sweren - Middle English Compendium\nForms swēren v. Also swer(e, sweri(e(n, swern(e, squer(e, (WM) sweore, (K) zueren, zuerie & (chiefly early) sweriʒen, (early) swera, swerige, scuerie, (SWM) swærie & (early infl.) swerene. Forms: sg.3 swēreth, etc. & swērit, swērth, (K) zuērth & (early error) swered; pl. swēren, etc. & swērne; p. swọ̄r(e, swoer, swhọ̄re, swār(e, squāre, (K) zuọ̄r, (early SWM) sweor & ? swōr(e & swēr(e, squēre & (errors) smoor, soryd; pl. swọ̄r(e(n, swọ̄ron, swọ̄rn(e, swār(e, squāre, (WM) sweore & ? swōr(e(n & (early) swọ̄ran, (SWM) sweoron & swēred & (error) swoot; ppl. i)swōr(e(n, i)swōrn(e, swōrin(e, swōron, squōrne, (early) isworene, ge- & iswēre, (SW) iswēred & (?errors) ishwore, shoren, sore, (errors) sowrne, sowre.\nEtymology OE swerian, swerigean; p. swōr, -swēor (as in geswēor, p. of geswerian); pl. swōron & sweredan; ppl. -sworen (as in gesworen, p.ppl. of geswerian).\nNote: Cp. asweren v., forsweren v.\n(a) To utter an oath; make a solemn or ceremonial declaration with an appeal to a deity, sacred object, etc. in confirmation of what is said; also, in the name of an allegorical place [quot. c1400]; (b) in proverbs; (c) with directly quoted speech: to swear (certain specified words).\na1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)55/18 : Gyf we hwar unwærlice swerigeð, & se að us genede..to wyrsen dæde, þonne byð us rædlicor, þæt we þone mare gylt forbugen.\na1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)9/9 : Hier is mare of ðe eueles kennes sade, ðe me hafð ofte idon godes aʒwene name forsweren..and a manies kennes me seluen to weriʒen, oðer sume of mine friende ðe ic halp to sweriʒen.\na1225 Wint.Ben.Rule (Cld D.3)23/24 : Ne sceal non swerie, læste hyre ʒelympe, þat hu forswerie.\nc1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)38/22 : Ʒe ne schule for na þing wearien ne swerien bute ʒef ʒe seggen witerliche oðer sikerliche.\na1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)1071 : In þis world i was born, I come to seche þat was forlorn, Neuir to fist nor to swern [vr. sweryn], But of treuth witnes berin.\n(1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)63/19 : Perilous þing hit is to zuerie.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Par.15.14 : Þei sworen to þe lord with a gret vois.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.23.14 : If in veyn he shul swern, he shal nott ben iustefied.\na1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4567 : Nat yn ydylnes, as ʒe þynke..ofte to swere at youre wyl..So come to heuene, hyt may nat be.\nc1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)6.57 : So shalt þou se swere-nouʒt-but-it-be-for-nede-A[nd]-nameliche-an-ydel-þe-name-of-god-almiʒt.\n?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)89/4 : Ʒit enemyes purswen aʒen þis comaundement & seyn þat Crist him silf swore, & hise seintis boþe.\na1450(a1400) Wycl.10 Com.(1) (Bod 789)84 : Wiþ þre condiciouns it is leefful to swere.\nc1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)326/19 : Thou aught neuer to swere [Caritate: sqwer] but yf grete nede cause it.\nc1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)140/27 : Knowyst noʒt þat sqweryng is dysconuenyent to þi dygnyte, and þat þu doste derogacion to þi wurchyp qwan þu sqwerist [Lambeth: swerys]?\na1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.226 : Hoso swere lytly for a þing of nout..or vse ony nyse oþis..alle þese takyn Godis name in veyn.\na1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.245 : Þat oth bynt þe personys þat sworn and nout her successours as for periurie.\na1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)62/25 : It ys to subgitz and seruantz to swere, but noght to a kynge.\na1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)54 : We haue yn oure lawe that we schuld not swere, for yt ys a synne.\nc1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6144 : Who swereþ by craft is by craft for-sworn.\nc1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)100/17 : He þat custommable swereþ is often for-sworne.\nc1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)109/37 : Who þat will gladely swere, gladely will be-gile.\n(a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)1169 : Where Me swereth ofte, it is deceptioun.\nc1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)9/89 : Affrican hire feader wundrede him swiðe & bigon to swerien, 'bi þe ilke godes þet me is lað to gremien..ich wulle o grat grome al biteachen hire þe.'\nc1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)11/107 : Affrican wreaðede & swor swiðe deopliche, 'for þe drihtfule godd appollo..ich schal leote wilde deor to luken & toteore þe.'\na1350 Flem.Insur.(Hrl 2253)61 : Þo suor þe eorl of seint Poul, 'par la goule de! we shule facche þe rybaus wher þi wille be!'\na1350 Flem.Insur.(Hrl 2253)93 : Þenne swor a bocher, 'by my leaute! shalt þou ner more þe kyng of fraunce se.'\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3114 : Oure hoost lough and swoor, 'so moot I gon, This gooth aright.'\nc1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)14.34 : Þanne laughed haukyn a litel and liʒtly gan swerye, 'Who so leueth ʒow, by owre lorde, I leue nouʒte he be blissed!'\nc1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.36 : Thenne he squere, 'Be Jhesu, Mare sun, That body schalle neuyr in the erthe come, My siluyr tille that I haue.'\n(c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)135/6 : In lijk maner it is to be feelid if y be constreynyd in þe iiije maner þat y swere: 'bi god y wole þis tresour be ʒouris.'\nc1450 Eglam.(Clg A.2)430 : The kyng swore, 'So mot I the, Tho gentyll armes wyll I se!'\nTo take an oath while symbolically touching, or laying the hand on, an object in confirmation of what is said; -- with prep. phrases; freq. with inf. or hou or that clause expressing the content of the oath: (a) ~ on auter, to swear touching an altar; ~ on (up, upon) bok, swear on a book, esp. a book of sacred writings, the Bible, etc.; also, swear (to sth.) on a book [quot. 1463]; swear to (sth.) on a book [quot. ?a1400]; ~ on (upon) evaungeles, swear on a gospel book; ~ on (upon) goddes bodi, swear on the consecrated host; ~ on gospelles, swear on a missal; ~ on (upon) messe gere, swear on sacred vestments or articles; (b) ~ on fauchoun, ~ on (upon) sword, to swear on (one's) sword; also, swear to (sth.) on (one's) sword [quot. a1225, 2nd]; (c) ~ on (upon) hali-dom, to swear on a sacred relic or a reliquary; ben sworen on hali-dom.\nc1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)585 : Ʒif ani man In mansingue were i-brouʒt And sethþe come to amendement..he ne scholde nouʒt swerie op-on þe boke.\n(c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)188 : Þe king..þer-on leyde þe messebok, Þe caliz, and þe pateyn ok, Þe corporaus, þe messe-gere: Þer-on he garte þe erl suere Þat he sholde yemen hire wel.\n(c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)388 : But þat ich wille, þat þo suere On auter and on mess-gere..Þat þou mine children shalt we[l] yeme.\n(c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1077 : The king aþelwald me dide swere Vpon al þe messe-gere Þat y shude his douthe[r] yeue Þe hexte þat mithe liue.\n(c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2217 : Alle herden ye him swere On bok and on messe-gere Þat he shulde yeme hem wel.\nc1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10418 : Þe king suor vpe þe boc..Þat he al clanliche to þe popes loking stod.\nc1330 Horn Child (Auch)140 : To horn his sone he hem bi toke & dede hem swere opon þe boke, Feute þai schulde him bere.\n(a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.393 : Perys hadde i-sworn [Higd.(2): affermede; L asseruisset] uppon þe book..þat his bookes were endited by inspiration of þe Holy Goost.\n(1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)45/15 : Eche of hem had sworen on þe bok to perfourme þe pointz vnderneth wryten.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.667 : A Briton book writen with Euangiles Was fet, and on this book he swoor anoon She gilty was.\n?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.110 : Þe þrid poynt þei wild..þat þe Danegelde for euer suld be forgyuen..he suore þat on þe boke.\nc1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)265/14 : Þai..haue suorne to me oppon a boke.\n?a1425(a1400) Brut-1377 (Corp-C 174)311/33 : Karoll leyd his right honde on the patene wiþ Goddis body & his left hand on þe missale, and sayd: 'We..sweryn on Goddis body and on þe holy gospellez þat we schulle trewliche and stedfastly holden toward vs þe pees.'\n?a1425(a1400) Brut-1377 (Corp-C 174)313/24 : We..sweren oppon holy Goddes body and on þe gospels..to hold and kepe toward vs þe pees.\n(1425) RParl.4.304a : The said Merchant..walden swere uppon the holy Evaungelis that the forsaid Wolle, or Wolselle, were perisshed, lost, or taken..yanne the said Merchant..myghten have plein restitution.\n(1427) Proc.Privy C.3.240 : He swar on þe holy evangiles.\n(1440) Doc.Kent in Bull.IHR 36 (PRO KB 27/715 m.19)p.88 : Sene þu art so ferre of my counseille, þu shalt swere upon aboke or elles be ded.\na1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)3874 : Als þey comen, þe kyng hem tok & dide þem sweren on þe bok ffor to don Argail homage.\nc1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)350/3 : Þe King and..the Frensche lordez..sworon..apon a boke..to holde yn alle maner poyntis and couenauntes.\n(1463) GRed Bk.Bristolpt.2.p.54 : Hit ys ordeingned that euery burgeyses..swere apon a boke of the qualite..of the merchauntdise.\n1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)14/5 : He made sir Kay to swere upon a book how he came to that swerd.\na1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)935 : Delvis reported..How dalton had made to him a Ml. pownde Of..golde..For which deluys swere on a boke.\na1500 Arth.& M.(Dc 236)293/406 : The kyng..made hem swerye vppon a book þat þey schulden in his arende gon.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4443 : Ælche ʒere senden þreo þusend punden & þat ich þe wullen swerien uppen mine sweorden.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11231 : Ælche ʒere ʒiuen [ich] þe wulle æhte..Þis ich wullen þe swerien uppen mine sweorden.\nc1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)2926 : We ʒou wolleþ swerie vppen houre swerdes þat we wolleþ ʒou bi-fore libbe oþer ligge.\nc1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)1.97 : Dauid, in hise dayes, dubbide kniʒtes, Made hem to swere on his swerd to serue treuþe euere.\nc1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)374 : Jn haste knele adoun And swer an my fachoun Þou schalt to Artour wende.\n?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1140 : He suor on halidom & gysles fand þat he alle his castles sculde iiuen up.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)7655 : Ne moste he nauere biten mete..ær he heom hæfden isworen uppen halidom þat wes i-coren þat he al þis kine-lond wolde bitæchen heom an heond.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11407 : Bringeð þene halidom and ich wulle swerien þer-on.\nc1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2249 : He swor on þe halidom þat þoruʒ him nas it noght..þat he was to deþe i-brouʒt.\nc1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.592 : On þe halidom þai gun swere.\na1475 PPl.A(1) (Hrl 875:Skeat)2.122 : Many comen, from care to counforte þe false & sworen [Trin-C: seide] on þe hoolydom þat 'cesse schul we neuere or mede be þi weddud wyf.'\nIn prep. phrases: ~ in the honde, to swear an oath with the hand placed in (another's) hand in confirmation; ~ mid honde, swear an oath with a confirming handclasp; -- with that clause expressing the content of the oath.\na1425 Glo.Chron.B (Pep 2014)841/47 : Swerie [Trin-C: Þe king wende to oxeneford to confermi mid honde Þat he bihet on his crouning].\n(1426) Paston2.506 : Paston soryd [?read: sworyd] ine þe hand of þe sayd Sire Thomas..þat þe sayd Walter schuld noght be damaged ine his body ne hys goodes.\nWith prep. phrases: to appeal to (a divinity, sacred object, heaven, earth, etc.) in swearing, take an oath by or on (sth., a part of the body, etc.); freq. with inf. or that clause expressing the content of the oath: (a) ~ bi (par, thurgh), to swear by (God, Christ, God's name, one's faith, the cross, one's chin, etc.); (b) ~ on (o, upon), to swear by (sb. or sth., one's religious vows, etc.); also, swear to (sth.) by (one's religious vows);~ under attestacion of goddes dom, swear by God's judgment.\na1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)55/9,10 : Ne swere þu þurh heofone, for þan þe heo is Godes þrymsetle; Ne swera þu þurh eorðe, for þan þe heo is Godes fotscamel.\na1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)55/11 : Ne swera þu þurh þin agen heafod, for þan þe þu þe ne miht wyrecen an hær þines fexes, hwit oððe blac.\na1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)55/13 : Ne swerige ge þurh nan þing, ac beo eower spæce þuss geændod, 'Hit is swa ic secge,' oððe 'hit nis swa.'\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1721 : Heo hærabarewude hine and is cnihtes heo swor a þane ferþe dæi bi al heuenliche main þat ne sculde he habben mare bute enne kincte.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4597 : Þe kæisere..swor bi his rigge þat Wiðer hit scolde a-biggen.\na1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)9/12 : Ne sweriʒeð, naiðer ne be heuene ne be ierðe.\nc1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)109/964 : Ich swerie biþe mihtes of ure godes muchele, bute ʒef þu þe timluker do þe iþe ʒein-turn an ure godes grete þet tu gremest nuðe, ich schal schawin hu mi sweord bite iþi swire.\na1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)472 : He sweren bi ðe rode, bi ðe sunne, & bi ðe mone, & he ðe legen sone mid here sage & mid here song.\na1300 Nu sittet (Cmb Mm.1.18)9 : I scuerie bi this day And bi Mahun and bi his lay, If ani his so hardi man Þat stille ber him ne can, Þ'amperur hat..so uyt him men anhonge.\na1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1338 : God him ðor bi him-seluen swor Ðat he sal michil his kinde maken.\na1350(1265) BLewes (Hrl 2253)30 : Sire simond de mountfort haþ suore bi ys chyn, heuede he nou here þe erl of waryn, shulde he neuer more come to is yn.\nc1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1024 : Ich þe swere par ma fay No schal þer neuer no iustise Þe bidelue o non wise.\n(1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)45/31 : A knyʒt wes þet zuor be godes eʒen.\nc1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.77 : Þe Aungel..lyft vp his honde vnto þe heuene & swore by hym þat lyueþ wiþouten ende..þat þe tyme ne shal lasten no lengere.\n(c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.6.13 : God biheetynge to Abraham, for he hadde no man more by whom he schulde swere, swoor [*Wycl.Concord.142b: smoor] by hym silf.\n(a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.291 : Socrates..was levere swere [vr. swerye] by creatures þan by goddes.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.599 : Men..sweren so horribly by his blessed name that they despise it moore boldely than dide the cursede Iewes.\na1400(a1325) Glo.Chron.B (Trin-C R.4.26)p.817 : Þer of we scholde awreke beo, ich sweriʒe bi min heued, & winne aʒen þe tresor.\nc1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)667 : Þenne swenged forth Sare and swer by hir trawþe Þat for lot þat þay lansed ho laʒed never.\na1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)571 : Sir Fortager..Comaunded þeo clerkes to beo holde..And swar by Ihesu Heouene-kyng Ʒef þey lowen any lesyng..Þat þey neo scholde dyʒe euerychon.\n(a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)81/27 : Lord Crist Ihesu answeryd to hir sowle & seyd..'I swer by myn hy mageste þat I xal neuyr forsakyn þe.'\na1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)81/34 : Þey swereþ by God and by Crist..þat he schal neuere..forsake his kniʒthod.\nc1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)754 : I swere þe, be my syre saule..And be þe worthe wombe of my wale modre Þat I was geten in of gode.\nc1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)35/21 : He..made hir to swer by Gode and by all his saintes that she schuld not discure hym.\nc1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)126/33 : Whanne we sweren bi god in veyn, we bringen forþ god or his name to be witnesse in a trifle.\n(c1475) Ordin.Househ.Edw.IV (Hrl 642)57 : Ye woll sweere by that booke to be, after your power and cunnynge, a good wurshipfull true officer to the Kinge.\na1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)2580 : Terry & Eke Bawdewyn..sworyn by goddys mounde thay schulde neuer stynt stownde Tylle the sarisins wer schent.\na1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1013 : They swere by mahoun..Thay wold sle Richard.\na1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.240 : Ne hadde he deyyd byttyr deth..schulde we neuer ellys a sworn by Godis deth.\na1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.242 : Þat man swerit be his hood or be his cappe.\na1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)12/179 : I haue swore bi þi name, ydily, dilauily, and vnauysily.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8643 : Þe King..swor a Seint Brændan Ne scullen heo læden ænne stan.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3502 : Thou shalt vpon thy trouthe swere me heere That to no wight thou shalt this counseil wreye.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1345 : Yow..I haue loued specially Abouen alle wommen, sikerly; This swere I yow on my professioun.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.2135 : This shaltow swere on thy professioun With outen fraude or cauelacioun.\nc1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)157 : Thoo that hadde doon unkyndenesse..Besoghte mercy of hir trespassynge..And sworen on the blosmes to be trewe.\nc1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)124/32 : Qwerfor I sqwer to þe vndyr attestacion of Goddys dome þat I detecte thys sacrament or priuyte to þe vndyr þe same maner þat it was reuelyd or schewyd on-to me.\nc1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)711 : Swiftly he sware on þat Shete [?read: Shene] god; All tho couenaundes to kepe, & for no cause let.\nc1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11381 : All sweire þai full swiftly vpon swete haloues Neuer to councell to come.\n(a) To promise by an oath, take an oath by way of a solemn promise; ~ for..to, make a sworn promise of (land) to (sb.); (b) with inf.: to promise on oath (to do sth.), vow (to do sth.), pledge; also, refl. pledge oneself (to do sth.); (c) with that clause: to promise on oath (that one will do sth., etc.); -- also without that; (d) to promise (sth.) on oath, vow (sth.); also, with ind.obj.: pledge (sth. to sb.); promise to give (a land to sb.) [1st quot.]; ~ up deth (upon feith, etc.), pledge (sth.) upon (one's) life (faith, etc.); (e) to promise on oath to observe or perform (allegiance, fidelity, obedience, etc.); conspiracie (treisoun) sworen, sworn conspiracy (treason); (f) to promise on oath to perform (a future act): ~ ded (deth), vow to bring about (someone's) death; ~ wei, vow to undertake a pilgrimage; (g) to promise on oath to observe or carry out (conditions, a covenant, an agreement); ~ love (pes), swear to a covenant of peace; (h) introducing directly quoted speech: to promise on oath (certain specified words).\na1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2433 : Iosep swor him al-so he bad, And he ðor-of wurð bliðe & glad.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.11.12 : Þou sey to me, 'beer hem in þy boosme..& beer into þe loond for þe whiche þou hast swore to þe faders of hem.'\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.14.23 : Alle men þat..ne haue obesched to my voys sholyn not see þe lond for þe whiche y haue swore to þe faders.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Par.15.15 : In al..þer herte þei swooren & in al wil þei soʒten hym.\na1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)18362 : Lauerd..þou slockens al vr sin; þou has þam drund and don forfare, Als þou til ur for-eildres suare.\na1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)Heb.4.3 : Þei schal not entre in to my reste, as I swar in my wrathe.\nc1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1320 : Se ye wole me now to wive take As ye han sworn, thanne wol I yeve yow leve To slen me with youre swerd..For thanne shal I deyen as youre wif.\na1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)196/8 : He swore for that he myʒt by his sweryng haue occasion to sle John.\nc1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11837 : Priam..& his prise knightes, Sweryn all swiftly & no swyke thoghtyn.\n?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1140 : Þis, & te othre foruuardes þet hi makeden, suoren to halden þe king & te eorl & te biscopes.\nc1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1992 : Þe clerkes..Schullen suerie þe kinge trewe to beo.\nc1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7740 : Hii suore him alle þere To be him triwe & holde.\nc1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3406 : xi kinges and doukes on Han ysworn Arthour to slon.\na1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2019 : Gret sorwe sche made and swor..to suffur alle peynes.\na1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13716 : For þai had suorn [Frf: squorne] ilkan þar-till þis wreche womman for to spill.\nc1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)27/16 : Þe Kyng of Denmarc wolde nouʒt paye him [Corinbatrus] his truage..as he hade sworne [vr. swore] by oth forto paye hit..to Belyn his fader.\nc1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2865 : Iason..hath put his honde þer-to And sworne fully..Al hir requestes..To kepen..whil his life may laste.\na1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3422 : I wole swere..To be redressid at youre likyng If I trespasse in ony thyng.\nc1432 Bishop Notes in PMLA 49 (Cmb Dd.14.2)458 : Kyng Harry sweere to kepe and meynteyne þe poyntementes a fore reherced.\na1450(?a1349) ?Rolle þi ioy (Cmb Dd.5.64)24 : To serve hym in swetnes all have we sworne.\nc1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)105/3162 : Bewte..so cherid him..That hir to serve he hath him silf y-swore.\n(a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)26/9 : There swore kynge Cradilmans to brynge fyve thousand men on horsebacke.\na1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)328 : The king..swoore..His tresour and his good to forsake al.\nc1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11833 : Who þat sweyres to be swike, he forsworne worthes.\na1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)55/24 : Herodes swor þurh stuntnysse þæt he wolde þære hleapende dohter forgeofen swa hwæt swa heo bæde.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6532 : Al mi ræd & al mi lond ich wulle don i þire hond..ich þe swerie þat þis ich wulle uorien.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11410 : Ærst sweor Arður..seoððen sworen eorles..beornes..þeines, sweððen sweoren sweines þat heo nauere-mare þe sake nulde arere.\n(c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2367 : He swor he ne sholde neuer blinne Til þat he were of godard wreken.\nc1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)4997 : He..wole awreke is broþer deþ, he suereþ [B: swerieþ; vr. seiþ], on vs tuo.\na1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)268 : He swor formest þat ʒe schuld haue no harm.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.2.21 : Moyses swere [L Iuravit] þat he schuld dwell with hym.\n(a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.39 : He..made hem swere [vr. swerye] þat þey schulde [not] chaunge of þis lawe.\n(a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.5930 : He..cauhte a swerd anon and suor [rime: flor] That thei scholde of his handes dye.\na1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14604 : He wist forwit þe Iues suar þat þai suld him na langar spar.\nc1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)195/11 : For þei haue sworen þat what she wol aske, Heroud wol ʒeue to hure.\na1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4053 : He hath to day assailed shame..And swereth shortly that he shall Enclose hym in a sturdy wall.\na1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)229 : Þe barons..sweore þer togedre vchon Þat oþir kyng no wold þey non.\nc1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1378 : O, often swore [vrr. sworist; sorowest] thow that thow woldest dye For love, whan thow ne feltest maladye.\n(a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)125/27 : Ley þin hand on þe boke her be-forn me & swer þat þu xalt gon owt of my diocyse.\n(1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)1132 : I sqwere to yow feythffully That euer as trw and as stedffast to yow I schal be As ys possybyl.\nc1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)126/29 : She sware to hym that she shuld not be wedded.\n(1463-4) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.32 : Ye shall swere that you shall be faythefull to oure souerayne lorde the kynge..and you shall well and onestly Intret your felyschepe.\na1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)1964 : Ye most suerne her, bothe two..That ech to other shal be trewe.\nc1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)217/21 : He..drwe out his swerd..and sware with a grete othe that he that shuld speke any more of abandounynge of the citee shuld feele with the sharpenesse of his swerd what the reward was.\nc1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)535 : Þe knyʒtes sweren [Lamb: sworne two] þo Þey wolde to Artour go, And trewes þer þey plyʒt.\na1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)123 : Kynge Arthur swhore to hym [Merlin] with gode will..that neuer wolde he sey..nothynge that sholde to hym displese.\n-?-(1435) Doc.in Power Craft Surg.318 : This is the ooth that the olde maistris eueri ʒeer shal ʒeue to the newe whanne thei ben chosen: ʒe schal swere that ʒe schal wel & truli gouerne the craft of Cirurgie.\na1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1127 : Se kyng Heanri..let sweren ercebiscopes & biscopes..& ealle þa ðeines ða þær wæron his dohter Æðelic Engla land & Normandi to hande æfter his dæi.\n(c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)398 : Godard stirt up an swor al þat Þe king him bad.\na1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2476 : Ðat Iosep haueð his fader sworen.\nc1330(c1250) Floris (Auch)236 : Þei alle þe men þat beþ ibore Adden hit vp here deth ishwore [vr. swore].\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Bar.2.34 : I shal aʒeen clepen hem in to þe lond þat I swoor to þe faders of hem..& þei shul lordshepen of it.\n(c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1666 : The destinee, ministre general..So strong..is that, thogh the world had sworn The contrarie of a thyng..Yet somtyme it shal fallen..That falleth nat eft withinne a thousand yeer.\n(c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1826 : They hym sworen [vrr. swore, sworne], his axyng faire and wel.\n(a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1227 : Now, Sone, kep that thou hast swore.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.2137 : 'I swere it,' quod this frere, 'vpon my feith,' And ther with al his hand in his he leith.\nc1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)403 : Þat I swere þe.\nc1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.8128 : Wisly first þei sette her arblasteris..Knyʒtly to londe, þouʒ Troyens had sworn Þe contrarie, proudly hem to lette.\na1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.384 : This in all the temples of this town Upon the goddes alle I wol the swere.\na1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)2331 : He rathir chees be disobedient..Than be forsworn of þat he swoor so depe.\nc1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.36 : Quen Sir Amadace herd that he hade squorne, He cald his stuard him beforne.\n1123 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1123 : Se pape sweðolode & gaf him his pallium, & se ærcebiscop swor him underþeodnysse of ealle ða þing.\nc1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1017 : Þou suore þe kynge eorþelich honour and nelt don him non.\nc1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7095 : He made al normandie Suerie helde is ʒonge sone as to seignorie.\n(a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.331 : Arthur..ʒaf hym Hampschire and Somer-sete..and fey was i-swore to hym.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.357 : Here I swere oure alliance.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.496 : Shewe now youre pacience in youre wirkyng That ye me highte and swore in youre village.\n?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.28 : Feaute þei him suore.\nc1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7433 : Princes and dukes..duden hym alle feute And sworen to hym also leute.\nc1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4929 : Touchynge þe tresoun conspired & y-sworn, What-euere falle, lat vs be to-forn.\n(?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.2847 : Hir lord was likli to be lorn, Be conspiracy compassed & Isworn.\n?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)86 : Alle hise ten breþren habbeþ isworen his deþ.\na1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)486 : Hii leiden hondes on his clothez, A sworen hiis deth with mony othez.\n1372 Allas Iesu (Adv 18.7.21)p.35 : Allas, Iesu, þi loue is lorn; Allas, Iesu, þi det is suorn.\n1372 In bedlem is (Adv 18.7.21)56 : Heroudis..Alle Innocens..dede distruyʒe for cristis ded he hadde suorn.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.1038 : Lo, lord, my lady hath my deeth ysworn.\na1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3994 : Esau has suorn [Frf: squorne] mi dede.\nc1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.3622 : His sustren..han her heer & her cloþes torn, As þei hat her owne deth sworn.\nc1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)103/22 : Because þat Hector slewe Patroclus in bataille, Achilles hadde greet hate to Hector and fro þens-forþ swore his deeth.\na1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)1995 : We haue to Jherusalem the waye sworne; Who breketh our pylgrymage, he is forlorne.\nc1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)114/3415 : Mysfortune..hath me so fortore That my lady hath my deth y-swore.\nc1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1718 : Ma-boun and Jrayn Haueþ swor her deþ certayn.\na1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1525 : At bersabe he wunede best, And ðor wurð wið him trewðe fest Abimalech, and luue sworen.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.7.12 : Þe lord þy god shal kepe couenaunt to þe..þat he swoor to þy faders.\n(a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)8.51 : Þre þe firste were þe articules þat he hadde i-swore [Higd.(2): promysede; L juravit] in his crownynge.\nc1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)2929 : When Josue þus þer peyse had sworn, he trowed þem folke of full far land.\nc1460 Lydg.ST (Lngl 257)1695 : I-sworn [vr. sworn; Arun: ʒif that he..delyuered the toun To his broder by bond of both besworn, Be couauntes assured].\nc1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)189/14 : It is eftsoone..tauʒte þat no man euer breke his vertuose bihest maad to god, swoorn or vowid, or not swoorn neiþir vowid.\nc1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)144/31 : By what maneir of goddes do ye swer the peas nowe to us?\nc1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)383 : Wylleam on knees doun sat And swor..Her farward word and ende.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)3 Kings 1.17 : My lord kyng, þou swoore bi þe lord þi god to þi hand womman, 'Salamon þi sone schal regnen aftir me.'\n(c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 6.23 : The Kyng..swoor to hir, 'For what euere thou schalt axe, I schal ʒyue to thee.'\n(a) To affirm, assert, or declare something by oath, take an oath as to the truth of a statement; also, affirm something emphatically or confidently without an oath, state something strongly; with ind.obj.: swear something (to sb.) [1st quot]; ~ clene, refl. swear oneself to be innocent; ~ of, make affirmation of (sth.); (b) ~ ai, to declare 'aye, ' strongly assent; ~ (hire) nai, declare 'nay' (to her), stoutly deny something (to her); ~ hire yis, say 'yes' to her, give her strong assent; (c) with that, hou that, orwhat clause: to declare (that sb. did sth., that sth. is so, how sb. is, what sth. was, etc.), asseverate, affirm; -- also without that; (d) to affirm (sth.) with an oath; also, assert (sth.) strongly; ~ soth (treuth), swear truthfulness, swear to tell the truth; make a true statement, tell the truth; ~ his soth (treuth), ~ thin treuth, pledge his (thy) word as to the truth of something; (e) with directly quoted speech: to assert strongly (certain specified words); (f) in alliterative phrases: ~ and seien, seien and ~, to assert and say, say and declare; also, say and declare (sth.); with that clause: say and assert (that sb. did sth., that sth. is so, etc.); -- also without that; with directly quoted speech: say and declare (certain specified words); ~ seiinge, make a declaration saying (certain specified words); ~ or speken, declare or speak (sth.).\nc1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)651 : Þei men tristrem had sworn; He no trowed it neuer in lede Þat rohand robes were torn.\nc1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2278 : Swete ysonde haþ sworn Hir clene, þat miri may.\n(1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)65/10 : Mochel is grat godes myldenesse huanne zuyche men..zuerieþ of þinge þet hi wyteþ wel þet ne is naʒt zoþ.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.596 : Euery man that taketh goddes name in ydel or falsly swereth with his mouth..alle they taken goddes name in ydel.\na1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2747 : Ʒyf he swere fals, hys crystendom he forsakþ als.\na1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3816 : For whanne that he me gan espie, He swoore, affermyng sikirlye Bitwene Bialacoil and me Was yuel aquayntaunce and pryue.\nc1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)47/30 : Thou schalte not swere dishonestli ne with-oute a cause ne for coloure of falsnes, for ther may no gretter abusion be than to brynge to a fals witnes the chefe and the righte stedfast trowthe.\nc1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)58 : Al swere I nat, of this I wol nat lye; Ther loved no wight hotter in his lyve.\na1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)350/307 : If ye swere all and ye were mo, I trow it not or that I se.\na1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)95 : They sawe hym verely stye vp yn-to heuene..And euerychon sware as they dyd be-fore.\nc1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2096 : For what þing be most vn-to þer pay, Þei wil denye and rathest þer swere nay.\na1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.570 : She..axed hym if Troilus were there; He swor hire nay, for he was out of towne.\na1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.589 : He swor hire yis, by stokkes and by stones.\na1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)4492 : Naght were it for to done To borwe of hire [Avarice]; euere is hir answere nay; That sche naght haþ, also sche swerith ay.\na1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)51/16 : He swor þæt he on æfnunge æt his heafde witodlice heo geseage.\na1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.Nicod.(Vsp D.14)80/12 : Þa Judees heo þa hælsodan þurh heora æ hweðer hit soð wære, & heo ealle sworen þæt hit eall soð wære.\na1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)213 : Þe sullere lat sumdel of his lofe, and swereð þat he hit nele lasse selle; þe beggere ecneð his bode, and swereð þat he nele more geuen.\nc1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)4/22 : Inwið beoð his hinen in se moni mislich þonc to cwemen wel þe husewif aʒein godes wille & swerieð somet reaðliche þat efter hire hit schal gan.\nc1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)52/7 : He eft secheð his point forte breoke foreward, swereð he mot nede.\na1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1964 : Nile he blinnen, swilc sorwe he cliued, Til him he sweren ðat he liued.\nc1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7122 : Harald..suor raþer he wolde Ʒiue þe duc of normandie of tresour & of golde.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.949 : Thow woldest make me kisse thyn olde breech And swere it were a relyk of a seint.\na1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)11723 : Ananyas þan swore hym þore he solde hys þyng, for no more.\nc1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)7.51 : Ich swor ich sauh hit.\na1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)226 : Þe barons..sworen þat sir Fortagere Was a douʒhty mon of dede.\na1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)9743 : Ʒe wolden that j swore that hit were trewe þat j tolde ʒow to-fore.\nc1450(c1375) Chaucer Anel.(Benson-Robinson)122 : He wolde preyen her to swere What was that word.\nc1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)284 : Som man..Wol shewen outward the fayreste, Tyl he have caught..what him leste; And thanne..swere how that she ys unkynde.\nc1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1215 : Halff a myle fro þe floode There is a churche..Of seint Iohn, and..men swere That þe water þat renneth there Cometh fro the bodie of seint Iohn, Þere erst bifore was neuer noon.\n(a1461) Paston2.199 : He swoor þat he neuer seide þat he was beten.\na1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)208/1762 : He..swor as deply as he myght, He was a fend and noman in fyght.\na1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)188/2 : When he dyd se þat Crist schold be dede, þen [he] swor and stant þat he neuer knewe Crist.\na1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)9/13 : Al þat we more sweriʒeð, swo it is euel and senne.\na1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)79/4 : Se ðe swereð soð his nexte, þat is, his emcristenn, and him naht ne beswikð mid none chiepinge..ðese muʒen wuniʒen on godes telde.\n(1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)6/27 : Þe ilke þet zuereþ zoþ be his wytinde and alneway uor naʒt..ake liʒtliche and wyþ-oute sclondre zuereþ liʒtliche.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Eccl.9.2 : Alle thyngys euenely comen to þe riʒtwis & to þe vnpytous..as a forsworn so & he þat soþ swerþ.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.593 : Thow shalt swere sooth, for euery lesynge is agayns Crist.\n(a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.5178 : Helas That evere such a man was bore, Which whan he hath his trouthe suore..scholde Evere after in his herte finde To falsen and to ben unkinde.\nc1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)20.160 : Her syre was a sysour þat neure swore treuthe.\nc1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1825 : Ho raʒt hym a riche rynk..he..swere swyftel his sothe, þat he hit sese nolde.\na1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)32/13 : Þe Lord swoor [L Iurauit] truþe to Dauiþ, and shal not deceiue him.\nc1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)753 : Swere thy trouthe therto.\nc1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)219/6508 : Þis partyng doth me sore, Hit doth, hit doth, hit nede no more ben sore [?read: swore].\na1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.227 : Þey synnyn dedlyche, sweryn þey soth, sweryn þei fals.\na1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)415 : So thei to hym swore no fals thyng.\nc1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)6.44 : Piers..gan to swere: 'I nolde fonge a ferþing for seint Thomas shryne.'\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4200 : Herigal þa seide, & mid muðe hit sweor, þat Euelin i ðon dæi dæd sculde þolien.\na1300 Sayings St.Bede (Jes-O 29)19 : Ah ich hit segge and swerie, 'If we vre suppen herye..He vs wille werye.'\n(c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)647 : Soth it is, þat men seyt and suereth: 'Þer god wile helpen, nouth no dereth.'\na1350 Horn (Hrl 2253)72/1257 : Hue suoren alle ant seyde þat hure non him wreyede.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.32.10 : Þe sonys of Irael..wentyn not yn to þe coostys þat þe lord ʒaf to hem, þe which, wrooþ, swar [vr. swaar; WB(2): swoor], seying, 'þes men shole not seen..þe lond þat..y byhiʒte to abraham.'\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.21.1 : Þe sones forsoþe of Israel haddyn sworn in Maspha & seidyn, 'Noon of vs schal ʒifyn to þe sonys of Benjamyn of his dowʒtris a wif.'\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 21.17 : Þanne þe men to dauiþ swooren, seynge, 'now þou schalt not gon out wiþ vs in to bataile.'\nc1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)999 : Comen folk of Grece and Alisaundre..And sworen and seiden veire Alisaundre was fals ayre.\nc1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2645 : I hooly resigne..to perseuere to myn endyng day Ʒour trew spouse, as I haue said and sworne.\n(c1422) Hoccl.JWife (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)167 : He seide and swoor al þat he cowde swere.\n?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)20137 : Þar bune to haf, þai said and suar, In britaine suld þai cum na mar.\n?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)71 : Scho ansuerd hym and sayd and suare Erthly thyng lofyt scho neuyr mare.\na1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)631 : Ofte it fals was þat I swoer or spak, ffor þe desire feruent of couetyse.\nc1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)617 : Folke in þat cuntre sayn and swere That mastik groweth noowhere but there.\n(a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)610/9 : I have sworne and seyde over largely afore kynge Arthure.\nIn conditional or adversative clauses introduced by ac, al-though, if that, though, etc.: to vow the opposite, assert the contrary; also, swear (sth.) to the contrary, vow the opposite of (sth.); forswear (sth.), renounce; also, in conditional clauses introduced by inverted word order [last 2 quots.].\nc1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)51/25 : Ah þah ich hefde isworen hit, luuien ich mot te.\na1300 Þene latemeste dai (Jes-O 29)60 : Ne myhte no tunge telle..Þe stronge pyne of helle, þauh he hedde iswore.\nc1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1011 : Ac þei þai it hadde al y-swore, Þai no miʒt do him speke no more.\n(c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1089 : Fortune hath yeuen vs this aduersitiee, Som wikke aspect..Of Saturne..Hath yeuen vs this, al thogh we hadde it sworn.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.403 : Vnnethe trowed they -- but dorste han swore -- That to Ianicle..She doghter were.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.681 : That science is so fer vs biforn, We mowen nat, al thogh we hadde it sworn, It ouertake.\na1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)15150 : Better hit is þat oon mon deʒe þen al þe folk be lorn, And þat þis ilke Ihesus..Hit may not be done bifore þis folk þouʒe we had sworne.\nc1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.6914 : Ʒe schal faille Of ʒour purpos..Maugre ʒoure myʒt, þouʒ ʒe had it sworne.\na1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)35/3 : Alle kyngis muste..reckenyng to make of alle þe werkis þat þei han wrouʒte..þouʒ þei hadde it sworne, may þei it not forsake.\na1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)148/64 : This gadlyng schall agayne, Yf þat þe deuyll had sworne.\nc1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)699 : Lo, here ys a yomandrye wyth loweday to dres! Ande þe Deule hade swore yt, þey wolde ber wp falsnes Ande maynten yt at þe best.\na1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)1745 : The knyʒtys bolde Myʒten nouʒt hem withholde, thouʒ thay hadde y-sworn.\na1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)80/83 : May I wyt when that boy is borne; In certan, had the dwyll hit sworne, that gadlyng shuld agane.\na1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8939 : In a signe þat men calle Pissis..alle þat ben þen y-borne Shullen ben greyhored, had þei it sworne.\nTo assent (to sth.) with an oath, swear assent.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.176 : With hertly wyl they sworen and assenten To al this thyng; ther seyde no wight nay.\na1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)3305 : Whan Arthur herd thys nevyn, Trewly ther-to he hathe sworne.\na1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.180 : It is leful þat whan bretheryn schul ben receyuyd in swyche fraternytes þat þey hotyn a certeyn monye be ʒere to þe fraternyte for honest causis..but for to don hem sweryn to þat comenant it is nout good.\n(a) To take (an oath); utter (an oath) either solemnly or profanely; -- freq. with inf. or that clause expressing the content of the oath; also without that; ~ fals sweringes, ~ mon oth, swear falsely, commit perjury; (b) ~ gret oth(es, to curse, blaspheme; (c) ~ bond with (oth mid) right honde, to swear a pledge (an oath) with (one's) right hand joined to another's in confirmation [cp. sense 1c.]; ~ oth upon the bok, swear an oath with one's hand symbolically touching a book in confirmation of what is sworn [cp. sense 1b.(a)].\na1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1100 : Hine syððan æfter þam se biscop of Lundene Mauricius to cynge gehalgode, & him ealle on þeosan lande to abugan & aðas sworan.\na1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1109 : Se cyng Henri..his hired on Westmynstre heold; Ðær wurdon þa forewearda full worhte & þa aðas gesworene his dohter þam Casere to gifene.\na1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1127 : He was an hæfod, ða að to swerene & witnesse to berene þær ða eorles sunu of Normandi & þes eorles dohter of Angeow wæron to twemde for sibreden.\nc1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4480 : Þehhtennde bodeword wass sett..Þatt tu ne swere nan manaþ Forr lufe ne forr eʒʒe.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)328 : Þe king wes swiðe wrað & swar muchelne oað þat nolde he þonne faren.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)354 : Brutus him swar an æð breken þat he hit nælde.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4468 : Heo makeden heore foreward..Æðes þer weoren isworene.\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6520 : Ʒif þu wult me swærie aðes, ich wulle don of þe þas claðes.\nc1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)51/24 : Hwa se þus seide..& swereð deope aðes.\nc1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)73/1249 : Hi sworen oþes holde Þat neure ne scholde Horn neure bitraie.\nc1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1998 : Þov wost wel alle þe lewede Men þat beoth In his londe Ne sweriez him nouʒt þene oth.\na1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1245 : Seint Peter sede þat he ne knew him nouʒt & grete oþes swor þer-to.\nc1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7351 : Nede oþ isuore, nede ibroke was.\nc1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)351 : Ferst þai sworen him an oþ Þai schuld him neuer waite loþ.\na1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2692 : He swor his oþ þat he asent nold.\nc1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)1045 : Y..haue myn oþ y-swered þat y schal..þe heþene lay for-sake.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.708 : Many a grisly ooth thanne han they sworn, And Cristes blessed body they to rente.\na1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2737 : A man þat swereþ fals swerynges..forsakeþ..Þe ioye of heuene.\na1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1618 : Drightun..be his right hand..suar [Frf: squere; Göt: suuar; Arms: swoor] his ath þat þai suld all thole schammes deid.\na1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3542 : Þou sal suere [Frf: squere] me a nath þat þou sal neuer forth..In þi forbirth do claim na right.\na1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4650 : Al þat barunage..To þis ioseph an ath..suare [Frf: square].\na1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5433 : Þar-till an ath he him suare [Frf: square].\na1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6472 : Ne aythes mani [?read: man] ne suere [Frf: squere] þou nan.\na1400 Falsenes I vnderstande (Mert 248)11 : Tort and fort as shoren [?read: sworen] þar owth, þat law sal lose is ouer-cloþe.\na1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4834 : They falsen ladies traitoursly And swerne hem othes vtterly With many a lesyng and many a fable.\n?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)p.269 : Alle schul swere the same ogth Of the masonus, ben they luf, ben they loght.\nc1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)13521 : Þerfor grett athes scho sware to venge hyr vilansly.\n?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)54/85 : The secund precept..Swere none othis.\na1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)15/29 : The Pees was graunted whan he hit be-soght, vp-on good Ostagis, and othis y-Sworne [Dub: I-swer], that he to His Lord Macmurgh shold be trewe.\na1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)25/26 : Whan this was comynly..know, and othis sworn [Dub: I-shwerne] on euery Syde al this trewely to kepe, Anothyr thynge was spokyn be-twen them.\nc1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)102/21 : Þe Seoueðe is blasphemie; þis hwelpes nurrice is, þe swereð [Cai: swered] greate aþes, oðer bitterliche curseð.\n?c1335 Nou ihc for þi (Hrl 913)23 : Whan ʒe sweriþ gret oþis, In rode þou piltist him apan.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.601 : What seye we eek of hem that deliten hem in sweryng and holden it a gentrie or a manly dede to swere grete othes?\nc1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)1.36 : Þat wollen neyþer swynke ne swete, bote swery grete oþes..Þat Paul prechiþ of hem..Qui turpiloquium loquitur.\n(a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)36/8 : Boþe swyers & ʒemen..sworyn many gret oþis & spokyn many rekles wordys.\n?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)4165 : Þe Iewes þen were ful wroþe And sweren many a grete oþe.\nc1450 Earth(3) (Cmb Ii.4.9)33/52 : When erth vp-on erth be-gynnys to be wroth, Erth vpon erth swerys many a gret othe.\nc1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)581 : Þanne heo scholden swerien heore oth opon þe boke, i-wis, Þat heo ne scholden purchaci non vuel.\nc1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7364 : Harald adde is oþ ibroke þat he suor mid is riʒt hond.\nc1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)322 : Ne your bond That ye have sworn [vr. sworen] with your ryght hond, Ne my crewel deth..May holde yow stille here with me!\nTo use (a sacred name) in an oath, appeal to or invoke (a deity, God's bones, the heart of Christ, etc.) by an oath.\nc1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)11/113 : Ne lef þu nawt, leoue feader, þet tu offeare me swa; ich swerie aʒein þe ihesu crist godes sune..þah ich cwic beo forbearnd baðe lim & lið ileitinde leie, Nulle ich þe her onont þreate se þu þreate buhe ne beien.\na1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3498 : Tac ðu nogt in idel min name, Ne swer it les to fele in gamen.\nc1330 Why werre (Auch)273 : Nu nis no squier of pris in this middel erd But if that he bere..a long berd And swere Godes soule and vuwe to God and hote.\n(1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)6/21 : Huo þet zuereþ wiþ-oute skele þane name of oure lhorde..he him uorzuerþ.\na1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)608-9 : Swere nat hys name yn ydulnys; whan þou yn ydulnes swerest hys name, Þou dost hym bere wytnes of blame.\nc1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.376 : I haue trespassed with my tonge, I can nouʒte telle how ofte, Sworen goddes soule.\n?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Prelates (Corp-C 296)60 : What tokene of mekenesse..is þis: a prelat..to ride wiþ foure score hors..& many..men swerynge herte & bonys & nailis & oþere membris of crist?\n(?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.1669 : Folk obstynat of purpos..Nat afferd to suere Goddis bonys With horrible othes of bodi flessh & blood..Reende hym of newe as thei wolde haue hym ded.\na1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)574 : Godes naym we sal not tak in vayn, Ne swer it bot for thyng sartayn.\n(a) To utter a profane oath, blaspheme, curse; use profane language habitually; also, utter an oath casually or as a mere intensive; swear as an expression of anger or annoyance, in an imprecation, or as a profane affirmation; (b) ~ adoun, to overwhelm (sb.) with cursing; (c) inf. as noun: habitual cursing, blaspheming.\n(1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)30/9 : Uor zome misual..ha grocheþ aye our lhord and euele þonkeþ god and his halʒen and zuereþ and blasfemeþ aye god and his halʒen.\nc1350 How GWife(1) (Em 106)160/42 : Whanne þou gest in þe gate..Braundiz noʒt þin heued..Be noʒt of mani wordis, ne swer [vr. to swere be þou not leef] þou noʒt to grete.\n1372 ME Verse in Grimestone PB (Adv 18.7.21)p.20 : De Iuramento: Lawe an los..And defaute of rith maket man to sueren in nede [L iurare licenter].\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.17.2 : Þe thowsend hundred platis of siluer..vp on þe whiche, me heerynge, þou swore [WB(2): sworist].\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.1171 : 'Sire parisshe prest,' quod he, 'for goddes bones Tel vs a tale'..The persoun hym answerde, 'benedicite! What eyleth the man so synfully to swere?'\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.591 : For Cristes sake, ne swereth nat so synfully in dismembrynge of Crist by soule, herte, bones, and body.\n(a1392) Clanvowe 2 Ways (UC 97)72/581 : Þei..woln waaste þe goodis þat God hath sent hem..and sweren faste and drynken and ianglen to muche.\na1400 NVPsalter (Eg 614)34.19 : Þai swered [Vsp: snered] whit snerynge to se.\n?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)278/2 : Þei entren to þe tablis of tauernes Þere þei swere and forswere hem opinly and doon manye oþire defawtis.\n(1447) Shillingford23 : Y charge Germyn..þt he do that he can do, braule, bragge, and brace, lye and swere well to.\nc1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)55/13 : The people..swer horrybely at the formacion of euery woorde by the tourmentys of our lordis passion.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3845 : With othes grete he was so sworn adoun That he was holden wood in al the toun.\n(1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)56/36 : Þe tauerne ys þe scole of þe dyeule..alle uelþe he tekþ þer: glotounye, lecherie, zuerie, uorzuerie..reneye god.\n(a) In phrase: ben sworen, to be bound by an oath or a solemn compact; with inf. or that clause: be bound by an oath (to do sth., that one will do sth., etc.); ben sworen togederes; impers. hit was sworen that, it was accorded that (sb. do sth.); servaunt sworen, a bond servant; (b) ben sworen to, to be bound by an oath or a solemn pledge to (a course of action, chastity, a religious rule, articles, etc.), be pledged to (someone's confidence); ben sworen to deth, be sworn to bring about (someone's) death; ben sworen unto, be pledged to (sth.); sworen to armes; (c) ben sworen on (upon), to be bound by an oath taken with the hand symbolically laid upon (an object) in confirmation of what is sworn [cp. sense 1b.]; -- freq. with inf. or that clause expressing the content of the oath; don sworen upon, cause (sb.) to be bound by an oath taken with the hand laid upon (sth.); sworen upon.\nc1330 Why werre (Auch)243 : Alle theih beth i-sworne holi churche holde to rihte.\n(1348) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.3 : That non entermete of the Crafte aforsaide but if he be sworne afore the goode folke of the crafte to wirke treuly aftir þe pointes ordeined.\n?c1350 Why werre (Peterh 104)p.5 : The erchedeknes that beth sworn To visite holy cherche..wolleth take mede Of on and of other.\n(a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.191 : Þre hondred ʒong men were i-swore [L sacramento astricti] to gidres and lyuede in felawschippe by hemself, as it were a companye of priue conspiracie aʒenst þe citee.\n(a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1513 : This knyht hath levere forto dye Than breke his trowthe and forto lye In place ther as he was swore.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1464 : The philosophres sworn were euerichoon That they sholden discouere it vn to noon.\n(1415) Doc.Conspir.Hen.V in D.K.R.43584 : Skrop was sworn thre zer be fore to gedur to holde and forther ye same mater.\nc1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2937 : Ʒe schul þe ordre & þe maner se How sche wrouʒt after he was swore.\n?a1425(a1400) Brut-1377 (Corp-C 174)304/23 : Hit was acorded, graunted, and swore bytwene þe King of Fraunce & þe King of Engelond þat he shulde haue aʒen al his landez and lordshipps.\n?c1430(?1382) Wycl.Pet.Parl.(Corp-C 296)515 : Þis is an old custome, þe whiche oure kyng, lordis, and prelatis ben sworen to susteyne and meynteyne.\n(1431) EEWills88 : To Maude Wilbe, xx li.; so am y sworne.\nc1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)117/3511 : Him in gre take as yowre servaunt sowre [read: swore] To gefe yow gift..my good wille.\n?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)25/1 : Neuer let youre hert turne to loue none other but me, and therof y am suore.\n?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)26/27 : They were suoren that none shulde late his wiff haue weting of her wager.\n1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)8/20 : Yf kynge Uther wille..be sworne unto me to fulfille my desyre, that shall be his honour and profite.\na1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1156 : There were ten thousand, y dar wel say, That were swore to turne hym agayn.\na1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)29 : The kynge made..certeyn gentilmen..to be sworne to do truly his massage.\na1325 *Rwl.Statutes [OD col.] (Rwl B.520)lf.32b : Eche man..i suuore ant assised to armes..þat is to wite, to viftene pond worth of londe.\n(c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1583 : Arcite, false traytour wikke..art my blood and to my counseil sworn.\n(a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2536 : To this point withoute faile This kniht..Is swore, and stant of his acord.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.18 : As of the secte of which that he was born He kepte his lay, to which that he was sworn.\na1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)135/270 : To chastite þan was scho sworn.\n?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)p.269 : Alle these poyntes hyrbefore, To hem thou most nede be yswore.\nc1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)368 : A kyng to kepe his lyges in justice..that is his office; And therto is a kyng ful depe ysworn.\n(1447) Shillingford25 fn. : We have yn oure right..to labore for the right that y am sworne to, for truly y woll not be so rebuked ne y dulled.\na1450(a1400) Titus & V.(Add 36523)2458 : Herodes efte to his [Jesus'] deth was sworn.\nc1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)55 : If he ne will noghte to oure lawe be sworne, He sall be hangede or oþer morne.\nc1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)1.245 : God yeve me grace..To folwe þe steppes of my faderis be-fore, Wiche to the revle of Austyn were swore.\n(1453) LRed Bk.Bristol2.200 : The saide preest to take his othe vppon a boke dueli..to kepe his saide deuine seruice after the fourme of this composicion, And so yerly to be sworne to the saam.\n(a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)123/15 : Ther were chose eke xxiiii lordis whech schuld gouerne the kyngdam, and herto was þe kyng swore.\n(a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)140/10 : Sir Damas and he were agreed that he sholde fyght for hym uppon this covenaunte..And unto that was sir Damas sworne unto Arthur, and also he to do the batayle to the uttermoste.\n?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)168/169 : Hyest Fadyr..I to ʒour lawe Am sworn.\n(1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)48/17 : Þey schul be swore vpon a book to þe brotherhede.\n(1428) Doc.in Sur.Soc.852 : John Holgate come before the sayd Mayr, and he, sworn apon a buke, sayd yat John Lyllyng sent hym..iij c. & di. of landyren, and iiij c. and mo peces of fals drosseyren.\n(1441) Indent.Oxf.in RS 50.2525 : Goodes and catell weren preysyd be-thwexte Thomas Smyth and Davy Dyker, and sowrne [?read: sworne] upon a book before John Wykam þe bedyll to preyse everythyng as hyt was worth be there conscience.\n(1443) Doc.Trade in BRS 778 : Please it your lordschip..þat thei be first sworne upon a booke to sey þe trouth of þat þei shull be examyned upon.\nc1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)407 : He haþ do me swore Vp-on hys fawchoun bryʒt Þat Y ne schall neuer-more..Soiourne day ne nyʒt.\na1500(c1465) SEChron.(Lamb 306:Everett)16 : He was sworne upon a boke that he shulde have wedded Duke Williams bastard doughter of Normandye.\na1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)947 : Ye schall be sworne on bokeys gode That ye schall wende to the wode.\n(a) To pledge fealty (to sb.), swear allegiance or loyalty;(b) ben sworen, of a person, kingdom, city, etc.: to be bound by a pledge of allegiance or fealty (to sb.); -- also with inf.; also, be bound by a pledge of secrecy [quot. c1390]; ppl. sworen, pledged in allegiance (to sb., a craft); (c) ben sworen as brether, to be bound to one another by an oath of brotherhood; also fig.; sworen brother (brether), brother (brether) sworen, sworn brother(s; (d) maken sworen to, to cause (sb.) to be bound by an oath of allegiance to (sb.).\na1350 SMChron.(RwlPoet 145)463 : [Roy: Thider to him he made come] The knyghtes of walis alle and some, Hame to swery & othes holde And trew to be.\n(a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)74a/a : To no man he holdiþ fay ne couenaunt..þe king & prince swoot [read: swoor; vr. swore] to ham, and þanne..he siʒ þe strengþe & brak anon þe ooþ & trewis.\nc1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2104 : Sone Cecile he with his seggis entrid, Þar sere citis of þa sidis to him-selfe sweren.\nc1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5520 : Sire..ich was ysuore to him ar to þe.\nc1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3608 : Bieu sengours, Ʒe ben yswore to king Arthours.\n(a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.435 : Eneas com in to Itali and was confedered and i-swore [L confoederatus est] to kyng Euander.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1331 : For loue and affiance..been they sworn, and her vp on they kiste.\na1400(a1325) Glo.Chron.B (Trin-C R.4.26)845/95 : Þis amperesse & þe vrl of angeo..hi þoute wourche wo, Vor þe kinedom of engelond to ham was ek y-swore.\n?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.168 : Now is Cipres lorn fro Isaac..& to R. suorn.\n?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)25976 : Þe kyng of mar-cherie, peandas, Vencuste, to him þus suore he was.\nc1432 Bishop Notes in PMLA 49 (Cmb Dd.14.2)458 : Hit is ordeyned þat Parys..And many Townes in Arters, Pycardye shul be swore to vre kyng.\nc1450(c1430) Brut-1430 (Glb E.8)432/5 : A toune..callid Mouns in Heuland..was sworen to hym to be goode and trewe.\n(1474-5) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.43 : Theis ben the brethren that ben of the Contre Sworn to the kyng & þe Craft.\na1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)166 : No man shulde, but if that he wer sworn To the Romaynes with hert, body, & myht Ay to be trewe, receyve the ordre of knyht.\na1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)90 : In Wallyngforde he was borne; All that londe to hym was sworne.\na1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)106/21 : That doubted duke..was so customed to ouircome that him semed to haue ben aboue fortune and..also that God and the desteneys war sworn to him.\n1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.392 : Whiche dukes twoo were sworne and aliede With the regent to stand strongly fortified.\na1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)824 : He woren breðere of kinde boren, And abram woren he breðre sworen.\nc1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)6379 : Þou ast þin owe louerd..To so vile deþe ybroʒt, þat was mi broþer ysuore.\nc1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)4908 : Ich wil þat we be treuþe-pliʒt & sworn breþer anon riʒt.\n(c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1132 : It were to thee..no greet honour For to be fals..To me that am thy cosyn and thy brother Ysworn ful depe.\nc1390 Þe wyse mon in (Vrn)148 : Good schame, holynesse, & curtesye As Breþuren ben sworen.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.Fri.(Manly-Rickert)D.1405 : Euerich in ootheres hond his trouthe leith For to be sworn bretheren til they deye.\nc1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.1904 : Þei token me..And Alphenor, myn owne broþer sworn.\n(1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)484 : Swore Brothyr: Confederatus.\nc1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)2101 : I wol ensuren the..That I shal..be thyn owne sworen brother!\nc1460 Oseney Reg.5/2 : Robert Doyly and Roger of Iuory, sworne brethren and i-confederyd or i-bownde euerich to other by feythe and sacrament, come to the conquest of Inglonde with Kyng William bastarde.\na1475 Rev.St.Bridget (Gar 145)92/17 : I stirred the kynge..to..yeve londes longynge to his crown to a grete prince of a noþer realme, my swor brother.\na1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)4834 : His sworn broder he was in sothfastnes.\nc1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)700 : Þay made hyme sworne to Sir Gawane..And sythene, a knyghte of þe tabylle rownde.\n(a) In phrase: ben sworen, to be admitted to office by having a formal oath administered, be sworn into office; be appointed to perform a function or service by having an oath administered; also, with noun complement denoting the office or service to which one is sworn: ben sworen lege-man (kinges), be sworn as liegeman (kings); ppl. sworen, appointed by formal or prescribed oath to an office or a function; (b) ben sworen upon the bok, to be sworn into office with an oath taken while symbolically placing the hand upon a book [cp. sense 1b.(a)].\nc1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15036 : Kinges heo weoren ihouene & kinges isworene.\nc1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11951 : Þus sixe..Chose, þo hii were isuore, sixe oþere after þis.\n(1363) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.8 : The which folk so chosen and sworn shull haue full power of þe mair for that wele and trewly to do and performe.\na1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)p.48 : Þer sholde be twey baylyues y-swore in þe Citee.\na1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)p.72 : Sexe godemen shulde be y-chose by þe commune grauntynge and y-swore, þre of þe foure and twenty and þre of þe commune to gadery þilke talage.\na1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)p.82 : Þe seal by-fore y-seyd shal be y-weted vndur þre heuedes..twey godemen of þe fowre and twenty y-swore sholle kepe þe two, and a godeman of þe commune þe þrydde.\nc1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)53 : But a forne that suerte shal be receyved in the maner a foreseyd, the ballyves shul doon taxen the wast be xij men sworyne, ʒif it was not taxed a forne.\n(1446) Will York in Sur.Soc.30124 : I will yat..myne executors..opon ye takyng of mynistracion of my will be sworn in ye fourme of lawe.\na1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)46b : A kniʒt..is chosen by sacrament of ooþ and sworn to kniʒthode.\n?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)910 : Saynt Mathie..In a tolboþe..stonde, For he was..a sworne baillye And toke þe tol of marchaundye.\nc1450(c1430) Brut-1430 (Glb E.8)423/33 : In this pauylown and tente..shuld no pepull come but tho that werne sworen on bothe sidis to the Counseille, vp peyne of dethe.\n(1453) LRed Bk.Bristol2.200 : The saide preste so sworne and put in possession of the saide Chaunterie shall be expectant and attendaunt in the saide Chauntarie.\n(1472-3) RParl.6.29b : John than was sworen the Kyngs true Liegeman.\nc1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)236 : Thenne were þou noʒt ryʒ[t]lye sworne..Whenne þou tokest þe þy crowne -- kynge whenne þou made were -- To done aftur Maturbryne, for þenne þou shalt mysfare.\n(a1439) LRed Bk.Bristol2.171 : Two maisters of the seid crafte..be chosen..and here names to be presented to the Maire in full Court..and there to be suorne vpon the boke.\n(a) To give sworn testimony in a court of law or in legal proceedings; also, with noun clause: testify on oath (that sb. did sth., whether sth. is so, etc.); ~ commaundements, promise on oath to comply with legal instructions; (b) ppl. sworen, bound by legal oath, under oath; sworen bi othes.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Par.6.22 : If any man synneþ in to his neʒebore & redy coome to swern aʒens hym & bi curs bynde hym befor þe auter in þis hous, þou schalt heeryn fro heuene.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.663 : If this knyght wol sweren how that she This womman slow, yet wol we vs auyse Whom that we wole that shal been oure iustise.\n(c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.594 : Thow shalt sweren eek in doom whan thow art constreyned by thy domesman to witnessen the trouthe.\nc1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)6.57 : Clerkes þat aren crouned of kynde vnderstondyng Sholde noþer swynke ne swete ne swere at enquestes.\n(a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)114/13 : Þe gouernorys of þe town..toke..tweyn pilgrimys..be-for þe Meyr..compellyng hem to sweryn ʒyf þe..creatur wer a woman of þe ryth feyth.\n(1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)94/6 : He was reqwyred to come be-fore þe iuges & make þer a bodely oth wheythir he was gilty in þis mater or nowt, But þis refused he, for he saide he had leuer be exiled þan swere.\nc1453(c1437) Brut-1436 (Hrl 53)577/17 : William Bullyon..knowlegit þat he promyset hem to give hem warnyng of þe comyng of þe Duyk of Glouceister..but he sware he thoughte neuer to have warnet hem.\n(1467-8) *Plea & Mem.R.Lond.GildhA 88.4 : The said Margarete, Thomas Wayte..by their corporall othes sware all the Comaumentez aboue-rehersed.\nc1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)739 : Mynde: They fors not to swere and starre.\na1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.235 : Why ley men her hond on þe book whan þey schul sweryn aforn a iuge?\n(c1396) Doc.in Bk.Lond.E.233/2 : We, Iswore as fore þe kynges proffit by owre othes..presentyn þat Thomas Bradle, John Spaldyng..betyn down a peire berseles by force & armes.\n(1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)484 : Sworyn, or chargyd be othe: Juratus, adjuratus.\n(1451) Pet.Hen.VI in Archaeol.Ael.n.s.3186 : Suche loste..be..proved..by the examinacion of..two trewe credible persones sworne wittenessyng the same.\nc1460 Oseney Reg.90/5 : Þe saide Executours, i-swere, denyed, as þey dyde afore.\nTo plot, conspire; ~ (togeder) ayenes, conspire against (sb.).\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 22.8 : For ʒee alle han sworn [WB(2): swore, ether conspirid] to gidere [L coniurastis] aʒenst me.\n(a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Par.33.24 : Whan his ser-uauntis hadden sworn to gidere aʒens hym, þei sloowyn hym in his hous.\na1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)4 Kings 9.14 : Therfor Hieu..swoor to gidere [WB(1): coniured; L Coniuravit] aʒens Joram.\nc1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.41 : Al dai myn enemyes dispiseden me, and þei þat preisiden me, sworen [Vulg.Ps.101.9: iurabant] aʒenes me.\n?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)124a : To Swere..conspirare.\nIn asseverations, often with diminished force and denoting mere readiness to take an oath upon the fact: ich swere (hit, ich dar (wel) swere, etc.\nc1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2127 : Y wold þe litel gode, Ac y þe wraied neuer day, Y swere bi godes rode.\n(c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.454 : Hir couerchiefs ful fyne were of ground; I dorste swere they weyeden ten pound.\n(c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1220 : For thogh the feend to hire ycoupled were She wolde hym ouermacche, I dar wel swere.\na1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5627 : Y hyt had at Pers honde; Þat dar y swere on þe halydom Here before ʒow.\nc1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2116 : Mark of Rome and þe duk of Tyberye None better nere, J swerie.\nc1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2391 : Brian..he hytt Byneþen þe shelde on þe wombe..Wiþ Alisaunder neren, Ich swere, Nouʒth wel fele wiʒttere.\na1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7636 : Trustith wel, I swere it yow, That it is clene out of his thought.\na1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)1344 : Bote by my sowle, y dar wel sweore, His wreched lif he schal forlete.\nc1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)6827 : Who that lyst may thys beleve, For I dar sweren yt on a booke.\nc1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)2382 : There beth..The queintist beestis..That ben as mochil as is an hors..more burthein he wil bere Than twenti hors, I dare welle swere.\n?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)172/111 : Qwenys gyn grone in werdl aboute..I dare well swere.\na1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1610 : Ne lay he nouʒt long, y swere by sent symoun.\na1500 Almyʒty godde conserue (Trin-C O.9.38)49 : Y dere well swery by the sonne, Yf euery mane had thys woord yn thowʒt, Meny thynggis had neuer be by-gunne.\nTo proclaim (a tournament); also, with adv., introducing directly quoted speech: ~ oute, proclaim (certain specified words).\n(a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1085/4 : There was sworne a grete turnement betwyxt kyng Arthure and the kynge of North Galis.\na1500 Eglam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)1249 : Harowdes of armes swore owt [Thrn: he gart cry] than, 'Yf ther be ony gentylman To make hys body gode.'\nTo establish (Christianity).\na1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)2 : Sythe þe tyme þat god was borne And Crystendome was set and sworne [F establi fu], Mane aventewres hathe befalle.


Central Seven feat. Lyck - If I Were You ( Remix) » Обменник » Smart-Planet.ru - игры, программы, темы для смартфона на Android, iOS, WP, Symbian бесплатно\nГде я: Главная страница » Обменник » Музыка » Полные песни » Central Seven feat. Lyck - If I Were You ( Remix)\nОбменник » Музыка » Полные песни » Central Seven feat. Lyck - If I Were You ( Remix) RSS-лента категории\nCentral Seven feat. Lyck - If I Were You ( Remix) - MP3\nОписание к файлу Central Seven feat. Lyck - If I Were You ( Remix) - MP3:\nНазвание: If I were you (Rocco vs. Bass-T Remix)\nИсполнитель: Central Seven feat. Lyck\nБитрэйт: 256kb/s 44.1kHz\nТэги: Central Seven, Lyck, If I were you, Rocco, Bass-T, Dancecore, Dance\n2011-02-02 Kate Ryan - Voyage Voyage (Central Seven Remix)\n2014-06-10 Nursing Central - 2.1\n2015-03-02 Egypt Central - Surrender\n2015-03-02 Egypt Central - Taking You Down\nКомментарии к файлу Central Seven feat. Lyck - If I Were You ( Remix) - MP3


AElfric: Preface to the Catholic Homilies / Old English\nI have here used Peter Clemoes' edition of the text as printed in Ælfric's Catholic Homilies - The First Series.\nIc ÆLFRIC munuc 7 mæssepreost, swa ðeah waccre þonne swilcum hadum gebyrige. wearð asend on æþelredes dæge cyninges fram ælfeage biscope aðelwoldes æftergengan to sumum mynstre þe is cernel gehaten, þurh æðelmæres bene ðæs þegenes. his gebyrd 7 goodnys sind gehwær cuþe;\nÞa beárn me on mode ic truwige ðurh godes gife. ic ðas boc of ledenum gereorde to engliscre spræce awende. na þurh gebylde mycelre lare. ac for ðan ðe ic geseah 7 gehyrde mycel gedwyld on manegum engliscum bocum. ðe ungelærede menn ðurh heora bilewitnysse to micclum wisdome tealdon. 7 me ofhreow hí ne cuðon ne næfdon ða godspellícan lare on heora gewritum. buton ðam mannum anum ðe leden cuðon. buton þam bocum ðe ælfred cyning snoterlice awende of ledende on englisc. ða synd to hæbenne;\nFor ðisum antimbre ic gedyrstlæhte on gode truwiende ic ðas gesetnysse undergann. 7 eac for ðam ðe menn behofiað godre lare siðost on þisum timan þe is geendung þyssere worulde. 7 beoð fela frecednyssa on mancynne ær ðan þe se ende becume. swa swa ure drihten on his godspelle cwæð to his learning-cnihtum; þonne beoð swilce | gedreccednyssa swilce næron næfre ær fram frymðe middangeardes;\nManega lease cristas cumað on minum naman cweðendeb ic eom crist. 7 wyrcað fela tacna 7 wundra to bepæcenne mancynn. 7 eac swylce ða gecorenan men gif hit gewurþan mæg;\n7 butan se ælmihtiga god ða dagas gescyrte. eall mennisc forwurde ac for his gecorenum he gescyrte ða dagas;\nGehwá mæg þe eaðelicor þa to|weardan costnunge acuman ðurh godes fultum. gif hé bið þurh bóclice lare getrymmed. for ðan ðe ða beoð gehealdene þe oð ende on geleafan þurhwuniað;\nFela gedreccednyssa 7 earfoðnysse becumað on ðissere worulde ær hire geendunge. 7 þa synd ða bydelas þæs ecan forwyrdes on yfelum mannum þe for heora mándædum siððan ecelice ðrowiað on ðære sweartan helle;\nÞonne cymð se antecrist se bið mennisc mann 7 soð deofol swa swa ure hælend is soðlice mann. 7 god on anum hade;\n7 se gesewenlica deofol þonne wyrcð ungerima wundra. 7 cwyð he sylf god beo. 7 wile neadian mancynn to his gedwylde. ac his tima ne bið na langsum. for þan þe godes grama hine fordeð. 7 ðeos weoruld bið siððan geendod;\nCrist ure drihten gehælde untrume 7 adlige. 7 þes deofol þe is gehaten antecrist. is gereht ðwyrlic crist. aleuað 7 geuntrumað þa halan. 7 nænne ne gehælð fram untrumnyssum. buton þam anum þe he sylf ær awyrde;\nHé 7 his gingran awyrdað manna lichaman digellice þurh deofles cræft. 7 gehælað hí openlice on manna gesihþe. ac hé ne mæg nænne gehælan. þe god sylf ær geuntrumode;\nHe neadað þurh yfelnysse men sceolon bugan fram heora scyppendes geleafan to his leasungum. se ðe is ord ælcere leasunge 7 yfelnysse;\nSe ælmihtiga god geðafað þam arleasan antecriste. to wyrcenne tácna 7 wundra. 7 ehtnysse to feorþan healfan geare. for þan ðe on ðam timan bið swa micel yfelnyss 7 þwyrnys betwux mancynne. hí wel wyrðe beoð þære deoflican ehtnysse to ecum forwyrde þam ðe him onbugað. 7 to ecere myrhðe þam þe him þurh geleafan wiðcweðað;\nGod | geðafað eac his gecorenan ðegenas beon aclænsade fram eallum synnum. ðurh ða ormætan ehtnyssa. swa swa gold bið on fyre afandod;\nÞa ofslihð se deofol ðe him wiðstandað. 7 hí ðonne farað mid halgum martyrdome to heofenan rice;\nÞa ðe his leasungum gelyfað þam hé arað. 7 hí habbað syððan þa ecan susle to edleane heora gedwyldes;\nSe arleasa deð fyr cymð ufan swilce of heofonum on manna gesihðe. swilce hé god ælmihtig sý. ðe ah geweald heofenas 7 eorþan.\nac þa cristenan sceolon beon þonne gemyndige. hu se deofol dyde. ða ða he bæd æt gode he moste fandian IOBES;\nHe gemacode ða fyr cóm ufan swilce of | heofenum. 7 forbærnde ealle his scep út on felda. 7 þa hyrdas samod. buton anum þe hit him cyðan sceolde;\nNe sende se deofol ða fyr of heofenum. þeah ðe hit ufan come. for ðan ðe he sylf næs on heofonum. syððan he for his modignysse of aworpen wæs;\nNe eac se wælhreowa antecrist næfð þa mihte he heofenlic fyr asendan mæge. ðeah ðe hé þurh deofles cræft hit swa gehiwige;\nBið nu wíslicor gehwa ðis wite 7 cunne his geleafan. weald hwa ða micclan yrmðe gebidan sceole;\nUre drihten bebead his discipulum hí sceoldon læran. 7 tæcan eallum þeodum ða ðing þe he sylf him tæhte. ac þæra is nu to lýt. ðe wile wel tæcan. 7 wel bysnian;\nSe ylca drihten clypode þurh his witegan ezechiel; Gif ðu ne gestentst þone unrihtwisan 7 hine ne manast hé fram his arleasnysse gecyrre. 7 lybbe. þonne swelt se arleasa on his unrihtwisnysse. 7 ic wille ofgan æt ðe his blod is his lyre;\nGif ðu ðonne þone arleasan gewarnast. 7 hé nele fram his arleasnysse gecyrran. þu alysdest þine sawle mid þære mynegunge. 7 se arleasa swylt on his unrihtwisnysse;\nEft cwæð se ælmihtiga to þam witegan ISIAM; Clypa 7 ne geswic ðu. ahefe ðine stemne swa swa byme. 7 cyð minum folce heora leahtras. 7 Iacobes hirede heora synna;\nFor swylcum bebodum wearð me geðuht ic nære unscyldig wið god. gif ic nolde oðrum mannum cyðan oþþe þurh | gewritu þa godspellican soþfæstnysse þe he sylf gecwæð. 7 eft halgum lareowum onwreah;\nForwel fela ic wat on ðisum earde. gelæredran þonne ic sy. ac God geswutelað his wundra ðurh ðone ðe he wile.\nswa swa ælmihtig wyrhta; He wyrcð his weorc þurh his gecorenan. na swylce he behofige ures fultumes. ac we geearnion ece lif þurh his weorces fremminge;\nPaulus se apostol cwæð; We sind godes gefylstan. 7 swa ðeah ne do we nan ðing to gode. buton Godes fultume;\nNu bidde ic 7 halsige on godes naman gif hwá þas bóc awritan wylle hé hí geornlice gerihte be ðære bysene. þy læs ðe we ðurh gymelease writeras geleahtrode beon;\nMycel yfel deð se ðe leas writ. buton he hit gerihte. swylce he gebringe þa soðan lare to leasum gedwylde. for ði sceal gehwa gerihtlæcan he ær to woge gebigde gif hé on godes dome unscyldig beon wile;\nQuid necesse est in hoc codice capitula ordinare. cum prediximus quod quadraginta sententias in se contineat. excepto quod æþelwerdus dux uellet habere .xl. quattuor in suo libro.


'ge-nip' - Bosworth–Toller Anglo-Saxon Dictionary\nes; pl. nom. acc. -nipu; n. A mist, cloud, darkness, obscurity; nĕbŭla, cālīgo, nūbes, tĕnebræ Mist vel genip nĕbŭla, Ælfc. Gl. 94; Som. 75, 111; Wrt. Voc. 52, 61. Wearþ genip, and ofersceadede híg facta est nūbes, et obumbrāvit eos, Lk. Bos. 9, 34. Ðæt genip stód æt ðæs geteldes dura the cloud stood at the door of the tabernacle, Ex. 33, 10: Cd. 8; Th. 9, 9; Gen. 139. Moises eóde to ðam genipe Moyses accessit ad calīgĭnem, Ex. 20, 21. Com stefen of ðam genipe vox facta est de nūbe, Lk. Bos. 9, 35. On ðæt genip in nūbem, 9, 34. In ðæt neowle genip into the deep darkness, Cd. 223; Th. 292, 25; Sat. 445: 217; Th. 275, 31; Sat. 180: Exon. 93 b; Th. 351, 12; Sch. 79. Ofer flóda genipu over the mists of floods, Beo. Th. 5608; B. 2808: 2724; B. 1360. Ðú ðe gesetst genipu upastínesse ðínne oððe ðínne upstíge qui pōnis nūbem ascensum tuum, Ps. Lamb. 103, 3: Ps. Spl. 77, 27. Sweart wolcen and genip atra nubes, Nar. 23, 23. [Cf. Ger. nebel: Icel. nifl.]\nBosworth, Joseph. "ge-nip." An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary: Based on the Manuscript Collections of the Late Joseph Bosworth. Ed. Thomas Northcote Toller. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1898. 422.\nge-nip Add:I. a cloud, an accumulation of vapour. 1. a cloud in the sky Wolcnu ł genipu nubes, Ps. L. 17, 13. Winterbiter weder and wolcna genipu, Az. 105. (1 a) a storm-cloud :-- Gyf strongra storm and genip swíþor þreáde si procella fortior aut nimbus perurgeret, Bd. 4, 3; Sch. 361, 3. Þá wæs swýðe mycel genip geworden in þ


Anon Mdr 23VII/4 — hirðar ‘of the retinue’\nhirðar himna. — of the retinue of the heavens. [ANGELS]


vorstehend hosszadalmasan ejercicio break the ice compressive zusammen schmelzen plate impressive (adj.) rütbe (f.) sich ereignend Labour Party (u.E.) (S) lead feebleminded cyna as far as series of buoys; provision of buoys poluglas dupe before service niechlubny (adj.) extemporise chame فرز بالدمج narrativa (f.) vaisto fehlschlagen girt Olympe preturiti rusticate (v.) instituer juga manteca de puerco provided you thermosfles to tour, sightseeing, tourism polymath استوفى، نفذ القيود tapaturma-asema gromada leite dozen hothead partaker antientsyymi bat skeletni kips ingest Eden


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