AbstractBackgroundAchieving a better prognosis for patients and reducing the risk of complications are primary considerations in surgical decisions for hilar cholangiocarcinoma.MethodsA retrospective analysis of the authors' clinical practice outcomes in the surgical management of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma following the planned-hepatectomy surgical treatment programme between 2009 and 2018.ResultsSome 473 patients were included, of whom 127 (26.8 per cent) underwent bile duct tumour resection alone, 44 (9.3 per cent) underwent bile duct tumour resection combined with restrictive hepatectomy, and 302 (63.8 per cent) underwent bile duct tumour resection combined with extensive hepatectomy. R0 resection was achieved in 82.2 per cent and the postoperative complication rate was similar between the different operations. The 5-year survival rates after surgery were 37.0, 37.3, and 28.4 per cent in the bile duct tumour resection alone, restrictive hepatectomy, and extensive hepatectomy groups respectively, with no statistically significant differences. As TNM staging progressed, the 1–5-year cumulative survival rate for the patients in the three groups showed a significant downward trend.ConclusionIn the setting of a high-volume centre, a planned-hepatectomy surgical treatment programme helps to strike a better balance between achieving radical tumour resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma and reasonable control of the extent of surgical damage.