ObjectiveTo determine the role of caspase-3, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expressions in term premature rupture of membrane (PROM).MethodsAn analytic observational study with case-control design was conducted, involving 52 subjects (37–42 weeks of gestation) who were divided into 2 groups: 26 cases of term delivery with PROM, and 26 controls of term delivery without PROM. The expressions of caspase-3, AIF, and Bcl-2 in the amniotic membrane were determined by immunohistochemistry. Data were analyzed using the chi-squared test. The risk of PROM was expressed by odds ratio (OR).ResultsThere were no significant differences in age, parity and body mass index between the two groups (p> 0.05). High caspase-3 and AIF expressions increased the risk of PROM 17.64 times (OR = 17.64; 95% CI = 4.44–70.07;p= 0.001) and 9.45 times (OR = 9.45; 95% CI= 2.62–34.07;p= 0.001), respectively, while low Bcl-2 expression increased 10.39 times (OR = 10.39; 95% CI = 2.73–39.56;p= 0.001)the risk of PROM .ConclusionHigh caspase-3 and AIF expressions and low Bcl-2 expression were risk factors for term PROM. Caspase-dependent and independent pathways of apoptosis were involved in the mechanism of PROM in term pregnancy.