 ሆኖም ፣ አብዛኛዎቹ መረጃዎች ለብዙ የወለል ድር መተግበሪያዎች ሥነ ምህዳር ስለሚፈጥሩ አሁንም እነሱ ከበይነመረቡ ጋር የተገናኙ ናቸው።
However, most of the approaches are derived from natural cell membrane coatings, which are still too primitive compared with living cells.