Effect of balneotherapy on the antioxidant system--a controlled pilot study. The therapeutic effects of Cserkeszölö thermal water in osteoarthritis of the knee: a double blind, controlled, follow-up study The effect of balneotherapy on C-reactive protein, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, total antioxidant status and HSP-60 levels Balneotherapy in medicine: A review Effectiveness of Balneotherapy in Chronic Low Back Pain – a Randomized Single-Blind Controlled Follow-up Study Does balneotherapy with low radon concentration in water influence the endocrine system? A controlled non-randomized pilot study The effect of spa therapy in chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled, single-blind, follow-up study Effects of sulfur bath on hip osteoarthritis: a randomized, controlled, single-blind, follow-up trial: a pilot study Evaluation of the effect of Lake Hévíz thermal mineral water in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized, controlled, single-blind, follow-up study. Evaluation of the effect of balneotherapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hands: a randomized controlled single-blind follow-up study Balneotherapy in elderly patients: effect on pain from degenerative knee and spine conditions and on quality of life. The efficacy of alum-containing ferrous thermal water in the management of chronic inflammatory gynaecological disorders--a randomized controlled study. Balneotherapy and tap water therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis Efficacy of balneotherapy on pain, function and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee Effect of spa therapy with saline balneotherapy on oxidant/antioxidant status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a single-blind randomized controlled trial Bath thermal waters in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. The effect of sulphurous water in patients with osteoarthritis of hand. Double-blind, randomized, controlled follow-up study The effect of the thermal mineral water of Nagybaracska on patients with knee joint osteoarthritis—a double blind study Balneotherapy in fibromyalgia: a single blind randomized controlled clinical study [Experimental study on efficacy of thermal muds of Ischia Island combined with balneotherapy in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris with plaques].
BACKGROUND Balneotherapy is among the most widely used modalities of physical therapy in countries rich in mineral waters . This trial was intended to ascertain whether balneotherapy ( i.e. , therapeutic bath in mineral water ) has any influence on the antioxidant system and whether there are any differences compared to bathing in tap water . METHODS The ten subjects in Group I bathed in alkaline thermal water , Group II  used alkaline , chlorine-containing mineral water , whereas Group III  bathed in tap water .  Catalase , superoxide dismutase , malondialdehyde protein and glutathione peroxidase levels were measured at baseline and after concluding the course of balneotherapy . RESULTS Balneotherapy with either of the two mineral waters reduced the activity of all four enzymes studied . Using tap water , however , had no influence on either catalase or superoxide dismutase activity after one session or glutathione peroxidase levels after a course of ten balneotherapy treatments . CONCLUSIONS Thermal water may have a beneficial effect on the formation of free radicals . The therapeutic efficacy of mineral vs. tap water is different , although bathing in hot water itself reduces enzyme activity Abstract . The effects of thermal water from Cserkeszölö in Hungary were appraised in a r and omised , double blind study conducted on 58 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee .  Balneotherapy was delivered as a 15-day course of 30-min daily sessions performed with thermal water ( active treatment ) or tap water of similar colour and odour ( placebo treatment ) . The musculoskeletal status of participants was evaluated at baseline , at the end of the balneotherapy course , and 3 months later . Study endpoints ( initial pain , range of motion , tenderness on palpation , stair climbing , physicians ' opinion and subjective rating by patients , and ambulation ) were assessed using visual analogue scales and symptom scores . Both groups improved ; however , the magnitude of improvement was significantly greater in patients treated with thermal water from Cserkeszölö An increasing body of evidence substantiating the effectiveness of balneotherapy has accumulated during recent decades . In the present study , 42 ambulatory patients ( 23 males and 19 females , mean age 59.5 years ) with degenerative musculoskeletal disease were r and omised into one of two groups — bathing in tap water or in mineral water at the same temperature— and subjected to 30-min balneotherapy sessions on 15 occasions . Study parameters comprised serum levels of sensitised C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , plasma lipids , heat shock protein ( HSP-60 ) and total antioxidant status ( TAS ) . In both groups , CRP levels followed a decreasing tendency , which still persisted 3 months later . At 3 months after balneotherapy , serum cholesterol levels were still decreasing in patients who had used medicinal water , but exhibited a trend towards an increase in the control group . Triglyceride levels followed a decreasing trend in both patient groups . TAS showed a declining tendency in both groups . No changes of HSP-60 levels were observed in either group . Balneotherapy with the thermal water from Hajdúszoboszló spa had a more pronounced physiological effect compared to that seen in the control group treated with tap water in a 3 month period Bathing in water ( balneotherapy or spa therapy ) has been frequently and widely used in classical medicine as a cure for diseases . This paper review s the present literature on the use of balneotherapy in dermatologic , chronic musculoskeletal ( inflammatory and non-inflammatory ) , metabolic and psychological conditions . We performed a systematic review on related papers appearing in the Medline and Cochrane Library data base from 1966 to 2003 that included r and omized controlled and non-r and omized clinical trials using balneotherapy . We also determined to reflect where possible the chemical compositions of spas . The major dermatologic and musculoskeletal diseases that are frequently treated by balneotherapy with a remarkable rate of success are atopic dermatitis , psoriasis , rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) , ankylosing spondylitis , osteoarthritis and low back pain . Moreover , the effects of spa therapy on several metabolic conditions are discussed . The mechanisms by which broad spectrums of diseases respond to spa therapy probably incorporate chemical , thermal and mechanical effects . The importance of balneotherapy either alone or as complement to other therapies should be considered after , or accompanying , orthodox medical treatments Objective : Balneotherapy , a domain of medical science , focuses on utilizing the beneficial effects of medicinal waters . Low back pain is among the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders affecting a large proportion of the population during their lifetime . Although small in number , all controlled studies published on this subject have demonstrated the benefits of balneotherapy . This present study was undertaken to compare the effects of hydrotherapy with mineral water vs. tap water on low back pain . Patients and Methods : A single-blind clinical study was carried out to appraise the therapeutic efficacy of reduced sulphurous water on 60 patients with low back pain . 30 subjects took baths in reduced sulphurous mineral water  , whereas the other 30 patients used modified tap water of matching odor . Parameters determined at baseline , after balneo-/hydrotherapy , and at the end of the 3-month follow-up period included the results of the Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) score , the modified Oswestry index , mobility of the spine , antalgic posture , tenderness of the paravertebral muscles on palpation , the dose requirements for analgesics , and the efficacy assessed by the investigators and by the patients . Results : Bathing in mineral water result ed in a statistically significant improvement . This was reflected by the VAS ( p < 0.01 ) and manifested by the mitigation of muscle spasm ( p < 0.01 ) , the alleviation of local tenderness ( p < 0.01 ) , the enhanced flexion-extension and rotation of the spine ( p < 0.01 ) as well as by the improvement of the Schober ’s index ( p < 0.01 ) . All these beneficial changes persisted as long as 3 months after the completion of balneotherapy . By contrast , hydrotherapy with tap water result ed only in the temporary improvement of just a single parameter : the VAS score improved significantly ( p < 0.01 ) . Conclusions : Balneotherapy in itself can alleviate  low back pain . As demonstrated by this study , the analgesic efficacy and improvement of mobility accomplished by the use of mineral water is significantly superior to that afforded by hydrotherapy with tap water . Our results clearly establish the beneficial effects of mineral water . Moreover , it is a valuable adjunct to other forms of physical treatment as well as to pharmacotherapy Radon bath is a well-established modality of balneotherapy for the management of degenerative musculoskeletal disorders . The present study was conducted to ascertain whether baths of relatively low ( 80 Bq/l ) radon concentration have any influence on the functioning of the endocrine system . In the study , a non-r and omized pilot study , 27 patients with degenerative musculoskeletal disorders received 30-min radon baths ( of 31–32 ° C temperature and 80 Bq/l average radon concentration ) daily , for 15 days . Twenty-five patients with matching pathologies were subjected to balneotherapy according to the same protocol , using thermal water with negligible radon content ( 6 Bq/l ) . Serum thyroid stimulating hormone , prolactin , cortisol , adrenocorticotropic hormone , and dehydroepi and rosterone levels were measured before and after a balneotherapy course of 15 sessions . Comparison of the accumulated data using the Wilcoxon test did not reveal any significant difference between pre- and post-treatment values or between the two patient groups . It is noted that while the beneficial effects of balneotherapy with radon-containing water on degenerative disorders is widely known , only few data have been published in the literature on its effect on endocrine functions . The present study failed to demonstrate any substantial effect of thermal water with relatively low radon content on the functioning of the endocrine system Effect of thermal water with high mineral content on clinical parameters and quality of life of patients with chronic low back pain was studied . In this r and omized controlled , single-blind , follow-up study , 60 patients with chronic low back pain were r and omized into two groups . The treatment group received balneotherapy with thermal-mineral water , and the control group bathed in tap water . Changes of the followings were evaluated : visual analogue scale ( VAS ) for pain , range of motion for the lumbar spine , Oswestry index , EuroQol-5D and Short Form-36 question naires . In the treatment group , the mobility of the lumbar spine , the Oswestry index , the VAS scores and the EuroQoL-5D index improved significantly . SF-36 items improved significantly in the treated group compared with baseline except for two parameters . Our study demonstrated the beneficial effect of balneotherapy with thermal mineral versus tap water on clinical parameters , along with improvements in quality of life The effects of balneotherapy were evaluated in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip . This r and omized , controlled , investigator-blinded study enrolled out patients with hip osteoarthritis according to ACR criteria . In addition to home exercise therapy , one patient group received balneotherapy for 3 weeks on 15 occasions . The mineral water used in this study is one of the mineral waters with the highest sulfide ion content ( 13.2 mg/L ) in Hungary . The control group received exercise therapy alone . The WOMAC Likert 3.1 index and the EQ-5D quality of life self-administered question naire were completed three times during the study : prior to first treatment , at the end of the 3-week treatment course , and 12 weeks later . The main endpoint was achievement of Minimal Clinical ly Important Improvement ( MCII ) at 12 weeks , defined as ≥7.9 points in a normalized WOMAC function score . The intention to treat analysis included 20 controls and 21 balneotherapy patients . At 12 weeks , 17 ( 81 % ) balneotherapy group patients had Minimal Clinical ly Important Improvement and 6 ( 30 % ) of controls ( p = 0.001 ) . Comparing the results of the two groups at the end of treatment , there was a significant difference in the WOMAC stiffness score only , whereas after 12 weeks , the WOMAC pain , stiffness , function , and total scores also showed a significant difference in favor of the balneotherapy group . The difference between the two groups was significant after 12 weeks in point of EQVAS score , too . The results of our study suggest that the combination of balneotherapy and exercise therapy  achieves more sustained improvement of joint function and decreases in pain than exercise therapy alone BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis is the most frequent joint disease and is a leading cause of pain and locomotor disability in elderly people . The treatment of osteoarthritis includes non-pharmacological , pharmacological , and surgical therapies . Silver level evidence has been found concerning balneotherapy in osteoarthritis . AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate how Lake Hévíz thermal mineral water therapy influences pain , knee function , and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis , compared to the control group . STUDY DESIGN r and omized , controlled , single-blind , follow-up study . SETTING Spa Hévíz and St. And rew Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases POPULATION This study included 77 out patients between 45 and 75 years of age with mild to moderate osteoarthritis of the knee meeting the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria . METHODS Patients were r and omized into two groups . In group I ( n = 38 ) , subjects bathed in Lake Hévíz and in group II ( N.=39 ) , patients were treated in a pool full of tap water . Water temperature was 34 ° C for both groups . Participants underwent 30-minute therapy sessions , five times a week for three weeks . Outcome measures were pain visual analogue scale scores , active flexion degree , knee circumference , stair-climb time , Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index ( WOMAC ) , and EuroQoL Group 5-Dimension Self-Report Question naire score ( EQ-5D ) . Study parameters were recorded at baseline , immediately after treatment , and after 15 weeks . RESULTS Comparison of the two groups revealed a statistically significant difference in pain visual analogue scale scores ( P<0.01 ) , active flexion degree ( P<0.01 ) , physical function components of WOMAC ( P<0.05 ) , and EQ-5D scores ( P<0.05 ) even after 15 weeks . CONCLUSIONS Balneotherapy  improved pain , function as well as the quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis . CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT Balneotherapy is a potentially useful treatment modality for patients with knee osteoarthritis Objective : To evaluate the effectiveness of thermal mineral water compared with magnetotherapy without balneotherapy as control , in the treatment of h and osteoarthritis . Design : R and omized controlled single-blind follow-up study . Setting : Rheumatology specialist clinic of Gunaras Health Spa . Subjects : Patients between 50 and 70 years of age with h and osteoarthritis , r and omly assigned into three groups . Interventions : The subjects in the first two groups bathed in thermal mineral water of two different temperatures ( 36 ° C and 38 ° C ) for three weeks five times a week for 20 minutes a day and received magnetotherapy to their h and s three times weekly . The third group received only magnetotherapy . Outcome measures : Visual analogue scale scores , h and grip strength , pinchgrip strength , the number of swollen and tender joints of the h and , the duration of morning joint stiffness , Health Assessment Question naire , and Short Form-36 question naire . The study parameters were administered at baseline , immediately after treatment and after 13 weeks . Results : The study included 63 patients . Statistically significant improvement was observed in several studied parameters after the treatment and during the follow-up study in the thermal water groups versus the control group . The 38 ° C thermal water treatment significantly improved the pinch strength of the right h and ( 0.6 ( 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 0.2 to 1.1 ) vs. 0.03 ( 95 % CI −0.3 to 0.4 ) , P < 0.05 ) and the Health Assessment Question naire parameters ( −0.4 ( 95 % CI −0.6 to −0.2 ) vs. −0.1 ( 95 % CI −0.2 to 0.1 ) , P < 0.01 ) even in the long term . Conclusions : Balneotherapy combined with magnetotherapy  improved the pain and function as well as the quality of life in patients with h and osteoarthritis BACKGROUND Balneotherapy is an established treatment modality for musculoskeletal disease , but few studies have examined the efficacy of spa therapy in elderly patients with degenerative spine and joint diseases . OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of balneotherapy on chronic musculoskeletal pain , functional capacity , and quality of life in elderly patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or with chronic low back pain . METHODS The 81 patients in the study group underwent a 1 day course of 30 minute daily baths in mineral water . Changes were evaluated in the following parameters : pain intensity , functional capacity , quality of life , use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory or analgesic drugs , subjective disease severity perceived by the patients , investigator-rated disease severity , and severity of pain perceived by the patients . We analyzed the results of 76 subjects as 5 did not complete the study . RESULTS Compared to baseline , all monitored parameters were significantly improved by balneotherapy in both investigated groups . Moreover , the favorable effect was prolonged for 3 months after treatment . CONCLUSIONS This study showed that balneotherapy is an effective treatment modality in elderly patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or with chronic low back pain , and its benefits last for at least 3 months after treatment OBJECTIVES Treatment of gynaecological disorders is a frequent , but only barely substantiated application of balneotherapy . This study investigated potential differences between the clinical symptoms , pelvic blood flow and specific laboratory parameters of patients undergoing balneotherapy with two different types of immersion : alum-containing and tap water . STUDY DESIGN The study population comprised 40 patients ( mean age : 39.4 years ) , r and omized into two groups . All subjects took 20 min baths in 38 degrees C water every other day , for 10 occasions altogether . Study parameters were : pain relief , reduction in tissue growth , hormone levels , psychic status , and pelvic blood flow . RESULTS Thermal water improved the clinical parameters of both groups significantly . In comparison with tap water , treatment with alum-containing water accomplished significantly greater progress , as reflected by the relief of pain elicited by h and ling the uterus and improvement of psychic status . Laboratory parameters ( FSH , LH , prolactin , oestradiol and beta-endorphin serum levels ) and the Doppler index did not change in either group . CONCLUSIONS As demonstrated by our results , 3-week balneotherapy is a potentially useful adjunct for the management of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease , but further , long-term studies are notwithst and ing necessary To investigate if spa water is superior to tap water ( TW ) in relieving the symptoms of pain , joint motion , life quality in knee osteoarthritis ( KOA ) patients . In this r and omized placebo-controlled trial , 52 patients with KOA were followed in two groups . In group I ( n = 27 ) , patients were treated in the pool full of spa water at 37 ° C for 20 min a day , 5 days a week , for a period of 2 weeks . In group II ( n = 25 ) , the same protocol was used but spa water was replaced by TW heated to 37 ° C . Patients in both groups were given a home-based st and ardized exercise program . Evaluation parameters were pain ( pVAS ) , tenderness score ( TS ) , 50-ft walking duration , quadriceps muscle strength ( QMS ) , active flexion degree ( AFD ) , WOMAC OA index , and Nottingham Health Profile ( NHP ) . The first evaluation was done after the informed consent was obtained . Second and third evaluations were done at the 2nd and 12th week . PVAS , 50-ft walking duration , AFD , TS , WOMAC , and NHP variables improved in group I. Same variables except QMS improved also in group II . Comparison of the groups just after treatment showed that only pVAS ( P = 0.015 ) , NHP pain score ( P = 0.020 ) , and TS ( P = 0.002 ) differed significantly in favor of group I at the 2nd or 12th week . Both of the thermal treatment modalities were found to be effective in the management of the clinical symptoms and quality of life in KOA patients . However , pain and tenderness improved statistically better with balneotherapy . There were no significant differences between the groups for the other variables The aims of this study were to evaluate whether balneotherapy with mineral sulphate – bicarbonate – calcium water could determine substantial symptomatic improvement , and to detect any changes in the quality of life ( QoL ) of patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis ( OA ) . This was a prospect i ve r and omized , single blind controlled trial . Sixty out patients with primary bilateral knee OA , according to ACR criteria , were included in the study and r and omized to one of two groups : group I ( 30 patients ) was treated with a daily sulphate – bicarbonate – calcium mineral water bath ; group II ( 30 patients ) , the control group , continued their regular outpatient care routine . At baseline , after 15 days and after 12 weeks , patients were evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) for spontaneous pain , Lequesne and Womac Index for gonarthrosis , SF-36 , Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale ( AIMS ) and symptomatic drugs consumption . We observed a significant improvement of all parameters at the end of the cycle of balneotherapy which persisted throughout the follow-up period , whereas in the control group no significant differences were noted . This symptomatic effect was confirmed by the significant reduction of symptomatic drugs consumption . The differences between the two groups were significant for all considered parameters already from the 15th day and persisted during follow-up . Tolerability of balneotherapy  seemed to be good , with light and transitory side effects . Our results confirm that the beneficial effects of balneotherapy in patients with knee OA last over time , with positive effects on the painful symptomatology , a significant improvement on functional capacities and QoL.  Balneotherapy can represent a useful backup to pharmacological treatment of knee OA or a valid alternative for patients who do not tolerate pharmacological treatments Oxidative stress has been shown to play a contributory role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) . Recent studies have provided evidence for antioxidant properties of spa therapy . The purpose of this study is to investigate whether spa therapy with saline balneotherapy has any influence on the oxidant/antioxidant status in patients with RA and to assess clinical effects of spa therapy . In this investigator-blind r and omized controlled trial , we r and omly assigned 50 patients in a 1:1 ratio to spa therapy plus st and ard drug treatment ( spa group ) or st and ard drug treatment alone ( control group ) . Spa group followed a 2-week course of spa therapy regimen consisting of a total of 12 balneotherapy sessions in a thermal mineral water pool at 36–37 ° C for 20 min every day except Sunday . All clinical and biochemical parameters were assessed at baseline and after spa therapy ( 2 weeks ) . The clinical parameters were pain intensity , patient global assessment , physician global assessment , Health Assessment Question naire disability index ( HAQ-DI ) , Disease Activity Score for 28-joints based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( DAS28–4[ESR ] ) . Oxidative status parameters were malondialdehyde ( MDA ) , nonenzymatic superoxide radical scavenger activity ( NSSA ) , antioxidant potential ( AOP ) , and superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) . The NSSA levels were increased significantly in the spa group ( p = 0.003 ) but not in the control group ( p = 0.509 ) ; and there was a trend in favor of spa therapy for improvements in NSSA levels compared to control ( p = 0.091 ) . Significant clinical improvement was found in the spa group compared to the control in terms of patient global assessment ( p = 0.011 ) , physician global assessment ( p = 0.043 ) , function ( HAQ-DI ) ( p = 0.037 ) , disease activity ( DAS28–4[ESR ] ) ( 0.044 ) and swollen joint count ( 0.009 ) , and a trend toward improvement in pain scores  ( 0.057 ) . Spa therapy with saline balneotherapy  exerts antioxidant effect in patients with RA as reflected by the increase in NSSA levels after spa therapy ; whether this antioxidant effect contributes to the clinical improvements observed remains to be verified BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease associated with pain , reduced range of motion , and impaired function . Balneotherapy or bathing in thermal or mineral waters is used as a non-invasive treatment for various rheumatic diseases . AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of hot sulfurous and non-sulfurous waters in the treatment of  knee osteoarthritis  . DESIGN A r and omized , assessor-blind , controlled trial . SETTING A spa resort . POPULATION One hundred and forty patients of both genders , mean age of 64.8±8.9 years , with knee osteoarthritis and chronic knee pain . METHODS Patients were r and omized into three groups : the sulfurous water ( SW ) group ( N.=47 ) , non-sulfurous water ( NSW ) group ( N.=50 ) , or control group ( N.=43 ) who received no treatment . Patients were not blinded to treatment allocation . Treatment groups received 30 individual thermal baths ( three 20-minute baths a week for 10 weeks ) at 37 - 39 ° C . The outcome measures were pain ( visual analog scale , VAS ) , physical function ( Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index , WOMAC ; Lequesne Algofunctional Index , LAFI ; Stanford Health Assessment Question naire , HAQ ) , and use of pain medication . Patients were assessed before treatment ( T1 ) , at treatment endpoint ( T2 ) , and two months post-intervention ( T3 ) . Intra- and intergroup comparisons were performed at a significance level of 0.05 ( P<0.05 ) . RESULTS A significant decrease in VAS pain scores ( pain during movement , at rest , and at night ) and use of pain medication , and improvement in WOMAC , LAFI and HAQ scores were observed from baseline to T2 and T3 within treatment groups ( P<0.001 ) , and between controls and both treatment groups at T2 and T3 ( P<0.001 ) . No significant differences in these variables were observed between treatment groups at T2 , but patients in the SW group reported less pain and better functional status than those in the NSW group at T3 , showing a lasting effect of sulfurous water baths . CONCLUSIONS Both therapeutic methods were effective in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis ; however , sulfurous baths yielded longer-lasting effects than non-sulfurous water baths . CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT Baths in thermal waters , especially those in sulfurous waters , are effective in reducing pain and improving physical function in patients with knee osteoarthritis The aim of the study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of sulphurous water in patients with osteoarthritis of the h and . Forty-seven patients with osteoarthritis of the h and were enrolled into the double-blind , r and omized , controlled study , satisfying ACR criteria . One group of the patients ( n = 24 ) received balneotherapy , bathing in sulphurous thermal water for 20 min per occasion , 15 times in all during a period of 3 weeks . The control group ( n = 21 ) had a bath exclusively in warm tap water . Assessment s were carried out in both groups on four occasions : at the beginning and at the end of the treatment , and 3 and 6 months after the beginning of the treatment . The parameters studied were the following : pain in the h and , morning stiffness in the joints , grip strength of both h and s , and Health Assessment Question naire Disability Index ( HAQ ) and AUSCAN H and Osteoarthritis Index and EuroQol quality of life question naire . At the end of treatment , the improvement was more pronounced in the patient group treated with the sulphurous water . After 3 months , significant improvement could be detected in all parameters , except the morning stiffness and EQ5D . After 6 months , the values of pain , HAQ and AUSCAN continued to be significantly better in comparison with the baseline values . The improvement in quality of life was significant only at the end of the treatment , 6 months later not any longer . The difference between the two groups was significant after 3 months in point of pain and EQVAS .  Balneotherapy and within this the sulphurous spa water alone may be effective for the attenuation of pain in patients with h and osteoarthrosis To study the effect of thermal mineral water of Nagybaracska ( Hungary ) on patients with primary knee osteoarthritis in a r and omized , double-blind clinical trial , 64 patients with nonsurgical knee joint osteoarthritis were r and omly selected either into the thermal mineral water or into the tap water group in a non-spa resort village . The patients of both groups received 30-min sessions of bathing , 5 days a week for four consecutive weeks . The patients were evaluated by a blind observer immediately before and at the end of the trial using Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis ( WOMAC ) indices and follow-up assessment 3 months later . Twenty-seven patients of the 32 patients who received thermal mineral water and 25 of the 32 of those treated with tap water completed the trial . The WOMAC activity , pain , and total scores improved significantly in the thermal mineral-water-treated group . The improvement remained also at the end of the 3-month follow-up . The WOMAC activity , pain , and total scores improved significantly also in the tap water group at the end of the treatment course , but no improvement was detected at the end of the 3-month follow-up period . The treatment with the thermal mineral water of Nagybaracska significantly improved activity , pain , and total WOMAC scores of patients with nonsurgical OA of the knee . Even after 3 months , significant improvement was observed compared to the scores before the treatment or to tap water treatment We aim ed to evaluate the effectiveness of balneotherapy in  fibromyalgia management .  Fifty women with fibromyalgia under pharmacological treatment were r and omly assigned to either the balneotherapy ( 25 ) or the control ( 25 ) group . Four patients from the balneotherapy group and one patient from the control group left the study after r and omization . The patients in the balneotherapy group ( 21 ) had 2 thermomineral water baths daily for 2 weeks in Tuzla Spa Center . The patients in the control group ( 24 ) continued to have their medical treatment and routine daily life . An investigator who was blinded to the study arms assessed the patients . All patients were assessed four times ; at the beginning of the study , at the end of the 2nd week , the 1st month , and the 3rd month after balneotherapy . Outcome measures of the study were pain intensity , Fibromyalgia Impact Question naire ( FIQ ) , Beck Depression Inventory ( BDI ) , patient ’s global assessment , investigator ’s global assessment , SF-36 scores , and tender point count .  Balneotherapy was found to be superior at the end of the cure period in terms of pain intensity , FIQ , Beck Depression Inventory , patient ’s global assessment , investigator ’s global assessment scores , and tender point count as compared to the control group . The superiority of balneotherapy lasted up to the end of the 3rd month , except for the Beck Depression Inventory score and the investigator ’s global assessment score . Significant improvements were observed in PF , GH , and MH subscales of SF-36 during the study period in the balneotherapy group ; however , no such improvement was observed in the control group . Balneotherapy was superior only in VT subscale at the end of therapy and at the end of the third month after the therapy as compared to the controls . It was concluded that balneotherapy provides beneficial effects in patients with fibromyalgia A lot of studies show the efficacy of thermal therapy in psoriasis . The main indications concern all forms of psoriasis ( except for pustolosa and eritrodermic ) especially diffuse psoriasis , intensive itchy , artropatic psoriasis and gutted psoriasis child . Benefit effects of thermal water and muds , which are important parameters in psoriasis ' treatment , they are excellent to reduce inflammation , scaling , and erythema . In this study we evaluated the clinical efficacy of thermal bath plus muds in patients affected by psoriasis . 18 patients has been examined and r and omly divided in 3 group ( A-B-C ) . All the patients received thermal therapy for 4 weeks . To evaluate the behaviour of the disease we performed ( corneometry , sebometry , phmetry ) , as well as evaluation of P.A.S.I. At the end of the study , values of P.A.S.I. showed a reduction from 10 to 6 unites P.A.S.I. for patients belong to group A , more 12 to less 10 for patients belong to group C e no significant variations for group B ( because represent control group ) . Results obtained can be considered useful , considering that thermal treatment was used alone in the treatment of all patients
A similar effect has been found in chronic pelvic inflammatory disease .
The review also revealed that  balneotherapy has some beneficial effects on antioxidant status , and on metabolic and inflammatory parameters .
Based on the results , we conclude that balneotherapy with Hungarian thermal-mineral waters is an effective remedy for  lower back pain  , as well as for knee and h and osteoarthritis
Balneotherapy is appreciated as a traditional treatment modality in medicine .
Hungary is rich in thermal mineral waters .
Balneotherapy has been in extensive use for centuries and its effects have been studied in detail .