Key PointsQuestionIs gender diversity associated with specific brain morphologic features among adolescents in the general population?FindingsIn this cross-sectional study of 2165 adolescents from the Netherlands general population, no significant differences in total brain volumetric measures were observed between youths who reported gender diversity and youths who did not.MeaningThese findings shed light on the role of biology in the development of gender diversity and may contribute to destigmatization, greater acceptance, and improved quality of life for individuals with diverse gender identities.