Individual lactate threshold estimation using recurrent neural networks.A standardization of the temporal axis to homogenize different length time-series.A modified stratified sampling for train-test set splitting of time-series.The system shows good individualization and generalization power.A non-invasive, cost efficient and accessible method to assess lactate threshold. Lactate threshold is considered an essential parameter when assessing performance of elite and recreational runners and prescribing training intensities in endurance sports. However, the measurement of blood lactate concentration requires expensive equipment and the extraction of blood samples, which are inconvenient for frequent monitoring. Furthermore, most recreational runners do not have access to routine assessment of their physical fitness by the aforementioned equipment so they are not able to calculate the lactate threshold without resorting to an expensive and specialized center. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to create an intelligent system capable of estimating the lactate threshold of recreational athletes participating in endurance running sports.The solution here proposed is based on a machine learning system which models the lactate evolution using recurrent neural networks and includes the proposal of standardization of the temporal axis as well as a modification of the stratified sampling method. The results show that the proposed system accurately estimates the lactate threshold of 89.52 of the athletes and its correlation with the experimentally measured lactate threshold is very high (R=0.89). Moreover, its behaviour with the test dataset is as good as with the training set, meaning that the generalization power of the model is high.Therefore, in this study a machine learning based system is proposed as alternative to the traditional invasive lactate threshold measurement tests for recreational runners.
The use of non-invasive lactate measurement devices such as the one presented by Borges et. al. @cite_24 is among this type of strategies. However, despite having good accuracy and not taking direct blood samples, the devices are still expensive and can cause extra discomfort specially in sports such as triathlon were the transitions between disciplines are determinant.
@cite_24
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AbstractBorges, NR and Driller, MW. Wearable lactate threshold predicting device is valid and reliable in runners. J Strength Cond Res 30(8): 2212–2218, 2016—A commercially available device claiming to be the world's first wearable lactate threshold predicting device (WLT), using near-infrared LED t