url: =AZELLUM N WEMYAG, TALƔA ASWAƔ NEƔ ASSWAƔ* . > Imyura > Timsirin n Taglal\nƔas ṭṭuqten wid d-yemmeslayen ɣef waya, ɣas llant ass-a tjerrumin d iwfusen (manuels) n tmaziɣt i ɣ-d-yemmalen amek ara naru… Maca, uqan (ur ṭṭuqten) wid d-yessegzayen s talqayt, u s talɣa fessusen timsal-a. Ladɣa di temsalt-a uzellum n wemyag, s talɣa aswaɣ”; anagar kan Ḥamid Ḥamuma i ɣ-d-yemlan kra seg-s, deg “Awfus”-ines d-yessufeɣ di 1987 ( s tefransist). Awfus-a ur yelli d win yellan ɣef wudem ufus n yakk medden!\nAwer nili d ssebba di tuccḍa n yemdanen!\n*Akk imyagen ibeddun s snat tergalin zdat teɣri ("di talγa tamenzut n wemyag"*) , ad nettaru aswaɣ-nsen s snat « ss » :\nXdem> ssexdem.Kcem>ssekcem. Rwel>sserwel.ɣli>sseɣli, ndem>ssendem….\nAmedya n wemyag „qdec“:\n--Anaḍ (aḥerfi ilaw): qdec>sseqdec, qedcet>ssqedcet,qedcemt>ssqedcemt.\n-- Anaḍ (ussid ilaw): qeddec>sseqdac,qeddcet>sseqdacet, qeddcemt>sseqdacemt.\n-- Anaḍ (ussid ibaw): ur qeddec>ur sseqdac, ur qeddcet>ur sseqdacet, ur qeddcemt>ur sseqdacemt.\nqedceɣ>ssqedceɣ, tqedceḍ>tessqedceḍ, yeqdec>yesseqdec, teqdec>tesseqdec, neqdec>nesseqdec,tqedcem>tessqedcem, tqedcemt>tessqedcemt, qedcen>ssqedcen, qedcent>ssqedcent.\nur qdiceɣ>ur ssqedceɣ, ur teqdiceḍ>ur tessqedceḍ, yeqdec>ur yesseqdec, ur neqdic>ur nesseqdec, ur teqdicem>ur tessqedcem, ur teqdicemt>ur tessqedcemt, ur qdicen>ur ssqedcen, ur qdicent>ur ssqedcent.\n--Urmir aḥerfi+ad n yimal neɣ yimmal1:\nAd qedceɣ>ad ssqedceɣ, ad tessqedceḍ, ad yesseqdec, ad tesseqdec, ad nesseqdec, ad tessqedcem, ad tessqedcemt, ad ssqedcen, ad ssqedcent.\n--Urmir ussid ilaw:\nSseqdaceɣ, tesseqdaceḍ, yesseqdac, nesseqdac, tesseqdacem, tesseqdacemt, sseqdacen, sseqdacent\n--Urmirt ussid ibaw 2:\nA s-nezwir kan “ur” i yal udem n tseftit akken yella deg yilaw: ur sseqdaceɣ…\n**Akk imyagen ibeddun s yiwet tergalt zdat teɣri, ad nettaru aswaɣ-nsen s yiwet “s”:\nRuḥ>sruḥ, ḥulfu>sḥulfu, mal>smal, sew>ssew, ru>sru, ger>sger…\nAmedya n wemyag „ruḥ“:\n--Anaḍ (aḥerfi ilaw): ruḥ>sruḥ, ruḥet>sruḥet, ruḥemt>sruḥemt.\n-- Anaḍ (ussid ilaw): ttruḥu>sruḥuy, ttruḥut>sruḥuyet, ruḥemt>sruḥuyemt\n-- Anaḍ (ussid ibaw): Ur sruḥuy, ur sruḥuyet, ur sruḥuyemt.\nSruḥeɣ, tesruḥeḍ, yesruḥ, tesruḥ, nesruḥ, tesruḥem, tesruḥemt, sruḥen, sruḥent.\nA s-nezwir kan “ur” i yal udem n tseftit akken yella deg yilaw: ur sruḥeɣ…\n--Urmir aḥerfi+ad n yimal neɣ yimmal 1:\nAd sruḥeɣ, ad tesruḥeḍ, ad yesruḥ, ad tesruḥ, ad nesruḥ, ad tesruḥem, ad tesruḥemt, ad sruḥen, ad sruḥent.\nSruḥuyeɣ, tesruḥuyeḍ, yesruḥuy, tesruḥuy, nesruḥuy, tesruḥuyem, tesruḥuyemt, sruḥuyen, sruḥuyent.\n--Urmirt ussid ibaw:\nA s-nezwir kan “ur” i yal udem n tseftit akken yella deg yilaw: ur nesruḥuy…\n***Akk imyagen ibeddun s teɣri (“a”, “u”, “i”, “e”) , ad nettaru aswaɣ-nsen s snat « ss » :\n-Ali>ssali, afeg>ssifeg… urar>ssurar, urug>ssureg… ifif>ssifef, ibrik>ssibrek…ečč>ssečč, els>ssels, ekk>ssek…\n****Imyagen ibeddun s tergalt tussidt ma teḍfer-itt-id teɣri ilem “e”, ad nettaru aswaɣ-nsen s yiwet « s » :\nAd sgilleɣ, ad tesgilleḍ, ad yesgill, ad tesgill, ad nesgill, ad tesgillem, ad tesgillemt, ad sgillen, ad sgilent.\n****Imyagen ibeddun s tergalt tussidt ma teḍfer-itt-id teɣri tagejdant (“a, u, i”), ad nettaru aswaɣ-nsen s snat « ss » :\nQqel>ssuqel, ffeɣ>ssufeɣ, dder>ssider, gg(w)et>ssuget, kkes>ssukes…\nSsuqleɣ, tessuqleḍ, yessuqel, tessuqel, nessuqel, tessuqlem, tessuqlemt, ssuqlen, ssuqlent.\n1) Ma yettwakkes-d seg talɣa taḥerfit n wemyag « Mel » a t-naru s yiwen « m » : imal ; ma yettwakkes-d si talɣa tussidt n wemyag i d-nebder yakan “mmal” a t-naru s sin “mm: immal. Acku yal yiwen amek i t-yettaru tura!\n2) “Ibaw d “ur “ i tzwara n tseftit, nezmer daɣen a s-nessegri “ara”: ur yeffir, neɣ ur yeffir ara. “UR” n teqbaylit d “Ul s tumẓabt, d “u” neɣ d “ud” s tcawit. “Ara” ulac-it akk neɣ drus-it di tantaliwin-nniḍen n tmaziɣt. Yella kan di tcawit s “c” neɣ “ca”: ud ẓriɣ-c/a .\n* “Aswaɣ neɣ asswaɣ” yal yiwen amek t-yettaru, nekk ccukeɣ d “aswaɣ” imi “amyaɣ” yettwaru kan s yiwet “m”.\nTAMAWIN: Ur yessefk a s-nettbeddil talɣa i (yiwen) wemyag ilmend n wudmawen n tseftit, tikkal s yiwen “s”, tikkal s snat “ss”.\nUr yessefk ara a t-naru akka (ɣas akka i t-nesseqdac deg wawal):\nAkka i yessefk (a t-naru) :\nTamawt tagejdant: Yal mi ara nekker ad nessefti kra n wemyag, yessefk ad nettuγal γer talγa-ines tamenzut akken ad nẓer amek-it. Talγa tamenzut n wemyag d tin ara d-neddem seg wanaḍ ( amalay asuf), amedya: KREZ> SSEKREZ...\nƐerḍet arut-d da ayen tegzam d wayen ur tegzim. Get iluɣma akken ad tessmersem (mres>ssemres) neɣ ad tessqedcem (qdec>sseqdec) imyagen anda llant yiwet “s” d snat”ss”.\nSɣur : Ṭaglal\nAtan wamek uriγ "DREG", wissen ma yelha?\n(Rriγ-t-id γer da imi s-tbeddlem adeg i temsirt)\nKra n wagulen:\nUriɣ “ggal” deg wadeg “ggall” (“ll” ad yessed). Yernu :\n“Ggall>sgill” d tasureft, ɣas aswaɣ-ines a t-nettaru s yiwet “s” am wakken t-id-nniɣ yakan, acku yebda s tergalt tussidt ( ɣas ma mačči d tiɣri ilem “e” i d- iḍefren targalt tussidt.\nTtuɣ ur d-nniɣ ara aya: Imyagen ibeddun s tergalt tussidt, tetteɣlay-asen tussda-nni mi ara sen-nernu “aswaɣ” , amedya: “ddes> ssudes… anagar kan di kra n tsuraf am wemyag “ddu”>seddu, ma\nIsmawen imawiyen n yemyagen-a yellan s talɣa tussidt uzellum ur tessden ara (deg yisem), imedyaten: Qqel>ssuqel>asuqel ( mačči assuqel). Ffeɣ>ssufeɣ>asufeɣ (mačči assufeɣ)…\nṬaglal yuɣal wudem-is d azeggaɣ seg usetḥi!\ntimsirin-agi i γ-id-tefkiḍ, a Ṭaglal sskanent-d abrid iwulmen i tira, tanemmirt-ik a gma, d tidet idlisen i d-yettefγen ttakken-d tassefrayt-nsen s tjerrumt n tefransist, yernu akken i d-qqaren yella aṭas wemgired d tin n tmaziγt, dayas i d-yusa, yuεer cwiṭ γef win werğin ikcem ar uγerbaz, akka am nekk, kečč xersum tessefrayḍ-aγ-tt-id s tagi-nneγ kan, tura i wakken ad ccfuγ γef temsirin-agi, atan a tent-id-ssugezeγ , ad atent-γareγ, yal iḍ ma ara ruḥeγ ad ṭṭseγ;\ntamawt: uggiz akka i yella deg umawal, ẓer ma akka i d assefti-ines," ar yimal: ad ssugezeγ, ad tessugezeḍ, (ad nessugez), ihi mačči, "a nessugez" ad tessugezem, ad ssugezen,\nmuḥend ar tayeḍ\nA Ṭaglal, ma yella wamek, kles isem-agi Taglal deg wesmel, akken a k-d-geγ amek ad tesseγtiḍ timsirin-agi ticki i tukiḍ s kra izeglen.\nTanemmirt-ik hulan hulan\nSγur I Winna\nAql-i ihi giɣ ayen d-tenniḍ, skellseɣ iman-iw a gma-tneɣ Winna. Am wakken twalaḍ, Ṭaglal yettaɣ awal. Maca, ḥṣiɣ ad ɛewwqeɣ deg wamek ara reqqɛeɣ iḍrisen-nni acku ur tufiḍ i ssneɣ deg temsal-a n wesmel! Ma ɛewwqeɣ ad ak-n-mleɣ ayen ara t-wennɛeḍ kečč. Tanemmirt tazeɛlukt (tameqqrant s tumẓabt). Yernu d tidet i d-tenniḍ, yessefk ad sseɣtayeɣ ( am wawal-nni “timmarewt” i uriɣ „timarewt“) ad rennuɣ daɣen ayen d-ttmektayeɣ…\nAr tura wissen ma yettwagzay wakken d-ttaruɣ, neɣ sserwateɣ kan berra i wennar?! Ussan-a ad ɛerḍeɣ a d-rnuɣ kra iwellihen.\nTtuɣ ur d as-d-rriɣ ara i umeddakel-nni „Ceɛban“ i yennan ur yessefk a d-tiniḍ "annar akka i yettwarwat, ma d tamaziγt akken...." Ur telli d tussnant » .\n1) Aql-aɣ nettraǧu a ɣ-d-tawiḍ ayen yifen aya, yernu s wul zeddigen am waman . Ur nuksan ad nissin, u ad nelmed sɣur-k, ay ameddakel. Niɣ (yak) akka ay yenna Ccix Muḥend: “a wi yeddan d wi t-yifen”.\n2) Yessefk ad teẓreḍ amek d wanda d-nniɣ awal-nni! Ihi awal-nni yella-d d tiririt i umeddakel-nni –nneɣ Lḥusin*, i yennan “llan wid yettarun akka, wiyaḍ akken-nniḍen…i nekkni amek ara naru aya d waya…. Yernu nniɣ-t-id d tidmi seddaw umagrad, mačči d awellih. Ihi “qbel ad tzerɛeḍ timẓin, ẓer qbel amek i iga wakal” I yenna Lewnis At Mangellat.\nTamawt: Lḥusin d-yessutren amek ara naru aya d waya, atan yerra iman-is texḍa-t taluft, yuɣal ɣer wamek i yella yettaru?! D tagi ay d taqṣiṭ--nni n “meyya keccment, meyya teffɣent” “si pa puɣ nu” I yenna Mmi-s n Wemsed!)! ihi, “ulac din xali-k deg tessirt” mačči xal-ik deg tssirt.\n“IMEXLUQEN-AGI HEDDREN KAN” neɣ mačči akka i yenna Muḥya?!\nSγur I dda Muḥend\nAzul a dda Muḥend,\nAwal d-tenniḍ “uggiz” ur t-ssineɣ, ɣas mel-aɣ-t-id d acu-t ?! Acku ur zmireɣ ad sseftiɣ ayen ur ssineɣ ! ( « asefti » mačči « assefti”. Yekka-d seg “ssefti>fti) Maca, yella yiwen wawal “aggaz » neɣ « akkaz » d awal i d -yekkan seg yiwet si tantaliwin timaziɣin n Merruk, anamek-ines d wa « asteɛref ». Yezmer lḥal ahat awal d-tenniḍ ad yili d arbib n «aggaz » am wakken ara d-nini s teqbaylit kra n werbib-nniḍen yecban ubrik, neɣ uzmir… Tegra-d deg wamek ara t-nessefti ?! Yessefk a t-nessers zdat wawal i nessen s teqbaylit, ssyen a ɣ-d-iban yixef-is. S umata “Uggiz “ ur nezmir a t-nessefti acku mačči d amyag. Ma yella “ggez” i d amyag-ines ihi ad yili akka “ ssugez” am wemyag “kkes>ssukes ( I tikkelt-nniḍen ma yella “ggez”?). Yezmel lḥal daɣen ahat tqesdeḍ-d “ssegzi” neɣ “ssegzu”>gzi neɣ gzu= fhem>ssefhem?!\nAyen yerzan iwellihen-a:\nYessefk yal yiwen deg-neɣ ad yeḥṣu awwar (lwaǧeb)-ines amezwaru d wa: ad yissin ilugan imenza n tira neɣ xerṣum kra seg-sen, mačči d tajerrumt i yezwaren neɣ d amawal, neɣ d tasnilsit.. Yessefk a d-neffeɣ si tigi n yewzan qbel timẓin! Akk leǧnas (iɣlanen) umaḍal ḥṣan anwa asurif i yezwaren, anagar kan imaziɣen, leqbayel* ladɣa, ideg yal yiwen deg-neɣ ira ad yuɣa d amesjerrum, d asnilsi, d amssan di tutlayt; ad yissin akk amawal ngum ara yissin ilugan imenza n tira!!! Ur ẓriɣ ara d acu d tawaɣit-agi i ɣ-yuɣen?! D awezɣi ad naf, akk irumyen neɣ aɛraben neɣ ineglizen…ssnen akk tajerrumt neɣ amawal n tutlayin-nsen! Imdanen ttissinen neɣ ttnadin ad issinen amek ara arun timeslayin-nsen, d imazzagen di tjerrumt i tt-yettissinen; tasnilsit d tussna i ttissinen yesnilsiyen..; ma d amawal, yal win ur nessin kra n wawal inadi-t deg umawal. Akka ay teddunt temsal. Yenna-yas Lwennas Matub “ Taqbaylit nugi a tt-nissin, nettnadi ayen i wumi ur nezmir”!!!\n* Segmi nuɣal akk d imedyazen:\nYettneggiz am uẓerbuṭ\nAd iruḥ ɣer lbuṭ\nAkken a s-yeg taɣruṭ\nI tmaziɣt s war ccuruṭ\nMa ulac ad yali ɣer Temguṭ\nA d-iḍegger iman-is ɣef tɛebbuṭ\nUla d Ṭaglal yeqqel d lpewwiṭuṭ ( ad yasem seg-i dda Sɛid, ad yekker ad icerreg akk isefra-s!)\nIḍelli d imedyazen akk, ass-a ad nuɣalet akk d imesjerrumen, d isnilsiyen, d imassanen!...\nD lewhayem! Nessen ad nemmet ɣef tmaziɣt, ur nessin ara amek ara tt-naru!\nawal "uggiz"=imprimé, "tasaggazt"=imprimante, d tidet awal-a d atrar, deg umawal i t-uffiγ,\nam akken teẓriḍ ulac amawal n tmaziγt deg ara naf awalen akk nesseqdac,\ntamawt: s tira imi ara nezwir "i" neγ "d" wissen m' ad dduklen neγ uhu? amedya: i wakken, i lmed, iwumi, dagi, d ayen, dayas,\ntanemmirt-ik a Taglal\n"I WAKKEN" akk d "IWAKKEN" ttarun-ten i sin, "ILMEND" akk d "I LMEND" akken daγen, "IWUMI" werğin t-γriγ, "DAGI" akka i t-ttarun yakk, "D AYEN" akk d "DAYEN" ttarun-ten i sin, ma d "DAYAS" ur gziγ ayen i triḍ a d-tinniḍ !\nttafeγ-ten yakk ttarun-ten s snat n talγiwin-agi ma d aneggaru-nni cukkeγ triḍ a d-tinniḍ "D AYA" !\nYella daγen wawal "ASSA" neγ "ASS-A", yal yiwen amek i t-yettaru, walaγ dakken deg yeḍrisen yura Kamal Nait Zerrad, s talγa-nni tamenzut i t-yettaru.\nSsuref-iyi, ccḍeγ sin iberdan, deg wadeg n "A D-TINIḌ", uriγ "A D-TINNIḌ".\nawalen-agi: "iwumi" neγ "dayas' neseqdacin di temnaṭ-nneγ, maca ur walaγ ara win i ten-id-yuran akka, ahat ttarun-ten akken nniḍen,\namedya: win ur n-ggar leεnaya γef tutlayt-is, ur tt-yettmeslay, ur tt-yettaru, iwumi-t ihi...!\nad yili yella win yesserfan ameddakel-nni-nneγ, dayas ur d-iban ara akka!\ntanemmirt a Meẓyan, ihi d kečč i d Ṭaglal?\nAzul a Muḥend, mačči d nekk i d Ṭaglal ! Limmer d netta cukkeγ ur itecceḍ deg "a d-tiniḍ" am akka ccḍeγ usawen !\nMa ur zgileγ ara, gziγ cwiṭ anamek n "dayas", a d-iniγ yessefk a t-naru-t "d aya s"!\nAmedya : d aya s nedder, (d aya(gi) swayes i nedder), ur ẓriγ ma yelha wamek i t-uriγ ?\nSγur Meẓyan yewwet wugur!!!\nYewwet-iyi wugur nniḍen, uriγ-d "a t-naru-t" deg wadeg n "a t-naru"\nazul a Meẓyan ntecceḍ akk a gma, seg zik ur teffriz ara fell-aγ, alarmi d tura i terked tira n tmaziγt, yernu d tagi kan i yeffγen fell-as, ur nettrağu wihin neγ tihin a γ-id-awin tira nniḍen, γef waya, ilaq-aγ a tt-nelmed; Ma dayen yeεnan awalen ahat yal wa amek i ten-yettmeslay di temnaṭ-is, maca dagi daγen ilaq ad nesseqdan kan awalen iwulmen.\nSγur Ay imeddukal\nAzul ay imeddukal,\nA mačči d reffu i rfiɣ a dda Muḥ, ɛni d tinna akken « ṭṭef-iyi neɣ ad ɣliɣ »!\nTanemmirt ilmend usegzi n wawal-nni « uggiz », dɣa tesmektaḍ-iyi-d s yes-s imi walaɣ-t deg yiwen wesmel, maca, ttuɣ-t. Ihi akken i k-n-nniɣ kan : sserwes (qaren)-it-id neɣ ssers-it-id zdat wemyag yellan am netta di teqbaylit, tesseftiḍ-t. Maca, ur ḥṣiɣ a d-teɣliḍ deg wemyag i t-yecban di teqbaylit, (acku talɣa-nni-ines tettweḥḥi-t-id ad yili d arbib --Adjectif\n-- am « ubrik, umlil, ungif »… mačči d amayag !) ɣas ma llan yemyagen i ibeddun s « u » am urar, ugar… Aql-aɣ ad nnadi fell-as, mi t-nufa a k-in-taweḍ tririt. Yella daɣen yiwen wawal s unamek-agi “ amsuded=imprimé” i yesseqdec Kamal Buɛmara (wagi d aduktur di tsekla tamaziɣt mačči d Ṭaglal yewwet ṭaglal!).\nSγur Wa nniγ-aaaaak!!:\nWa nniɣ-aaaaak!!: A Meẓyan-agi yettnadi a yi-yawi adeg-iw! Yernu yezmer ad yili d yiwen si terbaɛt-nni n “INALCO”, ad terwi! Ma nniɣ-ak yeẓwer, atan yeẓwer!\nUssan-agi yezrin, akken d-rsen iwellihen-agi deg wesmel, tetti tegnit fell-i, uɣaleɣ d wayeḍ! A semmus yezgaren i yemmezlen deg taddart-iw IṬAGLALEN” wamag seksu d wudi d tamment qqimen ttmenṭaren, awi-d anwi ara yeččen!.. A d timecreṭ. D tameɣra meqqren di taddart, d tajmilt i mmi-tsen Ṭaglal a wi awal ternuḍ! Ngum ara d-rsen iwellihen-agi, yella Ṭaglal amzun ur yelli, yiwen ur s-yettak azal; ula d baba yerkeḍ-iyi, yerna yerkeḍ ula d tamɣart n yemma ɣef ddra-w! Akken ara d-yekcem, yini-yas: I yilef-nni n mmi-m, i yesluffuẓen akken am welɣem?! Tikkal yini-yas: I weɣyul-nni n mmi-m mazal-it igen?!... Ma d ass ideg d-rsen iwellihen-agi, akken d-yekcem, yebren cclaɣem-is, iḍegger icuḍaḍ ubernus-is ɣef tuyat-is, yenna: Mmi-tneɣ Ṭaglal d izem! taddart akk tettmeslay fell-as “ Ṭaglal d amaziɣ n tidet! yiwen uṭaglal i nesɛa di taddart Iṭaglalen! Dɣa yejbed-d 50 alef yefka-yas-ten i temɣart, u yenna-yas: Ax, efk-as-ten i Ṭaglal akken a d-yaɣ tabakit n tibent (tabac) akk d kra n tebyirin; ɛni mačči d argaz ay yella !”\nSγur Γef imeslayen-nni\nƔef imeslayen-nni amek ara ten-naru:\nGer “DAYEN” akk d “D AYEN” mačči yiwen-is, amenzu yezdi , wis-sin ur yezdi ara. Amenzu anamek-is d wa “ dayen=yekfa, ifuk neɣ ifukk, yessuli”… amedya: DAYEN kfiɣ tabrat s tira. Wis-sin: D AYEN ara ččeɣ.\nTamawt: akken ad tifsus fell-ak: Lemmer a s-tekkseḍ “d “ i umenzu-nni ad yuɣal ur iseɛɛu kra unamek ( “ayen” iman-is kan ur d-yemmal ara nekfa taɣawsa), maca, wis-sin ɣas nekkes-as “d”-nni a t-nesseqdec ( ayen giɣ, giɣ-t). Ula d ger “DAYA” d “ D AYA” daɣen am imezwura…\n„DA neɣ DAGI“ d amernu n wadeg, yezdi acku ur nezmir ara a d-nini „d a“ neɣ „d agi“! „Ilmend“ yezdi daɣen acku ulac „lmend“ iman-is kan (ɣas yella wawal-nniḍen “lmendad=I lmendad).\n“ I wakken, I wumi…” wigi ssya i d-kkan: i+akken, i+umi (mi ara mlilent snat teɣra ini yekcem-d “w”: Kamal yettaru-ten zdin, ɣur-s netta d yiwet tenzeɣt ɣas llant snat “Iwakken”, “iwumi”, wiyaḍ ttarun-ten ur zdin ara.\n“ASSA neɣ ASS-A”? Amenzu (ass) d amernu n wakud, wis-sin (-a neɣ agi..) d “arbib ameskan, Tigwi ttarun-ten ur zdin ara (ass-a/agi), Maca, Kamal yettaru-t yezdi acku ɣur-s netta d yiwen umernu kan.\nTamawt tamatut: “DAYEN “ d “D AYEN “mačči yiwen-is. “ILMEND” yezdi. “DAGI” Yezdi. “IWAKKEN” neɣ “I WAKKEN”, “ASSA neɣ “ASS-A” ar tura yal yiwen amek ten-yettaru.\nMa ur tegziḍ ara (ur d ak-nniɣ ara kkes “ara”-nni n tibawt! Tzemreḍ a d-tiniḍ “ ur ẓriɣ ara neɣ ur ẓriɣ”.) ɣas ini-d a dda Muḥend.\n( Tettuḍ alugen-nni uzellum! Turiḍ „neseqdac“ mačči „ nesseqdac<qdec)!\nazul a Ṭaglal\nyuεer γef win werğin yeγra illugan n tira ad yaru war ma yecceḍ, aql-ak tura d aselmad-nneγ deg wesmel, yid-k akka ar zdat, ad nissin tira akken iwata, nekk tteccḍeγ, anda i tella tuddsa n snat tergalin, neγ di "d" amedya talluft-agi a tt-yini, neγ ad tt-yini?, "i" acu i sseneγ, neγ acu isseneγ,\nma γef wayen yeεnan "ara" nekkni s leqbayel nuγ tanumi yid-s, a t-nekkes asmi ara neddukel, neγ "ad t-nekkes"?\nssureft-iyi riγ a d-iniγ "tussda" mačči tuddsa,\nanamek n wawal-nni (dayas neγ s dayas=c'est pour ça, s trupiẓt\nAzul fell-awen, γas kkes anezgum a Ṭaglal, ur d-usiγ ara akken a k-awiγ adeg-ik, ula d nekk la lemdeγ s temsirin-ik, tanemmirt tameqqrant!\nTamawt : awal-agi n Ṭaglal yella wanda i t-ufiγ, yettwaru akka : "ṭṭaglal", ma ur skidbeγ ara, deg usegzawal-nni n Dallet (Taqbaylit n At Mangellat).\nTtuγ ur d-nniγ ara dakken ufiγ-t yettwaru "ṭṭaglal", deg wungal "Timlilit n Tγermiwin" n Ğamal Benεuf.\nAwi-d kan imi ur d-tusiḍ ara a yi-tawiḍ adeg-iw deg wesmel, a gma-tneɣ Meẓyan (ɣas isem-ik “Meẓyan”, maca, keččini tugareḍ Meqqran di tmusni!), acku teṭṭef-iyi tergagit seg-k!\n“Ṭaglal” d wagi ay d azarisem-iw, akka ay ires deg waddad aɣarim; ur zmireɣ a t-beddleɣ neɣ ad kkseɣ seg-s kra, neɣ ad rnuɣ kra!.. Tegra-d deg wawal-a n “ṭaglal” neɣ “ṭṭaglal”?! Iban yella deg wayen yura J.M.Dallet, maca ur cfiɣ ara amek i t-yura. Tegra-d deg wungal “Timlilit n tɣermiwin” ma ur zgileɣ ara ad naf awal-a yura-t bab-is snat tikkal akka “ṭṭaglal”. Ungal-a yettwaru deg useggas 2000. Di tam (8)-agi iseggasen tbeddel tegnit ɣef tmaziɣt, telḥa, tger-d isurifen ɣer zdat.. yernu akken qqaren “skud nettimɣur, skud nettissin”.Tura ma ur teɛdizeḍ ara ad nger kra n tamawin ɣef snat tmuɣliwin yellan di tira:\n1) llan wid d-yeqqaren isem yettwakkas-d seg wemyag, anamek-is targalt yessden deg wemyag ad tessed ula deg yisem; wiyaḍ nnan-d uhu! A d-nezwir s wawal yettwassnen nezzeh, yernu mgarraden di tira-s yemdanen, ssyen a d-nuɣal ɣer Ṭaglal, ssurfet-iyi ṭaglal d ṭṭaglal…\nAd neṭṭef amedya n :“AMUSSNAW”, neɣ “AMUSNAW”, “TAMUSSNI”, neɣ TAMUSNI”?! Neḥṣa akk, kkan-d seg wemyag: “ISSIN” mačči “ISIN”?! Ihi Yidir Ḥmed Zayed (i nessen akken yessefk, yernu nteg deg-s taflest ilmend n tmusni-ines d weɣnes-ines) yettaru-ten akka ““AMUSSNAW”, “TAMUSSNI” imi d-kkan seg wemyag “ISSIN” i wumi yessed “s”. Ɣef waya i ten-nettaru ula d nekkni ssden (ula d Ǧamal alammi d aseggas-a kan i yuɣal ur ten-itessed ara), maca, asmi ɣ-d-yenna Kamal ur ten-tessdet ara nekkes-asen tussda-nni. Ula d ṭaglal (mačči nekkini) akken daɣen. Yella wemyag “ ṭṭeglelli”, ṭṭeglelliɣ, teṭṭeglelliḍ… (yenna dɣa umedyaz Ṭeyyeb: Aql-iyi ṭṭeglelliɣ, ugadeɣ ad ɣliɣ..) u ɣef waya i t-yura akka bab n wungal d-tbedreḍ. Maca, tura a t-yettaru akka “ṭaglal” yeṭṭeglelli…\nI tura teččiḍ tamsalt neɣ werɛad a MEẒYAN?! Qqar kan: d Ṭaglal i tent-iferrun!\nAzul a dda Muḥend, ay amɣar azemni.\nS yixef n ccix n Tqerrabt”\nAr tegreḍ-d isurifen meqqren di tira, a dda Muḥend. Ɣas ḥṣiɣ akken yessefk a dda Muḥend, d akken tura kan i tkecmeḍ di tallit ideg ara k-ikeccem ccek deg wayen ara taruḍ, akken turiḍ awal a k-d-iban mačči akken! Zik tettaruḍ kan, ur teẓriḍ d acu tettaruḍ, tura tebdiḍ tettissineḍ d acu tettaruḍ, u ɣef waya ara k-ikeccem ccek: ad tessdeḍ ayen ur ntessed, ad tekkseḍ tussda i wayen yessden… maca, ma tlekmeḍ akka a d-teffɣeḍ seg-s s tɣawla. Ɣas kkes akk anezgum a dda Muḥ, anagar tiwwḍin ara tawḍeḍ.\nTamsalt n tussda, cwiṭ seg-s d tamusni; ddeqs-nniḍen d ccfawat ɣef wawalen, ayen d-yegran d tannumi kan. Kečč ur tzeggleḍ ara aṭas di tussda, imedyaten deg wayen turiḍ:\n10 wawalen-agi yellan usawen lhan.\nSin wawalen-agi tzegleḍ deg-sen acku ur tessden ara: taluft, ilugan.\nAzul i tikkelt-nniḍen,\nTamsalt n tzelɣa n yimal („ad“) yessefk-as tamsirt, ssya ar kra n wussan kan a tt-neɛnu; ula d agnu n „I“ daɣen s wazal-is acku ddeqs ilugan i yellan deg-s: amassaɣ, tanzeɣt, udem n tseftit (3).., daɣen a d-tili fell-as temsirt deffir tzelɣa n yimal. Ssya ar yimir-nni, attan ihi tririt ɣef kra n wawalen-nni kan (acku d tamsirt kan akken i yessefken , akken ad negzu akk timsal):\na tt-yini, neγ ad tt-yini?\nD amezwaru i yelhan, wis-sin yezgel. Dagi tella tzelɣa n yimal, yella wemqim udmawan d wemyag deg wurmir aḥerfi: Ma ulac amqim-nni “tt” ad yili akka s : ad imel, ma yella “tt”-nni neɣ akk imqimen-nniḍen…\nA t-naru akka, llant snat talɣiwin :\nA TT-YINI neɣ AD ATT-YINI (akka d agul “ad tt-yini), acku ma nerna-yas “d” i “a” yessefk a s-nernu daɣen “a” i wemqim “tt”=”att-”.\na t-nekkes, neɣ ad t-nekkes"? amezwaru yelha wis-sin yezgel.\nYessefk akka: a t-nekkes neɣ ad at-nekkes (akka d agul « ad t-nekkes »)\nWali daɣen dagi:\n"i" acu i ssneγ, neγ acu issneγ,\nD amezwaru i yelhan, wis-sin yezgel. “SSNEƔ” d amyag yettwaseftin deg wudem amenzu (nekk=Ɣ+afeggag n wemyag deg yezri “ss –e--”) “I”-nni d amssaɣ ur yeddi ara deg usefti n wemyag, ihi ur yessefk ad yezdi yid-s. “I”-nni yezmer ad yuɣal d “ay”, yezmer daɣen ad yettwikkes akk. Imedyaten:\n“D ACU I SSNEƔ” neɣ “D ACU AY SSNEƔ” neɣ “D ACU SSNEƔ” akk lhan. (akka d agul “d acu issneɣ).\nIni-yi-d ma tegziḍ a dda Muḥend neɣ uhu ?\nTAMAWT TAXXUṬRANT: Amyag “ini” deg yimal ur t-nesseqdac ara s “ad” (tazelɣa n yimal), nesseqdac-it s “a d-“ (tazelɣa n yimal d tzelɣa n tnila): a d-yini (mačči “ad yini”) a d-iniɣ (mačči “ ad iniɣ), ula d amyag “ as” daɣen akken “ a d-aseɣ” (mačči ad aseɣ), a d-yas (mačči ad yas)\nYessefk a s-nruḥ kan s ttawil, akken qqaren akken "Tikli n yizem". Anamek-is yemla-yaγ-t-id yizem: Tedduγ kan ddac ddac, win -d-yuzzlen a yi-d-yaf deg webrid; win i yettazzalen mi ara yeεyu a t-afeγ yettrağu-yi. ( Win yegran yettwačč, win yezwaren yemmečč", d tagi ay d tikli n yizem).\n"Ma yedda-d deffir nerğa-t, ma γer zdat ad at-nelḥeq" i yenna LEWNIS AT MANGELLAT. Ihi a s-nruḥ kan s leεqel kan.. Ma baγ(γabeγ) kra n wass neγ n wussan, mačči lmeεna-s ğğiγ asmel. Yernu ur riγ ad ḥerṣeγ taluft alamma teqres! Γef waya ur d-sserseγ ara dagi ilugan-nniḍen, xerṣum a ten-nettağğa cwiṭ ar d ismiḍen.\nWin iran ad yelmed tira yessefk-as ad yettaru netta s yimad-is, ad yeggar tamawt i wiyaḍ amek ttarun.. " Win yebγan yenna : amek? win yugin yenna : ulamek!"\nTanemmirt a Ṭaglal ilmend n usegzi γef wamek i yessefk a naru "ṭaglal" d wawalen-nni i d-yekkan seg wemyag "issin", lecγal ddan ma d nekk ur ten-ẓriγ, ihi aql-i ferḥeγ ayen din imi k-id-ufiγ da, temliḍ-iyi kra n tγawsiwin i ibeddlen deg tira, wannag nekk mazal-iyi ttmuquleγ γer yedlisen i d-yeffγen azal n 10 iseggasen aya, d tidet greγ tamawt γef wemgirred-agi deg tira n wawalen "tamus(s)ni" akk d amus(s)naw, deg internet walaγ-ten ttwarun s yiwen "s", maca γilleγ d azgal i zeglen wid i ten-yuran.\ntanemmirt a Ṭaglal aql-i medzeγ aṭas degmi yi-d-teniḍ teggareḍ deg tira-k ccek, ma tgerrez neγ txus, ma tella ciṭ n cfawat ad tuγaleḍ ad tettaruḍ akken iwata, acu kan deg tinna i yi-d-tuffiḍ bateγ akken i s-yenna b'uẓalim, yernu ttwagzayent akk timsirin-agi i d-tettakkeḍ a mass Ṭaglal nekk ṭfeγ-tent-id semmus γef semmus, maca ussan-agi ur staffeγ ara aṭas, ma zik-nni qedceγ γef warraw-iw, tura imi lliγ deg testaγt sseqdacen-iyi;\ntamawt: awal: mdez=freḥ, "d bu cfawat i t-id-yennan i Lḥusin iqubab iḍelli deg wesmel, wissen ma akka ar t-nessefti"\naseγtu ar γur-k? wissen kan ma ugtent tuccḍiwin neγ drus\nD tidet kan i d-nniγ a dda Muḥend, tegreḍ-d isurifen n waγzen (mačči Yidir Awaγzen-nni d-yettarun tikkal deg wesmel) di tira. Lkem kan akka, teggareḍ tamawt , daya. D tidet daγen, anezgum n twacult d ayen (mačči "dayen") meqqaren a dda Muḥend. Nnan-as i yefker: "Anwa ay d zzman-ik ay ifker?- yerra-yasen-d: Akka seg wasmi d-nekker!" Akka i d aqbayli meskin, seg ta γer tayeḍ, ulac tawaγit i t-izeglen! Nessaram ad tifsus kan γef tarwa-nneγ, daya!\nAd tafem deffir tedmi ya, kra iwellihen yerzan "tazelγa n yimal, anda d wamek tt-nesseqdac", ayen-nniḍen d-tessutrem ar ussan d-iteddun, ma nedder. Ssarameγ kan ur zgileγ kra deg tira, acku s uγiwel i tt-id-ssewweγ.\nTamawt: Tura kan i d-yuli uselway n tγiwant γer taddart-nneγ "At Ṭaglal", yewwi-yi-d agerdas n yiseγ s yisem n lbaladiyyatu Ṭṭaqqalila. A d-nuγal γer uneḍruy-agi meqqren.\nSγur TAZELΓA N YIMAL\nazul a Mass aselmad\nẓer ma yewqem akka neγ uhu? acku sεiγ ccek imi ttaruγ "nnγan-t, nnfan-t"dagi d amallay wis-kraḍ deg usget, maca amek ara d-yeffeγ imi ara nessefti amyag, ma akka: nnγiγ-t tennγiḍ-t yennγa-t tennγa-t nennγa-t tennγam-t tennγamt-t nnγan-t, (daγen nnfan-t\ntamawt: deg wemyag ruḥ, ad ruḥeγ ar tmurt, ruḥeγ-d, ruḥeγ-n, ttruḥuγ, maca anamek ibeddel: d acu i tesruḥeḍ? sruḥeγ yiwet tγawsa, ccfawat-nni n zik akk sruhuyeγ-tent tura,\nAzul a dda Muḥend, azul akk.\nNwiɣ dayen tjemmleḍ imi ur d-testeqsaḍ ara akka!\nKra seg wayen d-tessutreḍ:\nAmyag « neɣ », « enɣ » atan wamek ara t-nessefti : (deg yezri) nɣiɣ, tenɣiḍ, yenɣa, tenɣa, nenɣa, tenɣam, tenɣamt, nɣan, nɣant. Am wakken nwala da, ur yessid ara « n »-nni. Daɣen amyag „nfu“: nfiɣ, tenfiḍ, yenfa, tenfa, nenfa, tenfam, tenfamt, nfan, nfat. Tegra-d deg wemqim udmawan s usemmad usrid“t“ a t-nernu kan deffir wemyag s ucuddu, amedya: nɣiɣ-t, tenɣiḍ-t, yenɣa-t, tenɣa-t, nenɣa-t, tenɣam-t, tenɣamt-t, nɣan-t, nɣant-t. Yessefk ad nissin (ɣas mačči deg yiwen wass kan) aya: Yal amyag ara nessefti, ad neḥṣu deg-s aya: aẓar n wemyag, afeggag n wemyag, akud neɣ melmi, udmawen n tseftit neɣ anwa i igan tigawt. Ayagi merra a s-d-nuɣal ssya d afella. Maca, ahat yelha ma neẓra aya s tewzel kan: Udmawen n tseftit (amek ara nẓer anwa i igan tigawt):\nS umata llan kraḍ wudmawen di tseftit: Win yettmeslayen „ nekk“. Win i wumi nettmeslay“ kečč d kemm“. Win iɣef nettmeslay “netta d nettat”.\nUdem amenzu: ……ɣ (uli+ɣ)>nekk=…..ɣ (čči+ɣ=ččiɣ)\nUdem wis-sin: t…….ḍ (t+uli+ḍ)>kečč/kemm=t…ḍ (t+čči+ḍ=teččiḍ)\n*Udem wis-kraḍ: y/i ….. (y+uli/i=ruḥ)>netta= y/i (ye+čča=yečča)\n*Udem wis-kraḍ: t ….. (t+uli/t+ruḥ)> nettat= t (te+čča=tečča)\nUdem amenzu: n…. (n+uli)> nekkni/nekkenti= n (ne+čča=nečča)\nUdem wis-sin: t…..m (t+uli+m)> kunwi=t….m (te+čča+m=teččam\nUdem wis-sin: t…..mt (t+uli+mt)> kunemti= t….mt (te+čča+mt=teččamt)\nUdem wis-kraḍ: ….n (uli+n)> nutni=……n (čča+n=ččan)\nUdem wis-kraḍ: ….nt (uli+nt)>nutenti= …..nt (čča+nt=ččant)\n1) amyagen yebdan s yiwet tergalt (ruḥ, ru…) udem wis-kraḍ n tseftit yettili s „i“ i+ruḥ=iruḥ/t+ruḥ=truḥ, i+ru=iru/t+ru=tru. Imyagen yebdan s snat tergalin (krez, xdem…) udem wis-kraḍ n tseftit yettili s „ye“ ye+krez=yekrez/te+krez=tekrez. Akk imyagen yebdan s teɣri (ali , uɣal, if) udem wis-kraḍ n tseftit yettili s „y“ y+uli=yuli/t+uli=tuli.\n2) Afeggag n wemyag yettbeddil ilmend n wudmawen n tseftit, ilmend n wakuden, ilmend n tewsit.. afeggag n wemyag „ali“ deg wurmir d wa“ali“, maca, deg yezri „ uli“. Afeggag n wemyag „ečč“ deg sin wudmawen imenza deg yezri d wa „čči“, deg wiyaḍ akk „čča“ ; maca deg wurmir „ ečč“.\nA sent-id-nuɣal akk a dda Muḥend, ur feccel (mačči ur feččel) ara kan.\nSsya ar kra n wussan kan a d-nessers da kra ilugan ara yerzun agnu n "i" anda ara yezdi d wanda ur izeddi d wawal. Ussan-nni yezrin ğğiγ kra yellan, ula d tarmest-nni i niqal ad tili d mass aselway n tγiwant n At Ṭaglal ideg ara yi-d-yettunefk ugerdas, beṭleγ-tt! Ṭaglal werğin "ibeddel adrum s weγrum"! bdiγ ttsuγuγ din: Daεi d ilelli, leḥkem d amaruz!\nTamawt: Tanemmirt a dda Muḥend imi s-temmeslayeḍ i Tafat γef iwellihen-agi; a wi yufan a d-rnun akk γer da, acku ahat ad agmen ssya kra n lewqam.\ntanemmirt-ik a Ṭaglal ur feccel ara kan kečč a gma imi aselway n taddart iṭaglalen ur k-yessuli yara tajernaṭ ilmend twuri-yagi-inek uselmed, anwa akka izemren akk ad ijemmel tamusni γef ilugan n tira? wissen ahat d Dda Lḥusin iqubab, imi akka ur d-iban ara acḥal aya, ma d nekk mazal aṭas i yi-xusen a t-lemden ar γur-k, a wi yuffan aṭas ara d-iḍefren timsirin-agi u yal yiwen a d-yini deg wanida yettaff uguren;\nssuref-iyi ttuγ ur k-id-sseqsaγ ara, ma taddart at Ṭaglal ffγen-d akk ad ttsuγun yid-k: Daεi d ilelli, leḥkem d amaruz!\nAzul fell-awen, yal tikkelt ideg ara stufuγ, ṭṭafareγ timsirin n Ṭaglal, wid i d-yeqqaren dakken ulac allalen akken a nelmed taqbaylit, tura tḥerreḍ-ten γer lḥiḍ, ur zmiren ad rewlen !\nTanemmirt a Ṭaglal !\nTamawt : ur ẓriγ ara ma uriγ-d akken ilaq " tḥerreḍ-ten " ?\nAy acek-ik a dda Muḥend , a lemmer yekk Leqbayel am kečč!..\nD ayen irennun acrah i wul, imi yal tikkelt trennuḍ teggareḍ isurifen n waɣzen di tira, a dda Muḥ. Atan wanda i tzegleḍ kan ciṭuḥ:\ni yi-xusen= “i yi-ixuṣṣen” (amyag : xaṣṣ deg wudem wis-kraḍ).\nYuffan= « yufan » ( amyag af deg wudem wis-kraḍ)\nYettaff= « yettaf » (amayag af di talɣa tussid « ttaf » deg wudem wis-kraḍ).\nMačči d isuɣan i ixuṣṣen di taddart Iṭaglalen, imi anagar isuɣen i yeṭṭuqten ɣur-neɣ! Ma d tira s tmaziɣt anagar kraḍ yemdanen i yellan di tegnit-a:\n-Ccix Muḥend Lɛerbi, wagi yettaru tamaziɣt s taɛrabt, ma yexḍa netta ulac anwa ara tt-id-yesneṭqen!\n– Ccix Bu uferciḍ n At tazzert, wagi yettaru s Tifinaɣ. Maca, Seg umeẓẓuɣ ɣer umeẓẓuɣ! kra yellan yenṭeḍ, d yiwen ujeɛbub akk; ulac ɣer ɣur-s ilem neɣ acuddu ger wawal d wayeḍ! Yernu la k-yeqqar tagi isem-is „TIFIN-NNEƔ“ sennig-s akin d agrireb! Ɛeddi tura kečč ini-as „ tagi snulfan-tt-id kan di 1967, wamag tifinaɣ Aheggar ulac deg-s izenzaɣen, tiɣra..\nSi leɛḍil ar d asent-id-nuɣal akk, aru ternuḍ a dda Muḥ.\nAzul a gma-tneɣ Meẓyan,\nAyen yerzan asteqsi-inek : ma yelha akka " tḥerreḍ-ten " neɣ uhu ?!\n- Ma triḍ akken t-ttarun akk yemdanen atan yelha, igerrez, iwata, iwenneɛ.. maca ma triḍ tidet, atan d ayen-nniḍen!\nTamenzut : akken ad nwali yal amyag amek ara t-naru, yessefk ad nuɣal ɣer ufeggag-ines deg wanaḍ (ma nra talɣa taḥerfit) aḥerfi ilaw, neɣ ɣer wanaḍ ussid (ma nra talɣa tussidt-ines) ilaw.\nIhi, tura a d-nuɣal ɣer wemyag-agi :\nMa « ḥerr » i neqqar atan yelha « tḥerreḍ-ten », maca, ma akka « ḥerrer“ atan ihi yewwet-ik wugur. Ɣef wakken ssneɣ amyag (ma ur yi-yewwit ara wugur) : « ḥerrer/ttḥerrir ». « Ḥerrer » a t-nessers zdat yemyagen i t-yecban : beddel, ɛeṭṭel, xemmem.. Yessefk ihi a d-neffeɣ seg tinna akken n lewhi kan, ɣas ad ḍṣen fell-aɣ medden imi ur nnumen s tigi! Yessek akk tirgalin yellan di talɣa tamenzut n wemyag ad ilint mi ara nessefti yal amyag :\nbeddel, ɛeṭṭel, xemmem, ḥerrer\nbeddleɣ, ɛeṭṭleɣ, xemmmeɣ, ḥerrreɣ\ntbeddleḍ, tɛeṭṭleḍ, txemmmeḍ, tḥerrreḍ\nibeddel, iɛeṭṭel, ixemmem, iḥerrer\ntbeddel, tɛeṭṭel, txemmem, tḥerrer\nnbeddel, nɛeṭṭel, nxemmem, nḥerrer\ntbeddlem, tɛeṭṭlem, txemmmem, tḥerrrem\ntbeddlemt, tɛeṭṭlemt, txemmemt, tḥerrremt\nbeddlen, ɛeṭṭlen, xemmmen, ḥerrren\nbeddlent, ɛeṭṭlent, xemmment, ḥerrrent.\nGer tamawt-agi taxxuṭrant:\nAcimi i nqebbel ad mlilent kraḍet tergalin dagi “ddl”, “ṭṭl”, nettagi-tent ad mlilent da: “mmm », « rrr » ??!!\nAcimi daɣen di kra n wudmawen nettaru amyag akk s tergalin-ines, deg wudmawen-nniḍen nessenqas deg-sent?! Yiwen wemyag deg yiwen wakud, a t-nettaru s snat talɣiwin!!\nWali dagi (acḥal n “m” d wacḥal n “r” i yellan):\n„ txemmem, tḥerrer“\n„ nxemmem, nḥerrer“\nWali dagi (acḥal n “m” d wacḥal n „r“ i yellan) amek ten-ttarun akk imaziɣen:\nI kečč d acu tenniḍ deg waya, a gma-tneɣ Meẓyan?\nAsekkur!... a madam Nuɣmun!...\nAzul a Ṭaglal, tanemmirt imi terriḍ i tuttra-w, amyag "ḥerrer" ur t-ssineγ ara, ahat ad yili d "gma-s" n wemyag "ḥerr" i sseqdacent kra temnaḍin tiqbayliyin, neγ d nekk ur negzi amyag-agi, acku mazal-iyi seg wid-nni yettarun am akken ttmeslayen.\nTanemmirt yessden a Ṭaglal.\nNeγ triḍ a d-tiniḍ dakken γelḍeγ, deg tidet d amyag "ḥerrer", ma d nekk rriγ-t "ḥerr", acku akka i s-selleγ.\nAmedya : Bγan ad aγ-ḥerren γer lḥiḍ.\nYessefk a t-naru : "Bγan ad ḥerrren γer lḥiḍ" neγ "bγan ad aγ-ḥerreren γer lḥiḍ" ?\nSuref-iyi a Ṭaglal yewwet-iyi wugur, snat n tedmiwin-agi d-uriγ nnig tagi, ur tent-ttarra yara di ddehn-ik, ruḥeγ deg-sent akk !!! Tanemmirt tameqqrant γef temsirin i γ-tettawiḍ, ad ak-iniγ tidet, ddeqs n tikkal i γrin asegzi-agi-inek d wamek gziγ ayen triḍ a yi-d-temleḍ !\ndi tira-w tteccḍeγ aṭas deg "i" amedya: i yi-(i)xuṣṣ(en) ma akka dduklen-d i sin deg ussefti n wemyag-a asuf wis-kraḍ, d usget wis-kraḍ, ma d ayen yaεnan tineqqiṭ n "ṣ" d "ṛ" ad nefrez ala deg (ser neγ ṣer) ( ṛwiγ neγ rwiγ) ma deg wayen nniḍen, llan wid yeqqaren "tabṛat", ma d Dda Sliman Σazem netta yeqqar "tabrat"\n(Awi-d kan imi nettemsefham.Tidmi-yagi rniγ-tt-id kan, ahat ad yili deg-s kra ara yessegzin ugar γef wayen d-nenna yakan. Awer tennuγniḍ a gma-tneγ Meẓyan)\nTanemmirt dɣa imi tettakeḍ azal i wayen d-neqqar da. Tamsalt n wemyag “ḥerr”, tura ma akka i t-teqqarem, ɣas aru-t akken, ulac fell-as. D acu kan yessefk ur s-nettbeddil ara talɣa seg wudem ɣer wayeḍ, daya. Yelha daɣen ma nemsegza ɣef taluft-a (ɣas ma ur d aɣ-terzi taluft n tmeslayt am wakken i ɣ-terza tin n tira): Amyag-a “ḥerr” akka i t-neqqar akk acku deg wawal ulac deg-s kra n ẓẓerb, akken i s-yehwa i wemdan yini-t-id..maca, yelha daɣen ma nger tamawt i snat tamawin-a: Di talɣa tussidt n wemyag-a, werǧin sliɣ i kra n yiwen yenna-d “ttḥerr”, neqqar akk akka “ttḥerrir”, ihi di talɣa taḥerfit-ines d ta” ḥerrer”. Tis-snat: d amyag i d-yekkan si taɛrabt “ḥerrara, yuḥerriru” (ger tamawt acḥal n “r” i yellan deg-s).\nFiḥel ma rẓiɣ-ak aqerruy-ik, imi ayen yesɛan azal d wa:\nYal amyag (ladɣa ideg ncukk) yessefk a t-nessers zdat n wemyag i t-yecban ( i nessen akken yessefk), ssyen a t-nessefti. Daɣen : Ɣas ad nezgel di tira n kra n wemyag, maca, ur yessulef ara kan ad nettaru yiwen wemyag s waṭas n talɣiwin, daya.\nMaca, “s cwiṭ n ṣṣwab maḍi maḍi”: amek ara naru: “ ɛeṭṭleɣ (“ṬṬL” 3 tergalin), ssyen ad naru “ xemmeɣ” (ur nqebbel ara 3 “m”?!)ad nuɣal din kan a tent-neqbel “ixemmem” ( 3 “m”)?!\nyur-k kan a Mass Ṭaglal a ma a s-tiniḍ a k-sslemdeγ aneqqeḍ, "amḥaṣ" n tneqqiḍin, nekk mazal ar tura yekkat-iyi wugur di tira, d awal kan i t-id-yewin,\nakken d-tenniḍ, yal yiwen s wacu yettamen, maca ttafen-d timental nutni iwakken ad ssebken assegmu n tmaziγt, am ccix Muḥend Lεerbi, am ccix Bu ferciḍ,\namezwaru d agemmay n iramiyen, netta iεudd-as d Ṛebbi i t-id-yessnulfan, wis-sin ur yeẓra-yara d agemmay-nni n tifinaγ i d-ssnulfan imaziγen i wwin akka wakka, tura yuγal-d ar γur-neγ, nsemma-yas, agemmay n Mεemri, nekk akka i t-gziγ; wissen ma ccḍeγ aṭas deg tira neγ uhu?\nAzulen a dda Muḥend,\nTanemmirt imi tesseḥraṣeḍ nezzeh akken ad tissineḍ ugar, ayagi d ayen yesnecraḥen ul. D tidet, llant kra n temsal yettilin d ugur i win yettnadin ad yissin ( wid ur nri ad issinen, wigi ulac γur-sen ugur, acku akken d-tusa akken), amedya-yagi n wegnu n "i"; imesla ufayen...\nAgun n "i" a s-d-nuγal s talqayt, tura d tiririt kan i westeqsi-inek:\n"I" neγ "y" n wudem wis-kraḍ asuf (netta) yedda neγ yezdi d wawal acku d netta ara γ-d-yemlen d wis-kraḍ i terza tigawt:\nIruḥ, iru,iḥulfa ( "i" i wemyag yebdan s yiwet tergalt am yemyagen: "ruḥ, ru, ḥulfu...) yerwa, yenna, yuγal ( "y" i yemyagen yebdan s snat tergalin --lmed, xdem..--, neγ yebdan s teγri " ali, urar, af, ečč...). Ma d udem wis-kraḍ asget ulac deg-s "i" neγ "y" acku d "n" di taggara i d udem-ines, d acu kan ma nufa yezwar deg-s "i" neγ "y" winna yedda d wemyag am "ifen" ( if+en).... Maca, yessefk daγen ad nissin d akken tella yiwet talγa-nniḍen i wumi qqaren "amaγun" ideg akk udmawen (deg yilaw) beddun akk s "i" neγ "y": Wid iruḥen, nekk yeččḥen, kečč yessnen, Meẓyan iḥercen, dda Sεid iẓewren, at wesmel yelhan... Ma di tibawt-ines izeggir s "n" wid ur nečči, nekkni ur nenγi, kunwi ur nemmut, nettat ur nḥemmel....\nA d-nuγal γer γur-s ussan-a.\nMa d imesli ufayayen "r" yettwakkes seg iwellihen-nni n INALCO, maca, llan wid i t-yesseqdacen akken kan ad bḍun ger sin wawalen yettemcabin am "rwiγ" (si rwi), akk d rwiγ( si rwu). Kamal U Ẓerrad yekkes-it akk di tira-s acku ay akken yeγs yili wawal yettwagzay deg weḍris... llan daγen wid ur t-nekkis ara acku ahat ur ẓrin ara ( ma d at tγennant wigi fiḥel awal). Tegra-d di tufayt yessefk-as kra n tmuγliwin: yessefk ad nessin awal anda tella deg-s tufayt, aẓar n wawal ma yekka-s si taεrabt a s-nerr tufayt anda tella di taεrabt...\nAr tayeḍ a dda Muḥend\nSγur AGNU N "I"\nAnda ara yezdi d wawal:\n1) “I” n yisem yezdi d wawal.\nKra n yismawen imalayen beddun s “I”, dagi “I” yezdi d wawal, imedyaten ( kra n yismawen n wasuf): Izem, inisi, ilef, ilem, iɣil… ur yessefk ara ad naru “I”-nni yeɛzel ɣef wawal, am wakka: I zi, I lef.\n-- tigti n yismawen imalayen deg wesget beddun akk s “I”, imedyaten: Ifassen, iḍarren, imawen, ilfan, izmawen, imɣaren…..Daɣen ur yessefk ara ad naru “I”-nni yeɛzel ɣef wawal( I zan, i lfan).\nTamawt: Tiɣri-nni “I” neɣ “A”neɣ “U” d amagrad am winna n Tefransist “ le chat” “ la maison”… Zik-nni asmi ulac lmaqarun amagrad di tmaziɣt, yella ur yenṭiḍ ara d wawal: a xxam, a rgaz… Maca, tura dayen yefra ccɣel-is, yenṭeḍ d wawal, yefra wawal.\n2) “I” n wudem wis-kraḍ n tseftit:\nAmyag yesɛan yiwet tergalt zdat teɣri: Ruḥ, ḥulfu, ru…\nDagi, udem wis-kraḍ n tseftit yettili s “I”: Iruḥ (truḥ), iḥulfa (tḥulfa), iru (tru), ira (tra).. Tamawt: “I” deg wunti ur yettili ara deffir “t”: T(ulac)ruḥ.\n-- Imyagen yesɛan snat tergalin zdat teɣri: Xdem, kcem, ɛdel….\nDagi, udem wis-kraḍ n tseftit yettili s “ye”: Yexdem (texdem) yekcem (tekcem), yeɛdel (teɛdel) Tamawt: “ye” deg wunti yettuɣal d “te”: Texdem.\n-- Akk imyagen ibeddun s teɣri: af, ali, aɣ…\nDagi, nrennu-yas kan “y”: Yufa (tufa), yuli (tuli), yuɣ (tuɣ)\nYuɣ awal n baba-s, ad yaɣ awal n yemma-s. Ad yali d asawen. Yuli s igenni…\n-- Ula d talɣa umaɣun daɣen kif kif: Ikerzen, yettarun, yafen …\n3) “I” n wemqim s tenzeɣt:\nFell-i, deg-i, seg-i, aql-i, sɣur-i..\nAnda ur yezdi ara d wawal:\n1) “I” n tenzeɣt ur yeddi ara neɣ yettwaḥwaṣ ɣef wawal:\nFkiɣ idrimen i gma. Nniɣ awal i yemma. Uzneɣ i umeddakel-iw. Rriɣ-tt i tɣimit. Seg wegdud i wegdud… Tamawat “I” n tenzeɣt yeṭṭafar-it-id yisem ( mačči am “I”umassaɣ yeṭṭafar-it-id wemyag).\nAmassaɣ: Tira i nelmed/tira ay nelmed/tira nelmed.\nTanzeɣt: Uriɣ-as i yelli. Awal i kunwi.Taqbaylit i wegdud.\nAnda ur yeddi ara d wawal:\n1)“I” umassaɣ ur yeddi ara neɣ yettwaḥwaṣ ɣef wawal:\nAwal i nemla. Aɣerbaz i nebna. Tamaziɣt i neɣra..Maca, nezmer daɣen ad nbeddel “I”-nni s “ay” ula d netta ur yezdi d wawal: Awal ay nemla. Aɣerbaz ay nebna. Tamaziɣt ay neɣra.. yernu amassaɣ nezmer a t-nekkes akk, awal-nneɣ ad yeqqim akken s unamek-ines: Awal ( ) nemla. Aɣerbaz ( ) nebna. Tamaziɣt ( ) neɣra..\n-- Maca, “I” umassaɣ s tenzeɣt yedda d yid-s ( akka i yenna Kamal U Ẓerrad): Ideg, iseg, iyes, iɣef.. Zik nettaru-t akka : i deg, i seg, i yes, i ɣef…\n2) “I” Umassaɣ zdat tzelɣa n tnila mi ara tezwir amyag ur ineṭṭeḍ ara yid-s:\ni d-nečča, i d-nenna, i d-nefka, i n-nefka, i n-tuznem… Maca, win n tzelɣa n tnila deffir wemqim yedda yid-s, acku mačči d amssaɣ, yettili kan akken ad yebḍu ger tergalin: yenna-t-id, yesserwel-iken-id, yuzen-awent-id… Ula d “I”n wemqim udmawan daɣen akken am tzelɣa n tnila : I k-yenna, i yi-tečča, i wen-uznen.. Maca: Yenna-yasen-t-id, tečča-yas-t-id, tuzen-iken-id…\nTamawt: Wigi, d kra iwellihen kan; ur tettuneḥsab ara d tamsirt. Ma llan kra n yesteqsiyen nezmer a d-nerr fell-asen.\nS wazul n Ṭaglal\nSsarameγ ad ilin wid/tid ara yafen kra n cwiṭ ubaγur deg wayen akka d-sserseγ ass-a. Ussan d-iteddun a d-nuγal s kra iwellihen ara yerzun imesla akken d-yessuter dda Muḥend i wumi nettazen azul.\nTanemmirt a Ṭaglal γef iwellihen-agi, terniḍ-aγ-d ayen ara nelmed.\natan tefkiḍ-aγ-id deg wayen ara nedhu, tanemmirt,\ntamawt: i-nni umagrad ma yettuγal d "e"ar waruz neγ uhu, amedya: "acḥal i d-nuγ deg y(i) (e)dlisen n tγuri" "d izumal n y(e) (i)mdanen i d-irezzun" ttaffeγ daγen akka: "yennayer d aggur amezwaru n useggas γer yimaziγen" acimi mačči "γer imaziγen" war "y"\nd tidet yal adlis n tγuri amek yettwaru,\nAzul a dda Muḥend, azul a Meẓyan; azul akk fell-awen/t.\nAd farṣeγ tagnit akken a sen-buddeγ tasekmut tameggazt i yakk imaziγen d tmaziγin yellan d inselmen ilmend n lεid-agi tameqqrant; ssarameγ yal aseggas a ten-id-tettaf di talwit, liser d teγzi n tmeddurt. "TASEKMUT TAMEGGAZT".\nAhat ad ilin wid ara s-yinin d acu d-yeqqar akka wagi, daγen?! Ihi fiḥel awham d westeqsi imi nekk seg wid yettqadaren yal asγan, u yal amdan γur-s azref akken a d-yesnulfu arebbit-ines swayes ara yefles (yamen); cciṭan ara yergem....\nTanemmirt-nwen a Meẓyan akk d dda Muḥend imi d-trezzum γer teγmert-agi, acku lemmer ad ḥṣuγ ulac win ara yafen xerṣum yiwen uwezwaz amecṭuḥ ubaγur, yili ur ttruẓuγ ara akk aqerruy-iw deg waya.\nAddad amaruz am wakken t-id-nniγ yakan, maca ussan-a a d-uγaleγ γer γur-s s talqayt imi d tamsalt yesεan azal meqqren.\n"I" mi ara yuγal d amaruz, γur-s ilugan-ines, s umata yettuγal d "ye" deg yismawen yesεan snat tergalin deffir umagrad:\nADDAD ILELLI: IRGAZEN. ADDAD AMARUZ: YERGAZEN.\nIMΓAREN GNEN>GNEN YEMΓAREN.\nTegra-d di kra n yismawen i yesεan ugar n snat tergalin, yernu ṭṭuqtent neγ ugdant teγra tirgalin, wigi ttγimin s yiwet talγa; amaruz-nsen yettwagzay deg weḍris kan. Amedya d-tefkiḍ "IMAZIΓEN" d yiwen seg wigi d-nniγ. Amedya "TAFSUT IMAZIΓEN" (mačči "YIMAZIΓEN"). Tenniḍ-d "tikkal nettaf-it akka "YIMAZIΓEN" d tidet i d-tenniḍ acku tawaγit d at tesdawit n Bgayet i tt-igan, acku imi d-zgan ilmendad n tannant iselmaden n tmaziγt di 1995-nni i wellhen iselmaden-nni ad arun akken. Yenna-yasen Kamal U Ẓerrad fell-as, nnan-as-d ifut lḥal. Lemmer d lebγi n wul ur ifut ara lḥal, ass-a xir uzekka! Ulac aqbayli yeqqaren "ddaw yilili" akk leqbayel wid yemmuten d wid yeddren qqaren ddaw ilili. Ulac aqbayli yeqqaren : yerwel-as yikerri, qqaren akk "yerwel-as ikerri". Wid igan tigi ran ad rren TAMAZIΓT d "ISPIRANTU" maca, akk imusnawen n tutlayin n ddunit ḥṣan akk d akken yal tutlay deg-s tisuraf ulac tutlayt di ddunit i iwennεen 100/100 , neγ akken tt-ira bab-is. Wigi ran ad fken akk "yi" i umaruz asget maca, ur zmiren imi llan ilugan-nniḍen am wigi ideg asuf d wesget beddun s umagrad "a" ( ansi ara s-d-awin "ye"?!): ADDAD/WADDAD, ADDADEN/WADDADEN. AZAL/WAZAL, AZALEN/WAZALEN...\nA sent-id-nuγal akk a dda Muḥend.\nQqimet di talwit.\nAzul, iselmanden-nni n Bgayet, ssumren-d dakken ad nettaru "deg uxxam", deg wadeg n wayen i d-yessumer Kamal Nait-Zerrad dakken ad nettaru "deg wexxam" !\nDaγen "deg ubrid" deg wadeg n "deg webrid", "deg udrar" deg wadeg n "deg wedrar", wigi d imedyaten kan !\nCcḍeγ ! Riγ ad aruγ iselmaden mačči iselmanden !\nAzul a Ṭaglal d Muḥend akk d wiyaḍ ! Adlis akk amezwaru i γriγ γef uselmed n teqbaylit d "tajerrumt tatrart n teqbaylit" n Kamal Nait-Zerrad, dγa γileγ adlis-agi ad iqenneε akk wid yebγan ad lemden ilugan n tira iseḥḥan, imi Kama Nait-Zerrad yettwassen s leqdic-ines azedgan yernu isenned γer leqdic n INALCO, ziγemma mačči anagar netta i yellan, ddeqs n yedlisen i d-yeffγen γef tira n teqbaylit, ur ẓriγ anwa ara ḍefreγ d wanwa umi iseḥḥa wawal ?\nAyγer ur nezmir ara ad nbedd akk γef yiwen wawal ? I wumi annect-agi n wemgarred ger imussnawen ?\nd tidet a Meẓyan, yir tira tettcemit, tessedram tutlayt, llan yedlisen i d-yeffγen, ur d-wwin ara abaγur i wessnerni-ines, ahat ad tili akka d afella tsertit ara iḥettmen γef teẓrigin ilugan iwulmen;\ntanemmirt a Ṭaglal, imi γ-d-terrniḍ awal-a i d-yemγin di tferka-nneγ, tasekmut=lεid?\nI tikkelt-nniḍen, tuklalem tinemmirin ilmend n weḍfar i teṭṭafarem iwellihen-a; ssarmeɣ kan ahat d ayen ara d-yeglun s kra n lewqam neɣ xerṣum mačči d ayen ara yawin imdanen ɣer tizelgi.\nWerǧin nniɣ i yiwen nekk ssneɣ tamziɣt, maca zgiɣ qqareɣ nekk seg wid yeddmen inezgumen-agi n tutlayt-nneɣ. Ɣas ma ur ssineɣ, zgiɣ daɣen ttnadiɣ ad issineɣ, imi aya ur yelli d ihwah neɣ d lɛib. Ttnadiɣ ad issineɣ, daɣen ttnadiɣ ad mleɣ ayen ssneɣ i wid yettnadin ad issinen…\nTura, medden akk ẓran, medden akk ḥṣan d akken tamaziɣt telḥa-d, tger-d isurifen meqqren; nessaram ad tjuǧǧeg ugar. Ayagi merra yeḍra-d s uttekki n waṭas n yemdanen, imi mačči d yiwen neɣ d mraw i iqedcen, i yerẓan iqerray-nsen… akken t-yenna Lewnis At Mangellat:\n“Kul wa d asɣar i d-yerna\nIɛawen-itt akken a d-teflali\nIsɣaren-nni a d-gen taffa\nAjajiḥ deg igenni ad yali”\nSeg Bulifa ɣer dda Lmulud, ɣer wid n wass-a, abrid yettkemmil… Da, riɣ a sen-rreɣ tajmilt i yat tesdawit n Bgayet imi d nutni i d-yezgan i lmendad n tannanin i ubaɣur iselmaden n tmaziɣt yeḍran di 1995; wamag lemmer ur d-giren ara iman-nsen, lemmer ǧǧin annar i userwet n menwala, yili ass am wass-a ad yewḥel wexlul di lɣiḍa! Ɣas yella cwiṭ lixṣaṣ di kra ilugan yecban addad amaruz, maca, mačči d ayen yellan d taxeṣṣart neɣ d agejdur.\nAss-a, aql-i zwareɣ-d seg kra iwellihen yerzan addad amaruz, ayagi d tiririt i yesteqsiyen n watmaten-nneɣ dda Muḥend akk d Meẓyan; ayen-nniḍen “imesla, tamsertit, … “ mazal lxir ar zdat.\nTamawt: Abaɣur a d-yettili s tira d tɣuri akk d useqdec ilugan-a, wamag iwellihen-agi iman-nsen kan ur yelli kra ara d-awin. Aql-aɣ nezga negguni isteqsiyen-nwen.\nSγur KRA IWELLIHEN ƔEF WADDAD AMARUZ.\n- D isem (mačči d tanzeɣt, mačči d amyag) i yettbeddilen talɣa; s ubeddel umagrad neɣ n teɣri tamenzut (A>U. A> WE…) neɣ s uɣelluy-ines (“A”).\nAmek i yettbeddil?\nMi ara yili deffir:\n-Wemyag: Yečča wuccen;\n-Tenzeɣt: Deg wexxam;\n- Wemḍan: Yiyet temɣart.\n- Wemqim udmawan (wagi nerna-t-id kan, wamag d amyag i t-id-yessḍefren): Yuzen-it umazan.\nAkk ismawen ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « u » ( d asuf neɣ d asget) a sen-nernu kan « w »( azgen aɣri neɣ azgen n teɣri « w »).\nUccen>wuccen. Uccanen>wuccanen. Ugel>wugel.Uglan>wuglan. Udi>wudi. Ungal>wungalen.Ungalen>wungalen. Ulmu>wulmu…\nYečča-t wuccen. Teḥreci n wuccanen. Yeɣli-yas-d wugel-nni. Ffɣen-d wuglan-nsent. Mellul wudi. Yelha wungal-is. Aṭas wungalen i yura. Ɣezzif wulmu. Llum yellan ɣef wuccen.. Teẓgi zedɣen wuccanen.\nUnti-nsen ur yettbeddi ara talɣa: Tarwa n tuccent; tarwa n tuccanin…\nAddad ilelli: “tuccent”; addad amaruz: “tuccent”.\nAkk ismawen ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « a » deg umalay asuf d wesget; a sen-nernu kan « w »( azgen aɣri neɣ azgen n teɣri « w »).\nAdal (leḥcic n waman)>wadal; Adalen>wadalen; Addal (sport)>waddal; Addalen>waddalen; Azal*(ssuma/Lqima, mačči akud)>wazal. Azalen>wazalen; Allal>wallal; Allalen>wallalen; Ammas>wammas; Ammasen>wammasen; Affar>waffar; Affaren> waffaren; Arraz>warraz; Arrazen>warrazen; Addad>waddad; Addaden>waddaden; Akli>wakli; Aklan>waklan…\nTamda yuli-tt wadal. S wazal-is. S wallalen-is. Yeẓwer deg waddal. Yettleɣwi wammas-ines si ccḍeḥ. Yessa-tt waffar. Acḥal warrazen i s-d-yeḍren? – Yiwen warraz kan. Ur igerrez waddad ideg yella. Amek llan waddaden-nsen? Yemlal d wakli. Ɣur-neɣ ur ttilin waklan…\nTamawt: Akk ismawen n wesget i ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « a » a sen-nernu kan « w »( azgen aɣri neɣ azgen n teɣri « w »).\nAllen>wallen; Aman>waman… “cedhaɣ tukksa n lexrif d waman isemmaḍen”. “Kecmeɣ di lḥebs n wallen-im”.\n* Ur yessefk ara ad nezdi ger wazal (lqima) d uzal (n wakud) deg wasuf neɣ deg wesget-nsen acku mačči yiwen-is deg waddad amaruz:\n1) “Azal-is meqqer> meqqer wazal-is. Azalen-nsen meqqrit> meqqrit wazalen-nsen”.\n2) „Azal qerriḥ>qerriḥ uzal (akli uzal)>Izilan qerriḥit>qerriḥit izilan.\nDda Lmulud At Mɛemmer meqqer wazal-is. D bab n wazalen.\nDeg uzal qayli. Deg izilan d ideflawen.\nAkk ismawen ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « a » deg umalay asuf ; ma teḍfer-it-id yiwet tergalt kan, “ a“ –nni ad yuɣal d “ u“ (“ a“ >“u“ ) deg waddad amaruz.\nAddad ilelli> “a“; addad amaruz>“u“)\nAmaziɣ> umaziɣ; mmi-s umaziɣ.\nAmergu>umergu; yerqem umergu-nni.\nAmezruy>umezru; isem-is yura deg umezruy.\nAmadaɣ>umadaɣ; yerɣa umadaɣ.\nAsget-nsen yettɣimi akken ur yettbeddil ara talɣa “I”>”I”:\nImaziɣen, imerga, imezruyen, imudaɣ.\nAddad ilelli : “imerga”; addad amaruz: “lferg imerga”.\nUnti-nsen yettili-d s uɣelluy n teɣri “I”:\nAddad ilelli: “tamaziɣt”, addad amaruz: “tira n tmaziɣt”.\nAkk ismawen ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « a » deg umalay asuf ; ma ḍefrent-t-id snat tergalin, “ a“ –nni ad yuɣal d “ we“ (“ a“ >“we“ ) deg waddad amaruz.\nAmɣar>wemɣar; yiwen wemɣar.\nAxxam>wexxam; wessiɛ wexxam.\nArgaz>wergaz; yeḥrec weragz.\nAdlis>wedlis; meqqer wedlis-nni.\nAwren*>wewren; yenɣed wewren.\nAsget-nsen, „i“-nni yettuɣal akka“ye“:\nImɣaren>yemɣaren; ixxamen>yexxamen; irgazen>yergazen; idlisen>yedlisen…\nUnti-nsen, yettili-d akka:\nTaxxamt>texxamt; tamɣart>temɣart… tixxamin>texxamin; timɣarin>temɣarin\n* asget n wewren yettuɣal seg waggay-nniḍen, acku yettuɣal s yiwet tergalt kan deffir umagrad: iwernan>iwernan.\nAkk ismawen ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « i » deg umalay asuf ; ma teḍfer-it-id yiwet tergalt kan; “ i“ –nni a sen-nernu kan « y »( azgen aɣri neɣ azgen n teɣri « y »).\nIzi> yizi; itezzi am yizi.\nIɣil>yiɣil; d bab n yiɣil.\nIri>yiri; s yiri-s kan.\nIɣi>yiɣi; udi yettwakkas-d seg yiɣi.\nIlef>yilef; yedderɣel am yilef.\nAsget-nsen yettili-d akka:\nIzan> yizan “zzin-as yizan”.\nMa d unti-nsen yettili-d akka “i>i”, amedya:\nTileft>tileft “tejhed am tileft”.\nAkk ismawen ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « i » deg umalay asuf ; ma ḍefrent-t-id snat tergalin « i » ad yuɣal d “ ye“ (“ a“ >“ye“ ) deg waddad amaruz.\nItbir>yetbir; d urqim am yetbir.\nItri>yetri; ireqq am yetri.\nIbki>yebki; yettǧellib am yebki.\nIgmir>yegmir; isax yegmir.\nIrẓi>yerẓi; yejuǧǧeg yerẓi s izemran-is.\nUla d asget-nsen kif kif-iten:\nItbiren> yetbiren “sin yetbiren”.\nMa d unti-nsen yettili-d akka “i>ye”, amedya:\nTitbirin>tetbirin “cebḥent tetbirin”.\nIsmawen ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « i » deg umalay asuf ; ma myugdant tergalin akk d teɣra, ladɣa ma llant ugar n kraḍet teɣra « i » ad yeqqim akken d\n“ i“ (“ i“ >“i“ ) deg waddad amaruz.\nIlili>ilili; rẓag ilili.\nInisi>inisi; d bu usennan inisi-nni.\nIkerri>ikerri; Ɣur-s acciwen ikerri\nIniɣem>ineɣ; Iḥumm iniɣem.\nInijel>inijel; yeṭṭef-it inijel.\nTamawt: I wakken a d-neṭṭef amaruz-nsen wigi, ur aɣ-iɛerreq ara, ad nesseqdec tanzeɣt “ddaw” (ɣas deg iqerray-nneɣ kan):\nDdaw inijel (d awezɣi neqqar: ddaw yinijel!).\nImaziɣen> imaziɣen “tafsut imaziɣen.\nMa d unti-nsen yettili s uɣelluy n “i”, amedya: Timaziɣin>tmaziɣin.\n1) Ismawen ibeddun s “u” deg umalay, a sen-nernu kan “wa” deg wasuf d wesget-nsen: Udi>wudi; uglan>wuglan…\nUnti-nsen: tuglacin>tuglacin; tungalt>tungalin…\n2) Ismawen ibeddun s “a” deg umalay asuf d wesget, a sen-nernu kan “w” : addad>waddad; addaden>waddaden…\nUnti-nsen: taklit>taklit; taklatin>taklatin…\nWalit dagi daɣen asget n wigi: Arrac>warrac; aman>waman; allen>wallen\n3) Ismawen imalayen ibeddun s “a” deffir-s yiwet tergalt “a>u”:\nAmaziɣ>umaziɣ. Asget-nsen (“i” –nsen) yettɣimi akken:\nUnti-nsen yettli-d s uɣelluy n teɣri: Tamaziɣt>tmaziɣt; tamergut>tmergut.Timaziɣin>tmaziɣin; timerga>tmerga.\n4) Ismawen imalayen ibeddun s “a” deffir-s snat tergalin “a>we”:\nAsget-nsen “i>”ye”: Imrabḍen>yemrabḍen; ifrax>yefrax…\nUnti-nsen, yettili-d akka : Tamrabeṭ>temrabeṭ; tafruxt>tefruxt…\n5) Ismawen ibeddun s tergalin, wigi ttɣimin akken ur ttbeddilen ara, acku d tiɣra i yettbeddilen mačči d tirgalin:\nSeksu>seksu; cilmum>cilmum; ččina>ččina; medden>medden; Seɛdiya>Seɛdiya….\nWid iran ad arun tamaziɣt s yiwet talɣa, ulac deg-s tisuraf am tutlayin akk nniḍen, ahat ad afen da tisuraf i wumi ur zmiren a tent-kksen:\nImi amaziɣ>umaziɣ; axxam>uxxam; ungal>ungal…\nAcuɣer ttarun ihi: Arrac>warrac? Tamziɣt>tmaziɣt? Taxxamt>texxamt?.. acimi ur ten-ttarun ara akk s yiwet talɣa?!\nI wigi amek ara sen-neg ihi?Acimi ur beddlen ara talɣa, ttwaɛqalen kan deg weḍris : tala>tala; taddart>taddart; tuddar>tuddar…\nYelha dɣa ma nessegra-d kra n tefyir umedyaz Ḥmed Leḥlu:\n“Wigi d isefra (dagi d iwellihen)\nKra seg ilugan-a yerzan addad amaruz yefra-ten yakan dda Lmulud deg tjerrumt-ines; wiyaḍ yefra-ten Ḥamid Ḥamuma deg wedlis uselmed i d-yessufeɣ deg useggas 1987. Kra nniḍen daɣen a ten-naf deg iwellihen i d-yettak Kamal N At Ẓerrad.\nLlan wid i d-yesnulfan kra ilugan, ladɣa deg iseggasen n 90 ngum iwellihen-nni n “ INALCO”; amedya n Yidir Ḥmed Zayed:\nMaca, segmi tekcem akka tmaziɣt iɣerbazen, bdan ttbanen-d ilugan n tira yezdin.\nAzul a Ṭaglal, d acu i d anamek n "ngum" ?\n"i" amedya: d "i"setma, d ta"y"setmatin, neqqar daγen d tatmatin neγ d tayetmatin! weltma,\nam ay atmaten neγ ay ayetmaten, ma akka ara ttwarun, neγ uhu? tanemmirt,\nazul a Meẓyan, nekk akken gziγ awal ngum, anamek-is =qbel, neγ send, amedya: ngum timsirin i d-yettakk Ṭaglal, ulac wara nesseqsi amek i ttwarun wawalen-agi deg γ-ikkat wugur (atan daγen ikeccem-iyi ccek ma s yiwen neγ s sin n "l" ara t-aruγ)\nAzul, tanemmirt a Muḥend,\nAkken ten-ssneγ ttwarun akka : "yessetma", "tiyessetmatin", "ayetma", "atmaten".\nTamawt : "tiyessetmatin" llan wid i t-yettarun akka : "tiyestmatin" !\nTanemmirt ay atmaten !\nSγur Birkus n Tiwal\nAzul fell-awen ay atmaten. S tussda i kečč a Ṭaglal.\nAcḥal aya ssarameγ d akken ad yas wass anda ad issineγ tira n teqbaylit, ad aruγ aḍris war tucḍa. maca anect-a yakk i ban-iyi-d d awezγi. Acku qqaṛeγ d yiman-iw: yewεeṛ lḥal imi ilugan-is mačči d wid fessusen. yernu ur nesεi ẓher ad nlal cwiya zik i wakken a tt-nγeṛ γuṛ Dda Lmulud, naγ (neγ?!!) ad nεeṭṭel i wakken a tt-nγer di lakul.\nTura kan i zemreγ ad iniγ ula d nekk sεiγ ẓher tura, imi Ṭaglal a-ta-n (atan?) da. tanemmirt-ik a Ccix.\nGm: Riγ a k-d-fkeγ kra n isteqsiyen maca urεad ur kfiγ s tγuri tidmiwin-nwen. ugadeγ ad tili tririt deg-sent, ad baneγ am win i teffẓen aman.\n“Ngum” = “qbel” akken i t-id-yemla Meẓyan, a dda Muḥ. Daɣen “yessetma”, tiyessetmatin” akken t-id-yenna Meẓyan. Kra seg yismawen-agi n timmarewt, yal wa amek ten-yeqqar. Tegra-d di tira, yessefk kan ad nẓer d acu nettaru… amedya:\nMa neqqar “atmaten”, a t-naru akka mi ara s-nernu tanzeɣt usiwel “ ay atmaten”; ma neqqar akka “ayetmaten”, a t-naru akka mi ara s-nernu tanzeɣt usiwel “ ay ayetmaten”.\nAtan amek ara naru sin wawalen-agi ideg tzegleḍ a dda Muḥend:\n“ ulac wara nesseqsi” = ulac wi (“wi” seg win) ara nesteqsi (neɣ nesseqsi) ( “wi” akk d “ara” i yettuɣalen d “wara”. Ulac wi ara nesteqsi.).\n“wawalen-agi deg γ-ikkat” = ideg i ɣ-yekkat wugur/ deg i ɣ-yekkat wugur.\nTamawt: ssurfet-iyi, ula d neck yeewt-iyi wugur, ilmend n kra n tuccḍiwin i giɣ deg tira, yecban “tamziɣt”=tamaziɣt.\nṬaglal yewwet ṭaglal\nAzulen akk fell-went/akent/ fell-awen.\nNewwi-tt-id amzun akken d asqecmeɛ kan, taggara-s tger aẓar, tuɣ; nessaram dɣa a d-tefk agummu (lfakya), abeḥri, tili…\nTegra-d deg wayen d-yenna gma-tneɣ Birkus n Tiwal ( niqal nniɣ-d daɣen „dda Akli Qbayli“ imi ula d netta si Tiwal; ula d netta d amdan nḥemmel, nettqadar, nettɛuzzu… i yuklalen aṭas n tejmilin, aṭas n tnemmirin… Dɣa ad nfareṣ tagnit-a i ɣ-d-yettunefken akken a s-nbudd tazmert d tudert ɣezzifen.) akk d imeslayen-is ucbiḥen, I d-yettaken afud ula i win yellan d ameɛlal; dɣa a s-nerr xerṣum ula d cwiṭ seg ureṭṭal, wamag lxir-is ur tessiriden isaffen (akka i nessen taqbaylit)!\n1) Ula d nekk akka am kečč, acḥal i ssugmeɣ ad mlileɣ d umusnaw aneggru “DDA LMULUD”, a wi t-yemlalen xerṣum ula di tnafa! Maca, d netta i ɣ-d-yemlan d akken yal tagnit s yemdanen-ines… yedreg dda Lmulud, nemlal d inelmaden-ines: Yidir Ḥmed Zayed, Meṣṭafa Ben Xemmu, ɛebdennur ɛebdesslam, Ssaɛid Seɛdi ( s yisem-is d amyaru), d Ferḥat … nemlal daɣen d imusnawen i yecban Kamal N at Ẓerrad i ɣ-yesslemden, i ɣ-iwellhen… “Tamusni mačči d awrat” ( i yenna dda Lmulud), d ayla n kra n wi tt-yettqelliben; tamaziɣt ur yettwaḥerrem seg-s ula yiwen: d argaz neɣ d tameṭṭut…\n2) Taqbaylit aql-ik tettaruḍ-tt akken yessefk, aya tuklaleḍ fell-as leqder. Isteqsiyen-inek anṣuf yes-sen, ulayɣer akk aḥebber, axemmem, aḥezzeb d tiwin d tririt… ayen i k-yellan deg wul ini-t-id… anagar s waya ara nnefsusint tmeddicin d tyersiwin (di tidet “tikersiwin” acku tekka-d seg wemyag “kres”, mačči “yres”). U yernu anagar aya swayes ara naweḍ ɣer tegzi ilugan n tira , wamag timsirin neɣ iwellihen kan iman-nsen d iḥerfiyen ur yelli swayes ara d-glun (am win iceṭṭḥen di tallest neɣ di ṭṭlam).\n3) Tewwi-yi-d tedmi-w: ulac almad neɣ almud yugaren asemrs neɣ aseqdec n tira, imi anagar aya i d tifrat, wamag ayen-nniḍen akk s ufella kan i d-yerna.\nI tikkelt-nniḍen: anṣuf s yesteqsiyen-nwent/nwen. Ayen nessen nemmal-it, ayen ur nessin nettqellib-it.\nTanemmirt i kra n tin d win i yettsekkiden (ula d asekked kan) tiɣmert-a; tanemmirt ula i wid ara s-yinin “ atan daɣen…!”\nAwer nerwel zdat n tigin n wawwar (lwaǧeb); awer nɣull s wayen nessen, awer d aɣ-yeɛreq lɣerḍ…\nAnṣuf γer da a Birkus n Tiwal, ma tẓerreḍ Akli Qbayli /Azwawi, ssiweḍ-as azul d ameqqran. Ur t-ssineγ ur i yi-yessin, γriγ\nimagraden-ines ideg i γ-inehhu akken ad nelmed tira u ad nettmeslay s teqbaylit di yal tagnit, d yedlisen yuran, ideg lemdeγ taγuri d waṭas n wawalen. Ssarameγ a d-yernu amaynut, acku anagar ayen yelhan i γ-d-yettawi.\nTanemmirt a Ṭaglal i tikkelt-nniḍen γef temsirin.\nTuttra i Ṭaglal neγ i wid iḥercen am netta !\nAmek i yessefk a naru, "ur i yi-yessin neγ "ur iyi-yessin ?\nD wis-sin-nni i yemmden "ur iyi-yessin", nezmer daγen a t-naru war "i" akka: "ur yi-yessen"; am wakken nettaru:\nUr k-yessin neγ ur ak-yessin.\nTanemmirt γef tririt a Ṭaglal.\nazul a Ṭaglal a Meẓyan a Birkus n Tiwal\n"ngum" mačči akken i t-id-yemla Meẓyan, winna d aseqsi-ines, acku nekk daγen lemdeγ kra n wawalen i d-yeqqar Kamal Nat Zerrad. Maca akken ttwaliγ, yuεer γef wemdan yettmeslay kan tutlayt, war ma yekcem ar uγerbaz a tt-yelmed di temẓi-s, mačči am sin ma ttmeslayen waygar-asen udem ar udem, ad ttemwalin ar ifassen d icenfirren, dinna ulac ccek ad gzun ayen i d-qqaren, dinna daγen akken i s-yenna Dda Sliman, qbel a d-teldiḍ imi-k, ay ẓriγ acu tebγiḍ, aεewiq daγen, imi ulac amawal deg i nezmer a d-nekkes awalen ixussen, llant tikwal neγ tikkal? ḥebseγ din din deg tira, ma ur ssineγ ara awal, neγ ur ssineγ, amek ara taruγ, yella ccek aṭas n wagulen di tzabut-agi-inu! a Ṭaglal, a k-inniγ tanemmirt-ik imi i γ-tettedduḍ di lebγi, yella Yakuc ad ak-id-yerr alluγ-is.\nssureft-iyi ccḍeγ, riγ ad aruγ "alluγ-ik"\nAzul fell-awen, a Muḥend ma ulac uγilif, a k-d-mleγ amek giγ i wakken a d-ttmektiγ tira n wawalen, awalen akk ur ssineγ ger wid i γ-d-yemla Ṭagal, uriγ-ten deg ufaylu word, ssyen mi stufaγ, tgeγ iluγma, ttaruγ-ten di lkaγeḍ, yal awal ideg cukkeγ, sseqdaceγ-t di tefyirt, tikkelt tamezwarut ad waliγ γer wayen uriγ deg ufaylu, tikkelt tis-snat ad εerḍeγ a t-aruγ war ma ssakdeγ γur-s, wissen ma ad teffeγ fell-ak, nekk akka ay tgeγ.\nSsarameγ ur giγ ara aṭas n wagulen deg tedmi-yagi !\nAzul a Muḥend,\nΣerḍeγ ad sseγtiγ agulen i ufiγ di tedmi-yagi d-tesserseḍ usawen.\nAkken i t-turiḍ------> akken i yessefk ad yettwaru, ma zegleγ atan εemmdeγ-as i Ṭaglal ad iyi-yebbi imeẓẓuγen-iw !\nAmek ara taruγ------>amek ara t-aruγ\nA k-inniγ------>a k-iniγ\ni γ-tettedduḍ------>i γ-ttedduḍ\narmi i ten-tesseγtiḍ, i n-walaγ agulen yellan, ladγa "amek ara t-aruγ" yerna niqalt ssneγ a t-aruγ, d tuccda kan, ssuref-iyi a Ṭaglal, ma d amyag "ddu" deg wasuf n udem wis-sin, dagi di ccek a Meẓyan, assefti-ines, wissen ma mačči akka?\nttedduγ, tettedduḍ!, yetteddu, tetteddu, netteddu, tetteddum, tetteddumt, tteddun, tteddunt. ad neğğ aselmad a d-yefk tifrat-is.\nIhi, awal-nni « ngum »=« qbel » akken i t-yemla dda Muḥend i Meẓyan, mačči akken t-yemla uneggaru-ya i umezwaru. Ssuref-aγ kan a dda Muḥend.\nAyen yesseγti Meẓyan i dda Muḥend, igerrez akk ; yerbeḥ, yufa-t.\nAmyag « ddu » deg talγa tussidt, atah wamek ara t-nessefti a dda Muḥend :\nTedduγ, ttedduḍ, iteddu, tteddu, nteddu, tteddum, tteddumt, teddun, teddunt.\nMi ara mlilen wudmawen n tseftit „t“ akk d yemyagen ibeddun s „t“ di talγa tussidt, ttuγalen akka:\nt+tedduḍ, t+teddu, t+teddum, t+teddumt… acku wali udmawen ur nbeddu s „t“ amek yettili wemyag deg ufeggag-ines: tedduγ, iteddu,teddun, teddunt.\nUgur-a mačči sγur-k i d-yekka a dda Muḥend, imi ula d kra imusnawen akk d imesdawiyen ttarun-t daγen akka „tettedduḍ“. Maca, yelha kan ma zemren a d-rren i westeqsi-yagi:\nYiwen „t“ n talγa tussidt n wemyag, wis-sin „t“ d udem n tseftit; i wayeḍ „t“-nniḍen ansi d-yekka?!\nIhi, akk imyagen yecban „ddu>teddu, kkes>tekkes… a ten-nettaru akka:\nTekkseγ, ttekkseḍ, itekkes, ttekkes, ntekkes, ttekksem, ttekksemt, tekksen, tekksent.\nAtnad ihi wudmawen n tseftit i wumi ara nrennu kan ifeggagen n wemyag:\nAfeggag n wemyag “tekkes”+udmawen n tseftit.\nD acu-t wawal “alluγ”, a dda Muḥend?\nTamawt : simmal ara d-nernu kra ilugan, γas ur ttcuḥḥut ara s yesteqsiyen-nwen.\nAzul a Ṭaglal, azul fell-awen akk, yal wa s yisem-is.\nAsteqsi i riγ a k-t-in-fkeγ d wa : ma tezmreḍ a γ-temleḍ ibeddillen i d-yellan deg ilugan n tira, ussan yezrin, greγ-d tamawt γef yisem-ik, nniγ-ak ẓriγ-t deg wungal-nni Ğamal Benεuf yettwaru s sin "ṭ", kečč tenniḍ-iyi-d d akken Kamal N At Ẓerrad, yenna-yawen-d γas a t-tekksem si tira, temmeslayeḍ-d daγen γef wawalen i d-yekkan seg wemyag "issin", amussnaw, atg...\nIhi ma yella wamek ? A γ-d-ternuḍ imedyaten n wawalen i ibeddlen deg tira ?\nTanemmirt yessden !\nRiγ ad aruγ "tzemreḍ" mačči "tezmreḍ", ssuref-iyi.\n"ibeddilen" mačči "ibeddillen", dagi d aḍad-iw i itekkan sin iberdan γef usekkil "L", mačči nekk, d anasiw i yi-tt-igan !!!!!\ntanemmirt a Ṭaglal γef ussegzi-yagi n wemyag ddu,\nawal-a (alluγ=lxir) uffiγ-t deg tsuret angugu n wakal, d tassuqelt n Kamal Nat Zerrad,"win igan taẓeyt n tweṭṭuft n walluγ a tt-iẓer, win igan taẓeyt n tweṭṭuft n wuhuḍ a tt-iẓer,\nMa ur zgileγ, ad iniγ kečč seg wid yeqqaren imagraden n Tiddukla Tadelsant Imedyazen, acku greγ tamawt, tettaruḍ akka : "assefti", "assegzi",... atg. Ula d nekk lliγ qqareγ imagraden-nsen, rriγ-ten d amedya, imi di tallit-nni anagar ayen d-ttarun i yellan di internet s tagi-nneγ, neγ γas llan wiyaḍ, maca, imiren ur ten-ssineγ ara.\nSegmi ṭṭafareγ timsirin-agi n Ṭaglal, ufiγ mačči akken i yessefk a ten-naru, d acu tenniḍ deg waya a Muḥend ?\nAzul fell-awen ay imdukal.\na Ṭaglal a gma, riγ a k-steγsiγ: amek ara naru\n<dina neγ din-a> ?\n<a k-t-in-aruγ neγ a k-t-id-aruγ>?\n<Mi ara naru, m'ara naru neγ ma ara naru>?\nSuref-iyi a Ṭaglal, ula d nek ṭeglilliγ, imi lemmer γriγ akken i wata tidmiwin-a tili ad afeγ belli nettaru <Mi ara> ulac <ma ara>.\nDacu kan ur ẓriγ ara ma yella nezmer a naru <M'ara> !\nd tidet ayen akka d-tenniḍ a Meẓyan, qqareγ daγen idlisen nniḍen, maca yal yiwen amek gan ilugan-is n tira, mačči aṭas aya i bdiγ ttgeγ-d iwenniten deg wesmel-a, ihi ma zegleγ awal ttxil-k tiniḍ-t-id amek yettwaru, amedya: assefti, assegzi,\nAsefti, asegzi a Muḥend, akka ara d-iniγ, maca tifrat attan γer Ṭaglal, d aselmad, yuklal leqder.\nI Birkus n Tiwal\n« Apostrophe” ur yessefk ad nebḍu yes-s awal di tmaziγt, akka i yi-t-id-yenna Kamal. Ihi, tewwi-d ad naru akka: “mi ara” mačči akka “m’ara”. Ula d “ara” n tibawt daγen a t-naru akka: “ur yečči ara” mačči akka “ ur yečč’ara” neγ “ur yečči’ara” neγ “ur yečči’ra yessefk ad naru akk afeggag n wemyag, daγen akk tibawt.\nGer tamawt: ad naru “ara” mačči “yara”, mačči “wara” ; yessefk ad naru: “ur yečči ara, ur yeswi ara” ur yessefk ad naru akka “ur yečči wara”, neγ “ur yečči yara”.\n“ Wara” d taγawsa, akka i t-yenna dda Lmulud. “wara” am wakken d “kra”.\nUr yessefk daγen a s-nettbeddil afeggag i wemyag, ladγa ma ur d aγ-terri tmara, amedya:\nTigwti n yemyagen ttfakan akk s „i“ deg yibaw (terri), ur yessfk a sen-nettbeddil, a ten-nettarra d „a“ (terra).\nWalit da amayag “err” deg yzri ilaw d yezri ibaw:\nTerriḍ> ur terriḍ\nYerra>ur yerri (mačči ur yerra)\nTerra>ur terri (mačči ur terra)\nNerra>ur nerri (mačči ur nerra)\nTerram>ur terrim (mačči ur terram)\nTerramt>ur terrimt (mačči ur terramt)\nRran>ur rrin (mačči ur rran)\nRrant>ur rrint (mačči ur rran)\nG.M : afeggag n wemyag-a « err » di sin wudmawen (amenzu d wis-sin) deg yezri ilaw d wa « rri » , ma di akk udmawen-nniḍen d wa « rra » . Maca, deg yezri ibaw akk udmawen d wa « rri » i d afeggag-ines. I wesmekti kan : Afeggag n wemyag yettbeddil ilmend n wakud akk d tewsit, mačči am uẓar, ur yettbeddil.\nKra iluγma : (netta) ur yuri ; (nettat) ur tenwi ; (nekkni) ur nufi ; (nekkenti) ur nebni ; kunwi) ur tenγim ; (kunemti) ur tennimt ; (nutni) ur jbin ; (nutenti) ur mlint….\n« Ur ufin ara » mačči « ur ufan ara». « Ur yenni ara » mačči « ur yenna’ra, mačči ur yenn’ ara, mačči ur yenni yara, mačči ur yenni wara » .\nAtan wamek yelha : « Ur yenni neγ ur yenni ara ».\nA γ-yessuref dda Sεid imi d-nerfed kra n wawalen seg yiwet tedmi-s, a tt-id-nefk d aluγmu ( “lemmer » dagi d yiwet si talγiwin n tibawt, am « leεmer, werǧin… ») :\n"Tamusni ulac anwa i tt-yugin a Ğamal a gma lemmer tt-nufa."\nAsteqsi: Awal “ nufa” i yessefken da, neγ “nufi” i yessefken?\n* Tifrat d tinna d-temliḍ a Meẓyan, mačči γur-i ay tella. “ Asefti, aseγti, asufeγ, asegzi…. Mačči assefti, asseγti, assufeγ, assegzi.\nAyen-nniḍen i wass-nniḍen. Tanemmirt\nTiririt-iw i Ṭaglal : "Tamusni ulac anwa i tt-yugin a Ğamal a gma lemmer tt-nufi."\n<Lemmer tt-neẓri, lemmer tt-neldi, lemmer tt-neγri, lemmer tt-nuri>.\nazul a Ṭaglal, a Meẓyan, a Birkus, d wiyaḍ, d tiyaḍ nniḍen,\n"ara"n ibaw, ur yettwaru ara, akka"yara" acimi? i s-nsel ihi i "y" imi ara t-nγer, amdya: ur d-yusi ara, ma d asaγ yellan kan ger "i" d "a" i d-yttakken "y"?\naseqsi-inu, amek ara naru, amyag ili deg yezri ilaw, amdya: amek tellam, ma tgerrzem tẓewrem, acku llan daγen wid yeqqaren amek tellim ma tgerrzem tẓewrem,\nilaq ad nissin amek ara naru awalen-agi n weslufi "leḥdaqa" i wakken ad nbudd asirem ilmend useggas-agi amaynut Imaziγen,\nssureft-iyi riγ ad aruγ "i d-yettakken" mačči i d-yttakken\nUla d nekk ad farṣeγ tagnit-a akken ad buddeγ aseggas ameggaz i yal yiwet d yal yiwen i d-irezzfen γer wesmel-a. Ssarameγ ad yili d aseggas ara d-yeglun s wayen akk yelhan : tazmert, talwit, tayri, tagmat d waṭas ujuğğeg i tutlayt d yedles-nneγ.\nSimmal ara d-nernu kra iwellihen, riγ a s-iniγ i dda Muḥend: “aseγti>useγti, mačči “usseγti”. Nwiγ tegziḍ ayen d-nniγ γef uzellum n wemyag (talγa aswaγ): γas ma nura azellum n wemyag s snat “ss” (ssekcem…) , maca isem a t-nettaru s yiwen “s” kan: asekcem, asufeγ, asenqed, aseqdec…(mačči “assekcem, assufeγ, assenqed, asseqdec…) Tanemmirt\nTamawt: Ussan-a ad ak-n-rreγ γef wayen d-testeqsaḍ a dda Muḥend, acku ur riγ ad sṭuqteγ fell-ak alamma ẓẓayet fell-ak tεekkemt.\ntanemmirt a Ṭaglal, s wawal-ik aẓidan juğğugen wulawen, akk d tutlayt tmaziγt, aseggas ameggaz i kečč daγen, ssarameγ d aseggas ara d-yeglun s wayen akk yelhan: talwit, tazmert, d wussan n tumert, i yal wid d tid i d-irezzun ar wesmel-a\nAzul fell-awen sumata (neγ s umata?)\nIlmend n tisin n useggas amaynut, ad awen-ssirmeγ aseggas n tumert, n tezmert, n tayri akk d telwit tagensut.\nTanemmirt-nwen s waṭas γef tidmiwin-a. Ad snimmereγ s wudem amaẓlay mass Ṭaglal γef temsirin-a. sarameγ d akken ur ḥḥebsent ara.\nsεiγ kra n tuttriwin, ha-tent-a:\n- amek ara nessefti amyag "εeddi"?\n- a naru: <cil kra yellan> neγ <cil "n" kra yellan> ?\n- a naru: <s daxel> neγ < s zdaxel>?\nAzul fell-awen, riγ ad buddeγ aseggas ameggaz i tid d wid yettarun deg wesmal-a, daγen i tid d wid i d-irezzun γur-s.\nSγur “Aseggas ameggaz”\nAzul fell-awen akk,\n« Yennayer ameggaz » nbudd-it d win ara d-yeglun s ubaγur i yal yiwet d yal yiwen seg-neγ; nessaram daγen: afud d tezmert i temsalt-agi-nneγ akk d wesmel-a dγa, imi d yiwen seg wallalen i wesnerni d usenfel n tmaziγt s umata, taqbaylit ladγa.\nSγur Gedha s Meẓyan\nSsurfet-iyi kan ay atmaten, imi mačči d tarewla neγ d tiǧǧin i ken-ǧǧiγ, d astufu kan ur stufaγ, daya.\nTamenzut, d acrah cerheγ nezzeh nezzeh s weḍris-nni yeddmen azwel-a “AWAL N YENNAYER 2059“ i wumi yules tira gma-tneγ Meẓyan. S tidet kan, ur yettaf wemdan ara d-yessukes seg-s d agulen deg tira; ay akken ira yani-t! Tisri ara d-nekkes seg waya:\nilugan n tmaziγt ur shilen, ur uεiren, d tamsalt n wegzay ilugan n tira kan, daya. Annect-a yessutur-d cwiṭ n wakud, tallit temgerrad ger wemdan d wayeḍ, maca win iran ad yissin anagar tiwwḍin ara yaweḍ.\nSγur Azul a dda Muḥend\nAwal nezwar-d seg-s yakan, d netta i d inziz i d-yeẓẓuγren tamsalt n temlilit n teγra.\nUγal kan cwiṭ i usawen, ad tafeḍ tiririt ibanen am tafukt di tegna; d acu kan ma tdel-itt tfawet-nni usigna, attan ihi i tikkelt-nniḍen: anda ara mlilent snat teγra, a γ-d-fkent “y” neγ “w” neγ ayen i wumi semman imusnawen “azgenaγri (azgen n teγri)”: amedya d-tefkiḍ kečč a dda Muḥend: “ ur d-yusi ara” d timlilit n “i” akk d “a” i d-yefkan “y”, daya. Tegra-d deg usiwel d tmeslayt n yemdanen, ayagi d ayen yefren ugama i yal tameslayt ur nettwaru ara… Yiwen ur yezmir ad yesfeḍ ccwami igiman iseggasen n timawit; yernu lemmer mačči d aya yili tettwačč ass-a tmeslayt-nneγ!\nSsugen (xayel)-d yid-i a dda Muḥend, lemmer a s-iniγ i baba yesεan ugar n sebεin iseggasen deg usemmud-is: A baba, aql-ik tesserwateḍ kan! Taqbaylit-agi-inek tezleg! Teqqareḍ taggurt i “tewwurt” i d-yekken seg wawal “wert”, teqqareḍ yeggeḍ i “yewweḍ” i d-yekkan seg wemyag “aweḍ”, teqqareḍ aceggaḍ i “acewwaḍ” i d-yekkan seg wemyag “cweḍ”….\nAwal amenzu ara yi-d-yini d wa: yekker-d wefrux yesselqaḍ baba-s!\nIhi, ayen yellan d awal, a t-neǧǧ d awal, ula d nekkni yessefk ad nesseḥraṣ kan γef tira, mačči γef tmeslayt n yiles kan.\nAmyag “ili” deg yizri ilaw d wa :“tellam” ur yessefk a t-naru “tellim” γas qqaren-t “tellim”, acimi? D wagi ay d afeggag-ines, d wagi ay d alugen. Yernu γas steqsi wid yeqqaren “tellim” ma zemren a d-inin “ nekkni nelli”? Ihi, imi ur nezmir ad naru „nelli“, daγen ur nezmir ad naru „tellim“ (deg wayen yerzan izri ilaw).\nTamawt: ttḥadar iman-ik deg tira n wawal-a „ tutlayt n tmaziγt“ i tettaruḍ „tutlayt tmaziγt“ ayagi mačči kan da, ula deg tedmiwin-inek i qqareγ seddaw yeḍrisen yettilin deg wesmel. Acku ma ur turiḍ „n“-nni neγ tazelγa n wayla, ur tseεεu kra unamek: d „n“-nni i d-yemmalen n wanta-tt tutlayt-nni „tutlayt/tmaziγ, acuγer i tuγal d amaruz lemmer mačči d „n“-nni? D ayagi i wumi qqaren tamsertit, i yerwin taqbaylit, iγef ara d-nawi ussan-a. Ula d gma-tneγ Ayirat (Ṭ.B) iga-t deg wezwel „ timsirin tmaziγt“ ( i yessefk ad yaru akka“timsirin n tmaziγt“ i iga d azwel i temsirin d-yessers deg weblug-ines!\nLlan kra imesla akk d tergalin i itetten wiyaḍ, yecban: „d“ (aggaγ) itett „t“ azenzaγ, amedya: deg wawal: d-nniḍ> Di tira: d-tenniḍ. „N“ yettarra « R,F,L,T » d ussiden, maca, iγebbu netta (d tagi ay d tamsertit) :\nN+r=r-r : Awal n Rebbi (deg wawal akka : « awal r-Rebbi » ;\nN+f=f-f : Argaz n Faḍma ( deg wawal akka : Argaz f-Faḍma) ;\nN+l=l-l : Aman n lebḥer (deg wawal akka : « Aman l-lebḥer ») ;\nN+t=t-t: Tira n tmaziγt (deg wawal akka : tira t-tmaziγt) ;…\nAhat ssugteγ fell-ak awal, a dda Muḥ ?!\nSγur Azul a Birkus\nAzul a Birkus,\nSsarameγ kan ur treffuḍ, mi ara neεreḍ a k-n-sseγti agulen ara tgeḍ deg tira, imi dayagi kan i d allal yifen akk allalen n welmad.\n“ay imdukal”> ay imeddukal, acku seg “ddukel”.\n“dina neγ din-a” a t-naru akka: din neγ dinna, am ssyen d ssyenna… wigi d imerna n wadeg.\nLlan i sin, maca, yal yiwen s tnila-ines. “D” neγ “id” d tanila n win/wid d-yettmeslayen, “n” neγ “in” d tanila n win neγ wid i wumi nettmeslay… d acu kan d “d” kan i yettwassnen, wamag “n” anagar aẓi n Tizi-Wezzu i tt-yesseqdacen akk di Tmazγa.\nSimmal ara tuγaleḍ γer wayen d-nenna usawen γef tzelγa n tnila, a d-iniγ kan: d tamezwarut i yessefken i unamek i triḍ ad tessqedceḍ: a k-t-in-aruγ ( γer tnila n win i wumi tettmeslayeḍ).\nTamawt: Mačči “a naru”>ad naru.\nSγur Awer lemziya-w.\nAzul i tikkelt-nniḍen a BIRKUS,\nSsuref-iyi imi ur d ak-n-ttarraγ s talqayt i tuttriwin-inek, maca, ssya d afella a n-uγaleγ γur-sent.\nAnaḍ aḥerfi: εeddi, εeddit,εeddimt.\nAnaḍ ussid ilaw: ttεeddi, ttεeddit, ttεeddimt.\nAnaḍ ussid ibaw: a s-nernu kan "ur" di tazwara akk d "ara" di taggara i wanaḍ ussid ilaw.\nUrmir aḥerfi+tazelγa n yimal= imal:\nad εeddiγ, ad tεeddiḍ, ad iεeddi, ad tεeddi, ad nεeddi, ad tεeddim, ad tεeddimt, ad εeddin, ad εeddint.\nIBAW: Wali urmir ussid ibaw.\nUrmir ussid ilaw: ttεeddiγ, tettεeddiḍ, yettεeddi, tettεeddi, nettεeddi, tettεeddim, tettεeddimt, ttεeddin, ttεeddint.\nUrmir ussid ibaw: A s-nernu kan "ur" d "ara" i wurmir ussid ilaw, ad yuγal d ibaw.\nIzri ilaw: εeddaγ, tεeddaḍ, iεedda, tεedda, nεedda, tεeddam, tεeddamt, εeddan, εeddant.\nIzri ibaw: Di talγa-yagi, a s-nernu kan "ur" d "ara" i yezri ilaw, ad yuγal d ibaw.\n"ccil" mačči "cil" acku cfiγ fell-as, yella deg umawal s unamek-agi "malgré". Tegra-d deg unamek i nra a s-nefk? Tifrat-is d ta: a t-id-nessers zdat tenzeγt i t-yugdan di teqbaylit, ssyen a t-naru akken.\nA t-naru "sdaxel" neγ "zdaxel", mačči "s daxel", mačči" s zdaxel".\nTamawt: a naru>ad naru.\nAd snimmereγ > ad snemmreγ.\nSumata> s umata (ilmend n tenzeγt-nni dγa "s" i yuγal d amaruz, wamag netta d "amata neγ amatu".\nAzul fell-ak a Ṭaglal.\nTanemmirt d tameqrant imi yi-d-terriḍ γef tuttriwin-iw, maca mazal yella cwiṭ n tagut s nnig n wallaγ-iw..mst. urεad ur gziγ akken iwata.\n1- deg temnaḍt-nneγ, deg Tiwal, mačči akken i nesseftay amyag "εeddi" deg urmir ussid. nekni neqqar: tεeddayeγ (mačči tεeddiγ).\n2- mas Laḥsen Seryak yettaru ''cil" mačči "ccil"(akka i t-ufiγ deg umawal-is).\nsεiγ iγeblan nniḍen di tira, ha-ten-a kra imedyaten:\namek ad naru:\n- ara ad aruγ neγ ara yaruγ ????\n- i yexemmem neγ i yxemmem?\nsuref-iyi aqli-n di twuri, umbeεd a k-d-rnuγ tuttriwin nniḍen. sya ar imir-n, a k-ğğeγ di talwit\nḤṣiγ ur teqqarem ara « tt (ts) » deg temnaṭ n At Maεuc, maca yessefk ad naru amyag deg wurmir ussid s « tt ».\nTtuγ ur d ak-n-nniγ d akken amyag « εeddi » deg wurmir ussid γur-s snat talγiwin, am kra n yemyagen-nniḍen, yecban : « bdel>beddel/ttbeddil. Daγen amyag εeddi>ttεeddi/ttεedday (maca, mačči « tεeddi »imi wagi d talγa taḥerfit n wemyag-nniḍen : tεeddi (ḥqer)> ttetεedday ( awer netεeddi ula γef yiwen !) .\nTalγa taḥerfit n wemyag « εeddi (zri), tussidt-ines « ttεeddi neγ ttεedday ; ma d talγa taḥerfit n wemyag « tεeddi », tussidt-ines : « tettεedday ».\nTesmektaḍ-iyi-d s usefru-nni n Ccix Muḥend Welḥusin, i wumi yerna kra Si Muḥ, yecna-t:\n“Yettetεedday γef medden\nWin akken i icehwan temγer\nYeḥseb iman-is nnig-sen\nUr igi azal i leqder\nYiwen akken d amdan yesεa\nΓef lǧib-is i yettkel\nYezwi γef wudem-is leḥya\nYekker Ccix a s-imel\nAd tedduγ ad ttweṣiγ\nYenṭeq Ccix yenna-yas\nA win yettεeddin tilas\nBerka-k lḥedd d uqisi\nΓur Rebbi fran akk lumur\nAd ak-hudden d akersi\nA win iγef yeshel walluy\nḤader iman-ik di trusi”\n“Ccil „ mačči „cil“ akka i yella deg „Amawal n tmaziγt tatrart“ i gan: Yeḥyawi, Σmer Ẓenṭer, Meṣṭafa Ben Xemmu seddaw tecḍaṭ n dda Lmulud. Tegra-d deg Mass (“Mass” akka i yella deg Wareǧlan/Waregla, mačči mas) Leḥsen Seryak, akken i ira yaru-t! Nekk, amdan-a ur t-ssineγ alammi d 1999, asmi d-yeffeγ a d-ibedd γer yidis n Butefliqa d wamek sliγ yes-s. Akin akk yella d aqemqum di teγlift ugensu (n daxel). Annect-a mačči d agnu, acku a wi yufan ula d Butefliqa ad yettaru s tmaziγt; maca, awer d ayi-d-yaf wassen ideg ara yi-d-imel Nureddin Yazid Ẓerhuni tamaziγt!\n- ara d aruγ (mačči ara yaruγ).\n- i ixemmem\nTamawt: Wali i usawen, ad tafeḍ tiririt γef wayen d-testeqsayeḍ akka.\nAzul fell-ak a mass Ṭaglal,\nsuref-iyi yewwet-iyi wugur. d nek i yeccḍen mačči d Mass Laḥsen Seryak. acku ula d netta yura-t daγen s ussid.\ntanemmirt-ik γef usegzi-ynek.\nRiγ daγen a k-sseqsiγ (γas d amawal) amek a d-nini 999 999 s teqbaylit? i wawal "tawinest" anamek-is d 100 neγ d "tafyirt", neγ isnin d inumak-is?\nnerẓa-ak aqerruy-ik a Ṭaglal, wissen kan ma ur nεedda-ara i welmad n tmaziγt, armi i neseqsayen γef wayen i γ-id-tenniḍ yakkan, atan a n-dduγ ihi deg useqsi-agi aneggaru n Birkus γef imḍan s tmaziγt, ur yeshil ara γef nekkni yettun zik aya leḥsab s tmaziγt, nuγal nḥetteb kan s tefransist,\nssureft-iyi ccḍeγ deg tminest-a "armi nesseqsay-n" waqila mačči "armi neseqsayen" awal-agi daγen "nerẓa-ak" ma mačči nerẓa-yak, aqerruy-ik a Ṭaglal.\nΓas ssuref-iyi kan a dda Muḥend imi gellleγ (εeṭṭleγ) aṭas γef tririt, maca, dayen, yeṭṭef-aγ llqeḍ uzemmur, baba-nni yezga-yi-d γer uqerruy-iw anwiwel ulac!\nAyen yerzan asteqsi-inek:\nTazelγa n tnila mi ara tt-zwirent kra n tenzaγ, yecban "armi, ad, ara, mi .." tzeggir amyag: "armi d-nesteqsay>armi n-nesteqsay". I wakken ad tekkseḍ akk ugur-agi n tzelγa n yimal s "n" ttarra-tt deg uqerruy-ik d "d" , ssyen beddel-itt di tira, ttaru-tt d "n". A d-nas>a n-nas; mi d-nugem>mi n-nugem... S waya kan ara tekkseḍ kra n tuccḍiwin di tira: Ger: "iruḥen (wid)" d "iruḥ-n( aneggaru-ya d tazelγa n yimal am " iruḥ-d").\nDaγen: "Nerẓa-yak" d "nerẓa-k": Amenzu d amqim udmawan usemmad arusrid (nerẓa-yak taγawasa (i kečč); wis-sin d amqim udmawan usemmad usrid: nerẓa-k kečč.\nAr tayeḍ a dda Muḥ\nAzul fell-ak a Ṭaglal, riγ a k-steqsiγ γef temsalt yerzan taseftit.\nLlan wid yettarun akka : iğğa, ikka, iẓra, immeslay, nekk akken i ten-lemdeγ ttwarun akka : yeğğa, yekka, yeẓra, yemmeslay, ihi ma tzemreḍ ad yi-d-temleḍ ilugan n tseftit i tesseqdaceḍ kečč ?\nGreγ tamawt, llan kra tekksen "ye" deg IZRI (waqila akka i s-qqaren ?), ttarran kan "i", amedya : ičča, iswa, idda...atg.\nTanemmirt a Ṭaglal.\nAd iyi-d-temleḍ mačči ad yi-d-temleḍ.\nSγur Udem wis-kraḍ (3) n tseftit\nAzul a Meẓyan, azul ay imeddukal,\nAyen yerzan asteqsi ɣef wudem wis-kraḍ (3) – amalay asuf-- n tseftit, newwi-d fell-as yakan s talqayt; wali kan i usawen a t-tafeḍ ay ameddakel. Maca, yelha ma nules-as-d s tewzel, akken ur s-qqaren ara kra “ttɛawaden i iɣsan asewwi” (xuḍi llan kra da, d tagi i d tafellaḥt-nsen!).\n“I”(iɣri) neɣ “ye” ( azgen-aɣri akk d teɣri ilem) i wudem wis-kraḍ n tseftit? Dagi, llan ilugan n tira, anda ara ten-naru s “i” d wanda ara ten-naru s “ye” d « y ».\n1) “i” i yemyagen ibeddun s yiwet tergalt (ngum neɣ qbel tiɣri tagejdant “a” neɣ “u” neɣ “i” ) deg ufeggag-nsen (afeggag n wemyag a t-naf deg yal akud, deg yal udem…maca, nekkni neqsed-d kan anaḍ akken ad tifsus fell-aɣ tegzi), imedyaten: Ruḥ, ḥulfu, ɣurr, wali…. wigi d wid i ten-yecban akk, a ten-nattaru s “i”, akk deg wakuden. I+ruḥ>iruḥ; i+ḥulfu>iḥulfa; i+ɣurr>iɣurr, i+wali>iwala. Ad iruḥ, ad iḥulfu, ad iɣurr, ad iwali.\nTamawt; Ula d imyagen ibeddun s yiwet tergalt, ɣas ma teḍfer-itt-id teɣri ilem “e”, wigi daɣen a ten-nettaru s “i” . Imedyaten: gen>igen/ad igen. Maca, llant tsuraf, am yemyagen yecban: ẓer>yeẓra/ad iẓer; ɣer>yeɣra/ad iɣer…\n2) “ye” i wemyag yebdan s snat tergalin (ngum tiɣri), imedyaten: lmed, xdem, ɣli, rgem, freḥ.. d wid i ten-yecban akk, a ten-nettaru s “ye”: Ye+lmed>yelmed; ye+xdem>yexdem; ye+ɣli>yeɣli; ye+rgem>yergem; ye+freḥ>yefreḥ. Ad yelmed, ad yexdem, ad yeɣli, ad yergem, ad yefreḥ.\nTamawt: Ula d imyagen yebdan s tergalt tussidt, a ten-nettaru s “ye”. Imedyaten: kkes>yekkes/ad yekkes; ṭṭef>yeṭṭef/ad yeṭṭef; mmeslay>yemmeslay/ad yemmeslay…\n3) akk imyagen ibeddun s teɣri tagejdant ( di teqbaylit llant kraḍet (3) teɣra tigejdanin: “a”(aɣra), “u” (uɣru), “i” (iɣri), a ten-nettaru s “y” (“y” kan, war ma nerna-yas “e” ) : Af>yufa/ad yaf; ali>yuli/ad yali; aɣ>yuɣ/ad yaɣ… urug>yurag/ad yurug; urar>yurar/ad yurar; ugar>yugar/ad yagar… ifif>yufaf/ad yifif; inig>yunag/ad yinig…\nTisuraf: “Awi; ini; ili” wigi d tisuraf, imi nettaru-ten s “ye”: yewwi/ad yawi; yenna/a d-yini; yella/ad yili, acku taraglt-nni deffir teɣri tettuɣal tessed deg yezri.\n4) imyagen ibeddun s “e” (tiɣri ilem) wigi akk, a ten-nettaru s „ye“.Imedyaten: Eǧǧ>yeǧǧa/ad yeǧǧ; ečč>yečča/ad yečč; err>yerra/ad yerr..\nTamawt tamatut: udem wis-kraḍ amalay asuf ara naru s”i”, unti a t-naru s” t” kan iman-is, ma d win ara naru “ye”, unti-ines a t-naru daɣen s “te”:\nI+gen>igen/ad igen<tgen/ad tgen= I/T+GEN.\nYe+čča>yečča/ad yečč<tečča/ad tečč= YE/TE+ČČA.\nAyen nettu neɣ nezgel a t-id-nernu ssya d afella.\nAbuḍ neγ asenti neγ llsas n wayen akka d-nniγ da (udem wis-kraḍ n tseftit), yekka-d sγur Kamal N at Ẓerrad.\nTamawt: Yelha ma wellheγ kan kra yettarun awal-a, akka "taseddawit"; atan ihi wamek yessefk a t-naru " tasdawit".\nAzul a Ṭaglal, tanemmirt imi d-tessegzaḍ ayen i k-in-ssutreγ.\nLxir-ik d ameqqran.\nazul fell-awen akk bγiγ kan ad ẓreγ ansi i d-tettawiḍ timsirin-a a mass Ṭaglal acku nek d yiwet i yeγran tamaziγt d yilugan n tira-s di tesdawit tura aqli la ttesγareγ i yinelmaden-iw di tesnawit..ayen walaγ d akken yella umgirred deg wayen selmadeγ nek d wayen d-teqqareḍ keč..ẓriγ d ayen yelhan i txeddmeḍ akka maca nek bγiγ ad ẓreγ aγbalu-ik . nina\nnekk aseqsi-inu γef "issi" amedya: leqmer s tnamit issi ikeččem bab-is, yella wayen issi iyi-yefka tallelt, ddwa iss i ara d-yaf ugar waya,\nSγur Azul a Nina\nAzul a Nina,\n“Ḥemmleɣ wid yesɣarayen\nLeqraya tuklal leqder\nI yenna Ferḥat Imaziɣen Imula\n“la ttesɣareɣ”= la tt-sɣarayeɣ. Amarezg-im imi tt-teɣriḍ di tesdawit. Afud anezmar imi tt-tesselmadeḍ di tesnawit. Yella wemgirred, ahat? Tzemreḍ a d-tiniḍ d acu-t ?\nIɣbula-inu: Nniɣ-d yakan, a s-d-alseɣ. Ɣriɣ ɣer Kamal N at Ẓerrad, d abrid-is\nideg ddiɣ… daɣen ṭṭafareɣ ayen d-yettnulfun, qqareɣ ayen d-ttarun wiyaḍ. Llan kra n wuguren d-ttemliliɣ deg uselmed, dɣa ttnadiɣ-asen-d tifrat.\nWissen ma twulem tririt-agi neɣ?!\nSγur Azul a dda Muḥend,\nSsuref-iyi ma zziɣ cwiṭ.\n« Issi » d acu-t neɣ amek ara t-naru ? Netta d wa : « s = d tanzeɣt », maca, tella daɣen tenzeɣt-nniḍen « s ».\n1) « S » d tanzeɣt i ɣ-d-yemmalen s wacu nga tigawt : nečča s ufus. Nedda s uḍar…\n2) “S” d tanzeɣt i ɣ-d-yemmalen tanila: nruḥ s axxam.\nTamezwarut: isem ara tt-id-iḍefren yettuɣal d amaruz; tis-snat yettɣimi d ilelli.\nYečča s ufus (afus>ufus); yewwet-it s afus (afus>afus).\nSsyen i d-frurint tenzaɣ yecban: swayes/yes… taneggarut-a llan wid tt-yettarun akka (yes) “is” neɣ “iss”… d tagi (“iss” ) iɣef d-testeqsayeḍ. Tegra-d di “i” –nni , winna d amassaɣ, ladɣa anda ara mlilent teɣra.\nYelha daɣen ma rniɣ-n amqim udmawan s tenzeɣt-a, akken ad tegzuḍ ugar:\nYes-i, yes-k, yes-s, yes-neɣ, yes-wen, yes-went, yes-sen, yes-sent.\nWiyaḍ ttarun-tt (tanzeɣt-a) mi ara tili iman-is kan “yes”, maca, s wemqim ttarun-tt akka “yess”, acimi , wissen?!\nSegmi d-zziɣ i tɣaltin, tura a d-uɣaleɣ ɣur-s: Nekk ttaruɣ-tt “swayes” mi ara yi-terr tmara, ttaruɣ-tt “ is”. Maca, tzemreḍ daɣen a tt-taruḍ “iss” d acu kan “i”-nni ur yessefk ara ad yezdi yid-s.\nMa ur tegziḍ neɣ ixuṣṣ usegzi-inu, ini-yi-d, a dda Muḥ. Yernu fiḥel a tt-teṭṭfeḍ akk di ẓẓmek, ayen i k-yellan deg wul ini-t-id. Ayen nessen a t-nmel, ayen yekkan nnig-neγ, a d-yass wass ideg ara t-nissin.\nnanemmirt a Ṭaglal gziγ akk ayen d-tenniḍ, akka d usawen attan tefra, mi yi-teεreq di iss ad aruγ swayes. Wissen kan ma nezmer ad nesseqdec "yis"ma kifkif am "yes" amedya: yis-i, yis-k, yis-wen, neγ ad nesseqdac kan yes-wen, yes-neγ, atg\nAzul d izuma a dda Muḥend,\nTzemreḍ ad tessqedceḍ "yis" neγ yes... Ulac fell-as akk.\nTamawt: Γurk ansi ttγilen icawiyen d agmer neγ d aεudiw i d-tqesdeḍ, acku γur-sen "yis" d aεudiw..\nSγur "izumal " mačči d izuma!\nSsuref-iyi ilmend n tuccḍa neγ azgal i zegleγ: " d izumal" deg wadeg "izuma".\nUr iyi-d-frinen isem n Ṭaglal alammi i yi-yekkat ṭaglal s tidet!\nma yella ayis d awal amaziγ, aεewdiw d awal awerdani, ihi ad sseqdaceγ kan yes-i, yes-k atg, i wakken di tira ad teddukel tmaziγt, ilaq ad nelmed tira-s, akk d wawalen-is.\ntanemmirt a Ṭaglal ar tayeḍ


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url: =Banouh, argaz n temlilit ! - La Dépêche de Kabylie\nAccueil Tamazight Banouh, argaz n temlilit !\nJSK 2 - HAC 0\nBanouh, argaz n temlilit !\nS rbeḥ-agi-ines sdat n terbaɛt Horoya Conakry, tettedu srid JSK ɣer uḥric i d-iteddun n telɣuɣa n Tefriqt.\nSdat n waṭas n yimferǧen i d-yerzan ass-nni n sebt, 14 deg cutember 2019, ɣer unnar n umenzu n unbir n temdint n Tizi Uzzu, tessaweḍ tarbaɛt n Yilmeẓyen n leqbayel i wakken ad terbeḥ sin (2) n yiswiyen ɣer ulac HAConakry. Iswiyen i d-yewwi yilemẓi ifazen Banouh i yuraren akken iwata timlilit armi d ddqiqa tis 84’. Xas ulamma aṭas i d-yewwten deg-s uqbe ad t-walin yetturar deg unnar, meɛna ibeggen-d belli yezmer ad d-yawi ugar i terbaɛt n Yilmeẓyen n leqbayel.\nDayen i yeḍran dɣa sendiḍelli n sebt. Tekcem terbaɛt n JSK s annar s lebɣi meqqren i wakken ad terbeḥ timlilit s waṭas n yiswiyen ayen ara yessishilen timlilit n tuɣalin ɣer Conakry, acu mačči dayen isehlen sdat n terbaɛt n HAC i yetturaren ula d nettat s lebɣi ameqqran. Xas ulamma aṭas n tegnatin i as-iruḥen I terbaɛt n JSK i wakken ad d-tawi iswiyen, ladɣa deg ddqayeq 2’, 4’, 18’, 28’, 44’, sɣur Addadi, Banouh, Souyad d wiyaḍ, meɛna armi d ddqiqa tis 51’ i yessekcem Banouh ddabex ɣer daxel ucebbak n Moussa Camara, aɛessas n terbaɛt n HAConakry.\nAya, ur yessefcil ara imyurar n HAC, imi ɛerḍen ad d-rren ttar kra n ddqayeq kan ɣef yiswi amezwaru n JSK, acu kan tarbaɛt n Yilmeẓyen n leqbayel i yernan iswi-nniḍen. Iswi i d-yewwi dima Banouh deg ddqiqa tis 66’. S sin n yiswiyen ɣer ulac i tkemmel temlilit armi d taggara-s. Gar wid yellan deg temlilit-agi, nezmer ad d-nader Sendjak. Am wakken daɣen i truḥ trisiti uqbel ad yebdu uḥric wis sin n temlilit, acu kan tuɣal-d snat n ddqayeq kan.\nArticle précédentAd d-yili ufraq n 1 600 n tnezduɣin sya ɣer taggara n useggas\nArticle suivantLa mairie fermée depuis deux semaines


url: =‘’Yennayer : d Tafaska n talsa…’’ - La Dépêche de Kabylie\nAccueil Tamazight ‘’Yennayer : d Tafaska n talsa…’’\nAllaoua Rabehi, d aselmad n tmaziɣt deg tesdawit n Bgayet\nDr Allaoua Rabehi, d aselmad n tmaziɣt deg tesdawit n Bgayet. Nesteqsa-t ɣef yennayer, yenna-d : ‘’ Yennayer, d tafaska sfuggulen yigduden n Tmazγa, ilin ssawalen s tmaziγt neγ ssawalen s taεrabt. Yes-s ttmagaren aseggas amaynu, i yebγu yili lfal s t-ttmagaren : timezliwt n uyaziḍ, timezliwt n uḥuli, tiγrifin, seksu d ubiṣar, uftiyen (neγ irecmen), sebɛa n yisufar, urar n wayrad, asenfel n kra n tγawsiwin, atg. Yennayer d taẓunt (amur) n yiwen n uwatay n zik : awatay ayulyan, i yellan d awatay n tkerza, ad t-id-nesmekti, d awatay n yiṭij daγen. Maca acuγer i yeggra s mraw d sin n wussan ? Acuγer t-sfuggulen 12 n wussan deffir umenzu n useggas amasiḥi ? Awatay aruman, deg llan 12 n wayyuren (lechur n wayyur), iseggem-it Jules César deg useggas 46 dat SƐ (deg useggas n 708 n Rum) : daymi isem-ines awatay ayulyan (seg Yulyus = Julius). Teγzi-ines 365¼ n wussan, deg-s krad n yiseggasen n 365 n wussan d yiwen n useggas n 366 n wussan (année bissextile). Yettwaseggem i tikelt tis snat mi qrib d taggara n lqern wis XVI. Ababat Grégoire, yettwassnen d win iseggmen aṭas n tlufa, yufa deg 1582 dakken awatay yeggra s 10 n wussan γef wakud n tidet. Yemmuqel deg taluft, icawer, yufa-d tifrat-is d « tukksa » n 10 n wussan, yegzem-itt deg rray : azekka-nni n 4 tuber 1582 yuγal d 15 tuber (1582). Awatay-a amaynu, semman-as awatay agriguryan. (grégorien). Ma nurda yiwen n wass n ugellel i snat n temaḍ n yiseggasen, ad t-naf tura yeggra s 12 (10 + 2) n wussan. Tafaska-ya, iwimi qqaren daγen tawwurt useggas neγ tiwwura useggas, ixf useggas,i yesfuggulen aseggas amaynu, ila igiman n yiseggasen. Yezwar yal yiwen seg sin-nni n yiwatayen ibedden γef tesreḍt : Ixf n useggas amasiḥi, yesfuggulen talalit n Ɛisa, deg uwatay n yiṭij akked Umenzu n Muḥerrem, i yesfuggulen, deg watay n wayyur, inig n Muḥemmed seg Mekka γer Madina, deg useggas n 622 n uwatay amasiḥi’’.\nMa ɣef wazal n tfaska-agi n yennayer, iwala :\n‘’Ayen yebɣun yili deg-s d lfal, yettenfalen ilmend n temnaḍt, ilmend n taggayt n yimdanen (iseflan, idunen n wučči, ccna, ccḍeḥ, atg.), tafaska-ya, i yellan seg wasmi yebḍa useggas d tallitin ilmend n tizza n ugama, d tafaska n ugama. Imezdaγ n temnaḍin-a, i rzan yiγeblan n tmeddurt da, γer tmurt, am wakken t-id-sskanent temsirin yecban Anda wwḍen waman n Yennayer, ad yaweḍ yiṭij n γuct, ttwalin tafaska-ya d tawala tameqqrant i yezdin akk agdud. Deg waya, yettuneḥsab Yennayer d agaluz n tatut n wakud, d tagara i d-yennesren, i d-yeqqimen seg tesreḍt tanzikt (paganisme) yettarran azal i ugama’’.\nƔef yismawen n wagguren n uwatay amaziɣ, yenna-d :\nIsmawen n wayyuren, newwi-ten-id seg tlatint, anagar ahat meγres. D ayen ibanen, acku neẓra turda n yennayer ― yan ayur (= yiwen wayyur) (anamek-is zun « ayyur amezwaru ») i skaren kra n yimassanen ibujaden n tutlayt, d asemluffeq kan. Acku awal yennayer, i d-yettbanen s tidet amzun d awal amaziγ, lemmer d-yekki seg tmaziγt, acuγer ur nekkat ad d-nessefhem akka, s tarrayt-a, ismawen n wayyuren-nniḍen am furar, ibrir, mayu, yunyu, yulyu, γuct, ctember, tuber, nunember, dujember ? Yak meskin win ur yettakzen deg-sen ismawen ilatinen i ten-yettmendaden : februarius, aprilis, maius, junius, julius, augustus akked yimendaden septembre, octobre, novembre, décembre (akken mseḍfaren : « ayyur wis ssa, ayyur wis tam, ayyur wis tẓa, ayyur wis mraw » n useggas aruman, ibeddun deg meγres) ; am wakken anect i yekyes, i yezref win ara yakzen junuarius deg yennayer. Amur ameqqran deg yismawen-a d inagan γef temhezt n tmitulujit (tasnamayt ?) tagrigrumant : mai d Maius mensis « ayyur n trebbit Maia », d ayyur yettunefken i Junon, ma d julius d isem aruman n Jules César, ilulen deg wayyur-a. Asaka n mars, am yisem égide, yessulles wansi d-yekka, imi d-yekka seg Mars, arebbit aruman n yigen (n umennuγ), i d-ssukken seg Ares, arebbit agrig n yigen. D tidet, imi ilmend n umennuγ, ulamek ara d-nessefhem azwir [m] n mars (< ares), anagar ma yesseqdec awal meγres,talγa taqburt war amagrad n yisem n umeskar, seg umyag γres « zlu » (d aẓar yettnamaken tikti n tγersi, n tmezliwt, n yimerẓi, n tekriḍt, n umennuγ…). Anect-a, d ayen yessewhamen : aγref i yessnen asiḍen (leḥsab) (ar 19 γur Icelḥiyen, armi d wartaggara neγ, mulli akkya, ar 1000 γur Yimẓabiyen d Yimucaγ), i ilan ismawen n yimḍanen, ur igi ismawen s tutlayt-ines, la i wayyuren n useggas, la wussan n yimalas. Deg tama, yewwi-d ismawen n wayyuren seg tlatint, deg tama-nniḍen yeddem-d seg taεrabt ismawen n wussan. Irumanen meslen-d ismawen n wayyuren, yessebded-iten γef tsenmayt (mythologie) tagrigrumant (ẓr. dimanche seg dies dominicus « ass n Yalla », lundi seg Lunae dies « ass n wayyur », mardi seg Martis dies « ass n Mars », mercredi seg Mercurii dies « ass n Mercure », jeudi seg Jovis dies « ass n Jupiter », vendredi seg Veneris dies « ass n vénus »). Akken ad semmin i yismawen, Aεraben, akken t-gan Yigdudanen deg 1793, sqedcen isuddimen n yimḍanen : al-‘aḥad, al-‘itnayn, al-tulata‘, al-‘arbiεa‘, al-xamis (akken mseḍfaren : amezwaru, wis sin, wis krad, wis ukkuẓ, wis semmus). Ma d al-jumuεa « ljemεa », yettnamak « ass n usgrew », al-sabt « ssebt », yeqqim akken yella γur Wudayen (akken t-wwin Ilatinen : sabbati dies « ass n Sabat », d ass n usgunfu γur Wudayen)’’.\nƔer taggara n wawal, yesseggra-d…\nMaca, uguren-a ur ssenγasen wara seg uzamul n Yennayer. Akken yebγu yili, akin i tjada γef wazal n usezmez deg umezruy, nniγ-d yakan tafaska-ya d tagamant d tamesdukelt ; yessefk ad d-iniγ : d tamesdukelt acku d tagamant. D tidet, am uzamul-nni ilan talγa n umdan i d-sskanen watmaten-nneγ Imucaγ akked d uγref n Dugun (Mali), ur nezzuγur anamek-nniḍen ara as-d-yezgen i kra n uγref kan, yesfuggul Yennayer taggara n yiwet n twinest akked tazwara n twinest-nniḍen, mačči am snat-nniḍen i yellan d tifaskiwin yesfuggulen imulliyen (n yimdanen yettwassnen deg umezruy d tesreḍt). Nezmer ad d-nini tezwar-itent-id deg wakud, tella d tafaska n zik n zik yesfuggulen anekcum n useggas γur yiγerfan n temnaḍin i d-yezzin i yilel Agrakal ; deg wadeg tekcem deg yimi n tatut anda-nniḍen, mazal ar ass-a sfuggulen-tt yimezdaγ n Tmazγa, yerna ur telli d ayla kan n wid yessawalen s tmaziγt. Ass-a, yuɣal Yennayer, d Tafaska taɣelnawt, d ass n usgunfu. Taggara, akin i uẓayer aγelnaw, Yennayer d tafaska n ugama, seg d-yettekkes umdan tigelliwin n tmeddurt, i yessewjaden iman-is ad d-taki seg yiḍes, d tafaska n tgelda n tkerza, send talalit n tesreḍt tayanyallat tamezwarut. Syin akin, ur aγ-terri tmara ad nesfukel tilin-nneγ, ur aγ-terri tmara ad nemxallaf akked yiγerfan-nniḍen n umaḍal, yessefk ad naf Yennayer d tasγart yifen tiyiḍ acku d tawala yesdukulen, izemren ad tili aẓayer n tfaska tameγradt, aẓayer n tfaska n talsa, i d-igellun s usirem, d temyalelt, d walluy deg tayetti, akken ad tuγal tudert n yimdanen d tanemdant ugar.\nArticle précédent‘’ Yennayer ameggaz i yimaziɣen /timaziɣin deg tal tiɣmert n umaḍal…’’\nArticle suivantInig n lweqt-a n Cccix Ṣeddiq


url: =New Zealand: Tameqqrant n lwuzara tessigg°ej istayen, ɛlasibbat kuruna | Le RIFAIN\nNew Zealand: Tameqqrant n lwuzara tessigg°ej istayen, ɛlasibbat kuruna\nJacinda Ardern, tameqqrant n lwuzara n Zilanda n Jjdid. [Hagen Hopkins/Getty Images]\nTekkes tmeqqrant n tmurt n New Zealand Jacinda Ardern deg wawal, bac ad tesmutti istayen (lintixabat) i ttuɣa ittxessan ad ttwaggent zeg wass n 19 zi cutanbir al 17 zi kṭuber i dd-yegguren. Manaya tegga-t lmujet n jjdid n ubirus n kuruna i yesɣumbaren i tmurt n Zilanda n jjdid.\nTenna Jacinda Ardern: « Asurif-a izemmar bac ad yewc lweqt i qeɛ ikabaren (l’aḥzab) bac ad ggen ddiɛaya i yestayen. Amen itticc lweqt i tyemmunt n yestayen bac ad tessewjed i min dd-yegguren ».\nTameqqrant n ukabar n Ixeddamen (Ẓelmeḍ n lwesṭ), wer tufi illa ad tesmutti istayen awarn i umi ikabaren smuttyen ddiɛaya i ttuɣa tteggen i yestayen, s ssibbet n ubirus i dd-iɛeqben ɣer tmurt-a i ttuɣa yeṭṭfen ixf-nnes, ttuɣa sskanen-dd ɣer-s s ufus di min tegga n ḥeṭṭu zeg ubirus n Covid-19.\nLmexzen n Zilanda n Jjdid, ibelleɛ tamdint n Auckland, i yellan d ijjten zi tneddam timeqqranin di tmurt-a. Al ass n lḥedd, abirus yeḍher-dd di 49 n yewdan, zegga i ɛdun 100 n wussan zeggami wer dd-ibin ula d ijjen yehlek s ubirus-a.