Software maintenance is becoming more challenging with the increased complexity of the software and the frequently applied changes . Performing impact analysis before the actual implementation of a change is a crucial task during system maintenance . The communities ’ agents have the goal of encouraging the reuse of good solutions and taking advantage of information obtained from previous experience . In consequence , the software maintenance is made easier and there are less costs and effort . To achieve this goal , agents use several reasoning techniques such as case based reasoning or decision tree based algorithms which allow them to generate new knowledge from the information that they manage . Abstract The paper presents a number of techniques that have been developed as components of the software maintenance process as part of the ESPRIT REDO project . These techniques are all based on formal methods , and the work described has provided the mathematical underpinning to a large collaborative project that has been investigating various aspects of software maintenance . However , very few software companies use knowledge management techniques to efficiently manage this information . This work presents a multi-agent architecture designed to manage the information and knowledge generated during the software maintenance process . The architecture has different types of agents , each devoted to a particular type of information . Second , based on the findings in the first part , we analyze 121 recent versions of Linux , and use linear regression to construct two indirect maintenance effort models for the Linux project . Our study demonstrates the applicability of this approach to indirectly predicting the maintenance effort and improving the software maintenance process . Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons , Ltd. How to maintain and manage the computer room , especially computer software system and hardware system , is a very difficult task for the manager . The article using scientific maintenance and management method elaborates equipment management in the computer room , running management , software system maintenance and some others . A software system maintenance represents an important part of software system 's lifetime . The most common reasons to change a software system are bug fixes and adding of a new functionality . Modern software engineering practice increasingly brings redundant code into software products , which has caused a phenomenon called bloatware , leading to software system maintenance , performance and reliability issues as well as security problems . With the rapid advances of smart devices and a more connected world , it is never more important to trim bloatware to improve the leanness , agility , reliability , performance , and security of the interconnected software and network systems . It is left to the evaluator to weigh and evaluate the significance of the individual factors . The study is based on empirical data collected over the duration of the project and is intended to contribute to the overall knowledge of software maintenance management . Written by experts in this area , Software Maintenance Management explores the domain of software maintenance in depth and describes the critical overlaps with software development . It presents a new way of capturing software maintenance activities in a model-based process-improvement approach . Next , we validate the answers by comparing them with existing project documentation , by interviewing domain experts and by detailed analyses of the source code . The results show that our framework can be used both for supporting case studies on mining software repository techniques and for building end-user tools for software maintenance support . The Choice of Programming Language Coding Styles Coding Standards Coding , Design , Requirements , and Change Some Coding Metrics Coding Reviews and Inspections Configuration Management A Management Perspective on Coding Coding of the Major Software Project TESTING AND INTEGRATION Types of Software Testing Black-Box Module Testing White-Box Module Testing Reducing the Number of Test Cases by Effective Test Strategies Testing Objects for Encapsulation and Completeness Testing Objects with Inheritance General Testing Issues for Object-Oriented Software Test Plans Software Integration Managing Change in the Integration Process Performance and Stress Testing Quality Assurance Software Reliability A Manager 's Viewpoint on Testing and Integration Testing the Major Software Project Integrating the Major Software Project DELIVERY , INSTALLATION , AND DOCUMENTATION Delivery Installation Internal Documentation External Documentation Design Rationales Installation , User , Training , and Operations Manuals On-Line Documentation Reading Levels A Manager 's View of Delivery , Installation , and Documentation Delivery , Installation , and Documentation of the Major Software Project MAINTENANCE Introduction Corrective Software Maintenance Adaptive Software Maintenance Preventative Software Maintenance and the Year 2000 Problem How to Read Requirements , Designs , and Source Code A Manager 's Perspective on Software Maintenance Maintenance of the Major Software Project RESEARCH ISSUES IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Some Important Research Problems in Software Engineering How to Read the Software Engineering Research Literature APPENDIX : COMMAND-LINE ARGUMENTS REFERENCES It provides a process that allows a visualization display for analysts to view the interaction of software components in order to comprehend the components integrations that are involved . This information can be manipulated and improved the program comprehension , especially for other software maintenance purposes . Focus on your mission – not software maintenance Software as a service ( SaaS ) is a software application or tool that is delivered as a service via the web . Available through a subscription model , the customer organization " rents " a solution delivered online , rather than taking ownership — and responsibility — for the software . Nowadays , web analytics tools are used to analyze the behaviour of users on a website in order to improve its usability and user experience . The analysis of the usage of websites may also help software requirements maintenance which can be a contribution to the overall quality of the service provided . This paper presents an approach through a recommender system that collects the information about the usage of a website using a web analytics tools and generate recommendations reports that may help the requirements maintenance and increase the quality of the software requirements specification of the website . Software reliability forecasting is very important for improving and controlling a software engineering process . This paper presents a wavelet analysis based on forecasting model for software reliability . Requirements Engineering is the most complex part of software engineering process . Several tasks and techniques have been proposed to do RE process , but selecting a suitable set of techniques is still a challenging issue . This research will provide significant new information about the role of customer knowledge in value creation for the software engineering process in the machinery industry . As the result of the research , a model for acquisition and use of customer knowledge in value creation of the software engineering process is created and guidelines produced . The reasons for this include a struggle to foresee its utilization potential and a lack of tools for implementation . SEMAT Accelerator ( SematAcc ) is a Web-positioning tool for a software engineering endeavor , which implements the SEMAT ’s Essence kernel . SematAcc permits the use of Essence , thus helping to understand it . Particularly , alphas represent the things we always work with when running a software engineering endeavor . They allow for tracking health and progress of any software engineering endeavor via alpha states and checklists . Since alpha checklists define some criteria for guiding teams to successfully achieve alpha states , they should be terminologically consistent and unambiguous . Essence originates from the recent global SEMAT ( Software Engineering Method and Theory ) initiative and is currently an emerging standard with OMG ( Object Management Group ) . Essence helps identify architecture views to describe the context of a software engineering endeavor . It also helps identify factors of success and make recommendations precise and actionable . Software engineering is thus rapidly being incorporated into undergraduate and graduate computer science curricula and is emerging as a separate discipline . In particular , the senior level project course has received much attention as a way to provide a software engineering experience at the undergraduate level . Project teams in such courses usually consist of two to four students . The design space for such courses is wide , ranging from single-semester to two-semester courses , from single-client to multicustomer courses , from local to globally distributed courses , and from toy projects to projects with real clients . The challenge for a nontrivial project course is how to make the project complex enough to enrich students ’ software engineering experience , yet realistic enough to have a teaching environment that does not unduly burden students or the instructor . We describe a methodology for project courses that is realizable for instructors , improves students ’ skills , and leads to viable results for industry partners . This chapter discusses important software development issues that are critical to the successful construction of a top quality software product . It proceeds on the presumption that appropriate steps were taken in the earlier phases of the software engineering experience ( namely investigation , analysis and design ) , and under the following subheadings : The development of a complex software project with thousands of code lines , different platforms to test and several developers ( or teams of developers ) to work on that same code , is indeed a remarkable software engineering exercise . In this scenario , which is actually very common , it is necessary to maintain and manage the source code to fullfil the requirements for which it was developed ( requirements wanted by the customer ) but also to help the software development process ( in the software development , software architecture and software management teams ) . Compiler construction is a widely used software engineering exercise , but because most students will not be compiler writers , care must be taken to make it relevant in a core curriculum . Auxiliary tools , such as generators and interpreters , often hinder the learning : students have to fight tool idiosyncrasies , mysterious errors , and other poorly educative issues . Keywords : Software based engineering , multimedia , research and development Abstrak Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak menjadi kebutuhan intitusi , organisasi atau perusahaan dalam pembangunan sistem informasi , menjadi bagian penting yang melatarbelakangi tumbuhnya perkembangan perangkat lunak dengan berbagai krisis perangkat lunak menurut berbagai sisi pandang pengguna . Rendahnya motivasi belajar rekayasa perangkat lunak merupakan salah satu kompetensi yang harus dimiliki oleh Mahasiswa However , the current ontology development efforts and process are data intensive and construction based , creating ontologies for specific applications/requirements , rather than designing an abstract ontological solutions that can be reusable across the domain using a well-defined design process . To address this deficiency , the work presented herein positions ontologies as software engineering artifact that allows them to be placed into the position to share the captured domain conceptualization and its vocabulary involving disparate domain backgrounds , that can then be created , imported , exported and re-used using different frameworks , tools and techniques . Towards this end , the authors propose an agile software process for ontologies referred to as the Hybrid Ontology Design & Development Model with Lifecycle , HOD2MLC . Clone detection finds application in many software engineering activities such as comprehension and refactoring . However , the confounding configuration choice problem poses a widely-acknowledged threat to the validity of previous empirical analyses . This paper is concerned with the presentation of a course on Software Engineering core activities that was offered to History students by the Computer Science Department at Birmingham University , UK . Conceptually , this paper can be divided into three main parts . Our approach automatically detects and takes into account the phrasal structure of requirements statements . We argue about the importance of capturing the conditions under which change should propagate to enable more accurate change impact analysis . We propose a quantitative measure for calculating how likely a requirements statement is to be impacted by a change under given conditions . Tool support has been developed following this approach , that allows for inferencing and consistency checking of requirements models using these relations . However , the tool provides no support for performing change impact analysis . In this work , the semantics of requirements relations are exploited for the use of change impact analysis . RCT can help us perform important project tasks and has proven to be one of the most valuable artifacts of a software project . This paper discusses the steps to develop an RCT , provides an example of how to use it to perform change impact analysis for releases , describes experiences using RCTs in practice , and discusses lessons learned on projects implementing the RCT technique . Web services equip enterprises with the potential to react to change by addressing two interrelated sets of requirements : the ability to accommodate service changes that demand rapid response and to support service variation according to customers ' needs and requirements . In this paper we introduce the concept of service evolution management , which provides an understanding of change impact , service changes control , tracking and auditing of service versions , and status accounting . To achieve this , we develop a formal model and theory for service evolution that allows multiple active service versions to be created consistently and co-exist , while executing schema changes effectively . This paper presents basic mechanisms to support software product line process evolution . These mechanisms share four strategies - change identification , change impact , change propagation , and change validation . It also examines three kinds of evolution processes - architecture , product line , and product . The study of change impact is a fundamental activity in software engineering because it can be used to plan changes , set them up and to predict or detect their effects on the system and try to reduce them . Various methods have been presented in the literature for this sector of maintenance . Data mining plays vital role in data analysis and also encompasses immense potential of mining software engineering data to manage design and maintenance issues . Change impact assessment is one of the crucial issues in software maintenance . In Object Oriented ( OO ) software system , classes are the core components and changes to the classes are always inevitable . The results show that a multilevel approach to change prediction supports an increased range of design queries beyond that achievable with a single level model . Such change prediction capability is useful when carrying out a comprehensive change impact assessment . Valuable information can be obtained from the relationships that hold between the elements involved in any Model-Driven Engineering ( MDE ) process . This information can be then used to support impact change analysis , validation of requirements , etc . However , dealing with traceability is a complex and error-prone task if no tool support is provided to that end . For example , some researches used the colored commit graphs ( at the implementation phase ) , other studies used the consistency rules between UML diagrams ( at the design phase ) , etc . Compared to other approaches focused on impact change analysis , our proposed approach uses the COSMIC-FSM method . Quantifying the functional size of a FC in terms of CFP units allows us to evaluate more realistically the impact of a FC on the software development progress . In this paper we formally identify and define relevant dependencies , formalizing them and present a dependency analysis algorithm . The output of the dependency analysis serves as an essential input for change impact analysis process that ensures the desired evolution of the ODCBS . We have come up with an extended Scrum model which includes the change impact analysis for all potential changes to the Scrum backlog . In addition , we have designed a change impact analysis process plus a template for a change impact analysis report . Before we entered the software development part of the project , which is Scrum ’s domain , we have already performed a HazOp or FMEA and a risk analysis . We present four contributions to address the two presented problems . The two first contributions concentrate mainly on the change impact analysis side of this thesis while the third works on the fault localization side . The last contribution is a possible application for future works . Software Testing is modifying activity different software engineering projects , especially for large security models . The new tests cases can uses some hundred to several thousands . Treating maintenance and also product development as business processes , we can use workflow software to optimize and automate their execution . Tytan Workflow is advanced system for business process modeling which is used in software engineering related activities . In this article feauters of system and examples of process models was introduced . Collecting , understanding , and managing requirements are critical aspects in all development methods including agile methods as well . Nevertheless , little contemporary data exists for document actual practices of software professionals for software requirements engineering activities in agile environments . To remedy this deficiency and provide useful data to other researchers we conducted a survey study that drew participants from wide range of professions , industries and geographic locations . We believe that Semantic Web technologies represent an ideal platform for the integration of software engineering data in a semantic repository . By querying and analyzing such a repository , researchers and practitioners can better understand and control software engineering activities and processes . In this paper , we describe how we apply Semantic Web techniques to integrate object-oriented software engineering data from different sources . In present work , an energy efficient resource management system for virtualized Cloud data centers that reduces operational costs and provides required Quality of Service ( QoS ) has been proposed and fulfilled . Our proposal towards software engineering demands to be green aware , where the software engineering and design activities should not only be judged by their technical merits , but also by their contributions to energy savings . In particular , the software system architecture seems to be adequate to address green-aware concerns but need revival . Verbal Reasoning , on the other hand , does not seem to be related with Entity-Relationship design performance . Conclusions : Our data supports the hypothesis that certain cognitive abilities are related with better performance levels in Software Engineering critical activities such as database design . Therefore , measuring and training those abilities may have a positive effect on their future professional performance . Information Retrieval ( IR ) approaches are used to leverage textual or unstructured data generated during the software development process to support various software engineering ( SE ) tasks ( e.g. , concept location , traceability link recovery , change impact analysis , etc . ) . Two of the most important steps for applying IR techniques to support SE tasks are preprocessing the corpus and configuring the IR technique , and these steps can significantly influence the outcome and the amount of effort developers have to spend for these maintenance tasks . While Computational Logic plays an important role in several areas of Software Engineering ( SE ) , most of the educational technology developed for teaching logic ignores their application in a larger portion of the SE education domain . In this paper we describe an innovative methodology based on a prototype logic teaching tool on semantic tableaux to prepare and train the students to use logic as a formal proof technique in other topics of SE , such as the formal verification of algorithms and the declarative debugging of imperative programs , which are foundations of good development of software . Software Engineering SE is a wide domain , where ontologies are useful instruments for dealing with Knowledge Management KM related problems . When SE ontologies are built and used in isolation , some problems remain , in particular those related to knowledge integration . : Software Practitioners ' Perspectives on HCI Practice and Integration to Software Engineering Processes . In this paper , we provide a comparative analysis from two countries , of software practitioners ' perspectives on HCI practice and integration to software engineering ( SE ) processes . We offer explanations based on the diffusion of innovation theory , shedding light on perspectives of practitioners to HCI practice and integration to SE processes in companies and what would-be promoters might likely confront . In recent years , there has been a growing interest towards the application of artificial intelligence approaches in software engineering ( SE ) processes . In the specific area of SE for self-adaptive systems ( SASs ) there is a growing research awareness about the synergy between SE and AI . two metrics to demonstrate the impact integrating human-computer interaction ( HCI ) activities in software engineering ( SE ) processes . User experience metric ( UXM ) is a product metric that measures the subjective and ephemeral notion of the user 's experience with a product . 1 IntroductionRequirement engineering ( RE ) appears as one of the key processes in software engineering ( SE ) activity . It provides comprehensive description of solutions to solve occurring operational issues . Software Inspection is an important approach to find defects in Software Engineering ( SE ) artifacts . While there has been extensive research on traditional software inspection with pen-and-paper materials , modern SE poses new environments , methods , and tools for the cooperation of software engineers . Today , software engineers strongly rely on information while they perform development activities in the different software engineering ( SE ) phases . The results of a previous survey showed that most information is required during the phases of requirements engineering ( RE ) , design , programming , and project management . Small organizations have been claimed to manage their requirements in ways that bear no relation to what the textbooks say , and what is taught in undergraduate courses . This paper explores software engineering ( SE ) practices in five small and medium-sized organizations in order to gain a deeper understanding on how cooperative and human aspects of the SE-related practices differ in small organizations compared to the larger ones . The paper illustrates , in detail , the central role of human collaboration in small organizations and the challenges an organization meets when it begins to grow and lose opportunities for face-to-face collaboration . This paper presents an application of rough sets in identifying effective personality-type composition in software engineering ( SE ) teams . Identifying effective personality composition in teams is important for determining software project success . This thesis describes a Decision-Centric traceability framework that supports software engineering activities such as architectural preservation , impact analysis , and visualization of design intent . We present a set of traceability patterns , derived from studying real-world architectural designs in high-assurance and high-performance systems . Additional options involve hybrid techniques that combine probe methods . Widespread application in architectural conservation depends upon overcoming institutional barriers including the lack of standardization , fragmented decision-making , and restrictive contracting procedures that do not take into account the benefits of NDT . This work is part of a larger project which aims to investigate the nature of creativity and the effectiveness of creativity tools in highly-constrained design tasks . This paper presents the research where a coding scheme was developed and tested with a designer-researcher who conducted two rounds of design and analysis on a highly-constrained design task . This paper shows how design changes can be coded using a scheme based on creative ‘ modes of change ’ . The coding scheme can show the way a designer moves around the design space , and particularly the strategies that are used by a creative designer to skip from one ‘ train of solutions ’ to new avenues . The coding scheme can be made more robust by : ensuring design change is always coded relative to a reference design ; tightening up definitions of ‘ system ’ , ‘ element ’ and ‘ function ’ ; and using a matrix to develop a more complete set of codes . A much larger study with more designers working on different types of highly-constrained design task is needed , in order to draw conclusions on the modes of change and their relationship to creativity . Use of test data is an important evidence collection method that auditors can employ to evaluate the authenticity , accuracy , and completeness of program processing . Nevertheless , test data design is a time‐consuming and error‐prone process . To facilitate design , two approaches advocated are the decision‐tree approach and the decision‐table approach . We also show that the characterized power results can be combined with the real user traces for detailed daily energy usage estimation . Our research established an ethological and evolutionary power consumption trend of smartphones , which will guide the power optimization in the next-generation smartphone design . The visual exploration in volume rendering has been done in many ways , but two of the most critical and effective approaches for multi-channel data are transfer function design and viewpoint selection . We first propose a new method for multi-channel transfer function design . The challenge for designing multi-dimensional transfer functions is the dimensionality of the domain . The goal here is to identify those soft errors actually harmful for the system , not to compute the Soft Error Rate . In this context , we investigate new approaches based on formal techniques to improve design-time robustness evaluations at least for the most critical blocks in a circuit . Preliminary results are shown , focusing on the evaluation of self-healing ( or self-repairing ) capabilities . Such models should allow for the consideration of the engine and its interaction with the exhaust system . This is properly achieved by gas-dynamic models , which are becoming the standard , but linear models solved in the frequency domain and representing the engine as a linear time-invariant source may still play a role in exhaust system design , as the engine is treated as a black box . Such a representation is very attractive for engine manufacturers , since it gives the possibility to provide data on the engine without any possibility to trace back to its real characteristics . This method gives reliable results for common endplate joints . On the other hand numerical methods , especially finite element method , can be used for the design of the joints with any geometry and any loading . Many works have been published on the modelling of joints using finite element method . A high automation degree is one of the most important features of data driven modeling tools and it should be taken into consideration in classification systems design . In this regard , constructive training algorithms are essential to improve the automation degree of a modeling system . However , these experts face the handicap of defining such patterns with editors which are not user-friendly enough . To solve this problem , a model-driven approach for facilitating user-friendly design of complex event patterns is proposed and developed in this paper . Besides , the proposal has been applied to different domains and several event processing languages have been compared . However , little attention has been paid to the experience and design of bus stop associated with school transfers close to kindergartens , which is the most important issue to the community transportation . Hence , this emphasizes the need for exploring potential user experience design factors for community transportation design in a case of bus stop design to kindergarten in China , which is this paper aimed at . Based on the result of the study , a bus stop design potential framework for children is proposed in terms of experience design , where the nine factors need to be considered when designing bus stop to help with safety and comfort for children in line with problems and factors : the four problems when waiting for the bus with children at the bus stop , the three inappropriate factors of the current bus stop , and the six inappropriate factors for protection of children safety in the current bus stop design .
Software maintenance is becoming more challenging with the increased complexity of the software and the frequently applied changes . Performing impact analysis before the actual implementation of a change is a crucial task during system maintenance .
The communities ’ agents have the goal of encouraging the reuse of good solutions and taking advantage of information obtained from previous experience . In consequence , the software maintenance is made easier and there are less costs and effort . To achieve this goal , agents use several reasoning techniques such as case based reasoning or decision tree based algorithms which allow them to generate new knowledge from the information that they manage .
Abstract The paper presents a number of techniques that have been developed as components of the software maintenance process as part of the ESPRIT REDO project . These techniques are all based on formal methods , and the work described has provided the mathematical underpinning to a large collaborative project that has been investigating various aspects of software maintenance .
However , very few software companies use knowledge management techniques to efficiently manage this information . This work presents a multi-agent architecture designed to manage the information and knowledge generated during the software maintenance process . The architecture has different types of agents , each devoted to a particular type of information .
Second , based on the findings in the first part , we analyze 121 recent versions of Linux , and use linear regression to construct two indirect maintenance effort models for the Linux project . Our study demonstrates the applicability of this approach to indirectly predicting the maintenance effort and improving the software maintenance process . Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons , Ltd.
How to maintain and manage the computer room , especially computer software system and hardware system , is a very difficult task for the manager . The article using scientific maintenance and management method elaborates equipment management in the computer room , running management , software system maintenance and some others .
A software system maintenance represents an important part of software system 's lifetime . The most common reasons to change a software system are bug fixes and adding of a new functionality .
Modern software engineering practice increasingly brings redundant code into software products , which has caused a phenomenon called bloatware , leading to software system maintenance , performance and reliability issues as well as security problems . With the rapid advances of smart devices and a more connected world , it is never more important to trim bloatware to improve the leanness , agility , reliability , performance , and security of the interconnected software and network systems .
It is left to the evaluator to weigh and evaluate the significance of the individual factors . The study is based on empirical data collected over the duration of the project and is intended to contribute to the overall knowledge of software maintenance management .
Written by experts in this area , Software Maintenance Management explores the domain of software maintenance in depth and describes the critical overlaps with software development . It presents a new way of capturing software maintenance activities in a model-based process-improvement approach .
Next , we validate the answers by comparing them with existing project documentation , by interviewing domain experts and by detailed analyses of the source code . The results show that our framework can be used both for supporting case studies on mining software repository techniques and for building end-user tools for software maintenance support .
The Choice of Programming Language Coding Styles Coding Standards Coding , Design , Requirements , and Change Some Coding Metrics Coding Reviews and Inspections Configuration Management A Management Perspective on Coding Coding of the Major Software Project TESTING AND INTEGRATION Types of Software Testing Black-Box Module Testing White-Box Module Testing Reducing the Number of Test Cases by Effective Test Strategies Testing Objects for Encapsulation and Completeness Testing Objects with Inheritance General Testing Issues for Object-Oriented Software Test Plans Software Integration Managing Change in the Integration Process Performance and Stress Testing Quality Assurance Software Reliability A Manager 's Viewpoint on Testing and Integration Testing the Major Software Project Integrating the Major Software Project DELIVERY , INSTALLATION , AND DOCUMENTATION Delivery Installation Internal Documentation External Documentation Design Rationales Installation , User , Training , and Operations Manuals On-Line Documentation Reading Levels A Manager 's View of Delivery , Installation , and Documentation Delivery , Installation , and Documentation of the Major Software Project MAINTENANCE Introduction Corrective Software Maintenance Adaptive Software Maintenance Preventative Software Maintenance and the Year 2000 Problem How to Read Requirements , Designs , and Source Code A Manager 's Perspective on Software Maintenance Maintenance of the Major Software Project RESEARCH ISSUES IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Some Important Research Problems in Software Engineering How to Read the Software Engineering Research Literature APPENDIX : COMMAND-LINE ARGUMENTS REFERENCES
It provides a process that allows a visualization display for analysts to view the interaction of software components in order to comprehend the components integrations that are involved . This information can be manipulated and improved the program comprehension , especially for other software maintenance purposes .
Focus on your mission – not software maintenance Software as a service ( SaaS ) is a software application or tool that is delivered as a service via the web . Available through a subscription model , the customer organization " rents " a solution delivered online , rather than taking ownership — and responsibility — for the software .
Nowadays , web analytics tools are used to analyze the behaviour of users on a website in order to improve its usability and user experience . The analysis of the usage of websites may also help software requirements maintenance which can be a contribution to the overall quality of the service provided . This paper presents an approach through a recommender system that collects the information about the usage of a website using a web analytics tools and generate recommendations reports that may help the requirements maintenance and increase the quality of the software requirements specification of the website .
Software reliability forecasting is very important for improving and controlling a software engineering process . This paper presents a wavelet analysis based on forecasting model for software reliability .
Requirements Engineering is the most complex part of software engineering process . Several tasks and techniques have been proposed to do RE process , but selecting a suitable set of techniques is still a challenging issue .
This research will provide significant new information about the role of customer knowledge in value creation for the software engineering process in the machinery industry . As the result of the research , a model for acquisition and use of customer knowledge in value creation of the software engineering process is created and guidelines produced .
The reasons for this include a struggle to foresee its utilization potential and a lack of tools for implementation . SEMAT Accelerator ( SematAcc ) is a Web-positioning tool for a software engineering endeavor , which implements the SEMAT ’s Essence kernel . SematAcc permits the use of Essence , thus helping to understand it .
Particularly , alphas represent the things we always work with when running a software engineering endeavor . They allow for tracking health and progress of any software engineering endeavor via alpha states and checklists . Since alpha checklists define some criteria for guiding teams to successfully achieve alpha states , they should be terminologically consistent and unambiguous .
Essence originates from the recent global SEMAT ( Software Engineering Method and Theory ) initiative and is currently an emerging standard with OMG ( Object Management Group ) . Essence helps identify architecture views to describe the context of a software engineering endeavor . It also helps identify factors of success and make recommendations precise and actionable .
Software engineering is thus rapidly being incorporated into undergraduate and graduate computer science curricula and is emerging as a separate discipline . In particular , the senior level project course has received much attention as a way to provide a software engineering experience at the undergraduate level . Project teams in such courses usually consist of two to four students .
The design space for such courses is wide , ranging from single-semester to two-semester courses , from single-client to multicustomer courses , from local to globally distributed courses , and from toy projects to projects with real clients . The challenge for a nontrivial project course is how to make the project complex enough to enrich students ’ software engineering experience , yet realistic enough to have a teaching environment that does not unduly burden students or the instructor . We describe a methodology for project courses that is realizable for instructors , improves students ’ skills , and leads to viable results for industry partners .
This chapter discusses important software development issues that are critical to the successful construction of a top quality software product . It proceeds on the presumption that appropriate steps were taken in the earlier phases of the software engineering experience ( namely investigation , analysis and design ) , and under the following subheadings :
The development of a complex software project with thousands of code lines , different platforms to test and several developers ( or teams of developers ) to work on that same code , is indeed a remarkable software engineering exercise . In this scenario , which is actually very common , it is necessary to maintain and manage the source code to fullfil the requirements for which it was developed ( requirements wanted by the customer ) but also to help the software development process ( in the software development , software architecture and software management teams ) .
Compiler construction is a widely used software engineering exercise , but because most students will not be compiler writers , care must be taken to make it relevant in a core curriculum . Auxiliary tools , such as generators and interpreters , often hinder the learning : students have to fight tool idiosyncrasies , mysterious errors , and other poorly educative issues .
Keywords : Software based engineering , multimedia , research and development Abstrak Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak menjadi kebutuhan intitusi , organisasi atau perusahaan dalam pembangunan sistem informasi , menjadi bagian penting yang melatarbelakangi tumbuhnya perkembangan perangkat lunak dengan berbagai krisis perangkat lunak menurut berbagai sisi pandang pengguna . Rendahnya motivasi belajar rekayasa perangkat lunak merupakan salah satu kompetensi yang harus dimiliki oleh Mahasiswa
However , the current ontology development efforts and process are data intensive and construction based , creating ontologies for specific applications/requirements , rather than designing an abstract ontological solutions that can be reusable across the domain using a well-defined design process . To address this deficiency , the work presented herein positions ontologies as software engineering artifact that allows them to be placed into the position to share the captured domain conceptualization and its vocabulary involving disparate domain backgrounds , that can then be created , imported , exported and re-used using different frameworks , tools and techniques . Towards this end , the authors propose an agile software process for ontologies referred to as the Hybrid Ontology Design & Development Model with Lifecycle , HOD2MLC .
Clone detection finds application in many software engineering activities such as comprehension and refactoring . However , the confounding configuration choice problem poses a widely-acknowledged threat to the validity of previous empirical analyses .
This paper is concerned with the presentation of a course on Software Engineering core activities that was offered to History students by the Computer Science Department at Birmingham University , UK . Conceptually , this paper can be divided into three main parts .
Our approach automatically detects and takes into account the phrasal structure of requirements statements . We argue about the importance of capturing the conditions under which change should propagate to enable more accurate change impact analysis . We propose a quantitative measure for calculating how likely a requirements statement is to be impacted by a change under given conditions .
Tool support has been developed following this approach , that allows for inferencing and consistency checking of requirements models using these relations . However , the tool provides no support for performing change impact analysis . In this work , the semantics of requirements relations are exploited for the use of change impact analysis .
RCT can help us perform important project tasks and has proven to be one of the most valuable artifacts of a software project . This paper discusses the steps to develop an RCT , provides an example of how to use it to perform change impact analysis for releases , describes experiences using RCTs in practice , and discusses lessons learned on projects implementing the RCT technique .
Web services equip enterprises with the potential to react to change by addressing two interrelated sets of requirements : the ability to accommodate service changes that demand rapid response and to support service variation according to customers ' needs and requirements . In this paper we introduce the concept of service evolution management , which provides an understanding of change impact , service changes control , tracking and auditing of service versions , and status accounting . To achieve this , we develop a formal model and theory for service evolution that allows multiple active service versions to be created consistently and co-exist , while executing schema changes effectively .
This paper presents basic mechanisms to support software product line process evolution . These mechanisms share four strategies - change identification , change impact , change propagation , and change validation . It also examines three kinds of evolution processes - architecture , product line , and product .
The study of change impact is a fundamental activity in software engineering because it can be used to plan changes , set them up and to predict or detect their effects on the system and try to reduce them . Various methods have been presented in the literature for this sector of maintenance .
Data mining plays vital role in data analysis and also encompasses immense potential of mining software engineering data to manage design and maintenance issues . Change impact assessment is one of the crucial issues in software maintenance . In Object Oriented ( OO ) software system , classes are the core components and changes to the classes are always inevitable .
The results show that a multilevel approach to change prediction supports an increased range of design queries beyond that achievable with a single level model . Such change prediction capability is useful when carrying out a comprehensive change impact assessment .
Valuable information can be obtained from the relationships that hold between the elements involved in any Model-Driven Engineering ( MDE ) process . This information can be then used to support impact change analysis , validation of requirements , etc . However , dealing with traceability is a complex and error-prone task if no tool support is provided to that end .
For example , some researches used the colored commit graphs ( at the implementation phase ) , other studies used the consistency rules between UML diagrams ( at the design phase ) , etc . Compared to other approaches focused on impact change analysis , our proposed approach uses the COSMIC-FSM method . Quantifying the functional size of a FC in terms of CFP units allows us to evaluate more realistically the impact of a FC on the software development progress .
In this paper we formally identify and define relevant dependencies , formalizing them and present a dependency analysis algorithm . The output of the dependency analysis serves as an essential input for change impact analysis process that ensures the desired evolution of the ODCBS .
We have come up with an extended Scrum model which includes the change impact analysis for all potential changes to the Scrum backlog . In addition , we have designed a change impact analysis process plus a template for a change impact analysis report . Before we entered the software development part of the project , which is Scrum ’s domain , we have already performed a HazOp or FMEA and a risk analysis .
We present four contributions to address the two presented problems . The two first contributions concentrate mainly on the change impact analysis side of this thesis while the third works on the fault localization side . The last contribution is a possible application for future works .
Software Testing is modifying activity different software engineering projects , especially for large security models . The new tests cases can uses some hundred to several thousands .
Treating maintenance and also product development as business processes , we can use workflow software to optimize and automate their execution . Tytan Workflow is advanced system for business process modeling which is used in software engineering related activities . In this article feauters of system and examples of process models was introduced .
Collecting , understanding , and managing requirements are critical aspects in all development methods including agile methods as well . Nevertheless , little contemporary data exists for document actual practices of software professionals for software requirements engineering activities in agile environments . To remedy this deficiency and provide useful data to other researchers we conducted a survey study that drew participants from wide range of professions , industries and geographic locations .
We believe that Semantic Web technologies represent an ideal platform for the integration of software engineering data in a semantic repository . By querying and analyzing such a repository , researchers and practitioners can better understand and control software engineering activities and processes . In this paper , we describe how we apply Semantic Web techniques to integrate object-oriented software engineering data from different sources .
In present work , an energy efficient resource management system for virtualized Cloud data centers that reduces operational costs and provides required Quality of Service ( QoS ) has been proposed and fulfilled . Our proposal towards software engineering demands to be green aware , where the software engineering and design activities should not only be judged by their technical merits , but also by their contributions to energy savings . In particular , the software system architecture seems to be adequate to address green-aware concerns but need revival .
Verbal Reasoning , on the other hand , does not seem to be related with Entity-Relationship design performance . Conclusions : Our data supports the hypothesis that certain cognitive abilities are related with better performance levels in Software Engineering critical activities such as database design . Therefore , measuring and training those abilities may have a positive effect on their future professional performance .
Information Retrieval ( IR ) approaches are used to leverage textual or unstructured data generated during the software development process to support various software engineering ( SE ) tasks ( e.g. , concept location , traceability link recovery , change impact analysis , etc . ) . Two of the most important steps for applying IR techniques to support SE tasks are preprocessing the corpus and configuring the IR technique , and these steps can significantly influence the outcome and the amount of effort developers have to spend for these maintenance tasks .
While Computational Logic plays an important role in several areas of Software Engineering ( SE ) , most of the educational technology developed for teaching logic ignores their application in a larger portion of the SE education domain . In this paper we describe an innovative methodology based on a prototype logic teaching tool on semantic tableaux to prepare and train the students to use logic as a formal proof technique in other topics of SE , such as the formal verification of algorithms and the declarative debugging of imperative programs , which are foundations of good development of software .
Software Engineering SE is a wide domain , where ontologies are useful instruments for dealing with Knowledge Management KM related problems . When SE ontologies are built and used in isolation , some problems remain , in particular those related to knowledge integration .
: Software Practitioners ' Perspectives on HCI Practice and Integration to Software Engineering Processes . In this paper , we provide a comparative analysis from two countries , of software practitioners ' perspectives on HCI practice and integration to software engineering ( SE ) processes . We offer explanations based on the diffusion of innovation theory , shedding light on perspectives of practitioners to HCI practice and integration to SE processes in companies and what would-be promoters might likely confront .
In recent years , there has been a growing interest towards the application of artificial intelligence approaches in software engineering ( SE ) processes . In the specific area of SE for self-adaptive systems ( SASs ) there is a growing research awareness about the synergy between SE and AI .
two metrics to demonstrate the impact integrating human-computer interaction ( HCI ) activities in software engineering ( SE ) processes . User experience metric ( UXM ) is a product metric that measures the subjective and ephemeral notion of the user 's experience with a product .
1 IntroductionRequirement engineering ( RE ) appears as one of the key processes in software engineering ( SE ) activity . It provides comprehensive description of solutions to solve occurring operational issues .
Software Inspection is an important approach to find defects in Software Engineering ( SE ) artifacts . While there has been extensive research on traditional software inspection with pen-and-paper materials , modern SE poses new environments , methods , and tools for the cooperation of software engineers .
Today , software engineers strongly rely on information while they perform development activities in the different software engineering ( SE ) phases . The results of a previous survey showed that most information is required during the phases of requirements engineering ( RE ) , design , programming , and project management .
Small organizations have been claimed to manage their requirements in ways that bear no relation to what the textbooks say , and what is taught in undergraduate courses . This paper explores software engineering ( SE ) practices in five small and medium-sized organizations in order to gain a deeper understanding on how cooperative and human aspects of the SE-related practices differ in small organizations compared to the larger ones . The paper illustrates , in detail , the central role of human collaboration in small organizations and the challenges an organization meets when it begins to grow and lose opportunities for face-to-face collaboration .
This paper presents an application of rough sets in identifying effective personality-type composition in software engineering ( SE ) teams . Identifying effective personality composition in teams is important for determining software project success .
This thesis describes a Decision-Centric traceability framework that supports software engineering activities such as architectural preservation , impact analysis , and visualization of design intent . We present a set of traceability patterns , derived from studying real-world architectural designs in high-assurance and high-performance systems .
Additional options involve hybrid techniques that combine probe methods . Widespread application in architectural conservation depends upon overcoming institutional barriers including the lack of standardization , fragmented decision-making , and restrictive contracting procedures that do not take into account the benefits of NDT .
This work is part of a larger project which aims to investigate the nature of creativity and the effectiveness of creativity tools in highly-constrained design tasks . This paper presents the research where a coding scheme was developed and tested with a designer-researcher who conducted two rounds of design and analysis on a highly-constrained design task . This paper shows how design changes can be coded using a scheme based on creative ‘ modes of change ’ . The coding scheme can show the way a designer moves around the design space , and particularly the strategies that are used by a creative designer to skip from one ‘ train of solutions ’ to new avenues . The coding scheme can be made more robust by : ensuring design change is always coded relative to a reference design ; tightening up definitions of ‘ system ’ , ‘ element ’ and ‘ function ’ ; and using a matrix to develop a more complete set of codes . A much larger study with more designers working on different types of highly-constrained design task is needed , in order to draw conclusions on the modes of change and their relationship to creativity .
Use of test data is an important evidence collection method that auditors can employ to evaluate the authenticity , accuracy , and completeness of program processing . Nevertheless , test data design is a time‐consuming and error‐prone process . To facilitate design , two approaches advocated are the decision‐tree approach and the decision‐table approach .
We also show that the characterized power results can be combined with the real user traces for detailed daily energy usage estimation . Our research established an ethological and evolutionary power consumption trend of smartphones , which will guide the power optimization in the next-generation smartphone design .
The visual exploration in volume rendering has been done in many ways , but two of the most critical and effective approaches for multi-channel data are transfer function design and viewpoint selection . We first propose a new method for multi-channel transfer function design . The challenge for designing multi-dimensional transfer functions is the dimensionality of the domain .
The goal here is to identify those soft errors actually harmful for the system , not to compute the Soft Error Rate . In this context , we investigate new approaches based on formal techniques to improve design-time robustness evaluations at least for the most critical blocks in a circuit . Preliminary results are shown , focusing on the evaluation of self-healing ( or self-repairing ) capabilities .
Such models should allow for the consideration of the engine and its interaction with the exhaust system . This is properly achieved by gas-dynamic models , which are becoming the standard , but linear models solved in the frequency domain and representing the engine as a linear time-invariant source may still play a role in exhaust system design , as the engine is treated as a black box . Such a representation is very attractive for engine manufacturers , since it gives the possibility to provide data on the engine without any possibility to trace back to its real characteristics .
This method gives reliable results for common endplate joints . On the other hand numerical methods , especially finite element method , can be used for the design of the joints with any geometry and any loading . Many works have been published on the modelling of joints using finite element method .
A high automation degree is one of the most important features of data driven modeling tools and it should be taken into consideration in classification systems design . In this regard , constructive training algorithms are essential to improve the automation degree of a modeling system .
However , these experts face the handicap of defining such patterns with editors which are not user-friendly enough . To solve this problem , a model-driven approach for facilitating user-friendly design of complex event patterns is proposed and developed in this paper . Besides , the proposal has been applied to different domains and several event processing languages have been compared .
However , little attention has been paid to the experience and design of bus stop associated with school transfers close to kindergartens , which is the most important issue to the community transportation . Hence , this emphasizes the need for exploring potential user experience design factors for community transportation design in a case of bus stop design to kindergarten in China , which is this paper aimed at . Based on the result of the study , a bus stop design potential framework for children is proposed in terms of experience design , where the nine factors need to be considered when designing bus stop to help with safety and comfort for children in line with problems and factors : the four problems when waiting for the bus with children at the bus stop , the three inappropriate factors of the current bus stop , and the six inappropriate factors for protection of children safety in the current bus stop design .
Automatically Quantifying the Impact of a Change in Systems (Journal-First Abstract) Supporting Knowledge Reuse During the Software Maintenance Process through Agents Formal specifications in software maintenance: from code to Z++ and back again Using a Multi-agent Architecture to Manage Knowledge in the Software Maintenance Process Indirectly predicting the maintenance effort of open-source software: Research Articles A Discussion of the Scientific Management and Maintenance of Public Computer Room in University Aspect-oriented Approach to Metamodel Abstraction JRed: Program Customization and Bloatware Mitigation Based on Static Analysis Critical success factors in software maintenance: a case study Newest Titles In Computing from Wiley & the IEEE Computer Society Visual querying and analysis of large software repositories Introduction to software engineering A model of software component interactions using the call graph technique Software as Service An Automated Approach for Requirements Specification Maintenance A Wavelets Analysis Approach to Software Reliability Forecasting Important factors in selecting Requirements Engineering techniques Customer Knowledge in Value Creation for Software Engineering Process A Web-based modeling tool for the SEMAT Essence theory of Software Engineering Syntactic, Semantic and Pragmatic Regularization of Alpha Checklists in the Semat Essence Kernel: A Terminology Unification Approach Framework for Describing and Analyzing Context and Factors for Software Engineering Research: Applying the SEMAT Kernel Success with the project-intensive model for an undergraduate software engineering course Software Engineering Project Courses with Industrial Clients Software Development Issues Novas metodologias de controlo de versões de software A set of tools to teach compiler construction PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN REKAYASA PERANGKAT LUNAK BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI HOD2MLC: Hybrid Ontology Design and Development Model with Lifecycle Searching for better configurations: a rigorous approach to clone evaluation Software engineering and history Change impact analysis for Natural Language requirements: An NLP approach Tool support for change impact analysis in requirement models : exploiting semantics of requirement relations as traceabilitt relations Requirements Composition Table explained Managing the Evolution of Service Specifications Evolution support mechanisms for software product line process Change Impact Study by Bayesian Networks Assessing impact of class change by mining class associations Predicting Change Propagation on Different Levels of Granularity: An Algorithmic View Reducing the Level of Complexity of Working with Model Transformations Functional change impact analysis in use cases: An approach based on COSMIC functional size measurement Dependency Analysis in Ontology-Driven Content-Based Systems Change Impact Analysis in Agile Development Propagation Analysis based on Software Graphs and Synthetic Data. (Analyse de la Propagation basée sur les Graphes Logiciels et les Données Synthétiques) New Software Testing Methodologies for Regulation Needs Workflow Management System in Software Production & Maintenance An Empirical Study on the Requirements Engineering Practices for Agile Software Development Integrating software engineering data using semantic web technologies Green cloud computing: reduced overload with a better architecture Cognitive Abilities and Performance in Database Design: An Observational Study Configuring and Assembling Information Retrieval Based Solutions for Software Engineering Tasks A learning methodology based on semantic tableaux for software engineering education SEON: A Software Engineering Ontology Network Do Contexts Make A Difference?: Software Practitioners' Perspectives on HCI Practice and Integration to Software Engineering Processes Bayesian artificial intelligence for tackling uncertainty in self-adaptive systems: The case of dynamic decision networks User Experience Metric and Index of Integration: Measuring Impact of HCI Activities on User Experience Mixed Methods Research: Insights from Requirements Engineering Towards an Experiment Line on Software Inspection with Human Computation Investigating the Suitability of Web X.Y Features for Software Engineering - Towards an Empirical Survey Exploring software engineering practices in small and medium-sized organizations Identifying effective software engineering (SE) team personality types composition using rough set approach Tracing architecturally significant requirements: a decision-centric approach Nondestructive Testing of Historic Structures Developing a Coding Scheme to Analyse Creativity in Highly-constrained Design Activities Decision Trees Versus Decision Tables for Audit Test Data Design: An Experimental Study Demystifying energy usage in smartphones Visual exploration in volume rendering for multi-channel data Complementary Formal Approaches for Dependability Analysis A view on the internal consistency of linear source identification for I.C. engine exhaust noise prediction To advanced modelling of end plate joints Adaptive resolution min-max classifiers A model-driven approach for facilitating user-friendly design of complex event patterns Based on Usability Experience-Enhanced Potential Community Transportation Design Study in China: A Case of Kindergarten Bus Stop Design
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ASE ICEIS (1) KES COMPSAC ICSM WorldCIST (1) KMO SIGCSE ITiCSE ESEC/SIGSOFT FSE SAC (1) RE RE CAiSE Modeling Approaches and Algorithms for Advanced Computer Applications ENASE (Selected Papers) ICAISC (2) Software Engineering: Evolution and Emerging Technologies EUROMICRO-SEAA MSR ICSME CSEE&amp;T EKAW AfriCHI RAISE@ICSE I-USED CESI@ICSE Software Engineering (Workshops) CHASE ICSE DAC DFT HCI (20)
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