Antihypertensive and antioxidant effects of dietary black sesame meal in pre-hypertensive humans Effect of Sesame Oil on Diuretics or ß-blockers in the Modulation of Blood Pressure, Anthropometry, Lipid Profile, and Redox Status A pilot study of open label sesame oil in hypertensive diabetics. Effect of sesame seed on lipid profile and redox status in hyperlipidemic patients Evaluation of flaxseed formulation as a potential therapeutic agent in mitigation of dyslipidemia Olive and Sesame Oil Effect on Lipid Profile in Hypercholesterolemic Patients, Which Better? The combination of vitamin C and grape-seed polyphenols increases blood pressure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Ardeh (Sesamum indicum) could improve serum triglycerides and atherogenic lipid parameters in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized clinical trial. Effects of vitamin E, vitamin C and polyphenols on the rate of blood pressure variation: results of two randomised controlled trials. Comprehensive nutrition plan improves cardiovascular risk factors in essential hypertension. Dietary Flavonoids Added to Pharmacological Antihypertensive Therapy are Effective in Improving Blood Pressure A comparison of dietary and non-dietary factors of hypertension and normal blood pressure in a Chinese population
Background It has been known that hypertension is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) . CVD is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries . Elevation of blood pressure ( BP ) increases the adverse effect for cardiovascular outcomes . Prevention of increased BP plays a crucial role in a reduction of those outcomes , leading to a decrease in mortality . Therefore , the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary black sesame meal on BP and oxidative stress in individuals with prehypertension . Methods Twenty-two women and eight men ( aged 49.8 ± 6.6 years ) with prehypertension were r and omly divided into two groups , 15 subjects per group . They ingested 2.52 g black sesame meal capsules or placebo capsules each day for 4 weeks . Blood sample s were obtained after overnight fasting for measurement of plasma lipid , malondialdehyde ( MDA ) and vitamin E levels . Anthropometry , body composition and BP were measured before and after 4-week administration of black sesame meal or a placebo . Results The results showed that 4-week administration of black sesame meal significantly decreased systolic BP ( 129.3 ± 6.8 vs. 121.0 ± 9.0 mmHg , P < 0.05 ) and MDA level ( 1.8 ± 0.6 vs. 1.2 ± 0.6 μmol/L , P < 0.05 ) , and increased vitamin E level ( 29.4 ± 6.0 vs. 38.2 ± 7.8 μmol/L , P < 0.01 ) . In the black sesame meal group , the change in SBP tended to be positively related to the change in MDA ( R = 0.50 , P = 0.05 ) , while the change in DBP was negatively related to the change in vitamin E ( R = -0.55 , P < 0.05 ) . There were no correlations between changes in BP and oxidative stress in the control group . Conclusions These results suggest the possible antihypertensive effects of black sesame meal on improving antioxidant status and decreasing oxidant stress . These data may imply a beneficial effect of black sesame meal on prevention of CVD The study was undertaken to investigate the effect of sesame oil in hypertensive patients who were on antihypertensive therapy either with diuretics ( hydrochlorothiazide ) or ß-blockers ( atenolol ) . Thirty-two male and 18 female patients aged 35 to 60 years old were supplied sesame oil ( Idhayam gingelly oil ) and instructed to use it as the only edible oil for 45 days . Blood pressure , anthropometry , lipid profile , lipid peroxidation , and enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were measured at baseline and after 45 days of sesame oil substitution . Substitution of sesame oil brought down systolic and diastolic blood pressure to normal . The same patients were asked to withdraw sesame oil consumption for another 45 days , and the measurements were repeated at the end of withdrawal period . Withdrawal of sesame oil substitution brought back the initial blood pressure values . A significant reduction was noted in body weight and body mass index ( BMI ) upon sesame oil substitution . No significant alterations were observed in lipid profile except triglycerides . Plasma levels of sodium reduced while potassium elevated upon the substitution of sesame oil .  Lipid peroxidation ( thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [ TBARS ] ) decreased while the activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , catalase ( CAT ) , and the levels of vitamin C , vitamin E , ß-carotene , and reduced glutathione ( GSH ) were increased . The results suggested that sesame oil as edible oil lowered blood pressure , decreased lipid peroxidation , and increased antioxidant status in hypertensive patients The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sesame oil in hypertensive diabetics medicated with atenolol ( beta-blocker ) and glibenclamide ( sulfonylurea ) .  This open label trial with two intervention periods comprised 22 male and 18 female patients , 45 - 65 years old , with mild to moderate hypertension and diabetes .  Sesame oil ( Idhayam Gingelly oil , V.V.V. & Sons , Virudhunagar , Tamilnadu , India ) was supplied to the patients , who were instructed to use it in place of other cooking oils for 45 days . Blood pressure ( BP ) , anthropometric measurements , plasma glucose , glycated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) , lipid profiles [ total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and triglycerides ( TG ) ] , lipid peroxidation [ thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances ( TBARS ) ] , electrolytes ( sodium , potassium , and chloride ) , and enzymic ( superoxide dismutase , glutathione peroxidase , and catalase ) and nonenzymic ( vitamin C , vitamin E , beta-carotene , and reduced glutathione ) antioxidants were measured at baseline and after 45 days of sesame oil substitution . The same patients were then switched over to other oils like palm or groundnut oils as their regular oils at r and om for another 45 days , and the investigations were carried out again at the end . Systolic and diastolic BP decreased remarkably . When oil substitution was withdrawn , BP values rose again . Body weight , body mass index , girth of waist , girth of hip , and waist : hip ratio were reduced upon substitution of sesame oil .  Plasma glucose , HbA1c , TC , LDL-C , and TG were decreased . TBARS level was reduced , while the activities of enzymic and the levels of nonenzymic antioxidants were increased . Plasma sodium levels were reduced , while potassium levels were elevated . These results indicate that substitution of sesame oil as the sole edible oil has an additive effect in further lowering BP and plasma glucose in hypertensive diabetics Pre- clinical studies suggest that sesame and its lignans induce beneficial changes in risk factors related to cardiovascular disease . This study was design ed to investigate the effects of sesame on reducing serum lipids and enhancing antioxidant capacity in 38 hyperlipidemic patients who were divided into two groups r and omly . For all individuals along the 60 days of study period , the same drug treatments were considered . Intervention group patients were supposed to eat 40 g white sesame seeds daily , and instead of these calories , 240 kcal was removed from their diet . Anthropometric measurements including height , weight and body mass index ( BMI ) were measured . We assessed lipid profile and oxidative stress indicators such as glutathione peroxidase ( GPX ) , superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances ( TBARS ) before and after the intervention . Significant differences among and between the groups were determined by independent t-test and paired sample t-test using 13th version of statistical package for the social sciences . The results showed that the diet with sesame significantly decreased the levels of serum total cholesterol ( TC ) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) and TC/HDL-C ratio . Lipid peroxidation ( TBARS ) decreased while the activities of GPX and SOD were increased . There were no significant changes in anthropometric indexes such as weight and BMI after consumption of sesame . The results suggested that sesame seed supplementation decreased serum TC , LDL-C and lipid peroxidation , and increased antioxidant status in hyperlipidemic patients Background : Cardiovascular diseases ( CVDs ) are an increasing health problem all over the world . The search for natural hypolipidemic agents that can be used besides the synthetic drugs is still in its experimental stage . Plant seeds , particularly flaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum ) , which is a rich source of n-3 fatty acids , lignans and phenolic compounds , have also received increasing attention for their potential role in preventing lipid disorders . The present study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic potential of flaxseeds in dyslipidemia . Methods : The study included 50 dyslipidemic subjects selected by purposive r and om sampling and were divided into two groups , a control and an experimental group . Both the groups were prescribed similar dietary guidelines . Subjects in the experimental group received 30 g of roasted flaxseed powder for 3 months . Anthropometric parameters , blood pressure , and blood lipid profile were estimated before the study and after completion of the study . Results : Flaxseed supplementation result ed in a remarkable improvement in anthropometric measurements , blood pressure , and lipid profile in the experimental group . Body weight and body mass index ( BMI ) of the experimental group were significantly reduced ( p < 0.01 ) . A lowering of systolic and diastolic blood pressure ( p < 0.05 ) was also recorded in the dyslipidemic subjects . Concomitantly , a highly significant reduction ( p < 0.01 ) in total cholesterol , triglycerides , low density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( VLDL-C ) levels , with simultaneous elevation ( p < 0.01 ) in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( HDL-C ) levels was observed . Improvement in lipid levels result ed in reduction of atherogenic indices . Conclusions : The supplementation of roasted flaxseed powder for 3 months improved the BMI , blood pressure , and lipid profile of dyslipidemic subjects , thus exhibiting cardio protective effect Background : The study on natural substances especially , dietary components such as liquid oils affecting cholesterol can be important for therapeutic propose . Sesame seeds with various biomedical actions can be control the hypercholesterolemia . On the other h and , olive oil has a wide range of therapeutic effect on lipid profile in human . The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare lipid profile changes after olive and sesame oils consumption in hypercholesterolemia . Methods : This study was a clinical r and omized trial that was performed via parallel design on 48 patients . The patients were r and omly allocated in to two groups : A : olive oil and B : sesame oil . After 1 month prescription of Step I National Cholesterol Education Program diet , patients consumed 4 table spoons aprox . 60 g ) of refined olive or sesame oil daily as an exchange of other oils , for 1 month . Lipid profiles The P < 0.05 was considered as significant difference . Results : Out of 48 patients , 24 ( 50 % ) were men . The mean age was 41.7 ± 8.3 years . The mean of total cholesterol , triglyceride ( TG ) , low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) , cholesterol , and high density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol , before oil consumption was 224.5 ± 22 , 256 ± 132 , 132.6 ± 9 , and 44.5 ± 11 mg/dl . After olive oil  consumption cholesterol , TG , LDL-C , weight , waist and BMI were decreased and HDL-C was increased . After sesame oil  consumption cholesterol , TG , LDL-C were significantly decreased . Weight , waist were decreased and HDL-C was increased ( P > 0.05 ) . Conclusions : Sesame oil had equivalent effect on lipid profile in comparison olive oil and lipid profile improvement was better in sesame oil in LDL-C and TG Background There is growing evidence that oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction . Thus , dietary antioxidants may beneficially influence blood pressure ( BP ) and endothelial function by reducing oxidative stress . Objective To determine if vitamin C and polyphenols , alone or in combination , can lower BP , improve endothelial function and reduce oxidative stress in hypertensive individuals . Design A total of 69 treated hypertensive individuals with a mean 24-h ambulatory systolic blood pressure ≥ 125 mmHg participated in a r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , factorial trial . Following a 3-week washout , participants received 500 mg/day vitamin C , 1000 mg/day grape-seed polyphenols , both vitamin C and polyphenols , or neither for 6 weeks . At baseline and post-intervention , 24-h ambulatory BP , ultrasound-assessed endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation of the brachial artery , and markers of oxidative damage , ( plasma and urinary F2-isoprostanes , oxidized low-density lipoproteins and plasma tocopherols ) , were measured . Results A significant interaction between grape-seed and vitamin C treatments for effects on BP was observed . Vitamin C alone reduced systolic BP versus placebo ( −1.8 ± 0.8 mmHg , P = 0.03 ) , while polyphenols did not ( −1.3 ± 0.8 mmHg , P = 0.12 ) . However , treatment with the combination of vitamin C and polyphenols  increased systolic BP ( 4.8 ± 0.9 mmHg versus placebo ; 6.6 ± 0.8 mmHg versus vitamin C ; 6.1 ± 0.9 mmHg versus polyphenols mmHg , each P < 0.0001 ) and diastolic BP ( 2.7 ± 0.6 mmHg , P < 0.0001 versus placebo ; 1.5 ± 0.6 mmHg , P = 0.016 versus vitamin C ; 3.2 ± 0.7 mmHg , P < 0.0001 versus polyphenols ) . Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation , and markers of oxidative damage were not significantly altered . Conclusion Although the mechanism remains to be eluci date d , these results suggest caution for hypertensive subjects taking supplements containing combinations of vitamin C and polyphenols BACKGROUND Data suggest that sesame seeds have properties beneficial to modulating lipid disorders and decreasing cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors . The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ardeh , paste of ground unhulled sesame seeds , on lipid profiles and atherogenic lipid parameters . METHODS This r and omized clinical trial included 41 patients with type 2 diabetes , who were r and omly assigned to one of the two groups : group A ( Ardeh 28 g/d , n = 21 ) and group B ( control , n = 20 ) . After an initial two-week washout period , the patients in group A , replaced a part of their usual breakfast with two tablespoon ( tbsp ) ( ~ 28 g ) Ardeh , while group B patients continued the usual breakfast meal for six weeks ; energy content of both breakfast meals was maintained in the same range . Anthropometric measures , blood pressure , serum levels of total cholesterol ( TC ) , triglycerides ( TG ) , LDL-C , HDL-C , and atherogenic index of plasma ( AIP ; log TG/HDL-C ) , TC/HDL-C ratio , and LDL/HDL-C ratio were determined at baseline and six weeks later . RESULTS After six weeks , there were significant decreases in serum TG ( 15.3 mg/dL ) and AIP ( 39 % ) in group A. Moreover , slight decreases in serum TC , LDL-C , and other atherogenic lipid parameters and a mild increase in HDL-C also were observed during Ardeh supplementation . Anthropometric measures and blood pressure were unchanged during the study period in both groups . CONCLUSION Ardeh could have favorable effects in decreasing CVD risk factors in type 2 diabetics High  blood pressure ( BP ) variability  , which may be an important determinant of hypertensive end-organ damage , is emerging as an important predictor of cardiovascular health . Dietary antioxidants can influence BP , but their effects on variability are yet to be investigated . The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of vitamin E , vitamin C and polyphenols on the rate of daytime and night-time ambulatory BP variation . To assess these effects , two r and omised , double-blind , placebo-controlled trials were performed . In the first trial ( vitamin E ) , fifty-eight individuals with type 2 diabetes were given 500 mg/d of RRR-α-tocopherol , 500 mg/d of mixed tocopherols or placebo for 6 weeks . In the second trial  ( vitamin C-polyphenols ) , sixty-nine treated hypertensive individuals were given 500 mg/d of vitamin C , 1000 mg/d of grape-seed polyphenols , both vitamin C and polyphenols , or neither ( placebo ) for 6 weeks . At baseline and at the end of the 6-week intervention , 24 h ambulatory BP and rate of measurement-to-measurement BP variation were assessed . Compared with placebo , treatment with α-tocopherol , mixed tocopherols , vitamin C and polyphenols did not significantly alter the rate of daytime or night-time systolic BP , diastolic BP or pulse pressure variation ( P>0·05 ) . Treatment with the vitamin C and polyphenol combination result ed in higher BP variation : the rate of night-time systolic BP variation ( P= 0·022 ) and pulse pressure variation ( P= 0·0036 ) were higher and the rate of daytime systolic BP variation was higher ( P= 0·056 ) . Vitamin E , vitamin C or grape-seed polyphenols did not significantly alter the rate of BP variation . However , the increase in the rate of BP variation suggests that the combination of high doses of vitamin C and polyphenols could be detrimental to treated hypertensive individuals Increased arterial pressure is known to be influenced by a variety of nutrients . Compliance with dietary recommendations for risk reduction is often limited by the complexity of their implementation . In addition , how improvements in total diet , rather than single nutrients , influence concomitant cardiovascular risk factors has not been thoroughly explored . We assessed the effects of a nutritionally complete prepared meal program , the Campbell 's Center for Nutrition and Wellness plan ( CCNW ) , compared with dietary therapy in which participants received a structured nutritional assessment and prescription and selected their own foods , in 101 women and men with mild-to-moderate hypertension . Outcome measures included blood pressure ( BP ) , lipids and lipoproteins , glucose , glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) , insulin , homocysteine , nutrient intake , compliance , and quality of life . Both dietary interventions significantly lowered BP ( P < .0001 ) , while simultaneously improving the overall cardiovascular risk profile . Significantly greater benefits were observed with the CCNW plan as compared with the participant selected diet in cholesterol and LDL levels ( both P < .0001 ) , LDL : HDL ( P < .001 ) , HbA1c ( P < .05 ) , homocysteine ( P < .001 ) , total nutrient intake ( P < .0001 ) , compliance ( P < .0001 ) , and quality of life ( P < .001 ) . This study demonstrates that improving the total diet to include the full array of recommended dietary guidelines , rather than focusing on single nutrients , has significant benefits for the cardiovascular risk profile of hypertensive persons beyond BP control . Compared with typical dietary therapy , the comprehensive CCNW meal plan has significantly greater effects on multiple cardiovascular risk factors while yielding greater compliance and improved quality of life Epidemiological studies have suggested that the daily intake of flavonoids is associated with a decreased risk of developing cardiovascular disease . Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of the addition of dietary flavonoids ( DF ) to antihypertensive treatment ( AHT ) , based on telmisartan ( Tms ) or captopril ( Cpr ) , on blood pressure ( BP ) , body mass index ( BMI ) , waist/hip ratio , leptin , lipid profile and inflammation in hypertensive young patients . An open‐label , r and omized , controlled trial was performed among 79 patients aged 20–55 years with grade I or grade II systemic arterial hypertension . The subjects were assigned to one of four groups for AHT plus DF during 6 months : Cpr ( n = 14 ) , Cpr + DF ( n = 19 ) , Tms ( n = 25 ) and Tms + DF ( n = 21 ) . DF consisted of dark chocolate , dehydrated red apple and green tea in an infusion to obtain a daily dose of 425.8 ± 13.9 mg epicatechin equivalents . The BP and anthropometric parameters were measured every 2 weeks . Lipid profile , leptin and hsCRP were determined by st and ard methods . The combination AHT‐DF produced an additional and significant reduction in ( i ) SBP/DBP of −5/−4 mmHg , being −7/−5 for Cpr + DF and −4/−3 for Tms + DF ; ( ii ) triglyceride levels ( −30.6 % ) versus AHT alone ( −9.6 % ) ; and ( iii ) leptin : Cpr + DF versus Tms + DF ( p < 0.005 ) . Finally , C‐reactive protein plasma levels were reduced significantly in all groups independently of the applied treatment . We conclude that the addition of flavonoids to pharmacological antihypertensive therapy shows additional benefits on BP , lipid profile , leptin , obesity and inflammation The aim of this study was to compare the differences of dietary and non-dietary factors  in hypertension and normal blood pressure ( BP ) of Chinese urban people . Two cross-sectional population surveys were carried out in Tianjin , one of the three largest cities in China . A total of 2068 subjects aged 35–64 years were selected by a r and om stratified cluster sampling , 367 men and 395 women were hypertensive , and 623 men and 683 women had normal BP .  The diet was assessed by food weighing plus consecutive individual 3-day food records . Health status , health behaviours and anthropomentry were assessed . The whole population had a high sodium and low potassium consumption level . Hypertensive men and women had significantly higher daily dietary sodium intake ( P < 0.05 ) and hypertensive women had higher dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio ( P < 0.01 ) than men and women with normal BP . Age , body mass index , overweight and family history of hypertension were positively related to high BP . dietary sodium intake and dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio were positively associated with high BP . Education level in women and commuting physical activity in men were inversely associated with high BP
The two articles that evaluated individuals with dyslipidemia showed improvement in lipid profile .
The mechanisms of action are still being studied .
ABSTRACT In this systematic review , we discuss the scientific evidence about the effect of dietary intake of seeds and sesame derivatives on lipid profile and blood pressure ( BP ) of hypertensive and dyslipidemic individuals .