Serial monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) provide an ideal system to elucidate the transcriptomic interactions between the alien chromosomes and recipient genome under aneuploidy. Herein, five availableBrassica oleracea-nigraMAALs (CCB1, CCB4, CCB5, CCB6, CCB8), their derivedB. oleraceaplants (non-MAALs), and two parents were analyzed for their gene expressions by using high-throughput technology. Compared to parentalB. oleracea, all MAALs showed various numbers of DEGs, but CCB8 gave much higher DEGs; the number of downregulated DEGs was slightly higher than the number of upregulated ones, except for in relation to CCB8. All derivedB. oleraceaplants also gave certain numbers of DEGs, despite these being much lower than in the respective MAALs. Compared toB. nigra, in all five MAALs more DEGs were downregulated than upregulated.Trans-effects were likely more prevailing thancis-effects, and these DEGs were predominantly associated with material transport by dysregulating the cellular component. Meanwhile, the orthologous genes on alien chromosomes could only play a feeble compensatory role for those gene pairs in C-subgenome, and different levels of the expressed genes had a greater tendency towards downregulation. These results revealed transcriptional aneuploidy response patterns between two genomes and suggested thatcis- andtrans-mechanisms synergistically regulated alien gene transcriptions after distant hybridization.