The satellite communication systems and satellite navigation systems usually require the antenna to provide compact size , wide beam , circular polarization and high gain at low elevation . Based on these needs , a new type of dual-band wide beamwidth quadrifilar helix antenna ( QHA ) is designed . An apparatus and a method for controlling interference in a satellite communication system are provided to vary transmission power , thereby effectively reducing an interference signal flowing into another satellite communication network or another wireless communication network . A power control unit(260 ) predicts a state of a channel through which a receiving signal passes from the receiving signal . The core of Space-based Internet(SI ) is satellite communication network , while routing algorithm is the key technology of satellite communication network and the foundation for reliable and effective information transmission . Based on analysis of some typical routing algorithms a novel routing algorithm known as Simple QoS-qualified Routing Algorithm(SQRA ) is proposed , which could improve integrated performances on the premise of no increase in computation complexity . For satellite network with high propagation delay , short communication time and sudden large amount of business , an active repeat transmission strategy applicable to high-priority and real-time business was designed , and based on it , the multiple access control method of active repeat spread spectrum slottedALOHA(AR-SS-S-ALOHA ) for satellite communication network was presented . The proposed method combines the advantages of spread spectrum communication , S-ALOHA random access control protocol and active repeat transmission strategy , and can provide " differentiated services"in special circumstances . It is an inseparable component from the Global Network infrastructure . In this study , we recapitulate , compare and comments on proposed approaches for the satellite based communication with keeping in view the parameters such as efficient data transfer between the satellite and the ground station , various on-board data processing techniques , prioritizing the payload data , load balancing and optimizing energy consumption issues . In this paper , Constant-Envelope Precoding techniques are presented for satellite-based communication systems . In the developed transmission technique the signals of the antennas are designed to be of constant amplitude , improving the robustness of the latter to the nonlinear distortions on satellite systems , introduced by the employed on-board Traveling-Wave-Tube-Amplifiers . The reliability of satellite data communication can be enhanced by designing two subsystems involving data communication among subsystem and data communication between satellie and Ground Station ( GS ) . In this paper , Error Control Coding ( ECC ) is applied in satellite data communication with Automatic Repeat Request ( ARQ ) method . Further , bit error checking uses the calculation of 15 bit Cyclic Redundancy Check ( CRC ) Controller Area Network ( CAN ) standard . Theoretical estimates of the average bit error rate for a digital satellite link subject to scintillation fading are presented for NCFSK and CPSK modulations . Other ways in which scintillations can affect a satellite communication link are discussed , and results are also presented showing the seasonal and diurnal variability of the scintillation intensity and long-term correlation with ground temperature . It should be noted that all stations are in the tropical region of West Africa where rainfall is very high and therefore will experience more signal loss due to the presence of rain , cloud , oxygen , and water vapor even in clear-sky or none rainy conditions . The overall results will be helpful for system planning and better performance of satellite communication link in West Africa region . For helicopter signals with time-variant Doppler shift , a cyclic frequency smoothing method is proposed . This method does not have a counterpart in communication applications , and should be useful for acoustic signal processing . Most previous research was based on a simpliied model and had two main limitations : ( 1 ) delays and deadlines were only considered at the MAC level ; and ( 2 ) in order to simplify the analysis , only one message stream per node was allowed . These limitations restrict the applicability of the past research to practical FDDI-based communication systems , since in these systems , multiple communication applications may have to run on the same node to send out messages , and the processing delays of higher layers than MAC layer may have great impact on the total delay . Our work removes these limitations and shows a systematic way for managing end-to-end message delays at the application level on an FDDI network . The state estimation technique based on the Kaiman filter ( KF ) is widely used in many communication applications . The KF is only optimal for linear modeling with independent and identically distributed ( i.i.d . ) Mechanism for the clock recovery for streaming content over the packetized network to facilitate is disclosed . The method of embodiment includes a process of receiving the estimated data stream at the first device . With Internet host counts doubling every five to seven months , there is a pressing need for high-speed interconnect circuits in routers , switches , and computer systems . These transmitter ( TX ) and receiver ( RX ) chips for 10 Gb/s serial data transmission provide clock generation , 16:1 multiplexing , clock recovery , 1:16 demultiplexing and loss of signal ( LOS ) detection . No errors are seen in a 24-hour test period across 21 feet of 0.190 " diameter coax , implying a BER better than 10/sup -14/ and demonstrating the feasibility of short-distance 10 Gb/s transmission using copper-based links . Relates clock generating circuit and a signal reproduction circuit including the same , in particular , the data judgment / phase comparison circuit capable of performing both data determination and phase comparison in the single-phase clock , and CDR with it ( Clock Data Recovery ) to provide a circuit . Incorrect data determination period required for the data determination ( setup / hold time ) two different data judging unit G_GOOD , enter the same data and clock G_BAD , data determination period is shorter data judging unit required the output of G_GOOD the data output of the data judgment / phase comparison circuit , both data judging unit of the output signal indicates that the clock phase is too early if different Early , or a signal late indicating that the clock phase is too slow Output . This work presents simple and fast reliability estimation techniques for two of the most widely used systems : digital-to-analog converter ( DAC ) and SRAM . The DAC is exclusively adopted by most mixed-signal systems such as high performance transceivers , digital phase-locked loop , clock-data recovery , and successive approximation . Depending on their purpose , the DAC design may demand different design targets . This paper addresses the clock recovery problem while transporting MPEG-2 systems layer streams over packet-switched networks . The packet delay variation ( jitter ) introduced by the network affects the stability and thus the quality of the recovered clock . Clock signal recovery is very important in optical fiber communications . It is the base of realizing effective and credible communications . All-optical techniques to perform various functions relevant to fiber communication systems including time multi- and demultiplexing , phase-conjugation , parametric amplification , and clock generation/recovery , by exploiting fiber nonlinearities will be discussed . Scientific and technological challenges will also briefly be addressed . We present a clock recovery technique for burst mode systems that performs the functions of clock phase recovery , burst synchronization ( to determine the first data bit in the burst ) , and timing alarm generation ( to maintain bursts within their designated time slots ) . The method is based on the use of a correlation algorithm in which the incoming preamble containing a ' 0 1 0 ' bit sequence is sampled with multiple clock phases and correlated with stored , time delayed versions of the same sequence . The data that conforms to the two standard data mapping format was output by using a data distributor . Combining with the characteristics of the Xilinx 's FPGA clock processing macro block , the method of the clock recovering was researched . The periodic constraints , the special constraints , and the location constraints were used to improve the reliability of system . This all-digital implementation requires little overhead and no special encoding of data streams is required . A high speed 2-bit ADC is designed and presented for clock recovery purpose . This circuit also can save the chip area and has the features of frequency auto-adaptability and clock deletion recovery . The simulation shows that the circuit is power efficient and very suitable for integration to realize the clock self-recovery , and the maximal frequency of clock self-recovery is 350 MHz . It is quantitatively shown how much the two cooperative protocols increase throughput , lower delivery latency , and extend transmission span , when compared to the conventional IEEE 802.11b protocol . These features may help improve connectivity and network performance in ad hoc applications . Many ad hoc network applications rely on nodes having accurate knowledge of their geographic locations . However , inherent in all localization systems is a degree of error in computed positions , which can compromise the accuracy and efficiency of location dependent applications and protocols . We first derive sufficient local feasibility conditions for certain topology classes and show that trees can be maximally utilized . We then introduce a converging distributed link scheduling algorithm that exploits the logical tree structure that arises in several ad hoc network applications . Decoupling bandwidth allocation to multi-hop sessions from link scheduling allows support of various end-to-end Quality of Service ( QoS ) objectives . The growing interest in ad hoc wireless network applications that are made of large and dense populations of lightweight system resources , calls for scalable approaches to fault tolerance . Moreover , the nature of these systems creates significant challenges for the development of failure detection services ( FDSs ) , because their quality often depends heavily on reliable communication . We describe a VLSI implementation based on a FPGA of a new greedy algorithm for approximating minimum set covering in ad hoc wireless network applications . The implementation makes the algorithm suitable for embedded and real-time architectures . Wireless ad hoc networks , mobile or static , have special resource requirements and topology features , which make them different from classic computer networks in resource management , routing , media access control , and QoS provisioning . Some of our day-to-day situations directly relate to ad hoc wireless network applications , such as self-organization , mobility management , and energy efficient design . Within thirteen self-contained chapters , this volume provides a complete survey of the state-of-the-art research that encompasses all areas of ad hoc and sensor networks . In this paper an analytical conclusion is present on the adjustment for the various transmission overheads , in order to upgrade bandwidth efficiency . The ad hoc network environment applications mostly have a lone sender , one or multiple end receivers and of course a number of intermediate nodes . The whole transmission scenarios can thus make it possible to classify nodes on the basis of various transmission states . In this paper we explore the ability to support multimedia trafficin indoor , wireless ad hoc PANs ( Personal Area Networks ) using theBluetooth technology . We first define the representative ad hocnetworking applications such as wireless access to the Internet , document distribution , videoconferencing , webcasting , interactionwith sensors and actuators , etc . For such applications , we definethe performance requirements placed on the PAN . This paper investigates the use of the workflow methodology for group communication applications in highly distributed and dynamic wireless networks . The need for distributed ad hoc wireless communication applications is commonplace in defense and emergency response situations and is also becoming of more interest for commercial and industrial applications . Within this space , there is a need for a reusable structured methodology , such as what workflows can provide , to be able to specify collaborative applications , distributed processing and logic to support a variety of deployment scenarios in a common way . This model reduces the maximum completion time ( makespan ) as compared to the ADLT and Constraint DLT ( CDLT ) models . Experimental results showed that the model can balance the load efficiently , especially when the communication-intensive applications are considered . Purpose of this paper is to present an extension to LPA-MacProlog that allows the programmer to build communication-based applications . A simple set of primitives to open and close communication , and to send and to receive messages to other processes running in Prolog on different machines connected over an AppleTalk network , have been provided . Web services have often been recommended for providing , composing and realizing telecom services but introducing them means facing up with several challenges . This work sharpens benefits and drawbacks of Web service applications within a telecom environment focusing in particular on JAIN SLEE architecture , which defines a standard environment targeted at communication-based applications We classify network applications to two types of applications , transaction and communication based ones . In this paper , we consider communication based applications like the file transfer protocol ( FTP ) . A computer named server consumes the electric power to transfer a file to a client depending on the transmission rate . A low-cost microwave medical imaging system , which uses software defined radio ( SDR ) technology , is presented . SDR technology has long been used to quickly develop and prototype new communication system applications . Due to its generic nature , it has the potential to be mass-produced lowering the cost . This paper describes the design of a system-on-a-chip ( SoC ) that integrates ADC , DAC , DDC and DDS blocks for communication system applications . Special considerations are given to the noise , power and ground , ESD and packaging design to ensure design success . Abstract Major modern day computing and communication rely upon the underlying network used for data transportation . A strong and robust network is a prerequisite for communication oriented applications . One kind of communication networks used for data transportation known as Mobile ad hoc Networks ( MANET ) have been discussed in this paper and work has been done on their capability enhancement . An important new class of communication-oriented applications are described as multi-party interactive multimedia applications . In this paper , we examine the programming abstractions , system support and communication services required by these applications ; evaluate existing support ; and propose strategies for improving support by combining current systems with new designs . Turbo codes are the usual preference in channel coding for their efficient performance , therefore a number of researches has been effectuated under different conditions and for various communication related applications . In this paper , two generic design methods of turbo codes and turbo-like codes are presented . A high performance low-profile antenna array with low sidelobe level ( SLL ) and optimum beamwidth is in general preferred in several communication related applications . In this paper a planar microstrip array antenna with low SLL up to −20 dB and high gain performance is designed for 10 GHz . In energy-aware systems , it is critical to discuss how to reduce the total electric power consumption of information systems . In this paper , we consider communication type applications where a server transmits a large volume of data to clients . A client first selects a server in a cluster of servers and issues a file transmission request to the server . In order to realize energy-aware information systems , it is critical to discuss how to reduce the total electric power consumption of information systems . In this paper , we consider communication type applications where a server transmits a large volume of data to clients . A client first selects a server in a cluster of servers and issues a file transmission request to the server . The stripes are alterable in both orientation and in periodicity by an applied expernal magnetic field ; the result is a a two dimensional wide angle light deflector . The application of such films for intersatellite communication and for a non-blocking fiber-optic switchboard is described . The one area where satellites have an advantage would be for transmissions that occur above the Earth ’s atmosphere . The use of light waves or laser communications for intersatellite links ( ISLs ) or cross-links to connect satellites in orbit is not only possible but is starting to be used for this purpose . Laser cross-links for low Earth orbit constellations is easiest , but this is also possible for medium Earth orbit constellations or even GEO satellites . Optical communications will complement radio frequency ( RF ) communications in the coming decades to enhance throughput , power efficiency and link security of satellite communication links . To enable optical communications technology for intersatellite links and ( bi-directional ) ground to satellite links , TNO develops a suite of technologies in collaboration with industry , which comprises of terminals with different aperture sizes , coarse pointing assemblies and fast steering mirrors . This paper presents the current state of the development of TNO technology for optical space communications . Coherence multiplexing ( CM ) is an attractive technique for satellite networking due to its ability to cope with the asynchronous nature of communication traffic and the dynamic changes taking place in the satellite constellation . The use of optical radiation for intersatellite links creates very narrow beam divergence angles . Due to the narrow beam divergence angle , the vibration of the pointing system , the movement of the satellite , and the large distance between them the pointing from one satellite to another is a complicated task . The idea is to enable on-orbit decision making including reactive planning and scheduling decisions , as well as complex resource management in space networks . The space cloud is the missing element to enable efficient and reliable intersatellite connectivity on top of which a whole new set of services and opportunities can be built in a similar fashion to what happened for the Internet during the 1990s . Building on previous work by the authors , this paper illustrates new efforts for the development of the space cloud concept through the demonstration of optical communication technology as a backbone for cloud computing in space . Optical communication fiber link can reach from fibers to the wireless system such as InterSatellite transmission system . InterSatellite communication is used for the communication between two satellites . The simulation and measurement shows that the antenna design has a performance in accordance with the desired specifications . The antenna design is suitable for the application of navigation radar due to the simplicity in structure , lightweight and ease of fabrication . The letters needing to be expressed are filled into a letter storage and transportation cabin and a computer control center controls the work flow of the letter storage and transportation cabin . Current output by a lithium ion battery provides working power for a navigation radar through an electric lead ; and the navigation radar transmits or receives wave beams modulated by signals through a wireless antenna and ensures that the unmanned aerial vehicle can accurately fly to destinations of the expressed letters under the synergistic effect of the computer control center . The current output by the lithium ion battery provides the power for a motor through an electric lead so as to ensure that a transmission shaft drives a hoisting rotary wing to rotate and provide the power for the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle . Aimed at the identification problem of the non-stationary moving formation targets , a method of narrowband radar target sorties identification based on the adaptive optimal kernel(AOK ) is studied , in terms of ISAR techniques and non-stationary time-frequency analytic theory , and the process and algorithm procedure for narrowband radar target sorties identification are given in this paper . Different from the traditional ways , the studied method uses Doppler differences resulted from the targets relative to the rotary motion to identify the targets , and takes the suppression of cross interference and the signal energy clustering into consideration , earning the optimal identification results . Off-axis holography techniques , which are commonly used to perform phase retrieval from amplitude-only data , require a full-characterization of the reference signal in terms of amplitude and phase . In this letter , it is demonstrated that the recently proposed version of the off-axis holography , working with a broadband synthetic aperture radar , can bypass the need for this calibration . The strategy is based on employing a calibration object to adjust the system . Abstract : This technical report addresses issues involved in the integration , enhancement and porting of two large knowledge-based systems , ( 1 ) Expert System Constant False Alarm Rate ( ES-tFAR ) and ( 2 ) The Integrated Multi-Domain Radar Demonstration ( IMRD ) , to more current software/hardware platforms using sound software engineering principles . In addition , the relationship is intuitively shown by three-dimensional plot . Numerical results show that the parameters selection of FBLMS is beneficial to implement in the system of noise FM-CW radar . This radar has broad applications and development prospects in both civil and military aspects . Certainly it is a major object in the area of radar jamming research area . In the past several years , we analyzed the SAR jamming principles , derived a SAR jamming equation , carried out a variety of simulation experiments , and obtained a lot of jamming data and jamming pictures through indoor small power jamming test and actual flying tests . The existing joint design methods of transmit waveform and receive filter for cognitive radar(CR ) radar are all based on the precise previous information about the target and interference , also the efficiency of transmitter has not been taken into account in practical applications . For these problems , a low peak-to-average power ratio ( PAR ) robust waveform and receive filter design algorithm is proposed under the assumption of random target impulse response ( TIR ) and signal-dependent interference . This relationship is demonstrated as an accurate means of threshold prediction for the radar target parameter estimation of frequency , time-delay and angle-of-arrival . For the co-design radar and communications system problem , the use of a common The evaluations and results provided in the show that a proper selection of De Bruijn binary sequences as spreading codes in multiuser communications allows to obtain improved performance , with respect to more traditional solutions , like those based on the use of classical Gold codes , m sequences , and OVSF codes . Promising results have been obtained also in DS sequence SS radar simulations , where the number of available sequences may be important to cope with specific scenarios , such as anticollision vehicular radar applications . The behavior exhibited by De Bruijn sequences motivates the efforts aimed at providing an efficient generation algorithm to obtain the complete set of codes for even greater values of n and performing an exhaustive evaluation of their properties . This paper studies the distributed passive radar three-dimensional ( 3-D ) imaging under the 3-D configuration formed by the illuminators of opportunity and the distributed receivers . The echoes received by the distributed channels actually constitute the target wavenumber-domain coverage , whose characteristics such as range , uniformity and compactness greatly affect the inversion performance . With the increasing number of image communication applications especially in the low complexity domain , error concealment has become a very important field of research . Since many compression standards for images and videos are block-based a lot of methods were applied to conceal block losses in monocular images . We present a novel interleaving scheme for image communication applications . The proposed interleaver uses the shortened block codes as the row codes , so it has a trapezoid-like structure that results in less than linear rate of increase in decoding delay as we increase the interleaving degree . We present a data embedding method for image communication applications . Our goal is to implement novel multimedia applications such as multi-language captions , interactive programming and title specific features over the existing image communication channel . This work reports on the analytical and experimental characterization of micromachined microwave transmission lines used in RF communication applications . New analytic approximations are derived for the quasi-static capacitance of coplanar transmission lines with finite metallization thickness . In this paper , we will briefly outline our contributions for the physical realization of coded OTDR , along with its principles and also highlight recent key results related with its applications . For the communication network application , we report a multi-port / multi-wavelength , high-speed supervisory system for the in-service monitoring of a bidirectional WDM-PON system transmission line up to 16 ports x 32 nodes ( 512 users ) capacity . Monitoring of individual branch traces up to 60 km was achieved with the application of a 127-bit simplex code , corresponding to a 7.5dB SNR coding gain effectively reducing the measurement time about 30 times when compared to conventional average mode OTDR . The full warm back-up digital processing of the present invention and light distribution system overcome the not high disadvantage of existing backup digital light compartment system reliability , extend the application range of full backup digital light compartment system , requirement when not only meeting the requirement of high reliability in existing mobile communication and private network communication network , and meeting future communications network Joint construction and sharing to multi-frequency-band digital light distribution system . Therefore one kind proposed by the invention completely new full warm back-up digital processing and light distribution system has boundless application prospect in the higher communication network application of reliability requirement . Its design idea is described and software realization is given . Comparison of various multithreading schemes indicates that the scheme based on multithreading queue can meet the needs of traffic supervision system for communication software application and has effectiveness as expected . A communication software application ( 50 ) and a radio communication driver software ( 70 ) for allowing radio communication between the portable computer ( 3 ) and the external device ( 4 ) are supplied from the video game machine ( 2 ) the portable computer ( 3 ) , and stored in a memory of the portable computer ( 3 ) . The portable computer ( 3 ) which received the communication software application ( 50 ) and the radio communication driver software ( 70 ) to send and receive data between the video game machine ( 2 ) and the external device ( 4 ) via the laptop ( 3 ) . Both stand-alone and on-line applications are being used to provide information on and training in nutrition education for the public , paraprofessionals , and professionals . While the use of on-line communication applications such as electronic mail ( e-mail ) , electronic discussion groups , and list-servs are just emerging as important tools among nutrition educators , the exponential growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web are making these technologies more and more accessible . Nutrition educators are encouraged to explore the opportunities and challenges of these new technologies to enhance their work . We present an evaluation of the performance and cost tradeoffs of HPC applications on a range of platforms varying from Cloud ( with and without virtualization ) to HPC-optimized cluster . Our results show that Cloud is viable platform for some applications , specifically , non communicationintensive applications such as embarrassingly parallel and tree-structured computations up to high processor count and for communication-intensive applications up to low processor count .
The satellite communication systems and satellite navigation systems usually require the antenna to provide compact size , wide beam , circular polarization and high gain at low elevation . Based on these needs , a new type of dual-band wide beamwidth quadrifilar helix antenna ( QHA ) is designed .
An apparatus and a method for controlling interference in a satellite communication system are provided to vary transmission power , thereby effectively reducing an interference signal flowing into another satellite communication network or another wireless communication network . A power control unit(260 ) predicts a state of a channel through which a receiving signal passes from the receiving signal .
The core of Space-based Internet(SI ) is satellite communication network , while routing algorithm is the key technology of satellite communication network and the foundation for reliable and effective information transmission . Based on analysis of some typical routing algorithms a novel routing algorithm known as Simple QoS-qualified Routing Algorithm(SQRA ) is proposed , which could improve integrated performances on the premise of no increase in computation complexity .
For satellite network with high propagation delay , short communication time and sudden large amount of business , an active repeat transmission strategy applicable to high-priority and real-time business was designed , and based on it , the multiple access control method of active repeat spread spectrum slottedALOHA(AR-SS-S-ALOHA ) for satellite communication network was presented . The proposed method combines the advantages of spread spectrum communication , S-ALOHA random access control protocol and active repeat transmission strategy , and can provide " differentiated services"in special circumstances .
It is an inseparable component from the Global Network infrastructure . In this study , we recapitulate , compare and comments on proposed approaches for the satellite based communication with keeping in view the parameters such as efficient data transfer between the satellite and the ground station , various on-board data processing techniques , prioritizing the payload data , load balancing and optimizing energy consumption issues .
In this paper , Constant-Envelope Precoding techniques are presented for satellite-based communication systems . In the developed transmission technique the signals of the antennas are designed to be of constant amplitude , improving the robustness of the latter to the nonlinear distortions on satellite systems , introduced by the employed on-board Traveling-Wave-Tube-Amplifiers .
The reliability of satellite data communication can be enhanced by designing two subsystems involving data communication among subsystem and data communication between satellie and Ground Station ( GS ) . In this paper , Error Control Coding ( ECC ) is applied in satellite data communication with Automatic Repeat Request ( ARQ ) method . Further , bit error checking uses the calculation of 15 bit Cyclic Redundancy Check ( CRC ) Controller Area Network ( CAN ) standard .
Theoretical estimates of the average bit error rate for a digital satellite link subject to scintillation fading are presented for NCFSK and CPSK modulations . Other ways in which scintillations can affect a satellite communication link are discussed , and results are also presented showing the seasonal and diurnal variability of the scintillation intensity and long-term correlation with ground temperature .
It should be noted that all stations are in the tropical region of West Africa where rainfall is very high and therefore will experience more signal loss due to the presence of rain , cloud , oxygen , and water vapor even in clear-sky or none rainy conditions . The overall results will be helpful for system planning and better performance of satellite communication link in West Africa region .
For helicopter signals with time-variant Doppler shift , a cyclic frequency smoothing method is proposed . This method does not have a counterpart in communication applications , and should be useful for acoustic signal processing .
Most previous research was based on a simpliied model and had two main limitations : ( 1 ) delays and deadlines were only considered at the MAC level ; and ( 2 ) in order to simplify the analysis , only one message stream per node was allowed . These limitations restrict the applicability of the past research to practical FDDI-based communication systems , since in these systems , multiple communication applications may have to run on the same node to send out messages , and the processing delays of higher layers than MAC layer may have great impact on the total delay . Our work removes these limitations and shows a systematic way for managing end-to-end message delays at the application level on an FDDI network .
The state estimation technique based on the Kaiman filter ( KF ) is widely used in many communication applications . The KF is only optimal for linear modeling with independent and identically distributed ( i.i.d . )
Mechanism for the clock recovery for streaming content over the packetized network to facilitate is disclosed . The method of embodiment includes a process of receiving the estimated data stream at the first device .
With Internet host counts doubling every five to seven months , there is a pressing need for high-speed interconnect circuits in routers , switches , and computer systems . These transmitter ( TX ) and receiver ( RX ) chips for 10 Gb/s serial data transmission provide clock generation , 16:1 multiplexing , clock recovery , 1:16 demultiplexing and loss of signal ( LOS ) detection . No errors are seen in a 24-hour test period across 21 feet of 0.190 " diameter coax , implying a BER better than 10/sup -14/ and demonstrating the feasibility of short-distance 10 Gb/s transmission using copper-based links .
Relates clock generating circuit and a signal reproduction circuit including the same , in particular , the data judgment / phase comparison circuit capable of performing both data determination and phase comparison in the single-phase clock , and CDR with it ( Clock Data Recovery ) to provide a circuit . Incorrect data determination period required for the data determination ( setup / hold time ) two different data judging unit G_GOOD , enter the same data and clock G_BAD , data determination period is shorter data judging unit required the output of G_GOOD the data output of the data judgment / phase comparison circuit , both data judging unit of the output signal indicates that the clock phase is too early if different Early , or a signal late indicating that the clock phase is too slow Output .
This work presents simple and fast reliability estimation techniques for two of the most widely used systems : digital-to-analog converter ( DAC ) and SRAM . The DAC is exclusively adopted by most mixed-signal systems such as high performance transceivers , digital phase-locked loop , clock-data recovery , and successive approximation . Depending on their purpose , the DAC design may demand different design targets .
This paper addresses the clock recovery problem while transporting MPEG-2 systems layer streams over packet-switched networks . The packet delay variation ( jitter ) introduced by the network affects the stability and thus the quality of the recovered clock .
Clock signal recovery is very important in optical fiber communications . It is the base of realizing effective and credible communications .
All-optical techniques to perform various functions relevant to fiber communication systems including time multi- and demultiplexing , phase-conjugation , parametric amplification , and clock generation/recovery , by exploiting fiber nonlinearities will be discussed . Scientific and technological challenges will also briefly be addressed .
We present a clock recovery technique for burst mode systems that performs the functions of clock phase recovery , burst synchronization ( to determine the first data bit in the burst ) , and timing alarm generation ( to maintain bursts within their designated time slots ) . The method is based on the use of a correlation algorithm in which the incoming preamble containing a ' 0 1 0 ' bit sequence is sampled with multiple clock phases and correlated with stored , time delayed versions of the same sequence .
The data that conforms to the two standard data mapping format was output by using a data distributor . Combining with the characteristics of the Xilinx 's FPGA clock processing macro block , the method of the clock recovering was researched . The periodic constraints , the special constraints , and the location constraints were used to improve the reliability of system .
This all-digital implementation requires little overhead and no special encoding of data streams is required . A high speed 2-bit ADC is designed and presented for clock recovery purpose .
This circuit also can save the chip area and has the features of frequency auto-adaptability and clock deletion recovery . The simulation shows that the circuit is power efficient and very suitable for integration to realize the clock self-recovery , and the maximal frequency of clock self-recovery is 350 MHz .
It is quantitatively shown how much the two cooperative protocols increase throughput , lower delivery latency , and extend transmission span , when compared to the conventional IEEE 802.11b protocol . These features may help improve connectivity and network performance in ad hoc applications .
Many ad hoc network applications rely on nodes having accurate knowledge of their geographic locations . However , inherent in all localization systems is a degree of error in computed positions , which can compromise the accuracy and efficiency of location dependent applications and protocols .
We first derive sufficient local feasibility conditions for certain topology classes and show that trees can be maximally utilized . We then introduce a converging distributed link scheduling algorithm that exploits the logical tree structure that arises in several ad hoc network applications . Decoupling bandwidth allocation to multi-hop sessions from link scheduling allows support of various end-to-end Quality of Service ( QoS ) objectives .
The growing interest in ad hoc wireless network applications that are made of large and dense populations of lightweight system resources , calls for scalable approaches to fault tolerance . Moreover , the nature of these systems creates significant challenges for the development of failure detection services ( FDSs ) , because their quality often depends heavily on reliable communication .
We describe a VLSI implementation based on a FPGA of a new greedy algorithm for approximating minimum set covering in ad hoc wireless network applications . The implementation makes the algorithm suitable for embedded and real-time architectures .
Wireless ad hoc networks , mobile or static , have special resource requirements and topology features , which make them different from classic computer networks in resource management , routing , media access control , and QoS provisioning . Some of our day-to-day situations directly relate to ad hoc wireless network applications , such as self-organization , mobility management , and energy efficient design . Within thirteen self-contained chapters , this volume provides a complete survey of the state-of-the-art research that encompasses all areas of ad hoc and sensor networks .
In this paper an analytical conclusion is present on the adjustment for the various transmission overheads , in order to upgrade bandwidth efficiency . The ad hoc network environment applications mostly have a lone sender , one or multiple end receivers and of course a number of intermediate nodes . The whole transmission scenarios can thus make it possible to classify nodes on the basis of various transmission states .
In this paper we explore the ability to support multimedia trafficin indoor , wireless ad hoc PANs ( Personal Area Networks ) using theBluetooth technology . We first define the representative ad hocnetworking applications such as wireless access to the Internet , document distribution , videoconferencing , webcasting , interactionwith sensors and actuators , etc . For such applications , we definethe performance requirements placed on the PAN .
This paper investigates the use of the workflow methodology for group communication applications in highly distributed and dynamic wireless networks . The need for distributed ad hoc wireless communication applications is commonplace in defense and emergency response situations and is also becoming of more interest for commercial and industrial applications . Within this space , there is a need for a reusable structured methodology , such as what workflows can provide , to be able to specify collaborative applications , distributed processing and logic to support a variety of deployment scenarios in a common way .
This model reduces the maximum completion time ( makespan ) as compared to the ADLT and Constraint DLT ( CDLT ) models . Experimental results showed that the model can balance the load efficiently , especially when the communication-intensive applications are considered .
Purpose of this paper is to present an extension to LPA-MacProlog that allows the programmer to build communication-based applications . A simple set of primitives to open and close communication , and to send and to receive messages to other processes running in Prolog on different machines connected over an AppleTalk network , have been provided .
Web services have often been recommended for providing , composing and realizing telecom services but introducing them means facing up with several challenges . This work sharpens benefits and drawbacks of Web service applications within a telecom environment focusing in particular on JAIN SLEE architecture , which defines a standard environment targeted at communication-based applications
We classify network applications to two types of applications , transaction and communication based ones . In this paper , we consider communication based applications like the file transfer protocol ( FTP ) . A computer named server consumes the electric power to transfer a file to a client depending on the transmission rate .
A low-cost microwave medical imaging system , which uses software defined radio ( SDR ) technology , is presented . SDR technology has long been used to quickly develop and prototype new communication system applications . Due to its generic nature , it has the potential to be mass-produced lowering the cost .
This paper describes the design of a system-on-a-chip ( SoC ) that integrates ADC , DAC , DDC and DDS blocks for communication system applications . Special considerations are given to the noise , power and ground , ESD and packaging design to ensure design success .
Abstract Major modern day computing and communication rely upon the underlying network used for data transportation . A strong and robust network is a prerequisite for communication oriented applications . One kind of communication networks used for data transportation known as Mobile ad hoc Networks ( MANET ) have been discussed in this paper and work has been done on their capability enhancement .
An important new class of communication-oriented applications are described as multi-party interactive multimedia applications . In this paper , we examine the programming abstractions , system support and communication services required by these applications ; evaluate existing support ; and propose strategies for improving support by combining current systems with new designs .
Turbo codes are the usual preference in channel coding for their efficient performance , therefore a number of researches has been effectuated under different conditions and for various communication related applications . In this paper , two generic design methods of turbo codes and turbo-like codes are presented .
A high performance low-profile antenna array with low sidelobe level ( SLL ) and optimum beamwidth is in general preferred in several communication related applications . In this paper a planar microstrip array antenna with low SLL up to −20 dB and high gain performance is designed for 10 GHz .
In energy-aware systems , it is critical to discuss how to reduce the total electric power consumption of information systems . In this paper , we consider communication type applications where a server transmits a large volume of data to clients . A client first selects a server in a cluster of servers and issues a file transmission request to the server .
In order to realize energy-aware information systems , it is critical to discuss how to reduce the total electric power consumption of information systems . In this paper , we consider communication type applications where a server transmits a large volume of data to clients . A client first selects a server in a cluster of servers and issues a file transmission request to the server .
The stripes are alterable in both orientation and in periodicity by an applied expernal magnetic field ; the result is a a two dimensional wide angle light deflector . The application of such films for intersatellite communication and for a non-blocking fiber-optic switchboard is described .
The one area where satellites have an advantage would be for transmissions that occur above the Earth ’s atmosphere . The use of light waves or laser communications for intersatellite links ( ISLs ) or cross-links to connect satellites in orbit is not only possible but is starting to be used for this purpose . Laser cross-links for low Earth orbit constellations is easiest , but this is also possible for medium Earth orbit constellations or even GEO satellites .
Optical communications will complement radio frequency ( RF ) communications in the coming decades to enhance throughput , power efficiency and link security of satellite communication links . To enable optical communications technology for intersatellite links and ( bi-directional ) ground to satellite links , TNO develops a suite of technologies in collaboration with industry , which comprises of terminals with different aperture sizes , coarse pointing assemblies and fast steering mirrors . This paper presents the current state of the development of TNO technology for optical space communications .
Coherence multiplexing ( CM ) is an attractive technique for satellite networking due to its ability to cope with the asynchronous nature of communication traffic and the dynamic changes taking place in the satellite constellation . The use of optical radiation for intersatellite links creates very narrow beam divergence angles . Due to the narrow beam divergence angle , the vibration of the pointing system , the movement of the satellite , and the large distance between them the pointing from one satellite to another is a complicated task .
The idea is to enable on-orbit decision making including reactive planning and scheduling decisions , as well as complex resource management in space networks . The space cloud is the missing element to enable efficient and reliable intersatellite connectivity on top of which a whole new set of services and opportunities can be built in a similar fashion to what happened for the Internet during the 1990s . Building on previous work by the authors , this paper illustrates new efforts for the development of the space cloud concept through the demonstration of optical communication technology as a backbone for cloud computing in space .
Optical communication fiber link can reach from fibers to the wireless system such as InterSatellite transmission system . InterSatellite communication is used for the communication between two satellites .
The simulation and measurement shows that the antenna design has a performance in accordance with the desired specifications . The antenna design is suitable for the application of navigation radar due to the simplicity in structure , lightweight and ease of fabrication .
The letters needing to be expressed are filled into a letter storage and transportation cabin and a computer control center controls the work flow of the letter storage and transportation cabin . Current output by a lithium ion battery provides working power for a navigation radar through an electric lead ; and the navigation radar transmits or receives wave beams modulated by signals through a wireless antenna and ensures that the unmanned aerial vehicle can accurately fly to destinations of the expressed letters under the synergistic effect of the computer control center . The current output by the lithium ion battery provides the power for a motor through an electric lead so as to ensure that a transmission shaft drives a hoisting rotary wing to rotate and provide the power for the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle .
Aimed at the identification problem of the non-stationary moving formation targets , a method of narrowband radar target sorties identification based on the adaptive optimal kernel(AOK ) is studied , in terms of ISAR techniques and non-stationary time-frequency analytic theory , and the process and algorithm procedure for narrowband radar target sorties identification are given in this paper . Different from the traditional ways , the studied method uses Doppler differences resulted from the targets relative to the rotary motion to identify the targets , and takes the suppression of cross interference and the signal energy clustering into consideration , earning the optimal identification results .
Off-axis holography techniques , which are commonly used to perform phase retrieval from amplitude-only data , require a full-characterization of the reference signal in terms of amplitude and phase . In this letter , it is demonstrated that the recently proposed version of the off-axis holography , working with a broadband synthetic aperture radar , can bypass the need for this calibration . The strategy is based on employing a calibration object to adjust the system .
Abstract : This technical report addresses issues involved in the integration , enhancement and porting of two large knowledge-based systems , ( 1 ) Expert System Constant False Alarm Rate ( ES-tFAR ) and ( 2 ) The Integrated Multi-Domain Radar Demonstration ( IMRD ) , to more current software/hardware platforms using sound software engineering principles .
In addition , the relationship is intuitively shown by three-dimensional plot . Numerical results show that the parameters selection of FBLMS is beneficial to implement in the system of noise FM-CW radar .
This radar has broad applications and development prospects in both civil and military aspects . Certainly it is a major object in the area of radar jamming research area . In the past several years , we analyzed the SAR jamming principles , derived a SAR jamming equation , carried out a variety of simulation experiments , and obtained a lot of jamming data and jamming pictures through indoor small power jamming test and actual flying tests .
The existing joint design methods of transmit waveform and receive filter for cognitive radar(CR ) radar are all based on the precise previous information about the target and interference , also the efficiency of transmitter has not been taken into account in practical applications . For these problems , a low peak-to-average power ratio ( PAR ) robust waveform and receive filter design algorithm is proposed under the assumption of random target impulse response ( TIR ) and signal-dependent interference .
This relationship is demonstrated as an accurate means of threshold prediction for the radar target parameter estimation of frequency , time-delay and angle-of-arrival . For the co-design radar and communications system problem , the use of a common
The evaluations and results provided in the show that a proper selection of De Bruijn binary sequences as spreading codes in multiuser communications allows to obtain improved performance , with respect to more traditional solutions , like those based on the use of classical Gold codes , m sequences , and OVSF codes . Promising results have been obtained also in DS sequence SS radar simulations , where the number of available sequences may be important to cope with specific scenarios , such as anticollision vehicular radar applications . The behavior exhibited by De Bruijn sequences motivates the efforts aimed at providing an efficient generation algorithm to obtain the complete set of codes for even greater values of n and performing an exhaustive evaluation of their properties .
This paper studies the distributed passive radar three-dimensional ( 3-D ) imaging under the 3-D configuration formed by the illuminators of opportunity and the distributed receivers . The echoes received by the distributed channels actually constitute the target wavenumber-domain coverage , whose characteristics such as range , uniformity and compactness greatly affect the inversion performance .
With the increasing number of image communication applications especially in the low complexity domain , error concealment has become a very important field of research . Since many compression standards for images and videos are block-based a lot of methods were applied to conceal block losses in monocular images .
We present a novel interleaving scheme for image communication applications . The proposed interleaver uses the shortened block codes as the row codes , so it has a trapezoid-like structure that results in less than linear rate of increase in decoding delay as we increase the interleaving degree .
We present a data embedding method for image communication applications . Our goal is to implement novel multimedia applications such as multi-language captions , interactive programming and title specific features over the existing image communication channel .
This work reports on the analytical and experimental characterization of micromachined microwave transmission lines used in RF communication applications . New analytic approximations are derived for the quasi-static capacitance of coplanar transmission lines with finite metallization thickness .
In this paper , we will briefly outline our contributions for the physical realization of coded OTDR , along with its principles and also highlight recent key results related with its applications . For the communication network application , we report a multi-port / multi-wavelength , high-speed supervisory system for the in-service monitoring of a bidirectional WDM-PON system transmission line up to 16 ports x 32 nodes ( 512 users ) capacity . Monitoring of individual branch traces up to 60 km was achieved with the application of a 127-bit simplex code , corresponding to a 7.5dB SNR coding gain effectively reducing the measurement time about 30 times when compared to conventional average mode OTDR .
The full warm back-up digital processing of the present invention and light distribution system overcome the not high disadvantage of existing backup digital light compartment system reliability , extend the application range of full backup digital light compartment system , requirement when not only meeting the requirement of high reliability in existing mobile communication and private network communication network , and meeting future communications network Joint construction and sharing to multi-frequency-band digital light distribution system . Therefore one kind proposed by the invention completely new full warm back-up digital processing and light distribution system has boundless application prospect in the higher communication network application of reliability requirement .
Its design idea is described and software realization is given . Comparison of various multithreading schemes indicates that the scheme based on multithreading queue can meet the needs of traffic supervision system for communication software application and has effectiveness as expected .
A communication software application ( 50 ) and a radio communication driver software ( 70 ) for allowing radio communication between the portable computer ( 3 ) and the external device ( 4 ) are supplied from the video game machine ( 2 ) the portable computer ( 3 ) , and stored in a memory of the portable computer ( 3 ) . The portable computer ( 3 ) which received the communication software application ( 50 ) and the radio communication driver software ( 70 ) to send and receive data between the video game machine ( 2 ) and the external device ( 4 ) via the laptop ( 3 ) .
Both stand-alone and on-line applications are being used to provide information on and training in nutrition education for the public , paraprofessionals , and professionals . While the use of on-line communication applications such as electronic mail ( e-mail ) , electronic discussion groups , and list-servs are just emerging as important tools among nutrition educators , the exponential growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web are making these technologies more and more accessible . Nutrition educators are encouraged to explore the opportunities and challenges of these new technologies to enhance their work .
We present an evaluation of the performance and cost tradeoffs of HPC applications on a range of platforms varying from Cloud ( with and without virtualization ) to HPC-optimized cluster . Our results show that Cloud is viable platform for some applications , specifically , non communicationintensive applications such as embarrassingly parallel and tree-structured computations up to high processor count and for communication-intensive applications up to low processor count .
A novel dual-band circularly-polarized wide-beam quadrifilar helix antenna Apparatus and method for controlling interference in satellite communication system Study on Routing Algorithms in Space-based Internet Spread Spectrum Multiple Access Control Method for Satellite Network Comparative study on satellite-based data communication techniques Constant-Envelope Precoding for Satellite Systems Internet Protocol Based Satellite On-Board System Measurement and Modeling of Amplitude Scintillations on Low-Elevation Earth-Space Paths and Impact on Communication Systems Total Attenuation of Satellite Signal on Earth-Space Link in West Africa Detection of helicopter signals using cyclostationarity Investigating the Synchronous Bandwidth Allocation in an FDDI Network for Real-Time Communications Interacting multiple model particle filtering using new particle resampling algorithm Clock recovery mechanism for streaming content to be transmitted via the packet communication network A 10 Gb/s Si-bipolar TX/RX chipset for computer data transmission Data judgment / phase comparison circuit Analysis and Modeling of Large-Scale Variation on DACs and SRAMs A restamping approach to clock recovery in MPEG-2 systems layer Clock signal recovery of fiber communication system Fiber based OTDM techniques Digital burst mode clock recovery technique for fiber-optic systems Design of Receiver in OpenLDI and Its Implementation with FPGA A novel phase detector for PAM-4 clock recovery in high speed serial links A novel clock-fault detection and self-recovery circuit based on time-to-voltage converter IEEE 802.11b Cooperative Protocols: A Performance Study Probabilistic Estimation of Location Error in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Distributed dynamic scheduling for end-to-end rate guarantees in wireless ad hoc networks Cluster-based failure detection service for large-scale ad hoc wireless network applications VLSI implementation of greedy-based distributed routing schemes for ad hoc networks Advances in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks Throughput Efficiency of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks with Node Classification Strategy Multimedia support over bluetooth Piconets Orchestrating workflows over heterogeneous networking infrastructures: NEWT: a network edge workflow tool A2DLT: Divisible Load Balancing Model for Scheduling Communication-Intensive Grid Applications Process to process communication in prolog Communication Web Services Composition and Integration Algorithms for Reducing the Total Power Consumption in Data Communication-Based Applications Low cost microwave imaging system using eight element switched antenna array High-speed mixed-signal SoC design for basestation application Performance Evaluation of MANET Using Multi-Channel MAC Framework System Support for Efficient Dynamically-Configurable Multi-Party Interactive Multimedia Applications Comparison of Turbo and Turbo-like Codes Using Bit Error Rate and Extrinsic Information Transfer Charts Low sidelobe level microstrip patch array: EM design and performance analysis Energy-Efficient Server Clusters to Perform Communication Type Application Processes Transmission Power Consumption Laxity-Based (TPCL) Algorithm for Communication Type Applications Intersatellite and Fiber-Optic Communication with Stripe Domains New Millimeter, Terahertz, and Light-Wave Frequencies for Satellite Communications Optical satellite communication space terminal technology at TNO Analysis of optical coherence multiplexing networks for satellite communication Towards the Internet for Space: bringing cloud computing to space systems Effect of Transmitter Pointing Error Angle on InterSatellite Communication Lightweight and compact antenna design for navigation radar application Unmanned aerial vehicle for expressing letters Method of Narrowband Radar Targets Sorties Identification Based on AOK Time-Frequency Analysis Scalar Calibration for Broadband Synthetic Aperture Radar Operating with Amplitude-Only Data Radar Signal Processing Rulebase Partitioning. Parameters selection of FBLMS algorithm for noise FM-CW radar Unified jamming equation of synthetic aperture radar Low PAR robust waveform design of cognitive radar for extended target detection under random TIR Transmit Waveform Design for Coexisting Radar and Communications Systems De Bruijn binary sequences and spread spectrum applications: A marriage possible? The distributed passive radar 3-D imaging and analysis in wavenumber domain Robust concealment for erroneous block bursts in stereoscopic images A novel interleaver for image communications with theoretical analysis of characteristics A transcoding robust data hiding method for image communication applications Characterization of micromachined CMOS transmission lines for RF communications Coded optical time domain reflectometry: principle and applications A kind of full warm back-up digital processing and light distribution system Application of Multithreading Queue Technology in Communication Server Software System and method for processing data device, and method of sending and reception of data New Developments in Nutrition Education Using Computer Technology Evaluation of HPC Applications on Cloud
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ICASSP ICASSP GLOBECOM SoCC Networking GLOBECOM MobiHoc DSN Wireless Mobile Internet WORKS@SC ICCS (1) ICWS AINA APCCAS NOSSDAV BWCCA 3DPVT ICIP (3)
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