Genetic robustness can be achieved via several mechanisms including transcriptional adaptation (TA), a sequence similarity-driven process whereby mutant mRNA degradation products modulate, directly or indirectly, the expression of so-called adapting genes. To identify the sequences required for this process, we utilized a transgenic approach inCaenorhabditis elegans, combining an overexpression construct for a mutant gene (act-5) and a fluorescent reporter for the corresponding adapting gene (act-3). Analyzing a series of modifications for each construct, we identified, in the 5’ regulatory region of theact-3locus, a 25-base pair (bp) element which exhibits 60% identity with a sequence in theact-5mRNA and which, in the context of a minimal promoter, is sufficient to induce ectopic expression of the fluorescent reporter. The 25 nucleotide (nt) element in theact-5mRNA lies between the premature termination codon (PTC) and the next exon/exon junction, suggesting the importance of this region of the mutant mRNA for TA. Additionally, we found that single-stranded RNA injections of this 25 nt element fromact-5into the intestine of wild-type larvae led to higher levels of adapting gene (act-3)mRNA. Different models have been proposed to underlie the modulation of gene expression during TA including chromatin remodeling, the inhibition of antisense RNAs, the release of transcriptional pausing, and the suppression of premature transcription termination, and our data clearly show the importance of the regulatory region of the adapting gene in this particularact-5/act-3TA model. Our findings also suggest that RNA fragments can modulate the expression of loci exhibiting limited sequence similarity, possibly a critical observation when designing RNA based therapies.