Manuscript A: The Parker Chronicle\nManuscript A: The Parker Chronicle\nThe Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: An Electronic Edition (Vol 1) literary edition\nÞY GEARE ÞE WÆS AGAN FRAM CRISTES ACENnesse .cccc. wintra 7 .xciiii. uuintra, þa Cerdic 7 Cynric his sunu cuom up æt Cerdicesoran mid .v. scipum; 7 se Cerdic wæs Elesing, Elesa Esling, Esla Gewising, Giwis Wiging, Wig Freawining, Freawine Friþugaring, Friþugar Bronding, Brond Bęldæging, Bęldæg Wodening. Ond þæs ymb .vi. gear þæs þe hie up cuomon geeodon Westseaxna rice, 7 þæt uuærun þa ærestan cyningas þe Westseaxna lond on Wealum geeodon; 7 he hæfde þæt rice .xvi. gear, 7 þa he gefor, þa feng his sunu Cynric to þam rice 7 heold .xvii. winter. Þa he gefor, þa feng Ceol to þam rice 7 heold .vi. gear. Þa hie gefor, þa feng Ceolwulf to his broþur, 7 he ricsode .xvii. gear, 7 hiera cyn gęþ to Cerdice. Þa feng Cynegils Ceolwulfes broþur sunu to rice 7 ricsode .xxxi. wintra, 7 he onfeng ærest fulwihte Wesseaxna cyninga, 7 þa feng Cenwalh to 7 heold .xxxi. wintra, 7 se Cenwalh wæs Cynegilses sunu; 7 þa heold Seaxburg his cuen an gear þæt rice æfter him. Þa feng Æscwine to rice, þæs cyn gęþ to Cerdice, 7 heold .ii. gear. Þa feng Centwine to Wesseaxna rice Cynegilsing 7 ricsode .vii. gear. Þa feng Ceadwalla to þam rice, þæs cyn gęþ to Cerdice, 7 heold .iii. gear. Ða feng Ine to Seaxna rice, þæs cyn gęþ to Ceardice, 7 heold .xxxvii. wintra. Þa feng Ęþelheard to, þæs cyn gęþ to Ceardice, 7 heold .xiiii. winter. Þa feng Cuþred to, þæs cyn gęþ to Cerdice, 7 heold .xvii. gear. Þa feng Sigebryht to, þæs cyn gęþ to Cerdice, 7 heold an gear. Þa feng Cynewulf to rice, þæs cyn gæþ to Ceardice, 7 heold .xxxi. wintra. Þa feng Beorhtric to rice, þæs cyn gęþ to Cerdice, 7 heold .xvi. gear. Þa feng Ecgbryht to þam rice 7 heold .xxxvii. wintra 7 .vii. monaþ, 7 þa feng Ęþelwulf his sunu to 7 heold nigonteoðe healf gear. Se Ęþelwulf wæs Ecgbryhting, Ecgbryht Ealhmunding, Ealhmund Eafing, Eafa Eopping, Eoppa Ingilding, Ingild Cenreding, 7 Ine Cenreding 7 Cuþburg Cenreding 7 Cuenburg Cenreding, Cenred Ceolwalding, Ceolwald Cuþwulfing, Cuþwulf Cuþwining, Cuþwine Celming, Celm Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing. Ond þa feng Ęþelbald his sunu to rice 7 heold .v. gear. Þa feng Ęþelbryht his broþur to 7 heold .v. gear. Þa feng Ęþered hiera broþur to rice, 7 heold .v. gear. Þa feng Ęlfred hiera broþur to rice, 7 þa was agan his ielde .xxiii. wintra 7 .ccc. 7 .xcvi. wintra þæs þe his cyn ærest Westseaxna lond on Wealum ge<e>odon.\nAER Cristes geflæscnesse .lx. wintra, Gaius Iulius se casere ærest Romana Bretenlond gesohte 7 Brettas mid gefeohte cnysede 7 hie oferswiþde 7 swa þeah ne meahte þær rice gewinnan.\nOctauianus ricsode .lxvi. wintra, 7 on þam .lxii. geare his rices Crist wæs acenned.\nÞa tungelwitgan of eastdęle cuomon to þon þæt hie Crist weorþedon 7 þa cild on Bethlem ofslægene wærun for Cristes ehtnesse from Herode.\nHer swealt Herodus from him selfum ofsticod, 7 Archilaus his sunu feng to rice.\nFrom frymþe middangeardes oþ þis gear wæron agan .v. þusendu wintra 7 .cc. wintra.\nhand8a: Her onfeng Herodes Antipatres sunu to rice in Iudea.\n& Philippus 7 Herodes todældun Lyssiam 7 Iudeam feoþericum todęldun.\nHer feng Tiberius to rice.\nHer onfeng Pilatus gyminge ofer Iudeas.\nhand8: Her onfeng Pilatus to gymenne ouer þa Iudeas.\nHer wæs Crist gefulluhtud 7 Petrus 7 Andreas gehwierfede 7 Iacobus 7 Iohannes 7 Philippus 7 þa .xii. apostolas.\nHer wæs Crist ahangen, from fruman middangeardes ymb .v. þusendo wintra 7 .cc. 7 .xxvi. wintra.\nHer wæs Paulus gehwierfed, 7 sanctus Stephanus oftorfod.\nHer se eadiga Petrus se apostol gesæt biscepsetl in Antiochia þære ceastre.\nHer onfeng Gaius rice. hand8: Anno .xliiii.\n[n44.1] Her se eadiga Petrus se apostol gesæt biscepsetl on Rome.\n[n45.1] Her Herodes aswalt, se þe Iacobum ofslog ane geare ær his agnum deaþe.\n[n46.1] Her Claudius oþer Romana cyninga Bretene lond gesohte 7 þone mæstan dęl þæs ealondes on his gewald onfeng, 7 eac swelce Orcadus þa ealond Romana cynedome underþeodde. hand8: Þis was þes feorðes geares his rices, 7 on þys ylcan geare gewearð se mycela hunger on Siria þe Lucas recð on þare boc Actus Apostolorum.\nHer Iacobus frater Domini þrowode.\nHer Marcus se godspellere forþferde.\nHer Petrus 7 Paulus þrowodon.\nHer Uespassianus onfeng rice.\nHer Titus Uespassianus sunu in Hierusalem ofslog Iudea .cxi þusenda.\nHer Titus feng to rice, se þe sęde þæt he þone dæg forlure þe he noht to gode on ne gedyde.\n[n83.1] Her Domittianus Tites broþur feng to rice.\n[n84.1] Her Iohannes se godspellere in Pathma þam ealonde wrat þa boc Apocalipsis.\n< Her Simon Petrus wæs ahangen, 7 Iohannes se godspellere hine gereste in Effesio. >\nHer Clemens papa forþferde.\nhand8: Her Symon se apostol wæs anhangen 7 Iohannes se godspellere hine gereste in Epheso.\nhand8: Her Clemens papa forþferde.\nHer Ignatus biscep þrowude.\nhand8: Her Marcus Antonius 7 Aurelius his broðer fengon to rice.\nHer Eleutherius on Rome onfeng biscepdom 7 þone wuldorfæstlice .xv. winter geheold. To þam Lucius Bretene kyning sende stafas, będ þæt he wære cristen gedon, 7 he þurhteah þæt he będ. hand8: 7 hi syððon wunodon on rihton geleauon oððe Diaclitianes rice.\nHer Seuerus onfeng rice 7 ricsode .xvii. winter, se Bretenlond mid dice begyrdde from sę oþ sę. hand8: 7 þa geendode on Euerwic, 7 Bassianus his sunu feng to rice.\nhand12: Twa hund gæra.\nhand8: Her þowade sanctus Albanus martyr.\n[n300.1] hand12: Þreo hund gæra.\nhand12: Þreo hund gæ ....\nhand8: Her Gratianus feng to rice.\nHer Maximianus se casere feng to rice -- he wæs on Bretenlonde geboren -- 7 þonne for in Gallia hand8: 7 he ðar ofsloh ðone casere Gratianum 7 his broðer adraf of æðele, se was gehaten Ualentinianus, 7 se Ualentinianus eft gesanode werod 7 ofsloh Maximum 7 feng to rice. On þam timan aras Pelagies gedwyld geond middaneard. [n381.1]\n[n409.1] Her Gotan abręcon Romeburg, 7 næfre siþan Romane ne ricsodon on Bretone. hand8: Þæt wæs embe .xi. hund wintra 7 .x. wintra þes þe heo getimbred was. Ealles hi ðær rixodon on Brytene feower hund wintra 7 hund seouanti wintra syþþan ærost Gaius Iulius þæt land ærost gesohte.\nHer Romane gesomnodon al þa goldhord þe on Bretene wæron 7 sume on eorþan ahyddon þæt hie nænig mon siþþan findan ne meahte 7 sume mid him on Gallia lęddon.\nhand8: [n423.2] Her Ðeodosius se gingra feng to rice.\nHer Paladius se biscep wæs onsended to Scottum þæt he hiera geleafan trymede from Cęlestino þam papan.\nhand8: Her sendon Brytwalas to Rome 7 heom fultomes bædon wiþ Piohtas, ac hi þar næfdan nanne, forþan ðe hi fyrdedon wið Ætla Huna cyningæ, 7 þa sendon hi to Anglum 7 Angelcynnes æðelingas ðæs ylcan bædan.\nHer Mauricius 7 Ualentines onfengon rice 7 ricsodon .vii. winter. 7 On hiera dagum Hengest 7 Horsa from Wyrtgeorne geleaþade Bretta kyninge gesohton Bretene on þam staþe þe is genemned Ypwinesfleot, ærest Brettum to fultume, ac hie eft on hie fuhton. hand8: Se cing het hi feohtan agien Pihtas, 7 hi swa dydan 7 sige hæfdan swa hwar swa hi comon. Hi ða sende to Angle 7 heton heom sendan mare fultum 7 heom seggan Brytwalana nahtnesse 7 ðæs landes cysta. Hy ða sendan heom mare fultum. Þa comon þa menn of þrim mægþum Germanie, of Ealdseaxum, of Anglum, of Iotum. Of Iotum comon Cantware 7 Wihtware, þæt ys seo mæið ðe nu eardað on Wiht, 7 ðæt cynn on Westsexum þe man gyt hæt Iutna cyn. Of Ealdseaxon comon Eastsexa 7 Suðsexa 7 WestSexan. Of Angle comon, se a siððan stod westi betwyx Iutum 7 Seaxum, Eastengla, Midelangla, Mearca 7 ealle Norðhymbra.\nHer Hengest 7 Horsa fuhton wiþ Wyrtgeorne þam cyninge, in þære stowe þe is gecueden Agęlesþrep, 7 his broþur Horsan man ofslog; 7 æfter þam Hengest feng to rice 7 Æsc his sunu.\nHer Hengest 7 Æsc fuhton wiþ Brettas in þære stowe þe is gecueden Crecganford 7 þær ofslogon .iiiim. wera, 7 þa Brettas þa forleton Centlond 7 mid micle ege flugon to Lundenbyrg.\nHer Hengest 7 Æsc gefuhton uuiþ Walas neah Wippedesfleote 7 þær .xii. wilisce aldormenn ofslogon, 7 hiera þegn an þær wearþ ofslægen, þam wæs noma Wipped.\nHer Hengest 7 Æsc gefuhton wiþ Walas 7 genamon unarimedlico herereaf, 7 þa Walas flugon þa Englan swa þęr fyr.\nHer cuom Ęlle on Bretenlond 7 his .iii. suna, Cymen 7 Wlencing 7 Cissa, mid .iii. scipum on þa stowe þe is nemned Cymenesora, 7 þær ofslogon monige Wealas 7 sume on fleame bedrifon on þone wudu þe is genemned Andredesleage.\nHer Ęlle gefeaht wiþ Walas neah Mearcrędesburnan stęðe.\nHer Æsc feng to rice 7 was .xxiiii. wintra Cantwara cyning.\nHer Ęlle 7 Cissa ymbsæton Andredescester 7 ofslogon alle þa þe þærinne eardedon; ne wearþ þær forþon an Bret to lafe.\nHer cuomon twegen aldormen on Bretene, Cerdic 7 Cynric his sunu, mid .v. scipum in þone stede þe is gecueden Cerdicesora 7 þy ilcan dæge gefuhtun wiþ Walum.\nHer cuom Port on Bretene 7 his .ii. suna Bieda 7 Mægla mid .ii. scipum on þære stowe þe is gecueden Portesmuþa 7 ofslogon anne giongne brettiscmonnan, swiþe ęþelne monnan.\nHer Cerdic 7 Cynric ofslogon ænne brettisccyning, þam was nama Natanleod, 7 .v. þusendu wera mid him. Æfter was þæt lond nemned Natanleaga oþ Cerdicesford.\nHer cuomon Westseaxe in Bretene mid .iii. scipum in þa stowe þe is gecueden Cerdicesora, 7 Stuf 7 Wihtgar, 7 fuhton wiþ Brettas 7 hie gefliemdon.\nHer Cerdic 7 Cynric hand8: Westsexena rice onfengun on þy ilcan geare hie fuhton wiþ Brettas þær mon nu nemneþ Cerdicesford. hand8b: 7 siþþan ricsadan Westsexana cynebearn of þan dæge.\nHer Cerdic 7 Cynric fuhton wiþ Brettas in þære stowe þe is gecueden Cerdicesleaga.\nHer Cerdic 7 Cynric genamon Wihte ealond 7 ofslogon feala men on Wihtgarabyrg.\nHer Cerdic forþferde, 7 Cynric his sunu ricsode forþ .xxvi. wintra; 7 hie saldon hiera tuæm nefum Stufe 7 Wihtgare eall Wiehte ealond.\nHer sunne aþiestrode .xiiii. dagum ær kalendas Martii from ærmergenne oþ undern.\nHer sunne aþiestrode on .xii. kalendas Iulius, 7 steorran hie oðiewdon fulneah healfe tid ofer undern.\nHer Uuihtgar forþferde, 7 hiene mon bebyrgde on Wihtgarabyrg.\nHer Ida feng to rice, þonon Norþanhymbra cynecyn onwoc hand8: 7 rixode twelf gear. 7 he timbrode Bebbanburh. seo was ærost mid hegge betyned. 7 þaræfter mid wealle. Ida wæs Eopping, Eoppa wæs Esing, Esa Inguing. Ingui Angenwiting. Angenwit Aloching. Aloc Beonocing. Beonoc Branding, Brand Bældæging. Bældæg Wodening. Woden Friþowulfing, Friþowulf Finning. Finn Godwulfing. Godwulf Geating.\n[n552.1] Her Cynric gefeaht wiþ Brettas in þære stowe þe is genemned æt Searobyrg. 7 þa Bretwalas gefliemde. Cerdic wæs Cynrices fæder. Cerdic Elesing. Elesa Esling. Esla Gewising. Gewis Wiging. Wig Freawining. Freawine Friþogaring. Friþogar Branding. Brand Bęldæging. Bęldæg Wodening.\nHer Cynric 7 Ceawlin fuhton wiþ Brettas æt Beranbyrg.\nHer Ceawlin feng to rice on Wesseaxum, 7 Ęlle feng to Norþanhymbra rice 7 heold .xxx.wintra. Ælle wæs Yffing. Yffe Uscfreaing. Uscfrea Wilgisling. Wilgisl Westerfalcning. Westerfalcna Sæfugling. Sæfugl Sæbalding. Sæbald Sigegeating. Sigegeat Swæfdæging. Swæfdæg Sigegearing. Sigegear Wægdæging. Wægdæg Wodening. Woden Friþowulfing. hand8: rice, Idan forþgefarenum. 7 heora ægþer rixade .xxxti. wintra.\nHer Columba mæssepreost of Scottum com in Brettas to lærenne Peohtas 7 in Hi þam ealonde mynster worhte. hand8: Her feng Æðelbriht to Cantwara rice. 7 heold .liii. wintra. On his dagum sende Gregorius us fulluht 7 Columba mæssepreost com to Pihtum. 7 hi gecyrde to Cristes geleauan. Þæt synd þonne wærteras be norðum morum. 7 heora cyng him gesealde þæt igland ðe man Ii nemnað. þar syndon fif hida. þæs ðe man seggað. Þar se Columban getimbrade mynster, 7 he þar was abbod .xxxii. <wintra> 7 þar forðferde. þa he was .lxxvii. wintra. Ða stowe habbað gyt his yrfnuman. Suþ Pihtas wæron ær gefullode of Ninna biscope. se was on Rome gelæred. His mynster ys Hwiterne on Sanctus Martines naman gehalgod. þar he resteð mid manegum halgum. Nu sceal beon æfre on Ii abbod, 7 na biscop. 7 þan sculon beon underðeodde ealle Scotta biscopas. for þan þe Columban was abbod, na biscop.\nHer Ceaulin 7 Cuþa gefuhton wiþ Ęþelbryht. 7 hine in Cent gefliemdon, 7 tuegen aldormen on Wibban dune ofslogon, Oslaf 7 Cnebban.\nHer Cuþwulf feaht wiþ Bretwalas æt Bedcan forda. 7 .iiii. tunas genom, Lygeanburg. 7 Ægelesburg. Benningtun. 7 Egonesham. 7 þy ilcan geare he gefor.\nHer Cuþwine 7 Ceawlin fuhton wiþ Brettas, 7 hie .iii. kyningas ofslogon, Coinmail, 7 Condidan, 7 Farinmail, in þære stowe þe is gecueden Deorham. 7 genamon .iii. ceastro Gleawanceaster, 7 Cirenceaster, 7 Baþanceaster.\nhand8: Her Mauricius feng to Romana rice.\nHer Ceawlin 7 Cuþa fuhton wiþ Brettas, in þam stede þe mon nemneþ Feþanleag. 7 Cuþan mon ofslog. 7 Ceaulin monige tunas genom, 7 unarimedlice herereaf, 7 ierre he hwearf þonan to his agnum.\nHer Ęlle cyning forþferde, 7 Ęþelric ricsode æfter him .v. gear.\nHer Ceolric ricsode .v. gear.\nHer micel węlfill wæs æt Woddesbeorge, 7 Ceawlin wæs ut adrifen. hand8: 7 Gregorius feng to papdome on Rome.\nHer Ceawlin 7 Cuichelm 7 Crida forwurdon, 7 Ęþelfriþ feng to rice hand8: on Norðhymbrum.\nhand8: Her Gregorius papa sende to Brytene Augustinum. mid wel manegum munecum. þe Godes word Engla ðeoda godspelledon.\nHer Gregorius papa sende to Bretene Augustinum. mid wel monegum munecum. þa Godes word Engla þeode godspellian.\nHer ongon Ceolwulf ricsian on Wesseaxum, 7 simle he feaht 7 won, oþþe wiþ Angelcyn, oþþe uuiþ Walas, oþþe wiþ Peohtas, oþþe wiþ Scottas; se wæs Cuþaing. Cuþa Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing, Cerdic Elesing, Elesa Esling, Esla Gewising, Giwis Wiging, Wig F<r>eawining, Freawine Friþugaring, Friþugar Bronding, Brond Bęldæging, Bęldæg Wodening.\nHer sende Gregorius papa Agustino ærcebiscepe pallium in Bretene, 7 wel monige godcunde lareowas him to fultome; 7 Paulinus biscep gehwerfde Edwine Norþhymbra cyning to fulwihte.\nHer wæs gefeoht æt Egesan stane. hand8: Ægþan Scotta cyng feaht wið Dælreoda, 7 wið Æðelferþe Norþhymra cynge æt Dægstane, 7 man ofsloh mæst ealne his here.\nHer East Seaxe onfengon geleafan 7 fulwihtes bæð under Sæbyrhte cyninge hand8: Augustinus gehalgode .ii. biscopas, Mellitum 7 Iustum, Mellitum he sende to bodiende Eastseaxum fulluht, ðar was se cing gehaten Sæbyrht, Ricolan sunu, Æðelberhtes swyster, ðone Æðelbyrht gesette to cynge. 7 Æðelberht gesealde Mellite biscopsetl on Lundewic. 7 Iusto on Hrouecystre, seo ys .xxiiii. mila fram Dorwitceastre.\nHer forþferde Gregorius ymb .x. gear þæs þe he us fulwiht sende 7 his fæder wæs haten Gordianus hand8: And her Æðelfrið lædde his færde to Legercyestre, 7 ðar ofsloh unrim Walena. 7 swa wearþ gefyld Augustinus witegunge. þe he cwæþ: 'Gif Wealas nellað sibbe wið us. hi sculan æt Seaxana handa farwurþan'. Þar man sloh eac .cc. preosta ða comon ðyder þæt hi scoldon gebiddan for Walena here. Scrocmail was gehaten heora ealdormann, se atbærst ðanon fiftiga sum.\nHer Ceolwulf gefeaht wiþ Suþseaxe.\nHer Cynegils feng to rice on Wesseaxum 7 heold .xxxi. wintra. Cynegils wæs Ceoling, Ceol Cuþaing, Cuþa Cynricing.\nHer Cynegils 7 Cuichelm gefuhton on Beandune, 7 ofslogon .ii. þusendo Wala 7 .xlvi.\nHer Ęþelbryht Contwara cyning forþferde, 7 Eadbald his sunu feng to rice, 7 þy ilcan geare wæs agan fram frymþe middangeardes fif þusendu wintra 7 .dccc. hand8: Se forlet his fulluht, 7 leouode on hæðenum þeawe swa þæt he hæfde his fæder laue to wiue. Þa mynte Laurentius ðe þa was ercebiscop on Cent þæt he wolde suð ofer sæ 7 eall forlæton. Ac him com to on niht se apostol Petrus 7 hine hetelice swang, forðan ðe he wolde Godes hyrde forlæton 7 het hine gan to þam cynge 7 bodian him rihtne geleafan. 7 he swa dyde 7 se cing gecyrde to rihtan geleauan. On þyses cinges dagum Laurentius ercebiscop se was on Cent æfter Agustine forþferde .iiii. nonas Februarii 7 he was bebyred be Agustine. Æfter him feng Mellitus to arcebiscopdome se was biscop of Lundene 7 þas binnan fif wintre Mellitus fo<r>ðferde. Þa æfter him feng to arcebiscopdome Iustus, se was biscop of Hrouecistre, 7 þar to gehalgode Romanum to biscope.\nHer Paulinus fram Iusto þam ercebiscop wæs gehadod Norþhymbrum to biscepe.\nHer Eanflęd Edwines dohtor cyninges wæs gefulwad in þone halgan æfen Pentecosten. 7 Penda hæfde .xxx. wintra rice 7 he hæfde .l. wintra þa þa he to rice feng. Penda wæs Pybbing, Pybba Cryding, Cryda Cynewolding, Cynewold Cnebbing, Cnebba Iceling, Icel Eomæring, Eomær Angelþeowing, Angelþeow Offing, Offa Wærmunding, Wærmund Wihtlæging, Wihtlæg Wodening.\nHer Edwine kyning wæs gefulwad mid his þeode on Eastron.\nHer Cynegils 7 Cuichelm gefuhtun wiþ Pendan æt Cirenceastre, 7 geþingodan þa.\nHer was Eorpwald gefulwad.\nHer Edwine wæs ofslægen, 7 Paulinus huerf eft to Cantwarum, 7 gesæt þæt biscepsetl on Hrofesceastre.\nHer Birinus biscep bodude West Seaxum fulwuht.\nHer Cynegils wæs gefulwad from Birino þæm biscep in Do<r>keceastre, 7 Oswold his onfeng.\nHer Cuichelm wæs gefulwad in Dorcesceastre, 7 þy ilcan geare forþferde; 7 Felix biscep bodade East Englum Cristes geleafan.\nHer Birinus fulwade Cuþręd on Dorcesceastre, 7 onfeng hine him to suna.\nHer Redbald Cantwara cyning forþferde, 7 he ricsode .xxv. wintra. hand8c: He hæfde twegene sunu Ermenred 7 Ercenberht. 7 þes Ercenberht rixode æfter his fæder. 7 Ermenred gestrynde twegen sunu. þa syððan wurðan gemartirode of Ðunore.\nHer Oswald Norþanhymbra cyning ofslægen wæs.\nHer Cenwalh feng to Wesseaxna rice 7 heold .xxxi. wintra, 7 se Cenwalh het atimbran þa ciricean on Wintanceastre.\nHer Paulinus forþferde se was ærcebiscep on Eoforwicceastre, 7 eft on Hrofesceastre.\nHer Cenwalh adrifen wæs from Pendan cyninge.\nHer Cenwalh wæs gefulwad.\nHer Cenwalh gesalde Cuþrede his mæge .iii. þusendo londes be Æscesdune; se Cuþred wæs Cuichelming, Cuichelm Cynegilsing.\nHer Ęgelbryht of Galwalum æfter Birine þam Romaniscan biscepe onfeng Wesseaxna biscepdome.\nHer Oswine kyning wæs ofslægen, 7 Aidan biscep forþferde.\nHer Cenwalh gefeaht æt Bradanforda be Afne.\nHer Middelseaxe onfengon under Peadan aldormen ryhtne geleafan.\nHer Onna cyning wearþ ofslægen, 7 Botulf ongon mynster timbran æt Icanho.\nHer Penda forwearþ, 7 Mierce wurdon Cristne. Þa was agan from fruman middangeardes <.v. þusendo> wintra 7 .dccc. 7 .l. wintra, 7 Pe<a>da feng to Mercna rice Pending.\nHer forþferde Peada, 7 Wulfhere Pending feng to Miercna rice.\nHer Cenwalh gefeaht æt Peonnum wiþ Walas, 7 hie gefliemde oþ Pedridan. Þis wæs gefohten siþþan he of Eastenglum com; he wæs þær .iii. gear on wrece, hæfde hine Penda adrifenne, 7 rices benumenne. forþon he his swostor anforlet.\nHer Ægelbryht biscep g(e)ewat from Cenwale, 7 Wine heold þone biscepdom .iii. gear; 7 se Ægelbryht onfeng Persa biscepdomes on Galwalum bi Signe.\nHer Cenwalh gefeaht in Eastron on Posentesbyrg, 7 gehergeade Wulfhere Pending oþ Æscesdune; 7 Cuþred Cuichelming, 7 Coenbryht cyning on anum geare forþferdun; 7 on Wiht gehergade Wulfhere Pending, 7 gesalde Wihtwaran Ęþelwalde Suþseaxna cyninge, forþon Wulfhere hine onfeng æt fulwihte. 7 Eoppa mæssepreost be Wilferþes worde 7 Wulfhere cyning brohte Wihtwarum fulwiht ærest.\nHer sunne aþiestrode, 7 Arcenbryht Cantwara cyng forþferde; 7 Colman mid his geferum for to his cyððe. Þy ilcan geare wæs micel mancuealm; 7 Ceadda 7 Wilferþ wæron gehadode, 7 þy ilcan geare Deusdedit forþferde.\nHer Þeodorius mon hadode to ercebiscep.\nHer Ecgbryht cyning salde Basse mæsseprioste Reculf mynster on to timbranne.\nHer forþferde Osweo Norþanhymbra cyning, 7 Ecgferþ ricsode æfter him; 7 Hloþhere feng to biscepdome ofer Wesseaxan Ægelbryhtes biscepes nefa. 7 heold .vii. gear, þeodor biscep hine gehalgode; 7 se Oswio wæs Ęþelferþing, Ęþelferþ Ęþelricing, Ęþelric Iding, Ida Eopping.\nHer wæs þæt micle fugla węl.\nHer forþferde Cenwalh 7 Seaxburg an gear ricsode his cuen æfter him. [n672.1]\nHer Ecgbryht Cantwara cyning forþferde; 7 þy geare wæs senoð æt Heorotforda, 7 Sancte Ęþeldryht ongon þæt mynstær æt Elige.\nHer feng Æscwine to rice on Wesseaxum, se wes Cenfusing, Cenfus Cenferþing, Cenferþ Cuþgilsing, Cuþgils Ceolwulfing, Ceolwulf Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing.\nHer Wulfhere Pending 7 Æscwine gefuhton æt Biedanheafde; 7 þy ilcan geare Wulfhere forþferde, 7 Ęþelręd feng to rice.\nHer Æscwine forþferde, 7 Hedde feng to biscepdome, 7 Centwine feng to rice; 7 Centwine was Cynegilsing, Cynegils Ceolwulfing; 7 Ęþered Miercna cyning oferhergeada Centlond.\nHer oþiewde cometa se steorra, 7 Wilfriþ biscop wæs adrifen of his biscopdome from Ecgferþe cyninge.\nHer Ęlfwine wæs ofslægen, 7 Sancte Ęþelþryþ forþferde.\nHer gesæt Þeodorius ærcebiscop senoþ on Hęþfelda, forþon he wolde þone <Cri>stes geleafan geryhtan; 7 þy ylcan geare forþferde Hild abbodesse on Streonesheale.\nOn þissum geare Centwine gefliemde Bretwealas oþ sę.\nHer Ceadwalla ongan æfter rice winnan; Se Ceadwalla was Coenbryhting. Coenbryht Cading, Cadda Cuþaing, Cuþa Ceawlining, Ceawlin Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing; 7 Mul was Ceadwallan broþur, 7 þone mon eft on Cent forbærnde; 7 þy ilcan geare Ecgferþ cyning mon ofslog; Se Ecgferþ was Osweoing, Osweo Ęþelferþing, Ęþelferþ Ęþelricing, Ęþelric Iding, Ida Eopping; 7 Hloþhere þy ilcan geare forþferde.\nHer Ceadwalla 7 Mul Cent 7 Wieht forhergedon.\nHer Mul wearþ on Cent forbærned, 7 oþre .xii. men mid him, 7 þy geare Ceadwalla eft Cent forhergeada.\nHer Ine feng to Wesseaxna rice, 7 heold .xxxvii. wintra. hand6: 7 he getimbrade þæt menster æt Glæstingabyrig. [n688.1] 7 þy ilcan geare Ceadwalla for to Rome, 7 fulwihte onfeng from þam papan, 7 se papa hine heht Petrus. 7 ymb .vii. niht he forþferde. Þonne was se Ine Cenreding, Cenred Ceolwalding, Ceolwald was Cynegilses broþur, 7 þa wæron Cuþwines suna Ceaulininges, Ceaulin Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing.\nHer Þeodorius ærcebiscop forþferde, 7 feng Beorhtwald to þam biscepdome. Ær wærun Romanisce biscepas, siþþan wærun Englisce.\nHer Cantware geþingodan wiþ Ine, 7 him gesaldon .xxx.m. forþon þe hie ær Mul forbærndon; 7 Wihtred feng to Cantwara rice, 7 heold .xxxiii. wintra; Se Wihtred was Ecgbryhting, Ecgbryht Arcenbryhting, Erconbryht Eadbalding, Eadbald Ęþelbryhting.\nHer Hedde biscep forþferde, 7 he heold þone biscepdom .xxvii. wintra on Wintaceastre.\nHer Ęþelred Pending Miercna cyning onfeng munuchade, 7 þæt rice heold .xxviiii. wintra. þa feng Coenred to.\nHer Aldferþ Norþanhymbra cyning forþferde 7 Seaxuulf biscep.\nHer Aldhelm biscep forþferde, se wæs be westan wuda biscep, 7 wæs todęled in foreweardum Danieles dagum in tua biscepscira Westseaxna lond, 7 ær hit wæs an; oþer heold Daniel, oþer Aldhelm; Æfter Aldhelme feng Forþhere to; 7 Ceolred feng to Miercna rice, 7 Coenred for to Rome 7 Offa mid him.\nhand3: Her Beorhtfriþ ealdormon feaht wiþ Peohtas, 7 Ine 7 Nun his mæg gefuhton wiþ Gerente Wala cyninge. [n710.1]\nHer forþferde Guþlac se halga.\nHer Ine 7 Ceolred fuhton æt Woddesbeorge.\nHer Osred Norþanhymbra cyning wearþ ofslægen, se hæfde .vii. winter rice 7 æfter Aldferþe. Þa feng Coenred to rice, 7 heold .ii. gear; þa Osric 7 heold .xi. gear. 7 on þam ilcan geare Ceolred Miercna cyning forþferde, 7 his lic resteþ on Licetfelda, 7 Ęþelrędes Pendinges on Bearddanigge; 7 þa feng Ęþelbald to rice on Mercium, 7 heold .xli. wintra. Ęþelbald wæs Alweoing, Alweo Eawing, Eawa Pybing, þæs cyn is beforan awriten; 7 Ecgbryht se arwierþa wer on Hii þam ealonde þa munecas on ryht gecierde þæt hie Eastron on ryht heoldon, 7 þa ciriclecan scare.\nHer Ingild forþferde Ines broþur, 7 hiera swostur wærun Cuenburg 7 Cuþburg, 7 sio Cuþburg þæt liif æt Winburnan arærde, 7 hio wæs forgifen Norþanhymbra cyninge Aldferþe, 7 hie be him lifgendum hie gedældun.\nHer Daniel ferde to Rome; 7 þy ilcan geare Ine ofslog Cynewulf.\nHer Ęþelburg cuen towearp Tantun 7 Ine ær timbrede; 7 Aldbryht wræccea gewat on Suþrige 7 on Suþseaxe; 7 Ine (ge)gefeaht wiþ Suþseaxum.\nHer Wihtręd Cantwara cyning forþferde, þæs cyn is beforan. hand8c: 7 Eadberht feng to Centrice. 7 Ine feaht wiþ Suþseaxan, 7 þær ofslog Aldbryht.\nHer Ine ferde to Rome. hand6: 7 þær his feorh gesealde 7 feng Ęþelheard to Wesseaxna rice 7 heold .xiiii. gear. 7 þy geare gefuhton Ęþelheard 7 Oswald se ęþeling; 7 se Oswald was Ęþelbalding, Ęþelbald Cynebalding, Cynebald Cuþwining, Cuþwine Ceaulining.\nHer cometa se steorra hiene oþiewde, 7 Sanctus Ecgbryht forþferde.\nHer Oswald se ęþeling forþferde.\nHer was ofslægen Osric Norþanhymbra cyning, 7 feng Ceoluulf to þam rice, 7 heold .viii. gear. 7 se Ceolwulf wæs Cuþaing, Cuþa Cuþwining, Cuþwine Leodwalding. Leodwald Ecgwalding, Ecgwald Aldhelming, Aldhelm Ocging, Ocga Iding, Ida Eopping; 7 Beorhtwald ærcebiscep gefor; 7 þy ilcan geare Tatwine (7) wæs gehalgod to ærcebiscepe.\nHer Ęþelbald geeode Sumurtun; 7 sunne aþiestrode.\nHer wæs se mona swelce he wære mid blode begoten; 7 ferdon forþ Tatwine 7 Bieda.\nHer Noþhelm ærcebiscep onfeng pallium from Romana biscep.\nHer Forþhere biscep 7 Friþogiþ cuen ferdun to Rome.\nHer Eadbryht Eating, Eata Leodwalding, feng to Norþanhymbra rice 7 heold .xxi. wintra. 7 his broþor wæs Ecgbryht Eating ærcebiscep, 7 hie restaþ begen on Eoforwicceastre on anum portice.\nHer Ęþelheard cyning forþferde, 7 feng Cuþręd to Wesseaxna rice, 7 heold .xvi. wintra, 7 heardlice gewon wiþ Ęþelbald cyning; 7 Cuþbryht wæs to ærcebiscepe gehalgod(e), 7 Dun biscep to Hrofesceastre.\nHer Ęþelbald 7 Cuþręd fuhton wiþ Walas.\nHer Danihel gesæt on Wintanceastre, 7 Hunferþ feng to biscepdome.\nHer Danihel forþferde, þa was .xliii. wintra agan siþþan he onfeng biscepdome.\nHer mon slog Selred cyning.\nHer wæs ofslægen Cynric Wesseaxna ęþeling, 7 Eadbryht Cantwara cyning forþferde. hand8c: 7 Æthelbyrht Wihtredes sunu cinges feng to þam rice.\nHer Cuþred cyning gefeaht uuiþ Ęþelhun þone ofermedan aldormonn.\nHer Cuþred gefeaht þy .xii. geare his rices æt Beorgf(e)orda wiþ Ęþelbald.\nHer Cuþred feaht wiþ Walas.\n754 actually 756\nHer Cuþred forþferde, 7 Cyneheard onfeng biscepdome æfter Hunferþe on Wintanceastre; 7 Cantwaraburg forbærn þy geare 7 Sigebryht feng to Wesseaxna rice 7 heold an gear.\n755 actually 757\nHer Cynewulf benam Sigebryht his rices 7 Westseaxna wiotan for unryhtum dędum buton Hamtunscire, 7 he hæfde þa oþ he ofslog þone aldormon þe him lengest wunode, 7 hiene þa Cynewulf on Andred adræfde 7 he þær wunade oþ þæt hiene an swan ofstang æt Pryfetesflodan; 7 he wręc þone aldormon Cumbran. 7 se Cynewulf oft miclum gefeohtum feaht uuiþ Bretwalum, 7 ymb .xxxi. wintra þæs þe he rice hæfde, he wolde adræfan anne ęþeling se was Cyneheard haten, 7 se Cyneheard wæs þæs Sigebryhtes broþur; 7 þa geascode he þone cyning lytle werode on wifcyþþe on Merantune 7 hine þær berad 7 þone bur utan beeode ær hine þa men onfunden þe mid þam kyninge wærun; 7 þa ongeat se cyning þæt 7 he on þa duru eode 7 þa unheanlice hine werede oþ he on þone ęþeling locude 7 þa ut ræsde on hine 7 hine miclum gewundode, 7 hie alle on þone Cyning wærun feohtende oþ þæt hie hine ofslægenne hæfdon 7 þa on þæs wifes gebærum onfundon þæs cyninges þegnas þa unstilnesse 7 þa þider urnon swa hwelc swa þonne gearo wearþ 7 radost 7 hiera se ęþeling gehwelcum feoh 7 feorh gebead 7 hiera nænig hit geþicgean nolde. Ac hie simle feohtende wæran oþ hie alle lægon butan anum Bryttiscum gisle 7 se swiþe gewundad wæs. Þa on morgenne gehierdun þæt þæs cyninges þegnas þe him beæftan wærun þæt se cyning ofslęgen wæs þa ridon hie þider 7 his aldormon Osric 7 Wiferþ his þegn 7 þa men þe he beæftan him læfde ær 7 þone ęþeling on þære byrig metton þær se cyning ofslægen læg 7 þa gatu him to belocen hæfdon 7 þa þærto eodon 7 þa gebead he him hiera agenne dom feos 7 londes gif hie him þæs rices uþon 7 him cyþdon þæt hiera mægas him mid wæron þa þe him from noldon 7 þa cuędon hie þæt him nænig mæg leofra nære þonne hiera hlaford 7 hie næfre his banan folgian noldon 7 þa budon hie hiera mægum þæt hie gesunde from eodon 7 hie cuędon þæt tæt ilce hiera geferum geboden wære þe ær mid þam cyninge wærun. Þa cuędon hie þæt hie hie þæs ne onmunden "þon ma þe eowre geferan þe mid þam cyninge ofslægene wærun". 7 hie þa ymb þa gatu feohtende wæron oþ þæt hie þærinne fulgon 7 þone ęþeling ofslogon 7 þa men þe him mid wærun alle butan anum se wæs þæs aldormonnes godsunu 7 he his feorh generede 7 þeah he wæs oft gewundad. 7 se Cynewulf ricsode .xxxi. wintra 7 his lic liþ æt Wintanceastre 7 þæs ęþlinges æt Ascanmynster 7 hiera ryhtfęder cyn gęþ to Cerdice 7 þy ilcan geare mon ofslog Ęþelbald Miercna cyning on Seccandune 7 his lic liþ on Hreopadune 7 Beornręd feng to rice 7 lytle hwile heold 7 ungefealice 7 þy ilcan geare Offa feng to rice 7 heold .xxxviiii. wintra 7 his sunu Egferþ heold .xli. daga 7 .c. daga. Se Offa wæs Þincgferþing Þincgferþ Eanwulfing, Eanwulf Osmoding, Osmod Eawing, Eawa Pybing, Pybba Creoding, Creoda Cynewalding, Cynewald Cnebing, Cnebba Iceling, Icel Eomæring, Eomær Angelþowing, Angelþeow Offing, Offa Wærmunding, Wærmund Wihtlæging, Wihtlæg Wodening.\n758 actually 760\n[n758.1] Her Cuþbryht arcebiscep forþferde.\n759 actually 761\n[n759.1] Her Bregowine wæs to ercebiscepe gehadod to Sancte Michaeles tide.\n760 actually 762\nHer Ęþelbryht Cantwara cyning forþferde hand8d: se was Wihtredes cinges sunu.\n761 actually 763-4\nHer wæs se micla winter.\n763 actually 765\nHer Ianbryht wæs gehadod to ærcebiscepe on þone feowertegan dæg ofer midne winter.\n764 actually 766\nHer Iaenbryht ærcebiscep onfeng pallium.\n768 actually 770\nhand8d: Her forþferde Eadberht Eating Cantwara cinc.\n772 actually 774\nHer Milred biscep forþferde.\n773 actually 775\nHer oþiewde read Cristesmęl on hefenum æfter sunnan setlgonge; 7 þy geare gefuhton Mierce 7 Cantware æt Ottanforda; 7 wunderleca nędran wæron gesewene on Suþseaxna londe.\n777 actually 779\nHer Cynewulf 7 Offa gefuhton ymb Benesingtun 7 Offa nam þone tuun.\n780 actually 782\nHer Aldseaxe 7 Francan gefuhtun.\n784 actually 786\nHer Cyneheard ofslog Cynewulf cyning, 7 he þær wearþ ofslægen, 7 .lxxxiiii. monna mid him; 7 þa onfeng Beorhtric Wesseaxna rices, 7 he ricsode .xvi. gear, 7 his lic liþ æt Werham, 7 his ryhtfędren cyn gęþ to Cerdice. hand8c: To þysan timan rixode Ealhmund cing innon Cent.\n785 actually 787\nHer wæs geflitfullic senoþ æt Cealchyþe, 7 Iaenbryht ærcebiscep forlet sumne dęl his biscepdomes, 7 from Offan kyninge Hygebryht wæs gecoren, 7 Ecgferþ to cyninge gehalgod.\n787 actually 789\nHer nom Beorhtric cyning Offan dohtor Eadburge; 7 on his dagum cuomon ærest .iii. scipu, 7 þa se gerefa þærto rad, 7 hie wolde drifan to þæs cyninges tune þy he nyste hwæt hie wæron; 7 hiene mon ofslog; Þæt wæron þa ærestan scipu Deniscra monna þe Angelcynnes lond gesohton.\n790 actually 792\nHer Iaenbryht ærcebiscep forþferde, 7 þy ilcan geare wæs gecoren Ęþelheard abbud to biscepe.\n792 actually 794\nHer Offa Miercna cyning het Ęþelbryhte rex þæt heafod ofaslean.\n794 actually 796\nHer Adrianus papa 7 Offa cyning forþferdon; 7 Ęþelred Norþanhymbra cyning wæs ofslægen from his agenre þeode, 7 Ceolwulf biscep 7 Eadbald biscep of þæm londe aforon; 7 Ecgferþ feng to Miercna rice. 7 þy ilcan geare forþferde; 7 Eadbryht onfeng rice on Cent. þam was oþer noma nemned Præn.\n796 actually 798\nHer Ceolwulf Miercna cyning oferhergeade Cantware oþ Mersc, 7 gefengun Praen hiera cyning, 7 gebundenne hine on Mierce lęddon;\n797 actually 799\nHer Romane Leone þæm papan his tungon forcurfon, 7 his eagan astungon, 7 hine of his setle afliemdon; 7 þa sona eft Gode fultomiendum he meahte geseon 7 sprecan, 7 eft was papa swa he ær wæs.\n799 actually 801\nHer Ęþelheard ærcebiscep 7 Cynebryht Wesseaxna biscep foron to Rome.\n800 actually 802\nHer Beorhtric cyning forþferde 7 Worr aldormon; 7 Ecgbryht feng to Wesseaxna rice; 7 þy ilcan dæge rad Ęþelmund aldorman of Hwiccium ofer æt Cynemæresforda, þa mette hine Weoxstan aldorman mid Wilsætum; þær wearþ micel gefeoht, 7 þær begen ofslægene þa aldormen, 7 Wilsætan namon sige.\n802 actually 804\nHer wæs gehadod Beornmod biscep to Hrofesceastre.\n803 actually 805\nHer Ęþelheard ærcebiscep forþferde, 7 Wulfred wæs to ærcebiscepe gehadod, 7 Forþred abbud forþferde.\n804 actually 806\nHer Wulfred ærcebiscep pallium onfeng.\n805 actually 807\nHer Cuþred cyning forþferde on Cantwarum, 7 Ceolburg abbudesse, 7 Heabryht aldorman.\n812 actually 814\nHer Carl cyning forþferde, 7 he ricsode .xlv. wintra. 7 Wulfred arcebiscep 7 Wigbryht Wesseaxna biscep foron begen to Rome;\n813 actually 815\nHer Wulfred ærcebiscep mid bledsunge þæs papan Leon hwearf eft to his agnum biscepdome; 7 þy geare gehergade Ecgbryht cyning on West Walas from easteweardum oþ westewearde.\n814 actually 816\nHer Leo se ęþela papa 7 se halga forþferde, 7 æfter him Stephanus feng to rice.\n816 actually 818\nHer Stephanus papa forþferde, 7 æfter him was Paschalis to papan gehadod; 7 þy ilcan geare forborn Ongolcynnes scolu.\n819 actually 821\nHer Cenwulf Miercna cyning forþferde, 7 Ceolwulf feng to rice, 7 Eadbryht aldormon forþferde.\n821 actually 823\nHer wearþ Ceolwulf his rices besciered.\n822 actually 824\nHer tuegen aldormen wurdon ofslægene, Burghelm 7 Muca; 7 senoþ wæs æt Clofeshoo.\n823 actually 825\nHer wæs Wala gefeoht 7 Defna æt Gafulforda 7 þy ilcan geare gefeaht Ecbryht cyning 7 Beornwulf cyning on Ellendune 7 Ecgbryht sige nam 7 þær wæs micel węl geslægen. Þa sende he Ęþlwulf his sunu of þære fierde 7 Ealhstan his biscep 7 Wulfheard his aldormon to Cent micle werede 7 hie Baldred þone cyning norþ ofer Temese adrifon 7 Cantware him to cirdon 7 Suþrige 7 Suþseaxe 7 Eastseaxe þy hie from his mægum ær mid unryhte anidde wærun 7 þy ilcan geare Eastengla cyning 7 seo þeod gesohte Ecgbryht cyning him to friþe 7 to mundboran for Miercna ege 7 þy geare slogon Eastengle Beornwulf Miercna cyning.\n825 actually 827\nHer Ludecan Miercna cyning 7 his .v. aldormen mon ofslog mid him 7 Wiiglaf feng to rice.\n827 actually 829\nHer mona aþistrode on middes wintres mæsseniht 7 þy ilcan geare geeode Ecgbryht cyning Miercna rice 7 al þæt be suþan Humbre wæs 7 he wæs se eahteþa cyning se þe Bretwalda wæs -- ærest Ęlle Suþseaxna cyning se þus micel rice hæfde se æftera wæs Ceawlin Wesseaxna cyning se þridda wæs Ęþelbryht Cantwara cyning se feorþa wæs Rędwald Eastengla cyning fifta was Eadwine Norþanhymbra cyning siexta wæs Oswald se æfter him ricsode seofoþa wæs Oswio Oswaldes broþur eahtoþa wæs Ecgbryht Wesseaxna cyning 7 se Ecgbryht lędde fierd to Dore wiþ Norþanhymbre 7 hie him þær eaþmedo budon 7 geþuærnesse 7 hie on þam tohwurfon.\n828 actually 830\nHer eft Wilaf onfeng Miercna rices 7 Ęþelwald biscep forþferde 7 þy ilcan geare lędde Ecgbryht cyning fierd on Norþwalas 7 he hie to eaþmodre hersumnesse gedyde.\n829 actually 831\nHer Wulfred ærcebiscep forþferde.\n830 actually 832\nHer Ceolnoþ wæs gecoren to biscepe 7 gehadod 7 Feologid abbud forþferde.\n831 actually 833\nHer Ceolnoþ ærcebiscep onfeng pallium.\n832 actually 835\nHer hęþne men oferhergeadon Sceapige.\n833 actually 836\nHer gefeaht Ecgbryht cyning wiþ .xxxv. sciphlæsta æt Carrum 7 þær wearþ micel węl geslægen, 7 þa Denescan ahton węlstowe gewald; 7 Hereferþ 7 Wigþen tuegen biscepas forþferdon, 7 Dudda 7 Osmod tuegen aldormen forþferdon.\n835 actually 838\nHer cuom micel sciphere on Westwalas 7 hie to anum gecierdon, 7 wiþ Ecgbryht Westseaxna cyning winnende wæron. Þa he þæt hierde 7 mid fierde ferde 7 him wiþ feaht æt Hengestdune 7 þær gefliemde ge þa Walas ge þa Deniscan.\n836 actually 839\nHer Ecgbryht cyning forþferde, 7 hine hæfde ær Offa Miercna cyning 7 Beorhtric Wesseaxna cyning afliemed .iii. gear of Angelcynnes lande on Fronclond, ær he cyning wære, 7 þy fultomode Beorhtric Offan þy he hæfde his dohtor him to cuene; 7 se Ecgbyht ricsode .xxxvii. wintra, .vii. monaþ, 7 feng Ęþelwulf Ecgbrehting to Wesseaxna rice, 7 he salde his suna Ęþelstane Cantwara rice 7 Eastseaxna 7 Suþrigea 7 Suþseaxna.\n837 probably 840\nHer Wulfheard aldormon gefeaht æt Hamtune wiþ .xxxiii. sciphlæsta 7 þær micel węl geslog 7 sige nom. 7 þy geare forþferde Wulfheard. 7 þy ilcan geare gefeaht Ęþelhelm dux wiþ Deniscne here on Port mid Dornsætum 7 gode hwile þone here gefliemde, 7 þa Deniscan ahton węlstowe gewald 7 þone aldormon ofslogon.\n838 actually 841\nHer Herebryht aldormon wæs ofslægen from hęþnum monnum 7 monige mid him on Merscwarum, 7 þy ilcan geare eft on Lindesse 7 on Eastenglum 7 on Cantwarum wurdon monige men ofslægene from þam herige.\n839 actually 842\nHer wæs micel węsliht on Lundenne 7 on Cwantawic 7 on Hrofesceastre.\n840 probably 843\nHer Ęþelwulf cyning gefeaht æt Carrum wiþ .xxxv. schiplæsta, 7 þa Deniscan ahton węstowe gewald.\n845 probably 848\nHer Eanulf aldorman gefeaht mid Sumursætum 7 Ealchstan biscep 7 Osric aldorman mid Dornsætum gefuhton æt Pedridan muþan wiþ Deniscne here 7 þær micel węl geslogon 7 sige namon. [*] þy ilcan geare Æþelstan rex 7 Ealchere dux micelne here ofslogon æt Sondwic on Kent 7 .viiii. scipu gefengon 7 þa oþru geflimdon\n[*] Her Ceorl aldormon gefeaht wiþ hæþene men min Defenascire æt Wicganbeorge, 7 þær micel węl geslogon 7 sige namon. 7 þy ilcan geare Ęþelstan cyning 7 Ealchere dux micelne here ofslogon æt Sondwic on Cent 7 .ix .scipu gefengun 7 þa oþre gefliemdon. 7 hęþne men ærest ofer winter sæton. 7 þy ilcan geare cuom feorðe healf hund scipa on Temese muþan 7 bręcon Contwaraburg 7 Lundenburg, 7 gefliemdon Beorhtwulf Miercna cyning mid his fierde, 7 foron þa suþ ofer Temese on Suþrige 7 him gefeaht wiþ Ęþelwulf cyning 7 Ęþelbald his sunu æt Aclea mid Westseaxna fierde, 7 þær þæt mæste węl geslogon on hęþnum herige þe we secgan hierdon oþ þisne ondweardan dæg, 7 þær sige namon.\nHer będ Burgred Miercna cyning 7 his wiotan (bædon) Ęþelwulf cyning þæt he (he) him gefultumade þæt him Norþwalas gehiersumade. He þa swa dyde, 7 mid fierde fór ofer Mierce on Norþwalas, 7 hie him alle gehiersume dydon. 7 þy ilcan geare sende Ęþelwulf cyning Ęlfred his sunu to Rome. Þa was domne Leo papa on Rome, 7 he hine to cyninge gehalgode 7 hiene him to biscepsuna nam. Þa þy ilcan geare Ealhere mid Cantwarum 7 Huda mid Suþrigium gefuhton on Tenet wiþ hęþnum herige 7 ærest sige namon, 7 þær wearþ monig mon ofslægen 7 adruncen on gehwęþere hond. On þæs ofer Eastron geaf Ęþelwulf cyning his dohtor Burgrede cyninge of Wesseaxum on Merce.\nHer hęþne men ærest on Sceapige ofer winter sætun. 7 þy ilcan geare gebocude Ęþelwulf cyning teoþan dęl his londes ofer al his rice Go<de> to lofe 7 him selfum to ecere hęlo, 7 þy ilcan geare ferde to Rome mid micelre weorþnesse 7 þær was .xii. monaþ wuniende 7 þa him hamweard fór, 7 him þa Carl Francna cyning his dohtor geaf him to cuene, 7 æfter þam to his leodum cuom 7 hie þæs gefægene wærun. 7 ymb .ii. gear þæs ðe he on Francum com he gefór, 7 his lic liþ æt Wintanceastre, 7 he ricsode nigonteoþe healf gear. On se Ęþelwulf wæs Ecgbrehting, Ecgbryht Ealhmunding, Ealhmund Eafing, Eafa Eopping, Eoppa Ingilding; Ingild wæs Ines broþur Westseaxna cyninges, þæs þe eft ferde to Sancte Petre 7 þær eft his feorh gesealde; 7 hie wæron Cenredes suna, Cenred wæs Ceolwalding, Ceolwald Cuþaing, Cuþa Cuþwining, Cuþwine Ceaulining, Ceawlin Cynricing, Cynric Cerdicing, Cerdic Elesing, Elesa Esling, Esla Giwising, Giwis Wiging, Wig Freawining, Freawine Friþogaring, Friþogar Bronding, Brond Bęldæging, Bęldæg Wodening, Woden Friþowalding, Friþuwald Freawining, Frealaf Friþuwulfing, Friþuwulf Finning, Fin Godwulfing, Godwulf Geating, Geat Tętwaing, Tętwa Beawing, Beaw Sceldwaing, Sceldwea Heremoding, Heremod Itermoning, Itermon Hraþraing, se wæs geboren in þære earce: Noe, Lamach, Matusalem, Enoh, Iaered, Maleel, Camon, Enos, Sed, Adam primus homo et pater noster est Christus, Amen. On þa fengon Ęþelwulfes suna twegen to rice, Ęþelbald to Wesseaxna rice 7 Ęþelbryht to Cantwara rice 7 to Eastseaxna rice 7 to Suþrigea 7 to Suþseaxna rice; 7 þa ricsode Ęþelbald .v. gear.\nHer Ęþelbald cyng forþferde, 7 his lic liþ æt Sciraburnan, 7 feng Ęþelbrht to allum þam rice his broþur, 7 he hit heold on godre geþuærnesse 7 on micel<r>e sibsumnesse; 7 on his dæge cuom micel sciphere hand1b: up 7 abręcon Wintanceastre. 7 wiþ þone here gefuhton Osric aldorman mid Hamtunscire, 7 Ęþelwulf aldormon mid Bearrucscire, 7 þone here gefliemdon, 7 węlstowe gewald ahton; 7 se Ęþelbryht ricsode .v. gear, 7 his lic liþ æt Scireburnan.\nHer sæt hęþen here on Tenet, 7 genamon friþ wiþ Cantwarum, 7 Cantware him feoh geheton wiþ þam friþe, 7 under þam friþe 7 þam feohgehate se here hiene on niht up bestęl, 7 oferhergeade alle Cent eastewearde;\nHer feng Ęþered Ęþelbryhtes broþur to Wesseaxna rice; 7 þy ilcan geare cuom micel here on Angelcynnes lond, 7 wintersetl namon on Eastenglum, 7 þær gehorsude wurdon, 7 hie him friþ <wiþ> namon.\nHer for se here of Eastenglum ofer Humbre muþan to Eoforwicceastre on Norþhymbre, 7 þær wæs micel ungeþuærnes þære þeode betweox him selfum, 7 hie hæfdun hiera cyning aworpenne Osbryht, 7 ungecyndne cyning underfengon Ęllan; 7 hie late on geare to þam gecirdon þæt hie wiþ þone here winnende wærun, 7 hie þeah micle fierd gegadrodon, 7 þone here sohton æt Eoforwicceastre, 7 on þa ceastre bręcon, 7 hie sume inne wurdon, 7 þær was ungemetlic węl geslægen Norþanhymbra, sume binnan, sume butan; 7 þa cyningas begen ofslægene, 7 sio laf wiþ þone here friþ nam; 7 þy ilcan geare gefor Ealchstan biscep, 7 he hæfde þæt bisceprice .l. wintra æt Scireburnan, 7 his lic liþ þær on tune.\nHer for se ilca here innan Mierce to Snotengaham, 7 þær wintersetl namon; 7 Burgręd Miercna cyning 7 his wiotan będon Ęþered Westseaxna cyning 7 Ęlfred his broþur þæt hie him gefultumadon , þæt hie wiþ þone here gefuhton; 7 þa ferdon hie mid Wesseaxna fierde innan Mierce oþ Snotengaham, 7 þone here þær metton on þam geweorce, 7 þær nan hefelic gefeoht ne wearþ, 7 Mierce friþ namon wiþ þone here;\nHer for se here eft to Eoforwicceastre, 7 þær sæt .i. gear.\nHer rad se here ofer Mierce innan Eastengle 7 wintersetl namon æt Þeodforda, 7 þy wintra Eadmund cyning him wiþ feaht, 7 þa Deniscan sige namon, 7 þone cyning ofslogon, 7 þæt lond all geeodon; 7 þy geare gefor Ceolnoþ ærcebiscep. hand7a: 7 Æþered Wiltunscire biscop wearþ gecoren to ærcebisc<o>pe to Cantuareberi.\nHer cuom se here to Readingum on Westseaxe, 7 þæs ymb .iii. niht ridon .ii. eorlas up; Þa gemette hie Ęþelwulf aldorman on Englafelda, 7 him þær wiþ gefeaht 7 sige nam; Þæs ymb .iiii. niht Ęþered cyning 7 Ęlfred his broþur þær micle fierd to Readingum gelęddon, 7 wiþ þone here gefuhton, 7 þær wæs micel węl geslægen on gehwęþre hond, 7 Ęþelwulf aldormon wearþ ofslægen, 7 þa Deniscan ahton węlstowe gewald; 7 þæs ymb .iiii. niht gefeaht Ęþered cyning 7 Ęlfred his broþur wiþ alne þone here on Æscesdune, 7 hie wærun on twæm gefylcum, on oþrum wæs Bachsecg 7 Halfdene þa hęþnan cyningas, 7 on oþrum wæron þa eorlas; 7 þa gefeaht se cyning Ęþered wiþ þara cyninga getruman, 7 þær wearþ se cyning Bagsecg ofslægen; 7 Ęlfred his broþur wiþ þara eorla getruman, 7 þær wearþ Sidroc eorl ofslægen se alda, 7 Sidroc eorl se gioncga, 7 Osbearn eorl, 7 Fræna eorl, 7 Hareld eorl, 7 þa hergas begen gefliemde, 7 fela þusenda ofslægenra, 7 onfeohtende wæron oþ niht. 7 þæs ymb .xiiii. niht gefeaht Ęþered cyning 7 Ęlfred his broður wiþ þone here æt Basengum, 7 þær þa Deniscan sige namon; 7 þæs ymb .ii. monaþ gefeaht Ęþered cyning 7 Ęlfred his broþur wiþ þone here æt Meretune, 7 hie wærun on tuæm gefylcium, 7 hie butu gefliemdon, 7 longe on dæg sige ahton, 7 þær wearþ micel węlsliht on gehwęþere hond, 7 þa Deniscan ahton węlstowe gewald; 7 þær wearþ Heahmund biscep ofslægen, 7 fela godra monna; 7 æfter þissum gefeohte cuom micel sumorlida; 7 þæs ofer Eastron gefor Ęþered cyning, 7 he ricsode .v. gear, 7 his lic liþ æt Winburnan. Þa feng Ęlfred Ęþelwulfing his broþur to Wesseaxna rice; 7 þæs ymb anne monaþ gefeaht Ęlfred cyning wiþ alne þone here lytle werede æt Wiltune, 7 hine longe on dæg gefliemde, 7 þa Deniscan ahton węlstowe gewald; 7 þæs geares wurdon .viiii. folc gefeoht gefohten wiþ þone here on þy cynerice be suþan Temese, 7 butan þam þe him Ęlfred þæs cyninges broþur, 7 anlipig aldormon, 7 cyninges þegnas oft rade onridon þe mon na ne rimde, 7 þæs geares wærun ofslægene .viiii. eorlas 7 an cyning; 7 þy geare namon Westseaxe friþ wiþ þone here.\nHer for se here to Lundenbyrig from Readingum, 7 þær wintersetl nam, 7 þa namon Mierce friþ wiþ þone here.\nHer for se here on Norþhymbre, 7 he nam wintersetl on Lindesse æt Tureces iege, 7 þa namon Mierce friþ wiþ þone here.\nHer for se here from Lindesse to Hreopedune, 7 þær wintersetl nam, 7 þone cyning Burgręd ofer sę adræfdon ymb .xxii. wintra þæs þe he rice hæfde, 7 þæt lond all geeodon; 7 he for to Rome 7 þær gesæt 7 his lic liþ on Sancta Marian ciricean on Angelcynnes scole; 7 þy ilcan geare hie sealdon anum unwisum cyninges þegne Miercna rice to haldanne, 7 he him aþas swor 7 gislas salde, þæt he him gearo wære swa hwelce dæge swa hie hit habban wolden, 7 he gearo wære mid him selfum, 7 on allum þam þe him læstan woldon to þæs heres þearfe.\nHer for se here from Hreopedune, 7 Healfdene for mid sumum þam here on Norþhymbre. 7 nam wintersetl be Tinan þære ea, 7 se here þæt lond geeode. 7 oft Hergade on Peohtas, 7 on Stręcledwalas; 7 for Godrum 7 Oscytel 7 Anwynd. þa .iii. cyningas, of Hreopedune to Grantebrycge mid micle here, 7 sæton þær an gear; 7 þy sumera for Ęlfred cyning ut on sę mid sciphere, 7 gefeaht wiþ .vii. sciphlæstas, 7 hiera an gefeng. 7 þa oþru gefliemde.\nHer hiene bestęl se here into Werham Wesseaxna fierde, 7 wiþ þone here se cyning friþ nam, 7 him þa aþas sworon on þam halgan beage, þe hie ær nanre þeode noldon, þæt hie hrędlice of his rice foren; 7 hie þa under þam hie nihtes bestęlon þære fierde se gehorsoda here into Escanceaster; 7 þy geare Healfdene Norþanhymbra lond gedęlde. 7 ergende wæron 7 hiera tilgende.\nHer cuom se here into Escanceastre from Werham, 7 se sciphere sigelede west ymbutan, 7 þa mette hie micel yst on sę, 7 þær forwearþ .cxx. scipa æt Swanawic; 7 se cyning Ęlfred æfter þam gehorsudan here mid fierde rad oþ Exanceaster 7 hie hindan ofridan ne meahte ær hie on þam fæstene wæron, þær him mon to ne meahte; 7 hie him þær foregislas saldon. swa fela swa he habban wolde, 7 micle aþas sworon, 7 þa godne friþ heoldon; 7 þa on hærfæste gefor se here on Miercna lond, 7 hit gedældon sum, 7 sum Ceolwulfe saldon.\nHer hiene bestęl se here on midne winter ofer tuel<f>tan niht to Cippanhamme, 7 geridon Wesseaxna lond 7 gesæton <7> micel þæs folces (7) ofer sę adræfdon, 7 þæs oþres þone mæstan dęl hie geridon, 7 him to gecirdon buton þam cyninge Ęlfrede. 7 he lytle werede unieþelice æfter wudum for, 7 on morfæstenum; 7 þæs ilcan wintra wæs Inwæres broþur 7 Healfdenes on Westseaxum on Defenascire mid .xxiii. scipum, 7 hiene mon þær ofslog, 7 .dccc. monna mid him. 7 .xl. monna his heres; 7 þæs on Eastron worhte Ęlfred cyning lytle werede geweorc æt Ęþelingaeigge, 7 of þam geweorce was winnende wiþ þone here, 7 Sumursætna se dęl, se þær niehst wæs; Þa on þære seofoðan wiecan ofer Eastron he gerad to Ecgbryhtes stane be eastan Sealwyda, 7 him to com(m)an þær ongen Sumorsæte alle, 7 Wilsætan, 7 Hamtunscir se dęl, se hiere behinon sę was, 7 his gefægene wærun; 7 he for ymb ane niht of þam wicum to Iglea, 7 þæs ymb ane to Eþandune, 7 þær gefeaht wiþ alne þone here, 7 hiene gefliemde, 7 him æfter rad oþ þæt geweorc, 7 þær sæt .xiiii. niht; 7 þa salde se here him foregislas 7 micle aþas þæt hie of his rice uuoldon 7 him eac geheton þæt hiera kyning fulwihte onfon wolde 7 hie þæt gelæston swa, 7 þæs ymb .iii. wiecan com se cyning to him Godrum þritiga sum þara monna þe in þam here weorþuste wæron æt Alre, 7 þæt is wiþ Ęþelinggaeige; 7 his se cyning þær onfeng æt fulwihte, 7 his crismlising was æt Weþmor, 7 he was .xii. niht mid þam cyninge, 7 he hine miclum 7 his geferan mid feo weorðude.\nHer for se here to Cirenceastre of Cippanhamme. 7 sæt þær an gear; 7 þy geare gegadrode on hloþ wicenga, 7 gesæt æt Fullanhamme be Temese; 7 þy ilcan geare aþiestrode sio sunne ane tid dæges.\nHer for se here of Cirenceastre on Eastengle, 7 gesæt þæt lond, 7 gedęlde. 7 þy ilcan geare for se here ofer sę þe ær on Fullanhomme sæt on Fronclond to Gend, 7 sæt þær an gear.\nHer for se here ufor on Fronclond, 7 þa Francan him wiþ gefuhton, 7 þær þa wearþ se here gehorsod æfter þam gefeohte.\nHer for se here up onlong Mæse feor on Fronclond, 7 þær sæt an gear. 7 þy ilcan geare for Ęlfred cyning mid scipum ut on sę. 7 gefeaht wiþ feower sciphlæstas Deniscra monna, 7 þara scipa tu genam, 7 þa men ofslægene wæron þe ðęron wæron, 7 tuegen scipheras him on hond eodon, 7 þa wæron miclum forslægene 7 forwundode ær hie on hond eodon.\nHer for se here up on Scald to Cundoþ, 7 þær sæt an gear.\nHer for se here up on Sunnan to Embenum, 7 þær sæt an gear.\nHer todęlde se foresprecena here on tu, oþer dęl east. oþer dęl to Hrofesceastre; 7 ymbsæton ða ceastre, 7 worhton oþer fæsten ymb hie selfe. 7 hie þeah þa ceastre aweredon oþþæt Ęlfred com utan mid fierde; Þa eode se here to hiera scipum, 7 forlet þæt geweorc. 7 hie wurdon þær behorsude, 7 sona þy ilcan sumere ofer sę gewiton; 7 þy ilcan geare sende Ælfred cyning sciphere on Eastengle; sona swa hie comon on Stufe muþan, þa metton hie .xvi. scipu wicenga, 7 wiþ ða gefuhton, 7 þa scipo alle geręhton, 7 þa men ofslogon; Þa hie þa hamweard wendon mid þære herehyþe, þa metton hie micelne sciphere wicenga, 7 þa wiþ þa gefuhton þy ilcan dæge, 7 þa Deniscan ahton sige; Þy ilcan geare ær middum wintra forþferde Carl Francna cyning, 7 hiene ofslog an efor, 7 ane geare ær his broður forþferde, se hæfde eac þæt westrice, 7 hie wæron begen Hloþwiges suna. Se hæfde eac þæt westrice, 7 forþferde þy geare þe sio sunne aþiestrode. Se wæs Karles sunu þe Ęþelwulf Westseaxna cyning his dohtor hæfde him to cuene. 7 þy ilcan geare gegadrode micel sciphere on Aldseaxum, 7 þær wearþ micel gefeoht tua on geare, 7 þa Seaxan hæfdun sige, 7 þær wæron Frisan mid. Þy ilcan geare feng Carl to þam westrice, 7 to allum þam westrice behienan Wendelsę, 7 begeondan þisse sę, swa hit his þridda fęder hæfde, butan Lidwiccium. Se Carl was Hloþwiges sunu, se Hloþwig was Carles broþur, se wæs Iuþyttan fęder þe Ęþelwulf cyning hæfde, 7 hie wæron Hloþwiges suna, se Hloþwig was þæs aldan Carles sunu, se Carl was Pippenes sunu. 7 þy ilcan geare forþferde se goda papa Marinus, se gefreode Ongelcynnes scole be Ęlfredes bene Westseaxna cyninges, 7 he sende him micla gifa, 7 þære rode dęl þe Crist on þrowude. 7 þy ilcan geare se here on Eastenglum bręc friþ wiþ Ęlfred cyning.\nHer for se here eft west þe ær east gelende, 7 þa up on Sigene, 7 þær wintersetl namon. Þy ilcan geare gesette Ęlfred cyning Lundenburg, 7 him all Angelcyn to cirde, þæt buton Deniscra monna hæftniede was, 7 hie þa befæste þa burg Ęþerede aldormen to haldonne.\nHer for se here up þurh þa brycge æt Paris, 7 þa up andlang Sigene oþ Mæterne, oþ Cariei; 7 þa sæton þara 7 innan Ionan tu winter on þam twam stedum; 7 þy ilcan geare forþferde Karl Francna cyning, 7 Earnulf his broþur sunu hine .vi. wicum ær he forþferde beręd<d>e æt þæm rice, 7 þa wearþ þæt rice todęled on .v. 7 .v. kyningas to gehalgode. Þæt wæs þeah mid Earnulfes geþafunge, 7 hi cuędon þæt hie þæt to his honda healdan sceoldon. forþæm hira nan næs on fędren healfe to geboren. buton him anum. Earnulf þa wunode on þęm londe be eastan Rin, 7 Roþulf þa feng to þæm middelrice, 7 Oda to þæm westdæle, 7 Beorngar 7 Wiþa to Longbeardna londe, 7 to þæm londum on þa healfe muntes, 7 þæt heoldun mid micelre unsibbe, 7 tu folcgefeoht gefuhton, 7 þæt lond oft 7 gelome forhergodon, 7 æghwęþer oþerne oftrędlice ut dræfde; 7 þy ilcan geare þe se here for forþ up ofer þa brycge æt Paris. (7) Æþelhelm aldormon lędde Wesseaxna ęlmessan 7 Ęlfredes cyninges to Rome. [n887.4]\nHer lędde Beocca aldormon Wesseaxna ęlmessan 7 Ęlfredes cyninges to Rome. 7 Ęþelswiþ cuen, sio wæs Ęlfredes sweostor cyninges, forþferde, 7 hire lic liþ æt Pafian; 7 þy ilcan geare Ęþered ercebiscep 7 Ęþelwold aldormon. forþferdon on anum monþe.\n[n889.1] On þissum geare næs nan fęreld to Rome, buton tuegen hleaperas Ęlfred cyning sende mid gewritum.\nHer lędde Beornhelm abbud Westseaxna ęlmessan to Rome 7 Ęlfredes cyninges; 7 Godrum se norþerna cyning forþferde, þæs fulluhtnama wæs Ęþelstan, se wæs Ęlfredes cyninges godsunu, 7 he bude on Eastenglum, 7 þæt lond ærest gesæt; 7 þy ilcan geare for se here of Sigene to Sant Laudan, þæt is betueoh Brettum 7 Francum, 7 Brettas him wiþ gefuhton, 7 hæfdon sige, 7 hie bedrifon ut on ane ea, 7 monige adrencton. hand7a: Her wæs Plegemund gecoron of Gode 7 of eallen his halechen.\nHer for se here east. 7 Earnulf cyning gefeaht wið ðæm rędehere ær þa scipu cuomon, mid Eastfrancum, 7 Seaxum, 7 Bægerum. 7 hine gefliemde; 7 þrie Scottas comon to Ęlfrede cyninge, on anum bate butan ęlcum gereþrum of Hibernia, þonon hi hi bestęlon forþon þe hi woldon for Godes lufan on elþiodignesse beon, hi ne rohton hwær. Se bat wæs geworht of þriddan healfre hyde þe hi on foron, 7 hi namon mid him þæt hi hæfdun to seofon nihtum mete; 7 þa comon hie ymb .vii. niht to londe on Cornwalum. 7 foron þa sona to Ęlfrede cyninge; Þus hie wæron genemnde, Dubslane 7 Maccbethu. 7 Maelinmun. 7 Swifneh se betsta lareow þe on Scottum wæs gefor.\n(892) actually a continuation of 891\n[*]7 þy ilcan geare ofer Eastron. ymbe gang dagas oþþe ær, æteowde se steorra þe mon on boclæden hæt cometa, sume men cweþaþ on Englisc þæt hit sie feaxede steorra. forþæm þær stent lang leoma of, hwilum on ane healfe, hwilum on ælce healfe.\n[n892.1] Her on þysum geare for se micla here. þe we gefyrn ymbe spræcon, eft of þæm eastrice westweard to Bunann [n892.2] . 7 þær wurdon gescipode, swa þæt hie asettan him on anne siþ ofer mid horsum mid ealle, 7 þa comon up on Limene muþan. mid .ccl. (hunde) scipa. Se muþa is on easte weardre Cent [n892.3] æt þæs miclam wuda eastende þe we Andred hatað; se wudu is eastlang 7 westlang hund twelftiges mila lang oþþe lengra, 7 þritiges mila brad; seo ea þe we ær ymbe spræcon lið ut of þæm wealda; On þa ea hi tugon up hiora scipu oþ þone weald .iiii. mila fram þæm muþan uteweardum. 7 þær abræcon an geweorc inne on þæm fenne sæton feawa cirlisce men on, 7 wæs samworht. Þa sona æfter þæm com Hæsten mid .lxxx. scipa up on Temese muðan, 7 worhte him geweorc æt Middeltune, 7 se oþer here æt Apuldre.\n[n893.1] On þys geare, þæt wæs ymb twelf monað þæs þe hie on þæm eastrice geweorc geworht hæfdon, Norþhymbre 7 Eastengle hæfdon Ælf(f)rede cyninge aþas geseald, 7 Eastengle foregisla .vi. 7 þeh ofer þa treowa, swa oft swa þa oþre hergas mid ealle herige ut foron, þonne foron hie, oþþe mid, oþþe on heora healfe an [n893.2] . Þa gegaderade Ælfred cyning his fierd, 7 for þæt he gewicode betwuh þæm twam hergum. þær þær he niehst rymet hæfde for wudufæstenne ond for wæterfæstenne swa þæt he mehte ægþerne geræcan gif hie ænigne feld secan wolden; Þa foron hie siþþan æfter þæm wealda hloþum 7 flocradum. bi swa hwaþerre efes swa hit þonne fierdleas wæs. 7 hi(m) mon eac mid oþrum floccum sohte mæstra daga ælce, oþþe on niht. ge of þære fierde, ge eac of þæm burgum; Hæfde se cyning his fierd on tu [n893.3] tonumen, swa þæt hie wæron simle healfe æt ham, healfe ute, butan þæm monnum þe þa burga healdan scolden. Ne com se here oftor eall ute of þæm setum þonne tuwwa. oþre siþe þa hie ærest to londe comon, ær sio fierd gesamnod wære, oþre siþe þa hie of þæm setum faran woldon; Þa hie gefengon micle herehyð, 7 þa woldon ferian norþweardes ofer Temese in on Eastseaxe ongean þa scipu. Þa forrad sio fierd hie foran, 7 him wið gefeaht æt Fearnhamme, 7 þone here gefliemde, 7 þa herehyþa ahreddon, 7 hie flugon ofer Temese buton ælcum forda þa up be Colne on anne iggað. Þa besæt sio fierd hie þær utan þa hwile þe hie þær lengest mete hæfdon. Ac hie hæfdon þa heora stemn gesetenne, 7 hiora mete genotudne, 7 wæs se cyng þa þiderweardes on fære mid þære scire [n893.4] þe mid him fierdedon; Þa he þa wæs þiderweardes, 7 sio oþeru fierd wæs hamweardes, 7 ða Deniscan sæton þær behindan, forþæm hiora cyning wæs gewundod on þæm gefeohte, þæt hi hine ne mehton ferian; Þa gegaderedon þa þe in Norþhymbrum bugeað, 7 on Eastenglum, sum hund scipa, 7 foron suð ymbutan, 7 sum feowertig scipa norþ ymbutan, 7 ymbsæton an geweorc on Defnascire be þære norþsæ [n893.5] ; 7 þa þe suð ymbutan foron. ymbsæton Exancester. Þa se cyng þæt hierde, þa wende he hine west wið Exanceastres mid ealre [n893.6] þære fierde, buton swiþe gewaldenum dæle easteweardes þæs folces. Þa foron forð oþþe hie comon to Lundenbyrg, 7 þa mid þæm burgwarum 7 þæm fultume þe him westan com, foron east to Beamfleote; Wæs Hæsten þa þær cumen mid his herge, þe ær æt Middeltune sæt. 7 eac se micla here wæs þa þærto cumen, þe ær on Limene muþan sæt æt Apuldre; Hæfde [n893.7] Hæsten ær geworht þæt geweorc æt Beamfleote, 7 wæs þa ut afaren on hergaþ, 7 wæs se micla here æt ham; Þa foron hie to 7 gefliemdon þone here, 7 þæt geweorc abræcon, 7 genamon eal þæt þær binnan wæs, ge on feo. ge on wifum, ge eac on bearnum, 7 brohton eall into Lundenbyrig, 7 þa scipu eall oðþe tobræcon, oþþe forbærndon, oþþe to Lundenbyrig brohton oþþe to Hrofesceastre. 7 Hæstenes wif 7 his suna twegen mon brohte to þæm cyninge, 7 he hi him eft ageaf, forþæm þe hiora wæs oþer [n893.8] his godsunu, oþer Æðeredes ealdormonnes; Hæfdon hi hiora onfangen ær Hæsten to Beamfleote come, 7 he him hæfde geseald gislas 7 aðas, 7 se cyng him eac wel feoh sealde, 7 eac swa þa he þone cniht agef 7 þæt wif. Ac sona swa hie to B(l)eamfleote comon, 7 þæt geweorc (ge)gewor<h>t [n893.9] wæs. swa hergode he on [n893.10] his rice þone ilcan ende þe æþered his cumpæder healdan sceolde, 7 eft oþre siþe he wæs on hergað gelend on þæt ilce rice þa þa mon his geweorc abræc. Þa se cyning hine þa west wende mid þære fierde wið Exancestres, swa ic ær sæde, 7 se here þa burg beseten [n893.11] hæfde; Þa he þærto gefaren wæs, þa eodon hie to hiora scipum. Þa he þa wið þone here þær wæst abisgod wæs, 7 þa hergas wæron þa gegaderode begen to Sceobyrig on Eastseaxum, 7 þær geweorc worhtun. Foron begen ætgædere up be Temese, 7 him com micel eaca to. ægþer ge of Eastenglum, ge of Norþhymbrum. Foron þa up be Temese oþþæt hie gedydon æt Sæferne, þa up be Sæferne. Þa gegaderode Æþered ealdormon, 7 Æþelm ealdorman. 7 Æþelnoþ ealdorman, 7 þa cinges þegnas þe þa æt ham æt þæm geweorcum wæron, of ælcre byrig be eastan Pedredan, ge be westan Sealwuda ge be eastan, ge eac be norþan Temese, 7 be westan Sæfern, ge eac sum dæl þæs Norðwealcynnes. Þa hie þa ealle gegaderode wæron, þa offoron hie þone here hindan æt Buttingtune on Sæferne staþe, 7 hine þær utan besæton on ælce healfe, on anum fæstenne. Þa hie ða fela wucena sæton on twa healfe þær e, 7 se cyng wæs west [n893.12] on Defnum wiþ þone sciphere, þa wæron hie mid metelieste gewægde, 7 hæfdon miclne dæl þara horsa freten. 7 þa oþre wæron hungre acwolen. Þa eodon hie ut to ðæm monnum þe on easthealfe þære e wicodon, 7 him wiþ gefuhton, 7 þa Cristnan hæfdon sige; 7 þær wearð Ordheh cyninges þegn ofslægen, 7 eac monige oþre cyninges þegnas [n893.13] , ofslægen, 7 se dæl þe þær aweg com wurdon on fleame generede. Þa hie on Eastseaxe comon to hiora geweorce. 7 to hiora scipum. þa gegaderade sio laf eft of Eastenglum, 7 of [*]Norðhymbrum micelne here onforan winter 7 befæston hira wif, 7 hira scipu, 7 hira feoh on Eastenglum, 7 foron anstreces dæges 7 nihtes, þæt hie gedydon on anre westre ceastre on Wirhealum, seo is Legaceaster gehaten; Þa ne mehte seo fird hie na hindan offaran, ær hie wæron inne on þæm geweorce; Besæton þeah þæt geweorc utan sume twegen dagas, 7 genamon ceapes eall þæt þær buton wæs, 7 þa men ofslogon þe hie foran forridan mehton butan geweorce, 7 þæt corn eall forbærndon, 7 mid hira horsum fretton on ælcre efenehðe. 7 þæt wæs ymb twelf monað þæs þe hie ær hider ofer sæ comon.\n[n894.1] ONd [n894.2] þa sona æfter þæm on ðys gere for se here of Wirheale in on Norðwealas, forþæm hie ðær sittan ne mehton; þæt wæs forðy þe hie wæron benumene ægðer ge þæs ceapes, ge þæs cornes, ðe hie gehergod hæfdon; Þa hie ða eft ut of Norðwealum wendon mid þære herehyðe þe hie ðær genumen hæfdon, þa foron hie ofer Norðhymbra lond 7 Eastengla, swa swa seo fird hie geræcan ne mehte, oþþæt hie comon on Eastseaxna lond easteweard, on an igland þæt is ute on þære sæ, þæt is Meresig haten. 7 þa se here eft hamweard wende þe Exanceaster beseten hæfde, þa hergodon hie up on Suðseaxum neah Cisseceastre, 7 þa burgware hie gefliemdon, 7 hira monig hund ofslogon, 7 hira scipu sumu genamon. Ða þy ilcan gere onforan winter þa Deniscan þe on Meresige sæton tugon hira scipu up on Temese, 7 þa up on Lygan; þæt wæs ymb twa ger þæs þe hie hider ofer sæ comon.\n[n895.1] On þy ilcan gere worhte se foresprecena here geweorc be Lygan .xx. mila bufan Lundenbyrig. Þa þæs on sumera foron micel dæl þara burgwara, 7 eac swa oþres folces, þæt hie gedydon æt þara Deniscana geweorce, 7 þær wurdon gefliemde, 7 sume feower cyninges þegnas ofslægene. Þa þæs on hærfeste þa wicode se cyng on neaweste þære byrig, þa hwile þe hie hira corn gerypon, þæt þa Deniscan him ne mehton þæs ripes forwiernan. Þa sume dæge rad se cyng up bi þære eæ, 7 gehawade hwær mon mehte þa ea forwyrcan, þæt hie ne mehton þa scipu ut brengan. 7 hie ða swa dydon, worhton ða tu geweorc on twa healfe þære eas. Þa hie ða þæt geweorc furþum ongunnen hæfdon, 7 þærto gewicod hæfdon þa onget se here þæt hie ne mehton þa scipu ut brengan; Þa forleton hie hie, 7 eodon ofer land þæt hie gedydon æt Cwatbrycge be Sæfern, 7 þær gewerc worhton. Þa rad seo fird west æfter þæm herige, 7 þa men of Lundenbyrig gefetedon þa scipu, 7 þa ealle þe hie alædan ne mehton tobræcon, 7 þa þe þær stælwyrðe wæron binnan Lundenbyrig gebrohton; 7 þa Deniscan hæfdon hira wif befæst innan Eastengle ær hie ut of þæm geweorce foron; Þa sæton hie þone winter æt Cwatbrycge. Þæt wæs ymb þreo ger þæs þe hie on Limene muðan comon hider ofer sæ.\n[n896.1] Ða þæs on sumera on ðysum gere tofor se here, sum on Eastengle, sum on Norðhymbre, 7 þa þe feohlease wæron him þær scipu begeton, 7 suð ofer sæ foron to Sigene. Næfde se here, Godes þonces, Angelcyn ealles forswiðe gebrocod; Ac hie wæron micle swiþor gebrocede on þæm þrim gearum mid ceapes cwilde 7 monna, ealles swiþost mid þæm þæt manige þara selestena cynges þena þe þær on londe wæron forðferdon on þæm þrim gearum; Þara wæs sum Swiðulf biscop on Hrofesceastre, 7 Ceolmund ealdormon on Cent, 7 Beorhtulf ealdormon on Eastseaxum, 7 Wulfred ealdormon on Hamtunscire, 7 Ealhheard biscop æt Dorceceastre, 7 Eadulf cynges þegn on Suðseaxum [n896.2] , 7 Beornulf wicgefera on Winteceastre, 7 Ecgulf cynges horsþegn, 7 manige eac him þeh ic ða geðungnestan nemde. Þy ilcan geare drehton þa hergas on Eastenglum 7 on Norðhymbrum Westseaxna lond swiðe be þæm suðstæðe mid stælhergum, ealra swiþust mid ðæm æscum þe hie fela geara ær timbredon. Þa het Ælfred cyng timbran langscipu ongen ða æscas; þa wæron fulneah tu swa lange [n896.3] swa þa oðru. Sume hæfdon .lx. ara. sume ma. Þa wæron ægðer ge swiftran ge unwealtran, ge eac hieran þonne þa oðru; næron nawðer ne on Fresisc gescæpene ne on Denisc, bute swa him selfum ðuhte þæt hie nytwyrðoste beon meahten. Þa æt sumum cirre þæs ilcan geares comon þær sex scipu to Wiht, 7 þær micel yfel gedydon, ægðer ge on Defenum ge welhwær be ðæm særiman. Þa het se cyng faran mid nigonum to þara niwena scipa, 7 forforon him þone muðan foran on utermere; Þa foron hie mid þrim scipum ut ongen hie, 7 þreo stodon æt ufeweardum þæm muðan on drygum, wæron þa men uppe on londe of agane, þa gefengon hie þara þreora scipa tu æt ðæm muðan uteweardum, 7 þa men ofslogon, 7 þæt an oðwand; On þæm wæron eac þa men ofslægene buton fifum. Þa comon forðy onweg ðe ðara oþerra scipu asæton, þa wurdon eac swiðe uneðelice aseten. Þreo asæton on ða healfe þæs deopes ðe ða Deniscan scipu aseten wæron, 7 þa oðru eall on oþre healfe, þæt hira ne mehte nan to oðrum. Ac ða þæt wæter wæs ahebbad fela furlanga from þæm scipum. þa eodan ða Deniscan from þæm þrim scipum to þæm oðrum þrim þe on hira healfe beebbade wæron, 7 hie þa þær gefuhton. Þær wearð ofslægen Lucumon cynges gerefa. 7 Wulfheard Friesa. 7 Æbbe Friesa, 7 Æðelhere Friesa, 7 Æðelferð cynges geneat, 7 ealra monna Fresiscra 7 Engliscra .lxii. 7 þara Deniscena .cxx. þa com þæm Deniscum scipum þeh ær flod to, ær þa Cristnan mehten hira ut ascufan [n896.4] , 7 hie forðy ut oðreowon; Þa wæron hie to þæm gesargode. þæt hie ne mehton Suðseaxna lond utan berowan, ac hira þær tu sæ on lond wearp. 7 þa men mon lædde to Winteceastre to þæm cynge, 7 he hie ðær ahon het. 7 þa men comon on Eastengle. þe on þæm anum scipe wæron. swiðe forwundode. Þy ilcan sumera forwearð nolæs þonne .xx. scipa mid monnum mid ealle. be þæm suðriman. Þy ilcan gere forðferde Wulfric cynges horsðegn, se wæs eac Wealhgefera.\n[n897.1] Her on þysum gere gefor æðelm Wiltunscire ealdormon, nigon nihtum ær middum sumere. 7 her forðferde Heahstan, se wæs on Lundenne biscop.\n[n900.1] Her gefor Ælfred Aþulfing, syx nihtum ær ealra haligra mæssan; Se wæs cyning ofer eall Ongelcyn butan ðæm dæle þe under Dena onwalde wæs, 7 he heold þæt rice oþrum healfum [n900.2] læs þe .xxx. wintra; 7 þa feng Eadweard [n900.3] his sunu [n900.4] to rice. Þa gerad Æðelwald his fædran sunu þone ham æt Winburnan, 7 æt Tweoxneam butan ðæs cyninges leafe 7 his witena. Þa rad se cyning mid firde þæt [n900.5] he gewicode æt Baddanbyrig wið Winburnan, 7 Æðelwald sæt binnan þæm ham mid þæm monnum þe him to gebugon, 7 hæfde ealle þa geatu forworht in to him, 7 sæde þæt he wolde oðer oððe þær libban oððe þær licgan. Þa under þæm þa bestæl he hine on niht on weg, 7 gesohte þone here on Norðhymbrum, 7 se cyng het ridan æfter, 7 þa ne mehte hine mon ofridan; Þa berad mon þæt wif þæt he hæfde ær genumen butan cynges leafe 7 ofer þara biscopa gebod, forðon ðe heo wæs ær to nunnan gehalgod. 7 on þys ilcan gere forðferde Æþered, wæs on Defenum ealdormon, feower wucum ær Ælfred cyning.\n[n902.1] Her gefor Aþulf ealdormon Ealhswiðe broðor 7 Uirgilius abbud of Scottum. 7 Grimbald mæssepreost. hand6a: .viii. idus Iulii.\n[n903.1] Her com æðelwald hider ofer sæ mid þæm flotan þe he mid wæs on Eastsexe.\n[n904.1] Her aspon Æðelwald þone here on Eastenglum to unfriðe, þæt hie hergodon ofer Mercna land oð hie comon to Creccagelade, 7 foron þær ofer Temese, 7 namon ægðer ge on Br<æ>dene [n904.2] ge ðær ymbutan eall þæt hie gehentan mehton, 7 wendan ða eft hamweard; Þa for Eadweard cyning æfter, swa he raðost mehte his fird gegadrian, 7 oferhergade eall hira land betwuh dicum 7 Wusan, eall oð ða fennas norð; Þa he ða eft þonan ut faran wolde, þa het he beodan ofer ealle þa fird þæt hie foron ealle ut ætsomne. Þa ætsæton ða Centiscan þær beæftan ofer his bebod, 7 seofon ærendracan he him hæfde to asend. Þa befor se here hie ðær, 7 hie ðær gefuhton, 7 þær wearð Sigulf ealdormon ofslægen, 7 Sigelm ealdormon, 7 Eadwold cynges ðegen [n904.3] , 7 Cenulf abbod, 7 Sigebreht Sigulfes sunu, 7 Eadwald Accan sunu, 7 monige eac him, þeh ic ða geðungnestan nemde. 7 on ðara Deniscena healfe wearð ofslægen Eohric hira cyng, 7 Æðelwald æðeling ðe hine to þæm unfriðe gespon, 7 Byrhtsige Beornoðes sunu æðelinges. 7 Ysopa hold, 7 Oscytel hold, 7 swiðe monige eac him, þe we nu genemnan ne magon; 7 þær wæs on gehwæðre hond micel wæl geslægen, 7 þara Deniscena þær [n904.4] wearð ma ofslægen, þeh hie wælstowe gewald ahton. 7 Ealhswið gefor þy ilcan geare.\n[n905.1] Her on þys geare gefor Ælfred [n905.2] , wæs æt Baðum gerefa. 7 on þæm ilcan gere mon fæstnode þone frið æt Yttingaforda, swa swa Eadweard cyng gerædde, ægðer wið Eastengle ge wið Norðhymbre.\n[n908.1] Her gefor Denulf, se wæs on Winteceastre biscop.\n[n909.1] Her feng Friðestan [n909.2] to biscopdome on Winteceastre, 7 Asser biscop gefor æfter ðæm, se wæs æt Scireburnan biscop. 7 þy ilcan gere sende Eadweard cyng firde ægðer ge of Westseaxum ge of Mercum, 7 heo gehergade swiðe micel on þæm norðhere, ægðer ge on mannum ge on gehwelces cynnes yrfe, 7 manega men ofslogon þara Deniscena. 7 þær wæron fif wucan inne.\n[n910.1] Her bræc se here on Norðhymbrum þone frið, 7 forsawon ælc frið þe Eadweard cyng 7 his witan him budon. 7 hergodon ofer Mercna lond; 7 se cyng hæfde gegadrod sum hund scipa [n910.2] . 7 wæs þa on Cent, 7 þa scipu foran be suðan east andlang sæ togenes him. Þa wende se here þæt his fultumes se [n910.3] mæsta dæl wære on þæm scipum, 7 þæt hie mehten faran unbefohtene þær þær hie wolden. Þa geascade se cyng þæt þæt hie ut on hergað foron, þa sende he his fird ægðer ge of Westseaxum ge of Mercum, 7 hie offoron ðone here hindan, þa he hamweard wæs, 7 him þa wið gefuhton, 7 þone here gefliemdon, 7 his fela þusenda ofslogon, 7 þær wæs Ecwils cyng ofslægen.\n[n911.1] Her gefor Æðered ealdormon on Mercum; 7 Eadweard cyng feng to Lundenbyrg 7 to Oxnaforda, 7 to ðæm landum eallum þe þærto hierdon.\n[*]Her on þys geare ymb Martines mæssan het Eadweard cyning atimbran þa norðran burg æt [n912.3] Heorotforda betweox Memeran 7 Beneficcan 7 Lygean; 7 þa æfter þam [n912.4] þæs on sumera. betweox gangdagum 7 middum sumera, þa for Eadweard cyning mid sumum his fultume on Eastseaxe to Mældune. 7 wicode þær þa hwile þe man þa burg worhte 7 getimbrede æt Witham; 7 him beag god dæl þæs folces to þe ær under Deniscra manna anwalde wæron, 7 sum his fultum worhte þa burg þa hwile æt Heorotforda on suþhealfe Lygean.\n[n913.1] Her on þys gere rad se here ut ofer Eastron of Hamtune, 7 of Ligeraceastre 7 bræcon þone friþ 7 slogon monige men æt Hocneratune, 7 þær onbutan; 7 þa swiðe raþe æfter þæm, swa þa oþre ham comon, þa fundon hie oþre flocrade, þæt rad ut wið Lygtunes, 7 þa wurdon þa landleode his ware, 7 him wiþ gefuhton, 7 gebrohton hie on fullum fleame, 7 ahreddon eall þæt hie genumen hæfdon, 7 eac hira horsa 7 hira wæpna micelne dæl.\n[n914.1] Her on þysum geare com micel sciphere hider ofer suþan of Lidwiccum 7 twegen eorlas mid, Ohtor 7 Hroald, 7 foron west onbutan þæt hie gedydon innan Sæferne muþan, 7 hergodon on Norþwealas æghwær be þam sæ, þær hie þonne onhagode; 7 gefengon Cameleac biscop on Ircingafelda, 7 læddon hine mid him to scipum, 7 þa aliesde Eadweard cyning hine eft mid .xl. pundum. Þa æfter þam þa for se here eall up, 7 wolde faran þa giet on hergaþ wið Ircingafeldes. Þa gemetton þa men hie of Hereforda 7 of Gleaweceastre 7 of þam niehstum [n914.2] burgum, 7 him wið gefuhton, 7 hie gefliemdon; 7 ofslogon þone eorl Hroald 7 þæs oþres eorles broþor Ohteres 7 micel þæs heres 7 bedrifon hie on anne pearruc, 7 besæton hie þær utan, oþþe hie him sealdon gislas, þæt hie of Eadweardes cyninges anwalde afaran woldon; 7 se cyng hæfde funden þæt him mon sæt wiþ on suþhealfe Sæfernmuþan, westan from Wealum, east oþ Afene muþan, þæt hie ne dorston þæt land nawer gesecan on þa healfe. Þa bestælon hie hie þeah nihtes upp æt sumum twam cirron, æt oþrum cierre be eastan Wæced, 7 æt oþrum cierre æt Portlocan; Þa slog hie mon æt ægþrum cirre, þæt hira feawa onweg comon, buton þa ane þe þær ut ætswummon to þam scipum, 7 þa sæton hie ute on þam iglande æt Bradan Relice, oþ þone first þe hie wurdon swiþe metelease, 7 monige men hungre acwælon, forþon hie ne meahton nanne mete geræcan; Foran þa þonan to Deomodum, 7 þa ut to Irlande 7 þis wæs on hærfest; 7 þa æfter þam on þam ilcan gere foran to Martines mæssan, ða for Eadweard cyning to Buccingahamme mid his firde, 7 sæt þær feower wucan, 7 geworhte þa burga buta on ægþere healfe eas ær he þonon fore; 7 þurcytel eorl hine gesohte him to hlaforde, 7 þa holdas ealle, 7 þa ieldstan men ealle mæste ðe to Bedanforda hierdon, 7 eac monige þara þe to Hamtune hierdon.\n[n915.1] Her on þys gere Eadweard cyng for mid fierde to Bedanforda foran [n915.2] to Martines mæssan, 7 beget þa burg, 7 him cirdon to mæst ealle þa burgware þe hie ær budon, 7 he sæt þær feower wucan, 7 het atimbran þa burg on suþhealfe þære eas ær he þonan fore.\n[n916.1] Her on þys gere foran to middum sumera for Eadweard cyning to Mældune, 7 getimbrede þa burg 7 gestaðolode ær he þonon fore; 7 þy ilcan geare for Þurcytel eorl ofer sæ on Froncland mid þam mannum þe him gelæstan woldon mid Eadweardes cynges friþe 7 fultume.\n[n917.1] Her on þysum gere foran to Eastron Eadweard cyning het gefaran þa burg æt Tofeceastre 7 hie getimbran; 7 þa eft æfter þam on þam ilcan geare to gangdagum he het atimbran þa burg æt Wigingamere. Þy ilcan sumera betwix hlafmæssan 7 middum sumera se here bræc þone friþ of Hamtune 7 of Ligeraceastre 7 þonan norþan 7 foron to Tofeceastre 7 fuhton on þa burg ealne dæg, 7 þohton þæt hie hie sceolden abrecan, ac hie þeah awerede þæt folc þe þærbinnan wæs oþ him mara fultum to com, 7 hie forleton þa þa burg, 7 foron aweg. 7 þa eft swiðe raþe æfter þam hie foron eft ut mid stælherge nihtes 7 comon on ungearwe men 7 [n917.2] genomon unlytel ægþer ge on mannum, ge on ierfe betweox Byrnewuda 7 Æglesbyrig. Þy ilcan siþe for se here of Huntandune 7 of Eastenglum 7 worhton þæt geweorc æt Tæmeseforda 7 hit [n917.3] budon 7 bytledon 7 forleton þæt oþer æt Huntandune 7 þohton þæt hie sceoldon þanon of mid gewinne 7 mid unfriðe eft þæs landes mare geræcan 7 foran þæt hie gedydon æt Bedanforda; 7 þa foran þa men ut ongean þe þærbinnan wæron 7 him wiþ gefuhton 7 hie gefliemdon 7 hira godne dæl ofslogon. Þa eft æfter þam þa giet gegadorode micel here hine of Eastenglum (7 of Eastenglum) [n917.4] 7 of Mercnalande 7 foran to þære byrig æt Wigingamere 7 ymbsæton hie utan 7 fuhton lange on dæg on 7 namon þone ceap onbutan; 7 þa men aweredon þeah þa burg þe þærbinnan wæron 7 þa forleton hie þa burg 7 foron aweg. Þa æfter þam þæs ilcan sumeres gegadorode micel folc hit on Eadweardes cynges anwalde of þam niehstum burgum þe hit [*]ða gefaran mehte, 7 foron to Tæmeseforda. 7 besæton ða burg. 7 fuhton ðæron oð hi hie abræcon [*] 7 ofslogon þone cyning, 7 Toglos eorl, 7 Mannan eorl his sunu, 7 his broþor, 7 ealle þa þe þærbinnan wæron, 7 hie wergan woldon, 7 namon þa oþre 7 eal þæt þærbinnan wæs. Þa æfter þam þæs forhraþe gegadorode micel folc hit on hærfest, ægþer ge of Cent, ge of Suþrigum, ge of Eastseaxum, ge æghwonan of þam nihstum burgum, 7 foron to Colneceastre, 7 ymbsæton þa burg, 7 þæron fuhton oþ hie þa geeodon, 7 þæt folc eall ofslogon 7 genamon eal þæt þærbinnan wæs, buton þam mannum þe þær oþflugon ofer þone weall. Þa æfter þam þa giet þæs ilcan hærfestes gegadorode micel here hine of Eastenglum ægþer ge þæs landheres ge þara wicinga þe hie him to fultume aspanen hæfdon 7 þohton þæt hie sceoldon gewrecan hira teonun 7 foron to Mældune 7 ymbsæton þa burg 7 fuhton þæron oþ þam burgwarum com mara fultum to utan to helpe, 7 forlet se here þa burg 7 for fram; 7 þa foron þa men æfter ut of þære byrig, 7 eac þa þe him utan comon to fultume, 7 gefliemdon þone here 7 ofslogon hira monig hund, ægþer ge æscmanna ge oþerra. Þa þæs forhraþe þæs ilcan hærfestes for Eadweard cyning mid Westsexna fierde to Passanhamme, 7 sæt þær þa hwile þe mon worhte þa burg æt Tofeceastre mid stanwealle; 7 him cirde to Þurferþ eorl, 7 þa holdas, 7 eal se here þe to Hamtune hierde norþ oþ Weolud, 7 sohton hine him to hlaforde 7 to mundboran; 7 þa se firdstemn for ham, þa for oþer ut, 7 gefor þa burg æt Huntandune, 7 hie gebette 7 geedneowade þær heo ær tobrocen wæs, be Eadweardes cyninges hæse, 7 þæt folc eal þæt þær to lafe wæs þara landleoda beag to Eadwearde cyninge, 7 sohton his friþ 7 his mundbyrde. Þa [n917.8] giet æfter þam þæs ilcan geres foran to Martines mæssan for Eadweard cyning mid Westsexna fierde to Colneceastre, 7 gebette þa burg 7 geedneowade þær heo ær tobrocen wæs, 7 him cirde micel folc to, ægþer ge on Eastenglum, ge on Eastseaxum, þe ær under Dena anwalde wæs; 7 eal se here on Eastenglum him swor annesse, þæt hie eal þæt woldon þæt he wolde, 7 eall þæt friþian woldon þæt se cyng friþian wolde, ægþer ge on sæ, ge on lande; 7 se here þe to Grantanbrycge hierde hine geces synderlice him to hlaforde 7 to mundboran, 7 þæt fæstnodon mid aþum. swa swa he hit þa ared.\n[*]Her on ðysum gere be<tw>eox gangdagum 7 middan sumera for Eadweard cyng mid firde to Steanforda 7 het gewyrcan ða burg on suðhealfe ðære eas, 7 ðæt folc eal ðe to ðære nor[*]þerran byrig hierde him beah to 7 sohtan hine him to hlaforde. 7 þa on þæm setle ðe he þær sæt, þa gefor Æþelflæd his swystar æt Tameworþige .xii. nihtum ær middum sumera; 7 þa gerad he þa burg æt Tameworþige, 7 him cierde to eall se þeodscype on Myrcna lande þe [*]Æþelflæde ær underþeoded wæs; 7 þa cyningas on Norþwealum, Howel, 7 Cledauc, 7 Ieoþwel, 7 eall Norþweallcyn hine sohton him to hlaforde. Þa for he þonan to Snotingaham 7 gefor þa burg, 7 het hie gebetan 7 gesettan, ægþer ge mid Engliscum mannum, ge mid Deniscum; 7 him cierde eall þæt folc to þe on Mercna lande geseten wæs, ægþer ge Denisc ge Englisce [n918.6] .\n[n919.1] Her on þysum geare for Eadweard cyning mid fierde onufan hærfest to Þelwæle, 7 het gewyrcan þa burg, 7 gesettan, 7 gemannian; 7 het oþre fierd eac of Miercna þeode þa hwile þe he þær sæt gefaran Mameceaster on Norþhymbrum, 7 hie gebetan 7 gemannian. hand9a: Her forþferde Plegemund arcebisceop. [n919.2]\n[n920.1] Her on þysum gere foran to middum sumera for Eadweard cyning mid fierde to Snotingaham, 7 het gewyrcan þa burg on suþhealfe þære eas, ongean þa [n920.2] oþre, 7 þa brycge ofer Treontan betwix þam twam burgum; 7 for þa þonan on Peaclond to Badecanwiellon, 7 het gewyrcan ane burg þær on neaweste, 7 gemannian; 7 hine geces þa to fæder 7 to hlaforde Scotta cyning 7 eall Scotta þeod; 7 Rægnald, 7 Eadulfes suna, 7 ealle þa þe on Norþhymbrum bugeaþ, ægþer ge Englisce, ge Denisce, ge Norþmen, ge oþre; 7 eac Stræcledweala cyning, 7 ealle Stræcledwealas. [n920.3]\n[*]Her Eadweard cing forþferde, 7 Æþelstan his sunu feng to rice. hand7: 7 Sancte Dunstan wearð akænned. hand8f: 7 Wulfelm feng to þan arcebiscoprice on Cantuarebyri.\n[n931.1] Her mon hadode Byrnstan bisceop to Wintanceastre .iiii. kalendas IVNII, 7 he heold þridde healf gear bisceopdom.\n[n932.1] Her forþferde Fryþestan bisceop.\n[n933.1] Her for Æþelstan cyning in on Scotland, ægþer ge mid landhere ge mid sciphere, 7 his micel oferhergade; 7 Byrnstan bisceop forþferde on Wintanceastre to Omnium Sanctorum.\n[n934.1] Her feng Ælfeah bisceop to bisceopdome.\n[n937.1] Her Æþelstan cyning, eorla dryhten,\nbeorna beahgifa, 7 his broþor eac,\nEadmund æþeling, ealdorlangne tir\ngeslogon æt sæcce sweorda ecgum\nymbe Brunnanburh [n937.2] . Bordweal clufan,\nheowan heaþolinde hamora lafan,\nafaran Eadweardes, swa him geæþele wæs\nfrom cneomægum, þæt hi æt campe oft\nwiþ laþra gehwæne land ealgodon,\nhord 7 hamas. Hettend crungun,\nSceotta leoda 7 scipflotan\nfæge feollan, feld dænnede [n937.3]\nsecgas hwate, siðþan sunne up\non morgentid, mære tungol,\nglad ofer grundas, godes condel beorht,\neces Drihtnes, oð sio æþele gesceaft\nsah to setle. þær læg secg mænig\ngarum ageted, guma norþerna\nofer scild scoten, swilce Scittisc eac,\nwerig, wiges sæd. Wesseaxe forð\non last legdun laþum þeodum,\nmecum mylenscearpan. Myrce ne wyrndon\nheeardes hondplegan hæleþa nanum\nþæ mid Anlafe ofer æra gebland\non lides bosme land gesohtun,\nfæge to gefeohte. Fife lægun\non þam campstede cyninges giunge,\nsweordum aswefede, swilce seofene eac\neorlas Anlafes, unrim heriges,\nflotan 7 Sceotta. þær geflemed wearð\nNorðmanna bregu, nede gebeded,\nto lides stefne litle weorode;\ncread cnear on [n937.4] flot, cyning ut gewat\non fealene flod, feorh generede.\nSwilce þær eac se froda mid fleame com\non his cyþþe norð, Costontinus,\nhar hildering, hreman ne þorfte\nmæcan gemanan; he wæs his mæga sceard,\nfreonda gefylled on folcstede,\nbeslagen æt sæcce, 7 his sunu forlet\non wælstowe wundun fergrunden,\ngiungne æt guðe. Gelpan ne þorfte\nbeorn blandenfeax bilgeslehtes,\neald inwidda, ne Anlaf þy ma;\nmid heora herelafum hlehhan ne þorftun\nþæt heo beaduweorca beteran wurdun\non campstede culbodgehnadtes [n937.5] ,\ngarmittinge, gumena gemotes,\nwæpengewrixles, þæs hi on wælfelda\nwiþ Eadweardes afaran plegodan.\nGewitan him þa Norþmen [n937.6] nægledcnearrum,\ndreorig daraða laf, on Dinges mere\nofer deop wæter Difelin secan,\n7 eft Hiraland, æwiscmode.\nSwilce þa gebroþer [n937.7] begen ætsamne,\ncyning 7 æþeling, cyþþe sohton,\nWesseaxena land, wiges hremige [n937.8] .\nLetan him behindan hræw [n937.9] bryttian\nsaluwigpadan, þone sweartan hræfn,\nhyrnednebban, 7 þane hasewanpadan,\nearn æftan hwit, æses brucan,\ngrædigne guðhafoc 7 þæt græge deor,\nwulf on wealde. Ne wearð wæl mare\non þis eiglande æfer gieta\nfolces gefylled beforan þissum\nsweordes ecgum, þæs þe us secgað bec,\nealde uðwitan, siþþan eastan hider\nEngle 7 Seaxe up becoman,\nofer brad brimu Brytene sohtan,\nwlance wigsmiþas, Weealas ofercoman,\neorlas arhwate eard begeatan.\nHer Æþelstan cyning forðferde on .vi. [n940.1] kalendas Nouembris ymbe .xl. wintra butan anre niht þæs þe Ælfred cyning forþferde, 7 Eadmund æþeling feng to rice 7 he wæs þa .xviii. wintre. 7 Æþelstan cyning rixade .xiiii. gear 7 .x. wucan. hand8g: Þa was Wulfelm arcebiscop on Cantwarebyri.\nHer Eadmund cyning, Engla þeoden,\nmaga mundbora, Myrce geeode,\ndyre dædfruma, swa Dor scadeþ,\nHwitanwylles geat 7 Humbra ea,\nbrada brimstream. Burga fife,\nLigoraceaster 7 Lindcylene [n942.1]\n7 Snotingaham, swylce Stanford\neac Deoraby. Dæne wæran æror\nunder Norðmannum nyde gebegde\non hæþenra hæfteclommum\nlange þraga, oþ hie alysde eft\nfor his weorþscipe wiggendra hleo,\nafera Eadweardes, Eadmund cyning.\nEadmund cyning onfeng Anlafe cyninge æt fulluhte 7 þy ylecan geare ymb tela micel fæc he onfeng Rægenolde cyninge æt bisceopes handa. hand7: [n942.2] Her Eadmund cing Sancte Dunstane Glæstingeberig betæhte ðær he syððan ærest abbud wearð.\nHer Eadmund cyning geeode eal Norþhymbra land to him gewealdan 7 aflymde ut twegen cyningas, Anlaf Syhtrices sunu 7 Rægenald Guðferþes sunu. [n944.1]\nHer Eadmund cyning oferhergode eal Cumbra land 7 hit let to eal Malculme Scotta cyninge on þæt gerad þæt he wære his midwyrhta ægþer ge on sæ ge on lande. [n945.1]\nHer Eadmund cyning forðferde on Sanctes Agustinus mæssedæge, 7 he hæfde rice seofoþe healf gear. 7 þa feng Eadred æþeling his broþor to rice 7 gerad eal Norþhymbra land him to gewealde, 7 Scottas him aþas sealdan, þæt hie woldan eal þæt he wolde. [n946.1]\nhand3a: Her forðferde Ælfheah Wintanceastres bisceop on Sancte Gregories mæssedæg.\nHer forþferde Eadred cining on Sancte Clementes mæssedæg on Frome, 7 he rixsade teoþe healf gear, 7 þa feng Eadwig to rice, Eadmundes sunu cinges hand7: 7 aflæmde Sancte Dunstan ut of lande.\n[*] Her forðferde Eadwig cyng on kalendas Octobris, 7 Eadgar his broðor feng to rice.\nhand7: Her he sænte [n959.1] efter Sancte Dunstane 7 gæf him þæt bisceoprice on Wigracæstre 7 ðæræfter þæt bisceoprice on Lundene.\nhand7: Her gewat Odo arcebisceop 7 Sancte Dunstan feng to arcebisceoprice.\nHer forðferde Ælfgar cinges mæg on Defenum, 7 his lic rest on Wiltune. 7 Sigferð cyning hine offeoll, 7 his lic ligð æt Wimburnan. 7 þa on geare wæs swiðe micel mancwealm, 7 se micela manbryne wæs on Lundene, 7 Paules mynster forbarn 7 þy ilcan geare wearð eft gestaþelad. On þys ilcan geare for Aþelmod mæssepreost to Rome, 7 þær forðferde .xviii. Kalendæ Septembris.\nHer forðferde Wulfstan diacon on Cilda mæssedæge, 7 æfter þon forðferde Gyric mæssepreost. On [n963.1] þys ilcan geare feng Aþelwold abbod to þæm bisceoprice to Wintanceastre. 7 hine mon gehalgode in uigilia [n963.2] Sancti Andree. wæs sunnandæg on dæg.\nHer [n964.1] dræfde Eadgar cyng þa preostas on Ceastre of Ealdanmynstre 7 of Niwanmynstre 7 of Ceortesige 7 of Middeltune 7 sette hy mid munecan; 7 he sette Æþelgar abbod to Niwanmynstre to abbode 7 Ordbirht to Ceortesige 7 Cyneweard to Middeltune.\nHer [n971.1] forþferde Eadmund æþeling. 7 his lic liþ æt Rumesige.\n[*] Her Eadgar wæs, Engla waldend,\ncorðre micelre to cyninge gehalgod\non ðære ealdan byrig, Acemannesceastre;\neac hi igbuend oðre worde\nbeornas Baðan [n973.2] nemnaþ. þær wæs blis micel\non þam eadgan dæge eallum geworden,\nþon(n)e niða bearn nemnað 7 cigað\nPentecostenes dæg. þær wæs preosta heap,\nmicel muneca ðreat, mine gefrege,\ngleawra gegaderod. 7 ða agangen wæs\ntyn hund wintra geteled rimes\nfram gebyrdtide bremes cyninges,\nleohta hyrdes, buton ðær to lafe þa gen [n973.3]\nwæs wintergeteles, þæs ðe gewritu secgað,\nseofon 7 twentig; swa neah wæs sigora frean\nðusend aurnen, ða þa ðis gelamp.\n7 him Eadmundes eafora hæfde\nnigon 7 .xx., niðweorca heard,\nwintra on worulde, <þa> [n973.4] þis geworden wæs,\n7 þa on ðam .xxx. wæs ðeoden gehalgod.\nHer geendode eorðan dreamas\nEadgar, Engla cyning, ceas him oðer leoht,\nwlitig 7 wynsum, 7 þis wace forlet,\nlif þis læne. Nemnað leoda bearn,\nmen on moldan, þæne monað gehwær\nin ðisse eðeltyrf, þa þe ær wæran\non rimcræfte rihte getogene,\nIulius monoð, þæt se geonga gewat\non þone eahteðan dæg Eadgar of life,\nbeorna beahgyfa. 7 [n975.1] feng his bearn syððan\nto cynerice, cild unweaxen [n975.2] ,\neorla ealdor, þam wæs Eadweard nama [n975.3] .\n7 him tirfæst hæleð tyn nihtum ær\nof Brytene gewat, bisceop se goda,\nþurh gecyndne cræft, ðam wæs Cyneweard nama.\nÐa wæs on Myrceon, mine gefræge,\nwide 7 welhwær waldendes lof\nafylled on foldan. Fela wearð todræfed\ngleawra Godes ðeowa; þæt wæs gnornung micel\nþam þe on breostum wæg byrnende lufan\nmetodes on mode. þa wæs mærða Fruma\nto swiðe forsewen, sigora waldend,\nrodera Rædend, þa man his riht tobræc.\n7 þa wearð eac adræfed deormod hæleð,\nOslac, of earde ofer yða gewealc,\nofer ganotes bæð, gamolfeax hæleð,\nwis 7 wordsnotor, ofer wætera geðring,\nofer hwæles eðel, hama bereafod.\n7 þa wearð ætywed uppe on roderum\nsteorra on staðole, þone stiðferhþe,\nhæleð higegleawe, hatað wide\ncometa be naman, cræftgleawe men,\nwise soðboran. Wæs geond werðeode\nWaldendes wracu wide gefrege,\nhungor ofer hrusan; þæt eft heofona Weard\ngebette, Brego engla, geaf eft blisse gehwæm\negbuendra þurh eorðan westm.\nHer wearð Eadweard cyning ofslegen. On þis ylcan feng Æðelred æðeling his broðor to rice.\nHer forðferde Ælfhere ealdorman.\nHer forðferde se wellwillenda bisceop Aðelwold, 7 seo halgung þæs æfterfilgendan bisceopes Ælfheages, se ðe oðran naman wæs geciged Godwine. wæs [n984.1] .xiiii. kalendæ Nouembris 7 he gesæt þone bisceopstol an þara twegra apostola dæge Simonis 7 Iudæ. on Wintanceastre.\nhand7: Hoc anno obiit sanctus Dunstanus archiepiscopus. [n988.1]\nHer on ðissum geare com Unlaf mid þrim 7 hund nigontigon scipum to Stane 7 forhergedon þæt onytan 7 for ða ðanon to Sandwic 7 swa ðanon to Gipeswic 7 þæt eall ofereode 7 swa to Mældune; 7 him ðær com togeanes Byrhtnoð ealdorman mid his fyrde 7 him wið gefeaht, 7 hy þone ealdorman þær ofslogon, 7 wælstowe geweald ahtan. 7 [n993.1] him man nam syððan [n993.2] frið wið, 7 hine nam se cing syððan to bisceopes handa. hand7a: ðurh Sirices lare Cantware bisc<eo>pes [n993.3] , 7 Ælfeages Wincæstre biscop.\nHer forðferde Sigeric arcebisceop. 7 feng Ælfric Wiltunscire bisceop to ðam arcebisceoprice.\nHer on ðysum geare wæs micel unfrið on Angelcynnes londe þurh sciphere, 7 welgehwær hergedon 7 bær<n>don, swa þæt hy upp asetton on ænne siþ þæt hy coman to Æþelingadene, 7 þa com þær togeanes Hamtunscir 7 him wið gefuhton; 7 ðær wearð Æþelweard cinges heahgerefa ofslegen 7 Leofric æt Hwitciricean 7 Leofwine cinges heahgerefa 7 Wulfhere bisceopes ðegn 7 Godwine æt Worðige, Ælfsiges bisceopes sunu, 7 ealra manna an 7 hund eahtatig; 7 þær wearð þara Denescra micle ma ofslegenra, þeah ðe hie wælstowe geweald ahtan. 7 foran ða þanon west oþ þæt hy coman to Defenan, 7 him þær togeanes com Pallig mid þan scipan ðe he gegaderian mihte, forþam þe he asceacen wæs fram Æðelrede cyncge ofer ealle ða getrywða ðe he him geseald hæfde, 7 eac se cyng him wel gegifod hæfde on hamon, 7 on golde 7 seolfre. 7 forbærndon Tegntun, 7 eac fela oðra godra hama þe we genemnan ne cunnan, 7 heom man syððan þær frið wið nam. 7 hy foran þa þanon to Exan muðan, swa þæt hy asettan him upp on ænne sið oð hy coman to Peonho, 7 þær wæs Kola ðæs cyninges heahgerefa, 7 Eadsige þæs cynincges gerefa togeanes him mid ðære fyrde ðe hy gegaderian mihtan, 7 hy ðær aflymede wurdon, 7 ðær wearð fela ofslegenra, 7 ða Denescean ahtan wælstowe geweald, 7 ðæs on mergen forbærndon þone ham æt Peonho 7 æt Glistune [n1001.1] , 7 eac fela godra hama þe we genemnan na cunnan, 7 foran ða eft east ongean oð hy coman to Wiht, 7 þæs on mergen forbærndon ðone ham æt Wealtham 7 oðra cotlifa fela. hand5b: 7 hiom man raþe þæs wið þingode, 7 hy namon frið.\n[*] Her Ælfricus arcebiscop forðferde.\nHer mann halgode Ælfehg to arcebiscope.\nHer Cnut wearð ge coran to kinge.\nHer com Cnut agean to Engla lande. Sona swa he becom to Engla lande, he geaf into Cristes cyrican on Cantwarebyri þa hæfenan on Sandwic 7 ealla þa gerihta þe þarof arisaþ of æiðre healfe ðare hæfene, swa þæt loc whenne þæt flot byþ ealra hehst 7 ealra fullost beo an scip flotigende swa neh þan lande swa hit nyxt mæge 7 þar beo an mann stande on þan scipe 7 habbe ane taper æx on his [n1031.1] handa afwyrpe up swa feorr on þæt land of swiðre healfe swa he swiþost mæge. Swa feorr begað þa munekas Cristes cyrican þa gerihta þe þarof cumað. Ne nan mann nah þarof nanes es þing eon þa ða heora ofer bates þæt eall of þam ber 7 of ea þ cumað uðe.\nhand10: Cnut obiit.\nhand10: Hic obiit Æþelnor archebiscop.\nHer Eadsige arcebiscop for to Rome. 7 Harold cing (king) forðferde.\nHer forðferde Harðacnut king.\nHer wæs Eduuard gehalgod to kinge.\nHer forðferde Eadsige arcebiscop, 7 Rodbert feng to arcebiscoprice.\nHer Goduuine eorl forðferde.\nHer forðferde Eaduuard king, 7 Harold eorl feng to ðam rice 7 heold hit .xl. wucena 7 ænne dæg, 7 her com Willelm 7 gewann Ængla land. 7 her on ðison geare barn Cristes cyrice. hand11: 7 her atiwede cometa .xiiii. kalendas MAI.\nHer Landfranc se þe wæs abbod an Kadum com to Ængla lande, se efter feawum dagum wearð arcebiscop on Kantwareberig. He wæs gehaded .iiii. kalendas Septembris on his agenum bisc<o>psetle fram eahte biscopum his underðioddum; ða oþre ðe þær næron þurh ærendrakan 7 þurh gewrite atiwdon hwi hi ðær beon ne mihton. On þam geare THOMAS se wæs gecoran bisc<o>p to Eferwic com to Cantwareberig þæt man hine ðær gehadede efter þan ealdan gewunan. Ða ða Landfranc crafede fæstnunge his gehersumnesse mid aðswerunge. [*]þa forsoc he 7 sæde þæt he hit nahte to donne. Þa gewraðede hine se arcebiscop Landfranc 7 bebead þam biscopan ðe þar cumene wæran be ðas arcebiscop Landfrances hæse þa serfise to donde, 7 eallan þan munecan, þæt hi scoldan hi unscrydan. 7 hi be his hæse swa didan. Swa Thomas to þam timan agean ferde buton bletsunga. Þa sona æfter þysan belamp þæt se arcebiscop LANDFRANC ferde to Rome 7 Thomas forð mid. Þa þa hi þyder comon 7 umbe oþer þing gesprecon hæfdon umbe þæt hi sprecan woldon. Þa angan Thomas his spæce hu he com to Cantuuarebyri, 7 hu se arcebiscop axode hyrsumnesse mid aþswerunge at him, 7 he hit forsoc. Þa agann se arcebiscop Landfranc atywian mid openum gesceade þæt he mid rihte crafede þas þa he crafede 7 mid strangan cwydan þæt ylce gefæstnode toforan þam papan Alexandre 7 toforan eallan þam concilium þe þar gegadered was 7 swa ham foran. Æfter þysan com Thomas to Cantwarebyri 7 eal þæt se arcebiscop at him crafede eadmedlice gefylde 7 syþþan þa bletsungan underfeng.\n*G syx 7 syxti\nFrom comparison with *G, the alteration to A must have occurred after G was copied and was presumably made by Scribe 8. As all recensions, except E, agree on the length of Octauianus's reign, I suggest that the reading in E is faulty.\n.xlii. is the better reading for the year of Christ's birth.\nWritten on the previous line (1v5).\nErased, and 7 inserted over the erasure, probably by Scribe 8, bringing it in line with √E which combines annals 2 and 3 (as seen in E).\nWritten on the previous line (1v7).\nWritten on the previous line (1va15).\nProbably added by Scribe 8.\nAltered by erasure of the ascender of the þ to feowericum.\nBC Petrus se apostol\nDE apostol Petrus\nErased in "A".\nThe annal number has been altered to 45, and a new annal number 44 inserted on the line above in another hand (8?).\nThe annal number has been altered to 46.\nThe annal number has been altered to 47. The original annal number 47 has been erased from the top of folio 2r.\n-wode is above, on the previous line.\n-wodon is above, on the previous line.\nE, *G Uespasianus\nThe word þusenda has been split across two lines with -senda immediately below þu-, even though there would have been ample room to put the whole word on 2ra27.\n-dyde has been written above ge-, on the previous line.\nThe annal number has been altered to "84" in another hand and annal numbers Anno .lxxxv. and Anno .lxxxvi. added below, possibly in Hand 8.\nBately states that an annal number for "83" is added beneath this. She also does not include the annal number "83" at the bottom of the first column.\nAnno .lxxxiivii. The annal number has been changed to 87 by connecting the first two letter i to form a u.\nThe annal has been erased. Bately sees four lines of erasure but there is only a gap of two lines before the next annal number.\nThe annal number Anno .xcui. has been written in another hand between this annal number and the annal number for AD 96.\n-re hine gereste in Epheso is written on line 2rb21, above the rests of the annal, rather than on 2r24/5 where it would collide with an addition for AD 101, also by Scribe 8. Presumably the scribe made the addition for AD 101 first and later the addition for AD 99.\nChanged to him wærþ tiþod by Scribe 8.\nThere is a large cross inserted to the left of the annal number.\nMid-dots have been inserted above the line in the annal numbers for 305 to 309.\nThe annal number Anno cccc.viiii. has clearly got an additional "c".\nThe annal numbers for 330 to 339 are missing.\nThis annal has been annotated with sic etiam in historia saxonica Petroburg by Joscelyn\nChanged to Galwalas by Scribe 8.\nThere is a signe de renvoi of three dots after this annal number. The corresonding text is on the same line in the second column.\nThis text was added in the second column on line 4v6 and is joined by a signe de renvoi to the annal number in the first column. It has also been annotated with sic etiam in historia saxonica Petroburg by Joscelyn\nGlossed with uel Patricius by Scribe 8, and Joscelyn has annotated this line (in the blank second column) with in saxonica histor. Petroburg. est Patricius non Paladius.\nGlossed with to bodianne scottum fulluht by Joscelyn.\nsendon has been glossed with ferdon ofer sæ by Joscelyn.\nGlossed with ætilan in lib. Petroburg by Joscelyn.\nChanged to Martianus in another hand, probably Scribe 8.\nThis annal number has been added between the lines to correct the sequence.\n*G Æfter wæs þæt lond\nE þan wæs þæt land\nChanged to Æfter þan þæt lond wearð in another hand, probably Scribe 8.\nE 7 Stuf\n7 in another hand.\nfea altered to feala in another hand, probably Scribe 8.\nAltered to Wihtgaræsbyrg in another hand, probably Scribe 8.\n*G Wihte ealond\nE eall Wihtland\nChanged to eall Wiht ealandby Scribe 8.\nChanged to Iulii by erasure of all but the first minim of us, probably by Scribe 8.\nChanged to ætiewdon, probably by Scribe 8.\nBately suggests that the annal for 552 might stand on an erasure.\nThe erasure is unreadable; current reading based on *G.\nFrom this point, the rest of the annal for 565 is written over the erased pedigree for 560 above.\nAltered to Lygeanbirg by erasure of all but the first minim of u.\nAltered by erasure to Ægelesbirg.\nAltered to Bænesington, probably by Scribe 8.\nAltered to geforþferde by the addition of þferde, in a later hand.\nThis has been inked over, possibly by Scribe 8. The u (of gecueden) has been modifed to a wynn and -en Deorham appears just to have been re-inked.\nThe final o of ceastro has been modifed to an a.\nPossibly by Scribe 8.\n*G, BC .v.\nOriginal reading .v. changed to .vi. in a later hand.\nThe part of the annal starting "cynge æt Dæstane" is written in below the annal for 597 with ð used as the signe de renvoi.\nSecond e erased to form EastSaxum.\ne erased to form ðon.\nThe part of the annal starting "seo ys .xxiiii." is written in the upper mg with +φ used as the signe de renvoi.\n-loh written in a modern hand over an erasure.\nsloh was written twice (at the end of one line and the start of the next). The first of these has been erased.\nOriginal entry modified to .lxv. by erasure, only initial x now visible.\nThe æ is written above an underpointed e.\nThe rest of the annal is written at the bottom of the page, joined by signes de renvoi.\nThis is followed an erasure. Bately sees "to" followed by a form of the place-name Rochester.\nThis is written over an erasure in a rounder hand.\nOriginal reading biscepdome changed to biscepdomes by the addition of s in another hand.\nThe scribe erroneously wrote ee by conventionally abbreviating ge and also providing the e.\nThe construction geheargian oþ + Name is normal in the chronicle but geheargian on + Name is seen in the OE Orosius.\nThis word is abraded, possibly deliberately (but poorly) erased.\nThis should read Þeodorius, but the i may have been erased as there appears to be a one minim gap.\nLutz sees -branne standing on an erasure; Bately doesn't. It is not apparent from the facsimile which of these is correct.\nLutz considers this entry to be in a later hand; Bately doesn't.\nA cross has been inserted above the line between these two words.\nCristes has been inserted above the line, over underlined iustes. David Dumville suggests iustes may be a misreading of ristes + space for a rubricated C.\nThis material is also in *G.\nThere is a macron over the m.\nThis material is also in *G\nThis material stands on abraded parchment. David Dumville suggests that the scribe made a saut au même du même error with the succeeding on rhyt.\nTouched up by another scribe.\nTouched up by another scribe. The scribe has written -h over the original -g of Cuþburg. The descender of the original -g is just visible.\nGefeaht is split across folios 9r and 9v and the scribe has accidentally repeated the ge.\nThe scribe appear to have originally written ccn and subsequently modified the second c to a y.\nThe is a hole in the manuscript here, followed by þred, the first letter of which is damaged and underpointed. Cuþ has been added above the hole, Lutz suggests that this addition may be in hand 1; Bately disagrees.\nDavid Dumville suggests that this stands on an erasure. There is space for, perhaps, two additional letters.\nThis word has been heavily reinked.\nThis is followed by the sign usually used to signify the end of an annal.\nInserted over a hole in the manuscript in a modern hand, possibly that of Abraham Wheloc.\nThis has been modified to ryhtfæderen cyn by the addition of -en in another hand which Lutz suggests may be that of Scribe 3.\nPlummer suggested that the interlinear þ was in another hand. Bately and Lutz disagree, and see this as the work of Scribe 1.\nWritten as .dcclviii. , with the last minim interlined above the previous. This has been done to avoid intrusion into the column for annal material. Several other annal numbers on this folio follow this practise.\nWritten as .dcclviiii. , with the last two minim interlined above the previous. This has been done to avoid intrusion into the column for annal material. Several other annal numbers on this folio follow this practise.\nIt is not certain whether cinges (inserted inter-linearly) was intended as part of the text or as a gloss.\nThe I formed by erasure from an E; *G has Anbryht; DE have Ianbryht; BC have Eadbriht.\nThis is followed by an erasure only partly readable which Bately interprets as: he wæs . . . sunu[?] cantwara[?] cinges . . . sunu cinges.\nThe interlined n is in another hand.\nFollowed by an erasure with room for perhaps 7 or 8 letters.\nAltered from either an a or a u.\nThe correct name is Feologild.\nFrom the facsimile, it looks like this stands on an erasure.\nA cross has been drawn in the left mg by this word.\nThe H has been touched with colour.\nThis is written over the mark that this scribe normally used to indicate the end of an annal.\nThe erased text in Hand 1a that follows corresponds to annal 851 7 þy ... gefliemdon which similarly follows sige namon.\nPossibly in another 10th century hand, though the whole word may stand on a erasure.\nInserted at the top of folio 13r (in a hand similar to that of Scribe 2 of the "Laws") perhaps as an alternative to the będ that has been inserted above the line at the start of the annal.\nThe manuscript reads send-e with the final e in another hand. Bately suggests that this may be because the emending scribe failed to recognise Scribe 1's use of d- for de.\nThe line that starts here has been surrounded with large red crosses in both mgs. This was probably the work of the Frithestan Annotator.\nThis should read of.\nOriginally Cuþa. The a has been erased and wine inserted above a ":".\nThis should read Frealafing.\nThis word is followed by the sign normally used to indicate the end of an annal.\nThe n may be an r with a short or erased descender.\nThis is followed by an erasure of approximately 23 letters. Bately sees the erasure as starting 7 æþelw.l. ..?.\nThis is on an erasure and is also followed by erased material that Bately sees starting 7 wið þone he. . . . uns.ire. This material appears to correspond with the text that immediately follows.\nBC friþ wiþ\nDE wið frið\nIn another hand.\nA small circled cross has been inserted above the line, in the between this and the previous annal.\nA large circled cross has been inserted in the left mg next to this line. These circled crosses were the work of the Circle and Cross Annotator.\nThere is a large circled cross annotation in the mg next to this annal. These circled crosses were the work of the Circle and Cross Annotator.\nThere is a small cross interlined above this word.\nA new paragraph begins here in the manuscript. The first letter of this is large and decorated. There is also a large circled cross annotation in the mg next to this annal. These circled crosses were the work of the Circle and Cross Annotator.\nA comma has been inserted below the line to indicate the word-break that should follow this letter.\nOrignially eft, emended to oft by inserting a colon below the line and an o above the line.\nThe a may be a correction: there is evidence of scraping.\n*G micel þæs folces 7\nBCDE 7 micel þæs folces\nA small circled cross is in the left mg adjacent to this line. These circled crosses were the work of the Circle and Cross Annotator.\nMS originally read cō with man added in another hand.\nDE*G þær þa wearþ\nBC þær wearþ\nAdded in another hand (possibly 2c).\nða stands on an erasure in another hand.\nAn error for Sture.\nA comma has been inserted under the line to indicate the word break.\nThis is one of a number of errors of number made by Scribe 1. This should probably read he. See Bately, cix.\nThis stands on an erasure.\nThere is a gap between the letters ri where there may be an erasure with room for perhaps one letter.\nThere is a large circled cross in the left mg between this annal and that for 888. These circled crosses were the work of the Circle and Cross Annotator.\nThe manuscript originally read Ęþered. Another hand has modified this to a large Æ and inserted an l above the line to make Æþelred.\nThe annal number was written as dccclxviiii, with the final two minims above the previous two. This has been done to avoid intruding into the column for the annal text. Scribe 1 also followed this practise in the entries for 758, 769 and 774.\nThe interlined n is probably in another hand. Lutz suggests that this may be that of her Scribe 2 - Bately's Scribe 2a. Bately sees multiple hands (2a through 2f) for Lutz's Scribe 2.\nThis annal number is the last thing written by in Hand 1. The remaining three lines of folio 16r have been left blank. This annal number caused a later scribe to erroneously add one to the entries between 892 and 940, obviously thinking that the first entry on folio 16v was for 892, and that the duplicated annal number 892 that followed should be 893.\nThe annal number has been changed to 893 in another hand. R. Talbotus in suo Itinerario transfert hec verba in Latinum has been added below this annal number in the left mg by the 16th century "Talbot annotator".\nThe manuscript reads bunāan. Bunnan *G[W]; Bunan *G[N]; Bunan BCD.\nPerhaps altered from þæt by erasure.\nThe annal number has been changed to 894 in another hand.\nLutz suggests that this has been altered to on. Bately disagrees and I see no evidence of alteration from the facsimile.\nThis may stand on an erasure.\nThe -ci- stands on a heavy erasure.\nThere may be an erasure after norþ-.\nThis was originally written hæsde, and the s has been modified to an f by the addition of a horizontal stroke to the descender.\nThe initial o- stands on damaged parchement, possibly the result of an erasure.\nThis word starts on folio 17r where the scribe has written ge-, the whole word is repeated at the top of 17v, producing (ge)geworct . The t may be in a different hand. geworct *G.\nThe e's in -ete- have been inked over, or are on an erasure.\nThis was originally wæst, and wes has been inserted above the line before the t.\nThe -as has been added above the line in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 895 in another hand. The layout changes here: the annal number is centered on the page between this and the previous annal. This layout is used until 897.\nThis is written with a capital N inside a large capital O.\nThe annal number has been changed to 896 in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 897 in another hand.\nThe u in Suð- is so misshapen that it is impossible to tell what the scribe intended.\nThe may be an erasure following lang-.\nThe manuscript originally read ascutan, and an f has been added above the t in another hand. Also, the -an may have been modified from -on and the n has been re-inked. ascufon *G.\nThe annal number has been changed to 898 in another hand. The layout reverts here to using mgal annal numbers.\nThe annal number has been changed to 901 in another hand.\nThere is a large circled cross in the left mg here. This was the work of the Circle and Cross Annotator.\nThere is a small cross above the space preceding Eadweard.\nin lib. Petroberg. 28 annis et dc has been added in the right mg by an Early Modern scribe, writing at the end of the sixteenth or the start of the seventeenth century. See Bately, Introduction xlvi.\n*G reads he ; the MS has oð he inserted in another hand over an erasure.\nThe annal number has been changed to 903 in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 904 in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 905 in another hand.\nMS Brodene. The o has been altered to a in another hand.\nThe second e is underpointed.\nThe annal number has been changed to 906 in another hand.\nse has been interlined in an early modern hand, possibly that of William L'isle, above the line after this word.\nThe annal number has been changed to 909 in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 910 in another hand.\nThe first two words of the line are enclosed on three sides by thick ink lines and a large, oxidised red cross has been inserted below the annal number. A smaller cross has been insterted above the name Friðestan. This was the work of the Frithestan Annotator.\nThe annal number has been changed to 911 in another hand.\nThe final a is only partly visible due to a split in the parchement.\nThis word follows an erasure of two letters with long descenders (which are still visible).\nThe annal number has been changed to 912 in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 913 in another hand. The three annal numbers below are also in Hand 2b and have been modified to read 914, 915 and 916 in another hand.\nThis word has been re-inked, probably when the blank annal for 914 was changed to 915.\nFollowed by an erasure, for which Bately suggests the reading 7 þa æfter þam.\nThe annal number has been changed to 916 and then to 917 in other hands.\nThe annal number has been changed to 917 and then to 918 in other hands.\nBately suggests that the s may be in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 918 and then to 919 in other hands.\nThe a probably stands on an erasure.\nThe annal number has been changed to 919 and then to 920 in other hands.\nThe annal number has been changed to 920 and then to 921 in other hands.\nParkes considers this to be in another hand.\nThe -it have been heavily re-inked and may be on an erasure.\nCrossed out, presumably meant for deletion.\nIn Hand 2d.\nPlummer and Lutz see traces of erasure between these lines.\nLutz suggests that this was originally written wæs and altered to read þæs. Bately disagrees.\nThere is an "X" in the margin following this word.\nThe f- has not been crossed and looks like an s.\nThe annal number has been changed to 921 and then to 922 in other hands.\nThe final -e is in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 922 and then to 923 in other hands.\nPlegemund died in 923, the final, altered year for this annal.\nThe annal number has been changed to 923 and then to 924 in other hands.\nAltered from -o to -a.\nThe remaining half of the page has been left blank.\nThe annal number has been changed to 925 in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 932 in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 933 in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 934 in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 935 in another hand.\nThe annal number has been changed to 938 in another hand.\nThere is a blank, ruled line after this.\nGlossed above the line with uel cum bell.\nLutz sees this as Hand 3, Campbell and Bately disagree.\nFollowed by an erasure of perhaps six letters.\nModified from hramige by the addition of an underpoint beneath the -a- and an e above the line.\nProbably in another hand.\nFirst altered to .xli. and then back to .xl. by erasure. *G .xli.\nWritten over an erased -e- or -o-. *G Lindclyne.\nReading from *G.\nThe word arcebisceop written above the line on the previous erasure.\nFollowed by an erasure to the end of the line.\nThe words Her forðferde Wal.mbsa are written in the left margin but have been largely erased. These words could apply to either 945 or 946.\nFollowed by an erasure of about two and a half lines. Bately sees .dcc. man h?, g 7 he, . . . lde. From the facsimile I can't see .dcc. man h? but the rest is visible and the erasure looks as if it should be recoverable. The words Her forðferde Buniget b. . . are written in the left margin (but largely erased) adjacent to the annal number for 948. or 949\nThe manuscript originally read sæcte.\nThis word starts a new paragraph. Three Parkerian red crayon arcs link the three lines from here to the end of this annal.\nThis starts in capitals and is in a larger script than the rest of the annal. MS IN Uigilia.\nDumville sees a change of hand at this word, however Bately disagrees. The simplest explanation for this folio (28r) seems to me that Scribe 4 wrote the entire page sometime in the late 960's. After he had completed the annal for 964 he knew there were no annals for 965, 966 or 967 and entered these in the left margin beside the annal for 964 to conserve space. He then entered the annal number for 968 at the top of the next folio. It seems to me that this would have occured at the time of writing the annal for 964 as it would seem unlikely that the same scribe would revisit the Chronicle merely to enter a few blank annal numbers. Dumville's notion that he did this in 968, before it was known whether there would be an entry for that year, is very attractive.\nRestored using Bately's reading from G, G[N] and G[W}. This entry is probably in Hand 5 (or Hand 5a/b).\nAn o has been insterted above the second -a- (not underpointed). MS *G Baðon\nMS þa agan; BC þa get. A is closer to the probable þa gen.\nIn BC but missing from A and *G.\nProbably a later addition, in a larger than usual script. The horizontal stroke is above the line with the vertical stroke descending into what would be a wider than normal word division.\nOriginally unweaxene with the final -e erased some time before *G was copied. *G unweaxen.\nInserted above the line, possibly in another hand, but inefficiently erased.\nIn the left margin in the minute script of Scribe 7.\nAn end of annal symbol has been partly erased and then reused to form 7. This is followed by additional material.\nThe annal continues in the left margin from this word.\nPartly re-inked and possibly on an erasure.\nA note in the right hand margin next to this addition reads haec sequentia non reperiuntur in Cott . This is in a hand very similar to that of Archbishop James Ussher.\nThe following six lines have been erased but have been restored according to a transcript by Professor Page as published in Bately. Only the more dubious readings have been marked as erased.\nWritten over an erased annal number for 1071.\nAltered to -an from -en.\nThe remainder of this annal is in Hand 10 and does not follow the ruling on fos. 31v and 32r.\nWritten over an erased annal number.\nPreceded by an erased annal number.\nCopyright © 1996-2007, Tony Jebson <tony@jebbo.co.uk>, all rights reserved. Last modified 15 August 2007.