The effects of information and negative affect on severity of side effects from radiation therapy for prostate cancer Dyadic support and quality-of-life after radical prostatectomy. A randomized clinical trial of group-based cognitive-behavioral stress management in localized prostate cancer: Development of stress management skills improves quality of life and benefit finding Effects of complementary therapies on clinical outcomes in patients being treated with radiation therapy for prostate cancer Process of coping with radiation therapy. Evaluation of an evidence-based education package for men with prostate cancer on hormonal manipulation therapy. Coping with radiation therapy: optimism and the effect of preparatory interventions. Helping patients with localized prostate carcinoma manage uncertainty and treatment side effects Facilitating research participation and improving quality of life for African American prostate cancer survivors and their intimate partners The effect of dyadic intervention on self-efficacy, social support, and depression for men with prostate cancer. Risk of bias versus quality assessment of randomised controlled trials: cross sectional study Identifying how and for whom cognitive-behavioral stress management improves emotional well-being among recent prostate cancer survivors. Reducing the negative impact of radiation therapy on functional status Active for Life After Cancer: a randomized trial examining a lifestyle physical activity program for prostate cancer patients. Moderators of the benefits of psychoeducational interventions for men with prostate cancer. “Between Men”: A psychosocial rehabilitation programme for men with prostate cancer Randomized clinical trial of a family intervention for prostate cancer patients and their spouses Moderators of an Uncertainty Management Intervention: For Men With Localized Prostate Cancer The effects of a presurgical stress management intervention for men with prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy. Telephone social support and education for adaptation to prostate cancer: a pilot study. Presurgical Stress Management Improves Postoperative Immune Function in Men With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy "Between men": patient perceptions and priorities in a rehabilitation program for men with prostate cancer. An analysis of general medical and specialist journals that endorse CONSORT found that reporting was not enforced consistently. Promoting recovery of sexual functioning after radical prostatectomy with group-based stress management: the role of interpersonal sensitivity. Quality of life intervention for prostate cancer patients: design and baseline characteristics of the active for life after cancer trial. Uncertainty Intervention for Watchful Waiting in Prostate Cancer Improving quality of life in men with prostate cancer: a randomized controlled trial of group education interventions. Androgen Deprivation Therapy and maintenance of intimacy: a randomized controlled pilot study of an educational intervention for patients and their partners. Cognitive‐behavioral stress management improves stress‐management skills and quality of life in men recovering from treatment of prostate carcinoma Intimacy-enhancing psychological intervention for men diagnosed with prostate cancer and their partners: a pilot study. Improving the quality of life of patients with prostate carcinoma A controlled trial of music and pre-operative anxiety in Chinese men undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate.
Abstract A r and omized clinical trial with 152 patients was conducted to examine the effects of an informational intervention on the severity of side effects result ing from  radiation therapy for prostate cancer . We also examined negative affect both as a predictor and as an outcome variable . The informational intervention , given to patients at the first and fifth treatments , was based upon self-regulation theory and provided patients with specific , objective information about what to expect during their radiation treatments . Patients in the comparison group received general information at the same point in time .  Negative affect was measured using the Profile of Mood States ( POMS ) prior to the intervention and at the last treatment . The severity of side effects for each individual was assessed at their last treatment . The results showed that patients in the informational intervention group reported significantly fewer problems with sleep and less fatigue ( marginally significant ) than those in the comparison group . Negative affect was not influenced by group assignment . Baseline negative affect was not related to symptom development , although the development of side effects was associated with an increase in negative mood . The results suggest that patients could benefit from increased knowledge about what to expect during their radiation treatments BACKGROUND : Treatment side effects after radical prostatectomy include urinary , sexual , and bowel dysfunction . These functional declines , coupled with the bother associated with these dysfunctions , lead to a complicated pattern of change in quality -of-life and decreased self-efficacy . METHODS : In this study , 72 men who underwent radical prostatectomy 6-weeks prior were r and omly assigned to usual health care control group or peer-to-peer support ( dyadic support ) group . The dyadic meetings were held once a week for 8 weeks . Measured pre- and post-test was general health-related quality -of-life ( SF-36 ) , prostate cancer-specific quality -of-life ( UCLA Prostate Cancer Index ) , and self-efficacy ( Stanford Inventory of Cancer Patient Adjustment ) . RESULTS : By 8 weeks , self-efficacy significantly improved for men in the experimental group , but not for men in the control group . A series of logistic regression analyses showed that the dyadic intervention significantly accounted for changes in physical role functioning , bowel function , mental health , and social function . Age , education , and self-efficacy had significant interaction effects and increased the effects of the dyadic intervention on several outcomes . CONCLUSIONS : The intervention had a significant impact on how men react socially and emotionally to the side effects of radical prostatectomy Background : Recent literature has indicated that a significant percentage of oncology patients describe finding some benefit ( e.g. , improved personal growth , sense of meaning , and enhanced interpersonal relationships ) in the cancer experience . However , few studies have investigated the role of group-based psychosocial interventions in improving benefit finding ( BF ) , and virtually none have investigated these constructs in men . Purpose : This study examined whether a cognitive-behavioral stress management ( CBSM ) intervention improves BF and quality of life ( QoL ) in men recovering from treatment for localized prostate cancer . Methods : Participants in this study were 191 men ( M age = 65.1 ) treated with radiation or radical prostatectomy for clinical ly localized ( i.e. , Stage I or II ) prostate cancer . Participants were primarily non-Hispanic White ( 40 % ) or Hispanic ( 41 % ) , followed by Black ( 18 % ) and other ethnicity ( 1 % ) , were an average of 65.1 years old ( SD = 7.7 ) , and earned an average of $ 47,800 annually ( SD = $ 41,000 ) . Participants were r and omized to either a 10-week group-based cognitive-behavioral stress management intervention or a half-day educational seminar as a control condition . All participants provided demographic information and completed the Positive Contributions Scale-Cancer to assess BF , the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy to measure quality of life , and a measure of perceived stress management skills . Structural equation modeling was utilized for all analyses . Results : Results indicated that the CBSM condition led to increases in BF and QoL and that these changes were mediated by the development of stress management skills . Conclusions : Results support the use of group-based cognitive-behavioral interventions in promoting QoL and BF in this population This pilot r and omized controlled trial ( RCT ) examined the clinical effects of 2 complementary ( CAM ) therapies , relaxation response therapy ( RRT ) and Reiki therapy , in men being treated with external beam radiotherapy ( EBRx ) for prostate cancer Evaluated the ability of self-regulation and emotional-drive theories to explain effects of an informational intervention entailing descriptions of the experience in concrete objective terms on outcomes of coping with  radiation therapy ( RT )  in men ( N = 84 ) with prostate cancer . The experimental group had significantly less disruption in function during and for 3 months following RT than the comparison group . The intervention had no significant effect on negative mood . Consistent with self-regulation theory , similarity between expectations and experience and degree of underst and ing of the experience mediated the effect of the intervention on function . Emotional-drive theory was not supported . These results are consistent with prior research with surgical patients and support the relevance of the information-processing explanations of self-regulation theory to coping with stressful experiences associated with physical illness Prostate cancer has become a public health problem worldwide with considerable social and economic consequences . Many men have extraprostatic spread at diagnosis , and treatment usually involves hormonal manipulation therapy  , which can challenge the stereotypical male image . It is often assumed that merely the provision of educational material for patients in an accessible form is sufficient to address informational needs . However , with the increasing emphasis on evidence -based practice , an essential element of the patient education process is evaluation of the impact of educational interventions . In this study , a r and omised controlled trial was used to evaluate the effect of an evidence -based education package on the knowledge of disease and treatment , quality of life , coping and satisfaction of a sample ( n=55 ) of men with prostate cancer on hormonal manipulation therapy in the UK . The men were r and omly assigned to experimental ( n=28 ) and control group ( n=27 ) . Established instruments with satisfactory reliability and validity were used to measure the dependent variables . The independent variable , namely the education package , had been developed following the results of a previous study , which assessed the informational needs of this client group . This package consisted of an information booklet supplemented by the verbal teaching of a urology nurse . Results demonstrated that delivery of the education package had a significant effect on knowledge , quality of life and satisfaction with care , but not on coping . This study has contributed to the evidence -base for practice in urological nursing . This education package should become a routine , and not merely incidental aspect of care for this client group To test the hypotheses that pessimists might benefit from concrete objective information based on self-regulation theory and that optimists might benefit from instruction in self-care and coping based on self-care theory , 62 patients receiving radiation therapy ( RT ) for prostate cancer were studied . The two experimental and control intervention messages were given three times during RT .  Mood and disruption of activities were assessed three times during and three times after RT . The self-care instruction had no effects on either outcome . The prediction from self-regulation theory was supported , in part , with concrete objective information having a positive effect on mood among pessimistic patients . Concrete objective information result ed in less recreation and pastime disruption in both optimistic and pessimistic patients at the times they experienced the most RT side effects The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of an  individualized uncertainty management intervention delivered by telephone to Caucasian and African‐American men with localized prostate carcinoma and directed at managing the uncertainties of their disease and treatment African American men experience worse prostate cancer outcomes compared with those of Caucasian men , not only in incidence and mortality rates , but also in coping with the side effects of treatment . Unfortunately , African American men have been significantly under‐represented in research evaluating the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for improving coping in prostate cancer survivors . This pilot study explored the feasibility and efficacy of coping skills training ( CST ) , an intervention developed to enhance coping with treatment side effects in a sample of African American prostate cancer survivors and their intimate partners . The intervention was delivered in a telephone‐based format design ed to facilitate research participation . A total of 40 couples were r and omized to either 6 sessions of CST or usual care . Survivors completed measures of disease‐specific quality of life ( QOL ) related to urinary , sexual , bowel , and hormonal symptom domains , as well as measures of global QOL ( i.e. , physical functioning and mental health ) . Partners completed measures of caregiver strain , mood , and vigor . Analysis of data from 30 couples ( 12 couples in CST , 18 couples in usual care ) indicated that CST produced moderate to large treatment effects for QOL related to bowel , urinary , sexual , and hormonal symptoms .  Partners who underwent CST  reported less caregiver strain , depression , and fatigue , and more vigor , with moderate effect sizes observed that approached conventional levels of statistical significance . These preliminary findings suggest that telephone‐based CST is a feasible approach that can successfully enhance coping inAfrican American prostate cancer survivors and their intimate partners . Cancer 2007 . © 2006 American Cancer Society Urinary and sexual dysfunctions are side effects of radical prostatectomy ( RP ) for prostate cancer ( PC ) that contribute to depression . Despite the effectiveness of support groups at reducing depression in cancer patients , men typically do not participate in them . The purpose of this pilot study was to test the effects of a dyadic intervention ( one-to-one support ) on social support  ( Modified Inventory of Socially Supportive Behaviors ) , self-efficacy ( Stanford Inventory of Cancer Patient Adjustment ) , and depression ( Geriatric Depression Scale ) .  Subjects were r and omized to group . Controls ( N=15 ; Mage=59.7 ) received usual care . Experimentals were paired with long-term survivors ( LTS ) who had RP and who had treatment side effects in common . Experimentals ( N=15 ; Mage=57.5 ) met with a LTS 8 times in 8 weeks to discuss concerns associated with survivorship . No significant differences were detected on social support , but after 4 weeks , significant differences were present on depression between controls and experimentals , however these differences were not seen at 8 weeks . After 8 weeks , there were also significant differences on self-efficacy between controls and experimentals . Weekly anecdotal data supported the feasibility and acceptance of the intervention that was a low cost strategy effective at reducing depression and increasing self-efficacy in men treated by RP . Future research directions and clinical application is presented Objectives To evaluate the risk of bias tool , introduced by the Cochrane Collaboration for assessing the internal validity of r and omised trials , for inter-rater agreement , concurrent validity compared with the Jadad scale and Schulz approach to allocation concealment , and the relation between risk of bias and effect estimates . Design Cross sectional study . Study sample 163 trials in children . Main outcome measures Inter-rater agreement between review ers assessing trials using the risk of bias tool ( weighted κ ) , time to apply the risk of bias tool compared with other approaches to quality assessment ( paired t test ) , degree of correlation for overall risk compared with overall quality scores ( Kendall ’s τ statistic ) , and magnitude of effect estimates for studies classified as being at high , unclear , or low risk of bias ( metaregression ) . Results Inter-rater agreement on individual domains of the risk of bias tool ranged from slight ( κ=0.13 ) to substantial ( κ=0.74 ) . The mean time to complete the risk of bias tool was significantly longer than for the Jadad scale and Schulz approach , individually or combined ( 8.8 minutes ( SD 2.2 ) per study v 2.0 ( SD 0.8 ) , P<0.001 ) . There was low correlation between risk of bias overall compared with the Jadad scores ( P=0.395 ) and Schulz approach ( P=0.064 ) . Effect sizes differed between studies assessed as being at high or unclear risk of bias ( 0.52 ) compared with those at low risk ( 0.23 ) . Conclusions Inter-rater agreement varied across domains of the risk of bias tool . Generally , agreement was poorer for those items that required more judgment . There was low correlation between assessment s of overall risk of bias and two common approaches to quality assessment : the Jadad scale and Schulz approach to allocation concealment . Overall risk of bias as assessed by the risk of bias tool differentiated effect estimates , with more conservative estimates for studies at low risk OBJECTIVE The outcomes of a 10-week cognitive-behavioral stress management ( CBSM ) group intervention were evaluated in prostate cancer survivors . A model was tested in which CBSM-related improvements in emotional well-being were attained through changes in men 's perceptions of their condition , as conceptualized by information processing explanations of self-regulation theory . The model also tested whether life stress and treatment-related side effects moderated intervention effects . METHODS Men treated for localized prostate cancer ( n = 257 ) within the past 18 months were r and omized to CBSM or a half-day psycho-educational seminar . At pre-intervention and 12-week follow-up , emotional well-being , illness perceptions , life stress , and sexual and urinary function were assessed using vali date d question naires . RESULTS After controlling for covariates , CBSM participants showed greater improvements in emotional well-being relative to control participants ( β = 0.13 , p < 0.05 ) . For men reporting higher stress upon study entry ,  CBSM-related  improvements were partially explained by changes in some , but not all , illness perceptions . Sexual and urinary dysfunction did not influence CBSM-related gains . CONCLUSIONS Prostate cancer perceptions may be an important target for enhancing emotional well-being , particularly for men experiencing general life stress . However , interventions that explicitly target mental representations of cancer may be needed to modify perceptions of the disease The effect of an informational intervention that provided objective descriptions , in concrete terms , of the usual experiences during the various phases of radiation therapy was tested in a r and om clinical trial . The patients had Stage A , B , or C prostatic cancer . Forty‐two control patients received the information routinely provided to all patients in the treatment setting . Forty‐two experimental patients received , in addition , four informational messages during the course of radiation therapy . The first message described the experience of treatment planning ; the second described the experience of receiving a radiation treatment ; the third described side effects that usually occur , their onset , their characteristics , and activities to lessen their impact ; and the fourth described the usual experiences during the months following radiation treatments . The experimental group of patients , compared with those in the control group , reported significantly less disruption in usual activities during and following radiation therapy . The amount of emotional disturbance was low and did not differ by study group . The results of this study , with respect to the interventions ' effect on radiation therapy patients ' quality of life , were consistent with prior research in other health care situations BACKGROUND Active for Life After Cancer is a r and omized trial evaluating the efficacy of a 6-month group-based lifestyle physical activity program ( Lifestyle ) for prostate cancer patients to improve quality of life ( QOL ) including physical and emotional functioning compared to a group-based Educational Support Program and a St and ard Care Program ( no group ) . METHOD A total of 134 prostate cancer patients receiving continuous and rogen-ablation were r and omly assigned to one of the three study conditions . RESULTS Results indicated no significant improvements in QOL at 6 or 12 months . Both group-based programs were positively received and yielded good attendance and retention . Lifestyle participants demonstrated significant improvements in most theoretical mediators proposed by the Transtheoretical Model and Social Cognitive Theory to affect physical activity . Despite these improvements , no significant changes were found for most physical activity measures . CONCLUSIONS Results suggest a lifestyle program focusing on cognitive-behavioral skills training alone is insufficient for promoting routine physical activity in these patients The authors examined whether 3 individual difference variables -- self-esteem , self-efficacy , and depressive symptoms -- interacted with psychoeducational group interventions for men with prostate cancer ( n = 250 ) to predict general and prostate-specific quality of life . Men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer were r and omly assigned to an education intervention , an education plus group discussion intervention , or usual care and followed for 12 months . Eight groups of 10 to 12 men were convened in each condition . Men who began the study with lower self-esteem , lower prostate-specific self-efficacy , and higher depressive symptoms benefited the most from the interventions . Of these 3 moderator variables , the most consistent results emerged for self-esteem . That is , the benefits of the intervention were strongest for men with low self-esteem The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of  psychosocial rehabilitation  on newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients . The “ Between Men ” programme consisted of seven weekly sessions of physical training ( Phys ) alone , information ( Info ) alone or physical training plus information ( PhysInfo ) .  After diagnoses , patients ( n = 211 ) were consecutively included , stratified and r and omised to one of four groups : Phys , Info , PhysInfo or st and ard care control ( C ) . A nurse specialised in urology , an urologist and a physiotherapist performed the interventions . Patients were followed up during one year with mailed st and ardised question naires . It could not be assumed that the “ Between Men ” programme had any effect on patients ’ anxiety and depression ( HADS ) . Health-related quality of life ( HRQOL ) was associated with stage of disease but not with psychosocial intervention . Thus , Physical Function ( PF ) , Role Function ( RF ) and Fatigue ( FA ) were inferior among patients with , than without , metastases of prostate cancer both at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up . This r and omized study did not demonstrate any significant effect of psychosocial rehabilitation  among prostate cancer patients . Considering the low rate ( 1/2 ) , of included/eligible patients a less complicated design ( intervention versus control ) would have been preferred in order to increase power Few intervention studies have been conducted to help couples manage the effects of prostate cancer and maintain their quality of life . The objective of this study was to determine whether a family‐based intervention could improve appraisal variables ( appraisal of illness or caregiving , uncertainty , hopelessness ) , coping re sources ( coping strategies , self‐efficacy , communication ) , symptom distress , and quality of life in men with prostate cancer and their spouses Background The effectiveness of psycho-educational interventions for cancer patients is well documented , but less is known about moderating characteristics that determine which subgroups of patients are most likely to benefit . Objectives The aim of this study was to determine whether certain individual characteristics of African-American and White men with localized prostate cancer moderated the effects of a psycho-educational Uncertainty Management Intervention on the outcomes of cancer knowledge and patient-provider communication . Methods Men were blocked by ethnicity and r and omly assigned to one of three conditions : Uncertainty Management Intervention provided to the patient only , Uncertainty Management Intervention supplemented by delivery to the patient and family member , or usual care . The individual characteristics explored were education , sources for information , and intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity . Results Using repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance , findings indicated that there were no significant moderator effects for intrinsic religiosity on any of the outcomes . Lower level of education was a significant moderator for improvement in cancer knowledge . For the outcome of patient-provider communication , fewer sources for cancer information was a significant moderator for the amount told the patient by the nurse and other staff . Less extrinsic religiosity was a significant moderator for three areas of patient provider communication . The three areas are the amount ( a ) the physician tells the patient ; ( b ) the patient helps with planning treatment ; and ( c ) the patient tells the physician . Conclusions Testing for moderator effects provides important information regarding beneficiaries of interventions . In the current study , men ’s levels of education , amount of sources for information , and extrinsic religiosity influenced the efficacy of the Uncertainty Management Intervention on important outcomes PURPOSE This study assessed the short-term and long-term efficacy of a presurgical stress management intervention at reducing mood disturbance and improving quality of life ( QOL ) in men undergoing radical prostatectomy ( RP ) for prostate cancer . PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred fifty-nine men were r and omly assigned to a two-session ( plus two boosters ) presurgical stress management intervention ( SM ) , a two-session ( plus two boosters ) supportive attention group ( SA ) , or a st and ard care group ( SC ) . Assessment s occurred 1 month before surgery ; 1 week before surgery ; the morning of surgery ; 6 weeks after surgery , and 6 and 12 months after surgery . Results Results indicated significant group differences in mood disturbance before surgery ( P = .02 ) , such that men in the SM group had significantly less mood disturbance than men in the SC group ( P = .006 ) , with no significant differences between the SM and SA or SA and SC groups . In the year after surgery , there were significant group differences on Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short form survey ( SF-36 ) physical component summary ( PCS ) scores ( P = .004 ) ; men in the SM group had significantly higher PCS scores than men in the SC group ( P = .0009 ) , and there were no significant differences between the SM and SA or SA and SC groups . There were no group effects on prostate-specific QOL or SF-36 mental health scores . CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate the efficacy of a brief presurgical stress management intervention in improving some short-term and long-term outcomes . If these results are replicated , it may be a useful adjunct to st and ard care for men with prostate cancer undergoing surgery PURPOSE / OBJECTIVES To evaluate the feasibility of an intervention of telephone social support and education to increase the physical , emotional , functional , and interpersonal adaptation of men to prostate cancer . DESIGN Prospect i ve , r and om assignment to experimental or control treatments . SETTING Urban New Jersey . SAMPLE 17 men diagnosed with prostate cancer within four weeks of study entry . Mean age was 66 years ( range = 51 - 78 ) ; 59 % were Caucasian , 35 % were African American , and 6 % were American Indian . METHODS Subjects in the experimental group received telephone social support over a 12-month period in addition to education via mailed re source kits . The control group received education through mailed re source kits only . The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale-General Physical , Emotional , Functional , and Social/Family Well-Being subscales ; Symptom Experience Scale-Prostate ; and the Relationship Change Scale were administered initially and at the end of each of the three phases ; the International Index of Erectile Function Scale was administered at the end of each of the three phases . Qualitative information was gathered throughout and at the conclusion of the study . MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Physiologic , emotional , functional , and social adaptation to prostate cancer . FINDINGS Results were somewhat more favorable for the experimental group on all outcome measures ; however , differences were not statistically significant . Structured interviews with 14 of 17 subjects revealed that  telephone social support and education  were effective in increasing adaptation to prostate cancer . CONCLUSIONS Despite the lack of a significant difference between the experimental and treatment groups in this small sample of men , analysis of trends and interview feedback indicated that telephone social support , in addition to education through a mailed re source kit , has the potential to be beneficial by increasing access to supportive services . IMPLICATION S FOR NURSING Telephone social support when supplementing patient education may assist men in adapting during the year following a prostate cancer diagnosis Objective : To assess whether stress management ( SM ) improved immune outcomes in men undergoing surgery for prostate cancer . Methods : A total of 159 men were assigned r and omly to a two-session presurgical SM intervention , a two-session supportive attention ( SA ) group , or a st and ard care ( SC ) group . Men in the SM group discussed their concerns about the upcoming surgery and were taught diaphragmatic breathing , guided imagery ; they had an imaginal exposure to the day of surgery and learned adaptive coping skills . Men in the SA group discussed their concerns about the upcoming surgery and had a semistructured medical interview .  Blood sample s were collected at baseline ( 1 month before surgery ) and 48 hours after surgery . Measures of mood ( Profile of Mood States ) were collected at baseline , 1 week pre surgery , and the morning of surgery . Results : Men in the SM group had significantly higher levels of natural killer cell cytotoxicity ( p = .04 ) and higher levels of circulating proinflammatory cytokines ( interleukin [IL]-12p70 , p = .02 ; IL-1&bgr ; , p = .02 ; tumor necrosis factor-&agr ; , p = .05 ) 48 hours post surgery than men in the SA group and higher levels of natural killer cell cytotoxicity ( p = 0.02 ) and IL-1&bgr ; ( p = .05 ) than men in the SC group . Immune parameters increased for the SM group and decreased or stayed the same for the SA and SC groups . The SM group had significantly lower Profile of Mood States scores than the SC group ( p = .006 ) , with no other group differences between SA and SC groups . Changes in mood were not associated with immune outcomes . Conclusions : The finding that SM leads to decreased presurgical mood-disturbance and increased immune parameters after surgery reveals the potential psychological and biological benefits of presurgical SM . IL = interleukin ; TNF = tumor necrosis factor ; NKCC = natural killer cell cytotoxicity ; SM = stress management ; SA = supportive attention ; SC = st and ard care ; PSA = prostate-specific antigen ; POMS = Profile of Mood States ; P BMC s = peripheral blood mononuclear cells The objective of the study is to compare consumer aspects of an informative , a physical , and a combined informative and physical rehabilitation program included in the " Between men " project for newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients . A consecutive series of patients was r and omized . Programs were especially developed for prostate cancer patients . The format was 7 weekly sessions . The results show that the perceived benefits of relaxation was greater in the combination group than in the physical training group only . In comparison with the physical group more patients in the informative groups ( information and information+physical training ) rated the knowledge received as very important . The majority of patients ( 90 % ) was of the opinion that the " Between men " programs , should be continued . Independent of the actual program given , patients opted for the combination program or information alone but not the physical training alone program BACKGROUND We aim ed to determine if specialist journals implement specific Consoli date d St and ards for Reporting Trials ( CONSORT ) recommendations to the same extent as general medical journals . METHODS Analysis of r and om controlled trials ( RCTs ) in five general medical journals ( n=100 ) and 10 specialist journals ( n=100 ) , all endorsing CONSORT . We evaluated the likelihood of reporting important method ologic criteria . Analyses controlled for the nested effect of journal within each journal type . RESULTS General medical journals published , on average , more CONSORT items per RCT than specialist journals ( 7.9 [ SD 1.8 ] vs. 6.5 [ SD 2.2 ] out of 11 possible items , P=.02 ) . When compared with specialist journals , RCTs in general medical journals published a participant flow diagram more frequently ( 83 vs. 42 % , odds ratio [ OR ] 6.7 , 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] 3.4 - 12.9 ) and more likely to report the method of r and omization ( 78 vs. 55 % , OR 2.9 , 95 % CI 1.5 - 5.3 ) and allocation concealment ( 48 vs. 26 % , OR 2.6 , 95 % CI 1.4 - 4.7 ) ; they were less likely to publish RCTs reporting adverse events ( 58 vs. 78 % , OR 0.3 , 95 % CI 0.2 - 0.7 ) . Both page length and impact factor were weakly associated with number of CONSORT items reported . CONCLUSION General medical and specialist journals that endorse CONSORT do not enforce reporting issues consistently , with specialty journals lagging behind general medical journals OBJECTIVE Treatment for localized prostate carcinoma ( PCa ) is frequently associated with decrements in sexual functioning and satisfaction . Given the highly interpersonal nature of these decrements , interpersonal problems ( such as interpersonal sensitivity ) may affect recovery of sexual functioning after PCa treatment through interference with physician and partner communication and through distorted cognitions surrounding sexual dysfunction . The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of interpersonal sensitivity on several treatment indicators , including response to a group-based psychosocial intervention . METHODS Participants were 101 older men recovering from radical prostatectomy who were enrolled in a r and omized controlled trial of a 10-week group-based cognitive-behavioral stress management ( CBSM ) intervention . Measures included the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems and the sexual functioning subscale of the University of California-Los Angeles quality -of-life measure . RESULTS At baseline , interpersonal sensitivity was related to a belief linking sexual dysfunction to core male identity ( r=.29 , P<.05 ) . Using hierarchical regression , we found that ( a ) the CBSM intervention was effective in promoting sexual recovery in all participants , and ( b ) this effect was moderated by interpersonal sensitivity , such that individuals with higher levels of interpersonal sensitivity made larger improvements in sexual functioning in response to CBSM . CONCLUSIONS CBSM was effective in improving sexual function after radical prostatectomy . Individuals with higher levels of interpersonal sensitivity were more likely to perceive sexual dysfunction as a threat to masculine identity and made larger gains in the CBSM intervention . Results and relevance to the older male cancer patients are discussed from the perspective of interpersonal theory Prostate cancer patients receiving and rogen ablation therapy  experience significant physical and psychological sequelae associated with their disease and treatment . Because physical activity improves physical and psychological well-being , a lifestyle physical activity intervention may help slow or reverse the associated decline in quality of life ( QOL ) . No studies have evaluated an intervention to improve multiple QOL domains in patients receiving and rogen ablation therapy . Active for Life After Cancer is a three-group r and omized controlled trial design ed to evaluate the effectiveness of a lifestyle physical activity intervention ( Lifestyle Program ) in improving QOL . The Lifestyle Program , a 6-month behavioral skills training group , is compared to an Educational Support Program and St and ard Care . The purpose of this paper is to describe the design of the r and omized trial and present baseline data that will characterize the QOL of the sample . Challenges to recruitment for the trial also will be presented and discussed Watchful waiting is a reasonable alternative to treatment for some older men with localized prostate cancer , but it inevitably brings uncertainty . This study tested the effectiveness of the watchful waiting intervention ( WWI ) in helping men cognitively reframe and manage the uncertainty of watchful waiting . Based on Mishel 's Reconceptualized Uncertainty in Illness Theory ( Image . 1990 ; 256–262 ) , the WWI was tested with a convenience sample of 41 men . Experimental subjects received 5 weekly intervention calls from a nurse . Control subjects received usual care . Outcomes were new view of life , mood state , quality of life , and cognitive reframing . Repeated measures of analysis of variance were used to test the effectiveness of the WWI . The sample was 86 % Caucasian and 14 % African American , with an average age of 75.4 years . Intervention subjects were significantly more likely than controls to view their lives in a new light ( P = .02 ) and experience a decrease in confusion ( P = .04 ) following the intervention . Additionally , intervention subjects reported greater improvement in their quality of life than did controls ( P = .01 ) and believed their quality of life in the future would be better than did controls ( P = .01 ) . This study 's findings document the benefits of the WWI for patients living with uncertainty Men who were recently treated for prostate cancer ( N=250 ) were r and omly assigned to a control group , a group education intervention ( GE ) , or a group education-plus- discussion intervention ( GED ) . Both GE and GED  increased prostate cancer knowledge . In the year postintervention , men in the GED condition were less bothered by sexual problems than men in the control condition , and they were more likely to remain steadily employed ( 93.0 % ) than men in the GE ( 75.6 % ) or control ( 72.5 % ) conditions . Among noncollege graduates , GED and GE result ed in better physical functioning than the control condition , and GED result ed in more positive health behaviors than the control or GE condition . Among college graduates , controls were comparable with the GE and GED groups in physical functioning and positive health behaviors PURPOSE And rogen Deprivation Therapy ( ADT ) for prostate cancer is associated with many treatment side effects that tend to erode couples ' intimacy . We piloted a r and omized controlled trial to investigate the effect of an educational intervention design ed to preserve couples ' intimacy in the face of ADT . METHODS Couples were recruited at the time the patient was first prescribed ADT and were r and omized to a treatment or control group . Those in the treatment group were asked to read an educational guide and participate in an educational session design ed to inform couples about possible ADT side effects and management strategies . To assess changes in the couples ' relationships , they were administered the Dyadic Adjustment Scale and the Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships question naire prior to r and omization and again at 6 months . RESULTS While results were not statistically significant , trends and effect sizes suggest that the educational intervention helped attenuate declines in intimacy for patients , but not for their partners . Couples who participated in the intervention were more successful at maintaining sexual activity than were couples in the control group . CONCLUSIONS ADT places considerable strain on intimate relationships , particularly for the partners . It appears that patients who receive help in anticipating and managing ADT related changes report better dyadic adjustment and closer intimacy . More efforts are needed to develop interventions to benefit patients ' partners . We conclude that the intervention holds promise and that a full-scale evaluation of the intervention is both feasible and warranted The current study evaluated the efficacy of a 10‐week , group‐based , cognitive‐behavioral stress management ( CBSM ) intervention relative to a half‐day seminar in improving quality of life ( QoL ) among men who were treated for localized prostate carcinoma ( PC ) with either radical prostatectomy ( RP ) or radiation therapy INTRODUCTION Few couple-focused interventions have been developed to improve distress and relationship outcomes among men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer and their partners . AIMS We examined the effects of a five-session Intimacy-Enhancing Therapy ( IET ) vs. Usual Care ( UC ) on the psychological and relationship functioning of men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer and their partners . Pre-intervention levels of psychological and relationship functioning were evaluated as moderators of intervention effects . METHODS Seventy-one survivors and their partners completed a baseline survey and were subsequently r and omly assigned to receive five sessions of IET or UC ( no treatment ) . Eight weeks after the baseline assessment , a follow-up survey was administered to survivor and partner . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Distress , well-being , relationship satisfaction , relationship intimacy , and communication were investigated as the main outcomes . RESULTS IET effects were largely moderated by pre-intervention psychosocial and relationship factors . Those survivors who had higher levels of cancer concerns at pretreatment had significantly reduced concerns following IET . Similar moderating effects for pre-intervention levels were reported for the effects of IET on self-disclosure , perceived partner disclosure , and perceived partner responsiveness . Among partners beginning the intervention with higher cancer-specific distress , lower marital satisfaction , lower intimacy , and poorer communication , IET improved these outcomes . CONCLUSIONS IET had a marginally significant main effect upon survivor well-being but was effective among couples with fewer personal and relationship re sources . Subsequent research is needed to replicate these findings with a larger sample and a longer follow-up Treatments for clinical ly localized prostate carcinoma are accompanied by sexual , urinary , and bowel dysfunction and other sequelae that can result in significant distress and reduced well being . Methods capable of improving quality of life are needed that can be integrated into clinical practice . To address this need , a nurse‐driven , cancer care intervention was developed and tested AIM OF THE STUDY To test the effects of music intervention on pre-operative anxiety in Chinese males undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate . RATIONALE No studies have measured the effects of music intervention in reducing pre-operative anxiety for patients with transurethral resection of the prostate ( TURP ) . Previous studies have examined the effects of music on pre-operative anxiety but have not examined the possible effects of the presence of a carer as an independent variable in pre-operative anxiety levels of patients in addition to the music intervention . The cultural validity of applying a music intervention to the reduction of pre-operative anxiety was also investigated . DESIGN A quasi-experimental design with three groups : music intervention , nurse presence and control group . METHOD Thirty patients having TURP were r and omly assigned ( n = 10 each group ) to one of the three groups . Pre- and post-test measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure , heart rate and state anxiety using the Chinese State-Trait Anxiety Inventory ( C-STAI ) were obtained for the three groups . RESULTS The findings showed that the music intervention significantly reduced all blood pressure levels for the patients . A reduction in state anxiety level was also found for the music intervention group . No significant reductions in blood pressure , heart rate and state anxiety level were found in the nurse presence and control groups . CONCLUSION The results support the cross-cultural validity of using a music intervention in pre-operative anxiety reduction , in this case for TURP patients waiting in the theatre holding area
Men with prostate cancer are likely to have a long illness and experience psychological distress for which supportive care may be helpful .
This systematic review describes the evidence for effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of supportive care for men with prostate cancer , taking into account treatment pathway and components of interventions .