In order to overcome the discreteness of input data and training data in deep neural network (DNN), the multivariable response surface function was used to revise input data and training data in this paper. The loss function based on the data on the response surface was derived, DNN based on multivariable response surface function (MRSF-DNN) was established. MRSF-DNN model of recycled brick aggregate concrete compressive strength was established, in which coarse aggregate volume content, fine aggregate volume content and water cement ratio are influencing factors. Furthermore, the predictive analysis and extended analysis of MRSF-DNN model were carried out. The results show that: MRSF-DNN model had high prediction accuracy, the correlation coefficient between the real values and the forecast values was 0.9882, the relative error was between -0.5% and 1%. Furthermore, MRSF-DNN had more stable prediction ability and stronger generalization ability than DNN.