Graphical AbstractSummary:Peripartum behaviors (e.g., rumination, activity, lying time) of a large number of dairy cattle can now be monitored uninterruptedly. Such behaviors have been associated with peripartum health disorders and have been suggested to be indicators of poor management and inappropriate diets. We used automated devices to determine the individual animal variability in these behaviors before and after calving. Variability in rumination, activity, and lying behavior peripartum were largely explained by the animal (≥35.6%), whereas the contribution of environmental and nutritional variables to explain their daily variability was low (≤6.6%).