the special maize varieties over common maize varieties for oviposition. Moreover, faster growth, higher pupal weight,S. frugiperdaadult fecundity, net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), and finite rate of increase (λ) occurred on the special maize varieties. However, the lowest oviposition preference,R0,r,λ, and longestToccurred on Zhengdan 958, suggesting that Zhengdan 958 is a less suitable host compared to the other tested maize varieties. Our findings can provide a reference for the detection of population dynamics and rational planting of maize and help to refine laboratory rearing protocols.AbstractHost plants play an important role in the growth, development, and reproduction of insects. However, only a few studies have reported the effects of maize varieties on the growth and reproduction ofS. frugiperda. In this study, a free-choice test was used to evaluate the oviposition preferences of female adults on ten common maize varieties and ten special maize varieties. The population fitness ofS. frugiperdaon six different maize varieties was also examined using the age-stage, two-sex life table method. The results showed thatS. frugiperdaoviposited and completed its life cycle across all maize cultivars. Moreover, theS. frugiperdafemales exhibited a significantly higher oviposition preference on the special maize varieties than on the common maize varieties. The highest number of eggs and egg masses occurred on Baitiannuo and the lowest on Zhengdan 958. The egg + larval stage, preadult, pupal stage, adult, APOP, TPOP, and total longevity ofS. frugiperdawere significantly shorter on the special maize varieties than on the common maize varieties. The fecundity, oviposition days, pupal weight, and hatching rate ofS. frugiperdawere significantly higher on the special maize varieties than on the common maize varieties. Specifically,S. frugiperdahad the highest fecundity, female, and male pupal weight on Baitiannuo. Moreover, the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), and finite rate of increase (λ) ofS. frugiperdawere the greatest on Baitiannuo, whereas the shortest mean generation time (T) occurred on Zaocuiwang. The lowestR0,r, andλ, and longestToccurred on Zhengdan 958, suggesting that Zhengdan 958 is a non-preferred host plant compared to the other tested maize varieties. The findings of this study can provide a reference for the rational planting of maize and provide basic scientific information for the management ofS. frugiperda.