<SYSTEM_TASK:>
Solve the following problem using Python, implementing the functions described below, one line at a time
<END_TASK>
<USER_TASK:>
Description:
 def stripped_lib_dict(lib_dict, strip_prefix):
 """ Return `lib_dict` with `strip_prefix` removed from start of paths Use to give form of `lib_dict` that appears relative to some base path given by `strip_prefix`. Particularly useful for analyzing wheels where we unpack to a temporary path before analyzing. Parameters lib_dict : dict See :func:`tree_libs` for definition. All depending and depended paths are canonical (therefore absolute) strip_prefix : str Prefix to remove (if present) from all depended and depending library paths in `lib_dict` Returns ------- relative_dict : dict `lib_dict` with `strip_prefix` removed from beginning of all depended and depending library paths. """

    relative_dict = {}
    stripper = get_prefix_stripper(strip_prefix)

    for lib_path, dependings_dict in lib_dict.items():
        ding_dict = {}
        for depending_libpath, install_name in dependings_dict.items():
            ding_dict[stripper(depending_libpath)] = install_name
        relative_dict[stripper(lib_path)] = ding_dict
    return relative_dict