A deep memory bare-bones particle swarm optimization algorithm (DMBBPSO) for single-objective optimization problems is proposed in this paper. The DMBBPSO is able to perform high-precision local search while maintaining a large global search, thus providing a reliable solution to high-dimensional complex optimization problems. Normally, maintaining high accuracy while conducting global searches is an important challenge for single-objective optimizers. Traditional particle swarms optimizers can rapidly lose the diversity during iterations and are unable to perform global searches efficiently, and thus are more likely to be trapped by local optima. To address this problem, the DMBBPSO combines multiple memory storage mechanism (MMSM) and a layer-by-layer activation strategy (LAS). The MMSM catalyzes a set of deep memories to increase the diversity of the particle swarm. For every single particle, both of the personal best position and deep memories will be used in the evaluation process. The LAS enables the particle swarm to avoid premature convergence while enhancing local search capabilities. The collaboration between MMSM and LAS enhances the diversity of the particle swarm, which in turn enhances the robustness of the DMBBPSO. To investigate the optimization ability of the DMBBPSO for single-objective optimization problems, The CEC2017 benchmark functions are used in experiments. Five state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms are used in the control group. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that the DMBBPSO can provide high precision results for single-objective optimization problems.