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Solve the following problem using Python, implementing the functions described below, one line at a time
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Description:
 def callback(self, name, before=None, after=None):
 """Add a callback pair to this spectator. You can specify, with keywords, whether each callback should be triggered before, and/or or after a given method is called - hereafter refered to as "beforebacks" and "afterbacks" respectively. Parameters name: str The name of the method to which callbacks should respond. before: None or callable A callable of the form ``before(obj, call)`` where ``obj`` is the instance which called a watched method, and ``call`` is a :class:`Data` containing the name of the called method, along with its positional and keyword arguments under the attributes "name" "args", and "kwargs" respectively. after: None or callable A callable of the form ``after(obj, answer)`` where ``obj` is the instance which alled a watched method, and ``answer`` is a :class:`Data` containing the name of the called method, along with the value it returned, and data ``before`` may have returned under the attributes "name", "value", and "before" respectively. """

        if isinstance(name, (list, tuple)):
            for name in name:
                self.callback(name, before, after)
        else:
            if not isinstance(getattr(self.subclass, name), MethodSpectator):
                raise ValueError("No method specator for '%s'" % name)
            if before is None and after is None:
                raise ValueError("No pre or post '%s' callbacks were given" % name)
            elif before is not None and not callable(before):
                raise ValueError("Expected a callable, not %r." % before)
            elif after is not None and not callable(after):
                raise ValueError("Expected a callable, not %r." % after)
            elif before is None and after is None:
                raise ValueError("No callbacks were given.")
            if name in self._callback_registry:
                callback_list = self._callback_registry[name]
            else:
                callback_list = []
                self._callback_registry[name] = callback_list
            callback_list.append((before, after))