A 510 day long-term measurement of a 45.3 g platinum foil acting as the sample and high voltage contact in an ultra-low-background high purity germanium detector was performed at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (Italy). The data was used for a detailed study of double beta decay modes in natural platinum isotopes. Limits are set in the range\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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				\begin{document}$${\mathcal {O}}(10^{14}{-} 10^{19})$$\end{document}O(1014-1019)years (90% C.L.) for several double beta decay transitions to excited states confirming, and partially extending existing limits. The highest sensitivity of the measurement, greater than\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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				\begin{document}$$10^{19}$$\end{document}1019years, was achieved for the two neutrino and neutrinoless double beta decay modes of the isotope\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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				\begin{document}$$^{198}$$\end{document}198Pt. Additionally, novel limits for inelastic dark matter scattering on\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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				\begin{document}$$^{195}$$\end{document}195Pt are placed up to mass splittings of approximately 500 keV. We analyze several techniques to extend the sensitivity and propose a few approaches for future medium-scale experiments with platinum-group elements.