CBF (C-repeat binding factor) transcription factor subfamily belongs to AP2/ERF (Apetala 2/ethylene-responsive factor) transcription factor family, known for playing a vital role in plant abiotic stress response. Although some CBF transcription factors have been identified in several species, such asArabidopsis, tobacco, tomato and poplar, research of CBF focus mainly on model plantArabidopsisand have not been reported inBetula platyphyllayet. In this study, a total of 20 BpCBF subfamily members were identified. The conserved domains, physicochemical properties, exon-intron gene structure and the structure of conserved protein motifs of BpCBFs were analyzed via bioinformatic tools. The collinearity analysis of CBF genes was performed betweenBetula platyphyllaandArabidopsis thaliana,Betula platyphylla,andPopulus trichocarpa. Thecis-acting elements in the promoter region ofBpCBFs were identified, which were mainly environmental stress-related and hormone-related element components. In this case, the expression patterns of the 20BpCBFs upon ABA or salt treatment were investigated. Most of these transcription factors were responsive to ABA or salt stress in different plant tissues. The up-regulation trend upon cold treatment of the six cold-responsive genes validated by qRT-PCR was consistent with the result of RNA-seq. BpCBF7 showed transcription activating activity. This study sheds light on the responses of BpCBFs to abiotic stress and provides a reference for further study of CBF transcription factors in woody plants.