Vows of chastity can also be taken by laypersons, both as Portion of an organised religious lifestyle (including Roman Catholic Beguines and Beghards in past times) or on an individual foundation: like a voluntary act of devotion, or as A part of an ascetic Life-style (usually devoted to contemplation), or each.
Izifungo zobumsulwa zingathathwa njengengxenye yempilo yenkolo ehlelekile (njenge-Roman Catholic Beguines neBeghards esikhathini esedlule) noma ngazodwana: njengesenzo sokuzithandela sokuzinikela, noma njengengxenye yendlela yokuphila yokuzincisha (evame ukunikelwa ukucabanga), noma zombili.