The increasing advances in hardware technology for sensor processing and mobile technology has resulted in greater access and availability of sensor data from a wide variety of applications. For example, the commodity mobile devices contain a wide variety of sensors such as GPS, accelerometers, and other kinds of data. Many other kinds of technology such as RFID-enabled sensors also produce large volumes of data over time. This has lead to a need for principled methods for efficient sensor data processing. This chapter will provide an overview of the challenges of sensor data analytics and the different areas of research in this context. We will also present the organization of the chapters in this book in this context.