Clinical evaluation of three adhesive systems for the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions. Three-year clinical evaluation of One-Step in non-carious cervical lesions. A 36-month clinical evaluation of ethanol/water and acetone-based etch-and-rinse adhesives in non-carious cervical lesions. A three-year clinical evaluation of two-bottle versus one-bottle dentin adhesives. Clinical evaluation of resin composite and resin-modified glass ionomer cement in non-carious cervical lesions. Determination of changes on tooth-colored cervical restorations in vivo using a three-dimensional laser scanning device. Clinical evaluation of tooth-colored materials in cervical lesions. Three-year randomized clinical evaluation of a low-shrinkage silorane-based resin composite in non-carious cervical lesions Class V lesions restored with four different tooth-colored materials – 3-year results Noncarious cervical lesions restored with three different tooth-colored materials: two-year results. Three-year clinical evaluation of the Clearfil Liner Bond system. 5-year clinical performance of resin composite versus resin modified glass ionomer restorative system in non-carious cervical lesions. Restoring cervical lesions with flexible composites. Two-year clinical performance of Class V resin-modified glass-lonomer and resin composite restorations. Clinical evaluation of a nanohybrid and a flowable resin composite in non-carious cervical lesions: 24-month results. An 18-months' evaluation of self-etch and etch & rinse adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions Five-year clinical evaluation of two adhesive systems in non-carious cervical lesions. One-year clinical performance of a resin-modified glass ionomer and a resin composite restorative material in unprepared Class V restorations. Two-year clinical evaluation of resinous restorative systems in non-carious cervical lesions. Retention of a resin-modified glass ionomer adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions. A 6-year follow-up. A clinical evaluation of a resin composite and a compomer in non-carious Class V lesions. A 3-year follow-up. A 24-month randomized clinical trial of a two- and three-step etch-and-rinse technique. Long-term dentin retention of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement in non-carious cervical lesions. A 13-year clinical evaluation of two three-step etch-and-rinse adhesives in non-carious class-V lesions Clinical evaluation of an all-in-one adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions with different degrees of dentin sclerosis. Longevity of glass-ionomer restorative materials: results of a 10-year evaluation. Clinical evaluation of four Class 5 restorative materials: 3-year recall. Randomized clinical trial of two resin-modified glass ionomer materials: 1-year results. Direct tooth-colored materials for noncarious lesions: a 3-year clinical report. Thirteen-year randomized controlled clinical trial of a two-step self-etch adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions. Eighteen-month clinical performance of a self-etching primer in unprepared class V resin restorations. The clinical effectiveness of various adhesive systems: an 18-month evaluation. The use of a reinforced glass-ionomer cermet for the restoration of primary molars: a clinical trial One-year clinical evaluation of five single-step self-etch adhesive systems in non-carious cervical lesions. A three-year clinical evaluation of a one-step self-etch and a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions. A randomized, controlled clinical trial of one-step self-etching adhesive systems in non-carious cervical lesions.
The use of adhesive material s to restore non-carious cervical lesions ( NCCL ) has become the st and ard practice . Until recently , the most reliable material for restoring NCCL is glass ionomer cement , but the esthetics can be problematic . This study compared the retention of a self-etching adhesive , Clearfil SE Bond , with Clearfil ST resin composite ( SE ) , with the phosphoric acid-etch single bottle adhesive Single Bond with A110 resin composite ( SB ) and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement , Fuji II LC , ( FJ ) .  Ninety-two restorations in 20 patients ( mean age 61 years ) were placed . The teeth were restored r and omly and manufacturers ' instructions were followed . Patients were recalled at 6 months , 1 , 2 and 3 years and the restorations were evaluated for marginal staining . The restorations were photographed at baseline and at recall periods . At one year , 80 restorations were available for evaluation ; at 2 years , 65 restorations were evaluated and at 3 years , 55 restorations were evaluated . The cumulative retention rates at 1 year , 2 years and 3 years , respectively , were SE : 97 % , 93 % , 90 % ; SB : 86 % , 77 % , 77 % ; FJ : 100 % , 100 % , 97 % . At 3 years , RM-GIC performed the best , followed by Clearfil SE Bond/Clearfil ST . Single Bond/A110 's performance was significantly less than the other 2 material s ( p = 0.012 ) PURPOSE To clinical ly evaluate the 3-year performance of a one-bottle dentin adhesive in the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions ( NCCLs ) with resin composite . MATERIAL S AND METHODS 105 NCCLs were restored with either AElite Flow , Bisco Glaze ( both flowable resin-based composites ) or Silux ( a microfilled resin-based composite ) , using One-Step dentin adhesive . The cavities were cleaned with pumice and water slurry , the dentin lightly roughened with a fine diamond bur , and the restorations placed according to the manufacturer 's instructions . Patients were recalled at 6 months , 1 year , 2 years and 3 years , and restoration integrity and marginal discoloration assessed . RESULTS The overall retention rates were : 6 months , 100 % ; 1 year , 95 % ; 2 years , 87 % ; 3 years , 75 % . Marginal discoloration was negligible , and there was no significant difference among the material s , although there was a trend for it to be greater around the Bisco Glaze restorations UNLABELLED This double-blind r and omized clinical trial compared different ethanol/water and acetone-based systems in non-carious cervical lesions over 36 months . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Eighty-four patients having at least one non-carious cervical lesion [ NCCL ] under occlusion were enrolled in this study . A total of 84 restorations were placed , half for each group ( Adper Single Bond [ SB ] + FiltekA110 or One Step [ OS ] + MicroNew ) . All the material s were placed by two calibrated operators . Two other independent examiners evaluated the restorations at baseline , 6 , 12 , 18 and 36 months , according to slightly modified USPHS criteria . Statistical analysis between material s in each period was conducted using the Fisher 's exact test ( alpha=0.05 ) , and performance of the material s in the baseline in comparison to each period was evaluated by McNemar 's test ( alpha=0.05 ) . RESULTS The 12- , 18- and 36-month retention rates for SB were 95.2 % ( 12 and 18 months ) and 92.3 % ( 36 months ) . For OS , the retention rates were 83.3 % , 73.8 % and 56.4 % , respectively , for each recall period . After 36 months , 10 OS restorations ( 25.7 % ) and seven SB restorations ( 17.9 % ) were rated as Bravo in the marginal discoloration item . CONCLUSIONS The ethanol/water-based adhesive ( Single Bond ) that was evaluated showed a higher retention rate than the acetone-based system ( One Step ) after 36 months of clinical service BACKGROUND The authors conducted an in vivo investigation to compare the clinical performance of two commercial one-bottle adhesives and a two-bottle adhesive for restoration of noncarious cervical lesions ( NCCLs ) . METHOD The patient pool consisted of 57 patients and 171 teeth ( three teeth per patient ) , with one NCCL per tooth . Each patient received three resin-based composite restorations , each with a different adhesive : one tooth with a two-bottle , water-based adhesive as the control ; another tooth with a one-bottle , ethanol-based adhesive ; and a third tooth with a one-bottle , solvent-free adhesive . The authors assessed restorations in terms of retention , marginal integrity , margin discoloration and air sensitivity at baseline , six months , one year , two years and three years after initial placement . RESULTS The retention rates at 36 months were 88 percent for the first adhesive , 81 percent for the second adhesive and 90 percent for the third adhesive . No statistically significant differences in retention rates could be shown , with 86 percent of restorations retained overall . Measures of marginal integrity , marginal discoloration and sensitivity also had no statistically significant differences between the three adhesives ( P > .05 ) . CONCLUSIONS All three adhesives performed with acceptable outcomes after a 36-month period , with small differences between the one- and two-bottle systems and between the various solvents . Retention rate was moderately high and air sensitivity was markedly reduced ; however , superficial marginal discoloration and marginal degradation was notable . Certain lesion , tooth and patient characteristics may predispose restorations to retention failure . CLINICAL IMPLICATION S The type of solvent may not be a major factor in retention of Class V restorations in NCCLs . Both single-bottle adhesives and conventional two-bottle adhesives performed acceptably BACKGROUND The clinical performance of various tooth-coloured material s used to restore Non-Carious Cervical Lesions ( NCCLs ) has been evaluated . However , most of these evaluations were in western societies where soft diets requiring little mastication were common . The present study sets out to evaluate resin composite and RMGIC in the restoration of NCCLs among a Nigerian sub population group with fibrous diet requiring more rigorous mastication . PATIENTS & METHODS The study included all adult patients that presented at the Dental Hospital , Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex , Ile-Ife , Nigeria with non-carious cervical lesions over a period of six months . The teeth with non-carious cervical lesions in each patient were allocated into treatment with either resin composite or resin-modified glass ionomer cement by simple r and om sampling using ballots . The depth of the NCCLs was measured using a graduated flat ash periodontal probe . All the treatment was done by the first author according to the manufacturer 's instructions . Patients were recalled and evaluated at 48- hours , 3- months , 6- months and 12- months using the USPHS criteria . Data analysis was done using SPSS version 15 . The level of significance was put at 0.05 . RESULTS At the end of 12 months , 143 resin composite and 144 RMGIC restorations were evaluated , out of which 37 resin composite and 13 RMGIC restorations were dislodged , giving a retention rate of 74.1 % and 91.0 % respectively . The difference was statistically significant ( p<0.05 ) . For marginal discolouration , marginal adaptation , abrasion wear resistance , post operative sensitivity , and secondary caries , there were no statistically significant differences in the performance of resin composite and RMGIC . There was more retention failure of both resin composite and RMGIC restorations in NCCLs in m and ibular teeth than in maxillary teeth . The differences were statistically significant ( p<0.05 ) . CONCLUSION RMGIC demonstrated a higher retention rate in the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions than resin composite over a period of 12 month The present study aim ed at the determination of changes of tooth-colored cervical restorations  in vivo using an optical 3-dimensional laser scanning device . The study was performed on 197 cervical restorations placed on incisors , canines , and premolars . Four different tooth-colored restoration material s , a composite , a polyacid-modified resin composite , and two resin-modified glass ionomer cements , were used for the restoration of the lesions . For the determination of changes , images were taken at baseline and 15 , 24 and 36 months after the placement of the fillings using a 3D-laser scanning device . The images were superimposed automatically , and digital subtraction was made by a specially developed image analysis software . The total substance loss on the entire filling surface at 36 months for the resin-modified glass ionomer Photac-Fil was 44 ( + /-23 ) microm , for Fuji II LC 45 ( + /-26 ) microm , for Dyract 71 ( + /-47 ) microm and for Tetric 18 ( + /-12 ) microm . Differentiating between the class of lesion , a higher wear rate was observed at 36 months on restorations which had been placed in erosion/non-carious cervical cavities ( 66 ( + /-33 ) microm ) . In conclusion , the composite material demonstrated a distinctly lower surface wear rate over time in comparison to the resin-modified glass ionomer cements and the polyacid-modified resin composite PURPOSE To determine the 18-month clinical performance of four tooth-colored restoratives in non-carious cervical lesions . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Buccal abrasion lesions in 83 teeth were restored with each of the following material s : Fuji Cap II , Fuji II LC , APH/Universal Bond 3 , Lite Fil II A/Imperva Bond . Baseline and an 18-month recall was carried out using the Ryge ( USPHS ) method for retention , color match , marginal adaptation , cavosurface marginal discoloration , anatomic form and secondary caries . RESULTS The USPHS results ( % alfa ) for the four products were , respectively : color match ( 9 % , 48 % , 57 % , 55 % ) , marginal discoloration ( 71 % , 76 % , 52 % , 50 % ) , marginal adaptation ( 24 % , 24 % , 33 % , 15 % ) , anatomic form ( 67 % , 86 % , 95 % , 45 % ) and retention ( 100 % , 95 % , 100 % , 65 % ) . Results indicated that ( 1 ) Fuji Cap II exhibited a poor color match at baseline ( 2 ) Color matching of Fuji II LC was comparable to the resin composites and ( 3 ) seven Lite Fil II/Imperva Bond restorations ( 35 % ) were dislodged after 1 1/2 years Objective The clinical suitability of low-shrinkage resin composites for class V cavities has not been investigated in vivo . The purpose of this double-blind r and omized clinical trial was to compare the clinical performances of low-shrinkage resin composite Filtek silorane and nanoceramic resin composite Ceram X mono in non-carious cervical lesions ( NCCLs ) over 36 months . Material s and methods Two calibrated operators restored 144 NCCLs in 24 patients by using Filtek silorane with silorane system adhesive ( FS/SSA ) and Ceram X mono with Clearfil SE ( CXM/CSE ) or XP bond ( CXM/XPB ) . Then , two blinded , calibrated evaluators assessed the restorations at the baseline and 6 , 12 , 24 , and 36 months thereafter by using the modified US Public Health Service criteria . Data were analyzed with the Freidman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests at a significance level of 5 % ( P < 0.05 ) . Results No restoration was associated with postoperative sensitivity or secondary caries . Further , no group showed significant changes until 12 months . The retention rates of the FS/SSA ( 97.5 % ) , CXM/CSE ( 97.5 % ) , and CXM/XPB ( 92.31 % ) restorations did not differ significantly ( P > 0.05 ) . Six ( 4 CXM/XPB , 1 FS/SSA , and 1 CXM/CSE ) of the 121 restorations evaluated at 36 months were completely lost . However , no significant intergroup differences were observed in the other evaluation criteria . Conclusion The 3-year clinical performances of the restorative material s in NCCLs were not significantly different . Clinical relevance Filtek silorane is suitable for restoring NCCLs Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the treatment results using four different types of tooth colored material s for restoring class V lesions . A total of 197 class V restorations ( n=197 ) were placed by one dentist in 37 patients on incisors , canines and premolars . The fillings were placed due to different indications : erosion/non-carious cervical defects ( n=69 ) , primary carious lesions ( n=57 ) , and for replacing defective existing fillings ( n=71 ) . The teeth were assigned on a r and om basis to four groups for restoration with either a composite ( group 1 : n=36 ; Tetric , Vivadent ) , or a polyacid-modified resin composite ( group 2 : n=79 ; Dyract , Dentsply ) , or one of two different resin-modified glass ionomer cements ( group 3 : n=51 , Fuji II LC , GC ; group 4 : n=31 , Photac-Fil , Espe ) . The restorations were evaluated by a single-blind design , according to a modified USPHS system 36 months following placement . Statistical analysis was completed with the Pearson Chi-square test for comparing the results of the four groups ( P<0.05 ) . Additionally , the survival rates were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier estimator and the Log-rank test ( P<0.05 ) . The Alpha ratings were as follows ( Tetric/Dyract/Fuji II LC/Photac Fil ) : shade match ( 86%/77%/58%/40 % ) , surface texture ( 81%/83%/16%/9 % ) , marginal integrity ( enamel ) ( 73%/67%/61%/61 % ) , marginal integrity ( dentin ) ( 86%/70%/55%/61 % ) , marginal discoloration ( enamel ) ( 59%/44%/58%/52 % ) , marginal discoloration ( dentin ) ( 82%/84%/71%/48 % ) , anatomic contours ( 91%/83%/39%/ 35 % ) . One Tetric restoration , five Dyract restorations , two Fuji II LC restorations and three Photac restorations were dislodged within the study period . The retention of the restorations showed no significant difference among the four material s. However , the clinical performance of the restorations retained over the 3-year period showed distinct differences for the four material s. The best clinical performance was observed for the resin composite , whereas the quality of the Dyract restorations without enamel etching was worse . The poorest results were obtained for the restorations with the resin-modified glass ionomers INTRODUCTION The aim of this two-year prospect i ve clinical study was to evaluate and compare the clinical performance of three different adhesive esthetic material s in noncarious cervical lesions . MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 90 restorations ( 30 per material ) were placed in 30 patients who ranged in age between 18 and 50 years and of both genders , by a single operator with no previous preparation . The restoration of noncarious cervical lesions was done with either a microfilled composite ( Esthet . X/Dentsply/De Trey , Konstanz , Germany , and Prime&Bond NT/Dentsply/De Trey ) , a nanohybrid composite ( TetricEvoCeram/Vivadent , Schaan , Liechtenstein , and AdheSE/Vivadent ) , or a compomer ( Dyract eXtra/Dentsply/De Trey and Xeno III Dentsply/De Trey ) . All restorations were evaluated by independent examiners using a modified US Public Health Service criteria at baseline and after 12 and 24 months for six clinical categories . Data were analyzed statistically by Pearson 's chi-square or the Fisher 's exact test at 5 % significance level ( p<0.05 ) . RESULTS Results showed that most of the restorations were clinical ly satisfactory after 12 and 24 months , with no statistically significant differences among the three groups for all evaluated criteria . CONCLUSION Treatment of noncarious cervical lesions using composite and compomer material s , combined with the appropriate adhesive systems and properly implemented restorative procedures , gives satisfactory results after a two-year evaluation period Modern dental adhesive systems have improved the bond of restorative material s to mineralized tooth structures . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of composite restorations placed in abrasion and erosion lesions using the Clearfil Liner Bond dental adhesive system . Following ADA clinical guidelines for dentin and enamel adhesive material s , 62 facial class 5 smooth surface erosion or abrasion lesions with no undercuts and involving primarily root surfaces were restored in 25 adult male and female patients . The teeth were restored without preparations using Clearfil Liner Bond and Clearfil Photo Anterior composite resin . The clinical performance of the restorations was assessed by two examiners at baseline , 6 months , 1 , 2 , and 3 years using the following evaluative parameters : color match , marginal discoloration , and marginal integrity according to modified Ryge criteria ; the presence or absence of recurrent decay ; pre- and postoperative sensitivity ; and restoration failure due to loss of retention or other causes . At the end of 3 years , four of the 55 restorations remaining in the study failed due to lack of retention ( 92.7 % retention rate ) . The evaluations of the other clinical parameters demonstrated excellent performance by this system AIM To comparatively assess the 5-year clinical performance of a 1-bottle adhesive and resin composite system with a resin-modified glass ionomer restorative in non-carious cervical lesions . METHOD AND MATERIAL S One operator placed 70 restorations ( 35 resin modified glass ionomer restorations and 35 resin composite restorations ) in 30 patients under rubber dam isolation without mechanical preparation .  The restorations were directly assessed by 2 independent examiners , using modified USPHS criteria at baseline and 6 , 12 , 24 and 60 months . RESULTS Twenty-two patients were available for recall after 5 years ( 73.3 % recall rate ) and 55 out of 70 restorations were evaluated . Excellent agreement was registered for all criteria between examiners ( kappa > or = 0.85 ) . Sixteen composite restorations were dislodged ( 51.5 % retention ) and 1 ionomer restoration was lost ( 96.4 % retention ) . The McNemar test detected significant differences in resin composite restorations between baseline and 5-year recall for marginal integrity ( p<0.001 ) and retention ( p=0.004 ) . For resin modified glass ionomer restorations , no significant differences were identified for all criteria ( p>0.05 ) . When comparing both material s , the Fisher exact test pointed out significant differences in retention ( p=0.002 ) after 5 years of clinical service . CONCLUSIONS After 5 years of evaluation , the clinical performance of resin modified glass ionomer restorations was superior to resin composite restorations OBJECTIVES Flexure at the tooth cervix has been suggested to dislodge cervical restorations more rapidly . The objective of this r and omized controlled clinical trial was to test the hypothesis that a higher composite flexibility better withst and s tooth flexure stress . METHODS One hundred and forty-two non-carious cervical lesions were restored with composites with contrasting stiffness . Seventy-one patients r and omly received two cervical restorations  placed following two out of the three experimental groups : ( 1 ) the three-step etch- and -rinse adhesive Permaquick applied with the stiff micro-hybrid composite Amelogen Hybrid ( PMQ/A-Hy , Ultradent ) , ( 2 ) Permaquick applied with the more flexible micro-filled composite Amelogen Microfill ( PMQ/A-Mi , Ultradent ) , or ( 3 ) the ' golden st and ard ' three-step etch- and -rinse adhesive Optibond FL applied with the micro-hybrid composite Prodigy ( O-FL/Pro , Kerr ) . RESULTS The recall rate at 7 years was 80 % . No statistically significant difference was found for any of the parameters evaluated neither between both adhesives , nor between both composites ( McNemar , p>0.05 ) . Eleven percent of the O-FL/Pro restorations were clinical ly unacceptable due to loss of retention ( 5.5 % ) and severe marginal discoloration ( 5.5 % ) . In the PMQ-group , 22 % of the PMQ/A-Mi restorations ( 8 % loss of retention , 5 % severe enamel margin defects , 3 % severe dentin margin defects , 6 % severe marginal discoloration , 3 % extreme sensitivity ) and 19 % of the PMQ/A-Hy restorations ( 13 % loss of retention , 3 % severe enamel margin defects , 3 % severe marginal discoloration ) needed repair or replacement . SIGNIFICANCE The clinical performance of the three adhesive/composite combinations was good and reliable during the 7-year clinical trial . It was concluded that the composite stiffness does not affect the clinical longevity of cervical composite restorations While a one-year report had been previously published , this study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical performance and appearance of a resin-modified glass ionomer and a resin composite over two years . Thirty-seven pairs of restorations of FujI II LC and Z 250/Single Bond were placed in caries-free cervical erosion/abfraction lesions without tooth preparation . Restorations were clinical ly evaluated at baseline , 6 , 12 , 18 and 24 months using modified Ryge/USPHS criteria . No statistically significant difference ( p = 0.13 ) was observed in the overall performance of the material s. Retention was 96 % for the resin-modified glass ionomer and 81 % for the resin composite , with no additional restorations of either material lost after one year . As previously reported , retention of the Z 250 restorations at six months was below the minimum specified in the ADA Acceptance Program for Dentin and Enamel Adhesives . The resin composite restorations generally had a better appearance , with a 100 % alpha rating in color match , versus 85 % for the resin-modified glass ionomer PURPOSE To evaluate the 24-month clinical performance of  cervical restorations  using a nanohybrid and a flowable resin composite with a one-step self-etching adhesive . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Twenty-one patients with at least one pair of non-carious cervical lesions participated in this study . A total of 134 non-carious cervical lesions were restored ( 67 with a nanohybrid resin composite , Gr and io ; 67 with a flowable resin composite , Gr and io Flow ) using a one-step self-etching adhesive system , Futura Bond NR , by one dentist . The restorations were evaluated for retention , color match , marginal discoloration , marginal adaptation , surface texture , anatomic form , and secondary caries by two calibrated examiners at baseline and after 6 , 12 , and 24 months using modified USPHS criteria . The survival rates of the restorations were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier estimator . The comparison of resin composites for each category was performed with the Pearson chi-square test , and the performance of restorations at baseline and after each recall time was evaluated using McNemar 's test ( p < 0.05 ) . RESULTS All patients attended the 24-month recall . The retention rates at 6 months were 66 % and 58 % , and 61 % and 57 % at 12 months for Gr and io and Gr and io Flow , respectively . At the 24-month recall , the retention rate was 60 % for Gr and io and 54 % for Gr and io Flow . No statistically significant differences were found in retention rates among the restorative material s in any evaluation period ( p > 0.05 ) . For marginal discoloration and anatomical form , three Gr and io and three Gr and io Flow restorations showed Bravo scores at the end of 24 months . The restorations in both groups had Alfa ratings of 100 % for the rest of the criteria evaluated . CONCLUSION The nanohybrid and flowable resin composites showed similar clinical performances in the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions over 24 months Objective . In this intra-individual comparison ( an 18-months ' r and omized , controlled prospect i ve study ) , we evaluated the clinical performance of one self-etch and one “ etch & rinse ” adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions . Methods . Twenty-five patients with at least two pairs of similar-sized non-carious cervical lesions participated . Seventy-eight restorations were placed ; 39 with etch & rinse ( Single-Bond ) and 39 with self-etch ( Adper Prompt ) . Both adhesives were combined with the microfilled resin composite Filtek-A110 . The restorations were evaluated at baseline , 6 , 12 , and 18 months according to slightly modified USPHS criteria . Statistical differences between the adhesives was tested with McNemar 's test and clinical degradation over time for each material with the Fisher exact test ( α=0.05 ) . Results . Thirty pairs were evaluated at 12 and 18 months . Two self-etch restorations were lost after 18 months . Nine Adper Prompt and four Single-Bond restorations scored bravo for marginal adaptation at 18 months ( p<0.05 ) . Nine Adper Prompt and three Single-Bond restorations scored bravo for marginal discoloration ( p<0.05 ) . Conclusions . Both adhesive systems showed acceptable clinical retention rates according to the ADA full acceptance criteria for enamel-bonding systems in class V non-carious lesions . The self-etch adhesive showed a faster progressive marginal degradation OBJECTIVE This controlled clinical trial evaluated the 5-year clinical performance of a self-etching primer system including selective enamel-etching with phosphoric acid and a one-bottle adhesive system . METHODS Seventy-two non-carious cervical lesions in 8 patients ( 4 male and 4 female ) with a mean age of 61.3 years ( range 45 - 78 ) participated in the study . An enamel bevel was placed and dentin lightly ground , and cavities restored with clearfil liner bond II ( LB ) or single bond ( SB ) in conjunction with a hybrid resin composite ( Clearfil AP-X ) . In the case of 27 cavities for LB , the enamel was pretreated with 37 % phosphoric acid for 10 s. Each patient received both types of restoration , which were distributed on a r and om basis . All restorations ( 37 restorations for LB and 35 restorations for SB ) were placed by one dentist . The restorations were evaluated blind after 5 years using modified USPHS criteria . The data were statistically analyzed using the Fisher 's exact test . RESULTS All but one restoration ( which was replaced by a crown after the 2-year recall ) were evaluated after 5 years . 100 % retention rates were recorded for both restorative groups . No caries was detected in association with any restorations . The only minor problem was marginal discoloration ; superficial and localized marginal discoloration occurred around 18 % of the restorations , and mainly at the dentin margin . There were no significant differences in the marginal integrity between the LB and SB groups . CONCLUSIONS Restorative material s used in this study demonstrated a good clinical effectiveness in the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions for 5 years This study evaluated the clinical performance and appearance of a resin-modified glass ionomer and a resin composite over one year . Thirty-seven pairs of restorations of Fuji II LC and Z250/Single Bond were placed in caries-free cervical erosion/abfraction lesions without tooth preparation . Restorations were clinical ly evaluated at baseline and 6 and 12 months , using modified Ryge/USPHS criteria . No significant difference ( p>0.05 ) was observed in performance of both material s , although retention of the Z250 restorations was below the minimum specified in the ADA Acceptance Program for Dentin and Enamel Adhesives . Little difference in the restorations ' appearance was observed This controlled clinical trial evaluated the 2-year clinical performance of a one-bottle etch- and -rinse adhesive and resin composite system ( Excite/Tetric Ceram ) compared to a resin-modified glass ionomer cement ( RMGIC ) ( Vitremer/3 M ) in non-carious cervical lesions . Seventy cervical restorations ( 35 resin composite - RC- restorations and 35 RMGIC restorations ) were placed by a single operator in 30 patients under rubber dam isolation without mechanical preparation . All restorations were evaluated blindly by 2 independent examiners using the modified USPHS criteria at baseline , and after 6 , 12 and 24 months . Data were analyzed statistically by Fisher 's exact and McNemar tests . After 2 years , 59 out of 70 restorations were evaluated . As much as 78.8 % retention rate was recorded for RC restorations , while 100 % retention was obtained for RMGIC restorations . Fisher 's exact test showed significant differences ( p=0.011 ) for retention . However , there were no significant differences for marginal integrity , marginal discoloration , anatomic form and secondary caries between the RC and RMGIC restorations . The McNemar test detected significant differences for Excite/TC between baseline and the 2-year recall for retention ( p=0.02 ) , marginal integrity ( p=0.002 ) and anatomic form ( p=0.04 ) . Therefore , the one-bottle etch- and -rinse bonding system/resin composite showed an inferior clinical performance compared to the RMGIC OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical retention of a new resin-modified glass ionomer cement based adhesive combined with a hybrid resin composite or a poly-acid modified resin composite in non-carious cervical lesions during a 6-year period . METHODS The resin-modified glass ionomer adhesive ( Fuji Bond LC ) , was placed in 73 cervical lesions , 36 with a universal hybrid resin composite ( Tetric Ceram ) and 37 with a poly-acid modified resin composite ( Hytac ) . Fifty-one in lesions with sclerotic dentin and 22 in non-sclerotic ones . Of the sclerotic lesions 38 were slightly roughened with a diamond bur before conditioning . The restorations were evaluated with slightly modified USPHS criteria every six months during a 6-year period . RESULTS All except six restorations were evaluated during the 6 years . Twelve ( 17.9 % ) were lost , four Tetric Ceram ( 11.8 % ) and eight Hytac ( 24.2 % ) ( p<0.05 ) . Four were found in non-sclerotic lesions ( 20.0 % ) and eight in sclerotic lesions ( 17.0 % ) . The differences between the sclerotic and non-sclerotic and the roughened and non-roughened lesions were not significant . CONCLUSIONS The resin-modified glass adhesive showed a superior clinical retention combined with the resin composite material , with an annual failure rate of 2 % PURPOSE To compare the clinical performance of a resin composite and a polyacid-modified resin composite ( compomer ) in non-carious cervical lesions using a one-step self-etch adhesive . METHODS Thirty patients , each with two non-carious cervical lesions ( 60 restorations ) , received one composite ( Pertac-II ) restoration and one compomer ( Hytac ) restoration , both used in conjunction with a self-etch adhesive ( Prompt L-Pop ) and placed following the manufacturer 's instructions . Evaluations were at baseline , 6 , 12 and 36 months after placement for retention , margin adaptation , marginal discoloration , anatomic form , secondary caries and postoperative sensitivity . Statistical analysis with the Pearson Chi-square test was undertaken . RESULTS Retention rates were 86.6 % for composite and 86.7 % for compomer at 36 months . 3.3 % of composite and 6.7 % of compomer restorations showed a deficiency in marginal adaptation . Both material s showed a slight marginal discoloration of 7.7 % . More deterioration in anatomic form occurred with the compomer ( 11.5 % ) than the composite ( 3.8 % ) . None of the restorations exhibited secondary caries or postoperative sensitivity problems . There was no significant difference in performance between the material s in any of the categories evaluated PURPOSE This 24-month r and omized paired tooth clinical study evaluated the performance of All Bond 3 used in the simplified ( 2-step ) and full ( 3-step ) versions . METHODS 33 patients , with at least two similar sized non-carious cervical lesions participated in this study . A total of 66 restorations  were placed , half using the 2-step All Bond 3 ( AB3 - 2 ) and the other half using 3-step All Bond 3 ( AB3 - 3 ) . The restorations were placed incrementally using the composite resin Aelite . The restorations were evaluated at baseline and after 6 , 12 and 24 months following the modified USPHS criteria . Statistical differences between the adhesive were tested using with McNemar 's test and clinical performance over time for each material with the Fisher 's exact test ( alpha = 0.05 ) . RESULTS After 24 months , six AB3 - 2 and four AB3 - 3 were rated as bravo for marginal discoloration but did not differ from each other significantly ( P > 0.05 ) . The retention rates at 24 months of AB3 - 2 and AB3 - 3 were 90.9 % and 97.0 % , respectively ( P > 0.05 ) OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical long-term retention to dentin of seven adhesive systems . METHODS A total of 270 Class V restorations of four etch- and -rinse , one self-etch adhesive system and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement were placed in non-carious cervical lesions without intentional enamel involvement . The restorations were evaluated at baseline , 6 , 12 , 18 , and 24 months and then every year during a 13-year follow-up . Dentin bonding efficiency was determined by the percentage of lost restorations . RESULTS During the 13 years , 215 restorations could be evaluated . The cumulative loss rate at 13 years was 53.0 % , with significant different failures rates for the different systems varying between 35.6 and 86.8 % . Four systems fulfilled the ADA 18-month full acceptance retention criteria . Two systems showed at 18 months and earlier high debonding rates . The annual failure rates for the etch- and -rinse systems were Optibond 3.1 % , Permagen 13.0 % , Scotchbond MP 4.8 % , Syntac classic 2.8 % ; for the self-etch system P&S 4.4 % ; and the resin-modified glass ionomer cement Vitremer 2.7 % . CONCLUSION It can be concluded that all systems showed a continuous degradation of the bond with a wide variation , which was independent of the adhesion strategy . Three bonding systems showed a cumulative failure rate after 13 years between 36 and 41 % with the best retention for the resin-modified glass ionomer cement and a four-step etch- and -rinse system This 13-year r and omized clinical trial compared the clinical effectiveness of two three-step etch- and -rinse adhesives in combination with a hybrid , stiffer composite versus a micro-filled , more flexible composite . The influence of composite stiffness on the clinical performance of one of the adhesives was assessed as well . One hundred and forty-two non-carious cervical lesions were restored with composites with contrasting stiffness . Seventy-one patients r and omly received two cervical restorations placed following two out of three adhesive procedures : ( 1 ) the three-step etch- and -rinse adhesive Permaquick applied with the stiff micro-hybrid composite Amelogen Hybrid ( PMQ-H , Ultradent ) , ( 2 ) Permaquick applied with the more flexible micro-filled Amelogen Microfill ( PMQ-M , Ultradent ) , or ( 3 ) the “ gold-st and ard ” three-step etch- and -rinse adhesive Optibond FL applied with the micro-hybrid composite Prodigy ( OFL-P , Kerr ) . The restorations were evaluated after 6 months , 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 7 , and 13 years of clinical service regarding their retention , marginal integrity and discoloration , caries occurrence , preservation of tooth vitality , and post-operative sensitivity . Retention loss , severe marginal defects , and /or discoloration that needed intervention ( repair or replacement ) and the occurrence of caries were considered as clinical failures . The recall rate at 13 years was 77 % . Bond degradation after 13 years was mainly characterized by a further increase in the presence of small but clinical ly acceptable marginal defects and superficial marginal discoloration . Twelve percent of the OFL-P restorations were clinical ly unacceptable . In the PMQ group , 22 % of the PMQ-M restorations and 26 % of the PMQ-H restorations needed repair or replacement . Regarding the clinical failure rate , Optibond FL scored significantly better than Permaquick ( McNemar ; p = 0.015 ) . No statistically significant differences were found between the micro-filled and the hybrid composite for each of the parameters evaluated ( McNemar , p > 0.05 ) . After 13 years of clinical functioning , the clinical effectiveness of the three adhesive/composite combinations remained highly acceptable This r and omized clinical trial compared the performance of an all-in-one adhesive ( iBond ) applied in sclerotic and non-sclerotic non-carious cervical lesions with that of a three-step etch-prime-bond adhesive ( Gluma Solid Bond , SB ) .  One-hundred and five lesions were r and omly assigned to four groups according to adhesive , sclerosis scale and technique : 1 ) SB applied to lesions with sclerosis scale 1 and 2 ( n=26 ) ; 2 ) iBond applied to lesions with sclerosis scale 1 and 2 ( n=28 ) ; 3 ) iBond applied to lesions with sclerosis scale 3 and 4 ( n=25 ) and 4 ) iBond applied with prior acid-etching to lesions with sclerosis scale 3 and 4 ( n=26 ) . A microfilled composite ( Durafill VS ) was used as the restorative material . The restorations were evaluated for retention , color match , marginal adaptation , anatomic form , cavosurface margin discoloration , secondary caries , pre- and post-operative sensitivity , surface texture and fracture at insertion ( baseline ) , 6 , 18 months and at 3 years using modified USPHS evaluation criteria ( Alfa = excellent ; Bravo= clinical ly acceptable ; Charlie= clinical ly unacceptable ) . There was a high percentage of Bravo scores for marginal adaptation ( 4%-32 % ) and marginal discoloration ( 18%-60 % ) in Groups 2 , 3 and 4 , but all groups had < 5 % Charlie scores at 6 months and < 10 % Charlie scores at 18 months for retention and marginal discoloration , respectively . However , it should be noted that 13 % of the restorations in Group 4 were not retained at three years Three restorative material s used for cervical erosion /abrasion lesions were evaluated clinical ly after 10 years . Thirty adult patients with at least four cervical lesions received one restoration of each of Ketac-Fil , finished immediately , Ketac-Fil , finished after a delay , Chelon-FIl ( all glass-ionomer cements ) , and Cervident ( a resin composite ) . Restorations were placed without any tooth preparations . Eighteen patients returned for their 10-year examinations . Two experienced examiners provided the periodic evaluations . Complete retention at 10 years was 83 % for Ketac-Fil , finished immediately ; 78 % for Ketac-Fil , finished after a delay ; 67 % for Chelon-Fil ; and 17 % for Cervident . All three glass-ionomer restorative material s exhibited statistically significantly greater retention that did Cervident . When a noninvasive procedure is desired , glass-ionomer material s are the restorative material of choice for abrasion/erosion lesions because of their long-term retention values PURPOSE To place four restorative material s , including two resin-based composites ( Pertac III and Synergy ) , an improved resin-modified glass-ionomer ( Fuji II LC Improved ) , and a compomer ( Dyract AP ) , in Class 5 non-carious cervical lesions and to evaluate and compare those restorations for marginal discoloration , anatomic form , surface texture , secondary caries , retention , and marginal adaptation at baseline and annually for 3 years . METHODS The tested material s were used to restore moderate-size Class 5 non-carious cervical lesions . All material s were used following the manufacturers ' directions for etching , bonding , curing , and finishing . Thirty restorations of each material were placed . After rubber-dam isolation , a bevel was placed on the occlusal margin of all preparations except the Fuji II LC Improved , and all preparations were cleaned with pumice . Each restorative material was placed and cured in increments except Fuji II LC Improved . All restorations were evaluated at baseline , 6 months , 1 , 2 , and 3-year recalls using a modified USPHS scale . RESULTS Analysis with Chi Square and Logit Analysis revealed that , at 3 years , Pertac III and Fuji II LC Improved were significantly rougher than all other material s. Pertac III had significantly poorer marginal adaptation than all other material s. All other comparisons were not significant . At 3-year recall , most restorations were satisfactory With institutional review board approval , 33 patients who needed restoration of noncarious cervical lesions ( NCCL ) were enrolled in this study . A total of 92 NCCL were selected and r and omly assigned to three groups : ( 1 ) Ambar ( FGM ) , a two-step etch- and -rinse adhesive ( control ) , combined with the nanofilled composite resin Filtek Supreme Plus ( FSP ; 3 M ESPE ) ; ( 2 ) Fuji II LC ( GC America ) , a traditional resin-modified glass ionomer ( RMGIC ) restorative material ; ( 3 ) Ketac Nano ( 3 M ESPE ) , a nanofilled RMGIC restorative material . Restorations were evaluated at six months and one year using modified United States Public Health Service parameters . At six months after initial placement , 84 restorations ( a 91.3 % recall rate ) were evaluated . At one year , 78 restorations ( a 84.8 % recall rate ) were available for evaluation . The six month and one year overall retention rates were 93.1 % and 92.6 % , respectively , for Ambar/FSP ; 100 % and 100 % , respectively , for Fuji II LC ; and 100 % and 100 % , respectively , for Ketac Nano with no statistical difference between any pair of groups at each recall . Sensitivity to air decreased for all three adhesive material s from the preoperative to the postoperative stage , but the difference was not statistically significant . For Ambar/FSP , there were no statistical differences for any of the parameters from baseline to six months and from baseline to one year . For Fuji II LC , surface texture worsened significantly from baseline to six months and from baseline to one year . For Ketac Nano , enamel marginal staining increased significantly from baseline to one year and from six months to one year . Marginal adaptation was statistically worse at one year compared with baseline only for Ketac Nano . When parameters were compared for material s at each recall , Ketac Nano result ed in significantly worse color match than any of the other two material s at any evaluation period . At one year , Ketac Nano result ed in significantly worse marginal adaptation than the other two material s and worse marginal staining than Fuji II LC . Surface texture was statistically worse for Fuji II LC compared with the other two material s at all evaluation periods . The one-year retention rate was statistically similar for the three adhesive material s. Nevertheless , enamel marginal deficiencies and color mismatch were more prevalent for Ketac Nano . Surface texture of Fuji II  LC restorations deteriorated quickly One hundred fifty-nine noncarious cervical lesions were restored with glass-ionomer cement , resin composite used with a dentinal bonding agent , or the laminate ( s and wich ) restoration , which combines both these material s. These restorations were evaluated at baseline , 1 year , and 3 years for color match , cavosurface marginal discoloration , anatomic form , marginal adaptation , and retention . There was a general deterioration of the restorations with time . Lesions restored with resin composite and a dentinal bonding agent exhibited the highest percentage of lost restorations OBJECTIVE The objective of this r and omized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the 13-year clinical performance of a mild two-step self-etch adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions with and without prior selective phosphoric acid-etching of the enamel cavity margins . METHODS A total of 100 non-carious cervical lesions in 29 patients were restored with Clearfil AP-X ( Kuraray Noritake ) . The composite restorations were bonded following two different approaches : ( 1 ) application of Clearfil SE Bond ( Kuraray Noritake ) following a self-etch approach ( CSE-NE ) ; ( 2 ) selective phosphoric acid-etching of enamel cavity margins before application of Clearfil SE Bond ( CSE-E ) . The restorations were evaluated after 6 months , 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 8 and 13 years of clinical service regarding retention , marginal integrity and discoloration , caries occurrence , preservation of tooth vitality and post-operative sensitivity . RESULTS The patient recall rate at 13 years was 62 % . Six restorations , 4 of the CSE-NE group and 2 of the CSE-E group , were clinical ly unacceptable due to loss of retention ( 1 CSE-NE , 1 CSE-E ) , a severe marginal defect ( 2 CSE-NE , 1 CSE-E ) and caries occurrence in combination with a severe marginal defect ( 1 CSE-NE ) leading to a clinical success rate of 86 % ( CSE-NE ) and 93 % ( CSE-E ) . Ageing of the restorations was characterized by a further increase in the percentage of restorations with a clinical ly acceptable small marginal defect ( CSE-NE : 87 % ; CSE-E : 83 % ) and /or superficial marginal discoloration ( CSE-NE : 53 % ; CSE-E : 56 % ) . The presence of small marginal defects ( CSE-NE : 86 % ; CSE-E : 68 % ) and superficial marginal discoloration ( CSE-NE : 41 % ; CSE-E : 20 % ) at the incisal enamel side was more frequently noticed in the CSE-NE group than in the CSE-E group . The difference , however , was not statistically significant ( McNemar , p>0.05 ) . SIGNIFICANCE After 13 years , the clinical effectiveness of Clearfil SE Bond in non-carious Class-V lesions remained excellent , with selective acid-etching of the enamel cavity margins only having some minor positive effect on marginal integrity and absence of marginal discoloration This study evaluated the clinical performance of unprepared Class V resin composites , placed using a self-etching primer and a single-bottle adhesive , over a period of 18 months . Thirty-eight pairs of restorations of Renew hybrid resin composite ( BISCO , Inc ) were placed using adhesives from the same manufacturer in caries-free cervical erosion/abfraction lesions . Based on insensitivity to air , the dentin in 76 % of these lesions was considered to be sclerotic . The restorations were placed without abrasion of tooth surfaces , except for cleaning with plain pumice . One of each pair was placed using Tyrian , a self-etching primer and the other was placed using One-Step , a single-bottle adhesive placed after acid etching . Both the etchant and self-etching primer were applied for 20 seconds . The restorations were clinical ly evaluated at baseline , 6 , 12 and 18 months , using modified Ryge/USPHS criteria . For both adhesives , very low retention of 50 % to 56 % of the restorations was observed over 18 months , leading to the conclusion that tooth surfaces must receive some additional treatment prior to restoration with these adhesives . No statistically significant difference ( p=0.75 ) between the two adhesives was observed in overall performance , and dentinal sclerosis and axial depth did not appear to be important factors in the study The aim of this clinical trial was to compare the clinical performance of three different adhesive systems over 18 months in noncarious cervical lesions ( NCCLs ) . Thirty patients , with at least three noncarious cervical lesions , were enrolled in the study . One operator r and omly restored a total of 90 lesions with resin composite ( Herculite XRV ) . The restorations were bonded with either Optibond FL ( OF ) , three-step total-etch ; Optibond Solo Plus ( OS ) , two-step total-etch ; or Optibond All-In-One ( OA ) , one step self-etch . The restorations were clinical ly evaluated at baseline and after six , 12 , and 18 months using the eight United States Public Health Services criteria . Data were analyzed using Friedman and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests ( p<0.05 ) . After 18 months , the retention rate was ( OF ) 96.5 % , ( OS ) 93.1 % , and ( OA ) 89.7 % . Differences among the three adhesive systems for evaluated criteria were not observed in comparison of the mean Alfa score percentages . There was a significant increase in marginal discoloration for ( OA ) adhesive  after 18 months compared with baseline ( p=0.011 ) . Other restoration criteria had no statistically significant differences among the three adhesives ( p>0.05 ) . With the exception of marginal discoloration , the clinical effectiveness of three types of adhesive systems in NCCLs was acceptable after 18 months . However , using the one-step self-etch adhesive may lead to some marginal discolorations The development of adhesive restorative material s has led to more conservative cavity design with greater reliance being placed upon the bond of a material with tooth tissue for retention of the restoration . Glass-ionomer cements may offer particular advantages but have yet to achieve the durability reported for amalgam . This study reports on the results of a 2.5-year prospect i ve clinical trial comparing the durability of two glass-ionomer cements , a conventional material ( Ketac Fil ) and a metal reinforced cermet ( Ketac Silver ) in the restoration of Class II lesions in primary molars . Forty-six pairs of restorations were assessed in 37 children . The failure rate of Ketac Fil , 23 % , was significantly lower than that of Ketac Silver , 41 % ( P < 0.05 ) . The median survival time of the Ketac Fil restorations was significantly greater , 25.3 months , than that of the Ketac Silver restorations , 20.3 months ( P < 0.05 ) . These values may be an underestimate of the true longevity of both restoration types as many of the restorations survived intact at the censor date . Neither the age of the child nor the tooth restored influenced the durability of the restoration . The deterioration in both marginal integrity and anatomic form of the Ketac Silver restorations  was significantly greater than the Ketac Fil restorations ( P < 0.05 ) . The durability of Ketac Silver was such that it can not be recommended for use in restoring carious primary This study evaluated the clinical performance of five single-step self-etch adhesive systems over a one-year follow-up period in 98 restorations . Independent evaluations were performed at baseline ( one week ) , after three months , six months , and one year , by two trained examiners using the modified US Public Health Service rating criteria . Color match , marginal integrity , anatomical form , surface roughness , marginal or interfacial staining , postoperative sensitivity , and secondary caries were evaluated . Results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test at a significance level of p<0.05 . After one year , the restorations were re-evaluated and 100 % retention rate was recorded . No caries were detected in association with any of the restorations . Marginal adaptation was the only measure that showed a slight deterioration over time , and there were no significant differences in this factor among the adhesive systems tested ( p=0.464 ) OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess a one-step self-etch adhesive ( Futurabond M , 1-SE ) and a two-step etch- and -rinse adhesive ( Solobond M , 2-ER ) used in combination with the nano-hybrid composite ( Amaris ) in a prospect i ve clinical study on non-carious cervical lesions . METHODS 110 restorations were placed in 40 patients and grade d over 36 months according to aesthetical , functional and biological criteria ( Clinical Oral Investigations 2007;11:5 ) . The four-step etch- and -rinse adhesive Syntac classic ( 4-ER ) combined with the nano-hybrid composite Tetric EvoCeram was used as a control . Cumulative failure rates ( CFR ) , retention rates and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were calculated for each observation period . RESULTS After 3 years , the CFR of 33.3 % in the 2-ER group was significantly higher compared to those of the 1-SE group ( 9.1 % , p = 0.019 ) and of the 4-ER group ( 8.3 % , p = 0.035 ) . Additionally , retention rates in the 1-SE and the 4-ER groups were higher compared to 2-ER ( p = 0.012 each ) after 36 months . Annual failure rates ranged between 2.8 % for 4-ER , 3.0 % for 1-SE and 11.1 % for 2-ER . During the study , restorations in all groups showed progressive marginal deterioration within the limits of clinical acceptance . After 3 years , restorations in the 2-ER and the 4-ER group showed more small defects at dentin than at enamel margins . CONCLUSIONS The 1-SE group was clinical ly as successful as the 4-ER , with both performing better than the 2-ER group . Futurabond M/Amaris can be recommended for the restoration of sclerotic non-carious cervical lesions . CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Number protocol 192/2008 PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of two different one-step self-etching adhesives . METHODS Two single-step self-etching adhesive systems , Clearfil Tri-S Bond and G-Bond , were evaluated . As a control , a two-step self-etching adhesive system , Clearfil SE Bond , was used . The teeth to be restored were r and omly assigned . The resin composite used to restore the teeth was Clearfil AP-X. The three adhesive systems were evaluated by Modified USPHS at baseline , 3 months , 6 months , and 12 months . The evaluation consisted of retention rate , color match , marginal discoloration ( interfacial staining ) , marginal adaptation ( integrity ) , wear , post-operative sensitivity , caries recurrence , and other failures . Changes over time and across groups were evaluated statistically using generalized estimating equations . RESULTS During the 12-month study period , no statistical differences were observed among the three groups ( P > 0.05 ) in retention rate , color match , marginal discoloration ( interfacial staining ) , marginal adaptation ( integrity ) . No wear , post-operative sensitivity , caries recurrence , or other failures were detected in any groups . The two one-step self-etching adhesives tested showed good clinical performance at the end of 12 months
Conclusion The current best evidence indicates that a glass ionomer cement has a significantly lower risk of loss of a NCCL restoration compared to either a three-step etch- and -rinse or a two-step etch- and -rinse adhesive system ; a three-step etch- and -rinse adhesive system has a significantly lower risk of loss of a NCCL restoration compared to a two-step etch- and -rinse adhesive system .
No significant difference could be observed in the risk of loss of a tooth-colored NCCL restoration between a three-step etch- and -rinse adhesive system and either a two-step self-etch or a one-step self-etch adhesive system
Objectives The aim of this review was to assess the effect of different adhesive systems and tooth preparation on the retention of tooth-colored restorative material s  placed in non-carious cervical lesions ( NCCLs ) .