<s>[INST] context: Hyperophy and necrosis of visceral epithelium It is the characteristic glomerulopathy associated with HIV infection. HIV can result in various glomerulopathies such as acute diffuse proliferative glonterulonephritis, inesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis including IgA nephropathy, MPGN and membranous glomerulopathy. But the classical glomerulopathy associated with HIV infection is collapsing ehnnerulopathy. Collapsing glomerulopathy is actually an aggressive form of focal segmental glonzerulosclerosis. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is characterized by sclerosis of some but not all glomeruli (thus it is focal) and in the affected glomeruli only a poion of the capillary tuft is involved. In contrast, collapsing glomerulopathy is characterized by collapse and sclerosis of the entire glomerular tuft (in addition to the usual. focal segmental glomerular lesions). Characteristic feature is proliferation and hyperophy of glomerular visceral epithelial cells. Remember this The minimum diagnostic criteria for defining a collapsing variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is : The presence by light microscopy of at least one glomerulus showing segmental or global obliteration of the glomerular capillary lumen by wrinkling and collapse of glomerular basement membrance in association with hyperophy and hyperplasia of overlying visceral epithelial cells. The other characteristic features which distinguishes HIV associated nephropathy from FSGS. - Presence of tubuloreticular inclusions Aggresive clinical course. [/INST] question: Collapsing glomerulopathy, features are | options: A: Tuft necrosis B: Mesangiolysis C: Parietal epithelial proliferation D: Hyperophy and necrosis of visceral epithelium | answer: D </s>