url: =Taghmist n Tiddukla - Utt'un 3\nAt'as seg watmaten-nnegh si tmiwa timazighin nnid'en (Merr'uk, Icawiyen, Libya), ay d agh-d-ittarun s tmazight, akken ad agh-gen ifadden u ad agh-d-sfer'h'en d akken fehmen ayen d asen-nura, xas akken yura s tentala ay nesseqdac nekni, taqbaylit. Amsefham ger n Yimazighen s tmazight yezmer ad d-yili, anect-a at'as n yimassanen ay d-yemmeslayen fell-as, u gar-asen Salem Chaker. D acu kan, anect-a yeh'wadj digh citt' n leqdic si tama-nnegh, nekni s Yimazighen. Yugh lh'al, zik-nni, asmi werâad d agh-d-kciment tutlayin tiberr'aniyin, nella nekni s Yimazighen nettmeslay yiwet kan n tutlayt, xas tesâa tantalyin, llan lejdud-nnegh n tama-ya zemren ad msefhamen d wid n tama-yadi. Anect-a yessbanay-it-id wemcabi ay ttemcabint tentalyin-nnegh ass-a deg wat'as n lumur', gar-asen amawal (vocabulaire), tajerr'umt, inzan, timucuha, atg. D acu kan, asmi ay bdant keccment-d tutlayin idjehden gher Tmazgha, at'as n tmiwa ay d-igezmen ghef tiyad', u d lqella n unermis (contact) ger n Yimazighen ay yerran tutlayt-nnegh temgerrad si tama gher tayed' akken tella ass-a, alammi yughal yewâer' ghef Wemz'abi ad yefhem Aqbayli, negh Acawi ad yefhem Acelh'i. Ughalen warraw n Tmazgha, akken ad msefhamen wagar-asen, terra-ten tmara ad sseqdacen tutlayt taberr'anit. Ass-a, mi akka ay nuki d yiman-nnegh wi gh-ilan, neldi-d allen-nnegh ghef tnettit-nnegh (identité) u nebgha ad d-nessider idles d tutlayt-nnegh, at'as deg-negh ara yessaramen ad dduklen Yimazighen i tikkelt nnid'en, u ad d-tughal tegmat-nni yellan gar-asen. Yugh lh'al tutlayt d yiwet si tgejda ay d agh-yesduklen, yernu ur nezmir ad nerwel fell-as imi ay tecrek akk imdanen ay d-yeqqaren d akken d Imazighen ay llan. D acu kan, ur tezmir tutlayt-a ad teddukel ma yella ad neqqim dima kan a nesseqdac tutlayt taberr'anit akken ad nettmeslay wagar-anegh, am akken ur tezmir digh ad teddukel ma yella ara nettkel kan ghef leqdic n yinagmayen (laboratoires) imi tutlayin n unagma y werdjin rbih'ent. Ihi, ayen ara d-yerren tamazight d ttawil n wemsefham ger n Yimazighen d asseqdec-yines deg wennar akk d wembaddel n tmusni ghef tmazight (yernu akken nuâa s tmazight) ger n tegrawin timazighin ay d-mazal ddrent ass-a. Ur ilaq ara ad nkukrut ad nettemyaru s tmazight d watmaten-nnegh n tmiwa nnid'en, imi d anect-a ara d agh-yeddjen ad d-nissin ayen ssnen, u ad asen-nesselmed ayen nessen. Lemmer dgha ad tughal tmazight d ttawil n teywalt (communication) ger n tegrawin timazighin, anect-a ad agh-yeddj "ad d-nemsel" yiwet n tmazight tamaynut, tamazdayt (commune), tin ara d agh-yesduklen merr'a, tin i yes ara nemsefham merr'a, u anect-a yezmer ad d-yili mebla ma negrent tentalyin yellan ass-a, imi seg-sent ara d-tettagem tmazight-nni "yedduklen" ara d-yilin s wazekka, ma yebgha R'ebbi. I lmend digh n wanect-a, yal tarbaât iqeddcen ghef kra n tantala ad teqdec ghef wamek ara tt-tesselmed i wid yettmeslayen tantalyin nnid'en, imi anect-a ad yessishel mlih' a msefham ger n Yimazighen. D acu kan, ass-a ilaq ad nesseghli yiwen n uâekkur (obstacle) d ameqqran : d tuqqna n wallen ghef wuguren-agi. Dgha ah'urif amenzu ay ilaq ad t-nexdem netta d assaki d wesh'ulfu n medden akken ad fken ugar azal i tutlayt-nsen.\nQqaren-as : Agdud mebla idles am wemdan mebla iles.\nNekni ad as-nini : Agdud mebla iles d agdud ur nesâi idles.\nAmezruy n tutlayt talitwanit\nAqeddem : ad'ris ay d-nefren ass-a i watmaten-nnegh d win d-yettmeslayen ghef tutlayt talitwanit d wamek tennugh mgal n umennekcam aberr'ani akken ad tidir ar ass-a. Agdud alitwani ay d-isbedden tamurt i yiman-is di leqrun n Tallit Talemmast (Moyen-Age), yemâawan akk d Pulunya si 1385 d asawen akken ad yerr asseh'r'es (colonisation) arusi. D acu kan, asmi ay d-zzin yeâdawen si yal tama ghef Litwanya, teddukel tmurt-a akk d Pulunya u tughal d ah'ric seg-s di 1569. D anect-n ay yeldin tawwurt i yedles aberr'ani ad d-yekcem tamurt-a, yernu inesbughar Ilitwaniyen (tiserkam tiburjwaziyin) fkan afus deg wanect-a, imi dindin kan ddjan tutlayt d yedles-nsen yernu ughalen ttzuxxun s yedles apuluni. Di 1795, ah'ric meqqren si Litwanya tewwi-t Rrus, dgha seg yimir-n ay bdan Yirusiyen tthuddun akk ayen d-iqqimen seg yidles d tutlayt ilitwaniyen. D acu kan, xas aâdaw yedjhed, xas amer'kanti yefka afus, agdud alitwani afellah', igellil, ur yeqbil ad isemmeh' di tutlayt-is. Zzin-as-d yeâdawen si yal tama, maca netta yeddem tutlayt-is d asafu i yes ara yewwet ghef tnettit-is (identité) akk d uzarug (indépendance) n tmurt-is. Di 1990, asmi ay tewwi Litwanya azarug-is, yufa-d lh'al tutlayt-is mazal-itt tedder, xas akken yesseâya-tt zzman, u tewjed akken ad tebnu tamurt. Akken ad tissinem amezruy negh tadyant yessewhamen, tamkerra (miracle) ay d-yed'ran akk d tlitwanit, nefren-awen-d tlata n tukkas (passages) seg yed'risen yemgerraden. Yiwen newwi-t-id seg yiwen wemd'iq n tutlayt talitwanit, yettmeslay-d ghef wamek tekcem tlitwanit s annar n tira, ma d snat tukkas nnid'en, newwi-tent-id seg yiwen wedlis ifazen, "Amezruy n Tutlayt Talitwanit", (Mokslo Ir Enciklopediju Leidykla - The History of the Lithuanian Language), yura-t-id Dr. Zigmas Zinkevicius, u yeffegh-d di Vilnius di 1996. Adlis-agi nettwali-t d yiwen seg yedlisen ifazen akk deg umezruy n tutlayin. Yettmeslay-d ghef umennugh ay d-wwin Yilitwaniyen n tserkam n wadda (basses classes) n tmetti akken ad d-ssukksen tutlayt-nsen ay yellan d ajgu alemmas n tnettit-nsen, d ajgu n weârur n yedles-nsen, d ayen i ten-yessawd'en ad d-kksen tamurt-nsen i uberr'ani. Nessaram d akken taghuri-yagi ad d-tili di lfayda n watmaten-nnegh akk d tin n tutlayt-nnegh. Afud igerrzen.\nMs. Omar MOUFFOK\nSi lqern wis 16 gher lqern wis 18 :\nTira n tutlayt talitwanit :\nAd'ris-agi nekkes-it-id seg wemd'iq n Tiddukla Tadelsant Tasamugtit n Litwanya\n(Samogitian Cultural Association Editorial Board)\nAt'as ay teqqim tutlayt talitwanit ur tesâi ara tira-s i yiman-is, imi alammi d lqern wis 16 ay d-yeffegh wedlis amenzu s tutlayt-a. Asmi ay d-sbedden Yilitwaniyen tamurt-nsen, s kra n tebratin ay llan ttarun-tent i tmura n Turr'uft tutrimt (Europe occidentale) llan ttarun-tent s tutlayt talitt'unit (tutlayt n Litt'unya, d tamurt ay iqerben gher Litwanya), ma sdaxel n tmurt, llan Yilitwaniyen sseqdacen tabyilurusit taqburt (ancien biélorusse) n lqern wis 14, ay yellan d yiwet si tentalyin n teslavit taqburt. Ger n lqern wis 15 d wis 16, tejmeâ-d Litwanya tasekla meqqren s tutlayt tabyilurusit, [imi iselghayen-is imens'aben -documents officiels- merr'a llan uran s tutlayt-a], dgha nezmer ad naf deg-s iselghayen n Uwanek (documents d'Etat), isud'af (leqwanin) akk d yiz'uyar (statuts) ilitwaniyen n lqern wis 16, tasekla tazernant (littérature polémique), idlisen i deg llant tikta icuban tid n "Tallit n Teftilin" (Renaissanc e), atg. Am akken ay tughal temdint n Vilnius di lqern wis 16 d tamaneght n ussuffegh n yedlisen.\nAsmi ay d-yekcem ddin amsih'i di lqern wis 14 d wis 15 gher Litwanya, yughal yedles d tutlayt ilitwaniyen ttidiren deg umihi (danger) imi ay ten-id-yekcem yedles apuluni. Ihaggaren (nobles) d yimer'kantiyen ipuluniyen âerd'en ad gen akk ayen umi zemren akken ad h'ettmen tutlayt tapulunit, agemmay-nsen akk d wansayen-nsen (traditions) ghef Yilitwaniyen. Ma d ihaggaren akk d yimer'kantiyen n Litwanya bdan cwit', cwit', ttaddamen tutlayt d wansayen ipuluniyen. Dgha bdan a ttseth'in s las'el-nsen alitwani yernu ughalen a qqaren i yiman-nsen "gentle lituanus, natione polonus" (d Ilitwaniyen di las'el, d Ipuluniyen di tghelnawt -nationalité). Ghur yimer'kantiyen-agi, awal "Alitwani" yella yeqqen kan gher kra n "tama taklunghant" (région géographique), ur yelli d isem n wegdud wala d win n weghlan (nation). Ihaggaren akk d yimer'kantiyen ur llin ara ttmeslayen talitwanit yernu llan h'eqren-tt am nettat, am wansayen ilitwaniyen. Taklizt (église) takat'ulit tella-d d allal idjehden i wezraâ n yedles apuluni imi ala kan citt'ah' n yemrabd'en n Yir'umyen ay yellan ttmeslayen talitwanit. Ma deg wayen yerzan medden s umata, talitwanit llan ttmeslayen-tt ala kan yifellah'en akk d yimer'kantiyen ur nesâi iglamen (privilèges). Yugh lh'al, takufd'a (aliénation) i deg ghlin lh'ekkam akk d yimer'kantiyen Ilitwaniyen tessebâed-iten ghef tutlayt, ghef wansayen akk d yedles n wegdud alitwani, d anect-a ay d-yeglan s twaghit ay ih'uzan idles aghelnaw alitwani u teddja-t yesbek ach'al n leqrun, ur yeddi gher sdat. D anect-a ay yeddjan anekcum n tsekla talitwanit s annar n tira akk d ussuffegh n yedlisen s tutlayt-a ad âett'len yernu ula asmi ay d-yella waya, lumur' a teddunt kan s taz'eyt.\nD azraâ n tikta n Usemmeskel (Réforme) di Litwanya di lqern wis 16 ay yeddjan adlis amezwaru s tutlayt talitwanit ad d-yeffegh. Di 1547, yessuffegh-d Martynas Mazvydas adlis n Temsirin n ddin s tlitwanit (catéchisme), "Catechismvsa Prasty Szadey", di temdint n Konigsberg, di Prusya Tacerqit [d tama iqerben gher Litwanya]. Adlis-agi ur t-iwala ara bab-is d timsirin kan di ddin wanag yella yebgha-t digh ad yili d "aselmad" n yimez'yanen i tghuri akk d ccna n tezlatin timsih'iyin. Adlis-agi yedda-d deg-s ugemmay alitwani, abacid (abécédaire), kra n yilugan n llsas i tghuri n tlitwanit akk d kra n yilugan n tjerr'umt. Ur iâett'el ara wedlis-agi d'efren-t-id yedlisen nnid'en n ddin ay d-yeffghen di Litwanya.\nAkken ad teh'bes azraâ n tikta n Usemmeskel, tufa-d teklizt takat'ulit iman-is -nettat yellan tesseqdac kan talatinit akk d tpulunit- tettuh'ettem ad tesseqdac talitwanit akken ad d-tessuffegh yis-s idlisen n ddin. Dgha, di 1597, yessuffegh-d udabu [apuluni] n Vilnius yiwen n wedlis n temsirin n ddin, u yerna-d di 1599 adlis nnid'en di ddin, isem-is Postilla, yessuqel-iten-id Mikalojus Dauksa di sin yid-sen gher tlitwanit.\nAdlis n Postilla yesâa azal meqqren deg umezruy n tlitwanit, maci ghef lxet'bat yellan deg-s wanag ghef Tezzwart (introduction) ay d as-d-yura Dauksa, i deg ay d-yessefhem d akken tutlayt tayemmat (langue maternelle) tesâa azal meqqren at'as yernu yeccetka-d ghef tegnit n th'eqranit i deg tella tettidir tutlayt tayemmat di Litwanya :\n"Ulac aghlan (ldjens) abujehli (ignorant) yernu ameh'qur di ddunit am win ara yesr'uh'en tlata n tghawsiwin i yes d-ilul : tamurt-is, ansayen-is akk d tutlayt-is. Aghlan ur yezmir ad yidir s tband'ilt (fertilité) n wakal wala s ccbah'a n yicett'id'en-is, ur yezmir ad yidir s ccbah'a n tmurt-is wala s ldjehd n temdinin-is akk d tghermin-yines (châteaux), wanag aghlan yettidir s weh'raz akk d usseqdec n tutlayt-is ay yellan d tigejdit n weghlan yernu d nettat ay yessedjhaden tighariwin-is (qualités), tessedjhad amsefham ger n warraw-is akk d tayri d tegmat gar-asen. Tutlayt tayemmat d nettat ay yettcuddun s tayri arraw n weghlan wagar-asen, d nettat ay d tayemmat n tdukli, d tayemmat n wazalen igharimen (valeurs civiques), d taâessast n tmurt. Beâdet ghef tutlayt-nwen, ad d-tafem iman-nwen tbeâdem ghef wemsefham, ghef tdukli akk d nneyya yes'fan d wayen akk yeqqnen s anect-a ! Beâdet ghef tutlayt-nwen, ad d-tafem iman-nwen tessensem tafat n yit'ij deg yigenni, td'eggre m ddunit di tt'lam u tesâerqem-as abrid, tengham tudert u terram-d arway d ucewwel deg wemkan-is ! Mi d-qqaregh anect-a, ur d-qsidegh ara d akken ilaq ad nergel abrid i welmad n tutlayin tiberr'aniyin, wanag iswi-yinu awh'id netta ad d-sseknegh tah'eqranit, xas ini-as ankar' ay nenker' tutlayt-nnegh talitwanit. Ttmennigh di R'ebbi ad tmeyyzem u ad d-takim yiwwas si lefsad-agi ! Ma d nekk si tama-w, ad fer'h'egh imi ara iligh ttekkagh, s wedlis-agi amect'uh', deg usaki n wegdud-iw akken ad ih'emmel, ad yeh'rez u ad yesnerni tutlayt-nnegh tayemmat".\nAwal-agi ay d-nuder yesskanay-d tugdi n kra n medden di Litwanya ghef wayen yesâan azal meqqren akk ay tezmer ad t-tesâu tmurt : tutlayt-is, yernu xas akken tella Litwanya tettidir di tallit n tkufd'a (aliénation) taberr'anit, llan medden ay ih'ulfan belli maci akken ay ilaq ad ddunt lumur', ur ilaq ara ad fken afus di tutlayt-nsen.\nDi 1629, yeffegh-d yiwen n umawal n tlitwanit, s tpulunit akk d tlatinit, yura-t-id Konstantinas Sirvydas. Tajerr'umt n tlitwanit tamezwarut ay yuran s tlatinit yura-tt-id Daniel Klein u teffegh-d di Konigsberg, deg useggas n 1653. At'as seg yedlisen ay d-yeffghen di tallit-nni ay ih'etten (insister) ghef wazal n tutlayt tayemmat yernu fkant digh azal i wezraâ n tira n tlitwanit. D acu kan, nesh'issif imi leqdicat-agi llan qlilit yernu ur ssawd'en ara ad d-ldin tawwurt i umussu (mouvement) idjehden i lmend wesnerni n yedles alitwani. Talitwanit yuran tughal simmal keccmen-tt-id wawalen n tpulunit yernu qlilit wid ay d-yelhan d uzzizdeg akk d usselhu-yines. Lqern wis 18 nezmer ad as-nsemmi d tallit i deg tughal tlitwanit yuran d tigellilt, d tallit i deg tenqes at'as ussuffegh n yedlisen s tutlayt-a. (...)\nSi 1795 alammi d lqern wis 20 :\n[Nekkes-it-id seg wedlis n Dr. Zigmas Zinkevicius, "History of the Lithuanian Language", 1996].\nMbeâd ma tettwabd'a tkunfidir'alit Talitwanit-Tapulunit i tikkelt tis tlata , ah'ric ameqqran seg wakal i deg yella yettidir wegdud alitwani is'ah'-as-d i Rusya, di lweqt i deg ala kan d tama ay d-yuzgan akin i wasif n Nemunas (tin umi ara semmin sakin tama n Suvalkai) ay s-d-is'ah'en Prusya [d tamurt yettmeslayen talmanit]. Tasertit ay d'efren lh'ekkam di snat-agi n tmiwa tella d tamesbat'lit: deg weh'ric arusi, d tutlayt tarusit ay yettuh'ettmen ghef wegdud, ma deg weh'ric n Prusya, d talmanit i yes bghan ad d-sxedmen medden. Mbeâd n Weswir n Vienna (Congrès de Vienne) di 1815, ula d tama ay d-yuzgan akin i wasif n Nemunas tettunefk-as i Rusya, d acu kan, yufa-d lh'al beddlent kra n lumur' di tama-nni. Abeddel ameqqren akk ay d-yed'ran dinna netta d tukksa n temsagelt (féodalisme) di tallit n Napoléon. D anect-nni ay yeddjan ad d-tekker tmegzi (intelligentsia) talitwanit ay d-yeffghen seg yifellah'en, di tama-ya. D acu kan, tama yellan s ddaw n udabu arusi ur d-yed'ri deg-s kra n ubeddel, bitt d annerni ay yennerna deg-s lbat'el n temsagelt.\nÂerd'en ad kksen Yirusiyen isem n Litwanya si ccfawat n medden, dgha semman-as Severn-Zapadskij Kraj [asun n Ugafa-Utrim = territoire du Nord-Ouest]. Llan qqaren-d d akken tama-ya seg wasmi ay s-d-yecfa zzman ay tella d ah'ric si Rrus, d acu kan, wwin-tt Yipuluniyen u zerâen deg-s idles-nsen, deg mi ay yella ilaq ad d-tughal d tarusit "tikkelt nnid'en". Irusiyen ur sen-gin ara akk ccan i Yilitwaniyen, amzun leâmer' akk xliqen di ddunit. D acu kan, Litwanya ur tt-yenghi ara uh'ettem n tutlayt tarusit, yernu tkemmel tettaddam tutlayt akk d yedles apuluni ugar n wakken tella zik-nni. Imi yiwen n weâdaw ay sâan, dduklen Yipuluniyen d Yilitwaniyen mgal n Rrus u msegman akken ad tt-qablen. D acu kan, anect-a yeddja Ilitwaniyen ad rren di rrif takti-nsen n azarug n Litwanya, dgha ulac win d-yezgan mgal n wezraâ n tutlayt tapulunit di Litwanya. Ma d "Ipuluniyen" n Vilnius, llan kkaten ghef les'lah' akk d tlelli n Pulunya ugar n Yipuluniyen n Varsovie. Tarist'uqrat'it talitwanit yellan tettmeslay tapulunit tettekka mlih' deg wesnerni n yedles apuluni, imi ay d-kkan seg-s at'as n yimura (écrivains) am Adam Mickiewicz, Julius Slowacki, Ludwik Kondratowicz, Wladyslaw Syrokomla, atg. D acu kan, xas wigi merr'a uran s tpulunit, taneffut (rr'uh') n tsekla-nsen tella d talitwanit. Ala kra kan n yimura n tmegzi n tallit-nni ay yefkan azal i tutlayt-nsen tanes'lit, am Ksaveras Logusas/Lohusz, Kazimieras Kantrimas/Kontrym akk d Leonas Uvainis, d acu kan wigi, ur sqedcen ara talitwanit di tsekla, wanag gan kan fell-as tizrawin (études).\nCwit', cwit', bdan Yilitwaniyen at yedles apuluni (wid akken yellan qqaren-as "gente Lituani, Natione Poloni" - Ilitwaniyen di las'el, d Ipuluniyen di tghelnawt-) a ttxemmimen ghef lebni n weghlan (nation) alitwani ara yesâun tapulunit d tutlayt-is. Ala kan d ifellah'en-nni ur nettu ara tutlayt talitwanit ay imenâen si tsertit n wezraâ n tutlayt d yedles apuluni. Dgha, zzin-asen merr'a wid yebghan ad tili tpulunit d tutlayt n tmurt akken ad qd'un fell-asen. Imrabd'en n Yir'umyen llan qqaren-d d akken R'ebbi ur ifehhem ara talitwanit, dgha tiz'illa akk d ddeâwat ilaq ad d-ilint s tpulunit, yernu llan ula d imrabd'en ay sen-yugin i medden ad gen aqirri (confession) s tlitwanit. Âerd'en yifellah'en ad ttz'allan s tpulunit, d acu kan, ur llin ara fehhmen tutlayt-a. Llan zzluguyen (sseâwajen) awalen n tz'illa akk d ddeâwat alammi ay yughal wayen d-qqaren ur yettwafham ara. Deg ugherbaz, yella yegdel ad mmeslayen s tlitwanit u la di tesgunfut (récréation). Ibalmuden ara yemmeslayen s tutlayt-nsen llan ttqasan-ten yiselmanden, yernu win ara d-yettuzenzen yemmeslay talitwanit, ad as-âellqen "tagalist n wekruked'" (plaque de la honte) di temgerd't-is, yernu akken ara tt-yettawi alamma d asmi ara yett'ef ula d netta abalmud nnid'en ara yettmeslayen s tlitwanit akken as-tt-iâelleq.\nImi ay tettwah'qer tlitwanit di kul amkan (deg wakal n yimer'kantiyen, di teklizt, deg ugherbaz, atg.), jerh'en yifellah'en di tneffut-nsen (tar'wih't), dgha ughalen ttseth'in s tutlayt-nsen tanes'lit yernu ssinifen-as, ur tt-ttmeslayen ara di berr'a, deg yizenqan negh anda akk ay zemren ad asen-slen medden. Dgha ughalen ttwalin-tt d tutlayt kan n tenwalt (cuisine) akk d udaynin ! Ma d tutlayt tapulunit tella d tutlayt umi meqqer ccan, d tin n zzux, dgha ughalen ughen medden tanumi ssekcamen-d awalen n tpulunit deg wawal-nsen, mi ara ttmeslayen talitwanit. Llan ttxemmimen d akken awalen-agi "ttcebbih'en" yernu "sselhayen" talitwanit. D acu kan, seg wakken llan sseqdacen at'as n wawalen n tpulunit, alammi ay kecmen wat'as seg-sen gher tlitwanit, ughen az'ar deg-s. At'as seg wawalen-agi ur terri ara tmara ad d-ttwared'len si tpulunit, imi talitwanit tesâa at'as n wawalen ay ten-imutlen deg unamek.\nDgha, tughal tlitwanit tazedgant ur nezmir ad tt-naf ala kan deg yimukan ay ibeâden ghef temdinin, ghef wakal n yimer'kantiyen akk d teklizin, imi imukan-agi merr'a tekcem-itent tutlayt tapulunit, yernu d ayen yessewhamen ma nenna-d d akken simmal yettili wemkan ur yewwid' ara ghur-s welmud (leqraya), simmal tettili tlitwanit ay ttmeslayen deg-s d tin is'ehh'an yernu zeddiget.\nMbeâd n tnekriwin n 1831 d 1863, yexdem unabad' (gouvernement) arusi akken ara yeh'bes azraâ n yedles d tutlayt tapulunit di Litwanya, u ad d-yerr deg wemkan-nsen idles d tutlayt tarusit. Mbeâd ma yerna ighewwaghen (rebelles) ay d-yekkren mgal n Rrus, yeâzem umesnabad'-amatu (gouverneur-général) arusi Mixail Muraviev ad yeqd'eâ idles d tutlayt tapulunit si Litwanya, ay yeddren ugar n 400 n yiseggasen di tmurt-a. Yeghleq akk igherbazen ipuluniyen u yeldi deg wemkan-nsen igherbazen irusiyen. Si tama nnid'en yesnerna Muraviev amd'an (nombre) n Yirusiyen ay izedghen di Litwanya, imi ay yella yettawi-d imdanen seg yimukan ibeâden akk di Rusya u yettak-asen ixammen d wayla n wid ay d-yekkren mgal n Rrus. Ma d ineggura-yagi, tenfa-ten Rusya si tmurt-nsen. Yeâred' Muraviev ad yekkes ula d agemmay-nni alatini yesâan 300 n yiseggasen seg wasmi ara t-tesseqdac tlitwanit u ad yerr tutlayt-a tettaru s ugemmay arusi, u yenna-d d akken agemmay alatini ilaq ad yettwakkes imi ay yella d agemmay n "Yipuluniyen". Dgha yefka lamer' akken ad ughalen yedlisen merr'a n tutlayt talitwanit ad d-teffghen s ugemmay asirili (arusi), d acu kan medden ur llin ara ttaghen-d idlisen-agi yernu llan sserghayen idlisen ay d asen-d-yettunefken bat'el. Akken ad ih'ettem medden ad ghren tutlayt-nsen s ugemmay aberr'ani, yegdel (interdire) Muraivev assuffegh n tedlisen s tlitwanit yuran s ugemmay alatini. S wanect-a, yeqd'eâ-yasen tuffgha i yedlisen merr'a n tlitwanit, d ayen werdjin ned'ri deg umezruy n wemd'al aneghrum (civilisé). D acu kan, anect-a ur t-qbilen Yilitwaniyen yernu bdan ssuffughen-d idlisen di lberr'ani yernu llan yemsettiyen n yedlisen (trafiquants de livres), wid umi qqaren s tlitwanit "knygne iai", ssekcamen-d s tuffra idlisen-agi gher Litwanya u ferrqen-ten ghef yemzenza (commerçants). Akka ay d-tebda tallit n id "knygne iai", d ayen werdjin nwala di kra n tmurt nnid'en di Turr'uft (Europe) n tallit-nni. Agdal n yedl isen s tlitwanit yelâeb ddur' d ameqqran deg umezruy n weghlan alitwani, idles-yines akk d tutlayt-is. Ayen akken akk yexdem Muraviev akken ad d-yerr idles arusi deg wemkan n yedles apuluni di Litwanya ur yessawed' s acemma : s kra xedmen yimestulen (gendarmes) akken ad h'ebsen imsettiyen n yedlisen ur yenfiâ ara, imi idlisen s tutlayt tapulunit kemmlen keccmen-d gher Litwanya yernu imzenza n yedlisen llant ttcur'ent th'una-nsen seg-sen.\nTazrirt (influence) tapulunit ur tenqis ara wanag tennerna ugar. Lbat'el ay yella yesâedday-it unabad' arusi ghef Yilitwaniyen, yesnerna aqerreb-nsen gher tutlayt tapulunit, xas ma yella maci s anect-nni ay tt-iqas.\nXas talitwanit tettwakkes si tesnawit (lycée) yernu tella a tettwakkas cwit', cwit' seg yigherbazen imenza, simmal ara ttnernin yifellah'en ay yellan lemmden-tt di tmurt, imi wigi llan âewwlen ad issinen ad ghren u ad arun. Asmi ay d asen-iga ubesku (évêque) Motiejus Valanius ifadden akken ad lemden tira d tghuri n tutlayt-nsen, bdan yifellah'en ad d-tgen s tuffra igherbazen imect'ah' n tutlayt talitwanit, u llan yiselmaden (umi qqaren "direktoriai") teddun si tferka gher tayed' akken ad sseghren medden (taxeddaât!) [akken llan ttwalin anect-a Yirusiyen]. Igherbazen-agi semman-asen s tlitwanit "vargo mokyla" negh "igherbazen n lh'if". Yugh lh'al di tallit-nni, tt'uqqten yigherbazen-agi n tmurt di Litwanya alammi ara ilin âeddan i wanect yellan d imdanen irusiyen di tmurt-a.\nAnect-a yesskanay-d d akken ifellah'en llan simmal ara d-ttakin d akken sâan aghlan yernu âewwlen ad nnaghen akken ad ten-id-ughalen yizerfan-nsen u ad ten-id-tughal tutlayt-nsen tanes'lit. Dgha at'as n Yilitwaniyen ay yellan ur ttaddjan ara igerdan-nsen ad kecmen s agherbaz n Uwanek (Etat) arusi alamma lemden ad ghren u ad arun talitwanit deg yigherbazen-agi uffiren. Yugh lh'al, di tallit-nni, Ilitwaniyen yessnen ad ghren u ad arun llan tlata yiberdan kter' n Yirusiyen yessnen anect-a. Xas akken yettwagdel ussuffegh n yedlisen s tlitwanit, amd'an n yedlisen ilitwaniyen yennerna s wat'as, yernu ula d isental-nsen (sujets) beddlen imi ay yughal umur ameqqran deg yedlisen n tutlayt talitwanit yekkat-d di tsertit tarusit [azal n 80% seg-sen].\nMa di tlisa tigmud'anin (ticerqiyin) n tama i deg yella yettidir wegdud alitwani [d tama ay iqerben gher Byilurusya], xas âerd'en kra ad zerâen dinna tutlayt tapulunit, ur ssawd'en ara imi di tama-yagi, d tutlayt tabyilurusit ay yesâan tazrirt (influence). Tutlayt tapulunit tettusexdam kan d tutlayt n welmud di tama-ya, di lweqt i deg agdud yesseqdac snat n tutlayin : talitwanit akk d yebyilurusit. Yugh lh'al, tabyilurusit umi llan qqaren Yebyilurusiyen "tutlayt timserreh't" tella tif talitwanit deg wat'as n tghawsiwin. Imi ay tella d tutlayt taslavit, teqreb gher tpulunit akk d trusit, tella tebyilurusit tenfeâ medden. Win yessnen tutlayt-a yezmer ad yefhem s tefses amrabed' n yir'umyen negh bab n wakal yettmeslayen s tpulunit negh digh lh'ekkam yettmeslayen s trusit. Xas Pulunya tebâed ghef tama-yagi, maca Byilurusya teqreb-itt-id imi akal n Yilitwaniyen yella yesâa tilisa d win n Yebyilurusiyen. Ihi, imi ay ttmez'ran kullas d yinaragen-nsen (ldjiran), at'as n Yilitwaniyen ay d-ilemden tabyilurusit, am akken tutlayt tabyilurusit teddem at'as n wawalen si tlitwanit u qqimen-d deg-s ar ass-a. D acu kan, anabad' arusi yexdem akken ara yezreâ tutlayt tabyilurusit deg Yilitwaniyen n tama-ya, imi ay yella yettwali tabyilurisit d tantala kan (dialecte) n tutlayt tarusit.\nDi tallit n Tutt'fa (Occupation) taberr'anit (si 1945 d asawen):\nYebda-d Wemgaru Amad'lan (tt'rad n ddunit) wis sin deg wass n 1u n Ctember', 1939. Amgaru ih'uza ah'ric meqqren seg wemd'al (ddunit) yernu yengha ugar n 50 n yimelyunen n medden. Uqbel ma yebda-d wemgaru-yagi, yett'ef Hitler tama n Klaipeda [di lgherb n Litwanya] deg wass n 22 Meghres 1939. Yugh lh'al, arkawal (pacte) ay iga V. Molotov akk d J. Ribbentrop deg wass n 23 Ghect akk d yepr'ut'ukulen uffiren ay d-yeddan yid-s fran-d ayen ara d asent-yed'run i tmura tibaltiyin (baltiques) asmi ara yekker Wemgaru, dgha llant gher lmut-nsent ay llant a teddunt, yernu Litwanya tella gar-asent. Deg wass n 19 Ctember', yekcem Yigen (armée) Azewwagh arusi gher Vilnius, sakin merr'a tama-nni n Litwanya ay tella tett'ef-itt Pulunya [deg wenz'ul-sud n Litwanya] teghli ger n yifassen n Rrus. Mi d-kecmen Yirusiyen, h'esben tama-ya amzun di telli d tama n weâdaw, dgha ukren yernu rz'an s kra n wayen umi zemren. At'as n yimezdaghen ay wwin gher tkurmut (lh'ebs) yernu llan a d-ssewjaden ad d-sbedden "tanemlit" (socialisme) di tama-ya.\nAmtawa (traité) n 10 Tuber' 1939 i lmend n wemâiwen ger n Litwanya akk d Tdukli Tasuvyatit (URSS), yerra-yas-d i Litwanya tamaneght-is Vilnius, am akken ara d as-d-yerra azal n tis rebâa si tama-nni ay d as-tett'ef naqal Pulunya [yernu tughal imir-n n Tdukli Tasuvyatit]. Ma d ayen d-iqqimen si tama-ya, yerna-tt Stalin gher tegduda tanemlayt (socialiste) tasuvyatit n Byilurusya ay yellan d ah'ric si Tdukli Tasuvyatit.\nAmtawa-yagi msefhament deg-s snat-agi n tmura akken ad tessers Tdukli Tasuvyatit Igen-yines Azewwagh (Armée Rouge) deg wakal alitwani "si leâd'il" : yugh lh'al, asmi ay teqbel aya Litwanya, tessekcem-d aâdaw s axxam ur teâlim. Tama n Vilnius ay d as-d-yughalen i Litwanya ur tedjhid ara tdamsa-yines (économie) akken tedjhed tin n tmiwa nnid'en n tmurt yernu yella yewâer' ghef Litwanya ad terr tama-yagi am tmiwa merr'a n tmurt. Ixess'aren ay yexdem wezraâ n tutlayt tapulunit di Litwanya bdan ttbanen-d imir-n. At'as si medden-nni ay yellan qqaren-d d akken d Ipuluniyen ay llan ughalen ddjan mad'i tutlayt-nsen tanes'lit, dgha âerd'en ad tt-lemden yernu bdan qqaren-tt deg yigherbazen ilitwaniyen d yigherbazen nnid'en. Ma d Ipuluniyen gan akk ayen umi zemren akken ad kemmlen azraâ n tpulunit u ad yeqqim waya akken yella di tallit n tutt'fa (occupation) tapulunit.\nAt'as n tudrin tilitwaniyin ay yeddan deg weh'ric-nni n Litwanya ay yettunefken i Byilurusya. Anabad' abulcivi (bolchévique) ir'eggem-asen i Yilitwaniyen-agi ad ten-yeddj ad ughalen gher Litwanya timziregt (indépendante). Dgha, swejden iman-nsen yimezdaghen n tudrin-agi akken ad giddjen u ad ughalen gher tmurt-nsen, d acu kan, yeqqim unabad' yettseggir (reporter) ass i deg ara r'uh'en alammi d asmi ay tt'fen Yibulciviyen (bolchéviques) tamurt n Litwanya s timmad-is.\nGer waya d wayen nnid'en, imenghi yella izehher di Turr'uft tutrimt (tagherbit). Almaniyen llan sseghlayen timura ta sdeffir ta. Di tazwara n Yunyu 1940, yufa-ten-id lh'al qerrben yagi gher Paris. Mi ten-walan Yibulciviyen rebbh'en, ula d nitni bghan "ad gen kra". Dgha sbubben-asent i tmura tibaltiyin ayen ur xdiment, sakin uznen-asent Igen Azewwagh akken ad tent-yett'ef. S tin n yighil ay d asent-yettwakkes uzarug-nsent i tmura-yagi. D acu kan, akken ad fken Yisuvyatiyen lh'eq i yiman-nsen, gan-d tifranin n tkellax. Timenza, d tid n Weswir n Wegdud Abulcivi (Congrès du Peuple bolchévique) -i deg ulac imazwaren n tenmegla (candidats d'opposition)-, tiyad' d tid n weqbal n unekcum n Liwanya s "lebghi-yines" gher Umenkud (Empire) n Stalin (deg wass n 3 Ghect 1940). Dgha asmi ay tughal Litwanya d ah'ric si Tdukli Tasuvyatit, ughalent-as-d snat n tmiwa timect'ah' si tid-nni ay yefka Stalin i Byilurusya. Tamenzut d tama ay d-yezzin ghef Druskininkai akk d Marcinkonys, ma d ti s snat, d tin d-yezzin ghef Svencionys, Mielagenai, Adutiskis akk d Tverecius (deg wegmud' -ccerq n tmurt). Yugh lh'al, di timiwa-yagi merr'a, tuget tameqqrant seg yimezdaghen d Ilitwaniyen.\nAkken kan tekcem Litwanya gher Tdukli Tasuvyatit, teghli di tsertit n uh'ettem n yedles asuvyati ghef Yilitwaniyen. Tamurt-nni ay d-yettwabnan s lh'if di 20 n yiseggasen [1920-1940, tallit i deg tewwi Litwanya azarug-is] hudden-tt Yisuvatiyen deg yiwet n teswiât. Sakin yewwed'-d rrebrab (terreur) akk d wenfay n medden si rrif gher Sibirya, xas ini-as tewwed'-d tallit n ussenger n wegdud. Yugh lh'al, imir-n ay bdan leqdic-nsen yimalalen (imâiwnen) n Stalin ay iz'ewren deg uhuddu n yegduden. Dgha hudden idles n tmurt yernu at'as n yedlisen ay sserghen, yernu imir-n kan, di 1940, ay d-yebda uhuddu n weghlan alitwani akk d tutlayt-is, d ahuddu ara yeqqimen 50 n yiseggasen.\nTesr'uh' tutlayt talitwanit az'ayer (statut) ay tt-ih'erzen, dgha seg yimir-n ay d-tegra ger n yifassen n yiberr'aniyen ay werdjin bghan-tt ad tili. Yesskcem-d unabad' asuvyati asselmed icekd'en (enseignement accéléré) n trusit am wakken ay d-yessekcem awalen ibulciviyen di tutlayt talitwanit. Ghef umedya, awal alitwani "ponas" (Ms. Mas) ay yettuseqdacen i usiwel yettwakkes, u rran-d deg wemkan-is awal "draugas" (ameddakel-camarade) yernu ismawen n yeghsuren (établissements), n tuddsiwin (organisations), n yizenqan akk d yeghmisen, atg. beddlen-ten akken ara d-azgin akk d umawal abulcivi.\nYugh lh'al, awalen ay d-yekkan si trusit nnernan s wat'as di tallit-nni.\nRrebrab i d-yeghlin ghef Yilitwaniyen yeh'bes asmi ay d-tesseghret (déclarer) Lalman amgaru ghef Rusya, dgha ghilen medden d akken d anect-a ara ten-id-yessuffghen. Kar'uh ay ker'hen imennekcamen yessawed'-iten ad refden leslah' mgal-nsen. D acu kan, mi yettaxer yiwen n weâdaw, yusa-d wayed' deg wemkan-is : mi yeffegh wahes (djihennama) azewwagh, ikcem-d wahes aghewwal (brun) deg wemkan-is, yernu aneggaru-ya yeddja-d ledjruh' imaynuten deg wegdud alitwani am akken yessenger qrib akk Uwdayen n Litwanya. Di Litwanya, sbedden-d Walmaniyen Agezdu Amatu Alitwani (General-Bezirk Litauen) i deg sseddan igezda n Asmena (Osmyany) akk d Svyriai (Svir) ay yefka Stalin i Byilurusya, d acu kan, ur d-sseddan ara yid-s igezda n Druskininkai akk d Marcinkonys, ay d as-yettunefken i Prusya tagmud'ant (tacerqit).\nD acu kan, xas akken ttwassnen Walmaniyen s lbat'el-nsen, ur d asen-gdilen ara i Yilitwaniyen ad ldin igherbazen-nsen di Litwanya tagmud'ant (tacerqit), d yiwet n tama ay yer'wan lh'if si zik seg unekcum n tutlayin tislaviyin ghur-s imi werdjin llin yigherbazen ilitwaniyen dinna, yernu imezdaghen n tama-ya llan ttuh'ettmen akken ad lemden ala kan tapulunit negh tarusit. D anect-nni ay yeddjan agdud alitwani ad d-yaki di tama-yagi i ghef "d-id'all lxir n R'ebbi". Kra n medden dindin kan mmektin-d talitwanit-nni ay llan ttmeslayen-tt yimawlan akk d lejdud-nsen, di lweqt i deg wiyad', âawden lemmden-tt si swadda. D acu kan, nesh'issif imi anect-a yakk cewwlen-t Yipuluniyen yernu âerd'en amek ara t-sh'ebsen. Yugh lh'al, ighallen n wezbu (résistance) n "Armija Krajowa" llan a ttnaghen am yizmawen mgal n yiserdasen n Hitler, d acu kan, di Litwanya tagmud'ant, bdan-d yiwet n lh'emla n rrebrab akk d tekrid't (violence) mgal n yimezdaghen ilitwaniyen n tama-nni ur nselleh' ara. D anect-a ay yesh'ebsen taneffut (rr'uh') n ussider alitwani deg wat'as n yimukan n tama-yagi, yernu di kra seg yimukan-a, ur tughal ara akk tlitwanit ad tettwahder'. Asmi ay ifuk wemgaru, d ixut'ay kan n medden ay yellan sâan tabghest (courage) di tama-nni akken ad d-inin d akken d Ilitwaniyen ay llan.\nAsmi ay yejbed iman-is yigen almani si Litwanya, ughalen-d Yibulciviyen tikkelt nnid'en gher tmurt, deg unebdu n 1944, dgha at'as n medden ay irewlen s Atram (Lgherb) imi ay ugaden lemmer ad ughalen "Yemzurgen-agi" (libérateurs) gher leqdic-nsen n rrebrab n zik-nni : ugaden lemmer ad d-yughal wenfay n medden gher Sibirya yernu ad tech'en fell-asen NKVD. Dgha, wid-n irewlen d'emâen ad awd'en s ighallen s Marikan negh Brit'anya u ad d-ughalen dindin kan gher tmurt-nsen [imi ay ssarmen ad ten-âiwnen Wutrimen-Igherbiyen- akken ad ssuffghen Isuvyatiyen si tmurt-nsen].\nD acu kan, yughal rr'wah'-nsen iâett'el at'as yernu at'as seg-sen ur d-nughal ara gher tmurt-nsen, qqimen di lgherba alammi d asmi mmuten. Ssarmen Yilitwaniyen d akken asmi ara rnun Yemsisan (Alliés) Lalman, ad asent-d-yughal uzarug-nsent i tmura tibaltiyin [timura ay d-yuzgan ghef yilel Abalti : Litwanya, Litt'unya akk d Ist'unya], akken ay d-yenna Werkawal Atlanti (Charte Atlantique) di 1941. D acu kan, Utrimen (Igherbiyen) isehh'er-iten Stalin u d anect-nni ay ten-yeddjan ad ssumlen kan (déononcer) ayen xedmen Yinaziyen, wanag ayen xedmen Yibulciviyen qeblen-t u ddjan Stalin ad yesserwet ddunit akken yebgha.\nAtan ihi wamek ay tufa tbulcivit -tasnakta-yagi tasedmart (réactionnaire)- amek ara teqqim di ddunit u ad d-teghd'el rrebrab akk d lbat'el meqqren i wach'al n yiseggasen ghef tmura ay terra gher ddaw n tecd'ad't-is. Litwanya tella tteddu akken ad tesâeddi yiwet n tallit d taberkant s ddaw n wanect-a yernu ayen yed'ran deg-s yewâer' ad t-id-neh'ku. D igiman (milliers) n Yilitwaniyen ay yettuâettben di tkurmutin (leh'bas) akk d yigulagen, igriren-nni (camps) wughur llan snejmaâen imenfiyen, yernu at'as deg-sen ay yemmuten imeghrasen (martyrs) deg yimukan-a.\nTafellah't talitwanit ihudd-itt wesmezdi (collectivisation) ay d-yettuh'ettmen ghef Yilitwaniyen. Maca ayen yugaren aya netta d ahuddu n tneffut (rr'uh') n wegdud alitwani s tkerkas (lekdeb) ay llan sselmaden-tent Yibulciviyen, d ah'ettem n tiddjin n ddin d lefsad i yes d-igellu waya di tt'biâa n medden akk d weâzal n Litwanya ghef tmura nnid'en n ddunit.\nTamurt tbedd deg wudem n umennekcam yernu yebda-d yimenghi iweâr'en. Irgazen imalayen (meilleurs) r'uh'en gher tz'egwa (leghwabi) dgha yebda-d wemgaru n yimughal (guerre des partisans). Xas akken txuss'-iten tallalt (lemâawna) si lberr'ani, isemtaren (conseillers), tizudar tiserdasiyin (bases militaires) akk d yemrigen itraren (armes modernes), imnaghen (imjuhad) Ilitwaniyen ssawd'en ad nnaghen ugar n 8 yiseggasen mgal n Yigen Azewwagh, win akken umi qqaren "igen ur nettwerna". Sakin, uznen-asen-d Yisuvyatiyen Amatu (général) P. Vetrov, d amenghay ameqqran ay yettwassnen yagi s wenfay n Yitcitciniyen akk d Yenguciyen si Quqaz, akk d usuffegh n Yitatar'en si Krimya. Imnaghen Ilitwaniyen ay yettwatt'fen s ddaw n leh'kem-is, llan tekksen-asen ayla-nsen yernu ttâelliqen-ten, tikwal mazal-iten d imuddiren, berr'a i temdint negh di tsenbert tazayezt (place publique) akken ad ssugden yis-sen medden. Tesr'uh' Litwanya seg wemgaru akk d tutt'fa taberr'anit tis tlata seg wegdud-is , di lweqt i deg Pulunya tesr'uh' kan tis setta. Agdud alitwani ay ineqsen, kecmen-t-id yigiman (milliers) n yiberr'aniyen ay d-yusan seg Wegmud' (Ccerq), yernu ughalen d nitni ay ih'ekmen deg yimezdaghen ines'liyen n tmurt. Yernu, iberr'aniyen-agi ur fkin ara akk azal i yedles akk d wansayen ilitwaniyen am akken llan ttcemmiten di tutlayt talitwanit.\nTers-d citt'ah' n lâafya asmi ay yemmut Stalin, asmi ay d-tebda tallit-nni n "wefsay n wegris" n yiseggasen n 1950. D acu kan, ur tâett'el ara ddeâwa tesbek, asmi ay tennerna tezmert n wid yellan ghef uqerru n Ukabar Amezdukli (parti communiste). Wigad-agi ttwassnen s ucemmet-nsen i umezruy alitwani yernu âerd'en ad rren Ilitwaniyen h'eqren iman-nsen, ttseth'in s las'el-nsen akken ad ten-rren d Irusiyen. Ma d aghlan alitwani yeqdec dima akken ad asen-yessexreb i wigi ayen llan bghan ad as-t-xedmen, yernu tella Litwanya di tallit-nni tugar akk timura nnid'en n Tdukli Tasuvyatit deg wanect ay d-tessuffugh d idlisen akk d yeghmisen uffiren, yernu tugar timiwa nnid'en awwi tesâa n yimez'layen (dissidents).\nTutt'fa taberr'anit th'uza at'as Litwanya tagmud'ant (tacerqit). Yugh lh'al, Ibulciviyen beddlen tilisa yellan ger n Byilurusya akk d Litwanya. Dgha ttunefken-as i Rusya, wasunen (districts) n Smolensk, Novel akk d Starodub d wiyad', ay yellan si zik d ah'ric si Byilurusya, ma d talast n Byilurusya telh'a-d gher Wetram (lgherb) u tettca-d seg wakal n wegdud alitwani. Asunen n Asmena (Osmyany) akk d Svyriai (Svir) ttwakksen-as i Litwanya di lweqt i deg ah'ric-nni n Druskininkai-Marcinkonys ay tt'fen Walmaniyen deg wemgaru, akk d tama n Klaipeda rran-ten-id i Litwanya. Amtawa (leâqed) n 1944 ger n Tdukli Tasuvyatit akk d Pulunya, yeddja azal n 200.000 n yemdanen ad r'uh'en si Litwanya gher Pulunya, tuget deg-sen d Ipuluniyen ay yellan zedghen di tama n Vilnius. D acu kan, llan gar-asen digh wat'as n Yilitwaniyen ay yesâeddan iman-nsen d Ipuluniyen akken ad rewlen si rrebrab n Stalin. Akken kan ffghen akk wigi, usan-d yiberr'aniyen akken ad awin imukan-nsen di Litwanya. Di lweqt i deg tuget n Yirusiyen llan ttr'uh'un ad zedghen di temdinin n Litwanya, tamurt llan keccmen-tt-id Yebyilurusiyen ay d-yekkan si tmiwa n Byilurusya ay iqerben gher Litwanya yernu nneghlen-d s wat'as ghef tama n Vilnius, anda ay ughalen semman i yiman-nsen "Ipuluniyen". Di tizi n 1950, ixemmem Stalin d akken azraâ n yedles d tutlayt talitwanit di tama n Vilnius yezga-d mgal n yeyraten (intérêts) Isuvyatiyen, dgha yebda udabu yettara igherbazen ilitwaniyen (akk d yigherbazen irusiyen !) d igherbazen n tutlayt tapulunit.\nDgha imir-n ay d-yebda uh'ettem n tutlayt tapulunit di tama n Vilnius u yella-d d amekrad' (violent) ugar n wakken t-xedmen Yipuluniyen di tallit i deg tt'fen tama-ya i deg ay d as-fkan Yibulciviyen tiyita is'ehh'an i tneffut (rr'uh') talitwanit. Deg wat'as n yimukan i deg medden merr'a llan ttmeslayen, negh meqqar fehhmen talitwanit ughalen ala kan d imgharen ay yecfan ghef tutlayt-a. Ghef umedya, ghef leh'sab n tesnadent (statistiques) n 1933, azal n 90% seg yimezdaghen n tama n Paskonys ay yellan ttmeslayen talitwanit, di lweqt i deg di 1979, ur wwid'en ara 30% n medden ay d-yennan d akken d Ilitwaniyen ay llan, ma di tama n Dieveniskes, ay yellan d "talitwanit" ugar n tmezwarut-nni, ala kan 19% seg yimezdaghen-is ay d-yeqqimen ttmeslayen tutlayt-nsen. Takard'a (carte) n yegduden tella tettbeddil udem. D acu kan, xas deg yimukan i deg tenger tlitwanit, llan mazal medden tt'fen deg wansayen ilitwaniyen: yugh lh'al maza l llan Yilitwaniyen xeddmen imidagen (croix) rrif n yiberdan (u llan ttruz'un-tent Yibulciviyen deg wat'as n yemd'iqen), mazal-iten z'ett'en icett'id'en, tisefd'in (serviettes) akk d tfers'uday n tadud't s rrqem alitwani, mazal-iten tezz'un tibh'irin n yijeddjigen, ur ibeddel ara wamek xeddmen tafellah't am wakken ur beddlen ara wansayen-nsen, cfan ghef tmucuha-nsen, tineflusin-nsen (superstitions) akk d kra si tesneqqist-nsen (mythologie).\nAnz'ul agmud'an (sud-est) n Litwanya yughal d tuâbint (mosaïque) n tutlayin. Yughal d awezghi ad tafed' din win yessnen kan yiwet n tutlayt yernu di tallit n tutt'fa taberr'anit r'ebâa n tutlayin ay yellan ttuseqdacent di tama-ya. Gher tama n tutlayin timens'abin (officielles), talitwanit akk d trusit, tella tebyilurusit "icaâen" (tin ssnen akk medden dinna) akk d tpulunit (polszczyzna litewska) mazal sâant ddur' meqqren di tama-ya. Yugh lh'al, tapulinit n tama-ya isker ay temgerrad ghef tin ay ttmeslayen di Pulunya, yernu ttmeslayen-tt ama di tmiwa n tutlayt talitwanit, ama di tid n tutlayt tabyilurusit. Ala kan d wid yeghran ay yellan ttmeslayen tapulunit tizeght (standard). Di tmiwa-yagi, at'as n medden ay yellan ttmeslayen tutlayt ur nelli d tutlayt-nsen tanes'lit. Ar ass-a, seg wakken tt'uqqtent tutlayin ay ttmeslayen di tama-yagi n Litwanya alammi ay yewâer' ad neg tilisa gar-asent sufella n tkard'a tasnilsit (linguistique). Akken ad ssersen tilisa ger n tama akk d tayed', imassanen ttwalin gher tutlayt tanes'lit ay tesseqdac tuget di medden di yal tama. Ghef waya ur a d-teddu ara trusit di tkard'iwin tisnilsiyin, imi tutlayt-a d nettat ay d taneggarut ay d-yewwd'en gher Litwanya yernu ala kan mbeâd n wemgaru ay tezreâ di tmurt-a u tuget deg wid ay tt-yesseqdacen sâan tutlayt nnid'en, tin yellan d tanes'lit-nsen. Yugh lh'al, ala kan d iminigen iberr'aniyen, ay d-yusan ad zedghen di Litwanya, ay yesâan tarusit d tutlayt-nsen tanes'lit.\nMbeâd n wemgaru, Ilitwaniyen ay yeddren di tama-nni ay yettunefken i Byilurusya sâeddan lh'if yugaren win ay sâeddan watmaten-nsen n Litwanya. Akken kan iâedda wemgaru, ttwaghelqen akk yigherbazen ilitwaniyen. Ldin deg wemkan-nsen igherbazen ibyilurusiyen (ay yughalen sakin d irusiyen), yernu yella yegdel ghef yibalmuden ad mmeslayen talitwanit ula di tesgunfut, swaswa akken yella lh'al di tallit n tutt'fa tarusit, di lqern wis 19. Assuffegh n yedlisen akk d yeghmisen s tlitwanit yettwah'bes. Anermis (contact) akk d Litwanya yughal yewâer' yernu yettwargel webrid i wembaddel adelsan ger n Yilitwaniyen n tama-ya akk d wid n Litwanya. Leqdic n Teklizt yettwah'bes mad'i yernu amrabed' n yir'umyen alitwani aneggaru di Byilurusya yettwabbez (arrêter) akken kan ifuk wemgaru.\nIlitwaniyen n tama-ya llan tth'ettimen-ten ad ssiggzen (ad mmer'kin) iman-nsen d Ibyilurusiyen negh d Ipuluniyen negh d Irisiyen akken ad yizdig wemd'iq-agi seg wegdud alitwani. Ass-a, mi ara rzun yimesnilsiyen (linguistes) gher kra n tudrin n tama-ya (anda ay ttmeslayen kra n tduntalyin -sous-dialectes- tiqdimin ay yuklalen ad ttwassnent), ttafen tikwal d akken amdan aneggaru ay yellan mazal yessen talitwanit din yemmut azal kan n useggas negh sin.\nIlitwaniyen ay yeddren deg wasunen n Punsk, Sejny akk d yiwen n weh'ric n Suwalki -d timiwa ay yettunefken i Pulunya- ur ten-ih'uza yara lh'if ay ih'uzan wid n tmiwa nnid'en. Dgha, nemgal (contrairement) n watmaten-nsen ay yeddren di Tdukli Tasuvyatit, wigi ur ten-yennul rrebrab n Stalin wala asmedzi yettuh'ettmen am akken ur ttuh'ettmen ara akken ad qeblen ansayen ibulciviyen, tarasred't (athéisme) d wayen akk h'ettmen Yisuvyatiyen ghef wegdud alitwani di Litwanya. D acu kan, ula di Pulunya ur llin ara yigherbazen ilitwaniyen di tazwara. Alammi d iseggasen n 1950 ay ddjan talitwanit ad tettuselmed, yernu tella tettuselmad kan s yisem-is d tanga (matière), sakin bdan kra n yigherbazen sselmaden tangiwin merr'a s tlitwanit u di 1956, teldi yiwet n tesnawit (lycée) talitwanit di Punsk. Naqal llant lxet'bat akk n teklizt ttwaxdament s tpulunit sakin tughal-d tlitwanit gher kra n teklizin n tama-yagi. Si 1957 ay sâan Yilitwaniyen n Pulunya tiddukla-nsen tadelsant yernu ssuff ughen-d aghmis-nsen umi qqaren Ausra (Tafejrit). D acu kan, ula d nitni ur mniâen ara si tesmez'lit (discrimination) imi ay yella yettwagdel-asen ad mmeslayen s tlitwanit deg yimukan izuyaz (lieux publics) alammi 1950, am wakken ur ten-id-is'ah' ara ad mmeslayen s tutlayt-nsen deg usawal alammi d 1990.\nTama n Klaipeda [ay d-yuzgan deg wetram-lgherb n Litwanya] tent'err mlih' seg wemgaru, imi tuget akk deg yimezdaghen-is wwin-ten Walmaniyen gher tmiwa ibeâden n Lalman yernu at'as seg Yilitwaniyen-agi deg Wetram ay qqimen asmi ay yefra wemgaru. Ma wid ay d-yeqqimen di tama-ya, nfan-ten Yisuvyatiyen gher Sibirya. Dgha ala citt'ah' kan seg yimezdaghen ines'liyen n Klaipeda ay d-yeqqimen di tama-ya. Âerd'en ad gen yimesnilsiyen (linguistes) tizrawin (études) ghef tutlayt-nsen am akken zerwen tiduntalyin n Litwanya tagmud'ant (tacerqit) imi ay sâant azal meqqren deg wezraw n tutlayt tahendur'ufit (indo-européen).\nIlitwaniyen n Prusya Tagmud'ant (tacerqit) ssarmen ad tettwaqqen tama-nsen gher Litwanya mi ara yefru wemgaru u ad ifak lh'if fell-asen, d acu kan, tin yexdem deg-sen Stalin ur txulef ara tin yexdem deg Walmaniyen, dgha yebda-d rrebrab. D Almaniyen negh Ilitwaniyen, llan ssuffughen-ten-id merr'a Yisuvyatiyen seg yexxamen-nsen akken ad ten-nghen di lbat'el. Yeghli-d laz' ghef tama-yagi merr'a yernu yebda-d ussenger n wegdud-is. Deg Usarag (conférence) n Potsdam, tettwafreq Prusya Tagmud'ant (Tacerqit) ger n Tdukli Tasuvyatit akk d Pulunya. Dgha yefka Stalin ah'ric-nni asuvyati i Tfidir'alit Tarusit, xas akken ur tt-crikent ara tlisa akk d tama-yagi, yernu dindin kan wwd'en-d Yirusiyen akken ad zedghen deg-s. Yugh lh'al, asmi ay tettwaqqen tama-ya [umi qqaren ass-a Kaliningrad] gher Rrus, sr'uh'en Yilitwaniyen tilisa-nsen akk d Walmaniyen, mbeâd ma llan d inaragen (ldjiran) ugar n 700 n yiseggasen, dgha ufan-d Yilitwaniyen iman-nsen zzin-asen-d Yeslaviyen si yal tama. Âerd'en Yibulciviyen ad asen-skecmen i medden takti d akken Prusya Tagmud'ant tella d tama taslavit si zzman aqdim (d ayen yellan d azulal -absurde). Ttubeddlen yismawen n yemd'iqen n tama-ya akken ara cabin gher yismawen irusiyen am wakken ay d-kecmen yismawen irusiyen di yal amkan. Fkan Yisuvyatiyen ismawen irusiyen i yemd'iqen yellan sâan ismawen icuban talmanit, am beddlen ismawen ilitwaniyen d yeprusiyen [ay d-yekkan si tutlayt taprusit taqdimt ay icuban talitwanit], ay d-yeqqimen si zzman aqdim yernu ula d ismawen n yisafen ttubeddlen u qlil kan sanda yed'ra waya deg umezruy n ddunit.\nMa d Ipuluniyen, ula d nitni d'efren tasertit-nni n Yisuvyatiyen deg "umur-nsen" n Prusya Tagmud'ant. Dgha at'as n yismawen n yemd'iqen ilitwaniyen ay kksen u rran deg wemkan-nsen ismawen ipuluniyen, yernu snegren talitwanit n Prusya Tagmud'ant, d tutlayt ay yesâan ddur' meqqren di tlalit n tutlayt talitwanit tizeght (standard) n wass-a.\nAss-a, at'as n Yilitwaniyen ara yettidiren berr'a i tmiwa n wegdud alitwani: wigi d arraw n wid-n akken irewlen deg wemgaru, wid yettwanfan d wiyad'. Ger n 30.000 d 40.000 n Yilitwaniyen ara yettidiren di Litt'unya [d tamurt iqerben gher Litwanya], di Byilurusya nezmer ad naf ma cwit' 10.000 n Yilitwaniyen, ma di Rusya, ugar 100.000 n Yilitwaniyen ay yellan (tuget deg-sen n imenfiyen akk d warraw-nsen, d acu kan, at'as seg-sen ay d-yughalen gher Litwanya), u ad ilin ahat azal n 20.000 negh n 30.000 n Yilitwaniyen deg wayen d-yegran si tegdudyin [tiqburin] n Tdukli Tasuvyatit. Berr'a i Litwanya, ula d yiwen n ugherbaz alitwani ur yeldi di tmiwa nnid'en n Tdukli Tasuvyatit. D anect-nni ay yeddjan amd'an n wid yettmeslayen talitwanit ad yenqes s lâejlan.\nBerr'a i tlisa n Tdukli Tasuvyatit, yerna wemd'an n yiminigen imi ay d-wwd'en yiminigen imaynuten, tuget deg-sen llan si tmegzi (intelligentsia) negh si tedghert (élite) talitwanit. Wigi mâawanen wagar-asen u ttekkan deg wat'as n leqdicat idelsanen, ladgha wid-n akken yettidiren deg Yiwunak Yedduklen n Temrikt (USA). Dgha ssuffghen-d at'as n yedlisen akk d yeghmisen, yernu ger wigi akk, llan yedlisen d yeghmisen yerzan tutlayt talitwanit. Lemmer ad d-njemmel akk iminigen yellan ass-a deg Yiwunak Yedduklen, ama d iqburen negh d imaynuten, ad ten-naf wwd'en s amelyun, d acu kan, ala kan tis tlata deg-sen ahat ay d-mazal ssnen ad mmeslayen talitwanit. At'as n Yilitwaniyen ay yettidiren digh di Brizil (azal n 50.000), di Ter'jentint (azal n 35.000), di Kanada (azal n 30.000), di Ustr'alya (azal n 10.000) akk d wanda nnid'en. Deg yemd'iqen-agi merr'a, talitwanit kecment-tt-id tutlayin n tmura-ya, dgha tughal temxallaf citt' g hef tin ay ttmeslayen di Litwanya.\nAsmi yefra wemgaru, tutlayt talitwanit s timmad-is tesâedda tagnit n lh'if s ddaw n udabu asuvyati. Ah'ettem n unnejli, anfay si tmurt, igriren n wesnejmeâ (camps de concentrations) n yimeh'bas akk d ussenger n wegdud ... anect-a yakk yessenqes s tis tlata amd'an n wid yettmeslayen s tlitwanit. Yugh lh'al, ula d inurar i deg tezmer tlitwanit ad tettuseqdec neqsen. Ur tettuseqdac di tghawsiwin n tesnassaght (diplomatie), wala deg yigen, yernu tella simmal ttaddjan-tt deg yinurar nnid'en n unabad' (gouvernement). Ula d asseqdec-yines azayez (usage public) yenqes s lâejlan. Tamenzut, tughal ur a tettuseqdac ara deg Ukabar Amezdukli (Parti Communiste) akk d tedbelt (administration), sakin, tughal maci d tutlayt n teywalt (communication) ger n yigezda (département), ddjan-tt yeghsuren imens'aben (établissements officiels) yernu di tgara, teffegh ula seg yinurar n temguri (industrie) d leqdic, seg waddal akk d yimez'la n tghiwant (services communaux). Anda ma teddid', d tarusit ara yettawin amkan n tlitwanit. Tikwal, mi ara yebghu Ulitwani ad as-yaru i Ulitwani nnid'en ay iqeddcen di kra n weghsur, s trusit ara d as-yaru. At'as n yimesnarayen (bureaucrates) ilitwaniyen imeqqranen ay yettwakksen u rran-d deg yimukan-nsen Irusiyen. Xas âeddan ghef Yirusiyen-agi ugar n âecrin n yiseggasen n leqdic, werdjin lemden ad mmeslayen talitwanit yernu ula d "azul" ur ssinen ara ad t-inin i wabâad' s tutlayt-a. Dgha yughal d awezghi ad yesseqdec wemdan talitwanit deg wat'as n yeghsuren.\nDdur' n tlitwanit yenqes di tghamsa, di rr'adyu akk d tilibizyu u yenqes ula deg ugherbaz yernu cwit', cwit' ara tettwakkas tlitwanit si tkadimit. Ah'ettem n tutlayt tarusit yughal yedjhed ugar n wakken yella di tallit n Utzar' (tsar). Ayen i gher ur yessawed' ara udabu atzar'i (tsariste) ad t-yexdem deg yiwen n lqern, ssawd'en Yibulciviyen ad t-xedmen di kra kan n tmerwatin (décades).\nUghalen Yilitwaniyen merr'a ssnen u sseqdacen snat n tutlayin. Maca nnig waya, âerd'en Yibulciviyen amek ara d-sseknen d akken azraâ n tutlayt tarusit yesâa lfayda tussnant (scientifique). Dgha snulfan-d tiz'ri (théorie) n "wesdukel" n yegduden akk d tutlayin [akken ad ughalen yimezdaghen n Tdukli Tasuvyatit merr'a ad ttmeslayen s yiwet kan n tutlayt]. Di 1979, yettwaxdem usarag "amusnaw" [ghef tutlayt] di Tackent [tamaneght n Tadjikistan], u seg yimir-n ay yesnerna udabu asuvyati s kra n wayen ay izemren ad iâiwen tutlayt tarusit akken ad tezreâ di Litwanya. Yewwed' udabu alammi ay yessekcem tarusit s almaten n yigerdan (jardins d'enfants) n Litwanya yernu tughal tlitwanit tesâa kan amkan n tutlayt "taz'iyant" (régionale), amkan n tutlayt tis snat u ir'uh'-as wazal-nni ay tella tesâa-t di tmurt-is, ghur wegdud-is.\nAt'as n Yilitwaniyen ay yellan ttmeslayen tarusit xir n tlitwanit yernu teh'bes tanneflit tamagnut (développement normal) n tutlayt talitwanit. Llan wid iâerd'en -yernu âemmden- amek ara sqerben talitwanit gher trusit, di lweqt i deg kra, nnan-d d akken werdjin tedder tlitwanit di tegnit n liser akken tella tettidir s ddaw n Yibulciviyen. Yugh lh'al, assekcem n tutlayt tarusit gher Litwanya yettwaxdem mebla taksent (contrôle) yernu yegla-d s yixess'aren imeqqranen ghef tutlayt talitwanit deg yinurar merr'a i deg tella tettuseqdac. Wid-n akken ay tezrer (influencer) trusit s wat'as wwd'en alammi ara ttmeslayen talitwanit s weghdebbu (accent) arusi yernu tughal tlitwanit-agi n weghdebbu arusi nezmer ad tt-nsel ama di temliliyin negh tilibizyu akk d rr'adyu, yernu tikwal, llan sseqdacen-tt ula di tceqfatin n umezgun.\nAmawal (léxique) n tlitwanit ay ttmeslayen medden yughal yettcur' d\nawalen n trusit. Medden bdan sseqdacen ula d awalen n trusit ur d-nemyezg ara akk d talghiwin (formes) n wawalen n tlitwanit, dgha akken d-ttwant'aqen wawalen-agi di trusit ara ten-ssexdamen Yilitwaniyen di tlitwanit. Yernu bdan digh medden sseqdacen awalen n tlitwanit akken ay ttuseqdacen wawalen n trusit, meh'sub, ughalen ttbeddilen-asen inumak (lemâani) i wawalen ilitwaniyen ay icuban awalen irusiyen, u ttaken-asen inumak-nni ay sâan di trusit. Ghef umedya, awal alitwani "eile" yughal unamek-is "at'as", "kra" negh "tarbaât", imi ay yettuseqdac di trusit wawal icuban wagi yernu yesâa inumak-agi. Akken ad d-inin Yilitwaniyen "lghella tettwamger S wemger" (s usseqdec n tzelgha n wallal -particule d'instrument), "derliu nueme kombaino", ughalen rnan-d awal "pagalba", "s tallalt n" (s lmaâwana), xas ur t-sseqdacen ara zik di tutlayt-nsen, dgha ughalen qqaren-d s tutlayt-nsen akken d-qqaren s trusit "derliu nueme kombaino pagalba" - "lghella tettwamger S TALLALT n wemger".\nTughal tlitwanit tesseqdac at'as n tghawsiwin yeqqnen gher tjerr'umt tarusit : tijr'utin (cas) n trusit, talghiwin-is tisendadin (formes réfléchies), izwiren (préfixes) akk d tenzagh (prépositions) n trusit tt'uqqten di tlitwanit. Tughal ula d tafyirt (phrase) talitwanit tettwabna akken tettwabna tefyirt tarusit. (...)\nYettwakkes-d wed'ris-agi seg wedlis n Z. Zinkevicius\n"History of the Lithuanian Language" (Amezruy n Tutlayt Talitwanit)\nTasuqilt sghur n : Omar MOUFFOK\nTzemrem ad terzum s asebter-agi (page) akken ad d-tafem ugar n yisallen :\nD ACU-TT TLITWANIT ?\nSeg wasmi ay tewwi Litwanya azarug-is, di 1990, tughal tlitwanit d nettat ay d tutlayt tamens'abt n tmurt-agi. Yugh lh'al, tutlayt-a a yesâeddan azal n 400 n yiseggasen n lh'if akk d th'eqranit, yughal-itt-id wayen i deg tettalas u dindin kan teddjudjeg-d u teh'la si ledjruh' ay d-yeddja deg-s umezruy.\nLitwanya d yiwet si tmura yellan zik d ah'ric si Tdukli Tasuvyatit. Uqbel ma yekcem gher tdukli-yagi, tewwi azarug-is di 1920, d acu kan, Isuvyatiyen tt'fen tamurt-a xas ur yebghi wegdud-is di 1940, u h'ettmen-tt ad tili d ah'ric seg wemd'al amezdukli (monde communiste) alammi d 1990, asmi ay tt-id-tughal tlelli-yines i tikkelt tis snat. Tuzga-d Litwanya ghef yiri n yilel Abalti (mer Baltique), yernu nettat d yiwet si tlata-nni n tmura tibaltiyin (pays baltes), gher tama Litt'unya akk d Ist'unya, wukud tecrek at'as n tghawsiwin, ama deg yedles negh deg umezruy. Litwanya tesâa tilisa akk d Litt'unya deg ugafa (nord), akk d Byilurusya deg wegmud' (ccerq), akk d yilel Abalti deg wetram u th'udd-itt-id Pulunya akk d wasun (territoire) arusi n Kaliningrad seg wetram akk d wenz'ul (sud). Tamaneght-is isem-is Vilnius, ma d Klaipeda, ay d-yuzgan deg wetram (lgherb) d yiwet si temdinin timeqqranin akk n tmurt-a.\nAqeddem n tutlayt :\nTalitwanit ttmeslayen-tt ass-a 3 n yimelyunen n medden di Litwanya (98 % seg yimezdaghen n Tegduda Talitwanit), ma nerna-yas-d i wemd'an-agi anect yettmeslayen talitwanit berr'a i Litwanya, ad d-naf d akken 3,5 n yimelyunen n yemdanen ara yettmeslayen talitwanit deg wemd'al. Si ger n 800.000 n Yilitwaniyen ay yettidiren di lberr'ani, ah'ric ameqqran deg-sen yettidir deg Yiwunak Yedduklen (650.000), maca digh nezmer ad naf at'as n Yilitwaniyen di Pulunya (anda 70.000 n yemdanen ay yettmeslayen talitwanit), di Brizil (40.000), di Ter'jentint (35.000), di Kanada (14.725), di Brit'anya Tameqqrant (12.000), akk d Uruguay (10.000) (Grimes 1992). D acu kan, akken d-iger tamawt Zinkuvicius deg wedlis-is, maci Ilitwaniyen merr'a ay izedghen di lberr'ani ssnen tutlayt-nsen.\nDeg wennar n tesnilsit (linguistique), qqaren-d d akken d talitwanit i deg ay d-qqimen wat'as akk n yedrizen (traces) si tutlayt tahendur'ufit (indo-européen) taqdimt, tin i seg d-yeffegh umur meqqren si tutlayin n Tur'uft n wass-a. Qqiment-d di tlitwanit at'as n tghawsiwin n tjerr'umt taqburt ay sr'uh'ent tutlayin tihendur'ifiyin nnid'en. D acu kan, am tutlayin merr'a n twacult tahendur'ufit, ula d talitwanit tbeddel akk d lweqt. Talgha (forme) taqburt akk n tlitwanit yettwassnen, qqaren-as "talitwanit taqburt", yiwen ur a tt-yettmeslay ass-a.\nTalitwanit tekcem di twacult tameqqrant n tutlayin tihendur'ufiyin (indo-européenne), am tefr'ensist, taneglizit akk d weh'ric meqqren si ttulayin n Tur'uft (Europe). D acu kan, talitwanit ur tcuba ara at'as tafr'ensist negh taneglizit am akken tcuba tutlayin ay d-iqerben ghur-s, tid wukud tecrek az'ar iqerben. Tawacult n tutlayin tihendur'ufiyin tebd'a d ifurka, dgha talitwanit tekcem deg ufurk n tutlayin tibaltiyin, di lweqt i deg taneglizit akk d talmanit, ghef umedya, kecment deg ufurk n tutlayin tijirmaniyin. Afurk n tutlayin tibaltiyin yebd'a ghef snat n tegrawin (tirebbaâ) : tutlayin tibaltiyin tigmud'anin (ticerqiyin) i deg tella tlitwanit akk d tlitt'unit (letton, d tutlayt icuban mlih' taliwanit u ttmeslayen-tt di Litt'unya), akk d terbaât n tutlayin tibaltiyin tutrimin (tigherbiyin) i deg tella teprusit taqburt, d tutlayt ay inegren di tizi n 1700, u qqimen-d seg-s ala kan kra n yedrizen (traces) yuran. Ihi, t utlayt i gher teqreb kter' tlitwanit d talitt'unit. Yugh lh'al, tutlayin-agi di snat ugarent akk tutlayin tihendur'ufiyin deg wanect i d-yeqqimen deg-sent d idrizen iqburen di tejr'utin (cas) n thendur'ifit taqburt.\nTantalyin n tlitwanit :\nTalitwanit tella tesâa at'as n tentalyin, d acu kan, llant kra deg-sen ay yedduklen akk d tiyad', u ughalent d yiwet kan n tentala. Ma d imesilsiyen (linguistes), msefhamen s umata akken ad bd'un talitwanit ghef snat n tentalyin timeqqranin. Tamenzut, d tin umi qqaren "aukshtaichiai" negh tukctaytit, negh Talitwanit n Ufella. Ma d tis snat d tin umi qqaren "zemachiai" negh tasamugtit negh Talitwanit n Wadda. Yiwen n umassan, Grimes (deg wedlis-is n 1992), yerna-d tantala tis tlata, tadzukit, ay yeh'seb d yiwet si tentalyin timeqqranin n tlitwanit, di lweqt i deg tuget deg n yimassanen qqaren-d d akken tadzukit d tand'a kan (variante) n tukctaytit. Tutlayt talitwanit tatrat ay tesseqdac tmurt ass-a tekka-d seg yiwet n tduntala (sous-dialecte) n tukctaytit (talitwanit n ufella) ay ttmeslayen deg wenz'ul (sud) n Litwanya, d acu kan, id'risen iqburen akk n tlitwanit uran s tlitwanit n wadda.\nTalitwanit tesseqdac agemmay alatini ay yettubeddlen citt'ah'. Akken ad d-sbanen "ighdebba" (accents) n tutlayt talitwanit, Ilitwaniyen sseqdacen izmal n ussemgirred (signes diacritiques). Yugh lh'al, tesseqdec tlitwanit yiwen n lweqt agemmay asirili (arusi) si 1864 alammi d 1905, d acu kan, yughal-itt-id ugemmay alatini imi d netta kan ay isehlen i tira-yines.\nTasghent-is (ddur'-is) di tmetti :\nAss-a, talitwanit tesâa az'ayer (statut) n tutlayt tamens'abt di Litwanya, yernu tettuseqac deg yinurar merr'a n leqdic akk d tudert n yal ass. Seg wasmi ay d-yebda lqern wis 20 ara tettuseqdac tlitwanit deg ugherbaz.\nGer n 1920 d 1940 (di tallit n uzarug amenzu n tmurt), tesbedd-d Litwanya anagraw (système) ikemlen n usselmed ara yesseqdacen talitwanit d tutlayt n usselmed seg ugherbaz amenzu alamma d tasdawit. Yugh lh'al, agdud alitwani d win ih'emmlen ad igher at'as s tutlayt-is. Di tallit i deg tewwi Litwanya azarug-is amenzu, ugar n 7100 n yedlisen ay d-yeffghen s tlitwanit, yernu ass-a at'as n tghawsiwin yuran ara d-iteffghen s tlitwanit, gar-asent id'risen ussnanen (textes scientifiques) d wakniyen (techniques) akk d yeghmisen d tesghunin (revues). Di 1990, ffghen-d di Litwanya 240 n yeghmisen s 4,5 n yimelyunen n wudmawen (exemplaires) akk d 43 n tesghunin s 2,6 n yimelyunen n wudmawen.\nLlant digh tregwa n rr'adyu akk d tilibizyu s tlitanit. Kra n wahilen (programmes) ay d-tgen i yiberr'aniyen, ttmeslayen s teglizit.\nMi akka ara d-yettqerrib uzemz (date) n unekcum n Litwanya gher Tdukli Tur'ufit (Union Européenne), talitwanit ur tettghimi ara kan d tutlayt taghelnawt n yiwet kan n tmurt wanag ad tughal d yiwet si tutlayin timens'abin n Tur'uft u ad d-taf iman-is s waya tga ah'urif gher sdat akken ad tughal d tutlayt tagraghlant. Xas ma yella lqern wis 20 yeddja-d ledjruh' di tutlayt-a yernu qrib yegli yis-s akken ad tughal si tutlayin yemmuten, lqern wis 21 yeldi-d tiwwura timaynutin ghef tutlayt-a akken ad tennerni gher sdat.\n[Ah'ric meqqren seg wed'ris-agi newwi-t-id seg wemd'iq n Tesdawit n Los Angeles. UCLA Language Profiles.]\nTasuqilt n Hamid OUBAGHA\nImagraden yeqqnen s asentel n wutt'un-a :\nTabrat n Yimedyazen : Utt'un 14 : Tasertiti n tutlayin di Ist'unya\n<<< Qqel γer Ụṭ̣̣ṭ̣un 2 Ddu γer Ụṭ̣̣ṭ̣un 4 >>>


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url: =Hiṛakles illul di Tibi, mmi-s n Dzus d Alkmini, d-yefrurin di Piṛsiyus, tmeṭṭut n ugellid Umfitryun. Dzus ira ad yili mmi-s i iggehden aṭas, win i izemren ad ad isellek imdanen d idiyusen.\nYiwen wass, Dzus yegga agellid Umfitryun almi yunag, iga akka iḥbes Hilyuṣ, iṭij, 3 wussan. Syen sakkin, iṣubb-d seg igenni ɣer tmurt, yetti d agellid Umfitryun, ikcem ɣer Alkmini, igen yid-es 3 wuḍan.\nMaca Hiṛa, tmeṭṭut n Dzus, kulci ɣef tiṭ-is. Zwar a d-ilal Hiṛakles, tuzen Tilityin, neɣ lqiblat, ɣer tmurt n Waṛgus, anda d-sllulent Iristyus, mmi-s n ugellid Stilinuṣ, zwar lawan. Sllulent-t-id akken ad yuɣal tagara d netta i d agellid n Waṛgus deg wemkan n Hiṛakles.\nAkken kan d-illul Hiṛakles, yewwi-t Hiṛmes, yegr-it ɣer wusu n Hiṛa, akken ad yeṭṭeḍ deg idmaren-is ayefki. - Imi akken Hiṛakles ad yuɣal d alebdi, issefk-as ad yeṭṭeḍ ayefki n tdiyust. – Nettat, Hiṛa, tella tgen. Maca Hiṛakles imi yebda tuṭḍa, deg wakken muqer uɛebbuḍ-is, iteṭṭeḍ iteṭṭeḍ deg-s almi tt-id-yesaki. Hiṛa imi d-tuki, twalla-t akkenni, terfa, dɣa tdegger-it. Imi t-tdegger, yeffeɣ-d deg idmaren-is yizir n uyefki, iḍleq deg igenni, yuɣal d abrid n wallim.\nYiwen wass, Hiṛa tegga Hiṛakles almi yeṭṭes, tuzn-as ɣer dduḥ sin izerman akken ad t-nɣen. Maca Hiṛakles, ɣas akkenni d agrud, ixenq-iten i sin. Alkmini d Umfitryun imi t-wallan akkenni, uznen wwin-d acelak Tiṛizyas, i sen-d-yennan d akken Hiṛakles d mmi-s n Dzus, agellid n idiyusen.\nHiṛakles yesekr-it-id Kiyṛun, d netta i s-yeslemden arti n lgirra d imenɣi.\nHiṛakles, asmi muqer, yuɣ Migaṛa, urwen-d aṭas igurdan. Yiwen wass, tsehbli-t Hiṛa, tmeṭṭut n Dzus, dɣa Hiṛakles yekker, yenɣa arraw-nni-ines. Imi d-yuki, yeẓra dacu i iga, iṛuḥ yesuter deg idiyusen akken ad t-surfen. Idiyusen, amek ara s-gen, uznen-t ɣer Iristiyus, agellid n Tirunta, di tmurt n Waṛgus, akken ad s-d-yefk 12 ikuṛfiyen ara yeg, swamek sakkin ara surfen idiyusen ɣef wayen iga.\nIkuṛfiyen n Hiṛakles\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad ineɣ izem n Nnimya. Izem-agi n Nnimya yessenger izgaren d wulli n imezdaɣ n Nnimya. Izem-agi, ɣur-es aglim ur tigezzem ara ujenwi. Amek ara yeg Hiṛakles, yefren akken ad yennaɣ yid-es s ufus. Akken kan myuṭṭafen, Hiṛakles yeɛna izem-nni yeṭṭef-it di tmexneqt. Akken t-yenɣa, yekker yekkes-as accaren-is, yuza-t yis-n. Yeskew aglim-is, ssyen sakkin, yerra-t d ajellid, yettlusu-t.\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad ineɣ Hidṛa n Liṛnaya. Hidṛa n Liṛniya d talafsa, ɣur-es 9 iqurray. Rnu aqerruy-ines aneggaru d alebdi. Talafsa-yagi tettidir s daxel n tala n Liṛniya, yiwen mačči yezmer ad isew neɣ ad yagem dinna. Rnu tikwal, m ara terfu, tettekkes-asen aman i imezdaɣ n tmurt n Liṛniya. Hiṛakles imi yunag akken ad ineɣ talafsa-yagi, yegla yid-s s wayaw-is Iyulaweṣ. Hiṛakles yeẓra d akken talafsa-nni, yal tikelt m ara s-tgezmeḍ aqerruy, imir imir, ad d-tesemɣi wayeḍ. Imi wwḍen, Hiṛakles imugger talafsa-nni s wefruy, maca yal tikkelt m ara s-yegzem yiwen uqerruy, ad yazzel wayaw-is ad yezuzer i wemkan-nni iɣed akken ur d-ixelef ara. Yegura-d aqerruy aneggaru, amek ara s-yeg Hiṛakles, yeddem-d anecab, isegg-it di mseblu n idamen n tlafsa-nni, dɣa yesentat-yas-t deg wemgeṛḍ i tlafsa-nni, dɣa yenɣa-tt.\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad d-yeṭṭef ilef n Yirimantus. Ilef-agi iffeggel akk urtan d yigran n tmurt n Yirimantus. Hiṛakles yulli ɣer wedrar n Yirimantus, inuda ɣef yilef-nni almi t-yufa. Ssyen sakkin iddehm-it. Iddehm-it almi d yiwet n teẓgi, anda yessaɣ aṭas n wedfel, dɣa ilef-nni yeɛya. Dɣa yeṭṭef-it-id.\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad yawi d tamuddirt tizerzert n Kiṛinya. Tizerzert-agi n tdiyust Aṛtimis, ɣur-es tinsa n wirran d wacciwen n wureɣ. Ulac akk win i tt-yugaren di tazzla. Am yilef-nni n Yirimantus, iddehm-itt Hiṛakles. Netta yettazzal, nettat tettazzal. Iɛedda useggas ur tt-id-yeṭṭif ara. Maca yegga-tt yiwen wass almi teṭṭes, ijelleb fell-as, icekkel-itt, dɣa yewwi-tt-id d tamuddurt ɣef tuyat-is. Maca imi tt-id-yewwi, tluɛa-t-id Aṛtimis, tgennawt n wegmer, tenna-yas : « Tizerzert-agi inu, awwi-yas-tt i ugellid Iristyus, maca ha ammer yella kra ara tt-yaɣen ! »\nIssefk-as ad ineɣ ifṛax n Stimfallus. Ifṛax-agi annect-ilaten, ttidiren deg ugelmim n Stimfallus. Ifṛax-agi qarren-asen mečč-imdanen, imi yal tikelt m ara iqerreb wemdan ɣer ugelmim-agi n Stimfallus, ad as-zzin, a t-ččen. Hiṛakles, yewwi aneccab d uɣafa, yunag ɣer ugelmim-agi. Imi yewweḍ, isseg inecaben-is deg idammen n Hidṛa, yebda ṣṣyada deg-sen. Yenɣa-ten akken ma llan.\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad yenneḍ iddaynin neɣ lkuriwat n ugellid Aggiyaṣ. Agellid Aggiyaṣ, ɣur-es aṭas n lmal : igemren, izgarren, ulli… Rnu lkuriwat n ugellid-agi, acḥal d aseggas, mačči yella win i ten-yenḍen. Hiṛakles yekker-asen. Iwwet fell-asen 10 iseggasen, ulac. Yiwen wass yerfa, dɣa iga akka ibeddel-as i wasif n tmurt-nni tikli, yerra-t ɣer iddaynin n ugellid Aggiyaṣ, dɣa aman n wasif-nni glan s kulci.\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad d-yeṭṭef aṭṭuṛu n Hiṛaklyun, baba-s n Miniṭuṛ. Am tzerzert-nni n Aṛtimis d yilef-nni n Yirimantus, acḥal d aseggas d Hiṛakles yettazzal deffir-s. Asmi t-id-yeṭṭef, ira Hiṛakles akken ad yefk d tarzeft i tgennawt Hiṛa, tmeṭṭut n Dzus, tugi.\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad d-yeṭṭef tigemrin n Dyumides. Dyumides d agellid n tmurt n Tṛakkus, ɣur-es 4 tgemrin i iɛellef s weksum n yemdanen. Hiṛakles yeṭṭef abrid. Akken kan yewweḍ ɣer tmurt n Tṛakkus, yeṭṭef Dyumides, agellid n tmurt-agi, yefka-t i tgemrin ččant-t. Akken ččant almi ṛwant, dɣa yekker Hiṛakles yezzuɣer-iten-id, yewwi-tent-id ɣer Mikini, i ugellid n Waṛgus.\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad d-yawi taɣeggaṭ n Hippulutti, tgelliṭ n Tmaẓunin. Timaẓunin-agi d tilawin tigrariyin, ttidirent gar-asent kan. Ticki i rant a d-arwent, ad ffɣent ɣer lgirra, ad d-awint irgazen. Akken kan ara refdent, ad nnγent irgazen-nni. Ssyen sakkin ad d-sekkrent tullas ara d-illalen, ma d arrac ttarant-ten d iseklafen-nnsent. Timaẓunin gezzment tabbuct tayeffust akken ad sen-tesgel tyita n unecab d uɣafa.\nHiṛakles, akken kan isers iḍarren-is di tegzirt n tlawin-agi, ṭṭfent-t, wwint-t i tgelliṭ-nnsent Hippulutti. Maca tagelliṭ-agi, akken kan twalla Hiṛakles, tuɣ deg-s tmes n tayri. Dɣa tḥebs-it ɣer-s.\nTadiyust Hiṛa, imi teẓra akken, tetti d tamaẓunt, tenna-yasent i yessetma-s d akken Hiṛakles yusa-d akken ad yaker taɣeggaṭ n tgelliṭ-nnsent Hippulutti. Dɣa sekkrent-t. Hiṛakles, imi iwalla akkenni, yettɣil d tagelliṭ Hippulutti i t-yezzenzen, dɣa iga akka yenɣa-tt, yekkes-as taɣeggaṭ-nni-ines, dɣa yerwel.\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad d-yawi ɣer Wargus izgaren n umeksa Geryunes. Geryunes d acacfal, ɣur-es aṭas n yezgaren, maca ulac akk win yeẓran anda yettidir. Hiṛakles yunag, yunada fell-as 7 iseggasen, swamek imiren i t-id-yufa, di tmurt n Urutraya. Akken yewweḍ Hiṛakles, yenɣa ameksa Geryunes, yewwi aqḍar n yezgaren-is i ugellid n Wargus Iristiyus. Iristyus akken kan iwalla izgarren-nni, deg wakken s-hwan, iga akka: yezla-ten d tarzeft i tdiyust Hiṛa.\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad d-yawi tiḍufa n Yispirides, deg wedrar n Waṭlas. Hiṛakles yunag ɣer Waṭlas. Imi yewweḍ, yufa aṭiṭani Aṭlas, yeṭṭef ddunit ɣef tuyat-is. Yenna-yas Hiṛakles i Waṭlas : « Ṛuḥ kkes-iyi-d tiḍufa n Yispirides. » - Yenna-yas Waṭlas : « Ṭṭef ciṭuḥ ddunit-agi ɣef tuyat-ik, ad ṛuḥeɣ ad k-tent-id-kkseɣ. » - Hiṛakles yeṭṭef ddunit ɣef tuyat-is, ma d Aṭlas yekcem ɣer wurtan n Yispiridis, yewwi-yas-id tiḍufa i Hiṛakles. Maca imi d-yezzi, imi yekker ad s-yerr Hiṛakles ddunit-nni ɣef tuyat-is, Aṭlas yugi. Yenna-yas Hiṛakles : « Ax ihi, ṭṭef ddunit-agi ciṭuḥ kan, azal s ara geɣ asummet i tuyat-iw, ssyen sakkin ad iyi-tt-id-terreḍ. » - Akken ters ddunit ɣef tuyat n Waṭlas, dɣa Hiṛakles yerfed tiḍufa-nni, dɣa yeṭṭef abrid-is.\nIssefk-as i Hiṛakles ad iṣubb ɣer tgelda n Hades akken ad d-yawi yid-s Kiṛbiṛus : aqjun bu 3 iqurray, winna yettqaraɛen ɣef tebburt n Ṭarṭarus. Hiṛakles iṣubb ɣer Ṭarṭarus, isuter di Hades, adiyus n Tmes, akken ad s-d-yefk Kiṛbiṛus. Yenna-yas Hades : « Atan ɣur-k awwi-t, maca ad iyi-t-d-terreḍ akken tewwiḍ. » - Hiṛakles yebra-yas-d i weqjun-nni n Hades, yessul-it ɣer nnig tmurt, yewwi-yas-t akken d amuddir i Iristiyus, agellid n Waṛgus. Iristiyus akken kan i yewalla aqjun-nni, ijelleb γer daxel n tcballit, iffer dinna.\nTaggara n Hiṛakles\nAsmi yekfa ikuṛfiyen-is Hiṛakles, surfen-as Idiyusen, yekker ad ibeddel axxam, yuɣ yiwet n tmeṭṭut i wumi qarren Dyanyira.\nYiwen wass Hiṛakles d Dyanyira kkren ad zegren asif, dɣa Dyanyira, tugad ad yames ddil-is, tugi. Cwiṭ akka, ata iɛedda-d Niṣus, - Niṣus-agi, deg wamas d asawen d amdan ; deg wammas d akessar, d agmer – Yerf-ed Dyanyira, izegr-itt i wasif. Imi tt-yezger, Hiṛakles yerfa, ifaq-as i Niṣus d akken ira ad s-yaker tameṭṭut-is. Dɣa yeddem-d anecab, isseg-it deg idammen n Hidṛa, dɣa iwwet yes-s Niṣus. Maca Niṣus zwar ad yemmet, yekkes-d talaba deg uglim-is, winna akken yeččuṛen d mseblu n Hidṛa, yefka-yas-tt i Dyanayira, yenna-yas : « Ma ibeddel-ikem yiwwas, selsa-s talaba-yagi. » - Dɣa yemmut.\nHiṛakles d Dyanyira kemmlen abrid-nnsen. Ttidiren akken. Almi d asmi yekker Hiṛakles d yaɣ yiwet n tmeṭṭut i wumi qarren Iyu. Tga akka Dyanyra, tewwi-yas d tarzeft i Hiṛakles talaba-nni s-d-yefka Niṣus. Akken kan tt-yelsa, deg wakken i t-ičča mseblu-nni, iḍegger iman-is γer tmes.\nImi yemmut, yekker baba-s Dzus, irfed tafekka n mmi-s Hiṛakles, yewwi-tt s igenni, anda i tt-yerra d itri.


url: =Amek ara nesεu tamεict ara iεeǧben i Ṛebbi w’a nili d iḥbiben-is? | Acu yesselmad Wedlis Iqedsen?\nIXEF WIS TNAC\nAmek ara nesεu tamεict ara iεeǧben i Ṛebbi?\nAmek i tzemreḍ aţ-ţuɣaleḍ d aḥbib n Ṛebbi?\nCciṭan yerra di ccekk lḥeqq i gesεa Ṛebbi ad iḥkem. Deg wacu i k-yeεna waya?\nAnta tikli ur neεǧib ara i Yahwa?\nAmek i tzemreḍ aţ-ţesεuḍ tamεict ara iεeǧben i Ṛebbi?\n1, 2. Bder-ed imdanen i geḥseb Yahwa d iḥbiben-is.\nANWA i tebɣiḍ ad yili d aḥbib-ik? Bla ccekk, d albeεḍ i geţxemmimen am kečč, i gḥemmlen ayen i tḥemmleḍ yerna i geţţaken lqima i wayen iwumi teţţakeḍ lqima. Aţ-ţebɣuḍ ahat aţ-ţesεuḍ d aḥbib win ikesben ṣṣifat n lεali; di lemtel, albeεḍ i geṣfan yerna yelhan.\n2 Seg wasmi i d-tebda ddunit, Ṛebbi yeţţextiṛi imdanen i geţţuɣalen d iḥbiben-is. Di lemtel, Abṛaham yeţţusemma aḥbib n Ṛebbi. (Γer-ed Icεaya 41:8; Yeεqub 2:23.) Yahwa yenna-d belli Dawed ‘d argaz i gebɣa wul-is’, axaṭer yella d win i gesεan ṣṣifat i gḥemmel. (Lecɣal 13:22) Yahwa yeḥseb daɣen Danyil d win ‘εzizen’ fell-as.—Danyil 9:23.\n3. Amek i gebɣa Yahwa ad ilin lεibad ara yextiṛ d iḥbiben-is?\n3 Acimi i geḥseb Yahwa Abṛaham d Dawed akk-d Danyil d iḥbiben-is? Yenna-yas i Abṛaham: “Tuɣeḍ-iyi awal.” (Laṣel n ddunit 22:18) Yahwa iţqerrib ihi ɣer wid i gxeddmen s wannuz ayen i sen-d-iṭṭalab. Yenna-yasen i wat Isṛayil: “Ţţaɣet-iyi awal, a wen-iliɣ d Illu-nwen, kwenwi a yi-tilim d agdud-iw.” (Irmiya 7:23) Ma yella teţţaɣeḍ awal i Yahwa, tzemreḍ aţ-ţuɣaleḍ ula d kečč d aḥbib-is.\nYAHWA YEŢŢAK-ED LǦEHD I LEḤBAB-IS\n4, 5. Amek i gesseǧhad Yahwa iqeddacen-is?\n4 Xemmem ɣer lmeεna i sεan imeslayen-agi: “aḥbib n Ṛebbi.” Adlis Iqedsen yeqqar-ed belli Yahwa yeţnadi tiswiεin ideg ara “isseǧhed at wulawen ikemlen.” (2 Amezruy 16:9) Amek ara k-isseǧhed? Deg Uhellil 32:8, yura wayagi: “[Nekk, Yahwa] a k-sfehmeɣ, a k-mleɣ abrid ara t-tebεeḍ; a k-weṣṣiɣ, ad serseɣ tamuɣli-w fell-ak.”\n5 Ay εzizit imeslayen-agi i d-isbegginen acḥal i geţḥebbiṛ Yahwa fell-ak! A k-d-yefk lewṣayat ara k-iṣelḥen yerna ad iḥareb fell-ak ma tessexdameḍ-tent di tudert-ik. Yahwa yebɣa a k-iεiwen aţ-ţqableḍ ajeṛṛeb. (Γer-ed Ahellil 55:23.) Ihi, ma yella tqeddceḍ fell-as s wul ikemlen, tzemreḍ a d-tecbuḍ bab n Uhellil, i d-yennan s ţţeḥqiq: “Izga [Yahwa] zdat-i, ɣer tama-w tayeffust i geţţili, d lmuḥal ad mdeṛkaleɣ.” (Ahellil 16:8; 63:9) Ţ-ţideţ, Yahwa yezmer a k-iεiwen aţ-ţesεuḍ tamεict i s-iεeǧben. Lameεna, akken i t-teẓriḍ, yella weεdaw i gebɣan a k-iḥeṛṛem aţ-ţawḍeḍ ɣer waya.\nCCIṬAN YECQARREW ṚEBBI\n6. Acu i d-yenna Cciṭan ɣef lεibad?\n6 Akken i t-id-nwala deg yixef wis 11, εlaḥsab n Cciṭan Iblis, Ṛebbi ur yesεi ara lḥeqq ad yeḥkem. Yerra Yahwa d akeddab yerna d amesbaṭli imi ur yeǧǧi ara Adam d Ḥewwa ad ḍebbren s yiman-nsen d acu yelhan d acu i diri. Adam d Ḥewwa denben. Lqaεa tebda teţţeεmaṛ s warraw-nsen. Dɣa, Cciṭan yerra di ccekk ayen yellan deg wulawen n lεibad meṛṛa. Am wakken yenna-d: ‘Lεibad ur ţţeεbaden ara Ṛebbi s leḥmala. Lukan a yi-d-teţţunefk tegniţ, ad xedmeɣ ayen i glaqen iwakken mkul yiwen seg-sen, akken yebɣu yili, ad ixaṣem Ṛebbi.’ D ayen i genwa Cciṭan yezmer a t-yexdem i yiwen wergaz yeţţusemman Yub. Anwa i d Yub, yerna amek armi d-yufa iman-is di temsalt-agi i d-yexleq Cciṭan?\n7, 8. a) Deg wacu i gxulef Yub lεibad n zzman-ines? b) Acu i d-yenna Cciṭan ɣef wayen i gdemmren Yub ad yeqdec ɣef Ṛebbi?\n7 Azal n 3 600 iseggasen aya i gεeddan segmi i gεac Yub. Yella d argaz n lεali; daymi i d-yenna fell-as Yahwa: “Ulac argaz am neţţa di ddunit; iṣfa yerna d uwqim, iţţagwad Illu yerna yexḍa i cceṛ.” (Yub 1:8) Yub iεǧeb i Ṛebbi.\n8 Cciṭan Iblis yerra di ccekk ayen i gdemmren Yub ad iqdec ɣef Ṛebbi. Yenna i Yahwa: “Eεni mačči d kečč i gḥurben fell-as [ɣef Yub], ɣef wexxam-is, ɣef wayen meṛṛa yesεa, si mkul tama? Tburkeḍ ayen akw ixeddem ufus-is, yerna tiqeḍεiyin-is uɣent-ed tamurt meṛṛa. Lameεna ẓẓel afus-ik fell-as, nnal ayen akw yesεa, a k-inεel qbala.”—Yub 1:10, 11.\n9. Acu yexdem Yahwa di temsalt i d-yexleq Cciṭan, yerna ayɣer?\n9 S wannect-a, Cciṭan yebɣa a d-yini belli Yub iţţeεbad Ṛebbi i nnfeε-is kan. Yenna-d daɣen belli ma yella yeţţujeṛṛeb wergaz-agi, ala axaṣem ara ixaṣem Ṛebbi. Acu yexdem Yahwa di temsalt-agi ideg i t-icqarrew Cciṭan? Imi tamsalt-a teεna ayen yellan deg wul n Yub, Yahwa yeǧǧa Cciṭan a t-ijeṛṛeb. Akka, a d-iban εinani ma yella Yub iḥemmel Ṛebbi neɣ ala.\n10. Amek i geţţujeṛṛeb Yub, yerna acu yexdem?\n10 Cciṭan yesεedda-d bihfih Yub si mkul d ṣṣenf n ujeṛṛeb. Kra si lmal-is yeţwaker-as, wayeḍ yeţwanɣa. Amur ameqran seg iqeddacen-is mmuten. Yufa-d iman-is yefles. Mbeεd, teɣli-d fell-as twaɣit: arraw-is di εecṛa yid-sen mmuten deg yiwet n tbuciḍant. Γas akken ḍrant-as-d twaɣiyin-agi meṛṛa, “Yub ur idnib ara; ur ilumm ara Illu.”—Yub 1:22.\n11. a) Anta lḥaǧa tis snat i d-iger Cciṭan ɣef Yub, yerna d acu yexdem Yahwa? b) Acu i d-yenna Yub mi d-yeɣli fell-as lehlak-nni qerriḥen?\n11 Mačči d aya kan i s-yexdem Cciṭan i Yub. Ahat yenna deg yiman-is belli ɣas akken Yub yeṣber mi s-iṛuḥ lmal-is, iqeddacen-is akk-d warraw-is, bla ccekk ad ixaṣem Ṛebbi ma yeɣli-d fell-as lehlak. Yahwa yeǧǧa-t ad iwet Yub s yiwen n lehlak d ameεfun yerna qerriḥ. Γas akken, Yub ur s-iṛuḥ ara liman-ines. Yenna-d seg wul-is imeslayen-agi: “Alamma d asm’ara mmteɣ, ur nekkṛeɣ ara belli ṣfiɣ.”—Yub 27:5, Ṭrejma n ddunit tajdiṭ (s tṛumit).\nYub iţţubarek imi yeqqim d unṣiḥ.\n12. Amek i d-ifḍeḥ Yub lekdeb i d-iger Cciṭan?\n12 Yub ur yeẓri ara d Cciṭan i d ssebba n lehmum-is. Imi ur yeεlim ara belli Cciṭan yerra di ccekk lḥeqq i gesεa Ṛebbi ad yeḥkem; iɣil (yenwa) sɣur Ṛebbi i d-kkant cceddat i d-yeɣlin fell-as. (Yub 6:4; 16:11-14) Acu kan, yeqqim d unṣiḥ zdat n Ṛebbi. Nnṣaḥa-ines tbeggen-ed belli Cciṭan yeɣleḍ mi d-yenna belli Yub iqeddec ɣef Ṛebbi i nnfeε-is kan.\n13. Acu n tegniţ i tefka nnṣaḥa n Yub i Ṛebbi?\n13 Nnṣaḥa n Yub tefka tagniţ i Yahwa akken ad iǧaweb i Cciṭan. Yub yella s ṣṣeḥ d aḥbib n Ṛebbi; Ṛebbi iburek-it.—Yub 42:12-17.\n14, 15. Iwacu i nezmer a d-nini belli lekdeb i d-iger Cciṭan ɣef Yub yeεna lεibad meṛṛa?\n14 Mačči d nnṣaḥa n Yub kan i gerra Cciṭan di ccekk. Ula d kečč teεna-k temsalt. D ayen i d-iţbanen εinani di Lemtul 27:11, ideg i d-yenna Wawal n Yahwa: “Ili-k d ukyis, a mmi, ssefṛeḥ ul-iw! Ad izmireɣ ad rreɣ i win i y-ireggmen.” Imeslayen-agi, yeţwaketben kra n leqrun mbeεd lmut n Yub, ţwerrin-d belli Cciṭan mazal-it ireggem Ṛebbi, yeεni yeţţaweḍ-it, yerna yeţcetkay ɣef iqeddacen-is. Ma yella nesεa tikli i gεeǧben i Yahwa, a d-nesbeggen belli ayen i d-yenna Cciṭan d lekdeb, yerna a nessefṛeḥ ul n Ṛebbi. Acu i tenniḍ? Ur tennecṛaḥeḍ ara imi tzemreḍ a d-tbeggneḍ belli d lekdeb wayen i d-yenna Iblis, ɣas ma ilaq aţ-ţbeddleḍ kra n leḥwayeǧ di tudert-ik?\n15 Err lbal-ik ɣer wayen akka i d-yenna Cciṭan: “Ayen akw yesεa wemdan iţţak-it ɣef teṛwiḥt-is.” (Yub 2:4) Mi d-yenna ‘amdan’, ur d-yeqsid ara kan Yub, lameεna lεibad meṛṛa. Ayagi yesεa lmeεna tameqrant. Cciṭan yerra di ccekk nnṣaḥa-inek zdat Ṛebbi. Lukan ad yaf, ur teţţaɣeḍ ara awal i Ṛebbi yerna ur txeddmeḍ ara yakk ayen yellan d lewqam di teswiεin n ccedda. Amek i geţnadi a k-issiweḍ ɣer waya?\n16. a) Acu n ţţawilat i gessexdam Cciṭan akken ad issebεed imdanen ɣef Ṛebbi? b) Amek ara yessexdem ahat Iblis ţţawilat-agi deg wayen i k-yeεnan?\n16 Akken i t-id-nefhem deg yixef wis 10, Cciṭan yeţţeεraḍ ad issebεed lεibad ɣef Ṛebbi s kra n ţţawilat. Deg yiwet lǧiha, iẓeddem “am yizem iṛeεεden, iţnadi anwa ara yessebleε.” (1 Buṭrus 5:8) Lateṛ-is yeţban-ed m’ara bɣun leḥbab-ik, iεeggalen n twacult-ik neɣ lεibad nniḍen a k-ḥeṛṛmen aţ-ţeɣreḍ Adlis Iqedsen neɣ aţ-ţtebεeḍ ayen i tlemmdeḍ. * (Yuḥenna 15:19, 20) Di lǧiha nniḍen, Cciṭan “iţbeddil ṣṣifa, iţţarra iman-is d lmelk n tafat.” (2 Ikurintiyen 11:14) Yezmer ad issexdem tiḥila bac a k-ikellex yerna a k-issebεed ɣef temεict iεeǧben i Ṛebbi. Yezmer daɣen a k-issefcel. Γef lemtel, ad yeεreḍ a k-iqenneε belli ur tessawaḍeḍ ara aţ-ţεeǧbeḍ i Ṛebbi. Ama yella d ‘izem iṛeεεden’ ama yella d ‘lmelk n tafat’, Cciṭan ur ibeddel ara: mazal yeqqar-ed belli ma teţţujeṛṛbeḍ aţ-ţḥebseḍ leqdic i tqeddceḍ ɣef Ṛebbi. Amek ara tqableḍ acqirrew-agi w’a d-tessekneḍ nnṣaḥa-inek zdat n Ṛebbi, am wakken yexdem Yub?\nTIΓIN N WAWAL I LEWṢAYAT N YAHWA\n17. Anta i d ssebba yakk tameqrant ara k-idemmren aţ-ţaɣeḍ awal i lumuṛ n Yahwa?\n17 Tzemreḍ aţ-ţqableḍ acqirrew n Cciṭan ma yella tesεiḍ tamεict iεeǧben i Ṛebbi. Amek yeεni? Adlis Iqedsen yefka-d leǧwab: “Aţ-ţḥemmleḍ [Yahwa], Illu-yik, s wul-ik meṛṛa, s teṛwiḥt-ik meṛṛa, s tezmert-ik meṛṛa.” (Asmekti 6:5) Simmal teţţimɣur leḥmala-inek i Ṛebbi, simmal tbeqquḍ aţ-ţxedmeḍ ayen i k-d-yeṭṭalab. Atan wayen yekteb wemceggeε Yuḥenna: “Leḥmala n Yillu, d aḥraz n lumuṛ-is.” Ma yella tḥemmleḍ Yahwa seg wul-ik meṛṛa, aţ-ţafeḍ belli “lumuṛ-is ur ẓẓayit ara.”—1 Yuḥenna 5:3.\n18, 19. a) Bder-ed kra n lumuṛ n Yahwa. (Ẓer aḥric yeţţusemman: “ Xḍu i wayen ikṛeh Yahwa.”) b) Amek i neẓra belli Yahwa ur ɣ-d-iṭṭalab ara nnig n tezmert-nneɣ?\n18 Anwi-ten lumuṛ n Yahwa? Kra εnan leḥwayeǧ ur nlaq ara a tent-nexdem. Wali aḥric yeţţusemman “ Xḍu i wayen ikṛeh Yahwa.” Aţ-ţafeḍ kra n leḥwayeǧ i gḥeṛṛem Wedlis Iqedsen. Di tazwara, ahat leḥwayeǧ-agi a k-d-banent amzun ulac fell-asent. Meεna, m’ara tmeyyzeḍ ɣef yefyar n Wedlis Iqedsen i d-iţţunefken deg-s, bla ccekk aţ-ţwaliḍ belli leqwanen n Yahwa ččuṛen d lekyasa. A k-d-iban ahat iwεeṛ nezzeh aţ-ţbeddleḍ kra n leḥwayeǧ di tikli-inek. Acu kan, ma yella nesεa tamεict i gεeǧben i Ṛebbi, nfeṛṛeḥ ayendin. (Icεaya 48:17, 18) Lfeṛḥ-agi tzemreḍ a t-tewεuḍ (t-tawḍeḍ). Amek i neεlem s waya?\n19 D lmuḥal a ɣ-d-yeḍleb Yahwa ayen yellan nnig n tezmert-nneɣ. (Γer-ed Asmekti 30:11-14.) Yeẓra xiṛ-nneɣ ayen iwumi nezmer d wayen iwumi ur nezmir ara. (Ahellil 103:14) Uyerna, yezmer a ɣ-d-yefk lǧehd akken a s-neţţaɣ awal. Amceggeε Bulus yura imeslayen-a: “Illu yellan d unṣiḥ ur iţεemmid ara aţ-ţeţwajeṛṛbem nnig n tezmert-nwen; lameεna deg ujeṛṛeb nni, a d-ifk tabburt, tazmert swayes ara tṣebrem.” (1 Ikurintiyen 10:13) Iwakken aţ-ţṣebreḍ, Yahwa yezmer a k-d-yefk ‘tazmert tameqrant.’ (2 Ikurintiyen 4:7) Atan d acu i d-yenna Bulus mbeεd mi geṣber i xilla n teswiεin n ujeṛṛeb: “Zemreɣ i kullec s win i y-isseǧhaden.”—Ifilibiyen 4:13.\nKSEB ṢṢIFAT IΣEǦBEN I ṚEBBI\n20. Anti ṣṣifat i gεeǧben i Ṛebbi i k-ilaq aţ-ţkesbeḍ, yerna ayɣer i sεant azal?\n20 Bac a neεǧeb i Yahwa, ur d-yewwi ara kan a nexḍu i wayen i gekṛeh. Ilaq daɣen a nḥemmel ayen i gḥemmel. (Iṛumaniyen 12:9) Bla ccekk, aţ-ţebɣuḍ aţ-ţqerrbeḍ ɣer walbeεḍ i geţxemmimen am kečč, i gḥemmlen ayen i tḥemmleḍ yerna i geţţaken lqima i wayen iwumi teţţakeḍ lqima, neɣ ala? Uma d Yahwa akken. Nadi ihi aţ-ţḥemmleḍ leḥwayeǧ yesεan lqima ar ɣur-es. Kra seg-sent neţţaf-itent deg Uhellil wis 15, i d-issefhamen menhu i geḥseb d iḥbiben-is. (Γer-ed Ahellil 15:1-5.) Iḥbiben n Yahwa ţbegginen-d ayen umi i gsemma Wedlis Iqedsen ‘lfakya n ṛṛuḥ.’ Lfakya-yagi, d “leḥmala, d lfeṛḥ, d lehna, d ṣṣber, d lehhu, d leḥnana, d liman, d annuz, d rrẓana.”—Igalatiyen 5:22, 23.\n21. Acu ara k-iεiwnen akken aţ-ţkesbeḍ ṣṣifat i gεeǧben i Ṛebbi?\n21 Aţ-ţkesbeḍ ṣṣifat-agi ma yella tezgiḍ teqqareḍ yerna tessenqadeḍ Adlis Iqedsen. M’ara tlemmdeḍ ayen i geţṛaǧu Ṛebbi seg-k, aţ-ţesεuḍ ixemmimen iεedlen d ixemmimen-is. (Icεaya 30:20, 21) Simmal teţḥibbiḍ Yahwa, simmal tbeqquḍ aţ-ţesεuḍ tamεict ara s-iεeǧben.\n22. Acu ara tafeḍ ma teţεiciḍ tamεict i gεeǧben i Ṛebbi?\n22 Bac aţ-ţesεuḍ tamεict i gεeǧben i Yahwa, laqen lmeǧhudat. Adlis Iqedsen imettel win ara ibeddlen tikli ɣer win ara yekksen ṭṭbiεa-s taqdimt w’ad yels ṭṭbiεa tajdiṭ. (Ikulusiyen 3:9, 10) Meεna, bab n Uhellil yenna-d ɣef lumuṛ n Yahwa: “Win i ten-iḥerzen, istenfiε aṭas seg-sen.” (Ahellil 19:12) Ula d kečč aţ-ţestenfεeḍ aṭas ma teţεiciḍ tamεict i gεeǧben i Ṛebbi. Akka, a d-tbeggneḍ belli ayen i d-yenna Cciṭan d lekdeb yerna aţ-ţessefṛḥeḍ ul n Yahwa.\nXḌU I WAYEN IKṚEH YAHWA\nTamgerṭ (timenɣiwt).—Tuffɣa 20:13; 21:22, 23.\nLεaṛ.—At Lewwi 20:10, 13, 15, 16; Iṛumaniyen 1:24, 26, 27, 32; 1 Ikurintiyen 6:9, 10.\nSsḥur.—Asmekti 18:9-13; 1 Ikurintiyen 10:21, 22; Igalatiyen 5:20, 21.\nAεbad n lmeṣnuεat.—1 Ikurintiyen 10:14.\nSsekṛan.—1 Ikurintiyen 5:11.\nTukkerḍa.—At Lewwi 5:21, 23; Ifasusiyen 4:28.\nLekdeb.—Lemtul 6:16, 19; Ikulusiyen 3:9; Aweḥḥi 22:15.\nṬṭmeε.—1 Ikurintiyen 5:11.\nLeqher.—Ahellil 11:5; Lemtul 22:24, 25; Malaxi 2:16; Igalatiyen 5:20, 21.\nLehduṛ ur nlaq ara.—At Lewwi 19:16; Ifasusiyen 5:4; Ikulusiyen 3:8.\nYir asexdem n idammen.—Laṣel n ddunit 9:4; Lecɣal 15:20, 28, 29.\nWin yugin a d-yessis lmeḥwiǧat n twacult-is.—1 Timutawus 5:8.\nAţekki di lgirrat neɣ di ccwal n tsertit n ddunit.—Icεaya 2:4; Yuḥenna 6:15; 17:16.\nDduxxan, ccemma akk-d lkif.—Marqus 15:23; 2 Ikurintiyen 7:1.\n^ § 16 Ur ilaq ara a s-nini belli wid akk ara k-ixaṣmen d Cciṭan i ten-issexdamen. Acu kan, d neţţa i d ṛebbi n ddunit-a yerna ddunit kamel tella ddaw n ufus-is. (2 Ikurintiyen 4:4; 1 Yuḥenna 5:19) Ihi, iban belli lɣaci ur beqqun ara aţ-ţesεuḍ tamεict ara iεeǧben i Ṛebbi, yerna kra seg-sen a k-ţxaṣamen.\nTzemreḍ aţ-ţeqqleḍ d aḥbib n Ṛebbi ma teţţaɣeḍ-as awal.—Yeεqub 2:23.\nCciṭan yerra di ccekk nnṣaḥa n lεibad meṛṛa.—Yub 1:8, 10, 11; 2:4; Lemtul 27:11.\nIlaq a nexḍu i wayen ur neεǧib ara i Ṛebbi.—1 Ikurintiyen 6:9, 10.\nNezmer a neεǧeb i Yahwa ma nekṛeh ayen i gekṛeh, ma nḥemmel ayen i gḥemmel.—Iṛumaniyen 12:9.


url: =Lefraḥt d tameqrant di Lḥusima awarn i wufuɣ n inekraf n lḥirak n Arif | Le RIFAIN\nLefraḥt d tameqrant di Lḥusima awarn i wufuɣ n inekraf n lḥirak n Arif\nIwḍen-dd inekraf n lḥirak i dd-yennufeslen zi lḥebs n Ṭanja iḍennaḍ ɣer tudrin-nsen d twacunin-nsen. Ufin deg uraji-nsen aṭṭas n imezdaɣ i ten yelqan s pitu n ṭṭumubinat, qbel i ma ad rsen di « Ssaḥa n Ccuhada », lexden i ɣa mdurruɛen aked imezdaɣ n Lḥusima i iferḥen s tlelli-ya, di lwesṭ n tlewliwin d cciɛarat.\nQbel i manaya, Salaḥ Lecxem di Talarwaq, yufa imezdaɣ lqan-t-idd, ferḥen s tlelli-nnes d tlelli n inekraf i kid-s dd-yeffɣen. Yuli sennej i yijjen ṭṭumubin, uca yebda yessawal aked imezdaɣ i das-dd-yennḍen, di lwesṭ n yijjen lefraḥet temɣar.\nDinni 22 n inekraf n lḥirak n Arif i dd-yennufeslen ass n larbeɛ 29 zi yulyuz 2020, d ina d ismawen-nsen:\nJamal Ulad Ɛebdennbi\nDinni tnayen n inekraf tettwakkes-asen mulṭa, nitni d:\nLɛemrani 4000 DH\nLaḥmadi 5000 DH


url: = Matthew 13 Kabyle: NT\nBible > Kabyle: NT > Matthew 13\n1Ass-nni kan, Sidna Ɛisa yeffeɣ-ed seg wexxam, iṛuḥ ad iqqim rrif n lebḥeṛ, 2d izumal n lɣaci i s-d-izzin, dɣa yuli ɣer teflukt, yeqqim. LLɣaci ibedd ɣef rrif n lebḥeṛ,\n3nețța yebda isselmad-iten s lemtul iqqaṛ-asen : Yiwen ufellaḥ yeffeɣ ad izreɛ. 4Mi gzerreɛ, ɣlin-as kra n iɛeqqayen rrif n webrid, usan-d igṭaṭ ( ifṛax igenni ) ččan-ten. 5Kra iɛeqqayen nniḍen ɣlin deg wakal yeččuṛen d izṛa, mɣin-d s lemɣawla axaṭer ulac aṭas n wakal. 6Mi gebda wezɣal, yezlef imɣan nni dɣa qquṛen, axaṭer ur sɛin ara izuṛan lqayen. 7Kra iɛeqqayen nniḍen ɣlin ger isennanen. Isennanen-nni gman dɣa ɣummen-ten. 8Meɛna kra iɛeqqayen ɣlin deg wakal yelhan : fkan-d tigedrin, ta tefka-d meyya iɛeqqayen, ta sețțin, tayeḍ tlatin. 9Win yesɛan imeẓẓuɣen isel-ed !\n10Inelmaden-is qeṛṛben ɣuṛ-es, nnan-as : Acimi i sen-theddṛeḍ s lemtul ? 11Yerra-yasen : Kunwi yețțunefk-awen-d aț țissinem lbaḍna n tgelda igenwan, ma d wiyaḍ, ur sen-d-ițțunefk ara. 12Axaṭer win yesɛan a s-d-nernu alamma yella di tawant, ma d win ur nesɛi ara, a s-nekkes ula d ayen yesɛa. 13Daymi i sen-țmeslayeɣ s lemtul, axaṭer țmuqulen ur țwalin, țḥessisen ur sellen, ur fehhmen.\n14S wakka, yedṛa-d yid-sen wayen i d-ixebbeṛ fell-asen nnbi Iceɛya : Aț-țsellem s imeẓẓuɣen-nwen, ur tfehhmem ara, aț-țmuqulem s wallen-nwen, ur tețwalim ara,\n15Imi agdud-agi qquṛen wulawen-nsen, qeflen imeẓẓuɣen- sen, qqnen allen-nsen, iwakken ur țwalin, ur sellen ; sseɣṛen ulawen nsen, ugin ad fehmen, axaṭer lemmer tuben, uɣalen-d ɣer webrid, tili sseḥlaɣ ten.\n16Ma d kunwi amarezg-nwen ! Axaṭer allen-nwen țwalint, imeẓẓuɣen nwen sellen. 17Aql-i nniɣ-awen tideț, aṭas si lenbiya akk-d imdanen iḥeqqiyen i gebɣan ad walin ayen tețwalim, ur t-walan, ad slen ayen tsellem, ur t-slin.\n18A wen-d-iniɣ lmeɛna n lemtel n win izerrɛen : 19m'ara isel wemdan i wawal yeɛnan tageldit n igenwan, ur t-yefhim ara, ițemcabi ɣer yiri n webrid i ɣer tɣelli zzerriɛa ; d Cciṭan i d-ițasen ad iqleɛ ayen izerɛen deg ul-is. 20Wayeḍ ițemcabi ɣer wakal-nni yeččuṛen d izṛa anda teɣli zzerriɛa. M'ara isel i wawal n Ṛebbi, iqebbel-it s lfeṛḥ, 21meɛna ur t-yețțaǧǧa ara ad iger izuṛan deg-s, ur yețțaṭṭaf ara. MM'ara d-tass lmeḥna neɣ aqehheṛ ɣef ddemma n wawal n Ṛebbi, ad yeǧǧ imiren kan liman-is. 22Wayeḍ daɣen ițemcabi ɣer zzerriɛa yeɣlin ger isennanen. M'ara isel i wawal n Ṛebbi, iɣeblan n ddunit d ṭṭmeɛ n rrbeḥ țɣummun awal-nni, dɣa ur d-ițțak ara lfakya. 23Wayeḍ icuba daɣen ɣer zzerriɛa yeɣlin deg wakal yelhan, m'ara isel i wawal n Ṛebbi, ifehhem-it, daymi i d-ițțak lfakya ! YYal aɛeqqa ițțak-ed : wa tlatin, wa sețțin, wa meyya n tɛeqqayin.\n24Sidna Ɛisa yefka-yasen-d lemtel nniḍen : Tagelda n igenwan tcuba ɣer yiwen wergaz i gzerɛen irden deg iger-is. 25Yiwen yiḍ mi ṭṭsen akk medden, yusa-d weɛdaw-is izreɛ aẓekkun ger yirden, imiren iṛuḥ. 26Mi d-gman yirden-nni fkan-d tigedrin, aẓekkun-nni ula d nețța igma-d. 27Iqeddacen n bab n iger-nni, usan-d ɣuṛ-es nnan-as : A Sidi, eɛni mačči d irden i tzerɛeḍ deg iger-ik ? Ansi i d-ikka ihi uẓekkun-agi ? 28Yerra-yasen : D yiwen weɛdaw i gxedmen akka ! IIqeddacen-nni nnan-as : Ihi tebɣiḍ a nṛuḥ a neqleɛ aẓekkun-agi ? 29Yerra-yasen : Xaṭi ! Axaṭer m'ara tekksem aẓekkun, tzemrem a d-teglum s yirden. 30Anfet-asen ad gmun di sin alamma ț-țamegra. Ass-nni, a sen iniɣ i wid imeggren : qelɛet-ed uqbel aẓekkun, cuddet-eț ț-țadliwin iwakken a tent-nesseṛɣ ma d irden jemɛet țen-id ɣer ikuffan-iw.\n31Sidna Ɛisa yefka-yasen-d lemtel nniḍen : Tagelda n igenwan tcuba ɣer yiwen uɛeqqa n uxerḍel i d-iddem yiwen wergaz iwakken a t-izreɛ deg iger-is. 32Aɛeqqa-yagi d nețța i d amecṭuḥ meṛṛa ger zzerriɛat yellan, lameɛna mi gețwazreɛ, igemmu yețțali alamma yekka-d sennig akk yemɣan n tebḥirt, yeggar-ed ifurkawen d imeqqranen, ula d ifṛax n igenni , bennun leɛcuc-nsen s ufella-s.\n33Sidna Ɛisa yenna-yasen-d lemtel nniḍen : Tagelda n igenwan tețțemcabi ɣer temtunt ( yiɣes n temtunt ) ara d-teddem tmeṭṭut a t-tsexleḍ i tlata lkilat n uwren, s wakka arukti-nni meṛṛa ad yali.\n34Sidna Ɛisa ițmeslay-ed i lɣaci anagar s lemtul.\n35Ițmeslay-asen-d akka iwakken ad yedṛu wayen i d-nnan lenbiya : A sen-mmeslayeɣ s lemtul, a sen-beccṛeɣ tiɣawsiwin yeffren seg wasmi i d-texleq ddunit. cc\n36Mi gekfa Sidna Ɛisa ameslay, lɣaci ṛuḥen, nețța ikcem ɣer wexxam. Inelmaden-is qeṛṛben ɣuṛ-es nnan-as : Ssefru-yaɣ-d lemtel n uẓekkun deg iger. 37Yerra-yasen-d : Win izerrɛen irden d Mmi-s n bunadem ; 38iger, d ddunit ; irden, d wid ițekkan di tgelda n igenwan ; ma d aẓekkun, d widak ițekkan d Cciṭan ; 39aɛdaw i gzerrɛen aẓekkun, d Cciṭan ; tamegra , ț-țaggara nddunit ; ma d wid imeggren, d lmalayekkat. 40Akken ara qellɛen aẓekkun ṭeggiṛen-t ɣer tmes, ara tedṛu di taggara n ddunit. 41Mmi-s n bunadem a d-iceggeɛ lmalayekkat-is, ad ssufɣen si tgelda-s wid akk yesseɣlayen wiyaḍ di ddnub akk-d wid ixeddmen cceṛ, 42dɣa a ten-ḍeggṛen ɣer tmes anda ara yilin imeṭṭawen d nndama tameqqrant ; 43ma d wid iḍuɛen Ṛebbi ad feǧǧeǧen am yiṭij di tgelda n Baba Ṛebbi. Win yesɛan imeẓẓuɣen isel-ed !\n44Tagelda n igenwan tețțemcabi ɣer ugerruj yeffren deg yiwen n yiger. Yiwen wergaz yufa-t, yuɣal iffer-it. Si lfeṛḥ-nni i gefṛeḥ, iṛuḥ izzenz ayen akk yesɛa iwakken ad yaɣ iger-nni.\n45Tagelda n igenwan tețțemcabi daɣen ɣer yiwen umetjaṛ ițqelliben tiɛeqcin ifazen. 46Mi gufa yiwet ifazen ɣef tiyaḍ, iṛuḥ izzenz ayen akk yesɛa, yuɣal-ed yuɣ-iț.\n47Tagelda n igenwan tețțemcabi daɣen ɣer ucebbak ițwadeggṛen ɣer lebḥeṛ, iwakken a d-iṭṭef iselman ( lḥut ) n mkul ṣṣenf. 48M'ara yeččaṛ, iḥewwaten a t-id-jebden ɣer rrif n lebḥeṛ, dɣa ad qqimen iwakken ad fernen iselman, ad jemɛen wid yelhan, ad ḍeggṛen wid n diri. 49Akka ara tedṛu di taggara n ddunit : lmalayekkat a d-asent a d ddment imcumen si ger iḥeqqiyen, 50iwakken a ten-ḍeggṛent ɣer tmes anda llan imeṭṭawen d nndama tameqqrant.\n51Dɣa Sidna Ɛisa yenna-yasen : Tfehmem ayagi meṛṛa ? RRran-as : Anɛam a Sidi, nefhem ! 52Yerna-yasen : Ihi, yal amusnaw n ccariɛa ara ifehmen tagelda n igenwan, icuba ɣer bab n wexxam i d-ițekksen seg ugerruj-is tiɣawsiwin tijdidin, akk-d ț-țɣawsiwin tiqdimin.\n53Mi d-yenna lemtul-agi, Sidna Ɛisa iṛuḥ syenna. 54Yerra ɣer taddart i deg ițțuṛebba. Isselmad di lǧameɛ nsen, lɣaci akk iḥedṛen wehmen, qqaṛen : Ansi i s-d-tekka tmusni-yagi akk d tezmert s wayes ixeddem lbeṛhanat agi ? 55Mačči d nețța i d mmi-s n win ineǧṛen ijegwa ? Eɛni yemma-s mačči ț-țin iwumi qqaṛen Meryem ? AAtmaten-is mačči d Yeɛqub, Yusef, Semɛun akk-d Yuda ? 56Yessetma-s daɣen, mačči gar aneɣ i llant ? Ansi i s-d-ikka ihi wannect-agi ? 57Ɣef wayagi akk i sen-yella d sebba n tuccḍa, ugin ad amnen yis. DDɣa Sidna Ɛisa yenna-yasen : Nnbi yețwaḥqeṛ anagar di tmurt-is akk-d wexxam-is. 58Sidna Ɛisa ur yexdim ara aṭas n lbeṛhanat dinna, axaṭer ugin ad amnen.


url: =Amek ad snulfuḍ amiḍan MDN - The MDN project | MDN\nAmek ad snulfuḍ amiḍan MDN\nIw beddel n wagbur deg MDN,yessefk-ak ad yilli umuɣ MDN.ur teḥwaǧǧeḍ ara umuɣ nniḍen. ma tebɣiḍ tira d unadi n isemliyen MDN.amnir agi ak-id yefk tallalt iw swel n umuɣ inek\nAyen ig ssefk ad sqedcaɣ tansa imayl inu MDN?\nTansa n imayl inek tettwaseqdec iw ḥeli n umiḍan inek u ahat yezmer ad yettwaseqdec sɣuṛ inebdalen MDN iw akken ak-id snermesen ɣef idra n umiḍan inek neɣ imttekkiyen inek deg wasmel.\nTzemreḍ daɣen atesqedceḍ iw miltaɣ ɣer isebtar i seg tebɣiḍ atisineḍ ibeddilen (wali amagrad agi iw ugar n ttfaṣil) neɣ iw nermes iznan nniḍen:amedya,ma jerdeḍ iman-ik ɣer lqem beta,tzemreḍ ad remseḍ iznan yaɛnan timahalin ig teddun deg senqed..\nTansa imayl inek ur tettwasken ara deg MDN u tettwaseqdec ḥaca deg lemqadṛa n tasertit nneɣ n Tabeḍnit.\nMa teqqneḍ ɣer MDN seg GitHud ad tansa norely, ur d ttaṭafeḍ ula d yiwen izen seg MDN (xas ma telliḍ d amiltaɣ ɣer ibeddilen n usebtar).\nAssawen n yal asebtar deg MDN,attafeḍ taqeffalt isem-is Tuqqna.Sweṛ amumed inek fell-as (neɣ ssit fell-as,ma ad ibenk aziraz i teseqdaceḍ) iw sken n tabdart n tinfawin usesteb iw umi nezmer s wazmul deg MDN.\nFren tanfa i tuqqna s.Akka tura,ḥaca GitHub ig llan.cfu ma yella ad GitHub i tferneḍ,ad yilli useɣwwen s umuɣ inek deg sebtar n umuɣ inek n MDN azayez.\nḌfeṛ tinaḍin n GitHub i tuqqna umiḍan inek ɣer MDN .\nMara yefak umecwaṛ usesteb,ad uɣaleḍ ɣer MDN neɣ a k-id nesuter isem uqeddac d tansa n imayl.Isem inek uqeddac ad yilli ad azayez u ad yettwaseqdec akken ak-id yefk iy ittekkiyen.Ur seqdac ara tansa inek n imayl am isem uqeddac.\nSit ɣef ad Snulfuɣ amaɣnu inu MDN.\nMa yella tansa imayl yettwasqedcen deg mecwaṛ wis 4 ur telli am tin yettwasqedcen s tanfa n usesteb,ttxilek sefqed tansa imayl inek u sit ɣef useɣwen n usentem i k-id nuzen.\nAtan ihi! Γuṛek tura amiḍan MDN u tzemreḍ ad ziẓreg-ḍ imagraden!\nTzemreḍ attsiteḍ ɣef isem inek iwsawen deg yal asebtar MDN iw akken attwaliḍ amaɣnu inek azayez.Seg sebtar agi n umaɣnu,tzemreḍ attsiteḍ ɣef Abeddel iw ziẓreg n tilɣa n umaɣnu inek.\nTazmilt: Ismawen iqeddacen ur yessefk ara ad illin degsen ilmawen neɣ asekkil @.Anabri,isem inek uqeddac ad yettwaseqdec deg azayez iw akken ad yekez ittekkiyen inek .


url: =At laxert (I) - Tamurt | Isallen n tmurt\nHome Taɣamsa At laxert (I)\n26 Ibrir 2019\nTAMURT – Urgaɣ iḍ yezrin yiwet n targit ur nesɛi lmaɛna, ad zmumgen wid yerwan laɛqel, u ad xelɛen* wid i wumi yeffeɣ.\nUrgaɣ kkren-d kra seg wid yemmuten. Ffɣen-d seg iẓekwan-nsen. Yiwet n llebsa akk i d-lsan. D acebḥan amzun d aweffa* n lwemwaji n yillel*. udmawen-nsen, nɛud* d yiwen imi ɣzan am tregwan cerwen waman ugeffur ; am akken mazal laɛtab d laẓ yeqqaz deg-sen.\nAnexzur*-nsen yerwi am win yeṭṭsen d iseggasen ur d-yuki neɣ am win yerwan imeṭṭawen. Yeqqim-d akka lateṛ seg wazzug n wallen. Wa deffir wa, ttalin-d s ddaw n tmurt, ttḍeggiren-d timedlin* iẓekwan-nsen. Wehhan akk ar yiwen n usalu, ad tiniḍ iwehha-asen-d Yillu amkan ɣer teddun. Yal udem id-yettaẓen iḥekku-d tadyant-is ; Yal yiwen iḥekku-d amek i t-teddem tberkant* nni.\nWa yemmut ɣef tmurt-is di ṭṭrad nni ger izayriyen d urumi, yerna yehwa-ak bdu-tt-id seg urumi n Roma alarmi d arumi n Fransa. Wayeḍ ula d netta ɣef tmurt-is i yɛedda lqecc-is (01), d gma-s it-yenɣan. Tihin yenɣa-tt wurrif* tezzer deg temda n ifeqqiɛen*. Wihin inɣa iman-is, d ul-is i yḍebberen fell-as. Tihin d aṭṭan i tt-yenɣan, d aksum-is i tt-yugin, aneggaru, yeqqen allen-is iruḥ…kan akka s lmut n Yillu. Lḥasun, kul wa d tamahutt-is\nTargit-iw, tuɣal d tikli-nsen, tuɣal-asen d amezgun* ara ɣ-d-yawin yiwet n tceqquft*. Vdan a sidi wigi akka, i wrumi ,amzun isaɛlaq* i teddun iteddun s axxam n Yillu. Seg wakal ɣer wayeḍ, tamurt tettak-iten i tayeḍ, taddart i weltma-s, akken kan.\nNutni tura d imceyɛen s ɣur tejmaɛt n at laxert, wwin-d yid-sen ṛṛabul* i lmend n imudduren ara yemmten yiwen wass.\nYeffeɣ wawal, inuda-d akk tamurt. Lecyax n tuddar, d imḍbbeṛen n temdinin, heggan-d iman-nsen ad mmagren iruḥaniyen*s leḥruz ak d lebxuṛ, s leqder ilaqen i teswiɛt yecban tagi. Leḥqen-d ar yiwen wennar, msalamen, nutni d imudduren s lekni uqeṛṛu ak d tuyat, acu akken i t-ḍeṛṛu deg wexxam n Ugellid. Teɣli-d tsusemi d rrehba amzun d tamḍelt. Ttrajun d acu ara d-yeffɣen seg imawen n at laxert.\nUr uḥtamen* ara, dɣa d ayen yellan, ulamek terǧiḍ win yemmuten. Annect-a d amaynut. Lɣaci i d-iruḥen tewwet-iten lbaɣa*. Tamuɣli-nsen teckenṭeḍ deg icenfiren n at laxert*, ttrajun awalen ara d-yeffɣen. Yuẓa-d yiwen seg-sen yeqder* d ameqqran-nsen, yenṭeq :\n« Sslam n at laxert fell-awen ».\nYerra-as ṣṣef nni amezwaru deg imudduren :\n« Laslama-nwen u mreḥba yis-wen, tudert i widak iken iwalan ». Amzun mara twaliḍ ulaxert ad tenwuḍ di tudert. Yuɣal-d uṛuḥani ɣer wawal :\n« Neẓra annect-a iɛedda i tmusni-nwen, d acu ɣas nɣab, aṭṭas n lumur* i ɣ-cerken nekni yid-wen.\nillel : mer, océan\nxelɛen : angoissés, troublés, perturbés, terrorisés. (Isexleɛ-iyi wefrux deg umadaɣ).\nnɛud : (aɛuddu) croire, supposer. Amedya : « Mačči akka i ɛuddeɣ ad teḍru taluft ».\nAnexzur : tamuɣli, tawalit. Regard, observation.\naweffa : akkuftan. Mousse des vagues de mer\ntimedlin : pierres tombales. Erran-as timedlin d wakal.\nisaɛlaq : iɛleq am usaɛlaq n tezwal. Qq qui est suspendu, pendante, etc…\nwurrif : colère,\nifeqqiɛen : contrariétés\namezgun : obstacle\ntaceqquft : pièce de théâtre. (aceqquf n ufexxar mara yerreẓ).\n* Expression. : (01) Yɛedda lqecc-is : disparaitre. Partir rapidement.\n* D wagi i d amur amenzu n Tullis n Mas Tariq Yacin.\nPrevious articleTabrat ireẓmen n ilemẓi Azzayri i Gaïd Salaḥ\nNext articleAt laxert (II)


url: =Évangile selon l'apôtre Matthieu en kabyle - Chapitre 6 - Chretiens kabyles\n1 Ayen txeddmem i Sidi Ṛebbi, ur t-id-sbegginet ara iwakken a kkun-walin medden, m’ulac ur tseɛɛum ara lfayda ɣer Baba-twen yellan deg igenwan.\n2 M’ara tseddqeḍ, ur țberriḥ ara am akken xeddmen at sin wudmawen di leǧwameɛ neɣ deg iberdan, iwakken ad sɛun ccan ɣer yemdanen. A wen iniɣ tideț : d ayagi kan i d lfayda-nsen.\n3 Ma d kečč m’ara tseddqeḍ, ilaq afus-ik ayeffus ur ițwali ara wayen ixeddem ufus-ik azelmaḍ ;\nAselmed ɣef tẓallit\n( Lq 11. 2-4 )\n5 M’ara tețẓallam, ur xeddmet ara am at sin wudmawen iḥemmlen ad ẓallen s ibeddi di leǧwameɛ neɣ deg iberdan iwakken a ten-walin medden. AA wen-iniɣ tideț : d ayagi kan i d lfayda-nsen.\n6 Ma d kečč m’ara tebɣuḍ aț-țẓalleḍ, ṛuḥ ekcem ɣer texxamt-ik, sekkeṛ tawwurt, tedɛuḍ di sser ɣer Baba Ṛebbi, nețța yețwalin ayen yellan di sser, a k-id-iqbel.\n7 M’ara tețẓallam, ur sṭuqqutet ara lehduṛ am akken xeddmen at ddunit, ɣilen s lketṛa n imeslayen ara d țwaqeblen.\n14 Ma yella tețsamaḥem i yemdanen ii wen-ixeddmen cceṛ, Baba Ṛebbi yyellan deg igenwan a wen-isameḥ uula i kunwi. 15 Lameɛna ma yella kkunwi ur tețsamaḥem ara i wiyaḍ, aatan Baba Ṛebbi ur a wen-ițsamaḥ aara ula i kunwi ddnubat-nwen.\nAselmed ɣef wuẓummu\n17 Ma d kečč, m’ara tuẓumeḍ, ssired udem-ik, tdehneḍ aqeṛṛuy-ik s rriḥa,\nAgerruj n ṣṣeḥ\n( Lq 12. 33-34 )\n( Lq 12. 22- 31 )\n( Lq 6. 37-38, 41-42 )\nContinue: Chapitre 7