Forewarned is forearmed--benefits of preparatory information on video cassette for patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy--a randomised controlled trial. Effectiveness of an Intervention Supporting Shared Decision Making for Destination Therapy Left Ventricular Assist Device Video assisted patient education improves compliance with follow up and depression scores in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Randomized study of the effect of video education on heart failure healthcare utilization, symptoms, and self-care behaviors. Effectiveness of antismoking public service announcements on children's intent to smoke. Evaluation of a DVD-based self-help program in highly socially anxious individuals--pilot study. Impact of Videotaped Information on Frequency and Confidence of Breast Self-Examination Development of a Storytelling Video Self-Help Intervention Based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Major Depression: Open Trial Results An Investigation of Smoking Cessation Video Content on YouTube Comparing narrative and informational videos to increase mammography in low-income African American women. African American Veterans Storytelling: A Multisite Randomized Trial to Improve Hypertension Increasing Use of the Female Condom through Video Instruction Cost-effectiveness of a brief video-based HIV intervention for African American and Latino sexually transmitted disease clinic clients
A series of UK and European audits have revealed that a high proportion of patients remain dissatisfied with the information they received following a diagnosis of cancer . Additional educational aids are often required to facilitate the consent process , and our previous work showed a high level of acceptability for video-directed information for this purpose . In this study a multidisciplinary team of health professionals worked with patients , a documentary film company and experienced television personalities to produce an information film . The aim of this study was to assess the benefits of receiving a cassette to take home following the first consultation and this was evaluated in a r and omised multicentre controlled study among 220 patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy over a 6-month period . There was a significant correlation between satisfaction and reduced treatment-related anxiety overall . In the video group , the mean Hospital Anxiety and Depression ( HAD ) anxiety score was significantly lower during treatment compared with the non-video group ( 4.6+/-3.7 ( range : 0 - 18 ) versus 7.4+/-5.2 ( range : 0 - 20 ) , Chi square test P=0.001 ) . Likewise , the mean HAD depression scores were also significantly lower in the patients prepared for the side-effects of treatment with the video ( 2.9+/-2.9 ( range : 0 - 13 ) versus 5.3+/-4.7 ( range : 0 - 21 ) Chi square test P=0.001 ) . 81 % felt the video was helpful , only 5 % of patients felt this extra information was worrying . Well design ed video cassettes should be regarded as a useful additional information strategy , within routine oncology practice Importance Shared decision making helps patients and clinicians elect therapies aligned with patients ’ values and preferences . This is particularly important for invasive therapies with considerable trade-offs . Objective To assess the effectiveness of a shared decision support intervention for patients considering destination therapy left ventricular assist device ( DT LVAD ) placement . Design , Setting , and Participants From 2015 to 2017 , a r and omized , stepped-wedge trial was conducted in 6 US LVAD implanting centers including 248 patients being considered for DT LVAD . After r and omly varying time in usual care , sites were transitioned to an intervention consisting of clinician education and use of DT LVAD pamphlet and video patient decision aids . Follow up occurred at 1 and 6 months . Main Outcomes and Measures Decision quality as measured by knowledge and values-choice concordance . Results In total , 135 patients were enrolled during control and 113 during intervention periods . At enrollment , 59 ( 23.8 % ) participants were in intensive care , 60 ( 24.1 % ) were older than 70 years , 39 ( 15.7 % ) were women , 45 ( 18.1 % ) were racial/ethnic minorities , and 62 ( 25.0 % ) were college graduates  . Patient knowledge ( mean test performance ) during the decision-making period improved from 59.5 % to 64.9 % in the control group vs 59.1 % to 70.0 % in the intervention group ( adjusted difference of difference , 5.5 % ; P = .03 ) . Stated values at 1 month ( scale 1 = “ do everything I can to live longer … ” to 10 = “ live with whatever time I have left … ” ) were a mean of 2.37 in control and 3.33 in intervention ( P = .03 ) . Patient-reported treatment choice at 1 month favored LVAD more in the control group ( than in the intervention group ( 47 [ 59.5 % ] vs 95 [ 91.3 % ] , P < .001 ) . Correlation between stated values and patient-reported treatment choice at 1 month was stronger in the intervention group than in the control group ( difference in Kendall ’s & tgr ; , 0.28 ; 95 % CI , 0.05 - 0.45 ) ; however , there was no improved correlation between stated values and actual treatment received by 6 months for the intervention compared with the control group ( difference in Kendall ’s & tgr ; , 0.01 ; 95 % CI , −0.24 to 0.25 ) . The adjusted rate of LVAD implantation by 6 months was higher for those in the control group ( 79.9 % ) than those in the intervention group ( 53.9 % , P = .008 ) , with significant variation by site . There were no differences in decision conflict , decision regret , or preferred control . Conclusions and Relevance A shared decision-making intervention for DT LVAD modestly improved patient decision quality as measured by patient knowledge and concordance between stated values and patient-reported treatment choice , but did not improve concordance between stated values and actual treatment received . The rate of implantation of LVADs was substantially lower in the intervention compared with the control group . Trial Registration clinical trials.gov Identifier : ABSTRACT Objectives : Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases ( IBD ) have to deal with a poor quality of life ( QOL ) and psychomorbidity result ing from an incurable illness . We aim ed to study the effect of patient education on QOL , compliance , anxiety and depression in IBD . Methods : Patients were prospect ively enrolled over two years beginning July 2014 and divided into an interventional and usual care group . Both received the st and ard of care , but the former in addition received an 8 min session of video-assisted education . Compliance to drugs was defined as drug intake of > 80 % of the prescribed dose , and adherence to scheduled follow up visits were also compared . Self-administered question naires namely Short IBD question naire ( SIBDQ ) , Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory ( BAI , BDI-II ) , Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ( HADS ) were used to assess QOL , anxiety and depression respectively at baseline , 6 months and 1 year . Results : Of the 91 patients enrolled , 84 [ 92.3 % ; male = 66 ( 78.57 % ) ] completed the follow up . Significantly more patients were compliant to follow up visits in the intervention and usual care groups respectively at 6 months ( 88.4 % versus 65.8 % respectively ; p < 0.01 ) and 1 year ( 72.1 % versus 46.3 % respectively ; p < 0.01 ) . The median ( IQR ) scores for HADS-Depression over 1 year were significantly better in the interventional group than usual care ( p < 0.049 ) . The differences in SIBDQ , BDI-II , BAI , HADS-Anxiety and compliance to drug therapy between the groups did not reach statistical significance . Conclusion : Video assisted patient education  improved compliance to follow up visits and depression scores in IBD . Further modifications in the educational video content and delivery might improve compliance to drug therapy , QOL and anxiety scores OBJECTIVE Adherence to self-care behaviors improves heart failure ( HF )  morbidity and life quality . We examined short-term impact of video education ( VE ) in addition to st and ard education ( SE ) on HF healthcare utilization and self-care behavior adherence . METHODS One hundred and twelve hospitalized patients were r and omly assigned to SE ( n=53 ) or SE plus VE ( n=59 ) . Differences between groups were analyzed in patients who underwent 3-month follow-up ( 39 SE and 37 VE patients ) . Mean age was 60+/-14 years ; mean HF length was 57 months . RESULTS Three-month healthcare utilization was similar between groups but VE patients needed less extra diuretic dosing ( P<0.02 ) , received more HF literature ( P<0.03 ) , and had less healthcare team telephone communication ( P<0.04 ) . VE patients had greater sign/symptom reduction ( P<0.04 ) ; especially related to edema ( P<0.01 ) and fatigue ( P<0.01 ) and initiated more actions for edema ( P<0.05 ) and dyspnea ( with exercise or rest , both P<0.01 ) . Overall , VE patients had a higher mean self-care behavior score ( P<0.01 ) , reflecting greater self-care adherence . CONCLUSION Video education prompts self-care behavior adherence to control worsening signs/symptoms of volume overload . During 3-month follow-up , utilization of most healthcare re sources was unchanged . PRACTICE IMPLICATION S VE is a useful adjunct to in-person education The authors r and omly assigned 5th- and 8th- grade students to 1 of 3 treatment conditions to study the effects of frequency of exposure to an antismoking public service announcement ( PSA ) on the students ' intent to smoke over time . They found that , among younger children only , viewing an antismoking PSA at least once reduced smoking intentions , although these positive effects did not remain over time . However , the antismoking PSA was effective for younger at-risk children . After younger at-risk children viewed the antismoking PSA once , their intent to smoke decreased significantly . Notably , these positive effects remained stable over time and mirrored the smoking intentions of younger children who were not identified as at risk High social anxiety is a risk factor for the incidence of social anxiety disorder ( SAD ) . Early diagnosis and intervention may prevent more severe psychiatric courses . Self-help programs may be a convenient , accessible , and effective intervention . This study examined the efficacy of a newly developed self-help program for SAD in individuals with subthreshold social anxiety . A total of 24 highly socially anxious individuals were r and omly assigned to a DVD-based self-help program or to a wait-list control group . The self-help program is based on the cognitive model according to Clark and Wells ( 1995 ; adapted to German by Stangier , Clark , & Ehlers , 2006 ) and comprises eight sessions . ANOVAs based on an intention-to-treat model were used for data analyses . The self-help program was well accepted ; just one person withdrew during the intervention . There were significant Time × Group interactions on all primary outcome measures . For the intervention group moderate to high within-groups effect sizes up to Cohen 's d = 1.05 were obtained . Between-groups effect sizes ranged from 0.24 to 0.65 in favor of the active intervention . The newly developed DVD-based self-help program seems to be a promising intervention for  highly socially anxious individuals as it reduces social anxiety symptoms Abstract Background Videotaped education material s to teach breast self-examination ( BSE ) are used worldwide . However , evaluation of videotaped BSE instructions is lacking . Methods Premenopausal women ( mean age 33.4 ± 11.2 years ) without history of breast cancer were approached to participate in this experimental study and r and omly assigned to a video intervention group ( VG ; n = 130 ; length of the video = 15 min ) or non-video comparison group ( NVG ; n = 121 ) . All participants answered a question naire on BSE behavior and health beliefs . No additional training was given . The total duration of the session including completion of the question naire was 15 min for the NVG and 30 min for the VG . Three months later , changes in BSE behavior were compared in the two groups . The influence of health beliefs on actual BSE behavior was investigated as well . Results Women of both the VG and NVG performed BSE significantly more frequently at follow-up than at baseline . Analysis of covariance , using the baseline BSE-frequency as co-variate and the follow-up BSE frequency as the dependent variable , revealed that women in the VG ( adjusted mean = 7.9 times per year , 95%CI = 6.5–9.4 ) performed BSE more frequently than women of the NVG ( adjusted mean = 6.1 times per year , 95%CI = 4.6–7.5 ) ( F = 4.2 , df = 2 , p = 0.02 ) . Among motivational predictors , having an example of a role model ( modeling ) was shown by regression analysis to explain the greatest amount of variance ( 13 % ) in BSE frequency . Conclusion Use of an educational videotape  increased the frequency of BSE among premenopausal women This study involved the initial development and testing of a video self-help intervention called LifeStories , which features real patients describing their use of coping strategies for depression based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy . We conducted a baseline-controlled open trial ( AB design ) of 11 individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder . Participants reported high levels of satisfaction and transportation ( i.e. , engagement ) after watching LifeStories . No significant changes were observed during the 4-week baseline period in terms of interviewer-rated depression severity ( primary outcome ) , but a significant and large effect size improvement was observed at Week 8 postintervention . The majority of participants ( 54.5 % ) showed a reliable and clinical ly significant posttreatment response . Significant improvements also were observed during the intervention period only for self-reported depressive symptoms and aspects of mindfulness ( nonreactivity ) . Qualitative data analysis of participant interviews identified additional areas for improvement and refinement . Future testing in a r and omized trial is warranted based on these encouraging results This study examines smoking cessation content posted on youtube.com . The search terms “ quit smoking ” and “ stop smoking ” yielded 2,250 videos in October 2007 . We examined the top 100 as well as 20 r and omly selected videos . Of these , 82 were directly relevant to smoking cessation . Fifty-one were commercial productions that included antismoking messages and advertisements for hypnosis and NicoBloc fluid . Thirty-one were personally produced videos that described personal experiences with quitting , negative health effects , and advice on how to quit . Although smoking cessation content is being shared on YouTube , very little is based on strategies that have been shown to be effective OBJECTIVE Compare effects of narrative and informational videos on use of mammography , cancer-related beliefs , recall of core content and a range of reactions to the videos . METHOD African American women ( n=489 ) ages 40 and older were recruited from low-income neighborhoods in St. Louis , MO and r and omly assigned to watch a narrative video comprised of stories from African American breast cancer survivors ( Living Proof ) or a content-equivalent informational video using a more expository and didactic approach ( Facts for Life ) . Effects were measured immediately post-exposure and at 3- and 6-month follow-up . RESULTS The narrative video was better liked , enhanced recall , reduced counterarguing , increased breast cancer discussion s with family members and was perceived as more novel . Women who watched the narrative video also reported fewer barriers to mammography , more confidence that mammograms work , and were more likely to perceive cancer as an important problem affecting African Americans .  Use of mammography at 6-month follow-up did not differ for the narrative vs. informational groups overall ( 49 % vs. 40 % , p=.20 ) , but did among women with less than a high school education ( 65 % vs. 32 % , p<.01 ) , and trended in the same direction for those who had no close friends or family with breast cancer ( 49 % vs. 31 % , p=.06 ) and those who were less trusting of traditional cancer information sources ( 48 % vs. 30 % , p=.06 ) . CONCLUSIONS Narrative forms of communication may increase the effectiveness of interventions to reduce cancer health disparities . PRACTICE IMPLICATION S Narratives appear to have particular value in certain population sub-groups ; identifying these groups and matching them to specific communication approaches may increase effectiveness Background : Disparities in hypertension control persist for African American Veterans . Objective : To enhance cultural relevance of hypertension control self-management education , in a multisite , stratified r and omized trial , we tested an interactive Veteran-to-Veteran storytelling digital video disk ( DVD ) intervention created with Veteran partners , versus an education-only DVD comparison . Methods : At 3 VA facilities , African American Veterans with uncontrolled hypertension were r and omized to storytelling DVD intervention or didactic comparison DVD and followed for 6 months . We hypothesized that follow-up blood pressure ( BP ) would be lower among Veterans in the intervention group . Results : African American Veterans ( N=619 ) were 92 % male , 39 % over age 65 , most had a high-school education , over 50 % of both the intervention and comparison group reported a household income of < $ 20,000 , and 40 % had less than adequate health literacy . At baseline , mean intervention and comparison group BPs were 138/80 and 139/81 mm Hg , respectively ; at 6 months , mean systolic BP ( SBP ) increased by 0.1 in the intervention group and by 1.9 for the comparison group ; diastolic BP fell by 0.1 in the intervention group and rose by 0.2 in the comparison group . No differences between the intervention and control groups were statistically significant ( all P>0.3 ) . Site differences were large ; at one , the intervention group improved while the comparison groups deteriorated , result ing in 6.3 and 3.9 mm Hg more improvement for the intervention group in SBP and diastolic BP ( P=0.06 and 0.04 ) , respectively ; at the other 2 sites , there were positive and negative changes , all small , in the 2 measures , with minimal differences — one site favored the comparison group and the other , the intervention ( these comparisons did not approach statistical significance ( all P>0.20 ) . In a secondary analysis stratified by baseline BP , there was no intervention effect among those with uncontrolled BP , but intervention patients who were in control at baseline were more likely to stay in control , compared with comparison [ SBP increase by 6.3 mm Hg ( SD=14.4 ) among intervention , and by 10.9 mm Hg ( SD=16.9 ) in comparison , P=0.02 ] . Conclusions : In this multisite trial , we did not find a significant overall storytelling intervention effect ( Clinical trials.gov Reg . # NCT01276197 ) The female condom is effective in preventing sexually transmitted diseases and when used properly reduces risk of HIV infection among women . This field experiment evaluated the effect of a video presentation on reported use of and satisfaction with the female condom .  Participants were 100 women tested for HIV infection in a community agency . Ages ranged from 17 to 62 years , and one fifth of the sample were African American or Hispanic . The 23 women who viewed an instructional video were significantly more likely than 13 of the control group of 50 to try the condom and report to the research er . Video viewing was unrelated to liking the product and future intent to use . Almost three quarters of those who used the condoms reported they liked and would use them Background and objectives Decisions about the dissemination of HIV interventions need to be informed by evidence of their cost-effectiveness in reducing negative health outcomes . Having previously shown the effectiveness of a single-session video-based group intervention ( VOICES/VOCES ) in reducing incidence of sexually transmitted diseases ( STD ) among male African American and Latino clients attending an urban STD clinic , this study estimates its cost-effectiveness in terms of disease averted . Methods Cost-effectiveness was calculated using data on effectiveness from a r and omized clinical trial of the VOICES/VOCES intervention along with up date d data on the costs of intervention from four replication sites . STD incidence and self-reported behavioral data were used to make estimates of reduction in HIV incidence among study participants . Results The average annual cost to provide the intervention to 10 000 STD clinic clients was estimated to be US$ 447 005 , with a cost per client of US$ 43.30 . This expenditure would result in an average of 27.69 HIV infections averted , with an average savings from averted medical costs of US$ 5 544 408 . The number of quality adjusted life years saved averaged 387.61 , with a cost per HIV infection averted of US$ 21 486 . Conclusions This brief behavioral intervention was found to be feasible and cost-saving when targeted to male STD clinic clients at high risk of contracting and transmitting infections , indicating that this strategy should be considered for inclusion in HIV prevention programming
Background .
The use of videos for patient and public health education has been widely adopted and well documented in the literature .
To conduct a systematic review of empirical studies that used video-based interventions for cancer prevention and control to document study design s , setting s , approaches , targeted cancer sites and behaviors , and outcomes and to identify gaps in research and practice .