Systematic review of effectiveness of universal self-regulation-based interventions and their effects on distal health and social outcomes in children and adolescents: review protocol Comparison of a family-based group intervention for youths with obesity to a brief individual family intervention: a practical clinical trial of positively fit. Association of number of positive nodes and cervical stroma invasion with outcome of advanced endometrial cancer treated with chemotherapy or whole abdominal irradiation: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Rationale and study protocol for the supporting children’s outcomes using rewards, exercise and skills (SCORES) group randomized controlled trial: A physical activity and fundamental movement skills intervention for primary schools in low-income communities Brief intervention for drug-abusing adolescents in a school setting: outcomes and mediating factors. Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of CBT vs antipsychotics vs both in 14–18-year-olds: Managing Adolescent first episode Psychosis: a feasibility study (MAPS)
Background Growing evidence suggests that childhood and adolescence self-regulation contributes to multiple health , educational and social outcomes . Considering the potential impact of self-regulation skills on improved life chances in conjunction with evidence suggesting that self-regulation can be modified by interventions , there is a need to identify interventions which are most effective in improving childhood and adolescence self-regulation . The present systematic review was design ed to determine the effectiveness of universal interventions focused on enhancing the  self-regulation of children and adolescents . As secondary outcomes , we will also examine the effectiveness of such interventions on distal health and social outcomes . Methods Eligible studies include r and omised controlled trials ( including cluster r and omised trials ) reporting on universal interventions design ed to improve self-regulation in childhood and adolescence ( age 0–19 years ) . The following data bases will be search ed for peer- review ed publications using an iterative search strategy : Medline , PsycINFO , EMBASE , ERIC , CINAHL Plus , British Education Index , Child Development & Adolescent Studies and CENTRAL without applying language or date filters . Additionally , reference lists and citations of included studies will be search ed for eligible studies . A 10 % proportion of the total titles and abstract s will be r and omly selected and screened independently by two review ers ( AP and DH ) . Results will be compared to ensure less than 5 % discrepancy , followed by screening of all results by one review er ( AP ) . Full-text review and data collection will be independently performed by two review ers . Any discrepancies will be solved by mutual discussion , and if unresolved , a third review er ( RV ) will be consulted . Meta- analysis will be conducted to quantify trial effects , if the data is sufficiently homogenous to allow quantitative synthesis . Otherwise , results will be described narratively . Discussion The evidence derived from the systematic review will strengthen the evidence base to inform planning of effective interventions targeting self-regulation skills in childhood and adolescence . This will benefit policy makers , academicians , research ers , health professionals , and also , young people who will benefit from policy and interventions informed by this review . Systematic review registration CRD42016047661 OBJECTIVE To examine the effectiveness of a family-based behavioral group intervention ( Positively Fit ; PF ) for pediatric obesity relative to a brief family intervention ( BFI ) in a sample of treatment-seeking children and adolescents . METHODS Families ( n = 93 ) were r and omized to treatment condition . Assessment s were conducted at pre- and posttreatment and at 12-month follow-up . Outcome indices included st and ardized body mass index ( BMI ) and quality of life ( QOL ) . RESULTS Results indicated a significant reduction in z BMI at posttreatment and follow-up across both conditions . At follow-up , BFI and PF participants evidence d average reductions of .12 and .19 z BMI units , respectively . Children demonstrated better outcomes than adolescents across both conditions . Results indicated clinical ly significant improvements in parent-reported QOL at postintervention and in self-reported QOL at follow-up for PF participants . CONCLUSIONS Results suggest the effectiveness of family-based interventions for pediatric obesity in clinical setting s among younger children . Neither intervention was effective in terms of reducing z BMI among adolescents OBJECTIVE To determine whether the number of positive pelvic nodes ( PPN ) , cervical stromal involvement ( CSI ) , and /or lymphovascular space involvement ( LVSI ) were prognostic factors among women with advanced endometrial carcinoma treated with adriamycin plus cisplatin ( AP ) or whole abdominal irradiation ( WAI ) .  METHODS Data were abstract ed from records of patients treated with adjuvant WAI or AP in a GOG r and omized trial . Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association of CSI and PPN with differences in PFS and OS while adjusting for treatment and previously studied factors . RESULTS  WAI was r and omly allocated to 202 and AP to 194 eligible patients . CSI ( n=93 total ) was associated with a 44 % increase in risk of progression and a 33 % increase in risk of death . There was a trend for increasing number PPN being associated with a 7 % per positive node increase in risk of progression/death . For CSI , the estimated unadjusted treatment hazard ratios ( HRs ) were : PFS 0.85 ( 0.53 , 1.38 ) ; OS 0.81 ( 0.50 , 1.33 ) . For metastatic disease limited to a single PPN ( n=25 ) , the unadjusted HRs were : PFS 0.96 ( 0.34 , 2.74 ) ; OS 0.73 ( 0.24 , 2.18 ) . The test of homogeneity of treatment effect ( ie . , AP vs WAI ) across subgroups ( CSI , number of positive pelvic nodes ) was not statistically significant for either endpoint , thus supporting the superiority of chemotherapy as reported in the original manuscript . CONCLUSIONS The presence of CSI and increasing number of PPN were associated with poor prognosis . On average , patients with CSI experienced improved PFS and OS when treated with AP relative to WAI Background Many Australian children are insufficiently active to accrue health benefits and physical activity ( PA ) levels are consistently lower among youth of low socio-economic position .  PA levels decline dramatically during adolescence and evidence suggests that competency in a range of fundamental movement skills ( FMS ) may serve as a protective factor against this trend . Methods / design The Supporting Children ’s Outcomes Using Rewards Exercise and Skills ( SCORES ) intervention is a multi-component PA and FMS intervention for primary schools in low-income communities , which will be evaluated using a group r and omized controlled trial . The socio-ecological model provided a framework for the 12-month intervention , which includes the following components : teacher professional learning , student leadership workshops ( including leadership accreditation and rewards , e.g. , stickers , water bottles ) , PA policy review , PA equipment packs , parental engagement via newsletters , FMS homework and a parent evening , and community partnerships with local sporting organizations . Outcomes will be assessed at baseline , 6- and 12-months . The primary outcomes are PA ( accelerometers ) , FMS ( Test of Gross Motor Development II ) and cardiorespiratory fitness ( multi-stage fitness test ) . Secondary outcomes include body mass index [ using weight (kg)/height ( m2 ) ] , perceived competence , physical self-esteem , and resilience . Individual and environmental mediators of behavior change ( e.g. social support and enjoyment ) will also be assessed . The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time will be used to assess the impact of the intervention on PA within physical education lessons . Statistical analyses will follow intention-to-treat principles and hypothesized mediators of PA behavior change will be explored . Discussion SCORES is an innovative primary school-based PA and FMS intervention design ed to support students attending schools in low-income communities to be more skilled and active . The findings from the study may be used to guide teacher pre-service education , professional learning and school policy in primary schools . Trial registration Australian New Zeal and Clinical Trials Registry No : This r and omized controlled trial evaluated the use of two brief intervention conditions for adolescents ( aged 12 - 18 years ) who have been identified in a school setting as abusing alcohol and other drugs . Adolescents and their parents ( N = 315 ) were r and omly assigned to receive either a two-session adolescent-only ( BI-A ) , two-session adolescent and additional parent session ( BI-AP ) , or assessment -only control condition ( CON ) . Interventions were manually guided and delivered in a school setting by trained counselors . Adolescents and parents were assessed at intake and at 6 months following the completion of the intervention . Analyses of relative ( change from intake to 6 months ) and absolute ( status at 6 months ) outcome variables indicated that for the most part , adolescents in the BI-A and BI-AP conditions showed significantly more reductions in drug use behaviors compared with the CON group . In addition , youth receiving the BI-AP condition showed significantly better outcomes compared with the BI-A group on several variables . Problem-solving skills and use of additional counseling services mediated outcome . The value of a school-based brief intervention for students is discussed Background Adolescent-onset psychosis is associated with more severe symptoms and poorer outcomes than adult-onset psychosis . The National Institute for Clinical Excellence ( NICE ) recommend that adolescents with first episode psychosis ( FEP ) should be offered a combination of antipsychotic medication ( APs ) , cognitive behavioural therapy ( CBT ) and family intervention ( FI ) . The evidence for APs in treating psychosis is limited in adolescents compared to adults . Nevertheless , it indicates that APs can reduce overall symptoms in adolescents but may cause more severe side effects , including cardiovascular and metabolic effects , than in adults . CBT and FI can improve outcomes in adults , but there are no studies of psychological interventions ( PI ) in patients under 18 years old . Given this limited evidence base , NICE made a specific research recommendation for determining the clinical and cost effectiveness of APs versus PI versus both treatments for adolescent FEP . Methods / design The current study aim ed to establish the feasibility and acceptability of conducting such a trial by recruiting 14–18-year-olds with a first episode of psychosis into a feasibility prospect i ve r and omised open blinded evaluation ( PROBE ) design , three-arm , r and omised controlled trial of APs alone versus PI alone versus a combination of both treatments . We aim ed to recruit 90 participants from Early Intervention and Child and Adolescent Mental Health Teams in seven UK sites .  APs were prescribed by participants ’ usual psychiatrists . PI comprised st and ardised cognitive behavioural therapy and family intervention sessions . Discussion This is the first study to compare APs to PI in an adolescent population with FEP . Recruitment finished on 31 October 2018 . The study faced difficulties with recruitment across most sites due to factors including clinician and service-user treatment preferences . Trial registration Current controlled trial with IS RCT N , IS RCT N80567433 . Registered on 27 February 2017
There is strong evidence for a positive association between CRF and cluster of PF with AP in cross-sectional studies ; and evidence from longitudinal studies for a positive association between cluster of PF and AP ; the relationship between muscular strength and flexibility with AP remains uncertain
Physical fitness ( PF ) is a construct of health- and skill-related attributes which have been associated with academic performance ( AP ) in youth .
This study aim ed to review the scientific evidence on the association among components of PF and AP  in children and adolescents .