HOT FREE BOOKS • Beowulf • James A. Harrison and Robert Sharp, eds.\nby James A. Harrison and Robert Sharp, eds.\nThis text is a revised and corrected version of the fourth edition of Harrison and Sharp in its entirety. It comes in two basic versions. The base version (available in plain-text and HTML) presents the original text as printed. It preserves the source-text's idiosyncratic use of accented vowels with the exception of y-circumflex (), which is replaced by y-acute (�) to fit within the Latin-1 character set. Manifestly unintentional errors in the text have been corrected. In general, this has only been done when the text is internally inconsistent (e.g., a quotation in the glossary does not match the main text). Forms that represent deliberate editorial choice have not been altered, even where they appear wrong. (For example, some of the markings of vowel length do not reflect current scholarly consensus.) In a few instances, quotations in the glossary use the correct vowel length where the main text does not. These have not been altered. Where an uncorrected problem may confuse the reader, I have inserted a note explaining the difficulty, signed KTH. A complete list of the changes made is appended at the end of the file. In order to make the text more useful to modern readers, I have also produced a revised edition (HTML only). The file you are reading is this revised version. Notes from the source text that indicate changes adopted in later editions have been incorporated directly into the text and apparatus. Further, long vowels are indicated with macrons, as is the common practice of most modern editions. Finally, the quantity of some words has been altered to the values currently accepted as correct. Quantities have not been changed when the difference is a matter of editorial interpretation (e.g., g�st vs. gst in l. 102, etc.) A list of these altered quantities appears at the end of the list of corrections. Your browser must support the Unicode character set to use this file. To tell if your browser supports the necessary characters, check the table of vowel equivalents below. If you see any empty boxes or question marks in the "revised" columns, you should use the basic version.\nIn general, Harrison and Sharp use circumflex accents over vowels to mark long vowels. For ash, however, the actual character '�' represents the long vowel. Short ash is rendered with a-umlaut (�). The long diphthongs (o, a, etc.) are indicated with an acute accent over the second vowel (e�, e�, etc.).\nOrig. Revised Orig. Revised � � � � � � � � � � y � � Y � e� a � E� a � e� o � E� o � i� e � i� o\n** End of PG Preface **\nROBERT SHARP (PH.D. LIPS.), PROFESSOR OF GREEK AND ENGLISH, TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA.\nGINN & COMPANY BOSTON-NEW YORK-CHICAGO-LONDON\nEntered according to Act of Congress in the year 1883, by JAMES ALBERT HARRISON AND ROBERT SHARP in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.\nThe favor with which the successive editions of "Bowulf" have been received during the past thirteen years emboldens the editors to continue the work of revision in a fourth issue, the most noticeable feature of which is a considerable body of explanatory Notes, now for the first time added. These Notes mainly concern themselves with new textual readings, with here and there grammatical, geographical, and arch�ological points that seemed worthy of explanation. Parallelisms and parallel passages are constantly compared, with the view of making the poem illustrate and explain itself. A few emendations and textual changes are suggested by the editors with all possible diffidence; numerous corrections have been made in the Glossary and List of Names; and the valuable parts of former Appendices have been embodied in the Notes.\nFor the Notes, the editors are much indebted to the various German periodicals mentioned on page 116, to the recent publications of Professors Earle and J. L. Hall, to Mr. S. A. Brooke, and to the Heyne-Socin edition of "Bowulf." No change has been made in the system of accentuation, though a few errors in quantity have been corrected. The editors are looking forward to an eventual fifth edition, in which an entirely new text will be presented.\nThis third edition of the American issue of Bowulf will, the editors hope, be found more accurate and useful than either of the preceding editions. Further corrections in text and glossary have been made, and some additional new readings and suggestions will be found in two brief appendices at the back of the book. Students of the metrical system of Bowulf will find ample material for their studies in Sievers' exhaustive essay on that subject (Beitr�ge, X. 209-314).\nSocin's edition of Heyne's Bowulf (called the fifth edition) has been utilized to some extent in this edition, though it unfortunately came too late to be freely used. While it repeats many of the omissions and inaccuracies of Heyne's fourth edition, it contains much that is valuable to the student, particularly in the notes and commentary. Students of the poem, which has been subjected to much searching criticism during the last decade, will also derive especial help from the contributions of Sievers and Kluge on difficult questions appertaining to it. W�lker's new edition (in the Grein Bibliothek) is of the highest value, however one may dissent from particular textual views laid down in the 'Berichtigter Text.' Paul and Braune's Beitr�ge contain a varied miscellany of hints, corrections, and suggestions principally embodying the views of Kluge, Cosijn, Sievers, and Bugge, some of the more important of which are found in the appendices to the present and the preceding edition. Holder and Zupitza, Sarrazin and Hermann M�ller (Kiel, 1883), Heinzel (Anzeiger f.d. Alterthum, X.), Gering (Zacher's Zeitschrift, XII.), Brenner (Eng. Studien, IX.), and the contributors to Anglia, have assisted materially in the textual and metrical interpretation of the poem.\nThe subject of Anglo-Saxon quantity has been discussed in several able essays by Sievers, Sweet, Ten Brink (Anzeiger, f.d. Alterthum, V.), Kluge (Beitr�ge, XI.), and others; but so much is uncertain in this field that the editors have left undisturbed the marking of vowels found in the text of their original edition, while indicating in the appendices the now accepted views of scholars on the quantity of the personal pronouns (m, w, �, �, g, h); the adverb n, etc. Perhaps it would be best to banish absolutely all attempts at marking quantities except in cases where the Ms. has them marked.\nAn approximately complete Bibliography of Bowulf literature will be found in W�lker's Grundriss and in Garnett's translation of the poem.\nThe editors feel so encouraged at the kind reception accorded their edition of Bowulf (1883), that, in spite of its many shortcomings, they have determined to prepare a second revised edition of the book, and thus endeavor to extend its sphere of usefulness. About twenty errors had, notwithstanding a vigilant proof-reading, crept into the text,-errors in single letters, accents, and punctuation. These have been corrected, and it is hoped that the text has been rendered generally accurate and trustworthy. In the List of Names one or two corrections have been made, and in the Glossary numerous mistakes in gender, classification, and translation, apparently unavoidable in a first edition, have been rectified. Wherever these mistakes concern single letters, or occupy very small space, they have been corrected in the plates; where they are longer, and the expense of correcting them in the plates would have been very great, the editors have thought it best to include them in an Appendix of Corrections and Additions, which will be found at the back of the book. Students are accordingly referred to this Appendix for important longer corrections and additions. It is believed that the value of the book has been much enhanced by an Appendix of Recent Readings, based on late criticisms and essays from the pens of Sievers, Kluge, Cosijn, Holder, W�lker, and Sweet. A perplexed student, in turning to these suggested readings, will often find great help in unravelling obscure or corrupt passages.\nThe objectionable � and �, for the short and the long diphthong, have been retained in the revised edition, owing to the impossibility of removing them without entirely recasting the plates.\nThe present work, carefully edited from Heyne's fourth edition, (Paderborn, 1879), is designed primarily for college classes in Anglo-Saxon, rather than for independent investigators or for seekers after a restored or ideal text. The need of an American edition of "Bowulf" has long been felt, as, hitherto, students have had either to send to Germany for a text, or secure, with great trouble, one of the scarce and expensive English editions. Heyne's first edition came out in 1863, and was followed in 1867 and 1873 by a second and a third edition, all three having essentially the same text.\nSo many important contributions to the "Bowulf" literature were, however, made between 1873 and 1879 that Heyne found it necessary to put forth a new edition (1879). In this new, last edition, the text was subjected to a careful revision, and was fortified by the views, contributions, and criticisms of other zealous scholars. In it the collation of the unique "Bowulf" Ms. (Vitellius A. 15: Cottonian Mss. of the British Museum), as made by E. K�lbing in Herrig's Archiv (Bd. 56; 1876), was followed wherever the present condition of the Ms. had to be discussed; and the researches of Bugge, Bieger, and others, on single passages, were made use of. The discussion of the metrical structure of the poem, as occurring in the second and third editions, was omitted in the fourth, owing to the many controversies in which the subject is still involved. The present editor has thought it best to do the same, though, happily, the subject of Old English Metrik is undergoing a steady illumination through the labors of Schipper and others.\nIn the preparation of the present school edition it has been thought best to omit Heyne's notes, as they concern themselves principally with conjectural emendations, substitutions of one reading for another, and discussions of the condition of the Ms. Until W�lker's text and the photographic fac-simile of the original Ms. are in the hands of all scholars, it will be better not to introduce such matters in the school room, where they would puzzle without instructing.\nThe editors now have the pleasure of presenting to the public a complete text and a tolerably complete glossary of "Bowulf." The edition is the first published in America, and the first of its special kind presented to the English public, and it is the initial volume of a "Library of Anglo-Saxon Poetry," to be edited under the same auspices and with the co�peration of distinguished scholars in this country. Among these scholars may be mentioned Professors F.A. March of Lafayette College, T.K. Price of Columbia College, and W.M. Baskervill of Vanderbilt University.\nThe editors think that they may without immodesty put forth for themselves something more than the claim of being re-translators of a translation: the present edition is, so far as they were able to make it so, an adaptation, correction, and extension of the work of the great German scholar to whose loving appreciation of the Anglo-Saxon epic all students of Old English owe a debt of gratitude. While following his usually sure and cautious guidance, and in the main appropriating his results, they have thought it best to deviate from him in the manner above indicated, whenever it seemed that he was wrong. The careful reader will notice at once the marks of interrogation which point out these deviations, or which introduce a point of view illustrative of, or supplementary to, the one given by the German editor. No doubt the editors are wrong themselves in many places,-"Bowulf" is a most difficult poem,-but their view may at least be defended by a reference to the original text, which they have faithfully and constantly consulted.\nThe responsibility of the editors is as follows: H. is responsible for the Text, and for the Glossary from hrnan on; S. for the List of Names, and for the Glossary as far as hrnan.\nThe only national [Anglo-Saxon] epic which has been preserved entire is Bowulf. Its argument is briefly as follows:-The poem opens with a few verses in praise of the Danish Kings, especially Scild, the son of Sceaf. His death is related, and his descendants briefly traced down to Hro�gar. Hro�gar, elated with his prosperity and success in war, builds a magnificent hall, which he calls Heorot. In this hall Hro�gar and his retainers live in joy and festivity, until a malignant fiend, called Grendel, jealous of their happiness, carries off by night thirty of Hro�gar's men, and devours them in his moorland retreat. These ravages go on for twelve years. Bowulf, a thane of Hygelac, King of the Goths, hearing of Hro�gar's calamities, sails from Sweden with fourteen warriors-to help him. They reach the Danish coast in safety; and, after an animated parley with Hro�gar's coastguard, who at first takes them for pirates, they are allowed to proceed to the royal hall, where they are well received by Hro�gar. A banquet ensues, during which Bowulf is taunted by the envious Hunferh� about his swimming-match with Breca, King of the Brondings. Bowulf gives the true account of the contest, and silences Hunferh�. At night-fall the King departs, leaving Bowulf in charge of the hall. Grendel soon breaks in, seizes and devours one of Bowulf's companions; is attacked by Bowulf, and, after losing an arm, which is torn off by Bowulf, escapes to the fens. The joy of Hro�gar and the Danes, and their festivities, are described, various episodes are introduced, and Bowulf and his companions receive splendid gifts. The next night Grendel's mother revenges her son by carrying off AEschere, the friend and councillor of Hro�gar, during the absence of Bowulf. Hro�gar appeals to Bowulf for vengeance, and describes the haunts of Grendel and his mother. They all proceed thither; the scenery of the lake, and the monsters that dwell in it, are described. Bowulf plunges into the water, and attacks Grendel's mother in her dwelling at the bottom of the lake. He at length overcomes her, and cuts off her head, together with that of Grendel, and brings the heads to Hro�gar. He then takes leave of Hro�gar, sails back to Sweden, and relates his adventures to Hygelac. Here the first half of the poem ends. The second begins with the accession of Bowulf to the throne, after the fall of Hygelac and his son Heardred. He rules prosperously for fifty years, till a dragon, brooding over a hidden treasure, begins to ravage the country, and destroys Bowulf's palace with fire. Bowulf sets out in quest of its hiding-place, with twelve men. Having a presentiment of his approaching end, he pauses and recalls to mind his past life and exploits. He then takes leave of his followers, one by one, and advances alone to attack the dragon. Unable, from the heat, to enter the cavern, he shouts aloud, and the dragon comes forth. The dragon's scaly hide is proof against Bowulf's sword, and he is reduced to great straits. Then Wiglaf, one of his followers, advances to help him. Wiglaf's shield is consumed by the dragon's fiery breath, and he is compelled to seek shelter under Bowulf's shield of iron. Bowulf's sword snaps asunder, and he is seized by the dragon. Wiglaf stabs the dragon from underneath, and Bowulf cuts it in two with his dagger. Feeling that his end is near, he bids Wiglaf bring out the treasures from the cavern, that he may see them before he dies. Wiglaf enters the dragon's den, which is described, returns to Bowulf, and receives his last commands. Bowulf dies, and Wiglaf bitterly reproaches his companions for their cowardice. The disastrous consequences of Bowulf's death are then foretold, and the poem ends with his funeral.-H. Sweet, in Warton's History of English Poetry, Vol. II. (ed. 1871). Cf. also Ten Brink's History of English Literature.\nHw�t! w Gr-Dena in ger-dagum �od-cyninga �rym gefrnon, h � ��elingas ellen fremedon. Oft Scyld Scfing scea�ena �ratum, 5 monegum mg�um meodo-setla oftah. Egsode eorl, sy��an rest wear� fa-sceaft funden: h ��s frfre gebd, wox under wolcnum, weor�-myndum �h, o� ��t him ghwylc �ra ymb-sittendra 10 ofer hron-rde hyran scolde, gomban gyldan: ��t w�s gd cyning! �m eafera w�s �fter cenned geong in geardum, �one god sende folce t frfre; fyren-�earfe ongeat, 15 ��t he r drugon aldor-lase lange hwle. Him ��s lf-fra, wuldres wealdend, worold-re forgeaf; Bowulf w�s brme (bld wde sprang), Scyldes eafera Scede-landum in. 20 Sw sceal geong guma, gde gewyrcean, fromum feoh-giftum on f�der wine, ��t hine on ylde eft gewunigen wil-ges�as, �onne wg cume, lode gelsten: lof-ddum sceal 25 in mg�a gehwre man ge�on. Him � Scyld gewt t gesc�p-hwle fela-hrr fran on fran wre; h hyne � �tbron t brimes faro�e. swse ges�as, sw h selfa b�d, 30 �enden wordum wold wine Scyldinga, lof land-fruma lange hte. �r �t hy�e std hringed-stefna, sig and tfs, ��elinges f�r; -ldon � lofne �oden, 35 baga bryttan on bearm scipes, mrne be m�ste. �r w�s mdma fela, of feor-wegum fr�twa gelded: ne hyrde ic cymlcor col gegyrwan hilde-wpnum and hea�o-wdum, 40 billum and byrnum; him on bearme l�g mdma m�nigo, � him mid scoldon on fldes ht feor gewtan. Nalas h hine lssan lcum todan, �od-gestronum, �onne � dydon, 45 � hine �t frumsceafte for� onsendon nne ofer y�e umbor wesende: � gyt he him setton segen gyldenne hah ofer hafod, lton holm beran, gafon on gr-secg: him w�s gemor sefa, 50 murnende md. Men ne cunnon secgan t so�e sele-rdende, h�le� under heofenum, hw �m hl�ste onfng.\n� w�s on burgum Bowulf Scyldinga, lof lod-cyning, longe �rge 55 folcum gefrge (f�der ellor hwearf, aldor of earde), o� ��t him eft onwc hah Healfdene; hold �enden lifde, gamol and g�-row, gl�de Scyldingas. �m fower bearn for�-germed 60 in worold wcun, weoroda rswan, Heorogr and Hr�gr and Hlga til; hyrde ic, �at Elan cwn Ongen�owes w�s Hea�oscilfinges heals-gebedde. � w�s Hr�gre here-spd gyfen, 65 wges weor�-mynd, ��t him his wine-mgas georne hyrdon, o� ��t so geogo� gewox, mago-driht micel. Him on md bearn, ��t heal-reced htan wolde, medo-�rn micel men gewyrcean, 70 �one yldo bearn fre gefrnon, and �r on innan eall gedlan geongum and ealdum, swylc him god sealde, bton folc-scare and feorum gumena. � ic wde gefr�gn weorc gebannan 75 manigre mg�e geond �isne middan-geard, folc-stede fr�twan. Him on fyrste gelomp dre mid yldum, ��t hit wear� eal gearo, heal-�rna mst; scp him Heort naman, s �e his wordes geweald wde h�fde. 80 H bot ne lh, bagas dlde, sinc �t symle. Sele hlfade hah and horn-gap: hea�o-wylma bd, l�an lges; ne w�s hit lenge � gn ��t se ecg-hete �um-swerian 85 �fter w�l-n�e w�cnan scolde. � se ellen-gst earfo�lce �rge ge�olode, s �e in �ystrum bd, ��t h dgora gehwm dram gehyrde hldne in healle; �r w�s hearpan swg, 90 swutol sang scopes. S�gde s �e c�e frum-sceaft fra feorran reccan, cw�� ��t se �lmihtiga eor�an worhte, wlite-beorhtne wang, sw w�ter bebge�, gesette sige-hr�ig sunnan and mnan 95 loman t lohte land-bendum, and gefr�twade foldan scatas leomum and lafum; lf ac gescep cynna gehwylcum, �ra �e cwice hwyrfa�. Sw � driht-guman dramum lifdon 100 adiglce, o� ��t n ongan fyrene fremman, fond on helle: w�s se grimma g�st Grendel hten, mre mearc-stapa, s �e mras hold, fen and f�sten; ffel-cynnes eard 105 won-slig wer weardode hwle, si��an him scyppend forscrifen h�fde. In Caines cynne �one cwealm gewr�c, ce drihten, ��s �e h bel slg; ne gefeah h �re fh�e, ac h hine feor forwr�c, 110 metod for �y mne man-cynne fram. �anon untydras ealle onwcon, eotenas and ylfe and orcnas, swylce ggantas, � wi� gode wunnon lange �rge; h him ��s lan forgeald.\n115 Gewt � nosian, sy��an niht becm, han hses, h hit Hring-Dene �fter bor-�ege gebn h�fdon. Fand � �r inne ��elinga gedriht swefan �fter symble; sorge ne c�on, 120 won-sceaft wera. Wiht unhlo grim and grdig gearo sna w�s, roc and r�e, and on r�ste genam �rtig �egna: �anon eft gewt h�e hrmig t hm faran, 125 mid �re w�l-fylle wca nosan. � w�s on htan mid r-d�ge Grendles g�-cr�ft gumum undyrne: � w�s �fter wiste wp up hafen, micel morgen-swg. Mre �oden, 130 ��eling r-gd, unbl�e s�t, �olode �ry�-swy�, �egn-sorge drah, sy��an he ��s l�an lst scawedon, wergan gstes; w�s ��t gewin t strang, l� and longsum. N�s hit lengra fyrst, 135 ac ymb ne niht eft gefremede mor�-beala mre and n mearn fore fh�e and fyrene; w�s t f�st on �m. � w�s a�-fynde, � him elles hwr germlcor r�ste shte, 140 bed �fter brum, � him gebacnod w�s, ges�gd s�lce sweotolan tcne heal-�egnes hete; hold hine sy��an fyr and f�stor, s �m fonde �twand. Sw rxode and wi� rihte wan 145 na wi� eallum, o� ��t del std hsa slest. W�s so hwl micel: twelf wintra td torn ge�olode wine Scyldinga, wana gehwelcne, sdra sorga; for�m sy��an wear� 150 ylda bearnum undyrne c�, gyddum gemore, ��tte Grendel wan, hwle wi� Hr�gr;— hete-n�as w�g, fyrene and fh�e fela missra, single s�ce, sibbe ne wolde 155 wi� manna hwone m�genes Deniga feorh-bealo feorran, fo �ingian, n �r nnig witena wnan �orfte beorhtre bte t banan folmum; atol glca htende w�s, 160 deorc da�-sca dugu�e and geogo�e seomade and syrede. Sin-nihte hold mistige mras; men ne cunnon, hwyder hel-rnan hwyrftum scr�a�. Sw fela fyrena fond man-cynnes, 165 atol n-gengea, oft gefremede heardra hyn�a; Heorot eardode, sinc-fge sel sweartum nihtum (n h �one gif-stl grtan mste, m��um for metode, n his myne wisse); 170 ��t w�s wrc micel wine Scyldinga, mdes brec�a. Monig-oft ges�t rce t rne; rd eahtedon, hw�t sw�-ferh�um slest wre wi� fr-gryrum t gefremmanne. 175 Hwlum he gehton �t h�rg-trafum wg-weor�unga, wordum bdon, ��t him gst-bona goce gefremede wi� �od-�raum. Swylc w�s �aw hyra, h�enra hyht; helle gemundon 180 in md-sefan, metod he ne c�on, dda dmend, ne wiston he drihten god, n he hru heofena helm herian ne c�on, wuldres waldend. W bi� �m �e sceal �urh sl�ne n� swle bescfan 185 in fyres f��m, frfre ne wnan, wihte gewendan; wl bi� �m �e mt �fter da�-d�ge drihten scean and t f�der f��mum freo�o wilnian.\nSw � ml-ceare maga Healfdenes 190 singla sa�; ne mihte snotor h�le� wan onwendan: w�s ��t gewin t swy�, l� and longsum, � on � lode becm, nyd-wracu n�-grim, niht-bealwa mst. ��t fram hm gefr�gn Higelces �egn, 195 gd mid Gatum, Grendles dda: s w�s mon-cynnes m�genes strengest on �m d�ge �ysses lfes, ��ele and acen. Ht him y�-lidan gdne gegyrwan; cw�� h g�-cyning 200 ofer swan-rde scean wolde, mrne �oden, � him w�s manna �earf. �one s�-f�t him snotere ceorlas lyt-hwn lgon, �ah h him lof wre; hwetton higerfne, hl scawedon. 205 H�fde se gda Gata loda cempan gecorone, �ra �e h cnoste findan mihte; fftyna sum sund-wudu shte; secg wsade, lagu-cr�ftig mon, land-gemyrcu. 210 Fyrst for� gewt: flota w�s on y�um, bt under beorge. Beornas gearwe on stefn stigon; stramas wundon sund wi� sande; secgas bron on bearm nacan beorhte fr�twe, 215 g�-searo geatolc; guman t scufon, weras on wil-s� wudu bundenne. Gewt � ofer wg-holm winde gefysed flota fmig-heals fugle gelcost, o� ��t ymb n-td �res dgores 220 wunden-stefna gewaden h�fde, ��t � l�ende land geswon, brim-clifu blcan, beorgas stape, sde s-n�ssas: � w�s sund liden, eoletes �t ende. �anon up hra�e 225 Wedera lode on wang stigon, s-wudu sldon (syrcan hrysedon, g�-gewdo); gode �ancedon, ��s �e him y�-lde a�e wurdon. � of wealle geseah weard Scildinga, 230 s �e holm-clifu healdan scolde, beran ofer bolcan beorhte randas, fyrd-searu fslcu; hine fyrwyt br�c md-gehygdum, hw�t � men wron. Gewt him � t waro�e wicge rdan 235 �egn Hr�gres, �rymmum cwehte m�gen-wudu mundum, me�el-wordum fr�gn: "Hw�t syndon g searo-h�bbendra "byrnum werede, � �us brontne col "ofer lagu-strte ldan cwmon, 240 "hider ofer holmas helmas bron? "Ic w�s ende-sta, g-wearde hold, "��t on land Dena l�ra nnig "mid scip-herge sce��an ne meahte. "N hr c�lcor cuman ongunnon 245 "lind-h�bbende; n g lafnes-word "g�-fremmendra gearwe ne wisson, "mga gemdu. Nfre ic mran geseah "eorla ofer eor�an, �onne is ower sum, "secg on searwum; nis ��t seld-guma 250 "wpnum geweor�ad, n�fne him his wlite loge, "nlc an-syn. N ic ower sceal "frum-cyn witan, r g fyr heonan "lase scaweras on land Dena "fur�ur fran. N g feor-bend, 255 "mere-l�ende, mnne gehyra� "n-fealdne ge�ht: ofost is slest "t gecy�anne, hwanan owre cyme syndon."\nHim se yldesta andswarode, werodes wsa, word-hord onlac: 260 "W synt gum-cynnes Gata lode "and Higelces heor�-genatas. "W�s mn f�der folcum gecy�ed, "��ele ord-fruma Ecg�ow hten; "gebd wintra worn, r h on weg hwurfe, 265 "gamol of geardum; hine gearwe geman "witena wl-hwylc wde geond eor�an.- "W �urh holdne hige hlford �inne, "sunu Healfdenes, scean cwmon, "lod-gebyrgean: wes � s lrena gd! 270 "Habba� w t �m mran micel rende "Deniga fran; ne sceal �r dyrne sum "wesan, ��s ic wne. � wst, gif hit is, "sw w s�lice secgan hyrdon, "��t mid Scyldingum scea�a ic nt hwylc, 275 "dogol dd-hata, deorcum nihtum "awe� �urh egsan unc�ne n�, "hyn�u and hr-fyl. Ic ��s Hr�gr m�g "�urh rmne sefan rd gelran, "h h frd and gd fond oferswy�e�, 280 "gyf him ed-wendan fre scolde "bealuwa bisigu, bt eft cuman "and � cear-wylmas clran wur�a�; "o��e sy��an earfo�-�rge, "�ra-nyd �ola�, �enden �r wuna� 285 "on hah-stede hsa slest." Weard ma�elode, �r on wicge s�t ombeht unforht: "ghw��res sceal "scearp scyld-wiga gescd witan, "worda and worca, s �e wl �ence�. 290 "Ic ��t gehyre, ��t �is is hold weorod "fran Scyldinga. Gewta� for� beran "wpen and gewdu, ic ow wsige: "swylce ic magu-�egnas mne hte "wi� fonda gehwone flotan owerne, 295 "nw-tyrwedne nacan on sande "rum healdan, o� ��t eft byre� "ofer lagu-stramas lofne mannan "wudu wunden-hals t Weder-mearce. "G�-fremmendra swylcum gife�e bi�, 300 "��t �one hilde-rs hl gedge�." Gewiton him � fran (flota stille bd, seomode on sle sd-f��med scyp, on ancre f�st); eofor-lc scionon ofer hlor-beran gehroden golde 305 fh and fyr-heard, ferh wearde hold. G�mde grummon, guman netton, sigon �tsomne, o� ��t hy s�l timbred geatolc and gold-fh ongytan mihton; ��t w�s fore-mrost fold-bendum 310 receda under roderum, on �m se rca bd; lxte se loma ofer landa fela. Him � hilde-dor hof mdigra torht gethte, ��t he him t mihton gegnum gangan; g�-beorna sum 315 wicg gewende, word �fter cw��: "Ml is m t fran; f�der alwalda "mid r-stafum owic gehealde "s�a gesunde! ic t s wille, "wi� wr� werod wearde healdan."\nVI. BOWULF'S SPEECH.\n320 Strt w�s stn-fh, stg wsode gumum �tg�dere. G�-byrne scn heard hond-locen, hring-ren scr song in searwum, � he t sele fur�um in hyra gryre-geatwum gangan cwmon. 325 Setton s-m�e sde scyldas, rondas regn-hearde wi� ��s recedes weal, bugon � t bence; byrnan hringdon, g�-searo gumena; gras stdon, s-manna searo, samod �tg�dere, 330 �sc-holt ufan grg: w�s se ren-�rat wpnum gewur�ad. � �r wlonc h�le� ret-mecgas �fter ��elum fr�gn: "Hwanon ferigea� g ftte scyldas, "grge syrcan and grm-helmas, 335 "here-sceafta hap?— Ic eom Hr�gres "r and ombiht. Ne seah ic el-�odige "�us manige men mdiglcran. "Wn' ic ��t g for wlenco, nalles for wr�c-s�um, "ac for hige-�rymmum Hr�gr shton." 340 Him � ellen-rf andswarode, wlanc Wedera lod word �fter spr�c, heard under helme: "W synt Higelces "bod-genatas; Bowulf is mn nama. "Wille ic secgan suna Healfdenes, 345 "mrum �odne mn rende, "aldre �num, gif h s geunnan wile, "��t w hine sw gdne grtan mton." Wulfgr ma�elode (��t w�s Wendla lod, w�s his md-sefa manegum gecy�ed, 350 wg and ws-dm): "ic ��s wine Deniga, "fran Scildinga frnan wille, "baga bryttan, sw � bna eart, "�oden mrne ymb �nne s� ; "and � � andsware dre gecy�an, 355 "� m se gda gifan �ence�." Hwearf � hr�dlce, �r Hr�gr s�t, eald and unhr mid his eorla gedriht; ode ellen-rf, ��t h for eaxlum gestd Deniga fran, c�e h dugu�e �aw. 360 Wulfgr ma�elode t his wine-drihtne: "Hr syndon geferede feorran cumene "ofer geofenes begang Gata lode: "�one yldestan ret-mecgas "Bowulf nemna�. Hy bnan synt, 365 "��t he, �oden mn, wi� � mton "wordum wrixlan; n � him wearne getoh, "�nra gegn-cwida gl�dnian, Hr�gr! "Hy on wg-geatwum wyr�e �incea� "eorla ge�htlan; hru se aldor dah, 370 "s �m hea�o-rincum hider wsade."\nHr�gr ma�elode, helm Scyldinga: "Ic hine c�e cniht-wesende. "W�s his eald-f�der Ecg�o hten, "�m t hm forgeaf Hr�el Gata 375 "ngan dhtor; is his eafora n "heard hr cumen, shte holdne wine. "�onne s�gdon ��t s-l�ende, "� �e gif-sceattas Gata fyredon "�yder t �ance, ��t h �rttiges 380 "manna m�gen-cr�ft on his mund-grpe "hea�o-rf h�bbe. Hine hlig god "for r-stafum us onsende, "t West-Denum, ��s ic wn h�bbe, "wi� Grendles gryre: ic �m gdan sceal 385 "for his md-�r�ce mdmas bodan. "Bo � on ofeste, ht hig in gn, "son sibbe-gedriht samod �tg�dere; "gesaga him ac wordum, ��t he sint wil-cuman "Deniga lodum." � wi� duru healle 390 Wulfgr ode, word inne bad: "ow ht secgan sige-drihten mn, "aldor ast-Dena, ��t h ower ��elu can "and g him syndon ofer s-wylmas, "heard-hicgende, hider wil-cuman. 395 "N g mton gangan in owrum gu�-geatawum, "under here-grman, Hr�gr geson; "lta� hilde-bord hr onbidian, "wudu w�l-sceaftas, worda ge�inges." rs � se rca, ymb hine rinc manig, 400 �ry�lc �egna hap; sume �r bidon, hea�o-raf holdon, sw him se hearda bebad. Snyredon �tsomne, � secg wsode under Heorotes hrf; hyge-rf ode, heard under helme, ��t h on heo�e gestd. 405 Bowulf ma�elode (on him byrne scn, searo-net sowed smi�es or-�ancum): "Wes � Hr�gr hl! ic eom Higelces "mg and mago-�egn; h�bbe ic mr�a fela "ongunnen on geogo�e. M wear� Grendles �ing 410 "on mnre �el-tyrf undyrne c�: "secga� s-l�end, ��t �es sele stande, "reced slesta, rinca gehwylcum "del and unnyt, si��an fen-loht "under heofenes hdor beholen weor�e�. 415 "� m ��t gelrdon lode mne, "� slestan, snotere ceorlas, "�oden Hr�gr, ��t ic � shte; "for�an he m�genes cr�ft mnne c�on: "selfe oferswon, � ic of searwum cwm, 420 "fh from fondum, �r ic ffe geband, "y�de eotena cyn, and on y�um slg "niceras nihtes, nearo-�earfe drah, "wr�c Wedera n� (wan hsodon) "forgrand gramum; and n wi� Grendel sceal, 425 "wi� �m glcan, na gehegan "�ing wi� �yrse. Ic � n �, "brego Beorht-Dena, biddan wille, "eodor Scyldinga, nre bne; "��t � m ne forwyrne, wgendra hlo, 430 "fro-wine folca, n ic �us feorran cm, "��t ic mte na and mnra eorla gedryht, "�es hearda hap, Heorot flsian. "H�bbe ic ac gehsod, ��t se glca "for his won-hydum wpna ne rce�; 435 "ic ��t �onne forhicge, sw m Higelc se, "mn mon-drihten, mdes bl�e, "��t ic sweord bere o��e sdne scyld "geolo-rand t g�e; ac ic mid grpe sceal "fn wi� fonde and ymb feorh sacan, 440 "l� wi� l�um; �r gelyfan sceal "dryhtnes dme s �e hine da� nime�. "Wn' ic ��t h wille, gif h wealdan mt, "in �m g�-sele Gatena lode "etan unforhte, sw h oft dyde 445 "m�gen Hr�manna. N � mnne �earft "hafalan hydan, ac h m habban wile "drore fhne, gif mec da� nime�; "byre� bldig w�l, byrgean �ence�, "ete� n-genga unmurnlce, 450 "mearca� mr-hopu: n � ymb mnes ne �earft "lces feorme leng sorgian. "Onsend Higelce, gif mec hild nime, "beadu-scrda betst, ��t mne brost were�, "hr�gla slest; ��t is Hr�lan lf, 455 "Wlandes geweorc. G� Wyrd sw ho scel!"\nVIII. HROTHGAR TELLS OF GRENDEL.\nHr�gr ma�elode, helm Scyldinga: "for were-fyhtum �, wine mn Bowulf, "and for r-stafum sic shtest. "Geslh �in f�der fh�e mste, 460 "wear� h Hea�olfe t hand-bonan "mid Wilfingum; � hine Wedera cyn "for here-brgan habban ne mihte. "�anon h geshte S�-Dena folc "ofer y�a gewealc, r-Scyldinga; 465 "� ic fur�um wold folce Deninga, "and on geogo�e hold gimme-rce "hord-burh h�le�a: � w�s Heregr dad, "mn yldra mg unlifigende, "bearn Healfdenes. S w�s betera �onne ic! 470 "Si��an � fh�e fo �ingode; "sende ic Wylfingum ofer w�teres hrycg "ealde mdmas: h m �as swr. "Sorh is m t secganne on sefan mnum "gumena ngum, hw�t m Grendel hafa� 475 "hyn�o on Heorote mid his hete-�ancum, "fr-n�a gefremed. Is mn flet-werod, "wg-hap gewanod; he Wyrd forswop "on Grendles gryre. God a�e m�g "�one dol-sca�an dda getwfan! 480 "Ful oft gebotedon bore druncne "ofer ealo-wge ret-mecgas, "��t he in bor-sele bdan woldon "Grendles g�e mid gryrum ecga. "�onne w�s �os medo-heal on morgen-td, 485 "driht-sele dror-fh, �onne d�g lxte, "eal benc-�elu blde bestymed, "heall heoru-drore: hte ic holdra �y ls, "dorre dugu�e, � � da� fornam. "Site n t symle and onsl meoto, 490 "sige-hr� secgum, sw �n sefa hwette!" � w�s Gat-m�cgum geador �tsomne on bor-sele benc gerymed; �r sw�-ferh�e sittan odon �ry�um dealle. �egn nytte behold, 495 s �e on handa b�r hroden ealo-wge, scencte scr wered. Scop hwlum sang hdor on Heorote; �r w�s h�le�a dram, dugu� unlytel Dena and Wedera.\nIX. HUNFERTH OBJECTS TO BOWULF.\nUnfer� ma�elode, Ecglfes bearn, 500 � �t ftum s�t fran Scyldinga; onband beadu-rne (w�s him Bowulfes s�, mdges mere-faran, micel �f-�unca, for�on �e h ne �e, ��t nig �er man fre mr�a �on m middan-geardes 505 gehdde under heofenum �onne h sylfa): "Eart � s Bowulf, s �e wi� Brecan wunne, "on sdne s ymb sund flite, "�r git for wlence wada cunnedon "and for dol-gilpe on dop w�ter 510 "aldrum n�don? N inc nig mon, "n lof n l�, belan mihte "sorh-fullne s�; � git on sund ron, "�r git agor-stram earmum �ehton, "mton mere-strta, mundum brugdon, 515 "glidon ofer gr-secg; geofon y�um wol, "wintres wylme. Git on w�teres ht "seofon niht swuncon; h � �t sunde oferflt, "h�fde mre m�gen. � hine on morgen-td "on Hea�o-rmas holm up �tb�r, 520 "�onon h geshte swsne �el "lof his lodum lond Brondinga, "freo�o-burh f�gere, �r h folc hte, "burg and bagas. Bot eal wi� � "sunu Banstnes s�e gelste. 525 "�onne wne ic t � wyrsan ge�inges, "�ah � hea�o-rsa gehwr dohte, "grimre g�e, gif � Grendles dearst "niht-longne fyrst nan bdan!" Bowulf ma�elode, bearn Ecg�owes: 530 "Hw�t! � worn fela, wine mn Unfer�, "bore druncen ymb Brecan sprce, "s�gdest from his s�e! S� ic talige, "��t ic mere-strengo mran hte, "earfe�o on y�um, �onne nig �er man. 535 "Wit ��t gecwdon cniht-wesende "and gebotedon (wron bgen � gt "on geogo�-feore) ��t wit on gr-secg t "aldrum n�don; and ��t ge�fndon sw. "H�fdon swurd nacod, � wit on sund ron, 540 "heard on handa, wit unc wi� hron-fixas "werian �hton. N h wiht fram m "fld-y�um feor flotan meahte, "hra�or on holme, n ic fram him wolde. "� wit �tsomne on s wron 545 "ff nihta fyrst, o� ��t unc fld tdrf, "wado weallende, wedera cealdost, "npende niht and nor�an wind "hea�o-grim andhwearf; hro wron y�a, "W�s mere-fixa md onhrred: 550 "�r m wi� l�um lc-syrce mn, "heard hond-locen, helpe gefremede; "beado-hr�gl brden on brostum l�g, "golde gegyrwed. M t grunde tah "fh fond-sca�a, f�ste h�fde 555 "grim on grpe: hw��re m gyfe�e wear�, "��t ic glcan orde gerhte, "hilde-bille; hea�o-rs fornam "mihtig mere-dor �urh mne hand.\nX. BOWULF'S CONTEST WITH BRECA.-THE FEAST.\n"Sw mec gelme l�-getonan 560 "�ratedon �earle. Ic him �node "doran sweorde, sw hit gedfe w�s; "n�s he �re fylle gefan h�fdon, "mn-forddlan, ��t he m �gon, "symbel ymb-ston s-grunde nah, 565 "ac on mergenne mcum wunde "be y�-lfe uppe lgon, "sweordum swefede, ��t sy��an n "ymb brontne ford brim-l�ende "lde ne letton. Loht astan cm, 570 "beorht bacen godes; brimu swa�redon, "��t ic s-n�ssas geson mihte, "windige weallas. Wyrd oft nere� "unfgne eorl, �onne his ellen dah! "Hw��ere m geslde, ��t ic mid sweorde ofslh 575 "niceras nigene. N ic on niht gefr�gn "under heofones hwealf heardran feohtan, "n on g-stramum earmran mannan; "hw��ere ic fra feng fore gedgde, "si�es wrig. � mec s o�b�r, 580 "fld �fter faro�e, on Finna land, "wadu weallendu. N ic wiht fram � "swylcra searo-n�a secgan hyrde, "billa brgan: Breca nfre gt "�t hea�o-lce, n gehw��er incer 585 "sw dorlce dd gefremede "fgum sweordum . . . . . . . ". . . . . . . n ic ��s gylpe; "�ah � �num br�rum t banan wurde, "hafod-mgum; ��s � in helle scealt 590 "werh�o drogan, �ah �n wit duge, "Secge ic � t s�e, sunu Ecglfes, "��t nfre Grendel sw fela gryra gefremede, "atol glca ealdre �num, "hyn�o on Heorote, gif �n hige wre, 595 "sefa sw searo-grim, sw � self talast. "Ac h hafa� onfunden, ��t h � fh�e ne �earf, "atole ecg-�r�ce ower lode "sw�e onsittan, Sige-Scyldinga; "nyme� nyd-bde, nnegum ra� 600 "lode Deniga, ac h on lust wge�, "swefe� ond sende�, secce ne wne� "t Gr-Denum. Ac him Gata sceal "eafo� and ellen ungera n "g�e gebodan. G� eft s �e mt 605 "t medo mdig, si��an morgen-loht "ofer ylda bearn �res dgores, "sunne swegl-wered s�an scne�!" � w�s on slum sinces brytta gamol-feax and g�-rf, goce gelyfde 610 brego Beorht-Dena; gehyrde on Bowulfe folces hyrde f�st-rdne ge�ht. �r w�s h�le�a hleahtor; hlyn swynsode, word wron wynsume. ode Wealh�ow for�, cwn Hr�gres, cynna gemyndig, 615 grtte gold-hroden guman on healle, and � frolc wf ful gesealde rest ast-Dena �el-wearde, b�d hine bl�ne �t �re bor-�ege, lodum lofne; h on lust ge�eah 620 symbel and sele-ful, sige-rf kyning. Ymb-ode � ides Helminga dugu�e and geogo�e dl ghwylcne; sinc-fato sealde, o� ��t sl lamp, ��t ho Bowulfe, bag-hroden cwn, 625 mde ge�ungen, medo-ful �tb�r; grtte Gata lod, gode �ancode ws-f�st wordum, ��s �e hire se willa gelamp, ��t ho on nigne eorl gelyfde fyrena frfre. H ��t ful ge�eah, 630 w�l-row wiga �t Wealh�on, and � gyddode g�e gefysed, Bowulf ma�elode, bearn Ecg�owes: "Ic ��t hogode, � ic on holm gesth, "s-bt ges�t mid mnra secga gedriht, 635 "��t ic nunga owra loda "willan geworhte, o��e on w�l crunge, "fond-grpum f�st. Ic gefremman sceal "eorlc ellen, o��e ende-d�g "on �isse meodu-healle mnne gebdan." 640 �m wfe � word wl lcodon, gilp-cwide Gates; ode gold-hroden frolcu folc-cwn t hire fran sittan. � w�s eft sw r inne on healle �ry�-word sprecen, �od on slum, 645 sige-folca swg, o� ��t semninga sunu Healfdenes scean wolde fen-r�ste; wiste �t �m hlcan t �m hah-sele hilde ge�inged, si��an he sunnan loht geson ne meahton, 650 o��e npende niht ofer ealle, scadu-helma gesceapu scr�an cwman, wan under wolcnum. Werod eall rs. Grtte � giddum guma �erne, Hr�gr Bowulf, and him hl bad, 655 wn-�rnes geweald and ��t word cw��: "Nfre ic negum men r lyfde, "si��an ic hond and rond hebban mihte, "�ry�-�rn Dena bton � n �. "Hafa n and geheald hsa slest; 660 "gemyne mr�o, m�gen-ellen cy�, "waca wi� wr�um! Ne bi� � wilna gd, "gif � ��t ellen-weorc aldre gedgest."\n� him Hr�gr gewt mid his h�le�a gedryht, eodur Scyldinga t of healle; 665 wolde wg-fruma Wealh�o scan, cwn t gebeddan H�fde kyninga wuldor Grendle t-ganes, sw guman gefrungon, sele-weard seted, sundor-nytte behold ymb aldor Dena, eoton weard bad; 670 hru Gata lod georne truwode mdgan m�gnes, metodes hyldo. � h him of dyde sern-byrnan, helm of hafelan, sealde his hyrsted sweord, rena cyst ombiht-�egne, 675 and gehealdan ht hilde-geatwe. Gespr�c � se gda gylp-worda sum Bowulf Gata, r h on bed stige: "N ic m an here-wsmum hngran talige "g�-geweorca, �onne Grendel hine; 680 "for�an ic hine sweorde swebban nelle, "aldre benotan, �ah ic eal mge. "Nt h �ra gda, ��t h m on-gan sla, "rand gehawe, �ah �e h rf se "n�-geweorca; ac wit on niht sculon 685 "secge ofersittan, gif h gescean dear "wg ofer wpen, and si��an wtig god "on sw hw��ere hond hlig dryhten "mr�o dme, sw him gemet �ince." Hylde hine � hea�o-dor, hlor-bolster onfng 690 eorles andwlitan; and hine ymb monig snellc s-rinc sele-reste gebah. Nnig heora �hte ��t h �anon scolde eft eard-lufan fre gescean, folc o��e fro-burh, �r h fded w�s, 695 ac he h�fdon gefrnen, ��t he r t fela micles in �m wn-sele w�l-da� fornam, Denigea lode. Ac him dryhten forgeaf wg-spda gewiofu, Wedera lodum frfor and fultum, ��t he fond heora 700 �urh nes cr�ft ealle ofercmon, selfes mihtum: s� is gecy�ed, ��t mihtig god manna cynnes wold wde-ferh�. Cm on wanre niht scr�an sceadu-genga. Scotend swfon, 705 � ��t horn-reced healdan scoldon, ealle bton num. ��t w�s yldum c�, ��t he ne mste, � metod nolde, se syn-sca�a under sceadu bregdan; ac h w�ccende wr�um on andan 710 bd bolgen-md beadwa ge�inges.\nXII. GRENDEL'S RAID.\n� cm of mre under mist-hleo�um Grendel gongan, godes yrre b�r. Mynte se mn-sca�a manna cynnes sumne besyrwan in sele �m han; 715 wd under wolcnum, t ��s �e h wn-reced, gold-sele gumena, gearwost wisse fttum fhne. Ne w�s ��t forma s�, ��t h Hr�gres hm geshte: nfre h on aldor-dagum r n si��an 720 heardran h�le, heal-�egnas fand! Cm � t recede rinc s�ian dramum bedled. Duru sna onarn fyr-bendum f�st, sy��an h hire folmum hrn; onbr�d � bealo-hydig, � h bolgen w�s, 725 recedes m�an. Ra�e �fter �on on fgne flr fond treddode, ode yrre-md; him of agum std lge gelcost loht unfger. Geseah h in recede rinca manige, 730 swefan sibbe-gedriht samod �tg�dere, mago-rinca hap: � his md hlg, mynte ��t h gedlde, r �on d�g cwme, atol glca, nra gehwylces lf wi� lce, � him lumpen w�s 735 wist-fylle wn. Ne w�s ��t wyrd � gn, ��t h m mste manna cynnes �icgean ofer � niht. �ry�-swy� behold mg Higelces, h se mn-sca�a under fr-gripum gefaran wolde. 740 N ��t se glca yldan �hte, ac h gefng hra�e forman si�e slpendne rinc, slt unwearnum, bt bn-locan, bld drum dranc, syn-sndum swealh: sna h�fde 745 unlyfigendes eal gefeormod ft and folma. For� nar �tstp, nam � mid handa hige-�htigne rinc on r�ste; rhte ongan fond mid folme, h onfng hra�e 750 inwit-�ancum and wi� earm ges�t. Sna ��t onfunde fyrena hyrde, ��t h ne mtte middan-geardes eor�an scata on elran men mund-gripe mran: h on mde wear� 755 forht on ferh�e, n �y r fram meahte; hyge w�s him hin-fs, wolde on heolster flon, scan dofla gedr�g: ne w�s his drohto� �r, swylce h on ealder-dagum r gemtte. Gemunde � se gda mg Higelces 760 fen-sprce, up-lang std and him f�ste wi�fng. Fingras burston; eoten w�s t-weard, eorl fur�ur stp. Mynte se mra, �r h meahte sw, wdre gewindan and on weg �anon 765 flon on fen-hopu; wiste his fingra geweald on grames grpum. ��t w�s gocor s�, ��t se hearm-sca�a t Heorute tah: dryht-sele dynede, Denum eallum wear�, ceaster-bendum, cnra gehwylcum, 770 eorlum ealu-scerwen. Yrre wron bgen, r�e rn-weardas. Reced hlynsode; � w�s wundor micel, ��t se wn-sele wi�h�fde hea�o-dorum, ��t h on hrsan ne fol, fger fold-bold; ac h ��s f�ste w�s 775 innan and tan ren-bendum searo-�oncum besmi�od. �r fram sylle bag medu-benc monig mne gefrge, golde geregnad, �r � graman wunnon; ��s ne wndon r witan Scyldinga, 780 ��t hit mid gemete manna nig betlc and bn-fg tbrecan meahte, listum tlcan, nym�e lges f��m swulge on swa�ule. Swg up stg nwe geneahhe; Nor�-Denum std 785 atelc egesa nra gehwylcum �ra �e of wealle wp gehyrdon, gryre-lo� galan godes andsacan, sige-lasne sang, sr wnigean helle h�ftan. Hold hine t f�ste 790 s �e manna w�s m�gene strengest on �m d�ge �ysses lfes.\nXIII. BOWULF TEARS OFF GRENDEL'S ARM.\nNolde eorla hlo nige �inga �one cwealm-cuman cwicne forltan, n his lf-dagas loda nigum 795 nytte tealde. �r genehost br�gd eorl Bowulfes ealde lfe, wolde fra-drihtnes feorh ealgian mres �odnes, �r he meahton sw; he ��t ne wiston, � he gewin drugon, 800 heard-hicgende hilde-mecgas, and on healfa gehwone hawan �hton, swle scan, ��t �one syn-sca�an nig ofer eor�an renna cyst, g�-billa nn grtan nolde; 805 ac h sige-wpnum forsworen h�fde, ecga gehwylcre. Scolde his aldor-gedl on �m d�ge �ysses lfes earmlc wur�an and se ellor-gst on fonda geweald feor s�ian. 810 � ��t onfunde s �e fela ror mdes myr�e manna cynne fyrene gefremede (h w�s fg wi� god) ��t him se lc-homa lstan nolde, ac hine se mdega mg Hygelces 815 h�fde be honda; w�s gehw��er �rum lifigende l�. Lc-sr gebd atol glca, him on eaxle wear� syn-dolh sweotol, seonowe onsprungon burston bn-locan. Bowulfe wear� 820 g�-hr� gyfe�e; scolde Grendel �onan feorh-soc flon under fen-hleo�u, scean wyn-las wc; wiste � geornor, ��t his aldres w�s ende gegongen, dgera d�g-rm. Denum eallum wear� 825 �fter �m w�l-rse willa gelumpen. H�fde � geflsod, s �e r feorran cm, snotor and swy�-ferh� sele Hr�gres, genered wi� n�e. Niht-weorce gefeh, ellen-mr�um; h�fde ast-Denum 830 Gat-mecga lod gilp gelsted, swylce oncy��e ealle gebtte, inwid-sorge, � he r drugon and for �ra-nydum �olian scoldon, torn unlytel. ��t w�s tcen sweotol, 835 sy��an hilde-dor hond legde, earm and eaxle (�r w�s eal geador Grendles grpe) under gapne hrf.\nXIV. THE JOY AT HEOROT.\n� w�s on morgen mne gefrge ymb � gif-healle g�-rinc monig: 840 frdon folc-togan feorran and nan geond wd-wegas wundor scawian, l�es lstas. N his lf-gedl srlc �hte secga negum, �ra �e tr-lases trode scawode, 845 h h wrig-md on weg �anon, n�a ofercumen, on nicera mere fge and geflymed feorh-lstas b�r. �r w�s on blde brim weallende, atol y�a geswing eal gemenged 850 htan heolfre, heoro-drore wol; da�-fge dog, si��an drama las in fen-freo�o feorh legde h�ene swle, �r him hel onfng. �anon eft gewiton eald-ges�as, 855 swylce geong manig of gomen-w�e, fram mere mdge, marum rdan, beornas on blancum. �r w�s Bowulfes mr�o mned; monig oft gecw��, ��tte s� n nor� be sm tweonum 860 ofer eormen-grund �er nnig under swegles begong slra nre rond-h�bbendra, rces wyr�ra. N he hru wine-drihten wiht ne lgon, gl�dne Hr�gr, ac ��t w�s gd cyning. 865 Hwlum hea�o-rfe hlapan lton, on geflt faran fealwe maras, �r him fold-wegas f�gere �hton, cystum c�e; hwlum cyninges �egn, guma gilp-hl�den gidda gemyndig, 870 s �e eal-fela eald-gesegena worn gemunde, word �er fand s�e gebunden: secg eft ongan s� Bowulfes snyttrum styrian and on spd wrecan spel gerde, 875 wordum wrixlan, wl-hwylc gecw��, ��t h fram Sigemunde secgan hyrde, ellen-ddum, unc�es fela, W�lsinges gewin, wde s�as, �ra �e gumena bearn gearwe ne wiston, 880 fh�e and fyrene, bton Fitela mid hine, �onne h swylces hw�t secgan wolde am his nefan, sw he wron �t n�a gehwm nyd-gesteallan: h�fdon eal-fela eotena cynnes 885 sweordum gesged. Sigemunde gesprong �fter da�-d�ge dm unlytel, sy��an wges heard wyrm cwealde, hordes hyrde; h under hrne stn, ��elinges bearn, na gen�de 890 frcne dde; ne w�s him Fitela mid. Hw��re him geslde, ��t ��t swurd �urhwd wrtlcne wyrm, ��t hit on wealle �tstd, dryhtlc ren; draca mor�re swealt. H�fde glca elne gegongen, 895 ��t h bah-hordes brcan mste selfes dme: s-bt gehld, b�r on bearm scipes beorhte fr�twa, W�lses eafera; wyrm ht gemealt. S w�s wreccena wde mrost 900 ofer wer-�ode, wgendra hlo ellen-ddum: h ��s ron �h. Si��an Heremdes hild swe�rode eafo� and ellen. H mid eotenum wear� on fonda geweald for� forlcen, 905 snde forsended. Hine sorh-wylmas lemede t lange, h his lodum wear�, eallum ��elingum t aldor-ceare; swylce oft bemearn rran mlum sw�-ferh�es s� snotor ceorl monig, 910 s �e him bealwa t bte gelyfde, ��t ��t �odnes bearn ge�on scolde, f�der-��elum onfn, folc gehealdan, hord and hlo-burh, h�le�a rce, �el Scyldinga. H �r eallum wear�, 915 mg Higelces manna cynne, frondum gef�gra; hine fyren onwd.\nHwlum fltende fealwe strte marum mton. � w�s morgen-loht scofen and scynded. ode scealc monig 920 sw�-hicgende t sele �m han, searo-wundor son, swylce self cyning, of bryd-bre bah-horda weard, tryddode tr-f�st getrume micle, cystum gecy�ed, and his cwn mid him 925 medo-stg gem�t m�g�a hse.\nXV. HROTHGAR'S GRATULATION.\nHr�gr ma�elode (h t healle gong, std on stapole, geseah stapne hrf golde fhne and Grendles hond): "�isse ansyne al-wealdan �anc 930 "lungre gelimpe! Fela ic l�es gebd, "grynna �t Grendle: m�g god wyrcan "wunder �fter wundre, wuldres hyrde! "��t w�s ungera, ��t ic nigra m "wana ne wnde t wdan feore 935 "bte gebdan �onne blde fh "hsa slest heoro-drorig std; "wa wd-scofen witena gehwylcne "�ra �e ne wndon, ��t he wde-ferh� "loda land-geweorc l�um beweredon 940 "scuccum and scinnum. N scealc hafa� "�urh drihtnes miht dd gefremede, "� w ealle r ne meahton "snyttrum besyrwan. Hw�t! ��t secgan m�g "efne sw hwylc m�g�a, sw �one magan cende 945 "�fter gum-cynnum, gyf ho gyt lyfa�, "��t hyre eald-metod ste wre "bearn-gebyrdo. N ic Bowulf "�ec, secg betsta, m for sunu wylle "frogan on ferh�e; heald for� tela 950 "nwe sibbe. Ne bi� � nnigra gd "worolde wilna, � ic geweald h�bbe. "Ful-oft ic for lssan lan teohhode "hord-weor�unge hnhran rince, "smran �t s�cce. � � self hafast 955 "ddum gefremed, ��t �n dm lyfa� "wa t aldre. Alwalda �ec "gde forgylde, sw h n gyt dyde!" Bowulf ma�elode, bearn Ecg�owes: "W ��t ellen-weorc stum miclum, 960 "feohtan fremedon, frcne gen�don "eafo� unc�es; �e ic sw�or, "��t � hinc selfne geson mste, "fond on fr�tewum fyl-wrigne! "Ic hine hr�dlce heardan clammum 965 "on w�l-bedde wr�an �hte, "��t h for mund-gripe mnum scolde "licgean lf-bysig, btan his lc swice; "ic hine ne mihte, � metod nolde, "ganges getwman, n ic him ��s georne �tfealh, 970 "feorh-gen�lan; w�s t fore-mihtig "fond on f�e. Hw��ere h his folme forlt "t lf-wra�e lst weardian, "earm and eaxle; n �r nige sw �ah "fa-sceaft guma frfre gebohte: 975 "n �y leng leofa� l�-getona "synnum geswenced, ac hyne sr hafa� "in nyd-gripe nearwe befongen, "balwon bendum: �r bdan sceal "maga mne fh miclan dmes, 980 "h him scr metod scrfan wille." � w�s swgra secg, sunu Ecglfes, on gylp-sprce g�-geweorca, si��an ��elingas eorles cr�fte ofer hahne hrf hand scawedon, 985 fondes fingras, foran ghwylc; w�s stde n�gla gehwylc, style gelcost, h�enes hand-sporu hilde-rinces egle unhoru; g-hwylc gecw��, ��t him heardra nn hrnan wolde 990 ren r-gd, ��t ��s hlcan bldge beadu-folme onberan wolde.\nXVI. THE BANQUET AND THE GIFTS.\n� w�s hten hre�e Heort innan-weard folmum gefr�twod: fela �ra w�s wera and wfa, � ��t wn-reced, 995 gest-sele gyredon. Gold-fg scinon web �fter wgum, wundor-sona fela secga gehwylcum �ra �e on swylc stara� W�s ��t beorhte bold tbrocen sw�e eal inne-weard ren-bendum f�st, 1000 heorras thlidene; hrf na gen�s ealles ansund, � se glca fyren-ddum fg on flam gewand, aldres or-wna. N ��t y�e by� t beflonne (fremme s �e wille!) 1005 ac gesacan sceal swl-berendra nyde genydde ni��a bearna grund-bendra gearwe stwe, �r his lc-homa leger-bedde f�st swefe� �fter symle. � w�s sl and ml, 1010 ��t t healle gang Healfdenes sunu; wolde self cyning symbel �icgan. Ne gefr�gen ic � mg�e mran weorode ymb hyra sinc-gyfan sl gebran. Bugon � t bence bld-gende, 1015 fylle gefgon. F�gere ge�gon medo-ful manig mgas �ra sw�-hicgende on sele �m han, Hr�gr and Hr�ulf. Heorot innan w�s frondum fylled; nalles fcen-stafas 1020 �od-Scyldingas �enden fremedon. Forgeaf � Bowulfe bearn Healfdenes segen gyldenne sigores t lane, hroden hilte-cumbor, helm and byrnan; mre m��um-sweord manige geswon 1025 beforan beorn beran. Bowulf ge�ah ful on flette; n h �re feoh-gyfte for scotendum scamigan �orfte, ne gefr�gn ic frondlcor fower mdmas golde gegyrede gum-manna fela 1030 in ealo-bence �rum gesellan. Ymb ��s helmes hrf hafod-beorge wrum bewunden walan tan hold, ��t him fla lfe frcne ne meahton scr-heard sce��an, �onne scyld-freca 1035 ongan gramum gangan scolde. Heht � eorla hlo eahta maras, fted-hlore, on flet ton in under eoderas; �ra num std sadol searwum fh since gewur�ad, 1040 ��t w�s hilde-setl hah-cyninges, �onne sweorda gelc sunu Healfdenes efnan wolde; nfre on re l�g wd-c�es wg, �onne walu follon. And � Bowulfe bga gehw��res 1045 eodor Ingwina onweald getah, wicga and wpna; ht hine wl brcan. Sw manlce mre �oden, hord-weard h�le�a hea�o-rsas geald marum and mdmum, sw hy nfre man lyh�, 1050 s �e secgan wile s� �fter rihte.\nXVII. SONG OF HROTHGAR'S POET-THE LAY OF HNAEF AND HENGEST.\n� gyt ghwylcum eorla drihten �ra �e mid Bowulfe brim-lde tah, on �re medu-bence m��um gesealde, yrfe-lfe, and �one nne heht 1055 golde forgyldan, �one �e Grendel r mne cwealde, sw h hyra m wolde, nefne him wtig god wyrd forstde and ��s mannes md: metod eallum wold gumena cynnes, sw h n gt d�; 1060 for�an bi� andgit ghwr slest, ferh�es fore-�anc! fela sceal gebdan lofes and l�es, s �e longe hr on �yssum win-dagum worolde brce�. �r w�s sang and swg samod �tg�dere 1065 fore Healfdenes hilde-wsan, gomen-wudu grted, gid oft wrecen, �onne heal-gamen Hr�gres scop �fter medo-bence mnan scolde Finnes eaferum, � he se fr begeat: 1070 "H�le� Healfdenes, Hn�f Scyldinga, "in Fr..es w�le feallan scolde. "N hru Hildeburh herian �orfte "Eotena trowe: unsynnum wear� "beloren lofum �t �m lind-plegan 1075 "bearnum and br�rum; he on gebyrd hruron "gre wunde; ��t w�s gemuru ides. "Nalles hlinga Hces dhtor "meotod-sceaft bemearn, sy��an morgen cm, "� ho under swegle geson meahte 1080 "mor�or-bealo mga, �r ho r mste hold "worolde wynne: wg ealle fornam "Finnes �egnas, nemne faum num, "��t h ne mehte on �m me�el-stede "wg Hengeste wiht gefeohtan, 1085 "n � wa-lfe wge for�ringan "�odnes �egne; ac hig him ge�ingo budon, "��t he him �er flet eal gerymdon, "healle and hah-setl, ��t he healfre geweald "wi� Eotena bearn gan mston, 1090 "and �t feoh-gyftum Folcwaldan sunu "dgra gehwylce Dene weor�ode, "Hengestes hap hringum wenede, "efne sw sw�e sinc-gestronum "fttan goldes, sw h Frsena cyn 1095 "on bor-sele byldan wolde. "� he getruwedon on tw healfa "f�ste frio�u-wre; Fin Hengeste "elne unflitme �um benemde, "��t h � wa-lfe weotena dme 1100 "rum heolde, ��t �r nig mon "wordum n worcum wre ne brce, "n �urh inwit-searo fre gemnden, "�ah he hira bag-gyfan banan folgedon "�oden-lase, � him sw ge�earfod w�s: 1105 "gyf �onne Frysna hwylc frcnan sprce "��s mor�or-hetes myndgiend wre, "�onne hit sweordes ecg sy��an scolde. "� w�s ge�fned and icge gold "h�fen of horde. Here-Scyldinga 1110 "betst beado-rinca w�s on bl gearu; "�t �m de w�s �-gesyne "swt-fh syrce, swyn eal-gylden, "eofer ren-heard, ��eling manig "wundum wyrded; sume on w�le crungon. 1115 "Ht � Hildeburh �t Hn�fes de "hire selfre sunu sweolo�e bef�stan, "bn-fatu b�rnan and on bl dn. "Earme on eaxle ides gnornode, "gemrode giddum; g�-rinc sth. 1120 "Wand t wolcnum w�l-fyra mst, "hlynode for hlwe; hafelan multon, "ben-geato burston, �onne bld �tspranc "l�-bite lces. Lg ealle forswealg, "gsta gfrost, �ra �e �r g� fornam 1125 "bga folces; w�s hira bld scacen.\nXVIII. THE GLEEMAN'S TALE IS ENDED.\n"Gewiton him � wgend wca nosian, "frondum befeallen Frysland geson, "hmas and ha-burh. Hengest � gyt "w�l-fgne winter wunode mid Finne 1130 "ealles unhlitme; eard gemunde, "�ah �e h ne meahte on mere drfan "hringed-stefnan; holm storme wol, "won wi� winde; winter y�e belac "s-gebinde o� ��t �er cm 1135 "ger in geardas, sw n gyt d�, "� �e syngales sle bewitia�, "wuldor-torhtan weder. � w�s winter scacen, "f�ger foldan bearm; fundode wrecca, "gist of geardum; h t gyrn-wr�ce 1140 "sw�or �hte, �onne t s-lde, "gif h torn-gemt �urhton mihte, "��t h Eotena bearn inne gemunde. "Sw h ne forwyrnde worold-rdenne, "�onne him Hnlfing hilde-loman, 1145 "billa slest, on bearm dyde: "��s wron mid Eotenum ecge c�e. "Swylce ferh�-frecan Fin eft begeat "sweord-bealo sl�en �t his selfes hm, "si��an grimne gripe G�laf ond slf 1150 "�fter s-si�e sorge mndon, "�twiton wana dl; ne meahte wfre md "forhabban in hre�re. � w�s heal hroden "fonda forum, swilce Fin sl�gen, "cyning on cor�re, and so cwn numen. 1155 "Scotend Scyldinga t scypum feredon "eal in-gesteald eor�-cyninges, "swylce he �t Finnes hm findan meahton "sigla searo-gimma. He on s-lde "drihtlce wf t Denum feredon, 1160 "lddon t lodum." Lo� w�s sungen, glo-mannes gyd. Gamen eft sth, beorhtode benc-swg, byrelas sealdon wn of wunder-fatum. � cwm Wealh�o for� gn under gyldnum bage, �r � gdan twgen 1165 ston suhter-gef�deran; � gyt w�s hiera sib �tg�dere ghwylc �rum trywe. Swylce �r Unfer� �yle �t ftum s�t fran Scyldinga: gehwylc hiora his ferh�e trowde, ��t h h�fde md micel, �ah �e h his mgum nre rf�st �t ecga gelcum. Spr�c � ides Scyldinga: 1170 "Onfh �issum fulle, fro-drihten mn, "sinces brytta; � on slum wes, "gold-wine gumena, and t Gatum sprec "mildum wordum! Sw sceal man dn. "Bo wi� Gatas gl�d, geofena gemyndig; 1175 "nan and feorran � n fri�u hafast. "M man s�gde, ��t � � for sunu wolde "here-rinc habban. Heorot is geflsod, "bah-sele beorhta; brc �enden � mte "manigra mda and �num mgum lf 1180 "folc and rce, �onne � for� scyle "metod-sceaft son. Ic mnne can "gl�dne Hr�ulf, ��t h � geogo�e wile "rum healdan, gyf � r �onne h, "wine Scildinga, worold ofltest; 1185 "wne ic, ��t h mid gde gyldan wille "uncran eaferan, gif h ��t eal gemon, "hw�t wit t willan and t wor�-myndum "umbor wesendum r rna gefremedon." Hwearf � b bence, �r hyre byre wron, 1190 Hr�rc and Hr�mund, and h�le�a bearn, giogo� �tg�dere; �r se gda s�t Bowulf Gata be �m gebr�rum twm.\nXIX. BOWULF'S JEWELLED COLLAR. THE HEROES REST.\nHim w�s ful boren and frond-la�u wordum bew�gned and wunden gold 1195 stum geawed, earm-hrade tw, hr�gl and hringas, heals-baga mst �ra �e ic on foldan gefr�gen h�bbe. Nnigne ic under swegle slran hyrde hord-m��um h�le�a, sy��an Hma �tw�g 1200 t �re byrhtan byrig Brsinga mene, sigle and sinc-f�t, searo-n�as fealh Eormenrces, gecas cne rd. �one hring h�fde Higelc Gata, nefa Swertinges, nyhstan s�e, 1205 si��an h under segne sinc ealgode, w�l-raf werede; hyne Wyrd fornam, sy��an h for wlenco wan hsode, fh�e t Frysum; h � fr�twe w�g, eorclan-stnas ofer y�a ful, 1210 rce �oden, h under rande gecranc; gehwearf � in Francna f��m feorh cyninges, brost-gewdu and se bah somod: wyrsan wg-frecan w�l rafedon �fter g�-sceare, Gata lode 1215 hre-wc holdon. Heal swge onfng. Wealh�o ma�elode, ho fore �m werede spr�c: "Brc �isses bages, Bowulf, lofa "hyse, mid hle, and �isses hr�gles not "�od-gestrona, and ge�oh tela, 1220 "cen �ec mid cr�fte and �yssum cnyhtum wes "lra l�e! ic � ��s lan geman. "Hafast � gefred, ��t � feor and nah "ealne wde-ferh� weras ehtiga�, "efne sw sde sw s bebge� 1225 "windige weallas. Wes, �enden � lifige, "��eling adig! ic � an tela "sinc-gestrona. Bo � suna mnum "ddum gedfe dram healdende! "Hr is ghwylc eorl �rum getrywe, 1230 "mdes milde, man-drihtne hold, "�egnas syndon ge�wre, �od eal gearo: "druncne dryht-guman, d� sw ic bidde!" ode � t setle. �r w�s symbla cyst, druncon wn weras: wyrd ne c�on, 1235 ge-sceaft grimme, sw hit gangen wear� eorla manegum, sy��an fen cwm and him Hr�gr gewt t hofe snum, rce t r�ste. Reced weardode unrm eorla, sw he oft r dydon: 1240 benc-�elu beredon, hit geond-brded wear� beddum and bolstrum. Bor-scealca sum fs and fge flet-r�ste gebag. Setton him t hafdum hilde-randas, bord-wudu beorhtan; �r on bence w�s 1245 ofer ��elinge y�-gesne hea�o-stapa helm, hringed byrne, �rec-wudu �rymlc. W�s �aw hyra, ��t he oft wron an wg gearwe, g �t hm g on herge, g gehw��er �ra 1250 efne swylce mla, swylce hira man-dryhtne �earf geslde; w�s so �od tilu.\nXX. GRENDEL'S MOTHER ATTACKS THE RING-DANES.\nSigon � t slpe. Sum sre angeald fen-r�ste, sw him ful-oft gelamp, si��an gold-sele Grendel warode, 1255 unriht �fnde, o� ��t ende becwm, swylt �fter synnum. ��t gesyne wear�, wd-c� werum, ��tte wrecend � gyt lifde �fter l�um, lange �rge �fter g�-ceare; Grendles mdor, 1260 ides glc-wf yrm�e gemunde, s �e w�ter-egesan wunian scolde, cealde stramas, si��an Cain wear� t ecg-banan ngan br�er, f�deren-mge; h � fg gewt, 1265 mor�re gemearcod man-dram flon, wsten warode. �anon wc fela gesceaft-gsta; w�s �ra Grendel sum, heoro-wearh hetelc, s �t Heorote fand w�ccendne wer wges bdan, 1270 �r him glca �t-grpe wear�; hw��re h gemunde m�genes strenge, gim-f�ste gife, � him god sealde, and him t anwaldan re gelyfde, frfre and fultum: �y h �one fond ofercwm, 1275 gehngde helle gst: � h han gewt, drame bedled da�-wc son, man-cynnes fond. And his mdor � gyt gfre and galg-md gegn wolde sorh-fulne s�, suna da� wrecan. 1280 Cm � t Heorote, �r Hring-Dene geond ��t s�ld swfun. � �r sna wear� ed-hwyrft eorlum, si��an inne fealh Grendles mdor; w�s se gryre lssa efne sw micle, sw bi� m�g�a cr�ft, 1285 wg-gryre wfes be wpned-men, �onne heoru bunden, hamere ge�uren, sweord swte fh swn ofer helme, ecgum dyhtig andweard scire�. � w�s on healle heard-ecg togen, 1290 sweord ofer setlum, sd-rand manig hafen handa f�st; helm ne gemunde, byrnan sde, �e hine se brga angeat. Ho w�s on ofste, wolde t �anon fore beorgan, � ho onfunden w�s; 1295 hra�e ho ��elinga nne h�fde f�ste befangen, � ho t fenne gang; s w�s Hr�gre h�le�a lofost on ges�es hd be sm tweonum, rce rand-wiga, �one �e ho on r�ste brat, 1300 bld-f�stne beorn. N�s Bowulf �r, ac w�s �er in r geteohhod �fter m��um-gife mrum Gate. Hram wear� on Heorote. Ho under heolfre genam c�e folme; cearu w�s genwod 1305 geworden in wcum: ne w�s ��t gewrixle til, ��t he on b healfa bicgan scoldon fronda forum. � w�s frd cyning, hr hilde-rinc, on hron mde, sy��an h aldor-�egn unlyfigendne, 1310 �one dorestan dadne wisse. Hra�e w�s t bre Bowulf fetod, sigor-adig secg. Samod r-d�ge ode eorla sum, ��ele cempa self mid ges�um, �r se snottra bd, 1315 hw��re him al-walda fre wille �fter wa-spelle wyrpe gefremman. Gang � �fter flre fyrd-wyr�e man mid his hand-scale (heal-wudu dynede) ��t h �one wsan wordum hngde 1320 fran Ingwina; fr�gn gif him wre �fter nod-la�u niht getse.\nXXI. SORROW AT HEOROT: AESCHERE'S DEATH\nHr�gr ma�elode, helm Scildinga: "Ne frn � �fter slum! Sorh is genwod "Denigea lodum. Dad is �sc-here, 1325 "Yrmenlfes yldra br�or, "mn rn-wita and mn rd-bora, "eaxl-gestealla, �onne w on orlege "hafelan weredon, �onne hniton f�an, "eoferas cnysedan; swylc scolde eorl wesan 1330 "��eling r-gd, swylc �sc-here w�s. "Wear� him on Heorote t hand-banan "w�l-gst wfre; ic ne wt hw�der "atol se wlanc eft-s�as tah, "fylle gefrgnod. Ho � fh�e wr�c, 1335 "� � gystran niht Grendel cwealdest "�urh hstne hd heardum clammum, "for�an h t lange lode mne "wanode and wyrde. H �t wge gecrang "ealdres scyldig, and n �er cwm 1340 "mihtig mn-sca�a, wolde hyre mg wrecan, "g feor hafa� fh�e gestled, "��s �e �incean m�g �egne monegum, "s �e �fter sinc-gyfan on sefan grote�, "hre�er-bealo hearde; n so hand lige�, 1345 "s �e ow wl-hwylcra wilna dohte. "Ic ��t lond-bend lode mne "sele-rdende secgan hyrde, "��t he geswon swylce twgen "micle mearc-stapan mras healdan, 1350 "ellor-gstas: �ra �er w�s, "��s �e he gewislcost gewitan meahton, "idese onlcnes, �er earm-sceapen "on weres w�stmum wr�c-lstas tr�d, "n�fne h w�s mra �onne nig man �er, 1355 "�one on ger-dagum Grendel nemdon "fold-bende: n he f�der cunnon, "hw��er him nig w�s r cenned "dyrnra gsta. He dygel lond "warigea�, wulf-hleo�u, windige n�ssas, 1360 "frcne fen-geld, �r fyrgen-stram "under n�ssa genipu ni�er gewte�, "fld under foldan; nis ��t feor heonon "ml-gemearces, ��t se mere stande�, "ofer �m hongia� hrmge bearwas, 1365 "wudu wyrtum f�st, w�ter oferhelma�. "�r m�g nihta gehwm n�-wundor son, "fyr on flde; n ��s frd leofa� "gumena bearna, ��t �one grund wite; "�ah �e h�-stapa hundum geswenced, 1370 "heorot hornum trum holt-wudu sce, "feorran geflymed, r h feorh sele�, "aldor on fre, r h in wille, "hafelan hydan. Nis ��t horu stw: "�onon y�-geblond up stge� 1375 "won t wolcnum, �onne wind styre� "l� gewidru, o� ��t lyft drysma�, "roderas rota�. N is rd gelang "eft �t � num! Eard gt ne const, "frcne stwe, �r � findan miht 1380 "sinnigne secg: sc gif � dyrre! "Ic � � fh�e fo lanige, "eald-gestronum, sw ic r dyde, "wundnum golde, gyf � on weg cymest."\nXXII. BOWULF SEEKS THE MONSTER IN THE HAUNTS OF THE NIXIES.\nBowulf ma�elode, bearn Ecg�owes: 1385 "Ne sorga, snotor guma! slre bi� ghwm, "��t h his frond wrece, �onne h fela murne; "re ghwylc sceal ende gebdan "worolde lfes; wyrce s �e mte "dmes r da�e! ��t bi� driht-guman 1390 "unlifgendum �fter slest. "rs, rces weard; uton hra�e fran, "Grendles mgan gang scawigan! "Ic hit � gehte: n h on helm losa�, "n on foldan f��m, n on fyrgen-holt, 1395 "n on gyfenes grund, g �r h wille. "�ys dgor � ge�yld hafa "wana gehwylces, sw ic � wne t!" hlop � se gomela, gode �ancode, mihtigan drihtne, ��s se man gespr�c. 1400 � w�s Hr�gre hors gebted, wicg wunden-feax. Wsa fengel geatolc gengde; gum-f�a stp lind-h�bbendra. Lstas wron �fter wald-swa�um wde gesyne, 1405 gang ofer grundas; gegnum fr � ofer myrcan mr, mago-�egna b�r �one slestan swol-lasne, �ra �e mid Hr�gre hm eahtode. Ofer-ode � ��elinga bearn 1410 stap stn-hli�o, stge nearwe, enge n-pa�as, un-c� geld, neowle n�ssas, nicor-hsa fela; h fara sum beforan gengde wsra monna, wong scawian, 1415 o� ��t h fringa fyrgen-bamas ofer hrne stn hleonian funde, wyn-lasne wudu; w�ter under std drorig and gedrfed. Denum eallum w�s, winum Scyldinga, weorce on mde, 1420 t ge�olianne �egne monegum, oncy� eorla gehwm, sy��an �sc-heres on �m holm-clife hafelan mtton. Fld blde wol (folc t sgon) htan heolfre. Horn stundum song 1425 fslc fyrd-lo�. F�a eal ges�t; geswon � �fter w�tere wyrm-cynnes fela, sellce s-dracan sund cunnian, swylce on n�s-hleo�um nicras licgean, � on undern-ml oft bewitiga� 1430 sorh-fulne s� on segl-rde, wyrmas and wil-dor; he on weg hruron bitere and gebolgne, bearhtm ongeton, g�-horn galan. Sumne Gata lod of fln-bogan fores getwfde, 1435 y�-gewinnes, ��t him on aldre std here-strl hearda; h on holme w�s sundes � snra, � hyne swylt fornam. Hr��e wear� on y�um mid eofer-sprotum heoro-hcyhtum hearde genearwod, 1440 n�a genged and on n�s togen wundorlc wg-bora; weras scawedon gryrelcne gist. Gyrede hine Bowulf eorl-gewdum, nalles for ealdre mearn: scolde here-byrne hondum gebrden, 1445 sd and searo-fh, sund cunnian, so �e bn-cofan beorgan c�e, ��t him hilde-grp hre�re ne mihte, eorres inwit-feng, aldre gesce��an; ac se hwta helm hafelan werede, 1450 s �e mere-grundas mengan scolde, scan sund-gebland since geweor�ad, befongen fra-wrsnum, sw hine fyrn-dagum worhte wpna smi�, wundrum tode, besette swn-lcum, ��t hine sy��an n 1455 brond n beado-mcas btan ne meahton. N�s ��t �onne mtost m�gen-fultuma, ��t him on �earfe lh �yle Hr�gres; w�s �m h�ft-mce Hrunting nama, ��t w�s n foran eald-gestrona; 1460 ecg w�s ren ter-tarum fh, hyrded hea�o-swte; nfre hit �t hilde ne swc manna ngum �ra �e hit mid mundum bewand, s �e gryre-s�as gegn dorste, folc-stede fra; n�s ��t forma s�, 1465 ��t hit ellen-weorc �fnan scolde. Hru ne gemunde mago Ecglfes eafo�es cr�ftig, ��t h r gespr�c wne druncen, � h ��s wpnes onlh slran sweord-frecan: selfa ne dorste 1470 under y�a gewin aldre gen�an, driht-scype drogan; �r h dme forlas, ellen-mr�um. Ne w�s �m �rum sw, sy��an h hine t g�e gegyred h�fde.\nXXIII. THE BATTLE WITH THE WATER-DRAKE.\nBowulf ma�elode, bearn Ecg�owes: 1475 "ge�enc n, se mra maga Healfdenes, "snottra fengel, n ic eom s�es fs, "gold-wine gumena, hw�t wit ge sprcon, "gif ic �t �earfe �nre scolde "aldre linnan, ��t � m wre 1480 "for�-gewitenum on f�der stle; "wes � mund-bora mnum mago-�egnum, "hond-gesellum, gif mec hild nime: "swylce � � mdmas, � � m sealdest, "Hr�gr lofa, Higelce onsend. 1485 "M�g �onne on �m golde ongitan Gata dryhten, "geson sunu Hr�les, �onne h on ��t sinc stara�, "��t ic gum-cystum gdne funde "baga bryttan, brac �onne mste. "And � Unfer� lt ealde lfe, 1490 "wrtlc wg-sweord wd-c�ne man "heard-ecg habban; ic m mid Hruntinge "dm gewyrce, o��e mec da� nime�." �fter �m wordum Weder-Gata lod efste mid elne, nalas andsware 1495 bdan wolde; brim-wylm onfng hilde-rince. � w�s hwl d�ges, r h �one grund-wong ongytan mehte. Sna ��t onfunde, s �e flda begong heoro-gfre behold hund missra, 1500 grim and grdig, ��t �r gumena sum �l-wihta eard ufan cunnode. Grp � tganes, g�-rinc gefng atolan clommum; n �y r in gescd hlan lce: hring tan ymb-bearh, 1505 ��t ho �one fyrd-hom �urh-fn ne mihte, locene leo�o-syrcan l�an fingrum. B�r � so brim-wylf, � ho t botme cm, hringa �engel t hofe snum, sw h ne mihte n (h ��s mdig w�s) 1510 wpna gewealdan, ac hine wundra ��s fela swencte on sunde, s-dor monig hilde-txum here-syrcan br�c, hton glcan. � se eorl ongeat, ��t h in ni�-sele nt-hwylcum w�s, 1515 �r him nnig w�ter wihte ne sce�ede, n him for hrf-sele hrnan ne mehte fr-gripe fldes: fyr-loht geseah, blcne loman beorhte scnan. Ongeat � se gda grund-wyrgenne, 1520 mere-wf mihtig; m�gen-rs forgeaf hilde-bille, hond swenge ne oftah, ��t hire on hafelan hring-ml gl grdig g�-lo�. � se gist onfand, ��t se beado-loma btan nolde, 1525 aldre sce��an, ac so ecg geswc �odne �t �earfe: �olode r fela hond-gemta, helm oft gesc�r, fges fyrd-hr�gl: ��t w�s forma s� dorum m�me, ��t his dm l�g. 1530 Eft w�s n-rd, nalas elnes l�t, mr�a gemyndig mg Hygelces; wearp � wunden-ml wrttum gebunden yrre retta, ��t hit on eor�an l�g, st� and styl-ecg; strenge getruwode, 1535 mund-gripe m�genes. Sw sceal man dn, �onne h �t g�e gegn �ence� longsumne lof, n ymb his lf ceara�. Gefng � be eaxle (nalas for fh�e mearn) G�-Gata lod Grendles mdor; 1540 br�gd � beadwe heard, � h gebolgen w�s, feorh-gen�lan, ��t ho on flet gebah. Ho him eft hra�e and-lan forgeald grimman grpum and him tganes fng; oferwearp � wrig-md wigena strengest, 1545 f�e-cempa, ��t h on fylle wear�. Ofs�t � �one sele-gyst and hyre seaxe getah, brd and brn-ecg wolde hire bearn wrecan, ngan eaferan. Him on eaxle l�g brost-net brden; ��t gebearh fore, 1550 wi� ord and wi� ecge ingang forstd. H�fde � fors�od sunu Ecg�owes under gynne grund, Gata cempa, nemne him hea�o-byrne helpe gefremede, here-net hearde, and hlig god 1555 gewold wg-sigor, wtig drihten; rodera rdend hit on ryht gescd, y�elce sy��an h eft std.\nXXIV. BOWULF SLAYS THE SPRITE.\nGeseah � on searwum sige-adig bil, eald sweord eotenisc ecgum �yhtig, 1560 wigena weor�-mynd: ��t w�s wpna cyst, bton hit w�s mre �onne nig mon �er t beadu-lce �tberan meahte gd and geatolc gganta geweorc. H gefng � fetel-hilt, freca Scildinga, 1565 hroh and heoro-grim hring-ml gebr�gd, aldres orwna, yrringa slh, ��t hire wi� halse heard grpode, bn-hringas br�c, bil eal �urh-wd fgne flsc-homan, ho on flet gecrong; 1570 sweord w�s swtig, secg weorce gefeh. Lxte se loma, loht inne std, efne sw of hefene hdre scne� rodores candel. H �fter recede wlt, hwearf � be wealle, wpen hafenade 1575 heard be hiltum Higelces �egn, yrre and n-rd. N�s so ecg fracod hilde-rince, ac h hra�e wolde Grendle forgyldan g�-rsa fela �ra �e h geworhte t West-Denum 1580 oftor micle �onne on nne s�, �onne h Hr�gres heor�-genatas slh on sweofote, slpende fr�t folces Denigea fyf-tyne men and �er swylc t of-ferede, 1585 l�lcu lc. H him ��s lan forgeald, r�e cempa, t ��s �e h on r�ste geseah g�-wrigne Grendel licgan, aldor-lasne, sw him r gescd hild �t Heorote; hr wde sprong, 1590 sy��an h �fter da�e drepe �rowade, heoro-sweng heardne, and hine � hafde becearf, Sna ��t geswon snottre ceorlas, � �e mid Hr�gre on holm wliton, ��t w�s y�-geblond eal gemenged, 1595 brim blde fh: blonden-feaxe gomele ymb gdne ongeador sprcon, ��t hig ��s ��elinges eft ne wndon, ��t h sige-hr�ig scean cme mrne �oden; � ��s monige gewear�, 1600 ��t hine so brim-wylf broten h�fde. � cm nn d�ges. N�s ofgafon hwate Scyldingas; gewt him hm �onon gold-wine gumena. Gistas stan, mdes soce, and on mere staredon, 1605 wiston and ne wndon, ��t he heora wine-drihten selfne geswon. � ��t sweord ongan �fter hea�o-swte hilde-gicelum wg-bil wanian; ��t w�s wundra sum, ��t hit eal gemealt se gelcost, 1610 �onne forstes bend f�der onlte�, onwinde� w�l-rpas, s �e geweald hafa� sla and mla; ��t is s� metod. Ne nom h in �m wcum, Weder-Gata lod, m�m-hta m, �h h �r monige geseah, 1615 bton �one hafelan and � hilt somod, since fge; sweord r gemealt, forbarn brden ml: w�s ��t bld t ��s ht, ttren ellor-gst, s �r inne swealt. Sna w�s on sunde, s �e r �t s�cce gebd 1620 wg-hryre wr�ra, w�ter up �urh-daf; wron y�-gebland eal geflsod, acne eardas, � se ellor-gst oflt lf-dagas and �s lnan gesceaft. Cm � t lande lid-manna helm 1625 sw�-md swymman, s-lce gefeah, m�gen-byr�enne �ra �e h him mid h�fde. odon him � tganes, gode �ancodon, �ry�lc �egna hap, �odnes gefgon, ��s �e h hyne gesundne geson mston. 1630 � w�s of �m hrran helm and byrne lungre lysed: lagu drsade, w�ter under wolcnum, w�l-drore fg. Frdon for� �onon f�e-lstum ferh�um f�gne, fold-weg mton, 1635 c�e strte; cyning-balde men from �m holm-clife hafelan bron earfo�lce heora ghw��rum fela-mdigra: fower scoldon on ��m w�l-stenge weorcum geferian 1640 t �m gold-sele Grendles hafod, o� ��t semninga t sele cmon frome fyrd-hwate fower-tyne Gata gongan; gum-dryhten mid mdig on gemonge meodo-wongas tr�d. 1645 � cm in gn ealdor �egna, dd-cne mon dme gewur�ad, h�le hilde-dor. Hr�gr grtan: � w�s be feaxe on flet boren Grendles hafod, �r guman druncon, 1650 egeslc for eorlum and �re idese mid: wlite-son wrtlc weras onswon.\nXXV. HROTHGAR'S GRATITUDE: HE DISCOURSES.\nBowulf ma�elode, bearn Ecg�owes: "Hw�t! w � �s s-lc, sunu Healfdenes, "lod Scyldinga, lustum brhton, 1655 "tres t tcne, � � hr t lcast. "Ic ��t unsfte ealdre gedgde: "wigge under w�tere weorc gen�de "earfo�lce, �t-rihte w�s "g� getwfed, nym�e mec god scylde. 1660 "Ne meahte ic �t hilde mid Hruntinge "wiht gewyrcan, �ah ��t wpen duge, "ac m ge�e ylda waldend, "��t ic on wge geseah wlitig hangian "eald sweord acen (oftost wsode 1665 "winigea lasum) ��t ic �y wpne gebr. "Ofslh � �t �re s�cce (� m sl geald) "hses hyrdas. � ��t hilde-bil "forbarn, brogden ml, sw ��t bld gesprang, "htost hea�o-swta: ic ��t hilt �anan 1670 "fondum �tferede; fyren-dda wr�c, "da�-cwealm Denigea, sw hit gedfe w�s. "Ic hit � �onne gehte, ��t � on Heorote mst "sorh-las swefan mid �nra secga gedryht, "and �egna gehwylc �nra loda, 1675 "dugu�e and iogo�e, ��t � him ondrdan ne �earft, "�oden Scyldinga, on � healfe, "aldor-bealu eorlum, sw � r dydest." � w�s gylden hilt gamelum rince. hrum hild-fruman, on hand gyfen, 1680 enta r-geweorc, hit on ht gehwearf �fter dofla hryre Denigea fran, wundor-smi�a geweorc, and � �s worold ofgeaf grom-heort guma, godes andsaca, mor�res scyldig, and his mdor ac; 1685 on geweald gehwearf worold-cyninga �m slestan be sm twonum �ra �e on Sceden-igge sceattas dlde. Hr�gr ma�elode, hylt scawode, ealde lfe, on �m w�s r writen 1690 fyrn-gewinnes: sy��an fld ofslh, gifen gotende, gganta cyn, frcne gefrdon: ��t w�s fremde �od cean dryhtne, him ��s ende-lan �urh w�teres wylm waldend sealde. 1695 Sw w�s on �m scennum scran goldes �urh rn-stafas rihte gemearcod, geseted and gesd, hwm ��t sweord geworht, rena cyst rest wre, wreo�en-hilt and wyrm-fh. � se wsa spr�c 1700 sunu Healfdenes (swgedon ealle): "��t l m�g secgan, s �e s� and riht "freme� on folce, (feor eal gemon "eald �el-weard), ��t �es eorl wre "geboren betera! Bld is rred 1705 "geond wd-wegas, wine mn Bowulf, "�n ofer �oda gehwylce. Eal � hit ge�yldum healdest, "m�gen mid mdes snyttrum. Ic � sceal mne gelstan "frode, sw wit fur�um sprcon; � scealt t frfre weor�an "eal lang-twidig lodum �num, 1710 "h�le�um t helpe. Ne wear� Heremd sw "eaforum Ecgwelan, r-Scyldingum; "ne gewox h him t willan, ac t w�l-fealle "and t da�-cwalum Deniga lodum; "brat bolgen-md bod-genatas, 1715 "eaxl-gesteallan, o� ��t h na hwearf, "mre �oden. mon-dramum from: "�ah �e hine mihtig god m�genes wynnum, "eafe�um stpte, ofer ealle men "for� gefremede, hw��ere him on ferh�e grow 1720 "brost-hord bld-row: nallas bagas geaf "Denum �fter dme; dram-las gebd, "��t h ��s gewinnes weorc �rowade, "lod-bealo longsum. � � lr be �on, "gum-cyste ongit! ic �is gid be � 1725 "wr�c wintrum frd. Wundor is t secganne, "h mihtig god manna cynne "�urh sdne sefan snyttru brytta�, "eard and eorl-scipe, h h ealra geweald. "Hwlum h on lufan lte� hworfan 1730 "monnes md-ge�onc mran cynnes, "sele� him on �le eor�an wynne, "t healdanne hlo-burh wera, "ged� him sw gewealdene worolde dlas, "sde rce, ��t h his selfa ne m�g 1735 "for his un-snyttrum ende ge�encean; "wuna� h on wiste, n hine wiht dwele�, "dl n yldo, n him inwit-sorh "on sefan sweorce�, n gesacu hwr, "ecg-hete owe�, ac him eal worold 1740 "wende� on willan; h ��t wyrse ne con, "o� ��t him on innan ofer-hygda dl "weaxe� and wrida�, �onne se weard swefe�, "swele hyrde: bi� se slp t f�st, "bisgum gebunden, bona sw�e nah, 1745 "s �e of fln-bogan fyrenum scote�.\nXXVI. THE DISCOURSE IS ENDED.-BOWULF PREPARES TO LEAVE.\n"�onne bi� on hre�re under helm drepen "biteran strle: him bebeorgan ne con "wom wundor-bebodum wergan gstes; "�ince� him t lytel, ��t h t lange hold, 1750 "gytsa� grom-hydig, nallas on gylp sele� "ftte bagas and h � for�-gesceaft "forgyte� and forgyme�, ��s �e him r god sealde "wuldres waldend, weor�-mynda dl. "Hit on ende-st�f eft gelimpe�, 1755 "��t se lc-homa lne gedrose�, "fge gefealle�; fh� �er t, "s �e unmurnlce mdmas dle�, "eorles r-gestron, egesan ne gyme�. "Bebeorh � �one bealo-n�, Bowulf lofa, 1760 "secg se betsta, and � ��t slre gecos, "ce rdas; oferhyda ne gym, "mre cempa! N is �nes m�gnes bld "ne hwle; eft sna bi�, "��t �ec dl o��e ecg eafo�es getwfe�, 1765 "o��e fyres feng o��e fldes wylm, "o��e gripe mces o��e gres fliht, "o��e atol yldo, o��e agena bearhtm "forsite� and forsworce�; semninga bi�, "��t �ec, dryht-guma, da� oferswy�e�. 1770 "Sw ic Hring-Dena hund missra "wold under wolcnum, and hig wigge belac "manigum mg�a geond �ysne middan-geard, "�scum and ecgum, ��t ic m nigne "under swegles begong gesacan ne tealde. 1775 "Hw�t! m ��s on �le edwenden cwm, "gyrn �fter gomene, seo��an Grendel wear�, "eald-gewinna, in-genga mn: "ic �re scne singles w�g "md-ceare micle. ��s sig metode �anc, 1780 "cean drihtne, ��s �e ic on aldre gebd, "��t ic on �one hafelan heoro-drorigne "ofer eald gewin agum starige! "G n t setle, symbel-wynne droh "wgge weor�ad: unc sceal worn fela 1785 "m�ma gemnra, si��an morgen bi�." Gat w�s gl�d-md, gong sna t, setles nosan, sw se snottra heht. � w�s eft sw r ellen-rfum, flet-sittendum f�gere gereorded 1790 nowan stefne. Niht-helm geswearc deorc ofer dryht-gumum. Dugu� eal rs; wolde blonden-feax beddes nosan, gamela Scylding. Gat ungemetes wl, rfne rand-wigan restan lyste: 1795 sna him sele-�egn s�es wrgum, feorran-cundum for� wsade, se for andrysnum ealle beweotede �egnes �earfe, swylce �y dgore ha�o-l�ende habban scoldon. 1800 Reste hine � rm-heort; reced hlfade gap and gold-fh, g�st inne sw�f, o� ��t hrefn blaca heofones wynne bl�-heort bodode. � cm beorht sunne scacan ofer grundas; sca�an netton, 1805 wron ��elingas eft t lodum fse t farenne, wolde feor �anon cuma collen-ferh� coles nosan. Heht � se hearda Hrunting beran, sunu Ecglfes, heht his sweord niman, 1810 loflc ren; s�gde him ��s lanes �anc, cw�� h �one g�-wine gdne tealde, wg-cr�ftigne, nales wordum lg mces ecge: ��t w�s mdig secg. And � s�-frome searwum gearwe 1815 wgend wron, ode weor� Denum ��eling t yppan, �r se �er w�s h�le hilde-dor, Hr�gr grtte.\nXXVII. THE PARTING WORDS.\nBowulf ma�elode, bearn Ecg�owes: "N w s-l�end secgan wylla� 1820 "feorran cumene, ��t w fundia� "Higelc scan. Wron hr tela "willum bewenede; � s wl dohtest. "Gif ic �onne on eor�an wihte m�g "�nre md-lufan mran tilian, 1825 "gumena dryhten, �onne ic gyt dyde, "g�-geweorca ic bo gearo sna. "Gif ic ��t gefricge ofer flda begang, "��t �ec ymbe-sittend egesan �ywa�, "sw �ec hetende hwlum dydon, 1830 "ic � �senda �egna bringe, "h�le�a t helpe. Ic on Higelce wt, "Gata dryhten, �ah �e h geong sy, "folces hyrde, ��t h mec fremman wile "wordum and worcum, ��t ic � wl herige, 1835 "and � t goce gr-holt bere "m�genes fultum, �r � bi� manna �earf; "gif him �onne Hr�rc t hofum Gata "ge�inge�, �odnes bearn, h m�g �r fela "fronda findan: feor-cy��e bo� 1840 "slran geshte �m �e him selfa dah." Hr�gr ma�elode him on andsware: "� � word-cwydas wittig drihten "on sefan sende! ne hyrde ic snotorlcor "on sw geongum feore guman �ingian: 1845 "� eart m�genes strang and on mde frd, "ws word-cwida. Wn ic talige, "gif ��t gegange�, ��t �e gr nyme�, "hild heoru-grimme Hr�les eaferan, "dl o��e ren ealdor �nne, 1850 "folces hyrde, and � �n feorh hafast, "��t �e S-Gatas slran n�bben "t gecosenne cyning nigne, "hord-weard h�le�a, gif � healdan wylt "mga rce. M �n md-sefa 1855 "lca� leng sw wl, lofa Bowulf: "hafast � gefred, ��t �m folcum sceal, "Gata lodum and Gr-Denum "sib gemnum and sacu restan, "inwit-n�as, � he r drugon; 1860 "wesan, �enden ic wealde wdan rces, "m�mas gemne, manig �erne "gdum gegrtan ofer ganotes b��; "sceal hring-naca ofer ha�u bringan "lc and luf-tcen. Ic � lode wt 1865 "g wi� fond g wi� frond f�ste geworhte "ghw�s untle ealde wsan." � gt him eorla hlo inne gesealde, mago Healfdenes m�mas twelfe, ht hine mid �m lcum lode swse 1870 scean on gesyntum, snde eft cuman. Gecyste � cyning ��elum gd, �oden Scildinga, �egen betstan and be healse genam; hruron him taras, blonden-feaxum: him w�s bga wn, 1875 ealdum infrdum, �res sw�or, ��t h seo��an geson mston mdige on me�le. W�s him se man t �on lof, ��t h �one brost-wylm forberan ne mehte, ac him on hre�re hyge-bendum f�st 1880 �fter dorum men dyrne langa� beorn wi� blde. Him Bowulf �anan, g�-rinc gold-wlanc gr�s-moldan tr�d, since hrmig: s-genga bd gend-fran, s �e on ancre rd. 1885 � w�s on gange gifu Hr�gres oft ge�hted: ��t w�s n cyning ghw�s orleahtre, o� ��t hine yldo benam m�genes wynnum, s �e oft manegum scd.\nXXVIII. BOWULF RETURNS TO GEATLAND.-THE QUEENS HYGD AND THRYTHO.\nCwm � t flde fela-mdigra 1890 h�g-stealdra hap; hring-net bron, locene leo�o-syrcan. Land-weard onfand eft-s� eorla, sw h r dyde; n h mid hearme of hl�es nosan g�stas grtte, ac him tganes rd; 1895 cw�� ��t wilcuman Wedera lodum scawan scr-hame t scipe fron. � w�s on sande s-gap naca hladen here-wdum, hringed-stefna marum and m�mum: m�st hlfade 1900 ofer Hr�gres hord-gestronum. H �m bt-wearde bunden golde swurd gesealde, ��t h sy��an w�s on meodu-bence m�me �y weor�ra, yrfe-lfe. Gewt him on y�-nacan, 1905 drfan dop w�ter, Dena land ofgeaf. � w�s be m�ste mere-hr�gla sum, segl sle f�st. Sund-wudu �unede, n �r wg-flotan wind ofer y�um s�es getwfde; s-genga fr, 1910 flat fmig-heals for� ofer y�e, bunden-stefna ofer brim-stramas, ��t he Gata clifu ongitan meahton, c�e n�ssas. Col up ge�rang, lyft-geswenced on lande std. 1915 Hra�e w�s �t holme hy�-weard gearo, s �e r lange td, lofra manna fs, �t faro�e feor wltode; slde t sande sd-f��me scip oncer-bendum f�st, �y ls hym y�a �rym 1920 wudu wynsuman forwrecan meahte. Ht � up beran ��elinga gestron, fr�twe and ft-gold; n�s him feor �anon t gescanne sinces bryttan: Higelc Hr�ling �r �t hm wuna�, 1925 selfa mid ges�um s-wealle nah; bold w�s betlc, brego-rf cyning, ha on healle, Hygd sw�e geong, ws, wl-�ungen, �ah �e wintra lyt under burh-locan gebiden h�bbe 1930 H�re�es dhtor: n�s ho hnh sw �ah, n t gna� gifa Gata lodum, m�m-gestrona. Mod �ry�o w�g, fremu folces cwn, firen ondrysne: nnig ��t dorste dor gen�an 1935 swsra ges�a, nefne sin-fra, ��t hire an d�ges agum starede; ac him w�l-bende weotode tealde, hand-gewri�ene: hra�e seo��an w�s �fter mund-gripe mce ge�inged, 1940 ��t hit scea�en-ml scyran mste, cwealm-bealu cy�an. Ne bi� swylc cwnlc �aw idese t efnanne, �ah �e ho nlcu sy, ��tte freo�u-webbe fores ons�ce �fter lge-torne lofne mannan. 1945 Hru ��t onhhsnode Heminges mg; ealo drincende �er sdan, ��t ho lod-bealewa ls gefremede, inwit-n�a, sy��an rest wear� gyfen gold-hroden geongum cempan, 1950 ��elum dore, sy��an ho Offan flet ofer fealone fld be f�der lre s�e geshte, �r ho sy��an wl in gum-stle, gde mre, lf-gesceafta lifigende brac, 1955 hold hah-lufan wi� h�le�a brego, ealles mon-cynnes mne gefrge �one slestan b sm twonum eormen-cynnes; for�m Offa w�s geofum and g�um gr-cne man, 1960 wde geweor�od; wsdme hold �el snne, �onon omr wc h�le�um t helpe, Heminges mg, nefa Grmundes, n�a cr�ftig.\nXXIX. HIS ARRIVAL. HYGELAC'S RECEPTION.\nGewt him � se hearda mid his hond-scole 1965 sylf �fter sande s-wong tredan, wde waro�as. Woruld-candel scn, sigel s�an fs: h s� drugon, elne geodon, t ��s �e eorla hlo, bonan Ongen�owes burgum on innan, 1970 geongne g�-cyning gdne gefrnon hringas dlan. Higelce w�s s� Bowulfes snde gecy�ed, ��t �r on wor�ig wgendra hlo, lind-gestealla lifigende cwm, 1975 hea�o-lces hl t hofe gongan. Hra�e w�s gerymed, sw se rca bebad, f�e-gestum flet innan-weard. Ges�t � wi� sylfne, s � s�cce gen�s, mg wi� mge, sy��an man-dryhten 1980 �urh hlo�or-cwyde holdne gegrtte maglum wordum. Meodu-scencum hwearf geond ��t reced H�re�es dhtor: lufode � lode, l�-wge b�r hlum t handa. Higelc ongan 1985 snne geseldan in sele �m han f�gre fricgean, hyne fyrwet br�c, hwylce S-Gata s�as wron: "H lomp ow on lde, lofa Bowulf, "� � fringa feorr gehogodest, 1990 "s�cce scean ofer sealt w�ter, "hilde t Hiorote? Ac � Hr�gre "wd-c�ne wan wihte gebttest, "mrum �odne? Ic ��s md-ceare "sorh-wylmum sa�, s�e ne truwode 1995 "lofes mannes; ic � lange b�d, "��t � �one w�l-gst wihte ne grtte, "lte S�-Dene sylfe geweor�an "g�e wi� Grendel. Gode ic �anc secge, "��s �e ic � gesundne geson mste." 2000 Bowulf ma�elode, bearn Ecg�owes: "��t is undyrne, dryhten Higelc, "mre gemting monegum fra, "hwylc orleg-hwl uncer Grendles "wear� on �m wange, �r h worna fela 2005 "Sige-Scildingum sorge gefremede, "yrm�e t aldre; ic ��t eal gewr�c, "sw ne gylpan �earf Grendeles mga "nig ofer eor�an ht-hlem �one, "s �e lengest leofa� l�an cynnes, 2010 "fenne bifongen. Ic �r fur�um cwm, "t �m hring-sele Hr�gr grtan: "sna m se mra mago Healfdenes, "sy��an h md-sefan mnne c�e, "wi� his sylfes sunu setl gethte. 2015 "Weorod w�s on wynne; ne seah ic wdan feorh "under heofenes hwealf heal-sittendra "medu-dram mran. Hwlum mru cwn, "fri�u-sibb folca flet eall geond-hwearf, "bdde byre geonge; oft ho bah-wri�an 2020 "secge sealde, r ho t setle gong. "Hwlum for dugu�e dhtor Hr�gres "eorlum on ende ealu-wge b�r, "� ic Fraware flet-sittende "nemnan hyrde, �r ho n�gled sinc 2025 "h�le�um sealde: so gehten w�s, "geong gold-hroden, gladum suna Frdan; "hafa� ��s geworden wine Scyldinga "rces hyrde and ��t rd tala�, "��t h mid �y wfe w�l-fh�a dl, 2030 "s�cca gesette. Oft n seldan hwr "�fter lod-hryre lytle hwle "bon-gr bge�, �ah so bryd duge!\nXXX. BOWULF'S STORY OF THE SLAYINGS.\n"M�g ��s �onne of�yncan �oden Hea�obeardna "and �egna gehwm �ra loda, 2035 "�onne h mid fmnan on flett g�, "dryht-bearn Dena dugu�a biwenede: "on him gladia� gomelra lfe "heard and hring-ml, Hea�obeardna gestron, "�enden he �m wpnum wealdan mston, 2040 "o� ��t he forlddan t �m lind-plegan "swse ges�as ond hyra sylfra feorh. "�onne cwi� �t bore, s �e bah gesyh�, "eald �sc-wiga, s �e eall geman "gr-cwealm gumena (him bi� grim sefa), 2045 "onginne� gemor-md geongne cempan "�urh hre�ra gehygd higes cunnian, "wg-bealu weccean and ��t word cwy�: "'Meaht �, mn wine, mce gecnwan, "'�one �in f�der t gefeohte b�r 2050 "'under here-grman hindeman s�e, "'dyre ren, �r hyne Dene slgon, "'woldon w�l-stwe, sy��an wi�er-gyld l�g, "'�fter h�le�a hryre, hwate Scyldungas? "'Nu hr �ra banena byre nt-hwylces, 2055 "'fr�twum hrmig on flet g�, "'mor�res gylpe� and �one m��um byre�, "'�one �e � mid rihte rdan sceoldest!'" "Mana� sw and myndga� mla gehwylce "srum wordum, o� ��t sl cyme�, 2060 "��t se fmnan �egn fore f�der ddum "�fter billes bite bld-fg swefe�, "ealdres scyldig; him se �er �onan "losa� lifigende, con him land geare. "�onne bo� brocene on b healfe 2065 "�-sweord eorla; sy��an Ingelde "wealla� w�l-n�as and him wf-lufan "�fter cear-w�lmum clran weor�a�. "�y ic Hea�obeardna hyldo ne telge, "dryht-sibbe dl Denum unfcne, 2070 "frond-scipe f�stne. Ic sceal for� sprecan "gn ymbe Grendel, ��t � geare cunne, "sinces brytta, t hwan sy��an wear� "hond-rs h�le�a. Sy��an heofones gim "gld ofer grundas, g�st yrre cwm, 2075 "eatol fen-grom, ser nosan, "�r w gesunde s�l weardodon; "�r w�s Hondsco hild onsge, "feorh-bealu fgum, h fyrmest l�g, "gyrded cempa; him Grendel wear�, 2080 "mrum magu-�egne t m�-bonan, "lofes mannes lc eall forswealg. "N �y r t � gn del-hende "bona bldig-t� bealewa gemyndig, "of �m gold-sele gongan wolde, 2085 "ac h m�gnes rf mn costode, "grpode gearo-folm. Glf hangode "sd and syllc searo-bendum f�st, "so w�s or�oncum eall gegyrwed "dofles cr�ftum and dracan fellum: 2090 "h mec �r on innan unsynnigne, "dor dd-fruma, gedn wolde, "manigra sumne: hyt ne mihte sw, "sy��an ic on yrre upp-riht std. "T lang ys t reccenne, h ic �m lod-scea�an 2095 "yfla gehwylces ond-lan forgeald; "�r ic, �oden mn, �ne lode "weor�ode weorcum. H on weg losade, "lytle hwle lf-wynna brac; "hw��re him so sw�re swa�e weardade 2100 "hand on Hiorte and h han �onan, "mdes gemor mere-grund gefoll. "M �one w�l-rs wine Scildunga "fttan golde fela lanode, "manegum m�mum, sy��an mergen cm 2105 "and w t symble geseten h�fdon. "�r w�s gidd and glo; gomela Scilding "fela fricgende feorran rehte; "hwlum hilde-dor hearpan wynne, "gomen-wudu grtte; hwlum gyd wr�c 2110 "s� and srlc; hwlum syllc spell "rehte �fter rihte rm-heort cyning. "Hwlum eft ongan eldo gebunden, "gomel g�-wiga giogu�e cw�an "hilde-strengo; hre�er inne woll, 2115 "�onne h wintrum frd worn gemunde. "Sw w �r inne andlangne d�g "node nman, o� ��t niht becwm "�er t yldum. � w�s eft hra�e "gearo gyrn-wr�ce Grendeles mdor, 2120 "s�ode sorh-full; sunu da� fornam, "wg-hete Wedra. Wf unhyre "hyre bearn gewr�c, beorn cwealde "ellenlce; �r w�s �sc-here, "frdan fyrn-witan, feorh �genge; 2125 "n�er hy hine ne mston, sy��an mergen cwm, "da�-wrigne Denia lode "bronde forb�rnan, n on bl hladan "lofne mannan: ho ��t lc �tb�r "fondes f��mum under firgen-stram. 2130 "��t w�s Hr�gre hrowa tornost "�ra �e lod-fruman lange begete; "� se �oden mec �ne lfe "healsode hroh-md, ��t ic on holma ge�ring "eorl-scipe efnde, ealdre gen�de, 2135 "mr�o fremede: h m mde geht. "Ic � ��s w�lmes, � is wde c�, "grimne gryrelcne grund-hyrde fond. "�r unc hwle w�s hand gemne; "holm heolfre woll and ic hafde becearf 2140 "in �m grund-sele Grendeles mdor "acnum ecgum, unsfte �onan "feorh o�ferede; n�s ic fge � gyt, "ac m eorla hlo eft gesealde "m�ma menigeo, maga Healfdenes.\nXXXI. HE GIVES PRESENTS TO HYGELAC. HYGELAC REWARDS HIM. HYGELAC'S DEATH. BOWULF REIGNS.\n2145 "Sw se �od-kyning �awum lyfde; "nealles ic �m lanum forloren h�fde, "m�gnes mde, ac h m m�mas geaf, "sunu Healfdenes, on snne sylfes dm; "� ic �, beorn-cyning, bringan wylle, 2150 "stum geywan. Gn is eall �t � "lissa gelong: ic lyt hafo "hafod-mga, nefne Hygelc �ec!" Ht � in beran eafor, hafod-segn, hea�o-stapne helm, hre byrnan, 2155 g�-sweord geatolc, gyd �fter wr�c: "M �is hilde-sceorp Hr�gr sealde, "snotra fengel, sume worde ht, "��t ic his rest � eft ges�gde, "cw�� ��t hyt h�fde Hiorogr cyning, 2160 "lod Scyldunga lange hwle: "n �y r suna snum syllan wolde, "hwatum Heorowearde, �ah h him hold wre, "brost-gewdu. Brc ealles well!" Hyrde ic ��t �m fr�twum fower maras 2165 lungre gelce lst weardode, �ppel-fealuwe; h him st getah mara and m�ma. Sw sceal mg dn, nealles inwit-net �rum bregdan, dyrnum cr�fte da� rnian 2170 hond-gesteallan. Hygelce w�s, n�a heardum, nefa swy�e hold and gehw��er �rum hr�ra gemyndig. Hyrde ic ��t h �one heals-bah Hygde gesealde, wrtlcne wundur-m��um, �one �e him Wealh�o geaf, 2175 �odnes dhtor, �ro wicg somod swancor and sadol-beorht; hyre sy��an w�s �fter bah-�ege brost geweor�od. Sw bealdode bearn Ecg�owes, guma g�um c�, gdum ddum, 2180 drah �fter dme, nealles druncne slg heor�-genatas; n�s him hroh sefa, ac h man-cynnes mste cr�fte gin-f�stan gife, � him god sealde, hold hilde-dor. Han w�s lange, 2185 sw hyne Gata bearn gdne ne tealdon, n hyne on medo-bence micles wyr�ne drihten wereda gedn wolde; swy�e oft s�gdon, ��t h slac wre, ��eling unfrom: edwenden cwm 2190 tr-adigum menn torna gehwylces. Ht � eorla hlo in gefetian, hea�o-rf cyning, Hr�les lfe, golde gegyrede; n�s mid Gatum � sinc-m��um slra on sweordes hd; 2195 ��t h on Bowulfes bearm legde, and him gesealde seofan �sendo, bold and brego-stl. Him w�s bm samod on �m lod-scipe lond gecynde, eard �el-riht, �rum sw�or 2200 sde rce, �m �r slra w�s. Eft ��t geode ufaran dgrum hilde-hl�mmum, sy��an Hygelc l�g and Heardrde hilde-mceas under bord-hro�an t bonan wurdon, 2205 � hyne geshtan on sige-�ode hearde hilde-frecan, Hea�o-Scilfingas, n�a gengdan nefan Hererces. Sy��an Bowulfe brde rce on hand gehwearf: h gehold tela 2210 fftig wintru (w�s � frd cyning, eald �el-weard), o� ��t n ongan deorcum nihtum draca rcsian, s �e on hare h�e hord beweotode, stn-beorh stapne: stg under l�g, 2215 eldum unc�. �r on innan gong ni�a nt-hwylces node gefng h�num horde hond . d . . ge� . . hwylc since fhne, h ��t sy��an . . . . . . . . � . . . l� . � . . l . g 2220 slpende be fyre, fyrena hyrde �ofes cr�fte, ��t sie . . . . �io� . . . . . . idh . folc-beorn, ��t h gebolgen w�s.\nXXXII. THE FIRE-DRAKE. THE HOARD.\nNealles mid geweoldum wyrm-horda . . . cr�ft shte sylfes willum, s �e him sre gesced, 2225 ac for �ra-ndlan �ow nt-hwylces h�le�a bearna hete-swengeas flah, for ofer-�earfe and �r inne fealh secg syn-bysig. Sna in � tde ��t . . . . . �m gyste . . . . br . g . std, 2230 hw��re earm-sceapen . . . . . . . . . � . . . sceapen o . . . . i r . . e se fs begeat, sinc-f�t geseah: �r w�s swylcra fela in �m eor�-scr�fe r-gestrona, sw hy on ger-dagum gumena nt-hwylc 2235 eormen-lfe ��elan cynnes �anc-hycgende �r gehydde, dore m�mas. Ealle he da� fornam rran mlum, and se n � gn loda dugu�e, s �r lengest hwearf, 2240 weard wine-gemor wscte ��s yldan, ��t h lytel f�c long-gestrona brcan mste. Beorh eal gearo wunode on wonge w�ter-y�um nah, nwe be n�sse nearo-cr�ftum f�st: 2245 �r on innan b�r eorl-gestrona hringa hyrde hard-fyrdne dl fttan goldes, fa worda cw��: "Heald � n, hrse, n h�le� ne mston, "eorla hte. Hw�t! hit r on � 2250 "gde begeton; g�-da� fornam, "feorh-bealo frcne fyra gehwylcne, "loda mnra, �ra �e �is lf ofgeaf, "geswon sele-dram. Nh hw sweord wege "o��e fetige fted wge, 2255 "drync-f�t dore: dugu� ellor scc. "Sceal se hearda helm hyrsted golde "ftum befeallen: feormiend swefa�, "� �e beado-grman bywan sceoldon, "g swylce so here-pd, so �t hilde gebd 2260 "ofer borda gebr�c bite rena, "brosna� �fter beorne. Ne m�g byrnan hring "�fter wg-fruman wde fran "h�le�um be healfe; n�s hearpan wyn, "gomen glo-bames, n gd hafoc 2265 "geond s�l swinge�, n se swifta mearh "burh-stede bate�. Bealo-cwealm hafa� "fela feorh-cynna feorr onsended!" Sw gimor-md gioh�o mnde, n �fter eallum unbl�e hwop, 2270 d�ges and nihtes, o� ��t da�es wylm hrn �t heortan. Hord-wynne fond eald ht-scea�a opene standan, s �e byrnende biorgas sce� nacod n�-draca, nihtes floge� 2275 fyre befangen; hyne fold-bend wde geswon. H gwunian sceall hlw under hrsan, �r h h�en gold wara� wintrum frd; ne by� him wihte � sl. Sw se �od-scea�a �ro hund wintra 2280 hold on hrsan hord-�rna sum acen-cr�ftig, o� ��t hyne n bealh mon on mde: man-dryhtne b�r fted wge, frio�o-wre b�d hlford snne. � w�s hord rsod, 2285 onboren baga hord, bne get�ad fa-sceaftum men. Fra scawode fra fyrn-geweorc forman s�e. � se wyrm onwc, wrht w�s genwad; stonc � �fter stne, stearc-heort onfand 2290 fondes ft-lst; h t for� gestp, dyrnan cr�fte, dracan hafde nah. Sw m�g unfge a�e gedgan wan and wr�c-s�, s �e waldendes hyldo gehealde�. Hord-weard shte 2295 georne �fter grunde, wolde guman findan, �one �e him on sweofote sre getode: ht and hroh-md hlw oft ymbe hwearf, ealne tan-weardne; n �r nig mon w�s on �re wstenne. Hw��re hilde gefeh, 2300 beado-weorces: hwlum on beorh �thwearf, sinc-f�t shte; h ��t sna onfand, ��t h�fde gumena sum goldes gefandod hah-gestrona. Hord-weard onbd earfo�lce, o� ��t fen cwm; 2305 w�s � gebolgen beorges hyrde, wolde se l�a lge forgyldan drinc-f�t dyre. � w�s d�g sceacen wyrme on willan, n on wealle leng bdan wolde, ac mid ble fr, 2310 fyre gefysed. W�s se fruma egeslc lodum on lande, sw hyt lungre wear� on hyra sinc-gifan sre geendod.


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