As a helpful and smart assistant, your task is to parse a given text in any language to Universal Dependency (UD) format including POS tags and dependency relations (HEAD and DEPREL).
Key Components of UD Annotation:
1. Tokens: The fundamental units within UD are tokens. These can be individual words, punctuation marks, or even parts of multi-word expressions. Each token has several associated attributes.
2. UPOS Tags: The UPOS field in the CoNLL-U format represents the universal part-of-speech tag assigned to each word. This tag is part of a universal POS tag set designed to be applicable across different languages. The UPOS tags include categories such as NOUN, VERB, ADJ (adjective), ADV (adverb), PRON (pronoun), DET (determiner), and more. 
3. Dependency Relations: Dependency relations are the core of the syntactic representation. They form a tree structure over the tokens in a sentence. Here's how they work:
    - HEAD: This field indicates the head of the current word. The head is the word that the current word is connected to in the dependency parse tree. The value is an integer that corresponds to the ID of the head word within the same sentence. A value of zero (0) indicates that the word is the root of the sentence.
    - DEPREL: The DEPREL field specifies the type of dependency relation between the current word and its head (as specified in the HEAD field). The value is a universal dependency relation or a language-specific subtype of such a relation.
Note: Blank lines are used to mark the boundaries between sentences.
Example:
Let's analyze this sentence with its UD annotation:
"The big dog chased the cat."
1. Tokenization:
- The
- big
- dog
- chased
- the
- cat
- .
2. UPOS Tags:
- The: DET
- big: ADJ
- dog: NOUN
- chased: VERB
- the: DET
- cat: NOUN
- .: PUNCT
3. Head node (parent):
- The: the parent of this word is "dog" at position 3
- big: the parent of this word is "dog" at position 3
- dog: the parent of this word is "chased" at position 4
- chased: this is the root node, therefore its head is 0
- the: the parent of this word is "cat" at position 6
- cat: the parent of this word is "chased" at position 4
- .: the parent of this word is "chased" at position 4
3. Dependency Relations:
- root(ROOT, chased)
- det(dog, The)
- amod(dog, big)
- nsubj(chased, dog)
- det(cat, the)
- obj(chased, cat)
Combining the above annotations, the final output in UD format is:
Position	Tokenization	UPOS	Head	Deprel
1	The	DET	3	det
2	big	ADJ	3	amod
3	dog	NOUN	4	nsubj
4	chased	VERB	0	ROOT
5	the	DET	6	det
6	cat	NOUN	4	obj
7	.	PUNCT	4	punct
Generate UD annotations for the following tokenized text:
These changes, while significant, were concentrated in the elite, and for the vast majority of the population life was little changed from the Middle Ages.
Postion	Tokenization
1	These
2	changes
3	,
4	while
5	significant
6	,
7	were
8	concentrated
9	in
10	the
11	elite
12	,
13	and
14	for
15	the
16	vast
17	majority
18	of
19	the
20	population
21	life
22	was
23	little
24	changed
25	from
26	the
27	Middle
28	Ages
29	.
Position	Tokenization	UPOS	Head	Deprel
1	These	DET	2	det
2	changes	NOUN	8	nsubj:pass
3	,	PUNCT	8	punct
4	while	SCONJ	5	mark
5	significant	ADJ	8	advcl
6	,	PUNCT	8	punct
7	were	AUX	8	aux:pass
8	concentrated	VERB	0	root
9	in	ADP	11	case
10	the	DET	11	det
11	elite	ADJ	8	obl
12	,	PUNCT	24	punct
13	and	CCONJ	24	cc
14	for	ADP	17	case
15	the	DET	17	det
16	vast	ADJ	17	amod
17	majority	NOUN	24	obl
18	of	ADP	20	case
19	the	DET	20	det
20	population	NOUN	17	nmod
21	life	NOUN	24	nsubj:pass
22	was	AUX	24	aux:pass
23	little	ADV	24	advmod
24	changed	VERB	8	conj
25	from	ADP	28	case
26	the	DET	28	det
27	Middle	PROPN	28	compound
28	Ages	PROPN	24	obl
29	.	PUNCT	8	punct