Q=15	C=11	SS=8	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=6	G0=69	G1=22	G2=8	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Tiɣjedt n Mass SUGAN | Idles Magazine\nHome / Addar / Sya d sya / Tiɣjedt n Mass SUGAN\n— January 24, 2019 0 84\nUr djin immir Mass Sugan aked tɣeṭṭen-nnes. Ar tent aha izella s yat tmamkt ; da ttebbint tagatut, g yat tifawt iɣudan, amẓent abrid ɣer adrar . Dinnaɣ da tent-ittetta wuccen. La tayri n Mass-nnsent Sugan, la tawda seg wuccen, awdḥaḥ ur tent-yujji ad qqiment. Waqila d tiɣeṭṭen timzurag , ttexsent azwu igguten akkw d tlelli.\nAnebɣas n Mass Sugan ur ittakzen ma ay d ran imudar nnes, innuɣjef wul-nnes, ar ittini : tameggarut aya, tiɣeṭṭen ur ttennument ɣuri, awdyat imlen ad iqqim.\nMaka, ur akkw yudir i usirem. Kudenna izla sḍist n tɣeṭṭen s yat tɣarast, isɣa tis sat, xes tikkelt-ad yiwi-d yat tɣejdt tsul tmeẓẓik kigan, af ad tennemyir ad ɣurs teqqim.\nAyayd tẓil tɣejdt n Mass Sugan, tẓil s tiṭṭawin -nnes iɣudan, tamart-nnes irwasen tin userdas , tiḥnecikkar-nnes tiẓeṭṭafin seflilliyenin, tiskawin-nnes tiferqacin … Inẓaḍen-nnes iɣezzafen umlilen amzun telsa aṛṛuḍ amellal. Tleggwaɣ g usself, addag da tettẓẓeg, terṣa, ur tettegg taballaḍt g wakus : yat tɣejdt, unna tt-iẓṛan, tekcem-as ul.\nIla Mass Sugan, deffir n taddart-nnes, yat tsetturt ittey-as udmam. Dinnaɣ a g isers tanbgiwt-nnes tamaynut. Iqqen-tt g tagust ammas n tuga iɛlulan, iseɣzif-as taweryit ad taf ad teddu s dinna tra. Seg wakud ar wayḍ, yagg-nn ar ɣurs. Immer wul i taɣaḍt, ar tettetta tuga. Awd Mass Sugan imdez aṭas.\nAllig druɣ ur ufiɣ yat iran ad ɣuri teqqim, ay d iswangem Mass Sugan igellin.\nIzgel Mass Sugan acku tesxa segs tɣjedt.\nYan wass, ar tesksiw tɣejdt s adrar ar tettini d iɣef-nnes :\nAyyay a tiḥli n ufella indeɣ ! A taḍfi n ukrizzi ammas n tuga, min aya n tweryit turgimt i-yumẓen g yiri … yusa-d i uɣyul neɣ d azger ad ittaweɣ g tsetturt ifergen!… Uma nekkwnti tiɣṭṭen, da nettiri tiriwt .\nSeg tallit ann, ay d taɣul tuga n tsetturt tefṭas g yimi n tɣjedt. Uɣent-tt twerɣiwin. Ar tettumum, akeffay nnes idrus. Ar tessenɣa tasa addag da tezzuɣrur tagatut-nnes ass imda, temmater adrar, tinzar unfent ar tsbiɛɛi s uɣiluf.\nYuki Mass Sugan is yaɣ kra tiɣjedt, maka ur issin ma ay d imes uyenna. Yat tifawt, ddag ismed uẓug, tbeṛṛem ẓars tɣejdt tenna-as :\n– Ssfeld ẓar-i a Mass Sugan, rmiɣ ɣurk, ajj-i ad dduɣ ɣer adrar .\nAya wiyha new, awd nettat ! ay d inna Mass Sugan s uɣuyyui. Iṛẓem i uruku… iqqim ɣef tuga tama n tɣejdt :\n– Ma ay d tettinid a Blunkit, trid awd kemm ad i-tfeld ?\n– Ah a Mass Sugan.\n– Is tusred tuga da ?\n– Uhu a Mass Sugan.\n– Waqila segzileɣ-am i ugatu ; trit ad am-as-seɣzifeɣ ?\n– Ad ur tezziwezd iɣef-nnek a Mass Sugan.\n– Iwa ini-yi may d tusred ? ma ay d trid ?\n– Riɣ ad aliɣ ɣer adrar a Mass Sugan.\n– Maɣ ur tessint a tanafalt is illa wuccen g udrar… ma ay rad tegd adday d-iddu ?…\n– Ad as-keɣ tiytiwin s yiskawen a Mass Sugan.\n– Ad iṭṭeṣṣa wuccen ɣef tiskawin nnem. Ičča-yi yad tiɣṭṭen id mm yiskawen imeqranen, mani g d-teflaled kemm mnid nnsent…. Ur teẓrid Γunuḍ ikkan da nḍaḍand ? Massa n tɣeṭṭen, ur tekkul amm uzalaɣ. Teqqim Tettnaɣ aked wuccen iḍ ma ay d ila… tuli-d tifawt, ičč-tt wuccen.\n– Tgellint a Γunuḍ… Ajj-i meqqar a Mass Sugan ad awneɣ i udrar.\nA Akuc Amellay, ay d inna Mass Sugan,… Ukan ma ayd asent-nessker dɣi i tɣeṭṭen-ad ? Han diɣ yat rad tt-ičč wuccen…. iwa hat uhu… s ifassen-inw ad kem-jjenjmeɣ a mm tmullas… mek rad tebbid tagatut, rad ɣifm regleɣ g yizɣi n imudar, teqqimd degs aha.\nYiwi-tt ilemma Mass Sugan ɣer yizɣi illasen, irgel fellas tiflut . S unniry, ittu talkiwt terẓem. Γas iffeɣ day, tenḍew,terwel uyedda n tɣjedt tameẓẓyant.\nDdag telkem adrar, ma ay degs akw illan immer. Ur jjun d idgel ay d iẓran tahuski amm ta. Snubbegn-tt amzun d tageldunt . Kwnan isekwla allig ṭṭaṣen akal iwakken ad as-sselfen s iceṭḥan nnsen. Ujjan-as isekwla ijjan abrid allig tezrey, reẓmen i tujjut nnsen iḥlan. Iga-as udrar imda tafugla.\nUlac tagatut . Ulac tagust… ulac ma ay rad as-igdel ad tenḍew, telbey tuga imkinna tra. Dagi tella tuga tekka-as-d nnig tqerray … tuga matta tuga, temmim, taḍfut, tleggwaɣ i tuɣmas, tettuga seg yifḍ n tugwin … Ur d amm tuga n tsetturt… ima yildjigen xla… tildjigin tiẓeṛwalin tixatarin, yat tagant akkw n ijeddigen iramyaren ittkaren s tlekmast tanaḍfatt.\nDa teṣfuruḍ tɣjedt tumlilt g talat taɣezfant ɣef tferrin ḍernin n tasaft ; imik , tbedd s uɣawel ɣef tḍarin nnes . hup ! huy-tt tedda, iɣef s dat, inger iyiyzumlal d waslen, tikkelt ɣef uzilal, tikkelt jaj n waqqa, snnej, swadday … ad as-tinit llant mrawt n tɣeṭṭen n Mass Sugan g udrar.\nHat is ur tekṣuḍ Blunkit awdḥaḥ !\nS yat tneḍwa tezger isaffen meqqurnin ar as-sslaɣen ig tezrey aluḍ d uluff. Teddu ad teɣred ɣef yiwen iselli izeddigen iwakken ad tezwu g tafuyt… Yat tikkelt kudenna da tetteddu g tigira n yan yan udɣar iflalan , tannay s izdar g uzaɣar, taddart n Mass Sugan d tsetturt ḍaras. Teḍṣa allig as-d-ggzen imeṭṭawen.\n– Ayayd tmeẓẓiy ! ay d tenna ; mamek giɣ allig ẓẓiḍṛeɣ agensu-nnes ?\nTgellint ! ar d-tseksiw seg ufella, tɣal is tmeqqur ugar n umaḍal…\nTezzrey tɣejdet n Mass Sugan yan wass iɣudan. G wammas n wass, kudenna tettazzal zelmeḍ yeffus, tufa-nn iɣef nnes ammas n yat tewrut n tɣeṭṭen n udrar ar teẓẓad tanuɣa s tuɣmas-nnes. Tamazzalt nneɣ tamẓẓyant s tmelsit nnes tumlilt, tiwey akkw awal . fkant-as adɣar akkw iḥlan ammas n tnuɣa.\nAzwu iṣemmiḍ, adrar yedwel d azawraɣ, d tameddit… « yad ! » ay d tenna tɣjedt ; teqqim ar tettaẓef.\nS wadday, iney umedlu yigran. Tuccka tsetturt n Mass Sugan ammas n umedlu. Seg taddart nnes ur nettannay ɣas taduli d imikk n waggu ; ar tsella i tnagnat n yat twili yaɣulen s axxam, tḥlufu i yiman-is tennuɣjef. Isslef-as yan ufalku s igeldan nnes, ar tettergigi.\nDeg udrar yat tɣuyyit taɣezzaft : hu ! hu !\nTeswangem g wuccen ; ass ma ay d ila ur degs teswangem tnafalt… G yimir nnaɣ nit, isawl-d yan messemɣer-awal seg wasif. D Mass Sugan ay d itteggen tazmert nnes tameggarut.\n« Hu ! hu ! », ikkat wuccen amrur.\n« Uɣul-d ! uɣul-d !… » ay d ittini messemɣer-awal.\nTra Blunkiṭ ad d-tuɣul ; maca tsemmkti-d tagust, tagatut, afrag n tsetturt, tenna is ur yad teẓḍar i tudert-ad, yuf is teqqima.\nTsella tɣjedt deffir-as i udida n ifrawen. Tberrem, teẓra-nn g tillas sin imejjan igwezlanen ibeddan d tiṭṭawin isfikkiten… D uccen.\nImeqqur, irṣa, iqqima ɣef taɣma nnes, ar ismuqqul g tɣjedt tumlilt, ar ismulluɣ urta. Imkinna issen is rad tt-ičč, ur akkw iɣawl wuccen ; kudenna d-tberrem, isteɣ yat taḍsa ixxan :\n– ḥḥa ! ḥḥa ! tiɣjedt tameẓẓyant n Mass Sugan ! Ukan isikk iles-nnes akeswat azeggwaɣ ɣef wanfuren nnes izuraren.\nTessen Blunkiṭ is digsent tedda… imik tsemmkti-d tanfust n Γunuḍ tawessart lli innaɣen iḍ imda, tettwačč tifawt, tenna yuf ad tettyičči deɣya, imik tfafa-d, ar tetterara ɣef yiman-nnes, iɣef s izdar, tiskawin s dat, amm tnebɣsut n tɣjedt n Mass Sugan lli tmes… Ur d is tessarm ad tneɣ uccen, uhuy, ur da neqqant tɣeṭṭen uccanen, maka tra ad tẓer is tezmer ad teṭṭef g wuccen anect lli degs tumẓ Γunuḍ…\nIger waxxu tasurift-nnes izwaren, ssentint tiskawin timeẓẓyanin arkaḍ-nnsent.\nAyyay a tiɣjedt tanebɣust ! la tettnaɣ s wul-is. Mrawt n tikkal ay d tbezzez ɣef wuccen ad yedwel ɣer deffer. G wakud n usgenfu, da tekkes tsebballaḥt s uɣawl kra n tuga, ukan turri ad diɣ tennaɣ s yimi nnes ittkaren… Iḍ imda tettnaɣ. Seg tikkelt ar tayyaḍ, tettmuqul tɣjedt n Mass Sugan ɣer yigenna ad texzar itran irekkḍen, ar tettini, : « a mer ufiɣ ad ddreɣ ard d-taley tifawt !… »\nXessin yitran yan ḍaṛt wayyaḍ. Blunkiṭ tekkat s tiskawin, uccen yekkat s iqucan … Imik n usidd yuli-d seg yidir… isawl ugaẓiḍ s ugerḍ-nnes tsetturtes tmara. Allig druɣ , ay d tenna tɣjedt, tigellint ittgannan ass iwakken ad temmet. Teɣred ɣef wakal, timlsit nnes tamellalt iẓilen, tumes akkw s idammen….\nInḍer ɣifes wuccen, ičč-tt.\nAssuɣel n Baha Manṣub.\nTagged with: Baha Mansoub, tasekla tamazight\nPrevious Article Les passeurs de mémoire, une nouvelle génération d’artistes engagés\nNext Article Ṣṣur i waḍu, tanfust n Sasi Dahmani


Q=16	C=0	SS=0	LS=0	PS=16	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=1	G0=3	G1=1	G2=1	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=tabrat n ulaɣi i weslelli n uneɣmas Ɛumar Raḍi | Le RIFAIN\nOmar Radi ‑ teswert: REUTERS\ntettwafser di Change.org ijjen Petition d alaɣi i wslelli n Ɛumar Raḍi.\ntabrat‑a tura s waṭṭas n tutlayin zzag‑sent tarifit:\nNeccin i isinyin da swadday, tinmuriyin d yenmuriyen, zeg waṭṭas n iraqen n weɣnas asertan, anmallan, uɣrim, adelsan, amesmun, niɣ d weɣnas i yeqqnen ɣer iḥudriyen, d temɣarin…\nnettetter tilelli i uneɣmas Ɛumar Raḍi. Minzi tilelli n tmenna d wesneɣmes d uxarres ttwaḍemnent s ddustur, d izerfan imaḍlanen. Minzi aḥebbes n yewdan x min qqaren, niɣ x uxarres-nsen asertan, d ijjen lxedmet wer tecni i Lmeɣrib i nrezzu ad yili d ijjen tmurt d tadimuqraṭit, tettwaweqqer deg-s tmuri d tseqqar d tlelli.\nwenni yexsen ad t‑isinya, ad yadef da:\nX imuntifen d jjdid, ṭṭfen ɛawed ajurnalist Ɛumar !


Q=13	C=7	SS=0	LS=1	PS=10	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=2	G0=93	G1=72	G2=31	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Wp/tzm/Leonardo Da Vinci - Wikimedia Incubator\nWp/tzm/Leonardo Da Vinci\n< Wp | tzmWp > tzm > Leonardo Da Vinci\nLeonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (Taṭalyanit :leo 'nardo di, sɛr' pjɛ:ro da (v)'vintʃi] ; 14/15 abril 1452 - 2 mayyu 1519), ittyawssan s Leonardo da Vinci, ikka-t-nn iga yan ugtusnak awṭalyan iddren g tleslalit, iruran taynit ɣer kigan n yigran zun d unuɣ, taklut, "sculpture", tasedga, tussna, aẓawan, tusnakt, tajenyurit, tasekla, "anatomie", tusnakalt, tasnallunt, tasnemɣit, "paléontologie", d "cartographie". Ikka-t-nn Leonardo da ittiri ad yisin akkʷ mayd illan ɣef ugama, ad yisin man-imk s teswuri ku taɣawsa, ikka-t-nn awed iḥrec bahra g teɣri, "designing" d usgadda n kraygatt asekkin.\nDa ttannayen kigan n medden Leonardo mas iga yan seg yimeklawen akkʷ xaternin g umezruy, wiyyaḍ da t-ttannayen am umayaf-nnsen akkʷ. Tenna fell-as tanmezruyt n tẓuri Helen Gardner mas d jjin ur izri mayd t-irwasen, acku ikka-t-nn da iggar taynit-nnes s ugudi n tɣawsiwin am is ur ili anelli-nnes iwetta. Ar tizi-ad nit ta jju nessen amya ɣef man-imk tt-nn-tekka "caractère"-nnes.\nIlul-d ammas n Vinci, yat teɣremt imeẓẓin illan tama n Flurinsa, Ṭṭalyan. ittuselɣem ɣef ufus n "sculptor" d umekla Andrea del Verrocchio afad ad imɣur d anaẓur, izzri tudert-nnes s umata-nnes, da gi-s iswuri dar kra n yiristuqraṭiyen iṭalyanen bahra bɣernin. G yiseggʷasen-nnes imeggura, idder g yat tgemmi ifulkin nna as-ifka ugellid n Fṛansa.\nDa tettyawḥasabent snat g tugniwin-nnes ɣef tugniwin akkʷ dar mi illa waddur g umaḍal, ad tent-igan d Mona Lisa d The last supper (Imensi ameggaru), isker awed agudi n wunuɣen, yan bahra gi-sen ittyawssanen am Vitruvian Man (Argaz Awvitruv). G umata n tikkal, ikka-t-nn Leonardo da bedda iswingim g yisnulfuten imaynutnin, ilin bedda di-s kra n walugen g ittzemmam akkʷ unuɣen d tektiyin-nnes, amata g yisnulfuten-nnes ur ten jju sul ismed. Ad seg-sen naf kra n tektiyin zun d "hélicoptère", "tank", tamsiḍent, "parachute", aṛubu, atilifun, tiẓri n tneflit d "énergie solaire".\n1.4.1 Tamgudt d urba akked Anne Tagʷrramt d John Amseddam\nTudert-nnes[edit | edit source]\nTimẓi-nnes, 1452-1466[edit | edit source]\nUnuɣ akkʷ iqburen dar Leonardo ɣef uyenna ittwassnen, Asif n Arnu, 1473. Illa g usefser n Uffizi.\nIlul Leonardo g 15 abril 1452, g teɣremt tatuskanit n Vinci, g yiɣzer n wasif Arnu, yura jedd-is Antonio da Vinci ifruriten n tlalit-nnes acku ur ta tahlen imarawen-nnes akud-ann, iga iwwi-s n Ser Piero da Vinci, yan umsentam awflurintin bahra ibeɣren, d Caterina, yat tmazzalt nna ɣef ggudin iwenniten d teẓriyin, illa mayd fell-as ittinin mas tt-nn-tekka tga yat tesmegt d-ikkan beṛṛa n tmazirt-nnsen, zun d Ccinwa neɣ d Anẓul-Agmuḍan, yili daɣ mayd ittinin mas tt-nn-tekka ur tgi abla yat tmeẓluḍt ult tmazirt-nnsen nit. D Leonardo, Iɣʷi-t-nn sul dar-s baba-s ikellef si-s, tiwel daɣ yemma-s turu semmus wazzanen-yaḍnin. Isem-nnes ummid iga-t "Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci", isnumken "Leonardo, iwwi-s n mass Pier u Vinci".\nIzzri Leonardo semmus g yiseggʷasen-nnes imezwura aked yemma-s g yat tgemmi mm wurti, fad ilemma immuti s Vinci ad izdeɣ aked ibba-s d temɣart-nnes tis-snat Albiera, ilin di-sen ula id jedd-is d ɛemm-is Francesco. Ḍart mayd imeqqur Leonardo, ur bahra izemmim ɣef temẓi-nnes abla yan sin yikettayen ẓlinin, amezwaru llig t-nn-ikka iẓẓel yan wass beṛṛa ujguggel-nnes, yuyel nnig-as yan ugḍiḍ ixatren isli-t s rric-nnes g wudem-nnes. Akettay-nnes azalan wis-sin iga-t; llig t-nn-ikka ar issara yan udrar yaf-nn yan yifri, d meqqar t-nn-ikka iksuḍ ad yili kra n xxu g waguns, ur t-tujji tdewwayt-nnes ad nn ser-s ur ikcim ad gi-s isnubbec.\nTasawert n Verrocchio, 1466-1476[edit | edit source]\nG 1466, llig t-nn-tekka dar Leonardo 14 useggʷas, yiwi-t-nn baba-s ɣer Flurinsa, afad ad ig anelmad n unaẓur Verrocchio.\nTekka-tt-nn tga Flurinsa yan udɣar ismectagen ul n yan umeẓyan innurzen ad yaɣul d anaẓur, ddren gi-s yad kigan n inaẓuren ttyawssanin g temrawant n 1200 zun d Cimabue d Giotto, dinna ɣer ibeṛṛem yan iɣef-nnes qad nn gi-s yaf ifarsen iẓuranen ẓilnin ttyawssanin, ha takatidralit takeswatt s talqubbet-nnes tamaynut igan tabarawt, ha taglizt n ugʷrram John s tiggura-nnes n wureɣ sfiqqisnint, tili g tama-nnes yat teglizt-yaḍen mi ssutulen wattayen-nnes "sculptures" d-kkanin "sculpteurs" akkʷ ttyawssannin zun d aselmad n Leonardo s yiɣef-nnes.\nAnaẓur igan aleḥyan akud-ann iga-t wa d yufan kra n umassaɣ i tfelwin-nnes, yan lli rad tent dar-s yawi s tugt-nnsent. Tawja akkʷ ibeɣren g Flurinsa n uzemz-ann Medici ad tt-igan, nettni ad dar ikka ubergemmi akkʷ ifejjijen ammas n temdint-ann, d iɛezz dar-sen ad ssaɣen tifelwin, isefrisen d tɣawsiwin-yaḍnin ẓilnin, kkan-t-nn awed da bahra ttraran taynit s tsekla d tfelsuft, kigan d inaẓuren iɛerrimen akud-ann; kkan da ttnuruzen ad si-sen raren ayt Medici d yimeddukkal-nnsen taynit.\nTezri dar Verrocchio yat tsawert imeqquren ur isalan, g ikka Leonardo da ittelmad tiɣarasin n tẓuri, imk-ann ma ɣef t-nn fell-as ikka iga ccil ad ilmed unuɣ, taklut, "sculpture" d umsudem. Maca g wakud igan yan, ilmed daɣ kraygatt tasugert tunfiɛt illan, zun d takrura, tagemɣuzt, tagebbaṣt, tawuri n yilmawen, tamikanikt d tnesramt.\nUr d Leonardo i waḍu-nnes ka dinn ikkan g tsawert-ann, amunen gi-s agudi n yimeklawen-yaḍnin, yili akkʷ gi-sen mayd yaɣulen d "célèbre" imeqquren, zun d Ghirlandaio, Perugino d Botticelli. Inaẓuren-ad, ur bahra ugren Leonardo s yiseggʷasen. Da ittales Giorgio Vasari yat tenfust ilan azal ɣef tizi-ad g tudert n Leonardo, g t-nn-ikka Verrocchio ar ikellu yat tfelwit ixatren iqqnen s wudum (baptême) n umasiḥ, ifka-as i Leonardo tmehla n ad iklu yan g yineglusen illan ɣef uẓelmaḍ-nnes. Inna Vasari mas t-nn ikʷla Leonardo s yat tmamekt imk-ad ifulkin, isres-nn akkʷ Verrocchio ccita-nnes s yat tikkelt, d ur jju d nettan ad sul iklu kra g tudert-nnes. S yan uzzray ineɣden, rad ifrek yan i mas d Leonardo ayd ixedmen ula igezzumen-ann-nnes yaḍnin, zun d izṛan, amzaz aqehwi d ula "background-nnes". Da ttinin awed ɣef Leonardo mas d fell-as isnulfa Verrocchio akud-ann asefris-nnes awbrunẓ n David isker gi-s am tmudemt-nnes.\nG 1472 zun d imk-ann, llig t-nn dar-s tekka 20 useggʷas, ilkem-d Leonardo "Guild" n St Luke (Luke Agʷrram), yat tmaddast n yinaẓuren d yiḍukturen n tesnijjit, d meqqar as-d-isersel ibba-s yat tsawert igan tinnes i yiɣef-nnes, iɣama-nn Leonardo dar Verrocchio iddeɣ dar-s tɛezza twuri dinna.\nTawuri akkʷ iqburen dar Leonardo ɣef uyenna ittyawssanen iga-t unuɣ n wasif Arnu ittyawskaren s uɣanib, ittuzemmem s usakud n 5 ɣuct 1473, yili ɣil-a g usefser n Uffinzi.\nTudert-nnes tazzulant, 1476-1499[edit | edit source]\nBaḍaḍ n umajus, (1481) g usefser n Uffizi\nAdday ittara Vasari ɣef Leonardo, da issemras kra n yiwaliwen zun d "noble", amafkay, "gracieux" d ufalkay, da aɣ-ittini Vasari mas t-nn-ikka Leonardo g tiɛɛurma-nnes, iga yan urgaz iɣezzifen iɣudan, ikka-t-nn idus kigan igeḍḍer, da akkʷ issefraɣ tisaliwin n yisan s yifassen-nnes qqurnin. Iẓil bahra umesli-nnes da si-s "charmer" wanna as ka isellan, isiggel kraygatt yan tiddukkla-nnes akud-ann. Ikka-t-nn iga yan umeccimɣan dar ɛezzan imudar, ar issaɣ kra tikkal igḍaḍ afad ad ten ka isderfi.\nIkka-t-nn Leonardo iga yan unaẓur ilan yat tmefkit taxatart, isnulfa-d g 1482 yat "lyre" n uẓref (nnqert) ɣef talɣa n yiɣef n wayyis, tizi g t-nn-ikka yan unebbaḍ amaynu g temdint n Milan agafa n Ṭṭalyan, igan s yisem Ludovico il Moro, yan uduk isennuɣjufen inebbaḍen-yaḍnin. Yuzen Lorenzo n ayt Medici Leonardo s Milan am umesqad-nnes afad ad ifek i Ludovico Lyre-ann-nnes am yat trezzift seg dar-s. Yura Leonardo i uduk n Milan yat tebratt, g ittales kullu tiɣawsiwin-ann ḥrecnin unfiɛnin nna mi izḍar, zun d asnulfu n tmacinin n girra. Yara-as awed s uzegzel mas "issen i teklut ula nettat", ur t-nn akkʷ ikki g ugayyu-nnes akud-ann mas d taɣawsa-ad nit s rad bahra sul ittyawssan. Iɣama-nn Leonardo g Milan da iswuri dar uduk ger iseggʷasen n 1482 d 1499, ikka dar-s yan ugezzum g twuri-nnes iẓlin ɣas s "design" n "défilés" n tfugliwin d ikaṛnabalen, ttyafan dar-s awed g walugen-nnes kra n wunuɣen i tmelsa n tmezgunin, idsen yimsegdalen "incroyable" d kra n yisinaryuten nna mi yallfus ad ilin assaɣ d umezgun.\nLeonardo, zun d nettan zun d amata n yinaẓuren bahra ttyawssannin g uzemz-nnes, kkan-t-nn dar-s idsen yimazzalen g tsawert-nnes, swa inelmaden iɛerrimen swa imawasen meqqurnin, ikka-t-nn yan g yinelmaden-nnes iga s yisem Gian Giacomo Caprotti da Oren. Ikka-t-nn iga yan urba iɣudan iṭṭafen "curls" n wureɣ ɣezzifnin fulkinin. Ikka da di-s ittacka ad ig tamudemt n yineglusen dar yinaẓuren. Maca iga awed yan uxendallas iceqqan, "Salai" neɣ "Salaino" (isnumken "iblis imeẓẓin") ka ad as-ittini Leonardo.\nYura Leonardo g walug-nnes ɣef Salai, mas t-nn-ikka iga yan uṭemmaɛ d yan bu tkerkas ur ilin anaw, d mas t-nn-ikka da as bedda ittaker tiɣawsiwin-nnes g tgemmi, idder di-s ammas n uzedduɣ-nnes i 30 yiseggʷasen am unelmad d umazzal-nnes.\nAyyis Axatar[edit | edit source]\nAfares n Leonardo akkʷ ilan azal akud-ann g uzemz n uswuri dar Ludovico, iga-t asnulfu n yan usefris axatar ɣef talɣa n yan umnay issudan ayyis-nnes, ad si-s ssimɣuren s unebbaḍ-nnsen izwaren Francesco Sforza. Izwur-d Leonardo s wayyis, deffir mayd bahra isker tezrawin-nnss ɣef "anatomie" n wanaw-a g yimudar, issuneɣ-asen id "design"; isnulfa-d yan wayyis n tallaɣt ixatren mi iga s yisem "Gran Cavallo" (Ayyis Axatar), ikka-t-nn rad as sul ittuga ubrunẓ-nnes afad ad yaɣul ayyis awbrunẓ akkʷ ixatren g umezruy atrar. Maca ur as sul tettusmid twuri-nnes s temgeṛẓa. G 1494, ifka Ludovico abrunẓ-ann akkʷ dar-sen illan ad t-nn-ssurrin s "cannons" iddeɣ fell-asen d-ikcem userdas awfṛansis s uwettas n usdurriy. Ayyis n tallaɣt ixatren, ibidd ukan tizi-ann g rad d-urrin ifransisen s Milan g 1499 afad ad daɣ armen ad tt-sdurriyen, smersen-t tikkelt-ad i usleɣmu n tniyyact, xlun-t kullu.\nTamgudt n Isulilen[edit | edit source]\nIzzri Leonardo snat tseqqimin n teklut nna mi dar illa wazal g wakud g t-nn-ikka da iswuri dar Ludovico. Yat seg-sent; ad iklu yat tfelwit n uzatim (zzit) nna rad iddun s useɣres axatar n tegʷmat n usemmeḍren iɣusen (Confraternity of the immaculate conception), isker gi-s Leonardo snat tfelwin ifel-d yat aked yimhiwac n Milan, yiwi di-s ṭayya s Franṣa, tɣama-nn. Ad tettyafa ass-a g usalay n Louvre.\nUr mzarayent tfelwin-a s yisem, da mmalant s sin-itsent amuɣli n Maryam Tamgudt aked bijju-nnes Ɛissa, ammas n yan udɣar ameḍlus igan kullu isulilen,َ mani g rad mmaggaren aked John Amseddam. Tella yat tenfust (nna ur illin g Injil, tili ɣas g taysi tawmasiḥt) ɣef man-imk s imlala Ɛissa bijju aked John g uɣaras ittawin s Misṛa. G tmuɣli-a, illa John ar ittẓalla; yall-d Ɛissa bijju afus-nnes ibarek-t. Tettyawssan tfelwit-ad n Leonardo s unezwi-ann-nnes ikerrmen nna aɣ-takka, asidd-nnes aɣrib ikkaten s yan usyafa ittawin tiysas, imula-nnes dranin d "background"-nnes immalan agelmam d yidurar ammas n taggut. Ur jjin akkʷ tettyawskar kra n tfelwit igan zun d nettat g kullu mayd izrin.\nImensi Ameggaru[edit | edit source]\nTafelwit tis-snat n Leonardo g Milan nna mi dar illa wazal, is akkʷ tettyawssan uggar n tiyyaḍ. Nettat ayd igan s yisem Imensi Ameggaru (the Last Supper), da temmala imensi akkʷ igguran dar Ɛisa s tamunt n yimeḥḍaren-nnes dat wammaẓ d menɣiwt-nnes. Ista Leonardo ad iklu imir-ann g ittini Ɛisa "rad iyi gi-wen iɣḍer kra n yan", da ittales Leonardo addad n ubhaḍ d unnuɣjef nna d-iɣʷin yineḍfaren-nnes s simraw, da t-ittales s uɣaras n yimuggan d wudmawen n medden ammas n tfelwit. Idsen ar sawalen, idsen bidden, idsen ar ttalen g yifassen-nnsen s tiwdi.\nIkka-t-nn uneggal Matteo Bandello da iẓerra Leonardo ammas n twuri-nnes. Yura fell-as mas da izzray mennaw n wussan; ar ka ikellu akkʷ mayd ila wass s war utci, ibidd daɣ ilemma kṛaḍ neɣ d kkuẓ n wussan-yaḍnin bla gi-sen iklu wala isker yat, kra n tikkal; ar ka dinn ittṣemmar mnid n tfelwin-nnes ar gi-sen ittqezzaz. Inna Vasari mas as-ɣʷlin idammen i umɣar n teɣzamt tamhawcant, itter-as ad isneɣmes Leonardo s mas as-d-iqqan ad iswurri s timmri. Inna Vasari mas t-nn-ikka Leonardo ittecṭen akkʷ, acku ur inni d yiɣef-nnes is rad nit izḍar ad isgadda udem n Ɛisa mezyan, inna-as i uduk mas yallfus is rad isker g wudem n umɣar n yimhiwac tamudemt-nnes i Judas ameɣdar.\nDeffir mayd tesmed twuri n tfelwit, nnan fell-as kullu willi tt-ẓranin s umata-nnsen mas d tawuri-nnes tamayuft akkʷ ayenna.\nMaca ur as yad issemres Leonardo i tfelwit-ann "fresco" as-d-yusan, isker-as "tempera" iggi n gissu (gesso), nna ur da ittusemrasen yad-lli i tfelwin n uɣrab. Imk-ann ma ɣef as-ittca tɣurdin-nnes txemmej kullu, terwi s yat tikkelt ḍart yat tmiḍi yiseggʷasen. Meqqar d-iḍer uklu n kra g idɣaren-nnes seg uɣrab, tekka-t-nn tfelwit-ann tettyawssan kigan, ancet-ann lli gi-s ittusiggzen-ittusneɣlen yuger kullu tifelwin tisegdanin n umaḍal.\nTudert-nnes tazzulant, 1499-1513[edit | edit source]\nG 1499, seḍren Ludovico il Moro. Immuti Leonardo seg Milan aked umazzal-nnes Salai d umeddakkel-nnes amusnak Luca Pacioli s Vinisya. Iswuri dinna Leonardo am yan umasgad d ujenyur aserdasan. Acku tga Vinisya yat temdint ibidden ɣef kigan n tegzirin, yurem Leonardo ad iswingim g itsent tɣarasin ma s fell-as ittegdal azzaɣen n iɣerruba. G 1500, yurri-d Leonardo ɣer Flurinsa s tamunt n yimazzalen d yinelmaden-nnes. Fkan-as imhiwac n teɣzamt "Holy Annunciation" yat taddart d yat tsawert imeqquren.\nTamgudt d urba akked tgʷrramt Anne d ugʷrram John Amseddam (c. 1499–1500)—Asefser Anamur, London\nTamgudt d urba akked Anne Tagʷrramt d John Amseddam[edit | edit source]\nIbda Leonardo tawuri ɣef yat tfelwit-yaḍen, ig-nn yan uɣawas g yiɣef-nnes issuneɣ-as yat tunuɣt imeqquren; immalan Mayram Tamgudt, tsekkus ɣef ufud n yemma-s Anne Tagʷrramt tusi di-s abijju-nnes Ɛisa, yili ɣef ufasi-nnes John Amseddam (Baptist). Inna Vasari mas tsebheḍ tunuɣt-ann tafalkayt akkʷ midden, ddan-d ad tt-annin irgazen d tmeṭṭutin, imeẓyanen wala wid meqqurnin s tigrummawin, ad tinid is d kra n umuggar axatar a s d-uckan. Da tettyafa ɣil-a tunuɣt-ad g Usefser Anamur, London. Meqqar d bahra teqbur tezzef, tili ammas n yat tmeṣriyt illasen, da ttekkan midden kraygatt ass asefser-nnes afad ad ka skubbren mind-nnes. Zun d nettat zun d mennawt g twuriwin n Leonardo, ur as jju ismed tafelwit-nnes.\nImenɣi n Anghiari[edit | edit source]\ntad tga tunɣilt i tfelwit n Leonardo igan s yisem" Imenɣi n Anghiari" nna tt-nn-ikkan ittuxlan, iga-as aɣrab addal g wattayen n 1560; yallfus is tga tunɣilt-ad aɣawas i tfelwit\nG 1502 d 1503, iswuri Leonardo dar Cesare Borgia, aristuqraṭ idusen iwwi-s n ubaba Alexander wis-sḍis. Ikka-t-nn Leonardo da di-s ittmuddu am yan umasgad d ujenyur aserdasan, da ttekkan mennaw yidɣaren ugens n Ṭṭalyan. Tigiriwin n 1503, yurri-d Leonardo s Flurinsa, ilkem-d "Guild" n Luke Agʷrram i tikkelt-yaḍen.\nTettufka-as yat tmeskirt bahra istawhemman seg dar useqqim (Signoria) n Flurinsa, ran-t ad asen-iklu yan seg sin "frescos"-ann xaternin nna rad ilin ammas n yiɣerban n tmeṣriyt akkʷ dar mi illa wazal g ubergemmi n useqqim-nna, ittukellaf Michelangelo s teklut n Imenɣi n Cascina, ikellef Leonardo s tin Imenɣi n Anghiari. Issenta Leonard g usenfar-nnes, isker tezrawin-nnes ɣef wudmawen n yirgazen rfanin d yiysan-nnsen mmaɣnin, issuneɣ-ten, ilin ukan sul unuɣen-a ar ɣil-ad g walugen-nnes. Maca s temgeṛẓa, rad daɣ ig uya yan "failure" seg dar Leonardo, acku llig nn-ikʷla tugna-ann g uɣrab, g udɣar n ad issemres "fresco", ismerkes-as ikʷlan-nnes aked uzatim (zzit), imk-ann ma ɣef as-ggammin ad zwun. Llig yurem ad ten-issreɣ s imikk n wafa, tefsi-as tfelwit kullu-tt. Issuneɣ Peter Paul yat tunɣilt i ugezzum-nnes anammas, awin-as-d ayt useqqim n teɣremt ḍart yat tizi ma rad as daɣ yalsen g uɣrab. Ur ikemmel Michelangelo tafelwit-nnes awed netta iddeɣ as-iɣra ubaba s Ruma.\nG wattayen n 1503, ibda Leonardo ar ikellu tafelwit n yat tmeṭṭut ittyawssanen s Mona Lisa, tasefrist akkʷ nna mi dar illa waddur nger kullu tifelwin-yaḍnin. Mennaw yiseggʷasen ad gi-s izzri, tga yat tugna imeẓẓin ittwaklun s uzatim iggi n yan yifil n ukeccuḍ. Da temmala udem, tafegga tanafellant d yifassen n yat tmeṭṭut ilsan am ku ass. G tsefrisin, da yad-lli tlessa tameṭṭut timelsa d tzuzaf-nnes timayufnin. Tles ɣid Mona Lisa yat tqendurt iḍlan d yan waddal aseggan afella yiɣef-nnes. G umata n tikkal, da ittajja Leonardo g tfelwin-nnes kra n yizumal ma's yakka kra n tmula (indices) ɣef umdan nna gi-sen ittilin. Ayenn igan aɣrib g tugna-a d uyenna igan aɣbalu i yisem nna s tettyawssan iga-t uzmummeg-nnes : Mona Lisa Giaconda, da tesnamek Giaconda "tanna itteṣṣan", (tga Mona azegzel n Madonna isnumken "Lalla-nu".)\nTamentilt n maɣ allig bahra tettyawssan tfelwit-ad, iga-t iddeɣ tektur s yidrigen, da nn-ttaggʷan allen n Mona Lisa s yinigi-nnes, maca ur inni awed yan ad d-ildi ayenn issaran iɣef-nnes. Allen-nnes d ula imi-nnes, da ttumanen am is da zmummugen, tamsalt igan tamaynut g teklut n tsefrisin, acku da gi-s yad-lli ttumanen midden s umata-nnsen gan "sérieux". Iceqqa ad yakez yan tinfaliyin n wudem n Mona Lisa s usenɣed, acku mek yad ira yan ad iɣer isyafaten n wayya yakez-ten, iqqan-t-id ad nn-iluḥ asmaqqel-nnes s usga n tɣemriwin n wallen d yimawen-nnsen. Ixdem-tt Leonardo s yat tmamekt g tettumanen imula fessusnin g tseggiwin n wudem, ameggerḍ d yifassen-nnes, da tettusemma tamamekt-a "sfumato" (isnumken "aggu" s taṭalyanit). Ḍart mayd tt-ẓran kra n yinaẓuren-yaḍnin, nnan d yiguyya-nnsen mas d ur rad zḍaren i teklut n kra n tfelwit igan zun d nettat.\nTudert-nnes tazzulant, 1506-1516[edit | edit source]\nG 1506, yurri-d Leonardo s Milan aked yinelmaden-nnes, idder g tgemmi-nnes ammas n Porta Orientale. Aɣulen idsen g yinelmaden-nnes d imeklawen : Bernardino Luini, Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio d Marco D'Oggione. Isker D'Oggione mennawt tunɣilin i Imensi Ameggaru, isker Luini yat i Tamgudt n Isulilen, ikʷla Boltraffio d wiyyaḍ kigan n tugniwin n id Madonna d Ubijju, izḍar yan ad tent sul iẓer g yisefsar n tẓuri d ula tiglizin.\nRetrieved from "https://incubator.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wp/tzm/Leonardo_Da_Vinci&oldid=4825655"\nThis page was last edited on 8 July 2020, at 01:19.


Q=0	C=0	SS=0	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=2	G0=12	G1=6	G2=1	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Tala uMaziɣ: Tissirt n waman n zik\nTissirt n waman n zik\nGar ttawilat n «tezmert yettwaxlafen» (Energie renouvelable) - Taɛcuct-agi taqdimt i d-yezgan nnig ucercur n udrar i icuffen s waman i d-yekkan seg ufsay n udfel, d tissirt n waman...\nD tissirt taneggarut n Ukeffadu. Maca azgen n tasut (siècle) uqbel ass-agi. Llant aṭas deg-sent deg temnaḍt n leqbayel.\nBab-is d Dda Tayeb, ɣas yuẓa deg leɛmer, ibedd akked Nna Ɛelǧiyya ɣer yidis-is, ɣef ugerruj i as-d-ǧǧan lejdud. Dda Tayed, d ameẓẓad (meunier), ur icerreḍ ara idrimen, maca itekkes tafkuẓt (quart) n lgelba n nneɛma yettwaẓḍen. Tissirt n waman, ttezḍen-yiss irden, timẓin, ibawen, lḥemmeẓ, abelluḍ, akbal, lqahwa d isufar n usduzen (épices) daɣen.\nI wakken ad telḥu, tissirt teḥwaǧ aṭas n waman. Tezga-d terga n waman nnig tessirt. Amizab (ajeɛbub i ineqsen deg tehri) yessawaḍ-d aman ɣer uḥric n tessirt yellan seddaw tɣerɣert. Aman-agi yellan seddaw wadad (sous pression), sedduyen rruḍa n leryac. Ayagi, igellu-d s tuzzya n yiɣuraf.\nAwren n tesirt yettfeǧǧiǧ am yiṭij, yuɣal d ddwa, yettak tujjya i umuḍin. Leryac, ɣas ur ten-nettwali ara, sɛan azal meqqren. Ttwabedren-d deg wanzi yesseqdec Lwennas Matub deg yiwet n tuɣac-is « Tissirt mi ara tent-taɣ deg leryac, ula as-d-gen yiɣuraf ».\nTissirt-agi, d uzzan (merveille) n tebkect (simplicité), n tmellit (efficacité) d tsefsit (ingéniosité).\nTazmert yettwaxlafen tettwassen ɣur lejdud-nneɣ seg zzman aqdim. Deg tallit ideg nella, yeṭṭuqqet wawal ɣef twennaḍt d useḥbiber ɣef wayen i aɣ-d-yezzin. Lejdud-nneɣ, zwaren-aɣ s waṭas ɣer wanect-a. Lemmer ad nmuqel ɣer wayen i aɣ-d-ǧǧan, yezmer lḥal ad naf tisura i yinezgumen n uzekka.\nWin yebɣan daɣen ad iwali tissirt n waman, ad yerzu ɣer Uxxam n waman n Tuǧa (Bgayet).\nAdarwic Awal 5 août 2017 à 15:48\ntassirt maci tissirt\nsatstorm 5 août 2017 à 17:30\nLlan imukan anda qaren tasirt maca tuget qaren tissirt - tissyar\nAdarwic Awal 5 août 2017 à 20:05\nAla agma tassirt tisyar , maca issir tissirt tegzid acu bghigh ad inigh\nsatstorm 5 août 2017 à 20:59\nEfk-aɣ-d tawelha-inek (référence).


Q=5	C=1	SS=0	LS=3	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=6	G0=121	G1=89	G2=56	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Taghmist n Tiddukla - Utt'un 11\n(ddur't n 9 gher 15 Ghuct 2003)\nTikwal, uqbel ma ted'ra-d kra n twaghit, medden ma temmeslayed'-asen fell-as, ad tt-nwun d awezghi ad d-ted'ru, seg wakken taghawsa-nni tettban-asen-d tebâed ghef tilawt (réalité), seg wakken ur zmiren ara ad xaylen tawaghit meqqren am tin tezmer ad d-tili di tudert-a. D acu kan, aql-agh nettidir deg yiwen n wemd'al i deg kulci yezmer ad yed'ru, kulci nezmer ad t-nwali, d amd'al i deg awezghi yettughal d taghawsa n menwala, di lweqt i deg ss'wab akk d lh'eq ttughalen d awezghi. Di tmura n Tmazgha, yiwen ur yezmir ad yenker' azal ay tesâa timmuzgha, ama seg yidis n umezruy, ama seg yidis n yedles, ama seg yidis n tnettit (identité), ama seg n tudert ara tt-ttidiren medden ass-a. Tamazgha akka ay tt-id-yefka R'ebbi, d Tamazight, ad bghun medden negh ad agin, yernu timmuzgha yezzwer-itt lh'al uqbel n yidelsan akken ma llan akken d ad taf amkan-is deg wakal-is. Yella win yesâan axxam ur yettalas deg-s ? negh win yesâan arraw-! is, ad as-ten-kksen u ad ten-nekr'en d akken yines ? Anect-a yettban-agh-d d awezghi, maca di tmura n Tmazgha, d awezghi ay yughalen d ss'wab, yernu lumur' atenti teddunt amzun acemma ur illi. Di lweqt i deg Ldzayer attan tewwet nneh', tesmeâreq tesâuzz'eg, ur teqqen allen-is ghef wayen ay d-tewwi ad t-texdem s lh'ir akken ad tesselmed tamazight deg ugherbaz u ad tt-sseddu tutlayt-a di ttawilat n teywalt (communications), tamurt n Merr'uk tefren ad d-tesseâjel lumur' u ad tâeddi gher leqdic i yes tessaram ad temh'u yis-s tamazight. Buuh, buuh ... akken d rr'ay !!! Di tmurt i deg llan kra qqaren-d d akken tuget (tt'aqa) akk di medden ttmeslayen tamazight, di tmurt yugaren akk timura deg wanect tesâa d Imazighen, llan kra ssaramen ad as-qed'âen nnefs i tmazight u ad tt-nghen s tin n tsusmi. D acu kan, amek ay zemren ad as-bernen i tmazight tamgerd't di tmurt i deg yal az'ru d yal asaglu (ttcejr'a) yettmeslay s tmazight ? Amek i bghan ad xenqen tamazight di tmurt i deg llan wat'as n Yimazighwalen (amazighophones) akk deg wemd'al ? Amek ara ssiwd'en ad nghen tamazight di tmurt i deg maci ala kan d imdanen ay yettmeslayen tutlayt-a, wanag ula d akal yettmeslay-itt, imi yal adrar, yal taddart, yal ighzer d yal lexla yesâa isem s tmazight ? Am win yebghan ad yessired afus n wakli, ad as-ibeddel ini (llun), wanag, tamazight ay yessawd'en ad tidir anect-agi akk n leqrun mebla ma yessared-itt umezruy, ur d-mazal icenga-yines (iâdawen-is) ad sâun lmizan fell-as deg wakal n Merr'uk. Tutlayt-nnegh attan a tetteh'diqir, a tettewliwil akken ad d-teffegh seg uz'ekka i s-ghzen wiyad' (yernu d wigad-is a tawaghit), akken ad tt-med'len nettat tedder. Ass-a, arraw n Merr'uk ur qbilen ara tagi ad ternu ad tâeddi fell-asen, yernu atni a d-ttenkaren akken ad d-inin "tewwed' tkerza s ah'did". Xas tamazight attan ghef yiri n tmattant (lmut), simmal rennun tezz'un-as aqerru yicenga-yines di yal amkan, attan a d-tettankar dderya ara tt-id-icafâen seg uz'ekka, u ad tt-id-terr ! s annar akken tella zik-nni. Xas mmuten lejdud, mazal akal yecfa, yernu yettmeslay. Ass-a negh azekka, adennit ad d-tughal tidet s amkan-is di Merr'uk, ad rrz'en yicenga n tmazight deg wawal-nsen u ad qeblen tamazight-nni ay ker'hen acku attan tella deg wakal-is, yernu ula d akal-is d tamazight ay yettmeslay. Maca digh, d akal yecfan ghef tutlayt ayen ara d-yessakayen Imazighen n Ldzayer, wid n Unez'ruf Ameqqran (Sahara), wid n Libya akk d wid n Tegzirin Tiknar'iyin akken ad d-gren tighri ula d nitni u ad ssutren ad as-d-yughal i tmurt wayen i deg tettalas. Deg wat'as n yimukan n Tmazgha, xas tewwed' tmazight alammi temh'a d ayen, mazal llan yismawen n yemd'iqen, "awal n wakal" umi nezmer ad nsel di yal amkan, dgha xas icenga ssawd'en ad mh'un medden s lekmal-nsen, anza n wakal mazal yettant'aq-d, awal n lejdud mazal yeqqar aql-i da. Tah'eqranit ay ih'eqqaren ur tettr'uh'um ara yis-s gher mebâid imi ccer'-nwen iban, yettwakcef-d, wanag at lh'eq yezgan ttaghen tiyitiwin, tsusumen, a! dennit (labudd) ad rebh'en, xas akken tikli, teddun kan s leâqel : tiqit n waman d aman, maca tfellu az'ru. D acu kan, ilaq ad nesteâber' digh ula d nekni seg wanect-a. Lemmer maci d lejdud-nnegh i gh-d-yeddjan ismawen i wakal-nnegh, tili ass-a ur nz'er d akken si zik n zik ay d agh-t-id-h'err'en. Ma nsemmeh' di tmazight ass-a, nr'ebba-d arraw-nnegh nerra-ten d wid yettun iles n tjaddit, imenghi-nnegh ad ir'uh' bat'el, am win d-yeddjan akal i warraw-is, ughalen wigi zzenzen-t s wulac, ur ddjin las'el ad ikemmel. Tamazight tella, tella ... maca awfan ad ilin Yimazighen-nni i yes ara tili. Ayen yebghu iga-t ucengu i tutlayt-nnegh, ur tnegger ara, ma yebgha R'ebbi, yernu skud nessway iz'uran, tamurt-nnegh, Tamazgha, dima ad teqqim d tamazight.\nAmed Lachgar, Kalifur'nya, Iwunak Yedduklen n Temrikt (USA)\nAzul fell-awen a tagmat, Tanemmirt ghef teghmist-nna d-teggam, tfulki at'as, tessusem-iyi s ur-d imikk ... nekk d Amazigh n iffus (Sud) [anz'ul] n Merr'uk, teddregh di Marikan tura ... macc righ (bghigh) ad awen-inigh mas (belli) taghmist-agi (ad) ilaq ad as akk nawes (nâiwen) af ad telkem kigan (at'as) n yimadanen akk g izelmed' n Friqia (Afrique du Nord) [Tafriqt n Ugafa]. Tikklit yad'en (nnid'en) tanemmirt at'as ... afus g afus ad nettara s tutlayt-nnegh.\nTiririt : Tanemmirt ghef tebrat-inek, nefr'eh' yis-s at'as yernu nekni nh'emmel mi ara dagh-d-arun atmaten-nnegh s tmazight, imi ghur-negh, d tamazight d nettat ay d tutlayt n Yimazighen u yis-s kan ay d-tewwi ad ttarun (...) Nebgha (...) ad nerr tamazight d tutlayt tatrart (moderne) i yes nezmer ad nessiwel ghef kulci, d tutlayt ara yennernin gher sdat u ad d-tecbu tutlayin merr'a. Taghmist-nnegh nebgha ad nesselh'u yis-s ilugan (règles) n tira n tmazight, ad asen-nessigh tanumi (habituer) i medden akken ad qqaren tutlayt-nsen u ad tt-sseqdacen di tira. Am wakken ay nebgha digh ad tili teghmist-nnegh d tin ara d-yesnejmaâen akk Imazighen, anda ma llan, akken ad ttmeslayen (ssawalen) wagar-asen tamazight, akken ad qedcen u ad xemmen ghef wamek ara sduklen tutlayt-nsen u ad d-meslen (forger, façonner) tamazight n uzekka, tamazight tizeght (standard) ara fehhmen akk watmaten-nnegh anda ma llan. At'as n watmaten-nnegh ay gh-d-yettarun si Merr'uk, yernu at'as deg-sen ay d agh-d-yettarun s tmazight-nnegh âzizen u ssefr'ah'en-agh-d, qqaren-agh-d d akken fehmen ayen ay nettaru s tentala-nnegh (dialecte) n Tmurt n Yezwawen (Leqbayel). Nekni numen d akken (belli) tamazight tezmer ad teddukel, maca (mais) ilaq d nekni, d arraw-is, ara ixedmen ghef waya. Lemmer (lukan) ad nettemyaru s tmazight wagar-anegh, ad d-yawed' wass, ma yebgha R'ebbi, i deg ara teddukel tmazight, yernu d atmaten akka am kenwi ara yeddjen aya ad d-yili, ncalleh. Tanemmirt-ik a gma. Afud igerrzen (bon courage). Ar timlilit ma yebgha R'ebbi. Tiddukla Tadelsant Imedyazen\nAssenger n Yiserwen* n Tasmanya\nSghur Runoko Rashidi*\n[Aqeddem : Tasmanya d yiwet n tegzirt talemmast, tuzga-d deg wenz'ul agmud'an (sud-est) n Ustr'alya. Tigzirt-agi, am Ustr'alya, imdanen ines'liyen ay tt-izedghen, wwd'en-d ghur-s d igiman (milliers) n yiseggasen ayaka, tugh, ar ass-a ur z'rin ara yimassanen (savants) melmi swaswa. Imezdaghen-agi umi qqaren "iserwen" negh "ines'liyen" (wid ay d-ilulen di tmurt-a), d iberkanen n weglim, d iwanaghen n wallen, yernu sâan ansayen (traditions) d imer'kantiyen. Tutlayin-nsen ala kan di tmura-nsen ay tent-ttmeslayen, yernu sâan yiwet n tmusni meqqren ama ghef umezruy n wegdud-nsen, ama ghef win tmurt-nsen akk d wayen yettidiren deg-s. Maca, asmi ay d-wwd'en Wur'ufiyen (Européens) gher Ustr'alya akk d Tasmanya, beddlent mlih' lumur', ama ghef yemdanen n tmura-ya, ama ghef wayen yettidiren deg-sent. Ur'ufiyen, mi walan imdanen-agi mgerraden (mxallafen) fell-asen at'as, ur ten-cuban di ss'ifa, wala deg wansayen, wala di tutlayt, bdan Wur'ufiyen "ad ten-tts'eggiden" akken tts'eggiden ighersiwen, negh bitt kter'. Imellalen h'ur'ben Iserwen n Ustr'alya deg wakal-nsen, dgha maci ala kan d tamurt i bghan ad asen-tt-kksen, wanag ula d kar'uh, ker'hen-ten, yernu ulac tin ur sen-xdimen. Ma di Tasmanya, akken nnid'en. Di tegzirt-agi ibeâden ay yellan d yiwet si tmura tineggura akk i gher ara yawed' wemdan amellal, yezreâ deg-s axess'ar meqqren, akken ay t-yezreâ di Temrikt, asmi ay yessenger ach'al d taqbilt n Yihendiyen, akken ay t-yezreâ di Tefriqt taberkant i seg yella yettawi-d aklan akken ad ten-issexdem bat'el u s lbat'el deg wakal ibeâden ghef tmurt-nsen. Akka ihi ay irad wemdan amellal ad yezreâ nnger ula deg wakal aneggaru i gher ara yawed'. Imezdaghen n Tasmanya, xas di citt'ah' deg-sen ay llan, xedmen deg-sen Wur'ufiyen yiwen n lbat'el, werdjin t-gin deg wabâad' n yegduden nnid'en deg wemd'al (ddunit). Tidet n wayen ay sen-yed'ran, n wayen ay sen-xedmen Yimellalen, xas tettaqrah' alammi d ayen kan, xa! s llant deg-s tighawsiwin ur yezmir leâqel ad tent-yamen, d tighawsiwin yessexlaâen, ameskar (auteur) n wed'ris ay d awen-d-nefren ass-a, Mass Runoko Rashidi, yefren ad d-yessiwel tidet akken tella, akken ay tt-yufa deg umezruy. Ula d nekni nefren ad tt-id-nessiwel i wid ur tt-nez'ri ara akken tella, ad tt-id-nessuqel akken tt-nufa, xas akken ur nugh ara tanumi nettmeslay-d ghef tghawsiwin yessedhacen am tigi s tutlayt-nnegh tucbih't. Xas imezdaghen ines'liyen n Tasmanya negren, negrent tutlayin-nsen, negren wansayen-nsen, wwin yid-sen akk ayen sâan d tamusni, tidet, xas qessh'et, ad tt-id-nessiwel akken ad tt-issinen medden u ad d-teqqim di ccfawat n umezruy. Yugh lh'al, ula d nekni nesâa atmaten umi yed'ra wayen d asen-yed'ran i Yitasmaniyen : Imazighen n Tegzirin Tiknar'iyin ay snegren Spenyul, sakin, citt'-nni ay d-yeqqimen, yexdem akk udabu aspenyuli ayen umi yezmer akken ad ten-yemd'el nitni ddren. Tugh, at'as ara d-nelmed seg wemd'al-a, awi-d kan ad nkemmel assekfel. Afud igerrzen.]\nAt'as n medden, mi ara d asen-d-nebder isem n Tasmanya, ttmektayan-d aghersiw-nni (animal) aweh'ci itetten kulci, win umi qqaren "ccit'an n Tasmanya", ay yughalen mechur' deg wunughen iteddun (dessins animés) imarikaniyen. Di tidet, Tasmanya d yiwet n tegzirt ay yugaren kan s cwitt' Virginia Tagherbit [di Marikan, imi Tasmanya tesâa 67.000 km2] yernu tebâed 240 km ghef yiri n lebh'er' n wenz'ul agmud'an (sud-est) n Ustr'alya. Imezdaghen ines'liyen n tegzirt-a d iberkanen ay d-yusan gher din asmi ay d-mazal Tasmanya yeqqen-itt wakal akk d Ustr'alya, meh'sub werâad tughal d tigzirt. Iberkanen ines'liyen n Tasmanya llan sâan acebbub akertcettcay yernu llan deg-sen wid yesâan aglim d aberkan d wid yesâan aglim d aqehwi imalen gher tezwegh. Llan d iwezlanen citt'ah' yernu d ikenderracen (sâan citt' n tassemt di tfekka, wwin-d iman-nsen). D nitni ay d imezdaghen imenza akk n Tasmanya, yernu ma cwit', sâan 35000 n yiseggasen aya! kka seg wasmi ay bdan yimezwura-nsen a d-wwd'en gher din. Asmi iâedda zzman, yuli lebh'er' yernu ighumm tiqent'ert-nni n wakal ay yeqqnen Tasmanya gher Ustr'alya, dgha seg yimir-n ay qqimen yimezdaghen n Tasmanya ttwaâezlen ghef wemd'al azal n 10.000 n yiseggasen, yernu werdjin yelli wegdud ay yeddren i yiman-is anect-agi akk deg umezruy n yemdanen.\nNesh'issif at'as imi imezdaghen n Tasmanya ur d-ddjin ara amezruy yuran. Ur nez'ri ara amek ay llan ssawalen i yiman-nsen negh i tmurt-nsen. Ay gh-d-yeqqimen seg-sen ass-a ala kan d iceqfan mezz'iyen n yisallen, d ifettiten kan n yedrizen (traces) akk d wayen d-uran Wur'ufiyen ay yebdan ttawd'en-d gher tegzirt-a si 1642 d asawen.\nIberkanen di Tasmanya :\nIserwen n Tasmanya llan d imdanen yettidiren s ss'yada akk d welqad' n wayen i d-yettak wakal akk d ttcjur', yernu ttawil ay sseqdacen di tudert-nsen d ah'erfi imi Itasmaniyen llan xeddmen-d kan citt'ah' n wallalen (instruments) d ih'erfiyen s wez'ru akk d wesghar, yernu llan ur ssinen tafellah't wala takessawt, ur sâin afexxar wala tigenziwin (arcs) d tneccabin (flèches) ara sqedcen i ss'yada.\nD acu kan, iberkanen n Tasmanya llan d wid yesqeâden mlih' timetti-nsen (société), dgha llan ttidiren s yinim (coutume). Ghur-sen, argaz akk d tmett'ut d jjwadj ay ten-yesdukulen di tudert, dgha ttidiren akken di tmetti. Anect-a yezmer ad agh-yeddj ad nxemmem d akken d imawlan ay yettd'ebbiren deg-s, maca di tidet, ur nessin ara at'as n tghawsiwin ghef temsalt-a.\nGhef wakken nessen, argaz akk d tmett'ut mi ara jewdjen ghur-sen, ttghimin akken alamma s teghzi n tudert-nsen, yernu qlil kan sandi ay yettagh wergaz ghur-sen ugar n yiwet n tmett'ut. Igerdan-nsen llan ttabdaden-asen mlih' yernu ttaken-asen at'as n tayri. Ula d imgharen llan thellayen deg-sen di twacult yernu igerdan-nsen ttkemmilen tett'd'en seg uyefki n yemma-tsen ugar n wanect tett'd'en yigerdan Ur'ufiyen.\nBeddu n nnger n yiberkanen :\nAâzal-nni ay ttwaâezlen Yiserwen n Tasmanya ifuk di 1642, asmi ay d-wwd'en Wur'ufiyen imezwura gher tegzirt-agi. Abel Jansen Tasman, ahulandi-nni imsilel (navigateur) i ghef semman tigzirt-agi, yewwed'-d ghur-s di Dujember' n 1642. Tasman isemma-yas i tegzirt-agi Akal n Van Diemen, ghef yisem n Anthony Van Diemen, imd'ebber ameqqran n Tkebbanit Tahulandit di Lhend Tacerqit. Dgha seg yimir-n ay tughal tegzirt-agi ssawalen-as Akal n Van Diemen alammi d 1855.\nDeg wass n 5 Meghres, 1772, tewwed'-d yiwet n terbaât n Yefr'ensisen gher tegzirt-a, win yellan ghef uqerru-nsen isem-is Nicholas Marion Du Fresne. Di citt'ah' kan n sswayeâ, ssawd'en yewlalen-is (marins) ad nghen ach'al n Yiserwen n Tasmanya. Di 28 Yennayer, 1777, wwd'en-d Yebrit'aniyen gher tegzirt-a. Dgha di 1803, mbeâd ma rran yiwet n tama di Ustr'alya, Gal Tamaynut n Wenz'ul (Nouvelle-Galles du Sud) d tama i gher neffun imeh'bas n tmurt-nsen akken ad ten-qasen, rnan ula d Tasmanya rran-tt akkenni.\nImeh'bas-nni yer'wan lh'if ughalen ula d nitni weâr'en maci d kra. Gher tama n yiserdasen, inedbalen (administrateurs) akk d yemseghdaden (missionnaires), ugar n 65.000 n yergazen akk d tilawin, d imeh'bas akk d tmeh'bas, ay d-wwin si Legliz gher Tasmanya. D acu kan, imi di tkurmutin-nni (leh'bas) i gher ay ten-id-wwin ur teqwi ara tâessast, llan ttaddjan imeh'bas-nni ad rewlen gher lexlawi n Tasmanya, dgha d anect-nni ay yeddjan imdanen-agi ifuden idammen ad d-ssuffghen tiqqid't n wefwad-nsen deg yimezdaghen iberkanen n tegzirt-agi. Ghef leh'sab n unmezray (historien) n tmetti, Clive Turnbull, imenghayen-agi (criminels) llan "neqqen Iserwen n Tasmanya s rrs'as', am wakken ay llan ttfelliqen-asen iqerray-nsen, sserghayen-ten d imuddiren yernu ttqeddiren-ten akken ad ten-fken d aksum i yid'an".\nCcwat'en n Tasmanya igan amzun d imdanen :\nSi 1804 d asawen, bdan Yebrit'aniyen a neqqen iberkanen n Tasmanya d tirni negh a ten-ttakren akken ad ten-rren d aklan. Ula d anabad' (gouvernement) abrit'ani s timmad-is ur yebghi ara ad iwali Itasmaniyen ines'liyen d imdanen n tidet, yernu imassanen bdan, di tallit-nni, a ttmeslayen d akken tagherma (civilisation) ts'eggmen imdanen d iswiren (niveaux), dgha, di lweqt i deg d Imellalen ay yellan ghef taqacuct n tgherma, iberkanen amkan-nsen d win yellan ukessar akk. Ur'ufiyen n Tasmanya llan ttwalin iberkanen d tighawsiwin is'elh'en kan akken ad tent-sqedcen i les'lah'-nsen s wacemma n rr'eh'ma --dgha lbat'el i d-yed'ran yid-sen d ayen ur yezmir ad t-ixayel wabâad' d akken zemren ad t-xedmen yemdanen i wiyad'. Dgha yenna-d deg wanect-a yiwen n uselmad di UCLA*, Jared Diamond : "Akken ad d-s'eggden Itasmaniyen, llan [Wur'ufiyen] ttazzalen deffir-nsen s yegmaren (iâewdiwen) akken ad ten-nghen s rrs'as', ttandin-asen ticr'ektin (tifexxtin) akken ad ten-tt'fent, yernu srusuyen-asen lfar'ina n ssem anda ay zemren ad tt-afen u ad tt-ttcen. Imeksawen llan teddzen (castrer) irgazen Itasmaniyen, sakin berrun-asen ad azzlen akken ad ten-walin mi ara mmten citt'ah' mebâid. Ma deg yiwet n tighilt, qqaren-as Mount Victory, imennekcamen nghan 30 n Yitasmaniyen yernu d'eggren tifekkiwin-nsen d takessart. Yiwwas, yiwet n terbaât n yemsulta (policiers) nghan 70 n Yitasmaniyen yernu fellqen-asen iqerray-nsen i yigerdan-nni i d-yeqqimen". [*UCLA : University of California, Los Angeles]\nTighawsiwin-agi icemten, tiweh'ciyin ay llan xeddmen-tent yimennekcamen imellalen deg Yitasmaniyen maci yiwwas, maci sin ay d-d'rant wanag d anect-a ay yellan id'erru-d yal ass. Yernu xas akken imellalen raâen, ttcan ddunit deg wayen xeddmen mgal n yiberkanen, qlil kan sandi ay ttqasan amellal ghef lbat'el ara yesâeddi deg uberkan. Ghef umedya, h'kan-d d akken yiwwas yettwah'bek (fouetter) yiwen n wergaz imi ay d-yessken imezz'ughen akk d yeh'ricen nnid'en n tfekka n yiwen n weqdic aberkan ay iâeyyeb netta yedder. Ma d yiwen n Ur'ufi nnid'en, yettuweddeb (punir) imi ay s-yegzem tad'ad'ect-is i yiwen n Wesrew yernu yerra-tt d tas'effayt i ddexxan-yines. Dgha lqanun yenna-d d akken "win ara yeqqnen tamett'ut tatasmanit gher ttcejr'a u ad tt-yessergh s usaghur negh win ara ih'ettmen tamett'ut tatasmanit ad tâelleq aqerru n wergaz-is yettwanghan" ad t-h'ebken xemsa d âecrin n yiberdan.\nD acu kan, wedjin yettuweddeb ula d yiwen n Wur'ufi ghef tmenghiwt n Yiserwen n Tasmanya. Ur'ufiyen ur llin tth'ulfun i wacemma mi ara qqnen argaz aberkan gher ttcejr'a yernu ad t-sqedcen akken ad lemden deg-s tiyita n rrs'as'. Ma d tilawin tiberkanin llan ttakren-tent, ttarzen-tent yernu sseqdacen-tent d taklatin. Imeh'bas imellalen rran ss'yada n yiberkanen d addal, dgha neqqen-ten s rrs'as' negh s yimeggiten (lances), am wakken ay llan kkaten irgazen-nsen s yiâekzan alamma mmuten, sâettiben tilawin yernu tekksen fell-asent sser, yernu sserghayen igerdan imez'yanen n yiberkanen nitni d imuddiren. Deg wanect-a, yura-d wenmezray James Morris : "Nesla s yigerdan yettwakren, rran-ten amzun d ighersiwen n wexxam negh d iqeddacen, nesla s tilawin yettwarzen am yighersiwen deg yexxamen n yimeksawen, akk d yergazen ay teddzen (castrer) akken ad ten-sbeâden ghef tilawin-nsen. Deg yiwet n tuffgha n ss'yada, sebâin n Yiserwen ay yettwanghan, irgazen-nsen nghan-ten s rrs'as', ma d tilawin akk d yigerdan d'eggren-ten s ighezran akken ad d-ghlin ghef yez'ra u ad fellqen yiqerray-nsen. Yiwen n wergaz umi qqaren Carrotts, yella yebgha ad yawi yiwet n tmett'ut tasrewt, dgha yegzem-as aqerru-yis i wergaz-is, iâelleq-as aqerru-yis i tmett'ut-nni yernu yewwi-tt gher tzeqqa-yines (cabane)".\nAmgaru* n Yiberkanen\n"Amgaru n Yiberkanen n Wakal n Van Diemen", akka ay s-semman i lh'emla-nni tamens'abt (officielle) n rrebrab ay iga udabu abrit'ani mgal n Yiberkanen n Tasmanya. Ger n 1803 d 1830, mbeâd ma llan wazal n 5000 n yimezdaghen ines'liyen di tegzirt n Tasmanya, ughalen qqimen-d kan qell n 75. Deg yiwen n umagrad ay d-yeffghen deg wass n 1 Dujember 1826, yenna-d weghmis n Tasmanian Colonial Times : "Maci maci s tin n lxir i lmend n yemdanen-agi akk d zzux ara d-nini awal-agi, maca ilaq ghef unabad' (gouvernement) ad ikkes ines'liyen-agi [ad ten-yeffer negh ad ten-yenfu], neghmulac ad ughalen ad ten-tts'eggiden am yighersiwen iweh'ciyen yernu ad ten-snegren".\nAsmi ay d-sbedden asad'uf aserdasi (loi martiale) di Nwember' 1828, yettunefk-asen ttesrih' i yimellalen ad neqqen iberkanen anda ma walan-ten. Xas ma yella iberkanen nnughen am yizmawen, idebbuzen-nni-nsen n wesghar akk d yiâekzan-nni-nsen imesden (iqed'âen) ur zmiren ad qablen yis-sen lbar'ud, lqella n rr'ehma akk d taghert n tasa (cruauté) ay sâeddan fell-asen Wur'ufiyen.\nDgha imir-n, adabu yughal yettak ula d idrimen i s kra n win ara "d-yett'fen aberkan", akken llan qqaren, yernu ur iâett'el ara wanect-a yughal d ssuq ameqqran; yal asrew ameqqran ara d-yettwatt'en, ad yagh fell-as bab-is 5 n yipounden (livres), di lweqt i deg ma yett'ef-d agrud, ad yagh fell-as 2 n yipounden. Mbeâd ma ixemmem udabu ghef temsal ay d-d'ebbren fell-as, tid yerzan tutt'fa n Yiserwen i lmend n uzzenzi-nsen akken ad ilin d aklan, tin n tmenghiwt-nsen s ssem negh n tutt'fa-nsen s tecr'ektin akk d tin n us'egged-nsen s yid'an, ikemmel yettak idrimen i tutt'fa-nsen yernu yughal yesseqdac ula d tamsulta (police) i lmend n wanect-a.\nAsmi ay yekfa Wemgaru n Yiberkanen, ur d-mazal ara adabu yettwali-ten d amihi (danger) maca, akken ad yawi cciâa, ikemmel udabu yettwali-ten d imesfesden yernu d imcewwlen n tmurt. Dgha yughal yettnadi ad d-yesnejmeâ akk iberkanen, zun s tin n rr'eh'ma yernu di les'lah'-nsen akken ad ten-yerr gher yegriren n wesnejmeâ (camps de consentration) i deg ara ten-yeh'bes.\nDi 1830, George Augustus Robinson, ay yellan d amseghdad (missionnaire) amsih'i, sxedmen-t akken ad d-yejmeâ akk iberkanen Itasmaniyen ay d-yeqqimen di tegzirt u ad ten-yawi gher tegzirt n Flinders, ay ibeâden azal n 40 km ghef Tasmanya. At'as seg wid ay d-yett'ef Robinson mmuten mi teddun deg webrid. Di 1843, ala kan xemsin ay d-yeqqimen. Dgha yura-d Jared Diamond ghef wanect-a, yenna-d :"Di tegzirt n Flinders, Robinson yella yeâzem ad isseghrem (civiliser) u ad yessemseh' (christianiser) wid-n akken i d-yeqqimen ddren. Amkan-nni i deg zedghen d amkan yetth'az wad'u, xuss'en deg-s waman iz'idanen yernu llan lehh'un-asen din i Yiserwen amzun d imeh'bas. Igerdan sbeâden-ten ghef yimawlan-nsen akken ad ssisehlen asseghrem-nsen. Ma d ahil-nsen (programme) n wass yecba win n yiserdasen, llan qqaren deg-s Adlis Imqeddes (Bible), lemmden ad dekkren yernu ttqaraâen-ten ghef uzzizdeg akk d ussemsawi n wusuten-nsen akk d tghawsiwin i yes tetten.\nD acu kan, uttci-nni ay sen-ttaken di tkurmut (lh'ebs) ixuss' yernu yessed'âef-iten, yernu mi sen-ikemmel watt'an, at'as deg-sen ay yemmuten. Ala kan citt'ah' n llufanat ay imenâen ugar n kra n ledwar'. Anabad' (gouvernement) yessenqes idrimen ay yetts'errif fell-asen imi ay yed'meâ ad iwali akk ines'liyen-nni mmuten. Di 1869, ala kan d Truganini, yiwet n tmett'ut nnid'en akk d yiwen n wergaz ay d-yeqqimen ddren".\nItasmaniyen ineggura :\nAsmi ay neqsen s wat'as Yiserwen n Tasmanya, bdan Yimellalen ad ttmuqulen ghur-sen s tmughli nnid'en, d tin yeffghen i tnumi, imi ay llan ttxemmimen d akken iberkanen-agi "d assagh (lien) ger n yemdanen akk d yebkan". Di 1859, adlis n Charles Darwin, "Ghef Las'el n Tlemsin" (De l'Origine des Espèces) takti n temhezt tasnudrant (évolution biologique) akk d tin n temhezt n tmetti n yemdanen d takti mechur'en i deg Imellalen d nitni ay yellan ghef tqacuct n temhezt, d nitni ay yennernan yernu ifen akk imdanen, di lweqt i deg Iberkanen atni di lqaâa n teskala (échelle).\nDgha ughalen ttwalin d akken Iserwen d tarbaât kan n medden "ay terra tmara ad negren imi akka ay iteddu usad'uf n ugama (loi de la nature), akken ay yenger ududu (dodo [d yiwen n wegd'id' yettidiren zik di tegzirt n Maurice] negh akken yenger udinuzur'". Di tallit-nni digh ay d-tesbedd Marikan yiwen n usad'uf i deg d-teqqar d akken argaz aberkan ur yesâi ara akk izerfan ara iqader wergaz amellal.\nWilliam Lanney, ay llan ttlaqaben-t s yisem n King Billy, d netta ay d argaz Atasmani aneggaru akk ay yesâan idammen yes'fan. Ilul-d di 1835 yernu yekker-d di tegzirt n Flinders. Asmi ay yesâa tlett'ac n yiseggasen, Lanney wwin-t s netta s wid ay d-yeqqimen seg wegdud-is gher yiwen n wegrir n wesnejmeâ umi qqaren Oyster Cove. Taggara, yughal d awlal (marin) yernu kra n yiseggasen sakin, ir'uh' ad is'egged tizmekt (baleine). Imi d netta ay d argaz aneggaru akk n Tasmanya, Lanney llan ttwalin-t d adriz (trace) yeddren seg wegdud-is. Di Yennayer n 1860, qeddmen-t-id i Ugeldun Albert. Di Fur'ar' n 1868, yughal-d d amud'in seg yiwen n yinig i deg yeffegh akken ad d-is'egged tizmekt, dgha deg wass n 2 Meghres 1868, yemmut di texxamt-is, di ttberna n Dog and Partridge, di temdint n Hobart, di Tasmanya.\nLanney i yes llan ttihin asmi yella yedder, yughal asmi yemmut d taghawsa i yeghlayen am ddheb. Ula mi akken yella di sbit'ar ahersan (colonial), ma cwit', sin n yemdanen ay yellan âewwlen akken ad awin ighsan-is yernu nnan-d d akken bghan ad gen aya di les'lah' n Tiddukla Tageldant n Tasmanya (Royal Society of Tasmanya) [i lmend n tussna]. Deg wass n 6 Meghres 1868, ass i deg ara yemd'el, ger n xemsin akk d settin n yimezdaghen ay d-yennejmaên gher sbit'ar, ttnadin ad z'ren Lanney.\nYebda a ilehh'u wawal ger medden d akken tafekka-yines tewagzem, dgha akken ad asen-qed'âen ccek i wid ay d-yusan ad run fell-as, ldin as'enduq i deg t-rran yernu sseknen-t-id i medden, ulac d acu i s-yed'ran. Mi t-walan wid ay t-iwalan, ghelqen as'enduq-nni yernu sekr'en-t. D acu kan, nnan-d d akken deg yid'-nni kan yekcem yiwen n umejjay gher texxamt-nni n lmegget n sbit'ar i deg ssersen Lanney yernu yuza-yas aqurru-yis i wagi akken ad as-d-ikkes aqecrur-is (crâne).\nDgha i wakken ur d-yettban wacu i s-yettwaxedmen, nnan-d d akken uzan aqerru n yiwen n umud'in nnid'en ay yemmuten ass-nni kan di sbit'ar-nni, kksen-as-d ula d netta aqecrur-is yernu rran-as i Lanney. Imaslad'en (membres) n Royal Society "rfan mlih'" imi ay ten-zwaren deg wanect-a, dgha, imi ay s-nnan d akken tukerd'a n tfekka n Lanney d ayen i ghef ara bnun, âezmen ad as-kksen i Lanney s kra n wayen akk ay izemren ad yesâu azal u ad yettwaker si tfekka-s, dgha ula d nitni gezmen-as ifassen-is akk d yid'arren-is. Yugh lh'al, akken ughen tanumi di Tasmanya, yiwen ur yettuweddeb ghef wanect-a yernu akka ay d-tella tgara n William Lanney, argaz aberkan aneggaru akk n Tasmanya.\nTagellidt* Truganini : Tatasmanit taneggarut\n[Truganini ur telli ara d tagellidt wanag d tamett'ut kan tatasmanit n menwala, d acu kan, imi d nettat ay d tamett'ut taneggarut n wegdud-is, zun semman-as "tagellidt", akken digh ay d as-semman "agellid i Lanney, akken ad ttihin fell-as]"\nUla d yiwwas ahat ur d-ted'ri tedyant deg umezruy i deg ccetla n yemdanen s lekmal-is ad tt-snegren di xemsa d sebâin kan n yiseggasen. Maca d tagi ay d tadyant n tidet ay d-yed'ran d Yiserwen n Tasmanya, xlan-ten wid ay d-yusan ad asen-kksen tamurt-nsen s wamek ay ttidiren, am wakken ay ten-snegren s ccer' yellan deg wulawen-nsen ... Ala kan d tih'er'ci-nsen akk d leslah'-nsen amezwar (primitif) ay llan sâan-t akken ad qablen yis-s aâdaw yesâan lemwas akk d lbar'ud. Di 1876, aneggaru deg-sen yemmut, dgha akka ay yenger wegdud s lekmal-is". --Clive Turnbull.\nDeg wass n 7 Meghres 1876, Truganini ay yellan d amdan aneggaru yesâan idammen yes'fan n yiberkanen n Tasmanya, temmut, tlata d sebâin n yiseggasen ay tella tesâa di leâmer'-is [wiyad' qqaren-d tesâa 64]. Yemma-s d Ur'ufiyen ay tt-yenghan s lmus. Weltma-s, ukren-tt Wur'ufiyen. Argaz-nni ara tt-yaghen naqal, sgherqen-t Wur'ufiyen nettat teh'der', yernu wid-n akken ay t-yenghan kksen fell-as sser ula d nettat.\nNezmer ad d-nini d akken tiwugha qerrih'en ay ih'uzan Truganini s timmad-is d tid ay d-yesskanayen tawaghit yewwten akk Iberkanen n Tasmanya s umata. D nettat ay d taneggarut akk deg-sen. Mi akken tella tesred ghef wusu n lmut, tessuter seg umejjay, tenna-yas : "Ur ten-ttaddja ara ad iyi-gezmen". D acu kan, mbeâd ma med'len-tt, skeflen-d tafekka-yines yernu ighsan-is, âellqen-ten s yilez'wi, rran-ten deg yiwen n us'enduq yernu ssersen-tt deg usalay (musée) n Tasmanya i deg tughal d yiwet si tghawsiwin ay d-ijebbden akk medden dinna alammi d 1947. Di tgara, di 1976, asmi yewwed' lqern seg wasmi ay temmut, xas akken yugi usalay, ighsan-is sserghen-ten yernu ighighden-ines zzuzren-ten di lebh'er'.\nTawaghit ay d-yed'ran d yiberkanen iserwen n Tasmanya, xas akka tettaqrah' mi ara tt-id-nessiwel, d tadyant ay yuklalen ad tt-id-nini. D acu n temsirt (dder's) ara d-nelmed si nnger n Yitasmaniyen ? Tudert akk d tmattant n Truganini tesskanay-d akken ilaq assaghen (relations) yellan ger n Yimellalen d Yiberkanen di Tasmanya negh digh s umata, assaghen yellan ger n Yiberkanen d Yimellalen deg wemd'al s lekmal-is. Ger n 1803 akk d 1876, snegren akk iberkanen Iserwen n Tasmanya, dgha ulac tin ur nâedda ara fell-asen, jeggh'en-ten, kksen fell-asen sser yernu, d ayen ibanen, nghan-ten d tirni. Dgha mi ara nwali gher umezruy yettcur'en d ttbut ghef tmenghiwt n yiberkanen, lqella n rr'eh'ma, ledjhel akk d lbat'el meqqren ay sâeddan Wur'ufiyen fell-asen ama di Tasmanya, ama deg wemd'al s umata, nezmer ad d-nini d akken di tidet, maci d aghersiw-nni itetten kulci deg wunughen iteddun (déssin animé) n Marika ay d ccit'an, wanag d Imellalen-nni imennekcamen ay d ccwat'en n tidet n Tasmanya.\nIserwen n Tasmanya ass-a : wid ay imenâen i usenger\nAmagrad-agi (article) ay teghram urigh-t di tizi n 1997 yernu yella-d d ah'ric seg yiwen n umazrar n yimagraden ay d-gigh akken ad d-jebdegh lwelha n medden gher wayen iâeddan zik d wayen yettâeddin ass-a, amezruy akk d wemkan ay sâan ass-a Yiberkanen deg wemd'al merr'a. Dgha deg wanect-a, ttwaligh-t d amagrad igerrzen mlih'. D acu kan, ilaq ad d-gregh tamawt d akken amagrad-agi urigh-t uqbel ma rzigh i tikkelt tamenzut gher Ustr'alya. Simmal yettâeddi lweqt, simmal ttwaligh d akken inig (voyage) d tarmit (expérience) igerrzen ay d-yesselmaden lumur', yernu mi ara tettiniged' tikwal, tzemred' ad d-tissined' tighawsiwin ur tettafed' ara dima deg yedlisen.\nDi Nwember' n 1998, âerd'en-iyi-d akken ad d-mmeslayegh deg Usarag Amad'lan n Yegduden Iserwen (Conférence Mondiale des Peuples Indigènes) n Toowomba, di Queensland, di Ustr'alya. Mi akken lligh ihi dinna, is'ah'-iyi-d ad d-rzugh ghef wat'as n yemd'iqen, gar-asen tlata seg Yiwunak (Etats) n Ustr'alya. Dgha d tikkelt tamenzut di tudert-iw i deg ara mmeslayegh akk d Yiserwen Ustr'aliyen. Asarag-nni s timmad-is yella-d d taghawsa igerrzen, d taghawsa ifazen s tidet yernu d yiwet si termitin (expériences) timeqqranin akk di tudert-iw.\nMaca uqbel ma yebda-d usarag-nni, xelâegh mi d-mlalegh i tikkelt tamenzut yiwen n wergaz d aberkan si Tasmanya ! Isem-is Errol West yernu d aselmad di Tesdawit n wenz'ul (sud) n Queensland. Yugh lh'al, aselmad West (ay yellan d amassan ameqqran u d amedyaz-poète ifazen) myussanegh yid-s dindin kan yernu nughal d imeddukal n lâali.\nYella-d wesqerdec meqqren wagar-anegh yernu ughalegh fehmegh d akken, zighmana, ala kan d iberkanen yesâan idammen yes'fan ay inegren wanag mazal llan Yiberkanen [umi xeld'en yidammen akk d Yimellalen] ay yettidiren di Tasmanya ass-a. Dgha yed'ha-d d akken anect-a ixulef mlih' ayen d-uran yimura imeqqranen ghef temsalt n nnger n Yitasmaniyen. Nnig waya, Aselmad West yefka-yi-d tugna (image) nnid'en n Truganini, ay ixulfen mlih' tin akken ssnegh.\nInig-yinu gher Ustr'alya yeddja-yi ad xemmegh ghef wat'as n tghawsiwin umi ay ilaq ad âiwdegh tamughli. Tment'ac n wagguren sakin, ughalegh gher Ustr'alya yernu ssnegh-d ugar n tghawsiwin ghef tmurt-agi icebh'en, dgha lemdegh-d ugar n tghawsiwin ghef umezruy akk d wamek ay ttidiren ass-a yemdanen ines'liyen n dinna.\nYugh lh'al, almad ur yeh'bis ara, wanag tt'fegh-d digh, ach'al n wagguren aya, kra n tebratin tiliktr'unanin (e-mail) sghur n yiwet n weltma-tnegh si Tasmanya, tesnemmer-iyi at'as ghef umagrad-agi yernu tga-yi ifadden akken ad kemmlegh u tenna-yi-d d akken ula i agadegh imi Iberkanen di Tasmanya "mazal-iten ddren yernu mazal-iten ttnaghen ghef yizerfan-nsen u ttnaghen digh akken ad ten-id-yughal wemkan ay uklalen di tmurt-nsen, ad ssetâer'fen yis-sen d imezdaghen iserwen". Tugh, mazal yettkemmil welmad.\n* Runoko Rashidi d anmezray (historien), d amsarag (conférencier) d amaru yesâan tayri meqqren i Tefriqt.\nOmar MOUFFOK d Belqasem CHELOUCHE\nI tmerniwt n yisallen, rzut s amd'iq-agi :http://www.africawithin.com/\n<<< Qqel γer Ụṭ̣̣ṭ̣un 10 Ddu γer Ụṭ̣̣ṭ̣un 12 >>>


Q=9	C=4	SS=0	LS=0	PS=4	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=1	G0=15	G1=9	G2=6	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Xmi Azlawi ittegg°ej x turjiwin-nnes | Le RIFAIN\nXmi Azlawi ittegg°ej x turjiwin-nnes\nVictor Brauner (1937)\nCa n merrat ittawi-ayi-d Rebbi ila bnadem itteddren di Lmuɣrib niɣ timura i dags-irewsen ixess-as ad yurja aṭṭas. Bnadem maḥend ad yenjem zi tubberwiyt-a d tubberkent-a i di nella, ixess-as ad yurja, ad yurja Tadimukratit, tilelli, ad issers leɛwin di tarut-nnes.\nIzlawiyen d imariten d yenni ttuɣa itturjan aṭṭas. Isuryaliyen di Fransa bedden-as i ssistim ampiryali d iɣes n tmijja. Ad tettafed André Breton d netta ittari deg isiwaḍ di lbiran n Paris, ittemsazzal kunṭra ijjen ssistim iḥerri bnadem, ssistim-nnes. Izlawiyen d imariten ibedden deg wudem i Tfacit deg Iṭaliya, i Tnazit deg Uliman.\nMachado immuten zegga yiwweḍ ɣer ijjen ubilaj x iymiren jar Fransa d Spaniya, d netta irekk°el zi Franku, Franku Afacisti. Hernandez yuran tiqessisin zi leḥbes-nnes ar mani ig immut, Lorca i zzuɣaren ɣer ijjen wemkan wer t-nessin, qeḍwen-as filu n buḥbel. Wer nessin la d amḍel-nnes ad x-as nessers nnwac d neccin nttraḥ ad nẓur, Granda, Granada-nnes.\nRaḥ x-as amenni aked Pablo Neruda d netta iwesseq x Iɛeskriyen n Pinochet i d-yusin ɣer taddart-nnes. Aked Nazim Ḥikmet Aturki, i yessnen leḥbusat n Turkiyya ijjen ijjen, isseɛda tudert-nnes d netta d aḍlib, d ametluɛ zi tmurt ɣer tenniḍen d netta ikessi akid-s tumezt n ucal n Turkiyya d waṭṭas n turjiwin. Aked Dustyuvski, i yewwyen ɣer Sibirya maḥend ad ssizzɣen iḍuḍan-nnes i daneɣ-isqasen s tcuni.\nNetturja aked Meḥmud Derwic, aked Aḥmed Maṭar d ubarru n izlawiyen i ybedden deg wudem n ssistim-nnsen. Rezzun ad idder wegdud-nnsen di tilelli. Neqqar-as imesɛi mli wer itturji tili immut, Azlawi la d netta mli wer itturji tili yedwel am netta am ḥedd nniḍen.\nizlawiyen iderrɛen i Tmarksit, Tcuyuɛit, Tasuryalit, Tarumansit.. Maɣer ? Minzi tturjan bnadem. Rezzun ad d-rren i bnadem tabenadmit-nnes. Ad kid-s bedden, ad as-wcen lḥeqq-nnes. S uya, ay aytma, itteqqes uzellif, xmi i nettaf ca n ijjen, nḥesseb-it x jjmaɛet n yen itturjan, ad isettef ixef-nnes di jjihet nneɣni.\nAmek qqaren Irifiyen a beɛda ini lḥeqq di baba-k trewwḥed ɣer-s.


Q=3	C=0	SS=0	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=3	SD=0	BS=0	G0=22	G1=15	G2=7	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY= Acts 1 Kabyle: NT\nBible > Kabyle: NT > Acts 1\n1A Tawfilus, di tektabt-inu tamezwarut, ḥkiɣ-ed ayen ixdem Sidna Ɛisa d wayen yesselmed seg wass amezwaru armi d ass i deg yețwarfed ɣer igenni. 2Uqbel ad ițwarfed, yefka lumuṛat-is s Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen i wid i gextaṛ ad ilin d ṛṛusul. 3Mi d-iḥya si ger lmegtin, i nutni daɣen iwumi i d-isban iman-is belli yedder ; ṛebɛin wussan nețța ițban asen-d yerna ițmeslay-asen-d ɣef wayen yeɛnan tagelda n Sidi Ṛebbi. 4Yiwen wass, mi gella itețț yid-sen, yefka-yasen lameṛ-agi : Ur țeffɣet ara si temdint n Lquds, lameɛna eṛǧut lemɛahda n Baba Ṛebbi, tin akken i wen-d nniɣ ; 5« Yeḥya isseɣḍas imdanen deg aman, ma d kunwi, di kra n wussan aț-țețwaɣeḍsem s Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen.»\n6Mi llan ṛṛusul nnejmaɛen yid-es, steqsan-t : A Sidi, deg ussan-agi ara d terreḍ tageldit i wegdud n wat Isṛail ? 7Yerra-yasen : Ur țnadit ara aț-țeẓrem ayen yeɛnan lewqat d wussan i ghegga Baba Ṛebbi s lḥekma-ines si zik, ayagi mačči d ccɣel-nwen. 8Kunwi a wen-d-tețțunefk tezmert n Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen ara d-yersen fell-awen, imiren aț-țilim d inigan-iw di temdint n Lquds, di tmurt n Yahuda ț-țmurt n Samarya, aț-țawḍem alamma d ixfawen n ddunit.\n9Akken i d-yenna imeslayen-agi, Sidna Ɛisa yețwarfed ɣer igenni nutni țmuqulen deg-s armi i t-tɣumm tagut. 10Mazal ṛeṣṣan allen-nsen deg-s ɣer tegnaw, mi sen-d-dehṛen sin yergazen s llebsa tamellalt, nnan-asen : 11Ay imezdaɣ n tmurt n Jlili, acuɣeṛ mazal-ikkun tețmuqqulem ɣer tegnaw ? Akken i twalam Sidna Ɛisa yuli ɣer igenni, akken daɣen ara t-twalim asmi ara d-yuɣal.\n12Seg iɣil uzemmur, uɣalen ɣer temdint n Lquds ibeɛden azal n tikli n wass n westeɛfu. 13Mi wwḍen ɣer temdint n Lquds, ulin ɣer texxamt anda nnumen țnejmaɛen. Yella gar-asen Buṭrus, Yuḥenna, Yeɛqub, Andriyus, Filibas, Suma, Bartelmay, Matta, Yeɛqub mmi-s n Ḥalfi, Semɛun awaṭani akk-d Yahuda mmi-s n Yeɛqub. 14Țnejmaɛen s yiwen n ṛṛay iwakken ad deɛɛun ɣer Sidi Ṛebbi nutni d kra n tlawin, llan yid-sen daɣen watmaten n Sidna Ɛisa akk-d yemma-s, Meryem.\n15Deg ussan-nni, llan nnejmaɛen azal n meyya uɛecrin n wayetmaten, yekker-ed Buṭrus gar-asen, yenna-d : 16Ay atmaten, ilaq a d-yedṛu wayen i d-yenna Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen si zik seg yimi n Sidna Dawed, ɣef wayen yeɛnan Yudas i d-yezwaren zdat n wid i geṭṭfen Sidna Ɛisa. 17Yudas-agi yella d yiwen seg neɣ, yerna ițekki di leqdic-nneɣ ɣef Sidi Ṛebbi. 18Argaz-agi yuɣ akal s yedrimen-nni n lexdeɛ, yuɣal yeɣli ɣef wudem, ifelleq uɛebbuḍ-is, mmaren-d akk ijuɣdan-is. 19Imezdaɣ n temdint n Lquds slan akk s wannect-agi, daymi i semman i wemkan-nni s tmeslayt-nsen : Ḥaqel damma , yeɛni iger n idammen.\n20Am akken yura di tektabt n Sabur : Axxam-is ad yexlu, ur t-izeddeɣ yiwen. Yura daɣen : Wayeḍ ad yeṭṭef amkan-is.\n21Ilaq-aɣ ihi a d-nextiṛ yiwen seg wid yellan yid-nneɣ mi nțeddu d Sidna Ɛisa di mkul amkan, 22seg wasmi i t-isseɣḍes Yeḥya aɣeṭṭas armi d ass i deg yețwarfed ɣer igenni ; iwakken ad yili am nukkni d inigi n ḥeggu-ines. 23Sbedden-d sin yergazen : Yusef yețțusemman Barsaba iwumi qqaṛen daɣen « Aḥeqqi » akk-d Matyas. 24Dɛan ɣer Sidi Ṛebbi s imeslayen agi : A Sidi Ṛebbi, kečč yesnen ulawen n yemdanen meṛṛa, sbeggen aɣ-ed anwa deg-sen i gwulmen 25iwakken ad iṭṭef amkan di lecɣal n ṛṛusul i ɣef yeṭṭaxeṛ Yudas, imi nețța iṛuḥ ɣer wemkan i s-ilaqen. 26Gren tasɣaṛt, tṣaḥ-ed i Matyas ; dɣa rnan-t-id ɣer ḥdac-nni n ṛṛusul.


Q=15	C=11	SS=1	LS=1	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=6	G0=26	G1=17	G2=7	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Conte Kabyle: Tamacahut N mḤend uccen/L’histoire de m’hend le chacal (Kabyle & Français) – Irrij.com Tout sur la Kabylie\nSep 14, 2015\tComments Sofiane H.\t214 Views\nTamacahut n Mḥend uccen\nTagi d tamacahut n Mḥend uccen. Ihi yiwen wass yella iteddu d wevrid is, yesṭerwis di teẓgi dacu ara yaf ad t yečč. Cwiṭ am acemma iwala yiwen yesɣi d warraw is di lɛec n sen, yersen ɣef yixef n ttejṛa.\nIhi yerfed aqerru yis yenna yas i yesγi nni: « Ad iyi d ḍeggreḍ yiwen deg warraw ik, neɣ a d naliɣ ad kwen eččaɣ irkweli.Isɣi nni yevda yettergigi, yuggad ɣef arraw is, maca yegguma ad as yaɣ awal.\nIhi Mḥend uccen yerra iman is yerfa, iɛawed yenna yas:\n« A y amcum, ad i yi d ḍeggereḍ yiwen deg warraw im, neɣ ad n aliɣ ad kwen eččaɣ akken ma tellam ».\nIhi isɣi nni yuggad γef warraw is, iḍegger as d yiwen degsen. Isi t id yeṭṭef irefd it yenna yas i yesɣi nni : » Ur taggwad, ad tawiɣ kan akken ad as slemdeɣ tiṣurtin n ddin ineslem akw ad as iselmed taɛravt.\nAzekka nni hatan yuɣal d, yeqqim ddaw ttejṛa yeqqar as i yesɣi nni :\n« Ad i yi d tḍeggreḍ yiwen deg warraw ik, neγ ad n aliγ, ad kwen eččaγ irekkweli ».\nXas akken yuggad it, maca yumen it ladγa iḍegger as d yiwen deg warraw is.\nAkken akenni yal avrid mara d yas Mḥend uccen ad as d iḍeggeṛ yiwen deg warraw is, armi s d yeqqim yiwen d aneggaru.\nAkken d tameddit n wass yevda yetṛu, ar yettlumu deg yiman is, yeqqar :\n« I tura, amek ara xedmeɣ, azekka ad d yuɣal Mḥend uccen ad aɣ yečč irkweli » .\nCwiṭ am acemma atan iεedda d wewtul n lexla, akken i t iwala yetru, yekker yenna yas:\n« Dacu akka i k yuɣen a gma isγi, ayen tetruḍ? Isɣi yeḥka yas id ayen yeḍran yid s, awtul nni n lexla imuqel it yenna yas:\n« A y aɛeggun, a y ungif, ikkelx ik, anda akka i teẓriḍ uccen yettalin γef ttejṛa! Aha tura sefḍ imeṭṭawen ik, ad k weṣiγ dacu ara s tiniḍ azekka mara d yuγal.\nAzekka mara k d yini « deggeṛ iyi d yiwen deg warraw ik, neɣ ad n aliɣ ad kwen eččeɣ akken ma tellam » ini yas: « Ali d ma tzemreḍ ad d taliḍ ». Maca eṭṭef kan deg wawal ik.γur k ad taggwadeḍ.\nAzekka nni cwiṭ am acemma atan yewweḍ d Mḥend uccen, isers iman is ddaw ttejṛa, yevda yecennu: « Ad i yi d tḍeggreḍ yiwen deg warraw ik, neɣ ad n aliγ, ad kwen eččaɣ irekweli »\nIhi isɣi nni yerra yas id : » Ali d ma tzemreḍ ad d taliḍ » . Yekker Mḥend uccen yenna yas : « Ay amcum, ad jelveγ, ad n aliɣ, ad kwen eččaγ irkweli ».\nXas akken yugga d it, isγi nni yemekta d ayen i s yenna wewtul n lexla , yerra yas id: » Ali d ma tzemreḍ ad d taliḍ. »\nIhi Mḥend uccen iwexeṛ iman is ɣer deffir ijelev yeɣli d ɣer lqaεa! Iɛawed avrid wi ssin, ijelev yeɣli d ɣer lqaɛa!\nYuγal akken iwala isɣi yeṭṭef deg wawal is, yeṭṭef avrid is iṛuḥ ad isṭerwes anda nniḍen.\nEzrin akken kra n wussan, yuɣal yesɣi nni amcum yevda icedha arraw, yevɣa ad ten iẓeṛ.\nMi d tameddit n wass, yevda ala yetru yeqqar as: « Wisen amek i teḍṛa d warraw iw, aqli yi cedhaɣ ad ten eẓṛeγ! »\nCwiṭ ama acemma, yusa d wewtul nni n lexla yenna yas:\n« Acu i k yuγen akka diγen a gma isγi, acuγer akka i tetruḍ? »\nIhi isɣi yerra yas id: « Aqli yi di yir wukud, cedhaγ arraw iw, acḥal aya ur ten eẓriγ »!\nArmi t iɣaḍ yesγi nni, yekker yenna yas: « Aha tura ṣefḍ imeṭṭawen ik, azekka, ad neddukkel ad nṛuh γer Mḥend uccen ad nḥettem felas ad ak ten i d yerr! »\nAzekka nni, eddukklen eṭṭefen avrid n sen, ṛuḥen ad qelven γef Mḥend uccen. Cwiṭ am acemma walan t la d iteddu γer sen. Yekker wewtul nni n lexla yenṭeq ar ɣurs yenna yas:\n« A Mḥend uccen yewweḍ d wakud akken ad as d terreḍ arraw is i yesγi » Dayen tura ad yili lemden tisuṛtin n ddin! Mḥend uccen iwala dayen yetwaḥres, yekker yerra yas id:\n» Aten id la lemden tasuret taneggarut, aset d azekka ad asen teslem! »\nIsɣi nni yeǧuǧeg d wudem is, yecmumeḥ d cituḥ. Cwiṭ am acemma segmi ruḥen, Mḥend uccen yeddem d tagwlimt iṣelḥ as tament iɛelq it zdat tewwurt n txelwit is.\nYezri yiḍ, azekka nni, isɣi akw d wewtul n lexla ṭṭefen avrid n sen srid ɣer txelwit n Mhend uccen. Akken kan i d asen yesla yeddem d aεekkwaz yezwi tagwlimt nni, dɣa izan nni i yetetten tament nni i s yeḍla evdan tbbezwizen rewelen sya wesya, yekker Mḥend uccen yenna yas :\n« Selt asen kan, aten id la lemden tasuret taneggarut, garaɣ kra n wussan tzemreḍ ad d taseḍ, ad ten tawiḍ. »\nIhi , isɣi nni ameɣvun d wewtul nni n lexla ddan deg wawal is , mi zrin kra n wussan eṭṭefen avrid n sen ɣer txelwit n Mḥend uccen. Winna, akken kan yesla yisen la d teddun yekker yerwel. Akken wweḍen ɣer txelwit n Mhend uccen kecmen ɣer daxel, afen t d tilemt, Zzin as d, afen afaggu n yeɣsan di tekwat, netta ziɣ yečča ten! Ihi isɣi nni ameɣvun yetru, ar yettlumu deg yiman is, ma d awetul nni n lexla zik i si faq, yeẓṛa dayen yeččan ten.\nIhi awtul nni n lexla iḥelel akw isɣi nni, yuggul as ar d erren ttar. Qqimen akken armi d tewweḍ tegrist yessawel as wewtul nni n lexla i Mḥend uccen, yenna yas:\n« Azul felak a Mḥend uccen, netta yeẓṛa t iḥemel aṭas tiγexsisin :\n« Yya d ad tedduḍ yidi ad ak emleɣ anda ara teččeḍ tivessisin, taneqwlet n Velεajut tewwa tenhel » Ihi Mḥend uccen yedda yid s ad iwali taneqwlet agi i d yefkan tivexsisin di tegrist\nAkken wweḍen,yenna yas wewtul n lexla maca akken ad tzemreḍ ad ten eččeḍ ilaq ad tcuddeḍ tajeḥnit ik ɣer ufurk n tmeɣrust. Ulamma iwala lexla nni maca deg wakken yeḥrec, iruḥ yessawel asen d akw i wuccanen yellan di tezgi yeqqaren asen:\nYyawt d ad teččem tivexsisin yewwan di tegrist , taneqlet n Velɛajut tewwa tenhel.\nIhi uzlen d akw wuccanen, cudden tijeḥnaḍ n sen ɣer ifurkan n tneqwlet vdan la tetten tivexsisin. Cwit am acemma atan yewweḍ d Velɛajut s uɛekkwaz is, nitni ttun tijeḥnaḍ n sen twacudent ɣer ifurkan n tmeɣrust, jelven d akw, rewlen ɣer tezgi.\nDeg wass n uɣalen akw d iqeṛmaḍen. yiwen ur yezmir ad iɛqel Mḥend uccen garasen, maca ula d Mḥend uccen yuɣal d aqermaḍ n jeḥniṭ\nIhi mi tfuk tmacahut agi dacu ara sen nini i yeqvayliyen d teqvayliyin :\nDeg wukud ayagi aqesḥan i deg nella ḥadret ɣef warraw n wen ur ten ettaket ara ger yir ifassen, llant tdukkliwin i yeselmaden Taqvaylit ur ten ettaket ara ɣer tisuda neɣ iɣervazen n taɛravt tineslemt ara asen yerwin allaɣen n sen\nSya ar nesiweḍ ad d nawi awanak nneɣ ḥadret arraw n wen !\nAfud i iggerzen!\nPour lire le conte en français, allez sur la page 2\nPrevious Benghebrit: Le Tamazight sera enseigné, à terme, dans tous les établissements scolaires du pays\nNext Après plus de 30 ans d'absence : Idir en tournée en Kabylie à la mi-octobre\nMa chahou thelam chahou Que mon conte se déroule comme un fil. Un jour parmi les jours de Dieu. Un vieil homme avait un moulin, trois fils, un âne et\nVèlâjoudh est un héros des contes kabyles. C’est un jeune enfant espiègle, qui se moque de tout le monde, même de Teriel (l’ogresse). C’est son histoire que nous allons vous\nPartie 1: « La vache sacrifié » Il était une fois deux orphelins : un garçon nommé Ali, et une fille nommée Djedjiga. Ils étaient orphelins depuis leur tendre enfance, au moment ou