BackgroundThe efficacy of induction chemotherapy (IC) for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has improved significantly with the application of targeting drugs. Our previous study showed that a 4-day IC regimen of cyclophosphamide (CTX) and Ara-C [CA (4 + 3)] achieved similar complete remission (CR) rate (80%) compared with the traditional 7-day regimen, and the survival rate appeared to be better.MethodsIn this pilot study, we further shortened the CA regimen to 3 days, added low-dose venetoclax (VEN, 200 mg/day) (VCA), and reported the efficacy and safety here.ResultsTwenty-five newly diagnosed adult AML patients were enrolled in this study and evaluated for the remission rate after one cycle of the VCA regimen. The CR/Cri was 92%, and all these patients had undetectable minimal residual disease (MRD−). The estimated overall survival at 12 months was 79.3%. The median time for both platelet recovery and absolute neutrophil count recovery was 16 days, faster than that of traditional IC. Compared with the previous CA (4 + 3) regimen, a higher CR rate (92% vs. 80%,P< 0.01) and a deeper degree of remission (CRMRD−rate, 92% vs. 45%,P< 0.01) were found in the VCA group.ConclusionsThis study showed that the 3-day CTX and Ara-C regimen is highly effective in newly diagnosed AML patients, and the addition of VEN to the CA regimen achieves higher and deeper one-course remission.