Social influences in sports activity among adolescents Perceived social and physical environmental correlates of physical activity in older adolescents and the moderating effect of self-efficacy. Obese children playing towards an active lifestyle. Gender differences in leisure-time versus non-leisure-time physical activity among Saudi adolescents. Leisure activities and cognitive function in elderly community-dwelling individuals in Japan: a 5-year prospective cohort study. Personal, social, and environmental correlates of physical activity in adults living in rural south-west England: a cross-sectional analysis Leisure-time physical activity of 13-year-old adolescents.
Aims : Habits of leisure time sports activity , similar to other health behaviours , are established during late childhood and early adolescence . While regular leisure time sports activity is a natural part of children 's lifestyle , it starts to decrease during adolescence , particularly among girls . Among the factors influencing children 's sports activity , the role of parents , peers , and other members of children 's social networks seem to be crucial . The purpose of this study was to determine the role of social influences in early adolescents ' leisure time sports activity and to examine gender differences . Methods : Data were collected from middle school students using r and omly selected classes from four schools in distinct school districts in Szeged , Hungary , using a self-administered question naire ( n = 548 ) in which a response rate of 91 % was achieved . Respondents were 10—15 years of age ( mean = 12.2 years , SD = 1.2 years ) with 54.9 % of the sample male and 45.1 % female . Results : Results show significant others as an important influence on sport-related behaviours and suggest that during early adolescence girls ' sports participation is particularly influenced by the social influence of peers ( e.g. friends , classmates , boy/girlfriend ) . Conclusions : Our findings suggest that health promotion programmes should build on possible social influences , i.e. the role of peers , parents and significant others in general , in fostering adolescents ' physical activity OBJECTIVE To determine if perceptions of the social and physical environment are associated with active transport and leisure-time sports among Belgian youth and to investigate if this relationship is moderated by self-efficacy . METHODS In February-May 2008 , 1445 adolescents ( 17.4+/-0.6 yrs ) were recruited in 20 r and omly selected Belgian schools .  Physical activity , psychosocial , and environmental factors were assessed using vali date d question naires . Moderated multilevel regression analysis was used to examine the association between physical activity and possible correlates . RESULTS Social environmental variables  ( modeling and social support ) were positively associated with active transportation and leisure-time sports ( p<0.05 ) . Higher l and use mix diversity , higher street connectivity , more attractive environments , better access to recreational facilities , and higher emotional satisfaction with the neighborhood were associated with more active transportation ( p<0.05 ) . Higher perceived safety from traffic , better access to recreational facilities , more physical activity equipment at home , and fewer electronic devices in the bedroom were associated with more leisure-time sports ( p<0.05 ) . Lower perceived safety and poorer access to ( recreational ) facilities were only associated with lower active transport among youth with lower self-efficacy ( p<0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Creating more supportive environments could have the potential to affect the physical activity levels of Belgian adolescents with both high and low self-efficacy AIM To determine whether five months of guided active play in overweight or obese children and adolescents under multi-disciplinary management for weight reduction leads to increased physical activity levels in leisure time , as well as changes in aerobic fitness and body composition . METHODS Sixty overweight or obese children and adolescents were r and omly assigned to an intervention or control group . All participants received dietary advice and were encouraged to increase physical activity level . The intervention group additionally participated in 60-minute guided active play/physical activity twice a week for 5 months . Physical activity was recorded ; aerobic fitness and body composition were measured at inclusion and after cessation of intervention . RESULTS Physical activity level during weekend days was significantly higher for the intervention group compared with the controls after 5 months intervention ( p=0.04 ) . The mean reduction in percentage of body fat was 1.8 % ( 95%CI : 0.6 , 3.1 ) in the intervention group ( p=0.04 ) and not significant among the controls ( 0.9 [ -0.9 , 2.7 ] ) . There was no change in aerobic fitness . CONCLUSION Five months of guided active play was associated with increased physical activity levels during weekend days and reduced body fat , although weakly , in overweight and obese children and adolescents participating in multi-disciplinary weight reduction programmes OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to examine the gender differences and predictors of leisure versus non-leisure time physical activities among Saudi adolescents aged 14 - 19 years . MATERIAL S AND METHOD The multistage stratified cluster r and om sampling technique was used . A sample of 1,388 males and 1,500 females enrolled in secondary schools in three major cities in Saudi Arabia was included . Anthropometric measurements were performed and Body Mass Index was calculated . Physical activity , sedentary behaviours and dietary habits were measured using a self-reported vali date d question naire . RESULTS The total time spent in leisure and non-leisure physical activity per week was 90 and 77 minutes , respectively . The males spent more time per week in leisure-time physical activities  than females . Females in private schools spent more time during the week in leisure-time physical activities  , compared to females in Stateschools . There was a significant difference between genders by obesity status interaction in leisure-time physical activity .  Gender , and other factors , predicted total duration spent in  leisure-time and non-leisure-time physical activity .  CONCLUSIONS The study showed that female adolescents are much less active than males , especially in leisure-time physical activities . Programmes to promote physical activity among adolescents are urgently needed , with consideration of gender differences OBJECTIVE This study aim ed to clarify the longitudinal relationship between leisure activities and cognitive decline  among Japanese community-dwelling older adults , using a 5-year prospect i ve cohort study design . METHODS A total of 567 men and women , aged 70years and over , participated in the study . The  Mini-Mental State Examination was used in baseline and follow-up surveys to assess cognitive function . The change in cognitive function from baseline to follow-up was determined , and cognitive decline over 5years was used as the outcome variable .  Leisure activities ( hobby , social activity , and physical activity )  were assessed at baseline and used as independent variables . Age , gender , number of years of education , presence of chronic diseases , instrumental activities of daily living , depressive symptoms , smoking , hearing deficits , and level of cognitive function at baseline were used as covariates . RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis , adjusted for potential confounders , showed that non-participation in a hobby  was significantly and independently associated with cognitive decline ( odds ratio : 1.87 , 95 % confidence interval : 1.16 - 3.02 , p<0.01 ) . There were no significant relationships between social activity , physical activity and cognitive decline . CONCLUSIONS Our study found a longitudinal inverse relationship between hobby participation and cognitive decline among elderly Japanese community-dwelling individuals , suggesting that engaging in a hobby in later life can contribute to preserving cognitive function Background Despite the health risks , physical inactivity is common . Identifying the correlates of physical activity to inform the design of interventions to reduce the disease burden associated with physical inactivity is a public health imperative . Rural adults have a unique set of characteristics influencing their activity behaviour , and are typically understudied , especially in Engl and . The aim of this study was to identify the personal , social , and environmental correlates of physical activity in adults living in rural villages . Methods The study used baseline data from 2415 adults ( response rate : 37.7 % ) participating in the first time period of a stepped-wedge cluster r and omised trial , conducted in 128 rural villages from south-west Engl and . Data collected included demographic characteristics , social factors , perception of the local environment , village level factors ( percentage male , mean age , population density , Index of Multiple Deprivation , and sport market segmentation ) , and physical activity behaviour . R and om effects ( “ multilevel ” ) logistic regression models were fitted to the binary outcome whether individuals met physical activity guidelines , and r and om effects linear regression models were fitted to the continuous outcome MET-minutes per week leisure time physical activity , using the personal , social , environmental , and village-level factors as predictors . Results The following factors both increased the odds of meeting the recommended activity guidelines and were associated with more leisure-time physical activity : being male ( p = 0.002 ) , in good health ( p < 0.001 ) , greater commitment to being more active ( p = 0.002 ) , favourable activity social norms ( p = 0.004 ) , greater physical activity habit ( p < 0.001 ) , and recent use of recreational facilities ( p = 0.01 ) . In addition , there was evidence ( p < 0.05 ) that younger age , lower body mass index , having a physical occupation , dog ownership , inconvenience of public transport , and using recreational facilities outside the local village were associated with greater reported leisure-time physical activity . None of the village-level factors were associated with physical activity . Conclusions This study adds to the current literature on the correlates of physical activity behaviour by focusing on a population exposed to unique environmental conditions . It highlights potentially important correlates of physical activity that could be the focus of interventions targeting rural population s , and demonstrates the need to examine rural adults separately from their urban counterparts The leisure-time physical activity  of 13-year-old Finnish adolescents was assessed in the prospect i ve STRIP study . A self-administered question naire ( N=565 ) was used . The leisure-time physical activity index ( PAI ; MET h/week ) was calculated on the basis of reported exercise intensity , duration and frequency ( N=558 ; 53 % boys ) . The participants were divided into Sedentary , Moderately Active and Active groups by PAI tertiles . A sub population ( N=197 ) also used a heart rate monitor ( 3 days , > /=8 h/day ) to assess the time spent on different activity intensities . The median male PAI was 31.3 ( inter-quartile range ( IQR ) 44.2 ) MET h/week and female 19.5 ( IQR 26.3 ) MET h/week ( P=0.0002 ) . The cutoff points of the PAI tertiles were similar for the Active girls ( 31.3 MET h/week ) and boys ( 32.6 MET h/week ) , but for the Sedentary boys it was 19.5 MET h/week and only 5.0 MET h/week for the Sedentary girls . High self-reported leisure-time physical activity associated poorly with time spent on moderate or vigorous exercise measured by heart rate monitoring . Active mothers had more often Active daughters or sons . In conclusion , the amount of leisure-time physical activity of one-third of 13-year-old girls is extremely low . Sedentary adolescents , especially girls , should therefore be put into focus for active efforts to increase their leisure-time physical activity . Parental models may be important
Results suggest that youth with JIA participated less in both  social and physical leisure activities  as compared to healthy peers , and those with JIA did not meet national recommendations for physical activity .
Characterization of leisure activity remains limited and mostly focused on physical activity in JIA .
UNLABELLED The aim of this systematic review is to describe participation in social and physical leisure activities among children and adolescents with JIA , as well as identify potential determinants of leisure participation .