Healing of human extraction sockets filled with Bio-Oss. Platelet-rich plasma may prevent titanium-mesh exposure in alveolar ridge augmentation with anorganic bovine bone. Histologic findings in sinus augmentation with autogenous bone chips versus a bovine bone substitute. The use of titanium mesh in conjunction with autogenous bone graft and inorganic bovine bone mineral (bio-oss) for localized alveolar ridge augmentation: a human study. Vertical ridge augmentation using a membrane technique associated with osseointegrated implants. Alveolar ridge augmentation with titanium mesh and a combination of autogenous bone and anorganic bovine bone: a 2-year prospective study. Clinical and histological results in alveolar ridge enlargement using coralline calcium carbonate.
The aim of this study was to investigate the healing of human extraction sockets filled with Bio-Oss particles ( Geistlich Pharma AG , Wolhusen , Switzerl and ) . In 21 subjects , providing a total of 31 healing sites , at least one tooth was scheduled for extraction and the extraction sites for implant therapy . The dimensions of the alveolar ridge at the extraction sites were considered insufficient and required augmentation concomitant with tooth extraction . There were three treatment groups . In group A , the extraction sockets were covered with a Bio-Gide membrane ( Geistlich Pharma AG ) and in group B the extraction sockets were filled with Bio-Oss . The extraction sockets in group C were left to heal spontaneously . Biopsies from the extraction sites were collected at the time of implant installation . Sample s from group A showed large amounts of lamellar bone and bone marrow and small proportions of woven bone . Sites grafted with Bio-Oss ( group B ) were comprised of connective tissue and small amounts of newly formed bone surrounding the graft particles . Only 40 % of the circumference of the Bio-Oss particles was in contact with woven bone . Sites from group C were characterized by the presence of mineralized bone and bone marrow OBJECTIVE Bone augmentation with the titanium-mesh ( Ti-mesh ) technique is susceptible to a large rate of complications such as morbidity of bone graft donor site , and mesh exposure to the oral cavity . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of anorganic bovine bone ( ABB ) in alveolar bone augmentation with the Ti-mesh technique . In addition , we investigated the effect of platelet-rich plasma ( PRP ) in preventing mesh exposure by using it to cover the Ti-mesh . PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients included in the clinical trial were r and omly allocated by a blinded assistant into two groups . The 30 patients recruited for this study underwent 43 alveolar bone augmentation with the Ti-mesh technique using ABB  as graft material in all of them . In 15 patients , the Ti-meshes were covered with PRP ( PRP group ) whereas in the other 15 the Ti-meshes were not ( control group ) . After 6 months , patients were called for clinical , radiographic , and histological evaluation , and implant placement surgery . A total of 97 implants were placed in the augmented bone and their evolution was followed up for a period of 24 months . RESULTS Significant differences were found between the two study groups in terms of complications and bone formation . In the control group , 28.5 % of the cases suffered from mesh exposure , while in the PRP group , no exposures were registered . Radiographic analysis revealed that bone augmentation was higher in the PRP group than in the control group . Overall , 97.3 % of implants placed in the control group and 100 % of those placed in the PRP group were successful during the monitoring period . We suggest that the positive effect of PRP on the Ti-mesh technique is due to its capacity to improve soft tissue healing , thereby protecting the mesh and graft material secured beneath the gingival tissues . CONCLUSIONS Alveolar bone augmentation using ABB alone in the Ti-mesh technique is sufficient for implant rehabilitation . Besides , covering the Ti-meshes with PRP was a determining factor in avoiding mesh exposure . Ti-mesh exposure provoked significant bone loss , but in most cases it did not affect the subsequent placement of implants PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare a bovine bone substitute ( Bio-Oss ) to autogenous bone with respect to its value as a material for sinus augmentation . MATERIAL S AND METHODS In 10 beagle dogs 12 months of age , the 3 maxillary premolars were extracted on both sides . Six weeks later , 2 cavities of predefined size were produced in the region of the nasal cavity . The antral window was 25 mm long and had a vertical extension of 7 mm . Two Frialit-2 implants ( 3 x 8 mm ) were placed in each bone defect ( n = 20 ) . Every implant was primarily stable because of fixation in native bone . In each maxilla , 1 bone defect was filled with autogenous bone harvested from the m and ible and 1 was filled with Bio-Oss ( material selected at r and om ) . The animals were sacrificed at 90 and 180 days , and histologic specimens were examined and the results subjected to statistical analysis by the Wilcoxon test for paired observations . RESULTS No healing problems were observed . Histologically , after 90 days the volume of the augmentation showed a reduction of 14.6 + /- 4.4 % within the Bio-Oss group and 3.8 + /- 2.5 % in the group with autogenous bone . Bone-implant contact of 52.16 + /- 13.15 % in the Bio-Oss group and 60.21 + /- 11.46 % in the autogenous bone group was observed . At 180 days , the Bio-Oss group showed bony ingrowth of the substitute , whereas in the autogenous group a differentiation from original bone could no longer be made . The volume reduction was 16.5 + /- 8.67 % in the Bio-Oss group and 39.8 + /- 16.14 % in the autogenous group . Bone-implant contact of 63.43 + /- 19.56 % in the Bio-Oss group and 42.22 + /- 12.80 % in the autogenous bone group was measured . DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results indicated that because of the nonresorptive properties of the bone substitute Bio-Oss , regeneration of the defects is achievable . It was demonstrated that the bone substitute seemed to behave as a permanent implant . The volume of the area augmented by autogenous bone decreased over the observation period This study evaluated the effects of using a titanium mesh for localized alveolar ridge augmentation . Seven consecutively treated human subjects participated in the study . Clinical , radiographic , laboratory , and histologic/histomorphometric analysis revealed the efficacy of using the titanium mesh in conjunction with intraorally harvested autogenous bone graft and inorganic bovine bone mineral ( Bio-Oss ) . Radiographic measurements detected that a 2.86-mm vertical and 3.71-mm buccolabial ridge augmentation was achieved , while histomorphometry demonstrated that 36.4 % of the grafted area consisted of bone . Laboratory measurements revealed 15.08 % resorption of the graft for the first 6 months , which appeared to consoli date after placement of the implants . Exposure of the mesh did not appear to compromise the result The purpose of this study was to evaluate : ( 1 ) the surgical protocol , effectiveness , and reliability for vertical ridge augmentation using a new titanium-reinforced membrane and osseointegrated implants ; and ( 2 ) the histologic characteristics of the interface between a pure titanium implant and newly regenerated human bone . Five patients received 15 conical Brånemark-type implants in six different surgical sites requiring vertical augmentation . The implants protruded 4 to 7 mm from the bone crest . Pure titanium miniscrews ( 1.3 x 10 mm ) were positioned distally to the implants , protruding 3 to 4 mm from the bone level . The implants and the miniscrews were covered with a titanium-reinforced membrane , and the flaps were sutured . Membranes were removed at the stage 2 surgery after 9 months of healing . Measurements of biopsy specimens showed a gain in bone height from 3 to 4 mm . Histologic examination showed that all retrieved miniscrews were in direct contact with bone . Histomorphometric analysis of bone contact gave a mean value of 42.5 + /- 3.6 % for five of the six examined miniscrews . The results suggest that the placement of implants protruding 3 to 4 mm from the top of resorbed bone surfaces may result in vertical bone regeneration to the top of the implant cylinder and that the regenerated bone is able to osseointegrate pure titanium implants BACKGROUND Recently , the use of bovine bone mineral ( BBM ) in combination with autogenous bone for alveolar ridge augmentation before implant placement has increased in favor because of concerns over morbidity associated with extraoral donor sites . The aim of this prospect i ve study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic parameters of implants placed in augmented ridges using a 70:30 mixture of autogenous bone and BBM in association with micro-mesh over a 2-year period . METHODS Sixteen partially edentulous patients requiring bone augmentation were consecutively treated for 19 reconstructive procedures and delayed implant placement ( 44 implants ) after 8 to 9 months of submerged mesh healing . Clinical examinations were performed and radiographs of the implants were taken 6 months after prosthetic loading and once a year during a 2-year follow-up . RESULTS Only one ( 5.3 % ) of the 19 micro-meshes became exposed after 2 months and was removed . Computed tomography scans of the alveolar ridge pre- and postreconstruction demonstrated mean vertical augmentation of 3.71 + /- 1.24 mm and mean horizontal augmentation of 4.16 + /- 0.59 mm . All of the implants were retained after 2 years , yielding a 100 % survival rate . The mean bone resorption around the implants was 1.37 + /- 0.32 mm during the observation period . Only three implants demonstrated bone resorption > 2 mm , whereas 41 implants were considered clinical ly successful , result ing in a success rate of 93.1 % . CONCLUSION This 2-year prospect i ve study demonstrated that implants placed into augmented bone using this technique exhibited peri-implant stability with high survival ( 100 % ) and success ( 93.1 % ) rates A very important parameter during the insertion of dental implants is the amount of bone present in a site . A regenerative procedure to increase the width and the height of bone is proposed with the use of occlusive barrier membranes and bio material s. The authors used , in six patients with deficient alveolar ridges , prior to implant insertion , Biocoral gel particles in connection with exp and ed polytetrafluoroethylene membranes . After 6 months it was observed that a tissue similar to mature bone had regenerated under the membrane and microscopically it was observed that the Biocoral particles were still present and almost all were completely surrounded by mature bone
AIM OF THE STUDY Reconstruction of segmental defects and the atrophic maxilla and m and ible is performed using various techniques .
Bone substitutes have received a wealth of reports in the literature demonstrating a long-term success when used in alveolar bone augmentation procedures .