Effect of resin cement system and root region on the push-out bond strength of a translucent fiber post. Effects of silane application on luting fiber posts using self-adhesive resin cement. Effect of root canal sealers on bond strength of fibreglass posts cemented with self-adhesive resin cements. Push-out bond strengths of different dental cements used to cement glass fiber posts. Effect of Intracanal Irrigants on Bond Strength of Fiber Posts Cemented With a Self-adhesive Resin Cement. Fiber post placement with core build-up materials or resin cements—An evaluation of different adhesive approaches The effect of light-curing access and different resin cements on apical bond strength of fiber posts.
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the bond strength of luting systems for bonding glass fiber posts to root canal dentin . The hypothesis tested was that there are no differences in bond strength of glass fiber posts luted with different cement systems . METHODS Forty bovine incisors were r and omly assigned to five different resin cement groups ( n=8 ) . After endodontic treatment and crown removal , translucent glass fiber posts were bonded into the root canal using five different luting protocol s ( self-cured cement and etch- and -rinse adhesive system ; dual-cured cement and etch- and -rinse adhesive system ; self-cured cement and self-etch adhesive system ; dual-cured cement and self-etch adhesive system ; and dual-cured self-adhesive cement ) . Push-out bond strength was evaluated at three different radicular levels : cervical , middle , and apical . The interface between resinous cement and the post was observed using a stereoscopic microscope . RESULTS Analysis of variance showed a statistically significant difference among the cements ( p<0.05 ) and the root canal thirds ( p<0.05 ) . The self-adhesive resinous cement had lower values of retention . CONCLUSIONS The resin cements used with etch- and -rinse and self-etch adhesive systems seem to be adequate for glass fiber post cementation PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of different glass-fiber post surface treatments on the bond strength to root dentin . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Fifty bovine incisors were used in this study . After removing the crowns , the teeth were endodontically treated . The roots were r and omly divided into five groups according to post surface treatment . The groups were as follows : CO ( Control ) - no treatment ; G1 - RelyX Ceramic Primer ( silane ) only ; G2 - silane and Solobond M ; G3 - silane and Scotchbond Adhesive ; G4 - silane and Excite . For post cementation , RelyX Unicem was used according to the manufacturer 's recommendation and the roots were stored in a light-proof container with 100 % relative humidity for 24 h. The specimens were transversally sectioned . Subsequently , the cervical , middle , and apical regions of the root were positioned in a push-out device and tested at 0.5 mm/min using a universal testing machine ( Instron ) . The data were statistically analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey 's post-hoc test . The fractured specimens were then observed under a stereoscopic loupe at 60X magnification . RESULTS No significant difference in bond strength was found among the groups that received a silane or silane plus an adhesive system ( p > 0.05 ) . However , the CO ( no silane ) showed the lowest bond strength . Regarding G1 , G2 , G3 , and G4 , the cervical region of the root canal attained better bond strengths than did the middle or apical regions . The most frequent failure mode occurred at the cement/dentin interface . CONCLUSION Silane application may be necessary to improve the adhesion of fiber posts luted with the self-adhesive resin cement evaluated here . The application of an adhesive layer between the fiber post and resin cement did not have any influence on the bond strength when the silane coupling was previously used AIM This study evaluated the effects of different root canal sealers on the bond strength of a fibreglass post cemented with self-adhesive resin cements . METHODOLOGY The root canals of 50 extracted maxillary single-rooted canine teeth were prepared with the crown-down technique and r and omly divided into five groups according to the sealer used : group 1 : control group , gutta-percha points only ( no sealer ) ; group 2 : AH Plus ( resin-based sealer ) ; group 3 : self-etch Epiphany ( resin-based sealer ) ; group 4 : Sealer 26 ( calcium hydroxide-based sealer ) ; and group 5 : Endomethasone ( zinc oxide eugenol-based sealer ) . The root canals were filled with gutta-percha , the cold lateral compaction technique , except for group 3 where Resilon was used . Post spaces were prepared , and fibreglass posts were cemented with the self-adhesive cement RelyX Unicem . Bonded specimens were sectioned into 1-mm-thick slabs , and a push-out test was performed in a universal machine . Failure modes were observed and classified into five types : ( i ) adhesive between the post and resin cement ; ( ii ) mixed , with resin cement covering 0 - 50 % of the post diameter ; ( iii ) mixed , with resin cement covering 50 - 100 % of the post surface ; ( iv ) adhesive between resin cement and root canal ; and ( v ) cohesive in dentine . Data of bond strength were su bmi tted to anova and Tukey test ( α = 0.05 ) . RESULTS No significant difference was detected between control group , AH Plus , Epiphany and Sealer 26 ( P > 0.05 ) . The Endomethasone group had significantly lower bond strength values than the other sealers ( P < 0.05 ) . The prevalence of mixed fractures and adhesive cement-dentine failure was verified in the eugenol-containing sealer group ; in the control group , the resin-based and calcium hydroxide-based sealer groups , the predominant mode of failure was the mixed type . CONCLUSION Endomethasone interfered negatively with the bond to root dentine ; however , AH Plus , Epiphany and Sealer 26 did not interfere in the bond strength of a fibreglass post cemented with self-adhesive resin cements STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Since the introduction of glass fiber posts , irreversible vertical root fractures have become a rare occurrence ; however , adhesive failure has become the primary failure mode . PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the push-out bond strength of glass fiber posts cemented with different luting agents on 3 segments of the root . MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty human maxillary canines with similar root lengths were r and omly divided into 8 groups ( n=10 ) according to the cement assessed ( Rely X luting , Luting and Lining , Ketac Cem , Rely X ARC , Biscem , Duo-link , Rely X U100 , and Variolink II ) . After st and ardized post space preparation , the root dentin was pretreated for dual-polymerizing resin cements and untreated for the other cements . The mixed luting cement paste was inserted into post spaces with a spiral file and applied to the post surface that was seated into the canal . After 7 days , the teeth were sectioned perpendicular to their long axis into 1-mm-thick sections . The push-out test was performed at a speed of 0.5 mm/min until extrusion of the post occurred . The results were evaluated by 2-way ANOVA and the all pairwise multiple comparison procedures ( Tukey test ) ( α=.05 ) . RESULTS ANOVA showed that the type of interaction between cement and root location significantly influenced the push-out strength ( P<.05 ) . The highest push-out strength results with root location were obtained with Luting and Lining ( S3 ) ( 19.5 ±4.9 MPa ) , Ketac Cem ( S2 ) ( 18.6 ±5.5 MPa ) , and Luting and Lining ( S1 ) ( 18.0 ±7.6 MPa ) . The lowest mean values were recorded with Variolink II ( S1 ) ( 4.6 ±4.0 MPa ) , Variolink II ( S2 ) ( 1.6 ±1.5 MPa ) , and Rely X ARC ( S3 ) ( 0.9 ±1.1 MPa ) . CONCLUSIONS Self-adhesive cements and glass ionomer cements showed significantly higher values compared to dual-polymerizing resin cements . In all root segments , dual-polymerizing resin cements provided significantly lower bond strength . Significant differences among root segments were found only for Duo-link cement OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of five intracanal irrigants on bond strength of fiber posts cemented with newer self-adhesive resin cement . METHODS A total of 60 extracted , single-rooted human premolars , sectioned at 14 mm , were prepared with the ProTaper Universal system with a size F3 instrument and filled with an F3 master cone and AH Plus . The root canal filling was partially removed , leaving 4 mm of apical gutta-percha . Specimens were r and omly assigned to five groups ( n=12 ) , according to the solution used for dentin surface treatment before fiber post cementation , as follows : EDTA 17 % ( EDTA ) ; QMix ( QM ) ; SmearClear ( SC ) ; 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite ( NaOCl ) , and 0.9 % saline solution ( SS ) . Ultrasonic activation was performed ( three times , 20 seconds each ) , and root canals were dried with paper points . Fiber posts were cemented with RelyX U200 . In one specimen per group , rhodamine B dye was mixed with RelyX U200 to provide adequate fluorescence for confocal laser scanning microscopy ( CLSM ) assessment . Specimens were transversally sectioned and three slices were obtained , one for each root third . Next , a push-out test was performed . A stereomicroscope and CLSM were used to analyze the failure modes and to illustrate the pattern of infiltration of RelyX U200 into dentinal tubules , respectively . Bond strength means were calculated , and analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests were used for statistical analysis . RESULTS SS showed the highest mean bond strength values ( 11.5±5.3 ) , superior to QM ( 5.1±3.1 ) and SC ( 5.1±3.3 ) . NaOCl presented intermediary bond strength values ( 9.7±5.0 ) , similar to EDTA ( 7.7±2.9 ) and SS . QM and SC showed the lowest mean bond strength ( p<0.05 ) . Adhesive failures between cement/dentin were predominant ( 53.9 % ) . CONCLUSION SS and NaOCl associated with ultrasonic activation seem to be adequate solutions for root canal cleaning before fiber post cementation with self-adhesive resin cement , whereas chelating solutions , such as EDTA , QM , and SC , cause a decrease in bond strength Abstract Objective . To compare push-out bond strength of fiber-posts luted with different adhesive approaches to root canal dentin . Material s and methods . Forty maxillary first incisors were decoronated and endodontically treated . Specimens were r and omly distributed into five groups ( n = 8) and fiber-posts ( DentinPost coated , Komet ) were inserted using five different luting material s : etch- and -rinse adhesive systems and corresponding core- and -post material in groups 1 ( DentinBond/DentinBuild , Komet ) and 2 ( XP Bond + SCA/Core-X flow , Densply ) , self-adhesive resin cements in groups 3 ( RelyX Unicem , 3 M Espe ) and 4 ( SmartCem 2 , Dentsply ) and a self-etch adhesive/resin cement in group 5 ( ED-Primer II/Panavia F 2.0 , Kuraray ) . The roots were sectioned into eight 1 mm thick serial slices and within 48 h push-out bond strength was investigated . Statistical analyses were performed using non-parametrical Kruskal-Wallis H-test and Mann-Whitney U-test for differences between experimental groups at p < 0.05 . The failure modes were analyzed using Chi square test . Results . The bond strength [ MPa ] ( mean/min – max ) for groups 3 ( 12.35/3.60–32.44 ) , 4 ( 13.52/4.48–30.69 ) and 2 ( 11.15/5.23–35.58 ) were significantly higher ( p < 0.001 ) compared to groups 1 ( 6.66/2.34–24.89 ) and 5 ( 7.41/0.28–34.18 ) . Adhesive failure between dentin and luting agent was the most frequent failure mode . Conclusions . Bond strength of fiber-posts adhesively luted to root canal dentin was significantly higher when self-adhesive resin cements were used . One ( group 2 ) of the tested core- and -post material s/etch- and -rinse adhesive achieved comparable bond strength values PURPOSE This study evaluated the effect of light-curing access on the bond strength of fiber glass posts to the apical area of bovine roots using self-adhesive cement or dual-cured cement with an etch- and -rinse adhesive system . MATERIAL S AND METHODS The root canals of 60 bovine teeth were endodontically treated and filled . A 15-mm-length post space was prepared and roots were r and omly divided into three groups , simulating the levels of light-curing access : coronal ( C ) , with 15-mm post space ; middle ( M ) , in which the coronal thirds of roots were cut out , leaving a 10-mm post space ; and apical ( A ) , in which the coronal and middle thirds of roots were cut out , leaving a 5-mm post space . Fiber glass posts ( Reforpost # 3 , Angelus ) were cemented with RelyX U100 ( 3 M ESPE ) or RelyX ARC/Scotchbond Multi Purpose Plus ( SBMP ) ( 3 M ESPE ) ( n=10 ) and light-cured . After 24 hours , the apical thirds of roots were sectioned perpendicularly to the long axis and su bmi tted to a push-out test ( 0.5 mm/min , 200 N ) . The Kruskal-Wallis test compared the three levels of light-curing access , and the Mann-Whitney test compared the cements . RESULTS The bond strength was significantly higher in the groups C ( p=0.028 ) and M ( p=0.016 ) when U100 was used , whereas it was similar for both cements in group A. The bond strengths of posts cemented with ARC/SBMP were significantly higher in group A compared to group C ( p=0.031 ) . CONCLUSIONS The type of cement used and the light-curing access level influenced the bond strength between glass fiber posts and root canals . The bond strength of the RelyX ARC/SBMP cement proved to be more dependent on photoactivation than was the RelyX U100 cement . The light-curing access level did not influence the apical bond strength of RelyX U100
The results showed heterogeneity in all comparisons , and higher bond strength to dentin was identified for self-adhesive cements .
Although the articles included in this meta- analysis showed high heterogeneity and high risk of bias , the in vitro literature seems to suggest that use of self-adhesive resin cement could improve the retention of GFPs into root canals
Because there are several ways to cement  glass-fiber posts ( GFPs ) into root canals , there is no consensus on the best strategy to achieve high bond strengths .
A systematic review was conducted to determine if there is difference in bond strength to dentin between regular and self-adhesive resin cements and to verify the influence of several variables on the retention of GFPs .