Q=0	C=0	SS=0	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=2	G0=50	G1=26	G2=7	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=‘’Mbeɛd aɛqal n taɣect, nebɣa ad nesiweḍ ad d-iɣer uselkim taqbaylit i yiman-is’’ - La Dépêche de Kabylie\nAccueil Tamazight ‘’Mbeɛd aɛqal n taɣect, nebɣa ad nesiweḍ ad d-iɣer uselkim taqbaylit i...\nMestafa Kamal, d ajenyuṛ , d aɛeggal deg usideg n yisenfaṛen n tsenselkimt s teqbaylit.\nDeg tdiwennit-a, newwi-d awal akked Mesṭafa Kamal ɣef usenfar-is n taggara n tezrawt ‘’Aɛqal n taɣect yettwabnan ɣef Deep Learning i tutlayt taqbaylit’’. Amek i d-yella ufran-is, allalen yeseqdec deg-s akked temsal-nniḍen.\nAɣmis n yimaziɣen : Anwa i d Mesṭafa Kamal ?\nMestafa Kamal : Nekk d ajenyuṛ seg Uɣerbaz aɣelnaw Unnig n Tsenselkimt (ESI) n Lezzayer. Fukkeɣ deg waggur-agi n yunyu asenfaṛ-iw n taggara n tezrawt s uzwel : « Aɛqal n taɣect yettwabnan ɣef Deep Learning i tutlayt taqbaylit ». Deep Learning, izmer ad t-id-nini s teqbaylit Almad Alqayan. D yiwet n tetiknikt tamaynut i neseqdac ass-a deg uḥric n tigzi n tmacint (Intelligence artificielle).\nAmek i ak-d-tusa tikti n usenfar-agi ?\nDdeqs aya segmi ttekkaɣ deg yisenfaṛen akk n usideg (localisation) akked usemḍen (numérisation) n tutlayt taqbaylit. Ama d isenfaṛen n tesbeddit Mozilla am Common Voice, ama d Tatoeba neɣ d asideg n tɣerɣrin timiḍanin (plateformes numériques). Imi lliɣ d anelmad n tsenselkimt, tteɛṛaḍeɣ ad d-awiɣ ayen i wumi zemreɣ, yal mi ara stafiɣ. Seg wannect-n, gziɣ acu i d azal i zemren wallalen akk n tsenselkimt ad t-id-awin i usebded d usnerni n tutlayt, abeɛda tutlayt-nneɣ taqbaylit. Tɛedda tallit i deg d tira i d allal amezwaru i yis ara tesnerniḍ tutlayt. Ass-a, imdanen ur qqaṛen ara annect i iwehha wallaɣ-nsen ɣer tilifun neɣ Internet. Ɣef waya, anekcum n teqbaylit ɣer umaḍal amiḍan, yufrar-d gar ttawilat akk i yis nezmer ad nesbedd tutlayt-nneɣ. Asmi i d-iwweḍ lawan ad ferneɣ asenfaṛ n taggara n tezrawt, nwiɣ ad xedmeɣ deg wayen akk icudden ɣer yisenfaṛen-agi n usideg yettwabdan yakan. Uriɣ-as i Mass Muḥend Belqasem, d ajenyuṛ iqeddcen ayen dinn deg unnar n usideg. Nemlal, nemmeslay acḥal d abrid. Nmuqel anwa asenfar i izemren ad ittwaxdem akka tura, dɣa nefren-d wagi : « Aɛqal n taɣect yettwabnan ɣef deep learning i tutlayt teqbaylit ».\nMa yella wamek ad d-tesegziḍ (s telqayt) leqdic-agi-inek i wakken ad t-fehmen yimeɣriyen ?\nDeg leqdic-iw, suliɣ anagraw n uɛqal n taɣect, neɣ akken-nniḍen, anagraw n uɛqal awurman (automatique) n yimesli. Aya, d ayen yellan si zik deg waṭas n tutlayin, am teglizit neɣ tafṛansist. Tikkelt-a, nebɣa ad d-yili ula i teqbaylit. D allal i ara yesiwḍen aselkim, neɣ tilifun, mi ara as-thedṛeḍ s teqbaylit, ad d-yaru ayen akken i as-tenniḍ, d tifyar neɣ d aḍris, s uqadeṛ n yilugan n tira. S telqay, aɛqal n yimesli ittɛeddi si snat n tiram tigejdanin. Tamezwarut, d asiffi n tesraḍ. Deg-s ad d-nesuffeɣ imesliyen si lhedṛa. I wannect-a, sqedceɣ tarrayt i wumi qqaṛen MFCC, tettwassen ɣer wid ixeddmen tasleḍt n yimesli (analyse du son). Tarrayt-a, tezmer ad teɛqel imesliyen am wakken i ten-itteɛqal umeẓẓuɣ n umdan. Syin, tiremt tis snat d asurti n yimesliyen-nni. Ittusemma, ilaq ad neqqen gar yimesliyen d yisekkilen n teqbaylit. D annect-n dɣa i ixeddem Deep Learning, neɣ s teqbaylit Tigzi talqayant. D tarrayt i yeseqdacen azeṭṭa n yinuṛunen i wakken ad ig assaɣen gar yimesliyen akked yisekkilen n tutlayt. Ɣer taggara, ad nesɛu tafyirt i iwulmen n wayen akken i as-nehder i uselkim. D acu kan, i wakken ad nexdem Deep Learning, ilaq ad nesɛu tagrumma n yisefka (dataset) meqqret ayen dinn, i wakken ad ilmed uselkim akken iwata. Nekk sqedceɣ ugar n 25 000 n tefyar s teqbaylit. D azal n 260 n yisragen n lhedṛa. Annect-a akk, wwiɣ-t-id si tɣerɣert n Common Voice.\nD acu n yiswi agejdan n waya ?\nI umdan menwala, aɛqal n yimesli, izmer ad ittuseqdac deg waṭas n tɣula. Nezmer ad d-nebder :\nAnadi s yimesli di Internet n deg uselkim ;\nTira s yimesli, tzemreḍ ad taruḍ aḍris war ma tesqedceḍ anasiw, ittusemma s wawal kan ;\nAsendeh s yimesli : Nezmer ad nger anagraw-agi i tɣawsiwin n yal ass, am tkeṛṛust neɣ imsismeḍ, i wakken ma nebɣa ad ixdem kra, ad nesendeh kan, war ma ntekka di tqeffal.\nAnwi i ak-yefkan afus n tallelt deg usenfar-agi-inek ?\nAsenfaṛ-agi mačči d ayen isehlen i wakken ad t-isali umdan weḥd-s. I yi-d-ifkan afus n tallelt deg wayen akk i xedmeɣ d Mass Ɛebdelkrim Aries, d aselmad-iw deG uɣerbaz ; Mass Muḥend Belqasem i d-bedreɣ yakan, d ajenyuṛ iqeddcen aṭas deg usideg n yisenfaṛen n tsenselkimt s teqbaylit akked Mass Alexandre Lissy, d ajenyur n tesbeddit Mozilla i yi-d-imlan aṭas n temsal deg wamek akk ara siwḍeɣ asenfaṛ-iw ɣer taggara-s.\nD acu n wuguren i d-temmugreḍ deg unnar ?\nDeg unnar, ur d-mmugreɣ ara uguren, ala allalen isenselkamen (matériel informatiques). Deg waya, d tasbeddit Mozilla i yi-d-imudden allalen isenselkamen i yis ara selḥuɣ almad n yisefka n Common Voice.\nD acu tettraǧuḍ seg yiqbayliyen s umata ?\nI wakken ad d-yili usenfar-iw neɣ ad yaweḍ ɣer taggara-s, nniɣ-d d akken sqedceɣ tagrumma n yisefka n yimesli i d-wwiɣ si Common Voice. Common-Voice-agi, d tiɣerɣert n tesbeddit Mozilla i deg imdanen, anda ma llan, zemren ad skelsen s taɣect-nsen tifyar i wakken ad bnun tagrumma n yisefka. Ddeqs n yiseggasen aya segmi tekcem teqbaylit ɣer Common Voice. Asmi bdiɣ asenfaṛ, yuɣ lḥal llant 260 n yisragen n lhedṛa. Akka tura, nesaweḍ nnig 500 yisragen. Ilaq ad nzeṛ d akken, simmal nesɛa tagrumma meqqṛen n yisefka, simmal anagraw n uɛqal n yimesli ara d-nesuffeɣ itteɛqal ugar n yimeslayen. Ɣef wannect-a, ad d-necdeɣ iqbayliyen anda ma llan, i wakken ad kkin deg usenfar n Common Voice s teqbaylit, i wakken ad nesiweḍ sya ar aseggas d-iteddun 1 200 n yisragen n lhedṛa. Ass-n, anagraw-nneɣ ad itteɛqal ugar n 90 % n wayen ara d as-tiniḍ. Ssarameɣ ad taweḍ tiɣṛi-w i yal aqbayli i wakken ad iddu ɣer Common Voice, ad isekles taɣect-is. Wid issnen ilugan n tira s teqbaylin, ilaq ad ddun ɣer Sentence Collector i wakken ad d-mudden tifyar ara d-ittunefken di Common Voice.\nD acu-ten yisenfaren-nniḍen i tesɛiḍ sya d afella ?\nAkka tura, imi nfukk aɛqal n yimesli, ilaq ad t-neg d asmel i wakken ad izmiren yimdanen ad t-sqedcen. Neɣ daɣen, ad t-id-nesuffeɣ d asnas n tilifun (application mobile) i wakken ad ittuseqdec i tilifunat. Sya ɣer zdat, nessaram ad nebdu asenfaṛ-nniḍen i wumi qqaṛen TTS (Speech to Text). D asenfaṛ i yis ara nesiweḍ aselkim ad yezmir, ad d-iɣeṛ taqbaylit i yiman-is.\nAwal n tagara :\nTanemmirt i kunwi i yi-ifkan tagnit ad d-mmeslayeɣ ɣef wayen xedmeɣ. Ad iniɣ tanemmirt i yiwiziwen akk n Common Voice, acku limmer mačči d nutni ur d-ittili ara usenfaṛ-agi. Ad iniɣ tanemmirt i Muḥend Belqasem d Alexandre Lissy ɣef ufus n tallelt d usebɣes-nsen. Ssarameɣ ad kemmleɣ akka deg yisenfaren-agi akk icudden ɣer teqbaylit. Am wakken ssarameɣ ad d-rnun ɣer-neɣ yinelmaden ijenyuṛen n tsenselkimt i wakken tutlayt-nneɣ, ad taẓ ɣer zdat.\nArticle précédentWwḍen yiḥeǧǧuǧa n tmes ɣer yimnaren\nArticle suivantTajmilt i kečč a Lewnis!


Q=6	C=3	SS=3	LS=1	PS=1	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=18	G0=46	G1=18	G2=9	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui : Tamɣart n wureɣ i yewcin tudert-nnes i Tmaziɣt | Le RIFAIN\nProf. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui\nDeg wass amaḍlan-nnes, nessen ila d tamɣart ittejjan iles ittedder, tesseεedda-t i tarwa-nnes d wayyawen-nnes, s uyenni i das-neqqar « iles n tyemmat ».\nMaca Tarifiyt min xef ɣa nessiwel, nettat tuzzel a telmed awal n lejdud-nnes, alemmud-nnes wer d-ittuyim ca zi tala n yemma-s waha, maca txes a tessen Tmaziɣt s tebridt d takadimit, s uya teɣra x-as, deg ijjen lweqt ila yeccur s iklicciten (les clichés) x Tmaziɣt d Imaziɣen.\nTiweḍ a tili d Tarifit tamezwarut ig isseɣren Tmaziɣt n Arrif deg Uruppa, da nessawal x Lalla Mena B. Lafkioui. Nixḍar ad as-nlaɣa s "Lalla" minzi Imaziɣen lebda tticen isem-a d aweqqer i temɣarin i yewwḍen, mamec yella di tussna-nneɣ zi lebda.\nArrimet di Biljik, buḥbel di Arrif\nDeg ubilaj n Hamme, di tmurt Flanders-usammer, i di terẓem Massa Mena tiṭṭawin, tamurt d Tabeljikit mani ttemselqan ilsawen d tussniwin, xelli amenni, εemmers wer tqess iseɣwan i tt-iqqnen ɣer tmurt manis d-qqarsen yemma-s d baba-s.\nTeqqar i lerifain « Xelqeɣ gi Biljik, gmiɣ dag-s, mɣareɣ-d di tmurt mani ssawalen Taflamant. Waxxa amenni wul, iqqim ilseq ɣer Tmaziɣt, ɣer Tmazɣa d Imaziɣen, mli urid amenni, a tili wer tteggeɣ ci lxedmet-nni qqaε i xedmeɣ.»\nXmi i tessawal Lalla Mena x lejdud, tessizwara s tyemmat d tḥennat d amezwaru, minzi txes ad tili d Tmaziɣt-nni ittamnen s tyemmat-nni min xef ibedd wegdud Amaziɣ. « Imaziɣen amezwaru ila qqarsen-d zi ɣa tyemmatin-nneɣ maci zi ɣer baba-tneɣ, tamslayt aqqa-tt ɣer Itargiyen εad lux, maca iwdan ttun-tt waha.» Terni twekked tameslayt-a.\nMassa Mena d Taweryaɣelt zi yemma-s nni i d-iqqarsen zi Tefrast (jjihet n Bukidaren), lejdud-nnes sseεdan-as targazt d wul ameqqran, manaya wer yelli d aɣrib x-as, ula kṭer mala nessen ila nettat d tayyawt n ijjen umjahed d ameqqran deg umezruy n Arrif, nessawal da x Lḥaj Manku, ittwassnen s lḥaj Muḥemmed n Lyazid n Ḥeddu Aḥidar.\nZi jjihet-nniḍen, d Tutemsamant zi baba-s i yellan zeg ilefqiwen di ddcar-nnsen ittsajjan x yeɣzar n Nnkur, i yeqqnen ɣer Truggut, tettwassen twacunt n baba-s s tussna-nnsen di Arrif.\nTala: Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui, Tamsaman 2002.\nD ta d Lalla Mena, tenni i yeswin zeg waman n yeɣzar n Nnkur, i d-ittekken zeg idurar n Arrif i yuԑlan, ittferraɣ deg Umiditirani, teswa zi tussna n Arrif, tegga afriwen d Iflamaniyen, teqqar x iẓewran-nnes «Qqarseɣ-d zi Arif amen yekmel, maca ksiɣ-d ula zeg Iflamanayen. »\nZi Tfilulujit n « afro-asiatique » d tesnilest tamatut ɣer Tmaziɣt\nTeksi Massa-nneɣ Bak-nnes zeg ubilaj n Hamme, maca turagt (licence) texdem x-as di tesdawit n Ghent, mani ila teqqar Tafilulujit d tesnilest n yelsawen n Afro-asiatiques.\nXenni, tebda teqqar x twacunt n yelsawen, am Taεibrit, Taεrabt, Takadit d yelsawen isamiyen-nniḍen, ḥaca Tmaziɣt ttuɣa-tt wer telli di Biljik.\nMassa Mena, tegga isuraf-nnes di tussna n yiles s ij n umaster umi qqaren « Oriental Languages and Cultures » i tegga di tesdawit n Ghent i teksi deg useggas n 1994, xenni tegga ijjen trezzut n master s Teflmanat x Tmaziɣt n Ayt Weryaɣel.\nUl-nni i ittexsen Tmaziɣt, d wenni yejjin aselmad-nnes di tesdawit n Ghent ad imsawaḍ aked Lionel Galand di Fransa, maḥend ad temmutti ɣer yiles n lejdud-nnes.\nGaland i ttuɣa yellan zeg imeqqranen n tɣuriwin Timaziɣin di Lmuɣrib d Dzayer, yeggur ad issnewju ijjen tḥudrit d Tarifit, teṭṭef-d ɣer-s abrid zi Ghent ar Paris.\nXenni Massa-nneɣ i ttuɣa yellan d taḥudriyt ԑad ila ɣer-s xirebbi n iseqsiten x Tmaziɣt, txes a ten-tessen, a ten-tessers x Lionel d temɣart-nnes Paulette i ttuɣa yellan la d nettat trezzu di tsekla n Tmaziɣt.\nAmelqi-nni aked Lionel d Paulette i yeεdan issbeḥ, d wenni ireẓmen i Lalla Mena tiwwura x umaḍal n Tmaziɣt, maca ila tbedd zzat i tnayen n yebriden, ixess a texḍar ijjen zzag-sen ; ma ad traḥ ɣer Hulanda, i yella tessen iles-nnes, yudes-as, mani x-as ihwen lḥal, niɣ ad d-tas ɣer Paris, tandint n tfawin, bac a tɣer s Tefransist, tixḍar abrid iqesḥen, maca qqaε wer x-as tendim.\nIjjen useggas awern-as, ad tili d tameḥḍart i yessujaden DEA (adiplum n tɣuriwin i yullɣen) aked Salem Chaker, deg usentel n « Syntaxe intégrée de l’énoncé non-verbal berbère.» Zi senni, texdem x usujed n tebrat-nnes n dduktura i teṭṭef deg useggas n 1999.\nAsentel-a waxxa amenni εad drus n imesnilsen i dag-s irzun, mani ttuɣa tessidef timeslayin i yeqqnen ɣer prosodie d tmesalyin-nniḍen.\nAked trezzutin n Massa Mena di Tmaziɣt, xenni a tebda a tesselmed Tarifit deg Inalco, mamec ttuɣa tessɣura tasnilest tamatut (linguistique générale).\nAseqsi n tira n Tmaziɣt ila ɣer-s lhimmet-nnes ameqqran deg iseggusa n tesɛin. Iwdan i ila tterran taynit i Tmaziɣt, ttuɣa srusan aseqsi « mamec ɣa negg a nesmun tira n Tmaziɣt ? ».\nX manaya ttwaggen aṭṭas n yemsagaren ameknaw wenni n CRB di Inalco, di cher n setta zi 1996, ijjen nniḍen ittwagg di yulyuz n useggas-nni s ixef-nnes deg Ugadir, Irifiyen ɛawed, deg Utricht, ggin amsagar x usmuni n tira n Trifit.\nLalla Mena d nettat i d-issegmen asistim n uzemmem (notation) i yiles n Trifiyt, asistim-a i d-ikkin amaḍal amen yekmel, ittwaqbel deg waṭṭas n iraqqen, xelli di Fransa mani ittwassidef ḥma ad yili di Bakaluriya, mamec ittwaqbel di Hulanda deg wemsagar n 1997, mani bedden x usistim n uzemmem n tira n Trifit i d-texdem Massa-nneɣ. Zeg uɣezdis-nnes, asit n lerifain.fr d ta d tabridt i yeḍfar i tira.\nTmaziɣt tezdeɣ ul, tiwwi leεqel.\nUmi tebda tettegg lxedmet-nnes x Tmaziɣt ila teqqar-as yemma-s : « tecc-icem Tmaziɣt, tecci-cem tadunt » manaya ittejja-aneɣ a nefhem anict n tzemmar timeqqranin i tegga Lalla Mena bac ad tɣer Tmaziɣt, ad dag-s terzu.\nAmek teqqar s ixef-nnes, belli iqqseḥ aṭṭas bac bnadem ad yawi abrid di trezzut n Tmaziɣt, mli d ca n tmeslayt-nniḍen ili yus-d ihwen x-as, ula kṭer ilsawen isamyen ila teɣra qbel ; maca umi tufa ila Tmaziɣt ḥeggren-tt ayt bab-nnes, ula d iberraniyen xezzren ɣer-s s tiṭṭ d taneqsit, manaya yegga dag-s wul bac ad tawi abrid-a n Tmaziɣt.\nKṭer zi manaya, ula deg yiger akadimi, tufa din ikerkuren n tedyulujit i yeggin ḥala, sselsaqen Tamazɣa d Imaziɣen ɣer ca n tmeslayin maci d tidett, deg yimxumbal-a ina i tebda Lalla Mena tettemkabar bac a tbedd zzat i lkliciyyat-a tina, a ten-tseggem.\nAmek nenna, Massa Mena tixḍar abrid iqesḥen, txes ad as-terr i Tmaziɣt amkan-ines i testahell, aya maci s tmenna waha, maca s waṭṭas n tira d ubeqqec d tmegga.\nTala: Prof. Dr. Lafkioui Mena B_Ayt Weryaghel_2013\nZeg uɣezdis-nniḍen, ifukk a nini mli Massa-nneɣ wer tumin di min tettegg, a tili tessers ifassen aṭṭas zeg wami, maca tizemmar-a nnes timeqqranin tuyem-itent-id zi taliwin n waman n Arif, minzi zeg wami tella d tameẓẓyant, Arrif d Tmaziɣt ggin amkan-nnsen deg wul-nnes, s tenfas i tettsela zi tḥennatin s llilet, niɣ s tḥuja n twafitin i txes a x-asent d-teffeɣ min ԑnant, ula s yezlan i di teḥḍer di tmeɣriwin, d mamec ttemsurrufen iwdan jar-asen, ula xmi timɣarin ttemzawarent jar-asent deg izurag.\nAya yejja later deg wul, iwta din iẓewran, idwel ul-nnes ineddu melmi mma tesla i wawal n Tmaziɣt d llɣa-ines deg imejjan.\nS tԑenkraf d imxumbal, ittiẓid webrid\nAṭṭas n imerzuten, i yetteggen tirezzutin-nnsen mani mma di tesdawyin, tteggen ḥadur zeg wannar (terrain). Din umi itteɛjib ḥa ad iqqim x lbiru waha. Lalla Mena, maci d icten zzag-sen. D icten i yekkin aṭṭas n wussan, d nettat tettegg tarezzut n wannar, la deg Uruppa d Wafrika.\nMala nessawal x manaya, wer nzemmer a nettu lxedmet tameqqrant n « 🔗Atlas linguistique des variétés berbères du Rif » i dd-yeffɣen aseggas n 2007. Adlis-a awern-as ijjen tamara d tameqqrant, tekka dag-s tamerzut-nneɣ ddcar ddcar, taqbilt taqbilt di Arrif, zeg Ayt Iznasen ar Isenhajen.\nTala: Prof. Dr. Lafkioui Mena B_Taghzut_2001\nTesmun dag-s awal n Arrif, txezzer mani ittemserwas d mani ittemsebḍa x waṭṭas n iɣezdisen. Amux tessidef dag-s ca n 356 n nnkawi, dag-sen i d-temmal, kul amkan di Arrif s wawal-nnes. Lxedmet-a tanita wer din bu weltma-s di Tmaziɣin i yellan di Lmuɣrib niɣ ula di Tmazɣa ar yiḍ-a.\nAwerni lxedmet-a tameqqrant, teqqar Lalla Mena ila walli tus-d amenni waha, maca tɣasṭar dag-s aṭṭas n jjehd, abarru n lweqt, tettawi targazt d wul i ixes bnadem ad t-igg deg ixef-nnes, d ijjen lxedmet maci ḥa tessaḥal di arrimet n bnadem waha, maca tessaḥal ula di tnefsiyt-nnes.\nTettԑawad-aneɣ x min tesseԑda amenni d nettat teqqar-aneɣ “ixess ad tessned mamec ɣa tegged a tjebded ineɣmisen min xef ɣa txedmed di tmurfulujit, bac a tessned a ten-tejbeded zeg iwdan, ixess a tessned a tmesurrufed aked iwdan, ad asen-tewced lweqt, aked manaya ԑawed, ixess a tessned tamurt”\n“Lxedmet n wannar teqseḥ, d tmurt-nneɣ teqseḥ, waxxa iwdan-nneɣ d llemliḥ, maca ixess ad asen-tessned” terni tenna.\nS manaya i tella Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui d tamɣart n wannar, d icten maci ḥa tessen Arrif amen yekmel zeg Waẓila ar igmiren n Ledzayer, maca tessen ula d tamurt n Imaziɣen merra mani mma llan.\nArrif d Urifi i ssneɣ ibedd x tlata n tmeslayin\n“Nec jjiɣ-d familiya di Arrif ammen yekmel” d wa d awal i daneɣ-tenna, d nettat tettԑawad-aneɣ x min das-iqqimen di lbal aṭṭas d nettat tettsara Arrif s iɣezran-nnes, idurar-nnes, izeɣran-nnes d lebḥur-nnes.\nDin ca n tmeslayin i tettḥada deg Urifi, aqqa-tent ɣer-s d ddsas d ameqqran min xef tbedd tanettit-nnes.\nD amezwaru n manaya d tsexxayt (générosité); teqqar ila Arifi a t-tessned mala netta d asexxay, xmi i kid-m ibeṭṭa min ɣer-s waxxa netta wer yeԑlim walu.\nTasexxayt-a tettḥasb-itt Massa Mena d ddsas n tussna iԑelmen Irifiyen, manaya zi lebda ila illa ɣer-sen, maci iqqen ɣer ddin waha, maca yeẓẓu deg ucal n Arrif.\nTala: Prof. Dr. Lafkioui Mena B_Iznasen_Tafuγalt_2002\nManaya, tettwala-t Massa Mena, kunṭra i tmuɣriwin-nni i zi d-xezzren ɣer Irifiyen, axmi “qqnen x ixef-nnsen”, teqqar nettat ila Arifi lebda wul-nnes innurẓem x yenniḍen, kṭer zi manaya ireẓẓem tiwwura n taddart-nnes ibeṭṭa min iԑlem.\nZi tmeslayin-nniḍen i tettwala deg wudem n Urifi d targazt-nnes, targazt maci teqqen ḥa ɣer iwtman waha maca uli di temɣarin i di tella targazt kṭer zeg irgazen.\nDdsas ameggar d “aԑeffar” i zi ttwassnen ԑawed, waxxa merra manaya yettraḥ ittbeddal di Arrif-nni i tessen Lalla Mena, minzi lux ttuqiԑen ibeddilen d imeqqranen i yettḥadan ula ddegg-a n ddsas min xef tbedd tudmawant (la personnalité) n Urifi.\n“tlata‑ya ɛemmars a tent‑ttuɣ, ttafeɣ‑tent di kulci, mala wer tent‑ufiɣ, ssneɣ illa walli bu d Arifi, niɣ walli d Tarifiyt. Tamɣart Tarifiyt wer teqqim bu d Tarifiyt, teqḍa targazt, tasexxayt qa‑tt din, ad tt-tafed ɣer upuvri wer tt‑ttifeḍ ɣer wenniḍen”\nS ijjen uzmummeg d tḍeḥḥakt x wudem-nnes, tenԑem-aneɣ Massa Mena, ila din ca n tmeslayin i yeqqiment di lbal-nnes, wer tzemmer a tent-tettu ameknaw iselman n Biya d temriqt n Tfarsit d watay n Ketama.\nTicli d tazegrart deg uselmed d trezzut\nZeg useggas n 1995, i tebda Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui, tettic timsirin (des leçons) d yemsagaren i yettwaggen x yegran n tesnilest d min ɣer-s iqqnen deg waṭṭas n tesdawyin la deg Uruppa, la deg Umarikan.\nAked manaya, ila trezzef ɣer xirebbi n tesdawyin ḥuma ad din tewwec timsirin-nnes la deg Uruppa, Afrika d Marikan.\nMamec tbedd x waṭṭas n tɣuriwin, tessɣar, tesselmed di Tesdawit n Milano-Bicocca ar useggas n 2014, umi tedwel d Directeur de recherche deg CNRS gi Paris, mani tbedd ԑawed x lkursi n tɣuriwin Timaziɣin di Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales deg useggas n 2018.\nTala: Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui Ṭanja Ijjen wudem zi lxedmet n wannar-nnes.\nAfsar n idlisen, ijjen awerni wenniḍen.\nNzemmer a nini bla ccek, ila Lalla Mena, tettwaḥsab d ijjten zi tmerzzutin tuqlilin deg yiger n Tmaziɣt i yeqqiment ṭṭfent deg ucbar n trezzut. Amenni teqqim, trezzu, tettbeqqec. Kul twalat a tt-naf, tewwi-d amaynu, tessufeɣ-it-id.\nDa a d-neydar tesԑa n tɣuriwin, a zzag-sent neydar ca zzag-sent; deg useggas n 1999 a tefsar ijjen x twinest taramyagt di Tmaziɣt, awern-i tlata n iseggusa, tessufeɣ-d ij n udlis aked Daniela Merolla x tḥuja n Icawiyen di Ledzayer. Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui tessufeɣ-d deg useggas n 2007 ij n udlis ɣer-s lhimmet-nnes tameqqrant di tɣuriwin n Tmaziɣt d tinni Tirifiyin, da nessawal x «🔗 Atlas linguistique des variétés berbères du Rif ».\nZi 2010 d 2011 mseḍfaren-d tnayen n idlisen ɣer-s, amezwaru d « Des formes linguistiques aux processus langagiers» wis tnayen d «Etudes de la variation et de la structuration linguistiques et sociolinguistiques en berbère du Rif »\nAked manaya, yiḍ-a, Massa-nneɣ, zi temɣarin i yefsaren xirebbi n artiklen x Tmaziɣt, ttakk°aḍen ar tmanin, bla rebɛa-nniḍen aqqa-ten ttwafsaren deg yiger n ijjen wemsagar.\nAya, yettɣima cwayt zeg waṭṭas, x lxedmet i tegga Massa Mena B. Lafkioui, maḥend ad ssnen iwdan itterran taynit, ticli i tewya nettat trezzu di Tmaziɣt.\nProf. Dr. Mena ɣer-s amkan-nnes ameqqran di trezzutin x Tmaziɣt, s uya i tettwaxḍar ad tili zi tinni i ɣa isbedden « section Berbero » di tkadimit n Ambrosiana di Milan, ɛawed, zi tinni i ibedden x « Classe Africa » di Tkadimit-a s ixef-nnes, mamec i tettwafren d Takidimit di « Academia Europaea d Tkadimit n Ambrosiana.\nInuḥyuten-a (ces distinctions) ɣer-sen ijjen lhimmet d tameqqrant deg umaḍal ammen yekmel, d inuḥyuten maci ḥa sgeԑԑden zi ccan-nnes weḥḥed-s, maca sgeԑԑden ula zi Tmaziɣt.\nTudert n trezzut ibedden x imezran\nBuḥbel maḥend iqqim ittali, iṭṭar, Massa Mena tkessi akid-s isitimen txes a ɣer-sen taweḍ, trezzu ad texdem x usmutteg (formation) n iselmaden n Tmaziɣt, lxedmet-a tanita ԑecra n iseggusa d nettat tessujad-as.\nManaya, txes ad t-tegg mani mma llan iselmaden n Tmaziɣt maci ḥa di Lmuɣrib waha maca di Tmazɣa merra.\nAked uɣezdis n manaya, tetterra taynit i umezruy n yiles d usettef-nnes d ubeṭṭu-ines, “qa ԑad din aṭṭas n tmeslayin ggurent-id”. Teqqar‑aneɣ.\nBla tasnilest min xef txeddem, tetterra taynit i Tenṭrupulujit, leԑwayed tiqdimin, amezruy d tsekla, txeddem ula x usɣun ig ismunan merra manaya.\nTxes ad texdem x merra manaya “Mala txes tudert d mala tiwwi-tt-id lweqt” i daneɣ-tenna Massa‑nneɣ.\nIles maḥend ad idder, ixess ad izdeɣ deg wul d amezwaru.\nLxezrat n Prof. Dr. Mena ɣer yiger-a tiriw, tettwala belli Tmaziɣt d amezwaru ixess ad dag-s ṭṭfen Imaziɣen ad qqimen lebda ssawalen-tt jar-asen, zi senni i d-tettas tira. Nnhar ɣa semḥen Imaziɣen deg yiles-nnsen ataf xenni a temmet.\nMaca ixess Imaziɣen ad ḥesben Tmaziɣt d yiles ikmel, mamec ixess ԑawed asidef n wawalen n jjdid, maḥend Tmaziɣt a tugur aked lweqt.\nTala: Prof. Dr. Lafkioui Mena B_Tittawin_2013\n“ixessa awal‑nni ad yeqqim yelseq ɣer umezruy n tmaziɣt, ɣer tudert n imaziɣen n Arif. Ixessa ad yeqqim nettwala dag-s tamurt. Mala walli amenni, ixessa ad yeqqim yeṭṭef deg wul n Imaziɣen, mala wer yeṭṭif deg wul‑nsen, walli mayemmi t‑ɣa‑yarin/a t‑ssiwlen.” D nettat tessawal x tmeslayt-a ta.\n“ɛad ixessa‑tt aselmed, tɣuri, wi ɣa‑tt‑yessɣern, ad tili di merra iswiren n wamun, ula kṭer min yellan d adelsan, am musika d umezgun d qaԑ iraqqen n tussna.” Terni tenna.\nIgaz lḥal a timɣarin\nWer nzemmer a nessiwel x Lalla Mena, a x-as nari, bla ma a tt-nesseqsa x temɣart, s tidett nettat d icten iwwḍen s tzemmar-nnes timeqqranin, maca ԑawed tessen mliḥ lḥal n temɣarin di Arrif, maci ḥa s minzi tegga x-as tirezzutin-nnes, maca d icten tettiԑic akid-sent, tessen imunas-nnsent d imezran-nnsent.\nS tfeqqeԑt teqqar‑aneɣ, belli Tamɣart teggur ɣer deffer waha, minzi din aṭṭas n tmeslayin i tt-ittejjan wer tzemmer a tessuref ɣer zzat.\nTimeslayin-a mladafent jar-asent, di min iqqnen ɣer pulitik, tadyulijit, tussna, merra manaya wer ittejji ca tamɣart a teṭṭef amkan-nnes i testahell a ɣer-s yili luxa.\nTala: Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui, Ibeqquyen 2001.\nMaca manaya wer isgeԑԑid ca tamasayt x yiri n temɣart,\nTimɣarin nnuɣent, weḍḍrent deg isistimen ig ittemԑawaden, ԑawed teqqar qa maci ḥa d fayu n irgazen waha i wer yejjin ca timɣarin ad ugurent ɣer zzat, minzi isistimen ttetten bnadem, ttejjan‑t iḍԑef zzat-sen.\nDeg umeggaru qqaԑ tesgura s ij n wawal: « timɣarin mala wer kkrent ad jahdent, ad ggent amkan‑nsent, ad ssiwlent iles‑nsent, awal‑nsent, qa ataf wer din ci, wer zemmarnt ad rajant ar dd‑yas wargaz …, argazen din wi ɣa yɛawnen, maca ixessa xelli d nettat ad tekker, wer ttejji ca lḥal yeffaryeḍ amya, minzi manaya aqqa-t x yiri-nnes ra d nettat.\nTzemmrem ad tesshwam merra artiklen d idlisen n Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui mala tɛebbẓem x isiten-a s wadday:\n🔗 Asit n Prof. Dr. Mena B. lafkioui\n🔗 raq n Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui x Academia.edu\n🔗Sehwam ssa adlis n « atlas linguistique des variétés berbères du rif » Atlasrif


Q=14	C=0	SS=14	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=2	G0=3	G1=0	G2=0	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Tamaziɣt. tutlayt d tasekla الأمازيغية لغة و أدب Tamazight, langue et litterature ✨Tahar Uld Amar (1961-)✨\nTahar Uld Amar ilul deg useggas n 1961 di tama n Sidi Ɛissa, agzedu n Msila, ikcem ɣer uɣerbaz amenzu di Ɛin Bessam, syen yuɣal-d ɣer Tizi-Wezzu anda ikcem aɣerbaz alemmas n at Yanni, syen iruḥ ɣer tesnawih Abderraḥman-Mira n tubiret deg iseggasen-nni n 80, anda ittekka di tmesbaniyin n tefsut Imaziɣen.\nDeg useggas n 1986, yewwi-d akayad n LBAC n tefransist di tesnawit Descartes n Lezzayer tamanaɣt.\nDi 1988 yuɣal d aselmad n tutlayt Tafransist di Mdeyya, mi d-tekcem tutlayt tamaziɣt s aɣerbaz, yuɣal d aselmad n tmaziɣt. Deg iseggasen n 1999, itteka deg usbeddi n uɣmis "L'hebdo n Tmurt". Syen yebda taɣamsa, ladɣa deg uɣmis "la dépêche de Kabylie". Am wakken yetteka ger ineɣmasen d-yesbedden aɣmis n tutlayt tamaziɣt "tiɣremt" i wumi d-yeffeɣ uṭṭun amezwaru di yebrir 2020. Am wakken yettaru ungalen, amenzu " Bururu" yewwin arraz Apulée n tsekla Tamaziɣt i d-sbedd temkerḍit taɣelnawt deg useggas n 2008.\nAyen yura :\n- Bururu (tizrigin Azur, 2006)\n- tafunast itteẓgen pétrole (tizrigin Acab, 2016)


Q=6	C=3	SS=3	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=5	G0=153	G1=57	G2=14	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Umerri: Assaḍ Agawa > Imyura > Amezruy\nYuɣal Ḥmed d Umerri\nUmerri: Assaḍ Agawa\nDda Muḥend A. Besεud\nKrim Belqasem deg tesγunt n TIME n Yulyu 1958\nTalalit n yiwen wasaḍ\n19 di yunyu : Ewwten bab-as ḥuzan mmi-s.\nImenγi n Yugurten\nAmagrad-agi isenned ɣef udlis yura Tahar Useddiq ɣef Umerri. D wagi kan i d adlis i yufiɣ ɣef Umerri wanag kra imagraden ittwarun fell-as kkan-d akw seg udlis-agi n Useddiq. Awidu-kan imi id-iqqim udlis-agi acku Umerri yuklal ugar n yiwen udlis u yuklal diɣen ugar n ubdar deg awal imi t-id-nettader di tallit-a nneɣ. Ur t-nettu ara xas akka nhemmel-it.\nD tidett urjjin ttun-t medden di tmurt n Iqbaylyen. Ewwin-t medden deg sefra, di tezlatin u izga ɣef yimi di kra n temnaḍin n tmurt. Maca anadi ɣef tudart d umennuɣ n Umerri atan d ilem ar ass-a n wussan. As-tenniḍ ulac ɣur-neɣ kra imusnawen umezruy d inmezrayen izemren ad nadin amek idder, amek innuɣ, amek ittwaḥbes, amek i yerwel si taẓult, amek innuɣ ttrad amḍlan wis-sin, amek i t-nɣan, ayen i t-iznez umeddakul-is, atg. Ladɣa tadyant-agi n uznaz d ubexxes ilaq ad as-nekker akken i wulem imi ula di tallit n Yugurten, Buxus ifka afus deg ugellid nneɣ amuqran almi d-yufa iman-is ittexnunus di Tallianum.\nAd iniɣ nestehza. Nestehza macci drus acku Umerri di tallit-a nneɣ i idder. Nɣan-t deg Iεezzuzen di tegrest n 1947. Imiren dɣa taɣmist tafransist (Écho d’Alger, Le Journal d’Alger) tura macci d kra fell-as xas akken ṭaqa n wayen tura d tiyita deg-s d useknu deg uzal-is. Yerna ahat ar ass-a n wussan ad ilin mazal dren wid i t-isnen s timad-is, wid i t-imlalen imi netta ikka-d akw i tmurt n Iqbaylien.\nTura imi ulac kra ittwarun γef Umerri s teqbaylit nniγ-as ahat d ayen ilhan, ma uriγ kra n wawalen fell-as xas d ayen kan, am akken i t-id nniγ iwessawen, id-ittwaksen deg udlis Umerri n Tahar Useddiq. Amagrad-agi ad ibḍu γef kuz (4) yeḥricen.\nIllul Umerri di taddart At Jjimaε n temnaḍt n At Buaddu deg Iwaḍiyen. Ur ufiɣ ara anwa assegwass i deg illul maca imi deg udlis n Useddiq inna-d d akken ikcem ar laεeskar gar ussegwass n 1937 d 1939 imi yufad-t-id ttrad amaḍlan wis-sin d aserdas di tnezruft. Imiren ɣur-es 20 issegwassen, nezmer ad nenni ihi d akken illul-d gar ussegwass n 1917 d 1919.\nAss-mi illa d aqrur, itturar akw d tezyiwin-is di taddart uraren-nni n warrac n zik: tuqemca tufra, timqarqart, tiqqar, tebbib, atg. Yiwen wass, iṭṭef abrid iteddu s axxam, imlal-d ultma-s tettru, acebbub irwi war timeḥremt u isteqsa-tt: dacu i kem yuɣen? terra yas: d Aḥsen at I*... iyi-ewwten. Umerri xas d aqrur, xas akken meẓẓi u rqiq ɣef Aḥsen, ibarrez fell-as u ifka-yas tiyita s uqerruy isexnunes-it di tmurt. Limer ur as-tekkisen ara gar ifassen-is yelli atan ikkes-as ṛṛuḥ.\nTewweḍ ihi taluft ar tejmaεt, baba-s n Aḥsen iggul ar d-yerr ttar ittwaksen ɣef mmi-s. Baba-s Umerri diɣen iggul kif-kif imi inna yasen di tejmaεt ‘ihi ay tadart taluft tewweḍ ar tmegwḥal’. Maca imɣaren n taddart urzen-ten u rrant-ten-id s abrid dɣa teqqim kan akken taluft. D akud d tatut i tt-ifran.\nMaca xas ur meqqwert ara taluft-a gar twaculin n Ḥmed d tin n Aḥsen, tejja-yas-d i Ḥmed terzeg deg imi. Ahat imiren i igza d akken taɣdemt d tayett u win ur nesεi tayett ad tt-yecc d taṣemmaḍt.\nBaba-s Umerri d amɣid ixedmen tamurt am netta am medden di tallit-nni. Seg-mi id-illa umennuɣ-agi d Aḥsen, iteddu akw d baba-s ar llexla u ixeddem yid-s. Issassay-ed s axxam am argaz.\nAmek iteddu kan iman-is\nXas akken ihi ṭaqa n wakud-is isεedday-it di tferka ar yidis n baba-s, mi yufa kan cwiṭ n wakud i yiman-is ad inser ar teẓgi ad iḥewwes neɣ ad icali. Ad yekk akw ibardan d wezzu, isafen d ixarban n taddart acku iḥemmel ad eqqim iman-is. Ittaf iman-is mi ara yelli iman-is kan deg umadaɣ. Itxemmim aṭas. Aṭas n wid t-iẓran afus ɣef lḥenk icexc deg ilem. Mi ara yilli ihi iman-is, allaɣ-is itezzi am tẓarbuḍt.\nWin igan lmendad ɣef wamek illa di temẓi-s ad yaf ur imgarad ara ɣef wamek illa di temɣer. Izga di teẓgi u azday d waṭas n medden ur as essin tikli! Agwlaf ur as-yufi anamek!\nIdda ussegwass ɣef wayeḍ, imed aṭas Umerri. Tazmert am ulɣwem. Ccurent tuyat-is, nnernan ifassen d iɣalen-is, tebda-t-id tamart u taɣwect-is tuɣal tesharhur cwiṭ, zuret. Mi i t-iwala akken baba-s, inna yas yiwen wass mi itetten imensi:\n- A mmi! Bɣiɣ ad iyi tsaεfeḍ ar ssuq n Buɣni.\nYemma-s diɣen teddem awal u tenna-s\n- Yak a mmi tura kecc mmeqwreḍ u ula d nek bɣiɣ a k-id walin medden yerna ilaq ad txedmeḍ axxam tura!\nUmerri irra kan awal i baba-s:\n- Ur illi ayen ara dduɣ yid-k ar ssuq! Ur ccukeɣ ara illa kra i zemraɣ a t-xedmaɣ din di temdint! Maca tura akken i k-ihwa a baba! Atan ihi ad dduɣ yid-k azekka.\n- Atan ilha a mmi! Maca ur qqar ara ur yelli dacu ara texdmeḍ di temdint! Ilaq ad tessineḍ amek teddunt temsal di ssuq. Ad tlemdeḍ amek znuzun d wamek ttaɣen medden. Ad twaliḍ diɣen amek dren medden di temdint. Xarttum macci d yiwet i ɣef a t-fajj tiṭ-ik!\nAzekka-nni di tafrara zrin ar ssuq n Buɣni. Dinna, ifka yas baba-s cwiṭ umesṛuf u msefhamen anda ara mlilen tameddit mi ara yefru ssuq. Umeri iddem abrid-is iteddu, ittemdeggar d imsewqen. Kan akka izga yas-d yiwen uterras anect-ilat deg ubrid u irra ad ittuεeddi fell-as. Maca Umerri ur asent-ittanef ara i tigi. Iwesseε ifka-yas tiyita ar ibeṛdi. Ixmemmi din di tmurt uterras-nni amcum. Dɣa Umerri inser irwel ad iffer. Kra iḥedren din ssexcen ad feṛzen anwa-t akka uqcic-agi iṣṣemken aterras s yiwet n tyita? Yerna aterras-nni ittwasen di ssuq n Buɣni u ttagwaden-t medden. Di tallit-nni qqaren medden fella-s isεa lhiba. Di taddart-is ttargigin medden mi ara t-walin.\nSyin ikcem Umerri ar lqahwa, iswa ttay. Iṭṭef abrid-is ar yiwet n tḥanutt yuɣed laḥlawat d tẓidanin i watmaten-is (ɣur-es yiwen gma-s d yiwet n ultma-s) u idda ittrajju baba-s. Tameddit, mi-id-uɣalen, ur t-id yuli wawal ɣef umennuɣ-a di ṛṛehba n ssuq. D baba-s, ar imesni, id-immuchen i at wexxam ayen iwala di ssuq. Ḥmed irra iman-is am akken ur ḍrint: ur iḥdir ur iwala. Icca am netta am at wexxam bu-zelluf, imi akka igan wansayen n tmurt: ass amenzu ara yekcem uqcic ar ssuq, nefqen-d at wexxam u ttaɣen-d aqerruy n uzgar. Am akken ttagan-as tameɣra i win yuɣalen d amuqwran, d argaz!\nḤmed diɣen-netta issusem kan. Ibḍa tiẓidanin I watmaten-s akken ur sseqḍen ara, yuli ar taɛrict izzer di tnafa.\nMi d-irfed baba-s awal ɣef umcciqlel-nni di ssuq, Ḥmed ikukra awal ɣef temsalt-a acku yugad imahat iwalla-t-id baba-s. Akken ad ikkes ccek d usurdu isteqsa baba-s:\n- Twallaḍ-t ihi uqcic-agi a baba?\n- Ur tris tiṭ-iw fell-as. Maca nnan di ssuq akken tazmert-is am ulɣwem, tuyat hraw-it, netta d awezlan cwiṭ. Diɣen d umsibrik n wudem, ahat iceggeḍ-as yiṭij tagwlimt.\nTura imi aglam neɣ udem d-ifka bab n Umerri ɣef uqcic-a tezga-yas-d i Ḥmed am tcacit, wisen ahat baba-s iẓra d mmi-s i d lefḥl xas ur t-id-inni ara. Ma d at taddart ttawin akw aqcic-a deg awal war ma ḥsan d mmi-s n taddart nsen.\nTimlilit d Muḥand Areẓqi n PPA\nIdda akken cwiṭ n wakud, Ḥmed izga iman-is kan. Ur iteddu d yiwen, ur isḍuqqut awal d yiwen. Ayen ilaq-en kan ayen nniḍen akw d ashetref. Izga di teẓgi d waylaten nsen di taddart.\nIhi iεya cwiṭ deg iman-is dɣa yiwen yiḍ inna i imawlan-is d akken ad iruḥ ar tamdint ad inadi amahil as d-iskecmen cwiṭ usurdi. Imawlan-is ddan-as kan di lebɣi. Azekka-nni di tefrara, ezzi abernus ɣef tuyat-is, icca-tt-id di Buɣni. Simi issers iḍaren-is di temdint yuzel ar lqahwa ad issu ttay. Issexc akw di medden acku iḥsa d akken wid izedɣen di temdint mgaraden cwiṭ ɣef wid id-yusan seg udrar. Imesdurar di temdint ttkukrun ula d tili nsen. Maca di tilawt iḥsa kif-kif-iten akw.\nItes ihi ttay itmuqul di medden, dɣa immeslay i yiwen uqcic iqqimen iman-is diɣen ar tama-s:\n- Ak-selkaɣ lqahwa ay ameddakul? Aqcic-nni irra-yas-d awal:\n- Ur ttagwiɣ ara ay ameddakul!\nDɣa mmeslayen akken cwiṭ anwa-k, ansi dd-kkiḍ, ansi d-usiḍ, almi d ewḍen ar taluft umahil. Inna yas Umerri aqli ara ttnadiɣ aɣrum-iw dagi. Aqcic-nni, Muḥand Areẓqi, irra yas: “ak awiɣ ad txedmeɣ ar xali di lkuca maca ɣur-ek dagi medden ssexdamen iẓawaliyen war ma fkan asen ayen id-ḥella tidi nsen. Illa zzur d lbaṭel”. Muḥand Areẓqi d aneɣmas n PPA (Akabar n Ugdud Azzayri n Messali Lḥajj) u tektiwin n tegrawla rrekemnt di tmelɣiɣt-is am ibawen di teccuyt.\nFɣen ihi si lqehwa, uɣen abrid ar lkuca n Dda Σacur. Deg ubrid, awal ɣef medden d iqqeddacen iṛumyen izga ɣef yimi n Muḥand Areẓqi. Immel-yas-d akw amek ttwasknan yergazen di Buγni, amek ttwaṛzan kra n wid d-yuli wawal γef war-tiγdemt d miḥyaf.\nIxdem akken ihi Umerri kra n wussan ar Dda Σacur di Buγni, ar xali-s n Muḥand Areẓqi, u yiwen wass ikker yurag ar Umecras ad icali cwiṭ. Lqahwa tamezwarut i iwala ikcem γur-es. Yufa din Muḥand Areẓqi isekkef ttay. Swan akken-nni yiwet n tγellayt, qeṣren cwiṭ. Muḥand Areẓqi imiren yuki d nnda mi tekkat u awal asertan izga deg imi-s. Ikkat di Lqayed d Ccambiṭ d wid akw itetten deg fus uṛumi d wid iεefsen aẓawali d ugellil. Xas akken, Umerri ur icekcem ara aγbwel i temsal-a, iγil d tiqwulhatin n wid izedγen di temdint. D tawat kan d wayen txeddem wanag win illuẓen ilha kan d uγrum-is. Yerna kra d-inna Muḥand Areẓqi inna-yas-t-id yagi di Buγni ass-mi mlalen tikkelt tamenzut. Umerri itett-it kan s wallen ittecmumux. Inna deg ul-is : aqcic-a yuγ-itent! Yerna am tfunast ittara di llifeẓ!\nIffeγ-d ihi si lqahwa-nni u imlal-d Ccambiṭ bu uεekkwaz γef umnar n tewwurt. Ccambiṭ, abernus azegzaw ittejgugul γef uzagur-is d ukras n unyir, ittwassen deg Umecras d yir sekka imi iḥeqqer medden u izga isrusuy d tirect kra n win ur nezmir ad yerr tiyita. Irna medden s tmerna n tfunast akken qqaren at zik. Ula d tineggura yagi akken ad issusem uqcic iccebwlen imawlan-is qqaren-as: "ssusem ad t-aya Ccambiṭ!" Dγa aqcic ad ikmumes di tesga ad irked. Yuγal ihi Ccambiṭ d aberaεruε neγ ugar: d amaεmuc!\nImmeγ Ccambiṭ ihi iṣṣemek Umerri s uεekkwaz. Umerri inkaḥ amzun d aqjun ittewten, imzaraz. Ikker, izdi lqed-is u ifka yas tiyita ar tgeẓẓal d tayeḍ ar umayeg u Ccambiṭ icca-tt-id deg ubaluz ittnazaε. Itti iman-is am llufan. Ixnunes. Iγli wanza-s γef umnar!\nUmerri irwel, yuzel u yuγal ar Buγni s tufra. D yiwen b-ukamyun i t-iselken imi γef tiṭ-is kra d-iḍran gar-as d CCambiṭ. Mi ewweḍ ar Buγni, xas akken izwar-it wawal n wayen d-iḍran deg Umecras yuzel ar lkuca ad iddem lqec-is. Ur inni awal i Dda Σacur xas akken wagi isla, iẓra ayen iḍran. Yerna bu-lkuca, udem ur as fkin ara, ur isetḥa ur iwwura: simi tefka tewwurt Umerri issaweḍ awal i yemsulṭa. Akka i d tagmatt n wid isuzuren udem!\nIffeγ si lkuca, iṭṭef rif-rif n ubrid almi d ijufar d Buγni. Tiṭ-is γef ubrid ukarrus ittmuqul ma illa win ara t-yawin ar Tizi. Akken kan ihi atan iteddu-d yiwen ukamyun, izwer-as ar ubrid Umerri ittwehi-yas ad iḥbess s sin iffasen. Iḥbes ukamyun, msefhamen γef ssuma akken ad iddu yid-s ar Tizi u irkeb ar deffir.Umerri inna-yas nek d Saεid, Saεid Waεmer. Bab-ukamyun irra yas “ atan a Saεid ma illa win iγ-d iḥebsen kecc d axeddam-iw”. Akken dγa id-teḍra, ar tewwurt n Tizi Uzzu, ttwaḥebsen, Umerri d axeddam n bu-kamyun u isεedda taswiεt akken. Ula d netta s timad-is, mi-d fγen cwiṭ i Buγni, is-teqsa-t-id yiwen seg ijjadarmiyen i wumi ssaweḍ Dda Σacur awal, ma iwala neγ essen Ḥmed Umerri. Umerri irra iman-is εit-εit.\nD Saεid Waεmer di Tizi Wezzu\nDi Tizi wezzu, imi mazal ttnadin fell-as yemsulṭa iṛumyen d iγallen nsen gar Iqbayliyen, ijja kan isem-nni n Saεid Waεmer akken ad ifer yis. Yufa-d amahil ar yiwen Uṛumi mi ssawalen Jean. Jean isedday di Tizi yiwet n taṛmist n uxnac u isexdem Umerri akken as tt-ittεasa. D amahil fessusen i umesdrar.\nUmerri am zik-is kan. Ur sḍuqqut awal, ur isεi imeddukal. Ula d ucci d wid itefγen is-t-id-ittawin si berra. Ula d Arrumi-nni akeswaḥ isker-s aγwbel u isteqsa-t yiwen wass:\n- A Ssaεid, carhaγ s uxeddim-ik. Xas macci aṭas i tettaxeḍ dagi γur-i maca s iγallen-ik d tidi-k i ten-id-ssasayeḍ. Maca tella yiwet ur iyi-t-kcim ara s aqerruy. Amek alami ur tettefγeḍ ur tettmeslayeḍ aṭas d yiwen ur tesεiḍ kra n imeddukal?\n- Qqim kan a mass Jean, iweṣṣa-yi baba γef tikli d udukkel d medden. Inna-yi win ibγan ad yecc aγrum-is di talwit, ad iṭṭixer i medden d tkerkas nsen. Yerna nek d mmis n udrar u tkli teddun medden di temdint ur teffiγ fell-i.\n- Baba-k d amusnaw. Atan ihi imi d yagi kan am akken ur ḍrint!\nIhi Jean ayen wallant wallen-is d ayen illan. Acku "Saεid Waεmer" macci kan iweṣṣat baba-s, tweṣṣat ula d tudart d wayen iwala yagi. Ur as-tefki ara tegwnitt ad iffeγ. Yugad ad t-kkarcen u ad t-hawṣen ar taẓult.\nNneflen kra n wussan γef wiyaḍ, izri kra n wakud d Ḥmed illa di teglimt n "Ssaεid Waεmer". Ixxeddem u ilha kan d yiman-ines. Irked kan iffer.\nYiwen wass ibed γef umnar n lluzin isla i yisem-is sanwi is-d-issawlen: wa! Ḥmed! Waaa! Ḥmmed Umerri!. Ifrawes anwa i t-isnen s yisem-is n tidett. Iγil sanwi i t-id iεeqlen. Irfed allen-is iwala Mḥend, εemmi-s. Iwehha yas yusa-d γur-es u iḥka yas akw ayen illan. Σemmi-s agi ewwi-yas-d akw issalen n uxxam nsen d wid n taddart. Inna-yas-d yiwen yiwen amek llan at taddart u issaweḍ-as-d diγen awal d akken sawlen-as-d γer lεesker. D ijjadarmiyen is-ewwin lekwaγed s axxam. Inna-yas d akken ilaq ad iruḥ Umerri ar ijjadarmiyen akken ad t-awin ar "Maison-Carrée", Lḥerrac n wass-a.\nAzekka-nni ifka yas taḥawact issurdiyen Umerri i εemmi-s iweṣṣat a tt-ifek i baba-s yerna ad as yenni "aqli-yin ussan-a s axxam". Isseda-yas awal akken ur iqqar i medden taluft n Saεid Waεmer is-d-iḥka iḍelli-nni akken ur skaren ara aγwbel deg uxxam yerna ur ilaq ara ad tettawin medden d awal s yir iles.\n* ur d-inni ara Useddiq anta i d tawacult n I...\natan akken i denan yettwaxdae hmed umeri.asmi it ttnadi temssulta n fransa,ufand belli yesεa yiwen umeddakkwul-is .zzran belli yettencadit-id s'axam-is tikkwal tetten akken imensi.ihi ṭṭeffen ameddakkwulni-ines nanas,atan ameddakkwul-ik"mehsuv,ahmed umeri"yettruhu'd wahdes s'axam-ik tickki ulac-ik.arggaz rebbi yeγlid igenni fellas.yenayasen,ihi ami akka tamsalt-is ur kkwunt aenara kunwi,tura tuγal ttamsalt-iw,nekk.aeddan kra nwussan ineceditid u yerna yesaweḍḍ asali i yemesulta,dewernas i taddart akken ur ireggwul ara,yebbweḍḍedd hmed umeri s'laman s'axam umeddakkwul-is,yeqqim γer tervut,yettwanγa fellas s'resas,s'ufus umeddakkwul-is.\nMAU - Tinin-is...\nD tidett a Winn n da, akka I tella temsalt. Tagara Umerri ad tili deg uḥric wis 4 n umagrad-agi. A nuγal a nesqerdec fell-as ussan-agi id-iteddun.\nlmumen - Tinin-is...\nAnṣuf s wi d-yuγalen! Wiririririiiii!............\nAtan yuγal-d GWMA-TNEΓ MACK!\nDda Ṭaher Useddiq, tajmilt-is meqqret, d argaz yuklalen xilla n lexder. Yessekfel-d Umerri, Faḍma n Sumer, tagelda n Kuku... Yerna ibedd-d di tegnit n ṭṭiq γer tama umussu Amaziγ. D netta dγa i s-d-yerran iseγ i dda Lmulud ger wid i yeqqaren yir awal fell-as, dda Ṭaher yenna: D Lmulud At Mεemmer i yuran aneqqis (rrabul) i O.N.U. γef temsalt n Dzayer di 1985 s yisem n Barhim Buεezkkez. Yerna yenna d nekk i t-yefken (rrabul) i Mḥemmed Yazid.\nAss-a llan wid t-yettun, am wakken i llan daγen wid yeqqaren : tira umezruy n Ṭaher useddiq amzun akken d tasekla i yettru, rennun-as-d...\nWigi d imesdawiyen ixuẓẓiḍ d uqunniḍ! Imi yiwen ur yezmir ad yaru amezruy war ma imal γer kra n tama.\nTegra-d deg weḍris, ur yelli wayen ara d-iniγ acku ma ulac ad yeṭṭixxer bab-is seg wesmel! D acu kan, yesseqdec awal "aneγmas" deg wadeg "ameγnas", imi netta yeqsed-d wis-sin.\nḤmed Umerri s lamer n P.P.A i yettwanγa, ur yelli d Fransa, ur yelli d ttar! D wid yellan mgal Leqbayel i t-yenγan am wakken i nγan Bennay...\nAwer tafem ass amellal a Leqbayel.\nDi taggara , bγiγ a d-fkeγ tawriṭ tameẓyant: ṭṭerrrrrrrrrrrrrr\nAmjaḥ - Tinin-is...\nD tagi i wumi qqaren: yuker ḥeḍreγ; yeggul umneγ. Neγ tinna akken : Mi yezla yemma-s, yuγal yettru fell-as!\nSsya teqqleḍ d aqziḥ tesseglafeḍ γef medden; ansi nniḍen teqqareḍ-asen : Anṣuf yes-k!\nMmiiiiiiiεεεeeewwwwwwwwwwww!......... - Tinin-is...\nMmiiiiiiiεεεeeewwwwwwwwwwww!......... Mmi-s n Wemsed am tmenquεt-iw, γas ifuḥ, ur ttağğaγ yiwen a t-imass! Tesliḍ a bu tčamart! Ay aḥuli yuqmen tačamart (ssuna) yeğğa tamenquεt (tajeḥniṭ-is εeryan!\nMmiiiiiiiεεεeeewwwwwwwwwwww!......... Anwa akka i yesseεseq (yessuseq)?! Mačči win yekkren kan ad ak-yini d Mmi-s n Wemsed i yi-yessεesqen! Win iruḥen ala aḍar-is, awer d-yuγal! Awal yeğğa-t-id dda Lwennas: Win yeṭṭef inijel, mi d-yuaf ssebba yeḥṣel , yerra-tt i iγimi!\nD nna Newwara neγ d GWMA-tneγ Amnay, neγ d GWMA-tneγ Mack, neγ d GWMA-tneγ dda Muḥend, neγ d TAMEDDAKELT-inu Tamaziγt, neγ d GWMA-twen Winna,.. Ma d Dadda-w Wejṭuṭ awer nawi ddnub-ines!\nWin d-yusan atan wesmel, win yugin awer tuγalin! Berkat aεluleq fell-aneγ!\nViv Mmi-s n Wemsed, lu kumba kuntini!... Gelwar a nu martir!\nViv la kabili!....\nMmiiiiiiiεεεeeewwwwwwwwwwww!......... Ṣaliṭasyu n wecic fell-awen.\nhsen nat-jimaɛ - Tinin-is...\nAzul ay amyaru γef Ḥmed Umerri.\nTamezwarut tanemmirt tameqqrant a gmatneγ.\nTin akkin, ak-iniγ belli as mi d-yeffeγ udlis n Ṭahar Useddiq, γriγ-t, ferḥeγ yess, maca ufiγ belli aṭas n tγawsiwin ur d-yuri ara.\nAr ass-a llan deg at-jimaε agad ur nebγi ara a d-yeffeγ umezruy n tidett n Umerri acku llan d iεdawen-is as mi yettnaγ d irumyen.\nIhi ma tenwiḍ ad tissineḍ ugar n wayen issen Ṭahar, aru-yi-d γer tensa: tamurt2001@yahoo.com, ad ak-d-fkeγ kra n isalan ara k-εiwnen.\nḤsen... mmis n taddart n Umerri.\nazul a Ḥsen,\natan ad ak-in aruγ ass-a akken ad nqesseṛ cwiṭ γef Umerri...


Q=0	C=0	SS=0	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=1	G0=17	G1=10	G2=5	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=‘’ Axeddim-a, ad d-yeglu s kra n ubaɣur meqqren i leqdic-nniḍen ara iḍerrun akka tura deg umaḍal umḍin’’ - La Dépêche de Kabylie\nAccueil Tamazight ‘’ Axeddim-a, ad d-yeglu s kra n ubaɣur meqqren i leqdic-nniḍen ara...\nMohend Belkacem, d ajenyur n tsenselkimt, d amsideg\n‘’ Axeddim-a, ad d-yeglu s kra n ubaɣur meqqren i leqdic-nniḍen ara iḍerrun akka tura deg umaḍal umḍin’’\nMohend Belkacem, d aɛeggal deg tesmilt n uheggi n umawal n tedbelt. Nesteqsa-t ɣef ubaɣur ara d-yernu usmuzzeɣ n twennaḍt tadeblant, yenna-d :\nTaseqqamut n uheggi n umawal adeblan, tetthiggi-d leqdic n usmuzzeɣ deg twennaḍt tadeblant. Maca, aya ad iḥaz daɣen tawennaḍt di beṛṛa am yigalisen i irefden ismawen n tedbelt. D ayen ara imudden tallelt i tutlayt akken ad tazzel gar medden ama deg uxeddim neɣ gar yimdanen ticki qqaren-d ismawen n yigalisen i yersen sdat n tuddsiwin, tikebbaniyin, ixxamen n yilmeẓyen, n yidles, inarayen, neɣ imeẓla…atg, ara naf deg yimeḍqan-a. Tamsal n usmuzzeɣ mačči d ayen fessusen imi tcudd aṭas ɣer taɣult n tesnawalt. Anadi neɣ asnulfu n wawalen ɣur-s ilugan-is. Ɣef waya, i tessawel tesqamut-a i yimussnawen d yiselmaden n tmaziɣt. Leqdic ilaq ad d-yeffeɣ seg unnar n timuɣnest ɣer unnar n tussna.\nSi tama-nniḍen, axeddim-a ad d-yeglu s kra n ubaɣur meqqren i leqdic-nniḍen ara iḍerrun akka tura deg umaḍal umḍin. Tirebbaɛ n usideg i yekkren i tmerna n teqbaylit ɣer tkarḍa tamaḍalant tillellit(cartographie mondiale libre) OpenStreetMap, ad izmiren ad sqedcen awalen-a ɣer tama n yismawen n tuddar, isaffen, iberdan,…akken azekka ad naf taqbaylit deg wallalen am GPS, ladɣa akka tura imi yezmer kra n wagguren d asawen, ad nernu daɣen taɣect taqbayit. Ittusemma, amdan ad yizmir ad isexdem GPS s teqbaylit xersum di tazwara di tmurt n Leqbayel. Ass-a, tuget n yimdanen, seqdacen allalen atraren i yesseqdacen titiknulujiyin timaynutin am uselkim (Ordinateurs), tiliɣriyin tuḥricin (Téléphone intelligents), tifelwiyin n uselkem (tablettes)…atg. Allalen-a, mazal ur tefti ara deg-sen aṭas teqbaylit. Imdanen, ticki seqdacen allalen-a, ttafen deg-sen tutlayin tibeṛṛaniyin. D ayen ara d-yawin lmaḍerra meqqren i teqbaylit labeɛda i warrac ara d-yettenkkaren.\nƔef waya, acḥal d tikkelt ara d-neggar tiɣri i yimdanen akken ad suzuren s ṭaqa axeddim-nsen deg Internet, ad d-beṭṭun tiktiwin d tmussniwin-nsen i yilmeẓyen ara iqeddcen deg unnar n usideg n yifecka (localisation des outils) neɣ deg unnar n usemsel awurman n tutlayt (traitement automatique des langues). Sin-a n yiḥricen ineggura, ad ǧǧen i yimdanen ad sqedcen imeẓla (service) ama deg uselkim neɣ deg Internet s tutlayt-nsen tayemmat war ma terra-ten tmara ad smersen tutlayin tibeṛṛaniyin. Deg taggara, ad snemmreɣ Aɣmis n Yimaziɣen i yettilin yal tikkelt deg unnar akken ad d-yawi isallen i icudden ɣer leqdic yezdin i tutlayt taqbaylit. Ad snemmreɣ daɣen Mass Rabia Farid i yellan ɣef uqerru n tseqqamutt n usmuzzeɣ n twennaḍt tadeblant deg ugezdu n Tizi Uzzu, imi i aɣ-d-yefka tagnit akken ad d-nmudd ayen nessen, neɣ ad d-nerfed tamussni seg yimussnawen yellan deg unnar-a. Nessaram ad d-ḍerrunt temliliyin am tigi s waṭas.\nArticle précédentTiɣri i uttekki deg temsizzelt Mohand Akli Haddadou\nArticle suivantTacemlit n Yennayer, d abaɣur-nniḍen i tsekla


Q=9	C=9	SS=0	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=0	G0=10	G1=7	G2=6	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Author: admin Published Date: mai 1, 2020 Leave a Comment on TÉLÉCHARGER AGHANI RIFIA MP3 GRATUITEMENT\nPrécédent Milouda – ini wah Milouda -ga3 ga3 ya zobida Mimoun rafroua – kurchi ruh Mimoun rafroua – ogint riyam afatima Mimoun rafroua raynu raynu Mimoun rafroua – asqar ayur inu Min yahwan omoni Minyogin denya Morad salam – min azrigh anhara Najat tazi – ba3ad ilmosiba Suivant. Gold school ft wedl lgriya. Précédent Rabeh mariwari feat fares rai – innes iyama i baba Rabeh salam – a9a 3ad akhafi tozod Ramazo – waramrichagh waratalqagh Rgs dabohare remix Rgs fea abdelmoula Rgs freestyl Rgs jma3 jma3 Rouh ocha atahnied Sabah- ikad khafi ye3dou Sabrina – azri dayek yedjan Suivant. Précédent Chippie feat said mariouari – isona telefoun Dini dini Farida rifia – gae gae zoubida Farida rifia – mimount a milmount Hicham rifi – zi taghyocht gha tiyara Hram khem athudath Jalal – ya9arasan i yodan Laila chakir – thaw3ar thaw3ar Laila chakir – arham inoe imghar Laila chakir – wach tsimihakh Suivant. A9asakh fos inoe Abdel monaim – ma3lik qimagh da3zri Abdelmoula – ahdayas ayemas Abdelmoula – boqana boqana Abdelmoula ga3 ga3 azoubida Abdelmoula – athkhdfayie raaqar Abdelmoula – minyazo our nam Abdelmoula – ralla yama Abder feat nabil j-beezy – alhob anem Amigos mc Ayama aynou Suivant. Précédent Laila chakir tho3ar tho3ar Laila chakir – akich akich Laila chakir – inay adam bnikh Laila chakir – aawaja qayqsah Laila chakir – marchagh akich dalmosiba Laila chakir feat said mariouari – hawar hawar khafi Mani throuhad Mayami Mayamie thsmah Milouda – amimount amimount Suivant.\nGold school ft wedl lgriya. Oum kalthoum Nass el ghiwane Saad lamjarred Cheb akil Cheb nasro. Rif city est un groupe spécialiste de la chanson amazigh et surtout du rif marocain. Précédent Milouda – ini wah Milouda -ga3 ga3 ya zobida Mimoun rafroua – kurchi ruh Mimoun rafroua – ogint riyam afatima Mimoun rafroua raynu raynu Mimoun rafroua – asqar ayur inu Min yahwan omoni Minyogin denya Morad salam – min azrigh anhara Najat tazi – ba3ad ilmosiba Suivant. Derniers Albums F3aqli dartli iza3aj Yesmouni wanan Gold school ft wedl lgriya Gold school ft weld lmdina f7l ft weld lgriya.


Q=9	C=0	SS=4	LS=4	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=1	G0=14	G1=5	G2=1	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Tadiwennit akkd Akli Azwaw ɣef temlilit yid-s di Nürnberg (Lalman) ass n 14.07.2016 - Tamurt\nVous Êtes Ici: Accueil → Tadiwennit akkd Akli Azwaw ɣef temlilit yid-s di Nürnberg (Lalman) ass n 14.07.2016\nTadiwennit akkd Akli Azwaw ɣef temlilit yid-s di Nürnberg (Lalman) ass n 14.07.2016\nMack Ait-Aoudia 22 juillet 2016 1 Commentaire\nAm akken i wen t-id nura ussa agi izrin, imlal ass n 14 di yulyu Wakli Azwaw d kra imeγnasen d iqeddacen n udles di temdint n Nuremberg ilmend n tγuri n kra idrisen si sin idlisen ines. Seqsaγ-t ihi assa akken aγ d-mmel amek teḍra temlilit agi.\nAmek ihi a dda Akli i teḍra temlilit inek di Nürnberg?\nTgerrez aṭas. Llan 4 n yizwawen dinna. D acu kan yiwen deg-sen ur yelli d aneɣmas i wakken ad yaru ɣef wayen yeḍran. Axxam n temlilit d ameẓẓyan, maca yeččur (kra n 25 n yemdanen). Amur ameqran deg-sen d timγarin talmanin.\nLlan yad werjjin slan i wawal n tmurt nneγ s tlalmanit: Kabylei. Llan yad i d-inecden γef ddin n Imaziγen send ddin Imasiḥiyen neγ tineslemt. Llan yad/tid i d-yesteqsan γef tira n tmaziγt, γef isekkilen-ines. Aseqsi nniḍen d taluft n wemcaqlal gar Imaziγen akk d Waɛrabendi tmurt.\nAyen i d γriγ ufan-t yelha, ama s talmant, ama s tezwawt. Ameslay illa-d daγen γef tmeddurt di tminigt d γef iγeblan-is d tirni. Fkan-d tameẓẓuγt. Tikwal ḍsan, tikwal snuzegmen γef tmara di tmur nneγ, anida adlis nneγ ireqq cwiṭ cwiṭ. Ifessi am udfel di tefsut.\nGar asen tella yiwet n tlemẓit yemma-s d talmant, bab-as n tmurt n Bessekra (Dzayer). Tenna di tmurt n Bessekra ur ttmeslayen ara medden s wayen yelhan γef tmurt n Yizwawen.\nNietzsche Ccix Muḥend u Lḥusin asekkud yettnadin ɣef Ales\nmuhend 24 juillet 2016 à 11 h 59 min & middot; Modifier\nDi Bezekra ideg tella lka iserdas i d-cegεen ar tesdawit n Tizi di tefsut nni n 80


Q=17	C=15	SS=10	LS=0	PS=0	DC=12	LC=0	SD=0	BS=1	G0=25	G1=9	G2=2	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Tiqsiḍin n Wedlis Iqedsen Tekfa lγerba fell-asen - Site officiel des Témoins de Jéhovah\nQRIB ad awḍen tura εamayen seg wasmi i teγli temdint n Babil ger ifassen n wat Maday d wat Faras. Wali tura d acu akka iḍerrun! Atan At Isṛayil ǧǧan Babil! Amek i d-ţţuserrḥen? Anwa i ten-yeǧǧan ad ṛuḥen?\nD Sirus, agellid n Faras. Aṭas n lweqt uqbel talalit n Sirus, Yahwa yenna-d s yimi n nnbi Icεaya belli ger ifassen n ugellid-agi ara teγli temdint n Babil axaṭer tiwwura-ines ad qqiment ldint. Ayen i d-yenna meṛṛa Yahwa yeḍra. D Sirus i gezwaren zdat n wat Maday d wat Faras akken ad steεmṛen Babil. Kecmen deg yiḍ γer Babil si tewwura-ines yeqqimen ldint.\nLameεna Icεaya, nnbi n Yahwa, yenna-d daγen belli Sirus ad yefk lameṛ akken ad εiwden lebni n Yarucalim d lemqam-is. Sirus yefka lameṛ-agi? Ih. Atah wayen i gumeṛ i wat Isṛayil: ‘Ṛuḥet γer Yarucalim yerna bnut lemqam n Yahwa Ṛebbi-nwen.’ D ayen i ṛuḥen ad xedmen wat Isṛayil akken i teţwaliḍ di ţţeswiṛa-yagi.\nAt Isṛayil yellan di Babil ur zmiren ara ad uγalen irkulli γer Yarucalim imi iḍul webrid (800 kilumitrat). Aṭas deg-sen i teǧǧa ṣṣeḥḥa, ma d wiyaḍ uγalen d imγaren. Lameεna, kra, d ssebbat nniḍen i ten-yeṭṭfen. I wid yeqqimen, agellid Sirus yefka lameṛ-agi: ‘Fket lfeṭṭa, ddheb ţ-ţikciwin nniḍen i wid ara yuγalen ad εiwden lebni n Yarucalim d lemqam-is.’\nFkan ihi tikciwin i wid yekkren ad ṛuḥen γer Yarucalim. Sirus yerra-yasen ifenǧalen ţ-ţeqbucin i d-yewwi ugellid Nabuxadnuẓur si lemqam n Yahwa, di zzman-nni ideg i ghudd Yarucalim. Akka, At Isṛayil ur ţţuγalen ara ifassen d ilmawen.\nMi εeddan wazal n ṛebεa wagguren, At Isṛayil leḥqen γer Yarucalim di lawan iγef i d-ihdeṛ Ṛebbi. Ih, tamdint n Yarucalim εeddan fell-as swaswa 70 iseggasen segmi i teγli. Di leεwam-agi meṛṛa tamurt teqqim texla, ur teţwazdeγ ara. Tura m’akka i d-uγalen wat Isṛayil, ţ-ţiswiεin iweεṛen i ten-iţṛaǧun. D ayen ara nwali.\nIcεaya 44:28; 45:1-4; Σazra 1:1-11\nAkken i twalaḍ di ţţeswiṛa, acu akka i xeddmen wat Isṛayil?\nAmek i gessaweḍ Sirus ayen i d-yenna Yahwa seg yimi n Icεaya?\nAcu yumeṛ Sirus i wat Isṛayil ur nezmir ara ad uγalen γer Yarucalim?\nAcu yefka Sirus i wegdud akken a t-yawi γer Yarucalim?\nAcḥal n lweqt i qqimen wat Isṛayil deg webrid uqbel ad awḍen γer Yarucalim?\nAcḥal n lweqt i teqqim texla tmurt?\nΓer Icεaya 44:28 d 45:1-4.\nAmek i d-yefka Yahwa ṭṭmana belli ayen i d-yenna γef Sirus ad yeḍru mebla ccekk? (Icεa. 55:10, 11; Ṛuma 4:17)\nAmek i d-ibeggen wayen i d-yenna Icεaya γef Sirus belli d Yahwa i gzemren a d-imel ayen ara yeḍrun γer zdat? (Icεa. 42:9; 45:21; 46:10, 11; 2 Buṭ. 1:20)\nΓer Σazra 1:1-11.\nAm wid-nni ur nuγal ara γer Yarucalim, amek i nezmer ass-a a nεiwen wid i zemren ad ilin di leqdic n Yahwa lweqt kamel? (Σazra 1:4, 6; Ṛuma 12:13; Kulus 4:12)


Q=17	C=15	SS=0	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=2	SD=0	BS=0	G0=38	G1=2	G2=0	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Abdelkader Ariaf – Dittiyara thanya. Abdelkader-Ariaf – Rouh Amanyaghs. Agham Ourino – Abdelkader Ariaf Et. Abdelkader Maghnaoui – Mout el ghadra saiba. Abdelkader Wayway – Ochiras Orino.\nAbdelkader Ariaf – 9im zzathi Kim Zathi. Cheb Khaled – Abdelkader. Live à Paris Abdelkader Ariaf – Thagayid Telefoun. Abdelkader Ariaf – Almijal Mimount.\nAbdelkader Ariaf-Qim Zathi: Скачать mp3 песни бесплатно\nAbdelkader Ariaf – Tbarkellah. Abdelkader Ariaf – Azru Wakha Yaqsah vertaald.\nAbdelkader Ariaf – Kim Zathi. Abdelkader Ariaf – Saadinou. Abdelkader Ariaf – Zwigh Zwigh Ayamma.\nAbdelkader-Ariaf – Rouh Amanyaghs. Abdelkader Ariaf – Cham Tharham.\nAbdelkader ariaf – Arif khaso gliman. Abdelkader Ariaf – Hayat. Abdelkader Ariaf – Live Festival lHoucaima. Khaled Rachid taha faudel vs Queen – Abdelkader bites the dust Dj slay remix electro house. Abdelkader Al-Adjabi – Violin. La mort d abdelkader – Armand Amar. Abdelkader Ariaf – 9im zzathi Kim Zathi. Abdelkader Amlil et Hamid Kasri. Abdelkader Ariaf – Almijal Mimount. Abdelkader Wayway – Ochiras Orino.\nAbdelkader Chaou – Ana El Kaoui. Abdelkader Ariaf – Saida. Abdelkader Ariaf – Dittiyara thanya. Abdelkader Chaou – H’bibi. Cheb Khaled – Abdelkader. Dounia Batma – Alach Tghib ft. Agham Ourino – Abdelkader Ariaf Et. Akil Abdelkader – Alamtha t’oum. Abdelkader Ariaf – Asaadino – Official Video.\nCheb khaled – AbdelKader hafla album la meilleure version. Farzegh Zzin Nnem – Abdelkader Ariaf. Abdelkader Secteur – Le Milliardair de 90 ans. Chehilet Laayani – Chaou Abdelkader. Cheb Tahar – Abdelkader Ya Boualem! Live à Paris Ali b ft Sjaak – Abdelkader mix.\nHoba Hoba Spirit – Abdelkader. Abdelkader Maghnaoui – Mout el ghadra saiba. Abdelkader Ariaf – Thagayid Telefoun. Abdelkader Bouhi abdelkarer Sser Tebjawiyin. Abdelkader Ariaf – Mayami Mayami.


Q=5	C=0	SS=0	LS=0	PS=5	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=1	G0=14	G1=12	G2=5	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Muḥemmed Buḍyaf - Wikipedia, tasanayt tilellit\nMuḥemmed Buḍyaf, s taɛrabt محمد بوضياف, ilul ass n 23 yunyu 1919 di temnaḍt n Wled Madi deg Lwilaya n Temsilt. asmi yeḥbes ulmud-is deg useggas n 1942, yekcem ɣer uxeddim ɣer srabes n Leɣrama di temnaḍt n Jijel. Syen yekcem ɣer ukabar n waɣref Azzayri (PPA) anda yuɣal d aɣalat n tudsa n lbaḍna (OS) di temnaḍt n Qsenṭina deg useggas n 1947.\n← Ɛebdelmalek Ben Ḥbiles - Ɛli Kafi →\nWlad Maḍi akked Msila, Yunyu 23, 1919\nƐennaba, Yunyu 29, 1992\nTimenɣiwt (blessure par arme à feu )\nasertay akked amaru\nDi 1950, icureɛ, anda i ḥekmen fell-as s lḥebs. 3 n yiseggasen mbeɛd (1953) yunag ɣer tmurt n Fransa, syen yekcem ɣer ukabar n MTLD. Ur iɛeṭṭel ara, ikcem-d ɣer tmurt n Lezzayer anda yuɣal d imḍebber aɛlayan n tudsa n C.R.U.A. (Comité Révolutionnaire pour l’Unité et Action), yella daɣen ger terbaɛt n 22 i yessekren tagrawla n tmurt n Lezzayer ass n umenzu n wember 1954. Deg tuber 1956 yettwaṭṭef netta akked yimeddukal-is gar-asen At Ḥmed d wiyiḍ di tmesrifegt i ten-id-yewwin seg tmurt n Lmerruk ɣer Tunes. Asmi tefra tegrawla tazzayrit, mass Mohamed Boudiaf islul-d Akabar n Tegrawla tanemlayt (Parti de la Révolution Socialiste).\nDeg yunyu 1963 yettwaḥbes s wufus n Ben Bella, ɛezlen-t ɣer unẓul n tmurt n Lezzayer azal n 3 n wagguren, syen iruḥ ɣer tmurt n Lmerruk. Aseggas n 1972, yettruḥ yettuɣal ger tmurt n Fransa d tmurt n Lmerruk, iqeddec ɣef ukabar-is (P.R.S.) am wakken i iqeddec daɣen deg yiwet n tesɣunt El Djarida, anda yella d imḍebber fell-as. Mbeɛd tamettant n uselway Azzayri Hewwari Bumedyen deg useggas n1979, yerra talast i ukabar-is P.R.S, yuɣal ixeddem i lfayda-s deg lewzin n Lyajur di temnaḍt n Kénitra di Lmerruk. Ass n 14 yennayer 1992, Mohamed Boudiaf yuɣal-d ɣer tmurt n Lezzayer akken ad yejber iɣisi yewten di tmurt, imi lawan-nni yal tazɣunt tettɛummu di Lezzayer. Imḍebbren n tallit –nni teffeɣ-asen afus, gguman ad d-afen abrid ara yessufɣen ɣer tifrat, imi zzhir yuɣ tuddar d temdinin. Dɣa Mohamed Boudiaf yellan yettwanfa mi akken tufrar tagut ɣef tmurt imi tiktiwin-is mgaradent aṭas ɣef tid n wid yeṭṭfen adabu s yiɣil, yugi leḥkem n leɣder, leḥkem n ukabar awḥid, yerra-d i teɣri n tmurt-is, yenna dakken talwit d tifrat n tmurt n Lezzayer ad ilint s tugdut. Yewwi-d yid-s amecwar ɣezzifen, yebda lebni n tmurt ɣef tidet. 166 n wussan kan iruḥ niqal yerra-d asirem i ugdud azzayri, yerra-d ifadden i yimdanen i ifeclen niqal, yerra-d tayri ɣer wulawen, yesfeḍ asigna ɣef tmurt, maca iɛdawen n tmurt akked tudert zgan ɛussen di yal amḍiq di yal lawan. Imi, ass n 29 yunyu 1992 ɣef 11h15, tamurt n Lezzayer yeɣli-yas ujgu alemmas, yeɣli yiwen n urgaz yesɛan azal, yesrafeg usirem, imi Mohamed Boudiaf nɣan-t yemcumen di temdint n Ɛennaba.\nYettwaddem seg "https://kab.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muḥemmed_Buḍyaf&oldid=76337"\nAbeddel aneggaru di 4 Yebrir 2019, ɣef 00:01


Q=0	C=0	SS=0	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=1	G0=0	G1=0	G2=0	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Taqburt n Tefriqt n Urugbi n 2020: Taɣlamt tazzayrit tebṭel tiddit-nnes ɣer Kampala\nYeffeɣ-d ass n : Laṛebɛa, 20 Mayu 2020 12:46 Ɣran-t : 59 n tikkal\nLEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Tsemmet teɣlamt tazzayrit n urugbi n 15 tiddit-nnes ɣer Kampala akken ad turar mgal temtilt-nnes tugandit deg ukatar n wass amezwaru n Teqbuct n Tefriqt n Yiɣlanen n 2020 ay yettwawexxren ɣer uzemz niḍen ɣef lǧal n tkaɣreft n unfafad bu uqacuc.\nTaɣlamt tazzayrit attan deg tegrawt C ɣer yidis n Uganda d Sinigal, yernu tella tessewjad iman-nnes ad turar mgal Uganda deg Kampala ass n 6 Yunyu, uqbel ma tqubel Sinigal ass n 20 Yunyu deg usarir n Rrwiba (tawilayt n Lezzayer) deg ukatar n wass wis sin n teqbuct-a.\n« Mazal nettṛaju iɣtasen n Tfidiṛalit Tafriqit n Urugbi deg wayen yerzan izemzen imaynuten n temliliyin, d acu kan, ulac din ccek dakken yessefk ad nwexxer tiddit-nneɣ ɣer Kampala akken ad nurar mgal Uganda, uqbel ma nqubel Sinigal deg wayyur n Yunyu », ɣef wakken ay d-yenna Sofian Ben Hassen, aselway n Tfidiṛalit Tazzayrit n Urugbi.\nYerna-d dakken: « Nessumer-d i tnarit taslekmant n Tfidiṛalit Tafriqit n Urugbi akken ad tessuddes ass amezwaru deg tgara n useggas-a, deg Wamber neɣ deg Dujemeṛ, ma d ass wis sin, deg Fuṛaṛ n 2021, ma d takkayt tagarant deg wayyur n 2021. Ttwaliɣ dakken yessefk ad neṛju amhaz n tegnit tadawsant deg Lezzayer d Tefriqt akken ad aɣ-d-iban wamek ».\nDeg wayen yerzan Taqbuct Tamɣarbit n Urugbi n 15 Tsednan, yenna-d uselway n Tfidiṛalit Tazzayrit n Urugbi dakken tagarant mgal teɣlamt tatunsit ad d-tili deg Dujembeṛ deg Susa, d acu kan, « yessefk ad d-yili waya deffir ma yeqqel-d usleɣmu d temliliyin ».\nLast modified on Ljemɛa, 22 Mayu 2020 14:26\narugbi n 15\nTafidiṛalit Tazzayrit n Urugbi\nYeffeɣ-d ass n : Laṛebɛa, 20 Mayu 2020 12:46 Taggayt : ADDAL Ɣran-t : 59 n tikkal Bḍu


Q=0	C=0	SS=0	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=1	G0=1	G1=1	G2=1	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Yeffeɣ-d ass n : Asinas, 11 Yennayer 2022 10:35 Ɣran-t : 14 n tikkal\nIɣellaten n uwanak d unabaḍ n Umɣiwan Adamsan n Yiwanaken n Tefriqt n Utaram gan timlilit d tumdilt deg tmaneɣt taghanit yernu ɣetsen ad medlen tilisa-nsen d Mali deg ukatar n tuddsa-a tadumnaḍant yernu ɣetsen daɣ ad ssiglen imsenfalen n yifarisen n usra amenzu d Mali, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna yiwen n ulɣu ay d-yeffɣen deffir ma tfuk tqacuct-a.\nƔetsen daɣ yimḍebbren-a ad sbedden tallalt tadrimant ay ttakfen i Mali yernu ad gersen ayla n Mali deg Tbanka Talemmast n Yiwanaken n Tefriqt n Utaram. Iwanaken-a ɣetsen daɣ ad d-ɣren i yinmazalen-nsen yellan deg Mali anda ay d-llant snat tuttyiwin tiredsanin deg 2020 yernu tella-d daɣ deg-s tezɣent taɣellisant d talqayant.\nImḍebbren-a n Umɣiwan Adamsan n Yiwanaken n Tefriqt n Utaram kemmlen deg ubrid n tqacuct n Tdukli Tadamsant d Tedrimant n Tefriqt n Utaram ay d-yellan uqbel tqacuct-nsen yernu yenna-d yiwen seg yimedrawen deg tqacuct-a dakken iweddiben ay d-yettwaḥettmen ɣef Mali d « iqessḥanen aṭas ».\nMa d iduba imaliyen xebbren-d, ass n uynas, dakken ɣran-d i yinmazalen-nsen deg tmura-a yernu temdel ula d nettat tilisa-nnes tikalanin d tgennanin yid-sent, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna yiwen n ulɣu n unabaḍ amali.\nLast modified on Akras, 12 Yennayer 2022 11:26\nAmɣiwan Adamsan n Yiwanaken n Tefriqt n Utaram\nYeffeɣ-d ass n : Asinas, 11 Yennayer 2022 10:35 Taggayt : AMAḌAL Ɣran-t : 14 n tikkal Bḍu


Q=6	C=6	SS=0	LS=6	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=1	G0=15	G1=0	G2=0	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=- Photo 13 : Photo album - sofeminine\nFashionBeautyExperts ClubEntertainmentLove & SexParentingSoapsQuizzesWomen In FocusHealth & FitnessFood & DrinkHoroscopesForumAlbums\tFashion NewsStreet StyleFashion DesignerAccessoriesFashion Albums\tBarbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\nHome / Fashion / Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\tBarbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\npictures 13675 visits\tUse the left and right arrows on your keyboard to navigate the album 123456789\t1 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n2 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n3 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n4 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n5 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n6 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n7 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n8 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n9 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n10 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n11 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n12 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n13 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n14 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011\n15 . Barbara Bui Paris Fashion Week a/w catwalk photos 2011


Q=5	C=5	SS=0	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=2	SD=0	BS=1	G0=151	G1=2	G2=0	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Today's Race Report Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch.”- MFS Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch. Less than an inch.\nLA LIVE Start Another Sign-In Traffic Jam Typology\nBen King and Justin Oien paying their respects to Magic. Paying their respects hard. III\nPasadena/Rose Bowl: Chillin sdgsdfgsdfg V\nPasadena/Rose Bowl: Race VI\nPasadena/Rose Bowl: Finish Kelli and Ty love Three Twins Ice Cream! Yum! DIY Photography offers a tutorial for building your own stereo camera for capturing three-dimensional photographs AKA stereoscopy. VII\nOFFICIAL Amgen Tour of California Stage 08 PRESS CONFERENCE VIII\nCYA California! Classy, sassy and a bit smart-assy. SHARE THIS ARTICLE\nMore From 2015 Tour of California Road Racing June 26, 2017


Q=4	C=0	SS=0	LS=0	PS=2	DC=0	LC=2	SD=0	BS=2	G0=31	G1=14	G2=10	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Iperita : d afilem issendafen iyezzimen n arrhaj i yewtin x Arrif | Le RIFAIN\nIperita : d afilem issendafen iyezzimen n arrhaj i yewtin x Arrif\nAsegg°as n wufuɣ: 2017\nAsufeɣ d Tira: Mohamed Bouzaggou.\nAfares: Taziri Production\nRirart: Ḥasan Ajwaw, Btisam Ɛebbasi, Racid Ameɛtug, Benɛisa Lmestiri, Faruq Aznabeṭ, Numidiya, Muḥemmed Suṭana, Ɛebdellah Anas d Fuɛad Aẓerwal.\nAxarres : Ḥmed Zahid, Tamuzikt : Masin\nAkud: 115 min.\nBeddu n ufilm ibedda-d s ij n legnazet tettemsara di Arrif. Ula kṭer deg Ayt Sɛid. Ijjen umettin-nniḍen ittmernay ɣer inni immuten s uxenzir. Zegga lehlak-a yewwi tamennawt i waṭṭas n yimezdaɣ n ddcar-a. Ssa i d-ibedda ufilm n « Iperita» i d-yessufeɣ Muḥemmed Buzeggu. Afilem-a yettɛawaden x ijjen ddcar di Arrif deg useggas n 1983. Ittsemma zegga teɛda 60 iseggusa alaḥal x wami wtin Ispuniya Arrif s arrhaj deg umenɣi-nnsen kunṭra i yemjahden n Arrif.\nYeksi-d afilem isem-nnes zeg ijjen marka n ijjen arrhaj i zi ttuɣa ccaten Arrif. Yettɛawad x mamec bnadem d tmurt n Arrif sufran s arrhaj-a wa. Tamurt tedwel d amessuki wer tesɣemmay d bnadem i dag-s izeddɣen ittmetta s uxenzir.\n« Lmaynet tekkes-as fus i yij n ufellaḥ » ssa i d-ikka uxarres n ufilem.\nAxarres n ufilem amek yeqqar umessufeɣ d usinarist Muḥemmed Buzeggu yus-as-d zegga ijjen ufellaḥ n ddcar-nnes teḍḍuqqeẓ-as lmaynet deg uɣembub-nnes, tekkes-as fus. « Axarres issers-it-id umeddukel-inu Amari Ḥmed Zahid, zi senni ibda-d ittlula-d uxarres n ijjen ufilm d Adrami. Yettɛawaden s ij n tebridt d tabidagujit tḥajit n ca n yewdan ttɛicen deg ijjen ddcar d Arifi. Ileqf-it arhaj iwtin Ispuniya, ad yili manaya yebna x ca n trezzutin d tɣuriwin ttwaggent x usentel ».\nDeg ufilm-a nettwala dag-s mamec tarwa n ddcar tteggen tizemmar maḥend ad seddren tamurt, ad tt-cerzen. Zegga i tt-yerra arrhaj d amessuki wer tneffeɛ i walu. D manaya i yejjin imezdaɣ n ddcar-a ad ɛicen deg uraji d lehlak. Mamec i nettwala asufrar n ijjen tḥenjirt aked baba-s iquccḥen, ihelken s uxenzir. Ad immet baba-s, zi senni izumal n lehlak ad x-as banen nettat. Beddu n lehlak-nnes ad d-yass aked twasit n ijjen zeg iɛeskriyen Ispuniya i tessnjem icten zi temɣarin n ddcar tewec-as lmask-nnes i yeɣḍel zegga yewḍa d aneyzum wami ttuɣa i d-ccaten Ispunya Irifiyen s arrhaj.\nAɛeskri-ya aspanyu, yus-d da maḥend ad iɛic ussan-nnes imeggura d netta ittxes ad imsuluḥ aked min ggin ifassen-nnes d tuɛeffna. Uca Yezdeɣ di taddart n tḥenjirt-nni umi qqaren Timuc d netta ixes ad yaf afessay i imexntisen-nnes i das-dd-ittasen x umenɣi-nni. Ad teqqim Timuc tettsufra s lehlak ar ass-nnes ameggaru. Awern-as ad yegg aɛeskri-nni ijjen tinawt (conférence) s twiza n ijjen umerzu di ddusi n arrhaj d ijen uselmad di ddcar deg ijen lweqt ddewla n Lmuɣrib ttuɣa tettagi ad tessiwel x manaya.\nAfilem ad ikemmel zegga ɣa teḍḍuqqez ijjen lmaynet, bac ad yejj anfarar n ufilem innurẓem.\nBuzeggu : nxes a nessfhem min yuqɛen\nAmari yeqqar : « neccin ttuɣa nexs-it ad yili d ij n ufilem d apidaguji, ad issefhem min ismunan arrhaj aked uxenzir di Arrif. Waxxa wer nessin ca nnumru n imehlak s uxenzir di Arrif aked imukan-nniḍen di Lmuɣrib. Maca ittxessa-aneɣ ɣir a nessen belli di Arrif, axenzir wer yexḍi ula d ijj n lwacun wer zzag-s hliken ».\nMaca afilem-a wer yeksi bu lḥeqq-nnes n taynit i yttexssa a ɣer-s tili, d netta issawal x ijjen uɣezdis x twengimt icerken jer Arrif d Spaniya. Qaɛ wer t-fsiren ca deg ixxamen n sini Imeɣrabiyen. Minzi issawal x ijjen usentel yettɣima ɛad yemxumbel deg umezruy n Snapiya d Lmuɣrib. Yerni yenna uamri n ufilem : « Sekken-d ɣer-neɣ maḥend a nefsar afilem berra i Lmuɣrib, deg Uruppa. Ttwaliɣ mala ẓrint iwdan deg Uruppa ataf d manayenni i nrezzu neccin minzi ad issiweḍ tabrat-nnes, ataɣ manayenni ad yejj ixxamen n sini di Lmuɣrib ad t-fesren ».\nYerni yenna : « Afilem wer izemmer ad igg min x-as ɣir mala cerken iɣezdisa merra deg usussen-nnes. Asussen s min d-ijja arhaj i tessxdem Spanya deg umenɣi-nnes kunṭra i Arrif. Afilem-a izemmer a x-as xedment ula d timemsunin ixeddment deg yiger-a. Ttexsent ad wcent addur i temnaḍt-a ittsufran ɛad zeg umenɣi-ya ».\nSpaniya tugi a tetter awadem, d Irifiyen ɛad ttmettan\nSalim Belmeẓẓyan ijjen zeg inni irezzun deg yiger aɛeskri. Yenna belli deg useggas n 1921 tsinya Spaniya ijen kunṭra aked Uliman bac ad sennɛen ca n lesnaḥ d akimawi, d lmaynat d lebraqi ɛemmrent s ca n tmeslayin nneqqent ameknaw afusjin, d klurupikrin, d udifusjin deg ijjen fabrika di Madrid. Waxxa Aliman ttuɣa isnya ijjen kunṭra i yettagin x usenneɛ n ddegg-a n lesnaḥ niɣ azenzi-nnsen.\nAsentel n arrhaj ittwasxedmen deg umenɣi n Arrif itteḥdaja maḥend ad immers zzat i tiṭṭawin n Imeɣrabiyen d Ispnuya, d manaya ig irezzu a ɣer-s yaweḍ ufilm-a n « Iperita» maḥend ad rren taynit i min d-yejja umenɣi-nni x Arrif d Irifiyen d tifeqqaɛ. Ar yiḍ-a aṭṭas n iwdan ig ittmettan di Arrif, axenzir i ten-ittejjan ad mmten.\nIwdan i yettrajan ddewla n Lmuɣrib ad tɛebbeẓ x Spanya maḥend a tetter awadem zi min tegga di Arrif, am wenn ittrajan ad tnewwar tmellaḥt. Beɛda ammu i yettban ccɣel zi lebda, ɣir mala ibeddel lḥal waha zi ssa d usawen.\nAmegraḍ yettwaksi-d zi tira n :Mayssa Agzennay Benmusa (Globalvoices)\nΓer ɛawed: « Adiós Carmen » d afilem yecnan i yessersen llsas i Sini Tarifit


Q=15	C=13	SS=8	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=0	G0=48	G1=11	G2=1	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Muḥend Aberkan d Ccix n lǧameɛ - isallen.info isallen.info\nD 11 n yiḍ. Ccix n lǧameɛ yesla i tyitiwin di tewwurt n uxxam-is, iruḥ yeldi. Yaf-it d Muḥend Aberkan, lǧar-is asekran.\n— Salamu ɛalikum ! D acu k-id-yecqan akka di lawan-a, a Muḥend Aberkan ? Ha-tt-an d leḥdac n yiḍ tura, seg yiḍes i yi-d-tsekreḍ.\n— Ibba d kečč i yi-d-yecqan, a ccix, ssalam u raḥmatuhu ! Tixer-ik akin ɣef tewwurt, eǧǧ-iyi ad d-kecmeɣ, ɣur-i lhedra yid-k.\n— Kcem, kcem. A-t-an uxxam-iw d axxam-ik. Ɛeddi ɣer din ar uṣalu ad teqqimeḍ, tura ad ak-d-awiɣ lqahwa ad d-uɣaleɣ.\n— Nu nu nu nu… ! Ala, ur ḥwajeɣ ara lqahwa-k ɣef 11 n yiḍ, rwaḥ uɣal-d ɣer da, d kečč ay ḥwajeɣ. Ha-t-an, ha ! Qqim akken tura dinna taneqbala-w, tiniḍ-iyi-d ! Acuɣer akka ur teddineḍ ara ɣef lɛica iḍ-agi ?\n— Nniɣ-ak a gma d taqsiḍt meqqren. Aql-aɣ « en grève » nekkni s lecyax n leǧwameɛ, ɣef waya ur ddineɣ ara akk ass-a, la lefjer, la ṭṭhur, la lɛaṣer, la lmeɣreb, wala lɛica… Ah, ah ah… Atan la d-teṭṭeɛdiɛeḍ akk s ccrab, teswiḍ aql-ak-id a Muḥend ?\n— Ddin uqabac ! Ɛni armi d tura i yi-d-tɛeqleḍ d Muḥend ! A nniɣ-ak swiɣ, ih ! Yerna iḍ-agi dagi ar ɣur-k ara tt-wteɣ arma d ssbeḥ. Tebɣiḍ ṭṭeṣ, tebɣiḍ qqim. Ass-agi tḥebseḍ tuddna, nekk temdel-d fell-i tmeṭṭut tawwurt, ur yi-tettaǧǧa ad kecmeɣ. Ba seg zik mi qqimeɣ di lbar, lawan n lɛica mi d-sliɣ teddneḍ, ad ruḥeɣ s axxam-iw. Tettarraḍ-iyi-d ɣer ubrid, ad k-ifekker Rebbi ɣef cchada. Lameɛna ass-agi aql-ik « en grève », ibba wteɣ-tt armi d-yeɣleq lbar. Tura qabel-itt kečč, ḍebber i uqerry-ik ! Wamma acuɣer ur tetteddneḍ ara yeɛni ?\n— Nniɣ-ak neḥbes lxedma nekkni s lecyax-agi n leǧwameɛ, a nettnadi ad aɣ-rnun cwiṭ di ssuma, drus maḍi ay aɣ-ttaken. Tura ma d iḍes i tebɣiḍ ad teṭṭseḍ ɣur-i, mreḥba yis-k, ma d tuddna ur tteddneɣ ara, dayen. Yerna acḥal d abrid i ak-nniɣ tixer-ik i tissit ! Wamma ayɣer ara k-teǧǧ tmeṭṭut-ik di berra lemmer ur teswiḍ ara yerna teqqimeḍ ar lweqt-a ?\n— Tixer-iyi a ccix, ḥebber i lhemm-ik, eǧǧ win-iw azekka ad yefru. Ba tura kečč teqqareḍ-iyi tixer i tissit, nekk qqareɣ-ak tixer i tẓallit d tuddna. Lukan tuɣeḍ awal-iw, truḥeḍ tnudaḍ axeddim, mačči akken axir-ak, wala ad tettrajuḍ ddewla melmi ara ak-tefk sin frakat ɣef tuddna-k !\n— Ccɣel-agi meqqer a Muḥend ! Amek ara ǧǧeɣ abrid n Rebbi, ad tebɛeɣ abrid n cciṭan, ad t-yexzu Rebbi inɛel-it ! Rnu-yas nekk ur ssineɣ i kra, ma mačči d tuddna neɣ d taẓẓallit, ur zmireɣ ad xedmeɣ acemma. Acu ara xedmeɣ ?\n— Ba tura dagi, ma tebɣiḍ ad ḍebbreɣ fell-ak, a ccix, ḥess-iyi-d kan ! Keččini taɣect-ik ma ca’a allah, tecbeḥ yerna tesɛa sser, teǧhed daɣen. Alukan ad iyi-taɣeḍ awal, ssneɣ yiwen d amdakel, ɣur-s astudyu, ad k-awiɣ ɣur-s ad txedmeḍ. Ad ak-d-nwali walbeɛḍ n yimedyazen ad ak-d-yexdem isefra n lɛali, albeɛḍ n yimuzisyanen ad asen-isili lmuziga, ad d-yeqqim fell-ak ala ccna. A besmelleh u yalleh ! Tafsut ha-tt-an qrib ad d-taweḍ, ad d-tebɛezqeḍ s walbeɛḍ n tuɣac ɣef Tefsut Imaziɣen, kra n tezlatin n tayri i « les ados » ad txedmeḍ « succès ». Anebdu daɣen, kra n tezlatin n lfuruḥ, dɣa ad tawḍeḍ taqacuct, idrimen ad tɛumeḍ deg-sen…\n— A bbwa bbwa bbw… ! Ayen akk i yi-tmennaḍ a Muḥend ! Nniɣ-ak izad-ak ssikran ass-a. Qqim kan tura ṭrankil mulac ad d-tsakiḍ arraw-iw, ha-ten-ah ṭṭsen. Yeqqim-d umɛic iḍmen-it sidi Rebbi lɛalamin.\n— Ala, ala, ala, a ccix ! Nekk « sérieusement » i ak-d-heddreɣ ! « tu vois » ! Ibba, smana-yagi ad ak-tt-fruɣ, « tu vois » ! Muḥemmed Lamin akka am kečč i yella zik, wali kan tura anda yuweḍ ! Alukan mačči d ccna, ad t-tsiweḍ tuddna-s akka yuweḍ ass-a ? Xzu cciṭan a ccix, aɣ-iyi awal, ad ak-aɣeɣ awal ula d nekk. Azekka ad ḥebseɣ tissit, kečč bdu ccna…\nSɣur Hocine Louni


Q=5	C=3	SS=2	LS=1	PS=0	DC=0	LC=0	SD=0	BS=4	G0=79	G1=56	G2=29	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=Ad yili cra n umadan taɣeṛma nnes ma ay d ar ittini? Matta wamag nettacez zeg tiɣɣuṛma n kra n uɣref akkʷ matta netta?\nIseqsiten ad mrayen bahra minzi ran cigan n uswigem far ad negger i trarit ɣif-sen. Ad nannay mas ikka ufgan issusen taɣeṛma.\nX uɣbalu n «Lexilogos» ugmeɣ asussen waniti:\nLa civilisation: 1- Fait de se civiliser. 2- Ensemble de ce qui caractérise les grandes sociétés humaines: la religion, la morale, les acquis scientifiques et techniques, etc.\nTamennida nnes g Teɛṛabt: ثقافة، تمدين، تمدن، مدنية، حضارة، تحضر\nS Tmaziɣt, taɣeṛma tga t:\n1- adday innuɣṛem cra, 2- tagrumma n akkʷ mayed issɣeḍmen amunen ufginen ixataren: ahedrun, tarefsa, imaɛinen isunanen d isenzalen, atg.\nIɣ nbedda ɣif usussen ddeɣ ad nsuflu (déduire):\n-Is tbedda tɣeṛma ɣif tagrumma urid yan uferdas.\n-Is tga ayenna issɣeḍmen amunen ufginen ixataren.\n-Is tezdey d uhedrun, tarefsa, d imaɛinen isunanen d isenzalen.\nTirsal n tɣeṛma:\n-Axermis axatar n ufgan urid n umudar, urid yan uferdas ufgin.\n-Ahedrun, tarefsa, usun, asenzel …\nAseflil ddeɣ ar aɣ igelley ɣif wad nemmseqsa ɣif mayed igan amun ufgin axatar?\nId ixater s ufḍin n iferdasen nnes mid ixater s wamag n wis ila tizzulya (la valeur) tamajjyalt. Mec ttufergel tixitert tufḍint, ar matta awettu?\nUr ittubdir uwettu ufḍin. Heyya ku axermis ufgin, imci nna ira ad t ig, ila taɣeṛma nnes. S mi?\n-Ig iga uhedrun yan wazda ger ufgan d umeɣni nnes hat ur ikkul ad ifles ku axermis g yan umeɣni akkʷ ma, ur ikkul ad imuhed s yan imec akkʷ ma.\n-Iḥ iman uhedrun g trefsa hat ur ikkul ad yili ku axermis (groupement humain de petite ou de moyenne importance, peuplade, selon un écrivain) irafisen nnes.\n-Ineḥ idder uxermis ɣif yan usatam (espace) hat ur ikkul ad yarey iɣef nnes zeg ucelḍiy, timjiwac, umetna, d udfel. Heyya ad ikcem s ifri neɣ iska agʷerbi, neɣ taxendaccut, neɣ taḥenḍṛut, tigemmi, ibergmmi…, mar ad iddel ajanig nnes s timelsit swa s ifer n waddag, neɣ agʷlim n umudar, neɣ inzaḍen nnes neɣ taḍuṭ nnes, neɣ s incew n iskallaɛen, ad yaweɣ swa g tfiyyi n waylalen neɣ imitar yaɣen taraksut nnes. Aya iga udmawen n usenzel d imaɛinen isunanen. S mi?\nAsag yuser (avoir besoin) ufgan ad yarey (protéger) amessuy nnes zeg udmawen n unezwi ixxan hat ad iswingem g imaliḍen ma s ittesku azedduɣ nnes, ur ikkul ad yannay iselli d tallaɣt neɣ irris (argile), ur ikkul ad issiley yan ucbar s imaliḍen ddeɣ, s uya ila usun n uskar (neɣ asunsker: savoir-faire). Ur ikkul diɣ ad yannay tallaɣt teqquṛ aha teskeflilley ɣ uzmez n uzirez alley tekkʷar s ibexsa alley tga amm iceqfa n ca n usekkin afercix.\nUr ikkul ad isuflu is iẓenẓaṛen ittiqiqen n tafuyt ar ttesɣaṛen tallaɣt, i ma ax ad ur yarem ad iggʷ tallaɣt aha imsel imis nna ira amm uqelluc aha isɣeṛ t s tafuyt neɣ s takat lumen kud t izutef ? Aya iga yan udmu (concept) ɣif usekrey (La fabrication) n ifecka n irris. Imci s ami da ttiɣileɣ is ikka ufgan azayku ar iswingim far ad yaf arudzem (la solution) i ukaris nnes d wanemri nnes.\nS mendat izutef anagen n wacal, aha isɣeṛ ten s takat aha fsiyen dat as, kud semmiḍen sraren aqsaḥ nsen. I ma ax ad ur yarem ad issefsey uzzal taf ad issekrey azduz d imassen yaḍen?\nImiq s imiq, ar ittedmu iskkinen nna izennen (avoir besoin) aha ar ten ittehkac s wuzzal, s ukeccuḍ, s uqezzuy (iɣeṣṣ). Ca s ittedder ittemhaz usunesker nnes. Azutef n temsi iga yan uduḥel ilan tawuri acku s takat issusged mennaw n irsan (les métaux), s takat ar ittarey amessuy (corps) nnes zeg uflaḍ, ar ismuttuy isekkin iquṛaṛen, iqesḥen s ileggʷɣen, uḍɣiɣen, d iḥrarayen neɣ ungiyen, s takat ar issiwid amudar aḍuṛas asxerwaz, s takat ar issenwa aksum nna ikkes i umudar. Yudsa azutef n takat kud iwwet s tmica yan wansa aha uyellan ifeṭṭiwijen s ugudey alley yaɣ uballaɣ (flamme).\nIdma takat amm yan ulakib (force) issiwiden, aha imuhed t mar ad ur as tessekmaḍ amessuy neɣ azedduɣ. Yannay diɣ neɣ isella i usman jdern yan umudar di neɣ yan ufgan din. Idma usem amm is iga yan ugari nna s da ikkat umeɣni afgan neɣ amudar far ad t ismuyel (sanctionner) ifken t mar ad ur t ijder. Ilula uhedrun g wacal aha immuttey s igenna. Ar ittiɣil is illa fella-s yan unmater (contrôleur) n isakiren nnes. Iɣ yucer han imeɣni yannay t aha ur ikkul ad t issekmeḍ s usem. Teg takat tadugamt (symbole) n uslubbeḍ (anéantissement), yan watta (esprit) nna ur as d yusi ad ur t isfuzel.\nYuccel ad as tnem twada far ad issitem iɣef nnes i tunant. Tawada inemn tga awettu n ta dda ifeṛɣen.\nTlula trefsa. Yuser ufgan ad yarey amessuy nnes, ikkes agʷlim n umudar nna irra amm ufunas, izimmer, aɣaḍ aha iddel is. S mendat (progressivement) yurem taḍuṭ d inzaḍen, ar isselwum ifilan nsen, ar ittekmas ifilan alley gan taratsa, iles t yufa dis tiṛɣi. Kud ila ger ifassen nnes imassen yaḍen, issemres ten alley ilkem aḥermil (le niveau) n dɣi.\nAsunesker n uzeṭṭa ikka iga ugyin, ar ittemhaz alley ilkem aḥermil ukris. Aya iga asenzel ilulan dar ufgan azayku, aha g ujerrid n wukud, ar ittemhaz (évoluer) alley yiweḍ udem nnes atrar. Illa ḍaṛt imassen iqbuṛen amm imaynuten yan usun imehzen s umendat alley ilcem aḥermil nnes anemtuta. Ikka ufgan aqbuṛ ar ittemsawaḍ s isillifen far ad issefru ayenna n wawal (voix) ittefɣen imi nnes.\nMar ad imzalal ger iwaliwen, ifka i ku wawal akarij nnes ɣif tifliliyt, ɣif iɛzufen n igujjifen, ɣif ugʷlim n imitar nna issegred. Ismun ikarijn ddeɣ g yat tayukt (unité) aha izdey t s usekkin nna izutef amm useknaf (allen, imjjan…) neɣ islliwen, aman, acal… Ifka as anaba (le sens) nnes. Ar ittemhaz wawal s umendat, g ujerrid n wukud, ar issaɣ imassen nna ismuttey amm iɣṣan n imitar nneɣ nna iɣna ɣif yan udem ittemsasan d unemri nnes s tayukt n isekkilen.\nIswingem far ad issaɣ asekkin nna yufa neɣ iɣna. Ilula iles isselkamen tawengimt tugyint imci nna tekka zi bisemdi (depuis jadis). Kud ittenyuddu iles ger iferdasen n yan uyetmi (le clan, la tribu) ittezur, itteɣzif, ittyarer (être vacciné) s ilsawen n iyetman imerjalen (voisins).\nIlula umyarar n ilsawen. Mec da ttinin isenlasen (les linguistes) is ur igi iles xas allal n usefru n twengimt, n idmuten (les concepts), n igzuten (les notions), maca iga imisy n tdelsa hat iman ids neɣ imyaway d ids alley iga yan udem zeg udmawen nnes. Iɣ ar aṭṭun isnefganen ger tadelsa tusliht d tamatant, hat ar tessefriqqis tdelsa s ma s tella (reflèter) aṛaɛa n ufgan azayku d umaynu g tyazilt nnes, g ugama as igan asuty, g uwtem d tawtmt, g umudar. Iḥ neɣṛa yat tudyizt, neɣ umiy (légende), adamin (fable), anafis (conte), tasisawt (nouvelle), asisaw (petit roman), anagif (roman) ur nekkul ad naf idisan ddeɣ imci nna adday nesɣilel (contempler) yan usabir (rite), yan unasiy (tradition), yan umayir (habitude) ad naf akkʷ iferdasen ddeɣ.\nIs ila Umaziɣ tiɣɣuṛma nnes?\nDat n wad rareɣ ɣif iseqsi agi yuf is serraɣ zeg iles Amaziɣ, zeg tawalt n tɣeṛma d mayed ids imsen. Ar ttinin itsen Imaziɣen n wammas i yan usku n iselli d tallaɣt ittyaḍṛen d walim, ilan kuẓ n iweddimen (Tours), ittuskan i usṭaṛ (le dépôt) n ilazizen (les marchandises) iɣṛem nna mi da qqaṛen Imaziɣen n iffus Agadir. Ar t i ttinin itsen i tgemmi taxatart. Iɣṛem iga asku immyawan d uzutef n ukʷfas (la culture) acku ar gi-s tteffern Imaziɣen imendi d uzatim, udi, tamment, d itagiren nsen (les documents)… Iga tamatart n ubenɣel (la stabilité) acku zeg is ila Umaziɣ asunesker n tuẓẓut d ukʷfas as ibenɣel tama n igran nnes maca ur izri tiksi (takessa) n imitar nna issegred (apprivoiser), acku ar as takka aksum, agʷlim, taḍuṭ, inzaḍen neɣ izeblan, akʷfay, udi, aɣɣu...\nTakessa ar ti tgelley ad ismuttey ansa nnes ɣ uncek n umir (tagerst, anebdu), s ifeɣlil (Action de garder le bétail loin de chez soi nuit et jour selon Mr Ahmed Haddachi). Afarem (la pratique) n iramiden (les activités) udmisen igliy t ad idmu (concevoir) tigemmi nnes igan axeṛbic nna iska s iselli d tallaɣt, aha iddel t s udaris (rang) n iḥniyen d teḥniyin (les poutres, les poutrines), aha islutem (entasser) ɣif-sen yan wanaw n wacal, day yudja tinibba issekcamen asidd, neɣ issufuɣen aggu s afella.\nIdma axeṛbic nnes amm is iffeɣ zeg udrar, neɣ tawrirt alley mec ira ca ad yaley s tebḍant (plafond) ar ittekka ḍaṛt uzedduɣ asel n wad issemres tisekkilya (échelle). Iska t ɣif yan usanaz (forme) isemdaren i iramiden udmisen, iska aɣajam ur ilin xas yan wakam t issekcamen far ad yasey imendi nnes, yuǧǧa yan usatam (espace) s ijguten (les colonnes) i imitar nnes (ulli d tiɣeṭṭen) far ad ten yarey zeg uflaḍ (le froid) aha issaɣ t s umaylal, yuǧǧa diɣ yan uɣajam (chambre) s ustes (mangeoire) nnes i uyyis neɣ i userdun, neɣ i uɣyul nnes, yuǧǧa diɣ wayyaḍ i ifunasen, issegrem (résérver) yan ufital i inebgawen nnes.\nAya ar issenɛad is iswingem g imc n tiski swa n iɣṛem ismun ayetmi neɣ axermis, neɣ tigemmi igan tusliht (privée) nna mi da iqqaṛ axeṛbic, lumen itsen Imaziɣen, acku win iffus ar ttinin axeṛbic i wansa n tmezgida nna g ssiriden imẓilla iseknafen nsen dat n wad ẓẓallin. Maca ur issin xas udem ddeɣ n tiski, hat issen awed anaw n tgemmi imyalayen, neɣ udem n ubergmmi neɣ aḥerraḥru nna da ittesku g ugecraraḍ (position dominante, point difficilement accessible, selon un écrivain) amm itsen iɣeṛman.\nG iles Amaziɣ ar nettafa assaɣen amm tisefri ittinin talayt tamajjyalt n tgemmi, tizeqqi ittinin aɣajam n ddaw wacal ittusegermen i wufur n imendi, d ugnar i uɣajam amajjyal akkʷ i wufur, tallunt i waday amazdar n tgemmi, akluy i wansa illan anir n tgemmi, aɣgemmi i uɣajam issekcamen s tgemmi (vestibule), aknul i wansa n umater, asutey i uyenna innḍen i uzedduɣ, agella neɣ tasetturt i tewrut n wulli d tiɣṭṭen. Di nna illa iɣṛem neɣ ugadir hat tella yat tegrumma (ensemble) n iwdan nna ur ilin yan ufaḍin udsis (nombre limité).\nAr ttinin Imaziɣen diɣ aɣṛum. Ma ay d izdiyen aɣṛum d iɣṛem? Axes ur igi ayenna ikecmen iɣṛem wan imendi (irden, tumẓin…)? Da ttiɣilɣ is ur igi xas ayenna nniɣ acku Imaziɣen ar ssaɣen ca n usekkin s ugalim (adjectif) nnes amm adday inin aɣyul (brun) igan agalim n inil (couleur) i umudar nna ittyassen ɣ uncek Mass Oumad Mohammed, neɣ nnan tuɣṛift i takrunt (forme ronde de pain) iddeɣ da si-s tɣeṛṛef tasdent itteggʷan aggʷren (awwren) far ad tessenw aɣṛum.\nUr ikkul ad immuttey unaba n usekkin ad zeg umatan s uslih. Ikka tin ar ittini imendi ikecmen iɣṛem aha idwel ar ittini asanaz n wučči mi iga waday nnes (sa base) awwren n irden neɣ tumẓin neɣ axellad (amezgur, asengar). Mec iga iɣṛem yan waẓey n tiɣɣuṛma hat iga uɣṛum wayyaḍ.\nIddeɣ ur ttuyaqqilen Imaziɣen ad ḥbibḍen (conserver) ayenna sṭeṛn farsen izerfan d izmaz. Afares n izerfan d izmaz isufer i wudus n wamun. Afares ddeɣ tamatart n uswingem izdiyen d usda (la réalité) taf ad frun Imaziɣen ikarisen nsen izdiyen s unires (la sûreté) d tiɣɣulsa (la sécurité), minzi s usnires d useɣles as da ittili ubenɣel g tmazirt. Abenɣel iḍulley i ufares.\nAfares ukʷfis ar ittemmyaway d ubenɣel. Ad ilkem ufgan s umata, d Umaziɣ s unfal aḥermil n wad issufeɣ zeg ifsan aɣṛum hat ur isrirey, aha yuser uya asemres n imassen wan tazzlaft d uzutef n wafa (takat, tamsi). Aya ar issenɛad yan umuttey uɣṛim imci nna da issenɛad yan umhaz n iles, acku ku asekkin ilulan ar iglley (obliger) id babin d isetlal nnes ad as afin/afint assaɣ ma s inna ad ittyassen. Is da ittlal wassaɣ asel n unumzeg (intervention) n ufgan asag ilula usekkin mid bab nnes neɣ lal nnes ayed t issaɣen? Dat n wad rareɣ ɣif useqsi ddeɣ ixatren riɣ ad ssectiyeɣ s mayed inna usenlas ameqran Tcumski (Chomsky) n wis iga iles tanuluft neɣ aɣnanay. Iɣ ittuɣna ufgan ɣif usanaz nna nessen akkʷ aha ar as itteffeɣ wawal imi han awal ittuɣna neɣ iga tanuluft. Id iles s unaba n tagrumma n iwaliwen ilan yan unaba iccaren ger iferdasen n yat tegrumma tufgint hat iga tiɣni n ufgan s tyazilt nnes.\nMan imec? Mec nenkuser (nserra) zeg wannaz (l’époque) nneɣ ad nannay is afgan ifarsen imis ayed t issaɣen acku assaɣen imaynuten ur ǧǧin kkin kud ur ta lulan imassen imaynuten. Iles iga ayenna ifares ufgan aha msasan ɣif-s iwdan swa s imec usrid neɣ s ik arusrid s unaba n unyuddu n wassaɣ ger iwdan iddeɣ ittuyassen usekkin ikecmen tamazirt nsen s wassaɣ nna s fkan id babin neɣ isetlal nnes. Aya zeg yan waẓey, id zi wayyaḍ mec nesrey assaɣen ad nna ikka Umaziɣ iɣna far ad issaɣ itsen iḥeclafen ad nzutef aḥermil n usenflel dar-s:\n*Ilesfunas :Iles (aseknaf) + afunas (amudar), iddeɣ ila uḥelfis waniti asanaz amm win ufunas isselɣ iles i ufunas far ad ifek assaɣ amaynu i usekkin ad.\n*Iferbaɣus: Ifer (aferdas, aseknaf) + abaɣus (amudar), iddeɣ ila uḥelfis agi ifer igan amm ufus n ubaɣus x usanaz, isselɣ ifer i ubaɣus amm is ila umudar ddeɣ ifer aha islal tawalt tamaynut igan dɣi assaɣ i usekkin waniti.\n*Aḍaṛtbir: Aḍaṛ (aseknaf) + atbir (amudar), iddeɣ ila uḥelfis ddeɣ aḍaṛ amm win utbir, isselɣ aḍaṛ i utbir taf ad yaf ad issaɣ asekkin ad.\nGgudin wassaɣen uddisen itteggan imedya ɣif tiɣni n yiles Amaziɣ zund ilemdis, iɣezdis, aɣeṣmar (assaɣen n iseknafen)... Ayenna issenɛaden is iswingem Umaziɣ g isekkinen nna ikka iɣna neɣ nna izutef, neɣ idsey (importer) far ad yaf ad ten issaɣ. Afares n iles ur ikkul ad imyaway d ufares n tdelsa s unaba nnes uslih d umatan.\nAṛaɛa n Umaziɣ g tyazilt nnes, g ugama, x umudar, g tawtmt nnes, g wamun illa x mayed ifares ɣ iḥermilen ad s sin idsen. Ikka tin ar isfuzul anẓaṛ. Anasiy n uɣenja iga yan udem n umuhed dar Imaziɣen meqqaṛ ar ittufaram zeg iḥenjiren d tḥenjirin acku iga tutra n unẓaṛ asag illa uzirez.\nIkka ar ittiɣil Umaziɣ is ar isseblulus unẓaṛ awed tisednan ur ittarun, ayenna as ar tterdabent s tmeqqa nnes far ad urunt. Aya ar ittusentam s wassaɣ n tiselt n unẓaṛ, s taḥḥuyt nna da ttasint tḥenjirin d uɣenja igan imis n wučči.\nAzan n unasiy ddeɣ n ufkan (amuhed) ar ittini is yura uɣenja n teslit, is ar isdiddiy ufẓu (la famine) amun, is ran/rant zeg ucamin nsen/nsent igan anẓaṛ ad isseblules (féconder) acal taf tzubdu (continuer) tudert.\nAnasiy (tradition) waniti ar issenɛad aṛaɛa n Umaziɣ aqbuṛ x ugama, g tawtemt, ɣ wamun. Taḥḥuyt tga tadugamt (symbole) n teslit, tislit da tessenwa tiram ar tessemras aɣenja, tislit tga igejdi n tigemmi, iɣ ur telli ur da ittili učči, iḥ ur illi učči ur da ttili tudert. Učči ikka-d aseɣzew (fertilisation) n unẓaṛ i wacal, neɣ aseblules nnes i tawtemt.\nAṛaɛa nnes s tawtemt yaksul d win wacal. Anẓaṛ ar ittɣebdal (irriguer) acal, ar issa ufgan, awtem ar ittili ibelɣuyen, ar isseblulus tawtemt, ar tturew, mec tga tamgagrut (stérile) ur ttuyaqqil ad tetter aseblules usrid n ucamin igan anẓaṛ s urdab nnes ddaw tmeqqa nnes. Ayenna issefrun yan umiy Amaziɣ ittinin is tekka tin yat twessart tusey ayeddid ɣif tadawt nnes aha teggufey s tqeccumt n udrar day twejjeɣ aha tini: nec ayed iɣnan tullut (l’existence) aha israr t ucamin s umeddargu (rocher).\nUmiy agi ar issenɛad aṛaɛa n ufgan Amaziɣ lumen tawtemt g tyazilt nnes d ugama. Tga iɣef nnes timeɣnit n umaḍal aha teggufy. Ayeddid iga yan imis as ttasin iwdan aman, ur ikkul ad ig tadugamt n useknaf nnes nna da issirir uwtem s ibelɣuyen nnes (les spermes).\nMaca iddeɣ tesbijjeg (être fière) s tiɣni nnes aha tezruret (nier) taganta (action) tarusridt (indirecte) n ucamin igan anẓaṛ ɣif ubrid n uwtem t isseblulsen israr t ucamin s umeddargu ur yakkan amya, igan amm yan ugudiy n iɣṣan ur isufiren i umya (qui n’est valable pour rien).\nTawtemt tga acal nna da isseblulus unẓaṛ. Tudert tlula zi tamunt n wacal d waman, zeg tamunt n tawtemt d uwtem. Iɣ ur llin waman ur ttili tudert meqqaṛ illa wacal. Ayennaɣ as imuhed Umaziɣ anẓaṛ aha issaɣ inilen ittefraren (paraître) g igenna asag isrew s tislit n unẓaṛ, ayennaɣ as isul icebber g unasiy igan asabir, ayennaɣ as isul da ittegger i wacal aha issuden afus nnes meqqaṛ izdel (adopter) ihedran yaḍen (religions).\nIs yamu Umaziɣ g tɣeṛma tamaḍlant mid uhu?\nDat n wad rareɣ ɣif useqsi agi ixatren riɣ ad ssectiyeɣ s mayed ikka inna usedyan Caɣl Andɣi Julyan ɣif idlisen Imaziɣen iqbuṛen nna issenhubber (endommager) ca n ucengu akkʷ ma nna ikka isug tamazirt. Maca ur nessin ma s ttyaran id-s iles Amaziɣ mid ca yaḍen.\nƔ uncek n tugga (témoignage) n isedyanen (historiens) ikka ugellid Yuba Amezwaru neɣ Wiss Sin yamu g usun aqbuṛ, imci nna yamu Ufulay g unagif, d uswagman Uɣeṣṭin g uswingm, d ufelzaf n udayin, asertal n usunmen Ɛebderreḥman Iwi-s n Uxeldun x usedyen d ufelzef n udayin, d umirem Ɛebbas Iwi-s n Ufernas nna yurem ad yayel zeg yan uweddim anejgagal aha yaɣ acal igez t, maca amun s ilsawen yaḍnin amm Ulatin d Uɛṛeb.\nUr ikkul ad ilin wiyyaḍ nna ur ssineɣ neɣ ur ta ten izutef awed yan. S ucrad (vraiment) ad yaru cra s iles ur igin winnes ur inni ad as ikkes tanettit nnes. Maca llan itsen ar tsenbaren (considérer) asneflel n Mass Cukri Muḥammed d Aɛṛab iddeɣ yaru s iles Aɛṛab meqqaṛ ur iffir tamusi nnes Tamaziɣt, mɣaṛ ilsa aḥruy yusin tamatart n Imaziɣen, asekkil n yaz.\nAyennaɣ as iḍulley (être nécessaire) ad yuru ku asneflal s iles nnes, d usekkil nnes mec illa far ad ifek tamatart n tullut d tudert nnes, mar ad ur as yacer ca tamenga nnes (gloire). S tirra as ittmuttuy ufgan zeg uḥermil utliy (oral) s udcil (écrit). S tirra as da ittili yan wudem zeg wudmawen n tɣeṛma igan adlis.\nAdlis iga wan usalay (musée), ar itteḥbibiḍ aswingem n yan wamun akkʷ ma. Adday yiri ca n ucengu ad islubbeḍ wayyaḍ da as issekmaḍ takafut n idlisen nna yaru neɣ nna ila. Ur illi mayed ikkaten taɣeṛma n yan wamun g wabuḍ nnes anect ajdar n idlisen nnes d usenhubber n timitar n tɣeṛma nnes. Llan wudmawen yaḍen igan timitar n tɣeṛma Tamaziɣt amm uzeṭṭa d ileqḍen nnes, d izuzaf n uẓṛef d wuṛeɣ.\nG iɛbanen ar nettafa aqeydur, taqebbut, aẓennaṛ neɣ axidus, neɣ azamlal, neɣ ajɣiɣ d tqeydurt, ikurbin, iducan, abruɣ (caftan), aḥendir, aɛebṛuq, tasebniyt, ilbeḍ, akerbay bu agʷwwal neɣ aberbaj, ajerdal, d ibidi (manteau), tawendit (manteau sans manches) taraswayt (robe)...\nId izuzaf, han azbeg, itli, taseɣnest, tiẓeṛẓit, aqqayen, tasmert, isni... Akkʷ isekkinen ddeɣ d wiyyaḍ lan assaɣ nsen g iles Amaziɣ, ayenna issentamen is ku amadan iɣnan yan usekkin ar as itteɣnu assaɣ nnes amm ifecka n usenwi: agra i imis n usrugg n seksu, d tarikut neɣ tikint nna g issenwa ickan (légumes) d uksum d usrew ma s itterway asekkif neɣ taḥrirt d uberrway d tmenɣaɣat (awwern inwan g waman).\nAd nannay is iles Amaziɣ imyaway d isekkinen nna idma Umaziɣ aha iɣna ten far ad semdren (répondre) i wanemri (besoin) nnes.\nAd ur nettu imassen n uẓawan amm tallunt d butegzut d umzad d tɣiḍa, d waskiwen, d tqerqawin, d uganga d wiyyaḍ d udmawen n uṛkaḍ agrumman wan uḥwac d uḥidus, d udmawen n iriran wan urasal, usalaw, izwirken, tasukant (izlan nna as ttirirnt tsednan g tmeɣṛa), tamawayt, asnimmer (izli nna as da ittirir ca far ad inṣef inebgawen nnes). Ad ur nettu asanaḍ n uɣebdel (irrigation) ittettren aseɣcel (géométrie).\nAɣezzaf Muḥemmad, tagrest n 2965 / 2015


Q=5	C=0	SS=2	LS=0	PS=0	DC=0	LC=2	SD=0	BS=1	G0=28	G1=19	G2=5	DLID=ber_Latn	BODY=‘’Ula d nekk, steqsayeɣ ayɣer ttaruɣ…’’ - La Dépêche de Kabylie\nAccueil Tamazight ‘’Ula d nekk, steqsayeɣ ayɣer ttaruɣ…’’\nLagha Zouhra, d tamarut tilemẓit\nDeg tdiwennit-a, newwi-d awal yid-s ɣef wungal-is amezwaru ‘’Tameddit n wass’’ akked yisenfaren-is sya d afella.\nAɣmis n yimziɣen : Anta-tt Lagha Zouhra ?\nLagha Zouhra : luleɣ ass n, 19 deg yunyu aseggas n 1987 deg Yiɛeẓẓugen, tettidireɣ di taddart n Ibdac, taɣiwant n Tmizar yeṭṭafaren lɛerc n A Jennad. Sɛiɣ agerdas n Master deg tutlayt d yidles amaziɣ i d-wwiɣ deg tesdawit Mulud Mɛemmri n Tizi Uzzu. Xedmeɣ daɣenn tanaga n usileɣ deg taɣult n tɣamsa yuran. Slemdeɣ deg uɣerbaz unnig n Buzerriɛa aseggas n 2017. Am wakken slemdeɣ deg uɣerbz alemmas Hellic Ḥusin n Tizi Uzzu, aseggas n 2019\nAmek armi i d-tufiḍ iman-im deg uḥric-agi n tira ?\nUla d nekk seqsayeɣ iman-iw ayen ttaruƔ ? Tira, d yiwen n wassaɣ i yellan gar usugen d tilawt, d ameqqun n tuttriwin yettaččaren allaɣ-iw, ama d ayen yeɛnan timetti, agama tamettut neɣ tudert…Ttafeɣ- asen-d tiririt mi ara qqimeɣ nekk d yimru. Srusuɣ-ten id ɣef lkaɣeḍ deg yiḍrisen, ḥeyyuɣ-ten-id d iwudam. Ttaruɣ akken ad d-afeɣ tirirt i kra n yisteqsiyen yeččuren allaɣ-iw, neɣ ahat, ttaruɣ akken ad snerniɣ asirem. Ttaruɣ akken ad fehmeɣ kra n temsal, neɣ akken ad d-begneɣ kra n tɣawsiwin ur fhimeɣ ara ula d nekk. Tira, d iswi-inu. Si temzi i bɣiɣ ad d-beggneɣ tutlayt n tyemmat, tutlayt i -ṭṭḍeɣ ɣer yimawlan-iw. Ttaruɣ si temẓi, maca mi qqimeɣ weḥd-i, seqsayeɣ iman-iw ayen ttaruɣ\nMa nger tamawt, ad naf drus maḍi n tlawin i yettarun s teqbaylit/tamaziɣt. Ɣef wakken tettwaliḍ kemm, d acu n sebba n waya ?\nD tidet mačči aṭas n tlawin i yettarun s teqbaylit/ tamaziɣt. Tamezwarut i yerẓan asalu d Massa Lynda Koudache s ungal-ines amezwaru tura s uzwel ‘’Aɛecciw n tmes’’ i d-yeffɣen aseggad n 2009. D wa ara yilin d ungal amezwaru i tura tmeṭṭut taqbaylit s teqbaylit. Syin, rnant-d tiyad : Dihya Lwiz, Kaysa Xalifi, Dalila Keddache, Rachida Ben Sidhoum, Chabha Ben Gana. Ahat sebba i yeǧǧan tilawin ad baɛdent ɣef unnar-agi n tsekla, d tilelli ur sɛint ara i wakken ad mmeslayent ɣef yizerfan-nsent. Maca, ad iniɣ tura, la d-tettnekkar tsuta n tlawin i irefden imrui wakken ad arunt ula d nutenti xas mazal ur d-suffɣent ara.\nAwal ɣef wungl-im ‘’Tameddit n wass’’…\nDeg ungal-inu amezwaru ‘’Tameddit n wass’’, smenyifeɣ ad uɣaleɣ cwiṭ ɣer uqbur akken ad d-nesmekti amɣar, ameẓyan, ad t-nesuzen. Tasuta ad t-tettak i tayeḍ. Ihi, deg wungal-a, uɣaleɣ ɣer yisegasen n 20 armi d taggara n yiseggasen n 70, anda i d-ḥkiɣ aṭas n wansayen d leɛwayed d nnif d lḥerma n tmurt. Ansayen, d agerruj n tmetti taqbaylit. Hedreɣ ɣef tmeṭṭut d lḥif i tesɛedda, lḥif tɛebba, d ayen i ɛebban yidurar d sḥari. Heḍreɣ-d ɣef tayri, lɣerba zwaǧ d waṭas n temsal-nniden n tmetti.\nƔef wakken i d-qqaren, aṭas n wuguren i d-ttmagaren yimura deg usizreg. Awal-imɣefanect-a…\nD tidet, aṭas i yettafen uguren deg usizreg, ama ur seɣtayen ara ungalen neɣ tuccḍiwin i ixeddem umaru. Daɣen yella wanda ttaṭṭafen akud meqqren i wakken ad d-yeffeɣ leqdic n yiwen. Maca, nekk ur ufiɣ ara aṭas n wuguren deg usizreg n leqdic-agi-inu.\nAwal ɣef tsekl taqbaylit …\nUngal n teqbaylit, xas ini melmi kan i d-nelha si timawit ɣer tira. Nbda seg yiseggasen n 40 s ungal amezwaru yura Belaid Ait Ali, syin aṭas n wungalen i d-yernan amedya, Rachid Alliche, Said Sadi, Amer Mezdad…atg. Di tlawin tella Lynda Koudache, Kaysa xalifi… Imal n wungal amaziɣ s umata, yettẓ ɣer sdt u mazad ad yelḥu imi llan wid yettarun. Yerna ɛummen wanawen n tira deg tsekla taqbaylit/ tamaziɣt.\nSsarameɣ, ad teffeɣ tsekla-nneɣ ɣer umaḍal. Ad teǧǧuǧeg am tiyaḍ. Aya, yezmer ad d-yili limmer ad ilin waṭ n yimeɣriyen i wakken ad fken tabɣest i tira.\nArticle précédent« Ilaq imezdaɣ n temnaḍin timaziɣin n Lezzayer, ad d-snulfun tiddukkliwin tidelsanin i useḥbiber ɣef tmeslayt »\nArticle suivantAmek ara tkemmel tudert deg tegnit n kuruna ?