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Solve the following problem using Python, implementing the functions described below, one line at a time
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Description:

def handle_key_rotate(self, now):
        '''
        Rotate the AES key rotation
        '''
        to_rotate = False
        dfn = os.path.join(self.opts['cachedir'], '.dfn')
        try:
            stats = os.stat(dfn)
            # Basic Windows permissions don't distinguish between
            # user/group/all. Check for read-only state instead.
            if salt.utils.platform.is_windows() and not os.access(dfn, os.W_OK):
                to_rotate = True
                # Cannot delete read-only files on Windows.
                os.chmod(dfn, stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR)
            elif stats.st_mode == 0o100400:
                to_rotate = True
            else:
                log.error('Found dropfile with incorrect permissions, ignoring...')
            os.remove(dfn)
        except os.error:
            pass

        if self.opts.get('publish_session'):
            if now - self.rotate >= self.opts['publish_session']:
                to_rotate = True

        if to_rotate:
            log.info('Rotating master AES key')
            for secret_key, secret_map in six.iteritems(SMaster.secrets):
                # should be unnecessary-- since no one else should be modifying
                with secret_map['secret'].get_lock():
                    secret_map['secret'].value = salt.utils.stringutils.to_bytes(secret_map['reload']())
                self.event.fire_event({'rotate_{0}_key'.format(secret_key): True}, tag='key')
            self.rotate = now
            if self.opts.get('ping_on_rotate'):
                # Ping all minions to get them to pick up the new key
                log.debug('Pinging all connected minions '
                          'due to key rotation')
                salt.utils.master.ping_all_connected_minions(self.opts)