url: =Aṣlaḍ n yan wedlis nna umi tedrus tɣoṛi\n13 Yebrir 2016\nAṣlaḍ n yan udlis nna mi tedrus tɣuṛi\nG ukud nna di-s gern itsen imedcalen Imaziɣen s uɣanib nsen aha llfen i tirra s Tmaziɣt ibendeg yan ittarun g yat tiɣmeṛt illasen s wudem nna isenḥuffer aha iẓṛeg tirra nnes s iles ddeɣ, s udalif nnes Tifinaɣ. Tga tirra nnes anagif s usaɣra n Tizi n Ticka.\nUnna iɣṛan asaɣṛa ddeɣ ad yiɣil is ar isawal udlis ɣif tizi tumlitt (célèbre) ittawin s warzazat mi da qqaṛn imaziɣn Tizi n Ticka aha issefra t netta s iles Aɛṛab s « فج التيه ».\nMaca adlis ur ar isawal ɣif tizi ddeɣ. Dat n wad ssiggeɣ ɣif ugabir (le contenu) n unagif (le roman) ad, yuf is beddiɣ ɣif unaba n Tizi d Ticka. Tizi tga abrid ikkan ger tqeccumin (les sommets) n idraren, tga awed yat tifrekt n wukud nna issikka cra. Ticka tga ad yack kra neɣ ad yacc s unaba n wad iɣenḍeṛ, ad ur yaf abrid t ittraran s dinna g iserra.\nTizi n Ticka tga ansa neɣ ukud nna g ijla ca abrid nnes. May d ijlan g ubrid?\nMatta ubrid nna ijlan? May d imes wanna neɣ tanna ijlan abrid nnes?\nDat n wad rareɣ ɣif iseqsiten ad yuf is snummeleɣ adlis: Aneck n udlis iga amerwasu, tasniwin nnes lekment attayen n 267 n tesna.\nAnil (la couleur) nnes iga abelbas (gris).\nG iɣef n usatil (astul) itteyara s Tfinaɣ: «Anagif s iles Amaziɣ s udalif nnes Tifinaɣ», mnid as ittyara s Teɛṛabt:\nقصة باللغة الأمازیغیة بأبجدیتھا تفناغ\nAfella n usaɣra (proposé pour le titre) yan uwalif aṛɣaɣay (doré) n yan wagal (pendentif) ɣif udem n yaz ittyara s usekkil Alatin «Amazigh» g tiyenna n ugalim (adjectif) ddeɣ sin iskkilen n yaz ɣif yat teɣda tucgigt (horizontale) iggran s yat twinest icermen agal ad s yan useddi (chaîne) mi ur ifrir (ne pas apparaître) xas idir nnes. Awalif illa ɣif usanaz n uɣmaṛnam (proposé pour rectangle) aṛɣaɣay.\nDdaw uwalif ittyara s Tfinaɣ: Anagif, ddaw as s Tfinaɣ diɣ: Tizi n Ticka, s Teɛṛabt: فج التيه\nG uzeddir nnes yat tesfift n isuniz iseɣcalen (bande de figures géométriques).\nDdaw tesfift ittyara s Tfinaɣ assaɣ n umedcal d imir n uẓṛag n udlis:\nⴰⵏⴻⴱⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 2964 / 2014\nƔ usatil (astul) amazdar ittubder wassaɣ n tnejjawla (maison d’impression) d tansa (adresse) nnes d uyanin (le numéro) n uganaẓ (proposé pour le téléphone) d win ufakes d win umyazan n ugratsa (internet), g tiyennit n uya tadugamt (le\nsymbole) n uḥadam (l’institution) ddeɣ illan ɣif udem n tafuyt d iẓenẓaṛn nnes, zeg wammas nnes ar uzeddir ittyara s twenɣa (graphie) tazurart asekkil Ulatin A g idis nnes asekkil Aɛṛab ɛ.\nIskkilen ad gan tanta (le début) n wassaɣ Aɛṛab عین d Umaziɣ s usekkil Alatin: Aserdun. Assaɣ ad iga win n tnejjawla ijewlen adlis waniti.\nDdaw tesfift nna ittusnummlen ittyara s iles Aɛṛab atig n uzenzi: .ثمن البیع\nAṣlaḍ n walil (la scène) n udlis:\nInilen n usatil gan abelbas (gris) d uṛɣaɣay (doré) d ubxxan, awṛaɣ, ukziy (bleu) d umlil. Abelbas iga inil n usatel asel n uwalif, aṛɣaɣay iga win uwalif igebren yan wagal ɣif udem n yaz izdiyen d yat twinest n useddi. Abexxan iga win tassfift s\nudmawen nnes iseɣcalen d tirra issusun s wanag n ufares aseklan, s usaɣra n unagif d wassaɣ n bab nnes d uzmez n ujwal (impression) nnes.\nInil abelbas ar aɣ issectay iɣed, iɣed iga tamatart n usekkin nna ikemḍen s takat. Abelbas ar ittini is ikka wafa aha ijder cra n usekkin, kud ixsey izrey iɣed, maca da ittili ilekmimeẓ (braise sous la cendre) ddaw iɣed, ra ad issiɣ takat iɣ t isnucceg kra\nneɣ t ismentes (attiser).\nInil aṛɣaɣay ar aɣ issectay uṛeɣ d izuzaf (les parures) neɣ agalen. Inil abexxan ar aɣ issectay tallest d ukud n yiḍ.\nInil ukziy ar aɣ issectay igenna.\nInil umlil ar aɣ issectay asidd d ukud n wasef neɣ ass neɣ azal.\nInil awṛaɣ iga win iẓenẓaṛen x wukud n utwan n tafuyt (le coucher de soleil) neɣ win unqqeṛ (le lever de soleil).\nAr nettacez aṭṭas inil waniti g imruriɣen n tafuyt adday taẓ ad tetwen.\nAgal aṛɣaɣay (le pendentif doré) iga asekkin nna ihekkec uhekkac zeg ugeṭṭum n wuṛeɣ nna issefsey aha ifka as udem n usakil «yaz» s Tfinaɣ igan tadugamt n tullut (l’existence) d tnettit (l’identité) n Imaziɣen, aha igzey (graver) ɣif teɣda illan ammas nnes agalim n Umaziɣ s usekkil Alatin ittinin is iga Umaziɣ azrarag (Libre), aha izdey agal ad s twinest (anneau) ur igin xas yan uferdas n useddi as inna ad ittyagel ɣif ugeṛḍ n wanna isbijjigen (être fier) s uṭekki (appartenance) nnes s umisi (essence) Amaziɣ. Mar ad isunez (former) uhekkac aya ur ittuyaqqil zi takat.\nTakat da tessenwa, da tesseṛɣa maca da tessekmaḍ. Tga tadugamt n tudert d umtan, n tullut d uslubbeḍ (le fait d’anéantir), n uluddu (le fait d’être tiède) d ustaḥ (le fait d’être calme) d ugerwel (la révolution) minzi ar tesmuttuy itsen isekkinen iquṛaṛen s isekkinen uḍɣiɣen d iḥrarayen, ar tesseqlulluy asanaz nsen.\nIɣed iffren ilekmimẓ ifka tudert i Umaziɣ alley issefra imisi nnes s usakil nna ikka iɣna aha ig t d tdugamt n tullut d tudert nnes. Hat s ilekmimeẓ as isunez agal nnaɣ t icermen d umisi d tnettit nnes.\nMec as yucer cra agal nnaɣ ad isnucceg iɣd aha ismentes timsi issekmaḍen imicer.\nTasfift s wudmawen nnes iseɣcalen imezarayen tga tadugamt n wukud, n udayin (l’histoire), n uzra (le passé), n umha (le présent) d imal (au sens figuré de l’avenir).\nInil nnes abexxan ar ittini is iqqima udayin (histoire) n Imaziɣen idnunes iddeɣ ayenna kkan arun ittusenhubber, ur sawilen ɣif umisi d tnettit nsen, mriddi udmawen iseɣcalen n usakil nsen ittugziyen g imeddurga, ur nnin ad isinen iwdan yaḍen is kkan lan amm imudinen yaḍen tiɣɣuṛma.\nƔ taɣzi n wukud iwwet Umaziɣ ɣif timmuzɣa d tiddurfa (la liberté) d timmuzwa (la dignité) nnes maca ur isawil ɣif iɣef nnes.\nAgabir n unagif:\nIttuselmes (être axé) ɣif usda (la réalité) d ugengif (l’imaginaire), iga aṣeṭṭa isman mennaw n ifilan. Asaṛiḍ udsil (la cause fondamentale) n aferkuẓeḍ (le chômage) n widda kkan azizar (l’université) aha ur ufin ansiwen nsen g wamun.\nTifri n uṣaṛiḍ g uraɛa n umedcal tbedda ɣif ubuẓẓen (la reconnaîsance) n uwanik (l’état) s tiddulsa Tamaziɣt. Mer ibuẓẓen uwanik s umsunez (le composant) ad yaf umezraw (l’étudiant) n iles Amaziɣ d tdelsa nnes ansa nnes g tmazirt d\nwamun nnes. Iddeɣ g uzizar ur ar ittezraw xas ilsawen n imezda (les étrangers) d wusunen yaḍen hat idrus ad yaf bab n ugardas amajjyal neɣ lal nnes aḍɣaṛ nnes. Ar ittafa uferkaẓaḍ iɣef nnes ger uḍulley (la necessité) n uswihhet (la protestation) d twargit n tzugi (l’émigration) s tmizar tinfurin (étrangères). Aya\nayed isman yat tarrbiɛt nna yusin agardas (le diplôme) amajjeyal. Iga «Baddu» yan dig-sen.\n*Asdarray Afṛanṣiṣ d Usbaniy: Ikka ku yuk dig-sen isdurrey yan waẓey zi tamazirt n Umerrakuc (Murakuc).\n*Anezbay: Iga t imirew n «Baddu» d ismun nnes. Netta ayed ikẓeɛ asdarray Afṛanṣiṣ d Usbaniy zi tmazirt\n*Baddu: ila agardas nnes amajjyal g tsekla Tafṛanṣiṣt, ur yufi tawuri, ar ittdelfaq g uzeglal, iɣzel x yat tɛerrimt, izutef (découvrir) is tga tameṛḍunt (prostituée), ixyeḍ (s’énérver), inges (être choqué), yulla s imṭṭawen irzagen (amers), ar ittxmmam ad inḍew s agemmaḍ in.\nIncer ar itturu tibratin i medden maca ur as fkin alik (le salaire) nnes acku ɣalen is ar ittawes (aider) i iregmayen (les anaphabètes) s ubennen (gratuitement). Ittyaṭef netta d usmun nnes iɣetsen (décider) ad izzenz idlisen iqbuṛen nna ikka ila. Amules (l’accusation) ixater iddeɣ issufeɣ usmun nnes idlisen ikkaten ɣif umluleḍ uɛaseq (matérialisme dialectique). Iffeɣ tanessaṛḍa (proposé pour le tribunal) netta d usmun nnes iddeɣ lekmn ad zunẓun (convaincre) afesṛaḍ (proposé pour le juge) s timmulsa (l’innocence) nsen zeg ulfan (l’accusation) n ubeɣles (proposé pour la police) nna iɣal is ran ad sretlen (constituer) amataɣ amenkas urkis (le parti opposant clandestin), nnaṛeẓmen s uretbey (la caution). Ur yad yufi ibba nnes xas ad iddu s tneddarma (proposé pour la banque) mar ad as teṛḍel sin igendiden (millions) n isentimen. Xas yumeẓ ten «Baddu» iɣal is yumeẓ tasarut n umradan (le paradis). Iddu ar issara ɣif iberɣazen (les courtiers) issenḍawen. Iddeɣ tesḍeṛɣel (aveuglir) twargit tawengimt (au sens de raison) nnes yaɣ taraksut (le piège) n iɣejbab n (les escrocs) nna nnḍen is, sduhdun t aha gren is ammas n idraren. Kud yucey iɣal is inḍew s dar iwdan\ninfurn, maca xas ifrek issen is ur iffiɣ tamazirt, is awal nna s da sawalen winna t yufan ur igi xas win imarwen nnes, Tamaziɣt, ixyeḍ, inges. Ar as tteggan imezdaɣ n udrar amulley n tiremt. Izutef dinnaɣ yat tselmadt ikkan aẓaɣaṛ, aha ur ǧǧin tessinen i Tmaziɣt, aha telmed as, ar si-s tessefru Taɛṛabt ammas n tdala (salle d’étude), teqqim ammas n ibudraren, ar tzeddem amm tsednan, ar tfeṛṛeḍ, tman d itsent tamunt n uɣɣu d waman.\nTiws as s iwalifen, maca ur ti teffiɣ twargit n tzugi. Kud iman id-s yan umezdaɣ mar ad yisin tamazirt, yufa iḥewwaṣen g\nigelẓan (les cascades), innarez ad imyassan d yat tefṛanṣiṣt mar ad t tessenḍew s tmazirt nnes maca tenna as is as yuf ad iqqim g tmazirt nnes ifulkiyen.\nTlula twargit diɣ n wad iccur tudert d tselmadt, iddeɣ imsasa d tneddarza (proposé pour la commune) ɣif wad isselmed ayenna mi issenn i warraw d tarrawin nsen.\nIssegra unagif s twargit n wad ifru amerwas n ibba nnes, n wad iqqim g tmazirt nnes, n wad imɛafar d ukud s usemsi (l’investissement) n iqaṛiḍen nnes.\nIffeɣ Tizi n Ticka s tin imnayen.\n*Sekku: Amercal n «Ɛbita», Imirew n «Baddu», ikka iga anezbay alley tesrar tmazirt izireg nnes (l’indépendance), ur iḥmil ad izzenz iger nnes n taddant (l’olivier), s iɣnan as iṛḍel zi ɣuṛ tneddarma ma s ira iwi s ad izug. Yuzzla ffir memmi-s kud ittyaṭṭef alley innaṛẓem.\n*Ɛbita: tamercilt n «Sekku» d timirewt n «Baddu»: tusey anezwum n uxfeddi (fils aîné) nnes, ixub as waḍu, tulla s imṭṭawen irzagen, texbubec tayjayin nnes (s’égratigner les joues), temḍaṛa (être solidaire) d iwis s uqaṛiḍ nna tesmutter.\nTebḍa tawuri nnes ger umercal nnes d warraw d tarrawin nnes.\n*Cerru: iga asmun n uswihhet,ittudelqm amm «Baddu» .Iɣts ad izzenz idlisn nnes iqbuṛn far ad yaf ma s ittedder.Itteyaṭṭef s umules axatar t igan asertel n umataɣ urkis, s umules uḍṛiṛ (déclaré) t igan azenzi g wansa unbiz (publique) asl n ussewrey (l’autorisation) n uqarid adigan (l’autorité locale).Innaṛẓem s uretbey.\n*Baɛɛu neɣ «Butezrut»: iga asmun n «Baddu» g uswihhet d iẓeṛ, maca imzaray d «Baddu» g tudest n umkiṭṭef arendad n useḍwel n tirbatin, idda g ubrid n ujendex (la violence) far ad issenfel udem n wamun, idda g ubrid n usermumeɣ (le terrorisme) taf ad israr tirbatin s ubrid inmen. Ur izmir «Baddu» ad t iẓẓunẓu s\ntudest n uduney (le dialogue).\n*Tunaṛuẓ: tga tagẓiwt nna gi-s iɣzel «Baddu» maca izutef gi-s is tedda g ubrid ifeṛɣen. Kud as iger itnan, tenna as s usfenẓey (franchement) is ur tsala awal, is tettuṭfaṛ s imawen n igujilen igan ayetma-s, is tla tawuri ddeɣ mar ad ttaf ma s tessudur igujilen nna as izrey ibba nnes ɣif tadawt nnes.\n*Ibeɣlasen: Mulsen «Baddu» d usmun nnes s usertel n umataɣ urkis, s uzenzi n idlisen g wansa unbiz asel n ussewrey.\n*Afesṛaḍ :Iṛẓem i «Baddu» d usmun nnes s uretbey.\n*Iɣejbab: Gan iseqlafen, smunnḍen «Baddu» alley idduhda aha gren t ammas n idurar.\n*Imezdaɣ n udrar: Neṣfen s «Baddu» kud ifrek s usaris nnes amaynu, gan as amulley n tiram, msasan-d id-s ad asen isselmed arraw d tarrawin nsen s tamennida n yan walik. Issemyassan t yan dig-sen d tselmadt. Isneɛd as igelẓan nna da ttekkan\n*Asmun n ubrid: isenɛd i «Baddu» igelẓan (les cascades), issusen as taselmadt.\n*Argaz awessar: isawel i «Baddu» f yan ugerwel adigan (la revolution locale) arendad (vis-à-vis) n uwanik.\n*Aselway n tɣiwant: imsasa d «Baddu» ɣif wad isselmed i tarwa n uyetmi (la tribu) ayenna mi issen s tamennida n urakid.\n*Taḥewwaṣt tafṛanṣiṣt: Innarez di-s «Baddu» ad t issenḍew s agemmaḍ in. Tefka as yan wazan is as tfulkey tmazirt nnes, is ar tnezzeɣ infuren s uhuskey nnes.\n*Taselmadt: Tedda-d zeg uẓaɣaṛ s udrar taf ad tesselmd arraw d tarrawin n wusun. Telmed i Tmaziɣt, teɣtes ad teqqim ammas n Imaziɣen d Tmaziɣin, ar teskar tawuri n tsednan. Tuwes i «Baddu» s iwalifen ma s ittili tawuri n uselmed. Tga\ntawargit tamaynut n «Baddu».\nAzda ger usaɣra d ugabir n unagif:\nAsaɣra iga tugḍiwt (résumé) n ugabir, neɣ tanibba issiggan ɣif-s. Tizi n Ticka ur ar ttini ansa ittawin s Warzazat, ar ittini ayajir nna gi-s yucka cra. Awanik d amezwaru ay d-yuckan kud ur ibuẓẓen s tiddulsa Tamaziɣt, aha ira ad izdey tamazirt s imineg neɣ s utaram alley tucka tsuta n ffir iziɣeg ger tadelsa Tafṛanṣiṣt d tdelsa Taɛṛabt d Tasbaniyt aha yili may d-yucka g usamik uslim anesbabaɣ iran ad ismuttey udem n wamun s usermumeɣ acku awanik ifka asidd azegzaw i usamik (la doctrine) uslim far ad igley (bloquer) asamik anemlalay (la doctrine socialiste), ad\nas iwwet awettu aha ur idmi ad as ilal udensur anermamaɣ t isediddiyen netta nnit.\nMer ibuẓẓen uwanik zi tizwiri s umsunez Amaziɣ adyali ur tenni tsuta tamaynut ad tedder amarin n uferkuẓeḍ, ad temcacka d tnettit nnes, ad teqqim g tmazirt nnes, ad tcebber g iẓeɣṛan nnes. Hat iddeɣ iɣtes «Baddu» ad iqqim dinna teɣtes ad teqqim tselmadt nna ur ǧǧin tessin i Tmaziɣt as yufa abrid inmen ittawin s wabuḍ n tmazirt d taysi nnes.\nAya ay d-igan arudzem i umarin (la crise) (la\nsolution) n uferkuẓḍ, i ticka ger iberdan, ad yuɣul ku yuk, ku tukt s iẓeɣṛan nnes. Awed yan waddag ur inni ad ifek agummu d imula nnes mec ur icbbir g iẓeɣṛan nnes.Wadda ittwargan s ufeṛnuneṣ yucka amm wanna ittwargan s Uɛṛuṛeb (l’Arabisme), d wadda ittwargan ad issebḍey iɣef nnes far ad issermumeɣ\niwdan.Wanna israren iẓeɣṛan n Timmuzɣa wan «Baddu» d tselmadt ayd yufan abrid aṭemnan ittawin s ubenɣel (la stabilité) d uḥeḍṛen (la paix).\nAmaziɣ amennuṛẓem, icebbren s tnettit d tdelsa d tɣeṛma nnes, ur yugin ad yisin tidelsiwin yaḍnin, d walsiwen, igan aneslam, ur inqqan iɣef nnes d wiyyaḍ, issnen iwetta nnes, iṭṭeffuṛen\ntudest (proposé pour la méthode) n uduney d uẓunẓu ur id abrid n usermumɣ.\n*Akud: Ur ittubdir s useffenẓey, maca ittusken s imec arusrid zeg wammas n yan wasar, iga t azenzi n idlisen ittmukkulen s uswingem anemlalay (la pensée socialiste) iddeɣ yuser bab nsen zeg yan waẓey idrimen id zeg wayyaḍ iddeɣ ur yad sufiren i umya minzi ttusrey tamunt n isufyat. Akud s umata (en général) iga win umkiṭṭef (la lutte) ger udensir anedgagar (capitaliste) d unemlalay (socialiste), nna gi-s iman umezwaru g tmazirt nna gi-s uhedrun (la religion) uslim d yan usamik (la doctrine) nnes neɣ uggar mar ad igley agusif (le torrent) anemlalay ad yuɣul s\nteɣbalut nnes. Adensir ddeɣ n uwanik issefra t ubeɣlas kud issuffra f «Cerru» ad ur izzenz idlisen ittasin aswingem uslim g wallad n wad izzenz widda ittasin aswingem anemlalay. Akud waniti n umkiṭṭef ger wanagen ittmmennagwan (qui\ns’opposent) n uswingem, ger sin icenga ur immsaḥmalen ar iglley abeɣles ad isserbu i ku wadda yusin timitar n uswingem anemlalay ayenna mi ur tezḍaṛ tadawt nnes ad t i tasey. Minzi awanif n ubeɣles ad isfeḍ timitar n uswingem ddeɣ zeg\nwudem n wamun. Ar isseɣṛaṛ (ar iggar g teɣṛaṛt) ilafinen (les accusations) nnes taf ad ur icbber awedyan meqqaṛ d xas g yan ifili n uswingem waniti igan acengu axatar n udguger (le capitalisme). Mar ad ittusḍureg (être bloqué) usamik anemlalay\niṛẓem uwanik i udefrir nnes uslim maca ur idmi ad as d iffeɣ s wudm n uweddin (fantôme) isdiddiyen (menaçant) tamazirt acku da ikkat titi n uḍeṛɣal ur yucizen acengu nnes zeg umeddakkʷel nnes.\n*Ansa: Ittubder s imec arusrid (de façon indirecte) zeg usaɣra «Tizi n Ticka» meqqaṛ ur da isawal unagif f uḍɣaṛ ddeɣ, d zeg wammas n yat tuskint «Tizi n Imnayen» g twargit n «Baddu». Ayenna ittinin is ammuttey zeg uzmez n ticka s uzmez n imnayen iniyen iyysan n tmazirt, issnen matta nitni d ma s ddan d mayed ran, yusin timitar n uburez isul iga tawargit maḥedd ur irar uwanik n tmazirt asidd nnes s umalu isulen iddlen tabaynut Tamaziɣt taf ad t issen ku amezdaɣ d tmezdaɣt n tmazirt.\nIttubder s imec amatan (général) g idurar, ɣ iẓuɣiṛ, g uzeglal n\ntiɣṛmt, g ir n uzeglal ddeɣ, x usarag n tnezzarfa, g ustum n ugmmaḍ in, ɣ igelẓan, g uɣerbaz, x iger n taddant.\nIdurar gan tabaynut n timmuzɣa, gan izeqriren (remparts) nna isulen iḥbibḍen (conserver) s ik ujbiḥ (découvert) timitar n\ntɣeṛma Tamaziɣt, nna gi-sen sulen imezdaɣ ar ttemsawalen s Tmaziɣt ur id amm uẓaɣaṛ g ttenyuddun itsen ilsawen iṛeṣliyen d infuren.\nIger n taddant (addag n uqezmur) iga iger yakkan azatim n uqezmur (aqaw n uzemmur). Iga tadugamt n tmazirt ibeddan f tuẓẓut n waddagen, d usifes (la culture), d usegmi n wactal (bétail), tamazirt nna issexrer (libérer) «Sekku» d ismunen nnes inezbayen. Azeglal n tiɣṛemt nna gi-s imḍey «Baddu» tirmit n uɣzal nnes d ubeytel n uzutef nnes. Asarag n tnezzarfa nna gi-s iswihhet netta d ismunen nnes. Ir n uzeglal nna gi-s ittyaṭṭef netta d «Cerru». Astum n uṛubbu nna igan tawargit n mennaw n iɛerrimen d tɛerrimin ur yufin ansa nsen g tmazirt nsen. Igelẓan nna gan yat zi tmitar n uhuskey n tmazirt, nna da inezzɣen allen n iḥwwaṣen infuren.\nAɣerbaz iga ansa nna g immyassan «Baddu» d tselmadt, nna g tlula twargit tamaynut nnes, aɣayan (le virage) nna t israren s ubrid ittawin s wabuḍ n tmazirt nnes.\n*Azda n isarn d usda:\nAyenna yaɣen «Baddu» d ismunen nnes isul da ittusday (se produire) s dɣi.\nAwed ayenna t yaɣen f ufus n uɣejbab ikka yaɣ. Xas alfan (accusation) n ubeɣlas izdiyen s usertel n umataɣ amenkas urkis ayed igan agengif mac ur ikkul ad isxiter ubeɣlas tulfint nnes taf ad issiwed. Amm uya ikka iga asda ɣ uncek n tugga n ifasiken (les victimes) n wukud n uldun.\nAɣezzaf Muḥemmad. Tafsut n 2966 / 2016\nazmez - the date


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url: =At-Zikki Aγbel n Yiεekkiren – Lebouzeguenepost\nAt-Zikki Aγbel n Yiεekkiren\npar Rédaction\tsur octobre 6, 2015 384 vues\nAγbel n iεekkiren id-xelqen kra n yimezdaγ n tudrin di lwilaya n Tizi-Wezzu dwin id-igellun s lemḍara meqren d laεḍil di lxedma n deqs n yisenfaren i icuden γer unegmu n tγiwanin.\nDγa uggur-agi d win i tettir tγiwant n At-Zikki γef teγzi n useggas-aya, imi id-tesfaydi s wazal n 03 n yimelyaren sentim i lxedma n waṭas n yisenfaren; am tulya n yibardan ideg ara εeddin iqudas n ussufaγ n wamman iluγen ara ijemεen 05 n tudrin, asbedi n ibassanen n uzizdeg n wamman illuγen i uḥareb γef tezdeg n twenaḍt, d lexedma n wexxam amaynut n tγiwant n At-Zikki.\nDγa tadrimt i ittewxeṣen ilxedma n isenfaren-agi tewjed acḥal-aya, maca yella-d laεḍil di beddu n lecγal sebba n yiεekkiren n kra n yimezdaγ n tudrin, u d aγbel iwmi sḥasfen aṭas yemḍebren d imezdaγ n tγiwant n At-Zikki, imi d yiwet n tγiwant id-yezgan deg idurar εlayen n tmurt n leqbayel γef laεli n 1300lmitrat, i yuḥwajen anegmu s waṭas.\nImḍebren n tγiwant-agi sutren deg yimezdaγ-is akken ad-ḥebsen iεekkiren i usebγes n unegmu.


url: =Taghmist n Tiddukla - Utt'un 8\n(ddur't n 19 gher 25 Yulyu 2003)\nAwal-nnegh akken i t-id-nettawi ass-a s tmazight deg weghmis-nnegh llan at'as n medden ur a t-nfehhem ara. Llan kra, imi ay xuss'en di tmazight negh ur ttmeslayen ara tamazight si lqaâa ur fhimen ara tighmisin-nnegh, di lweqt i deg llan wiyad', d tikta-nnegh (idées) deg wayen yerzan amkan ay tesâa tmazight di tnettit-nnegh ur fhimen ara. Deg wayen yerzan wid ur nettmeslay ara tamazight negh taqbaylit, aql-agh neâzem ur ten-nettaddja ara kan akken, âellqen, ur fehhmen ara ayen nettmeslay s tutlayt-nnegh, yernu neqqen-asen d akken tiddukla-nnegh attan ad texdem akk ayen umi tezmer akken ad asen-teselmed tamazight, akken t-id-nenna deg weghmis-nnegh amenzu : tiddukla-nnegh a tessefray ad asen-tefk akk ttawil ilaqen i yimeghriyen-is akken ad snernin aswir-nsen di tmazight. Aql-agh a d-nettheggi ahilen (programmes) n usselmed akk d yedlisen s lekmal-nsen i lmend n waya, yernu akken kan ara yili wayen ara d-iwejden, ur nbexxe! l yis-s wanag ad t-nefreq ghef watmaten merr'a ara t-yeh'widjen negh ara t-id-yessutren. D acu kan, ilaq ad d-nâeggen d akken ma yella nettaru s teqbaylit, maci d tamazight ay nerra di rrif negh ur neh'sib ara Imazighen nnid'en, wanag nekni d taqbaylit kan ay nessen yernu lemmer nufi, ad d-nernu s aghmis-nnegh id'risen s tentalyin nnid'en. Ur nettwali ara d akken taqbaylit tif tintalyin timazighin nnid'en, wanag nemgal (au contraire), nettwali Imazighen merr'a cerken deg-s akken ula d Leqbayel cerken di tentalyin nnid'en, am wakken ur nettwali ara d akken taqbaylit d nettat kan ay d tamazight n uzekka, wanag mi nettaru yis-s nebgha kan ad asen-nessiwed' i Yimazighen merr'a izen-nnegh s tutlayt-nnegh tamazight, ad neg ah'urif gher sdat akken ad tughal tmazight d tutlayt ay d-yessawad'en isallen am tutlayin timuddirin nnid'en, akken ad nessebghes (encourager) atmaten-nnegh Imazighen ad ttemyaruin wagar-asen s tmazight kan, akken ad nesdukel tutlayt-nnegh u ad ttekkint deg-s merr'a ta! n talyin timazighin n Tmazgha. Ttghimin-d wid-n akken ur nefhim ara tikta-nnegh deg wayen yerzan amkan n tmazight di timmuzgha, nettwali d akken tikta-nnegh usant-asen-d amzun d abeqqa i ghef ur bnin ara, d takti ur yezmir ad yeqbel leâqel, d tiyita yest'erwicen. Ma nenna-d d akken tamazight d nettat ay d tigejdit tawh'idt n timmuzgha, nettwali iman-nnegh nesâa lh'eq yernu mazal ad nett'ef deg wawal-nnegh. Win yesr'uh'en tutlayt-is ghur Yimazighen ur t-mazal yettidir idles-is amazigh wala yettidir tinettit-is (identité), yernu anect-a yeshel ad t-nz'er ula deg wennar. S kra n Yimazighen ay yesr'uh'en ass-a tutlayt-nsen di Tefriqt n Ugafa (Afrique du Nord), yetti yiles-nsen gher taâr'abt, ughalen qqaren i yiman-nsen d "Aâr'aben", yernu llan kra deg-sen zgan-d mgal n wakk ayen yeqqnen gher timmuzgha. Dgha, ad nwali d akken ass-a, imezdaghen ay d-mazal qqaren-asen -u qqaren i yiman-nsen- d Imazighen d wid-n kan ay d-mazal ttmeslayen tamazight anda ma teddid', yernu ula d wid-nni asmi a! r a sr'uh'en tutlayt-nsen, acemma ur sen-d-yettghimi. Ur nessed'lam ara deg wawal-agi-nnegh wid-n akken akk ay d-ilulen, ufan-d imawlan-nsen qqaren-asen "nekni d Aâr'aben" negh ttmeslayen-asen s tefr'ensist seg wasmi ay d-kkren, am wakken ur nugi ara ad tt'uqqten Yimazighen, u ad nesâu atmaten anda ma nedda. D acu kan, s wawal-agi nebgha d atmaten-nnegh ay yettun tutlayt-nsen, negh wid-n akken ara tt-yettaddjan ass-a, ay nebgha ad ten-id-nessaki u ad ten-nesfaq s twaghit-agi ara d-id'errun. Tidet ilaq bnadem ad tt-id-yini, yernu qqaren-as wat zik : Ttif tidet yesseqrah'en wala lekdeb yessefr'ah'en. D acu kan, ma llan kra seg watmaten-nnegh ay werdjin slan negh ur ngir ara tamawt i twaghit-agi d-yed'ran d tutlayt-nnegh, ass-a mi akka ara tt-ttah'qaren wigad-is, ilaq ad d-ldin allen-nsen u ad qeblen tidet-agi. Ulac timmuzgha mebla tamazight. Ur nufi ara awal icebh'en ugar akken ad nfak tigejdit-nnegh am wafiren-agi ay d-yeddja Lwenans Matoub, ad fell-as yeâfu R'ebbi, akken ad d-y! i ni tidet iqerrh'en :\nTameslayt d-inedjr'en abrid\nD awalen i ghef netta yefka Lwennas aqerru-s !!!\nTabrat n usnemmer i wid merr'a i gh-yettâawanen\nTiddukla tadelsant Imedyazen tebgha ad asen-terr tajmilt s tebrat-agi i watmaten-nnegh merr'a i d agh-yettâawanen deg wussan-agi akken ad nesselh'u taghmist-nnegh, awal-nnegh di internet s tutlayt n lejdud, s tmazight. Nefr'eh' imi ay nesâa atmaten anda ma nedda, mi d-tegred' tighri ad ak-d-rren "anâam", yernu nessaram d akken tagmat-nnegh ad tefti u ad tennerni sya ar sdat, ma yebgha R'ebbi.\nSeg wasmi ay d-tlul teghmist-nnegh, at'as seg watmaten-nnegh ara tt-yettaznen i wid-n merr'a ay ssnen, at'as seg watmaten-nnegh ay tt-yettembaddalen wagar-asen, yernu llan ula d wid i gh-tt-id-yessersen deg yemd'iqen-nsen n internet mebla ma nessuter seg-sen acemma, dgha anect-a d ayen ay d agh-yesfer'h'en s wat'as. Ass-a, zemren ihi watmaten-nnegh ad afen taghmist-nnegh ters-d deg yemd'iqen yettwassnen akka am www.mondeberbere.com, www.kabyle.com akk d www.tizihibel.net, yernu nessaram merr'a d akken anect-a ad yesnerni wid ay yeqqaren tutlayt tamazight di internet u ad yettekki deg usider n tutlayt-nnegh. Ilaq ad d-nger tamawt d akken ass-a, mi akka ay nettidir di tallit n usselg! h u (information age) akk d tallit n teywalt (communication age), ur ilaq ad nezgel acemma ay izemren ad yettekki deg wesnerni n tutlayt-nnegh. Yugh lh'al, nekni s Yimazighen ih'emmlen tamazight, xas di citt' yid-negh ay nella, maca ma neghra, ma nez'wer yernu nesâa ttawil ilaqen, nezmer ad neg timkerriwin (miracles) akken ad d-nessider tutlayt-nnegh.\nQqaren-as : Xellun-tt âecr'a, issidir-itt-id yiwen.\nLeqdic-agi n wezraâ n tmazight di internet d leqdic igerrzen imi ula d tutlayt-nnegh ilaq AD TILI deg uz'ett'a (réseau) i deg llant akk tutlayin. Imi ay d agh-yeldi internet tiwwura akken ad nettembaddal u ad nettemsawad' isallen s tazzla, anect-a d ayen i yes ilaq ad nenfeâ tamazight. Ma zemren ad afen watmaten-nnegh isallen s tutlayt-nsen, ma zemren ad d-lemden kra n tghawsa ur ssinen ara s tutlayt-nsen, anect-a d ayen ifazen, yernu ma nezmer ad nenfeâ tutlayt-nnegh ma nemla-yasen i watmaten-nnegh amek xeddmen yegduden nnid'en akken ad d-ssidren tutlayin-nsen, awi-d lukan.\nD acu kan, ur ilaq ara ad nettu digh tagmat-nni idjehden ay yeddjan ad d-yili akk wanect-a. S wazekka ma tr'uh'-agh tegmat, ulac win ara yesr'uh'en tizemmar-is akka am nekni, ulac win ara yettwarnun u ad yettwah'qer am nekni. Awfan win yez'ran kra, win yufan kra inefâen ad t-imel i gma-s, i watmaten-is akken ad d-ssetnefâen seg-s ula d nitni, yernu anect-a akk ad d-yili i lfayda n tmazight. Dgha d tagmat i ghef ay ilaq ad nâass, d tin umi ilaq ad neg leqrar am tit'-nnegh, imi tagmat ghlayet yernu qqaren-as wat zik :\nWin ur nesâi tagmat meh'qur\nTanemmirt ihi i watmaten-nnegh n Tizi Hibel, tanemmirt i Karim Aguenaou, gma-tnegh n Merr'uk, tanemmirt i Mohand Imazaten u tanemmirt i watmaten-nnegh merr'a ara yesselh'ayen ass-a awal-nnegh, awal n tmazight deg uz'ett'a (réseau) agraghlan akken ad tidir tmazight u ad taf amkan-is ger tiyad', akken ad d-ughalen ghur-s warraw-is, u ad tt-id-yughal wemkan i deg tettalas.\nSghur n watmaten-nwen n Tiddukla Tadelsant Imedyazen\nTzemrem ad tafem taghmist-nnegh deg wassaghen-agi :\nUtt'unen 5 d 6 d 7\nUtt'unen 6 d 7\nAzul fell-ak ay ameddakwel. Tanemmirt ghef wed'ris-agi i d-turid' s tmazight. Akken i d- tennid' netcca times ghef meh'yaf ih'uzan tutlayt-nnegh. Nettaru tikwal s tmazight, lameâna i wakken ad nghiwel, mi ara yeh'r'es wakud, tikwal nettaru s tefr'ensist. Tanemmirt imi tesmektid'-agh-d ghef tira n tutlayt nnegh.\nTiririt : Azul fell-ak a gma, Tanemmirt-ik ghef tebrat-yinek, u tanemmirt imi ay d agh-tt-id-turid' s tmazight, imi ssefr'ah'en-agh at'as wid d agh-d-ittarun s tmazight, u lh'emdulelleh, llan at'as seg wid i gh-d-yerran. D ayen d agh-yesfer'h'en mlih' imi ay d agh-d-tennid' d akken kettc (negh kenwi) tesseqdacem tamazight di tira d wemyaru-nwen di internet, d acu kan, nebgha ad nger tamawt d akken asseqdec n tmazight ur ilaq ara ad yili tikwal kan, wanag ilaq ad t-nesâu di lbal-nnegh dima u ad agh-yughal d asendid (reflexe) : a ddqiqa i deg nekker ad naru kra i watmaten-nnegh Iqbayliyen (negh Icawiyen d Yimazighen nnid'en ay izemren ad fehmen taqbaylit), s tmazight ara t-naru acku d tin ay d tutlayt-nnegh, yernu anect-a awfan ad agh-yughal d tanumi, d taghawsa taganant (naturel) u ad nagh tanumi ad nettaru tamazight ula mi ara nh'ar, ula mi ara nettaru s lâejlan. D acu-tt tutlayt i d agh-d-issekren ? D acu-tt tutla! y t i yes nettxemmim ? I yes nettargu ? Llan at'as deg-negh ara ak-yinin d tamazight, ihi i wacu nettemyaru s tefr'ensist ? Deg yegduden nnid'en, qrib d lmuh'al ad naf sin ttemyarun wagar-asen s tutlayt taberr'anit, ala kan (ahat) ma llan d inelmaden yebghan ad lemden tutlayt-nni, di lweqt i deg nekni, tafr'ensist tughal-agh d tutlayt n wegdud, qrib ad tt-nessekcem di tnetti-nnegh (identité), u anect-a ad yili d ssebba ara d agh-d-iqelâen seg yiz'uran-nnegh. Lemmer ad twalid' agdud almani negh negh agdud apuluni yettmeslay ala kan s teglizit, ad twehmed' u ad as-tinid' anect-a d ayen ur nettwafham, negh ala ? Ihi amek nekni s wass-a nezmer ad neqbel d akken ugar n 90 % seg Yimazighen-nnegh yessnen tamazight ttmeslayen ala kan s tutlayin tiberr'aniyin di internet ? Taghmist-agi-nnegh tessefray ihi ad d-terr ccan i tutlayt-nnegh, ad asen-teg ifadden i s kra n wid tt-yettmeslayen yernu TTARUN-TT, u ad d-tefk at'as n yisallen ara inefâen medden u s tutlayt-nsen kan. D acu kan, u ak! k en tez'ram, tutlayt ur tris ara kan ghef uqerru n yiwen kan n wemdan negh n yiwet kan n terbaât, wanag tutlayt n wegdud merr'a. Ghef wanect-a ay nessutur seg-wen, kenwi s watmaten-nnegh, anda ma tellam, ad tesselh'um awal-nnegh u ad agh-tâiwnem di leqdic-nnegh n ussebghes (encouragement) n usseqdec n tutlayt akk d ussider-yines. Tanemmirt-ik a gma âzizen. Qqim di lehna n R'ebbi. S leh'mala n wul d tegmat.\nTutlayt di Kirgizistan :\nimenghi n tkirgizit di tmurt-is\nSghur Omar MOUFFOK\nAqeddem : ass-a, nefren-d yiwen n amagrad s wazal-is, d win ay d-yettawin awal ghef tegnit i deg tella tutlayt takirgizit di tmurt-is. Kirgizistan ay yellan d yiwet si tmura n Asya Talemmast tesâedda ugar n 70 n yiseggasen s ddaw n leh'kem asuvyati. D acu kan, seg wasmi ay tughal d timziregt (indépendante), tessider-d akk ayen yellan d azamul aghelnaw, d acu kan, xas takirgizit tughal d nettat ay d tutlayt n tmurt, ur tufi ara iman-is akken ilaq lh'al, yernu mazal d tutlayt n uberr'ani, d tarusit, ay yesâan amkan amenzu di Kirgizistan. Amagrad-agi yesskanay-d amek ay tezmer tutlayt ay yellan d myall n tmurt, d myall n wexxam, ad tughal d taklit deg wakal-is, yernu ad nz'er amek ay tezmer ad tettwah'qer tutlayt xas leqwanin merr'a n tmurt bedden-d s idisan-is. Yugh lh'al, ger n wawal akk d leqdic at'as ay yellan, yernu di tmurt i deg ara ixass' lebghi i lmend n ussider n tutlayt, ula ay d as-d-gen yiz'uyar (statuts) i tutlayt-a! . Nnig waya, agdud i gher tella tutlayt, i gher tettidir, yesâa azal meqqren akken ad as-yeg leqrar, d acu kan, ma yella ur yeqdic ara udabu akken ara icebbeh' tugna (image) n tutlayt u ad tt-yerr digh d tutlayt inefâen medden di tudert-nsen, ula d agdud, imawlan n tutlayt, ad rewwlen fell-as. Tutlayt takirgizit, am tmazight, ay yughalen ilindi d tutlayt taghelnawt tis snat di Ldzayer, d tutlayin ay tent-yughen di llsas, yernu maci d abeddel n sufella kan ara tent-id-yessidren. Yeqqar-as wanzi ghur-negh : tissirt mi ara tent-tagh di rryac ula ay d as-d-gen yighuraf. Ula d takirgizit akk d tmazight, maci d iz'uyar akk d leqwanin ay tent-ixuss'en, wanag add'an atan anda nnid'en.\nDi tmura n Asya Talemmast (Asie Centrale) ay yellan zik d ah'ric si Tdukli Tasuvyatit (URSS), tutlayt tesâa ass-a azal meqqren imi ay tella d yiwen seg yizumal n tnettit (identité) taghelnawt n yegduden-nsent. Imi ay sâeddant tmura-yagi tallit ghezzifen s ddaw n leh'kem asuvyati ay iâerd'en ad asent-yemh'u idles-nsent akk d umezruy-nsent, ass-a atenti a ttughalent s iz'uran-nsent, a d-ssekfalent tanes'lit-nsent akken ad d-sseknent d akken llant, akken ad bnunt iman-nsent i uzekka. D acu kan, di tmura-yagi merr'a, ddjan-d Yisuvyatiyen ighighden-nsen, tutlayt tarusit mazal ttmeslayen-tt wat'as n medden di tmura-ya, yernu tikwal d nettat ay yesâan azal meqqren ghef tutlayin n Asya Talemmast, xas ma yella tineggura-ya di tmura-nsent ay llant, yernu ttâawanen-tent yiduba akken ad nnernint. Di Kirgizistan, tutlayt taghelnawt, takirgizit, attan a tettnagh deg wakal-is, di tmurt i deg tt-yettmeslay umur ameqqran deg wegdud, akk! e n ad taf iman-is sdat n trusit. Xas ma yella takirgizit d nettat ay d tutlayt tamezwarut n tmurt di tmend'awt (Constitution) n Kirgizistan, attan a tettidir di tegnit is'eâben yernu simmal tettughal gher deffir. Anect-a yessutur-d seg udabu n tmurt-agi ad yeg s lâejlan ayen ilaqen akken ad d-yessukkes (ad d-isellek) yiwet si tgejda yesâan azal meqqren di lebni n tnettit taghelnawt n Kirgizistan.\nII. Iz'uyar* n tkirgizit di Kirgizistan\n*iz'uyar : statuts\nDi 1989, asmi ay d-mazal tagduda n Kirgizistan d yiwet si tegdudyin n Tdukli Tasuvyatit, tughal tutlayt takirgizit d tutlayt tamens'abt n tegduda-yagi. Yugh lh'al, di tallit-nni i deg tella a tteddu Tdukli Tasuvyatit akken ad teghli, di tgara n yiseggasen n 1980 akk d tezwara n yiseggasen n 1990, at'as n yegduden nnid'en ay yellan a ssuturen izerfan-nsen akk d westeâr'ef s tnettiyin-nsen tidelsanin negh tighelnawin di tegdudyin tisuvyatiyin nnid'en, mbeâd ma sâeddan tallit ghezzifen i deg yexdem udabu amezdukli (communiste) akk ayen yezmer akken ad d-yeqleâ igduden yettidiren di Tdukli seg yiz'uran-nsen. Dgha, asmi ay tughal tkirgizit d tutlayt yesâan az'ayer di tmurt-is i tikkelt tamenzut deg umezruy, iga wegdud akirgizi ah'urif meqqren akken ad d-yawi azarug (indépendance) i tmurt-is. Dgha tlata kan n yiseggasen mbeâd, asmi ay teghli Tdukli Tasuvyatit, tughal tegduda n Kirgizistan d tamurt timziregt (indépendante), ye! r nu tughal tutlayt takirgizit d nettat ay d tutlayt tamens'abt n tegduda yernu d tutlayt n Uwanek (Etat). D acu kan, yebda yetth'ulfu udabu akirgizi, citt' n lweqt sakin, d akken ur yezmir ara ad yesselh'u tamurt ala kan s tutlayt takirgizit, imi tutlayt-a tesâa at'as n wuguren ur tt-neddji ara ad d-tewjed i uselh'u n tmurt, d anect-a ay yeddjan Kirgizistan ad as-tefk az'ayer ula i trusit di 1994, sakin, deg waggur n Magu n 2000, tughal trusit di Kirgizistan d tutlayt tamens'abt tis snat, gher tama n tkirgizit. Ihi, nezmer ad nger tamawt d akken mbeâd ma tekka-d Kirgizistan ghef yiwet n tallit n lh'ir akken ad terfed tutlayt-is gher temkant âlayen di tmurt, tebda tettughal gher deffir di âecr'a n yiseggasen-agi ineggura, imi asteâr'ef ay testeâr'ef s trusit d ayen ay d-yesskanayen digh d akken adabu akirgizi yebda yettara di rrif tutlayt takirgizit, di lweqt i deg tutlayt-a attan di tegnit i deg teh'wadj at'as n leqdic akken ad d-tettwarfed u ad tesâu amkan-is di tmurt-is.\nIII. Tagnit n tutlayt takirgizit di Kirgizistan\nDeg useggas n 2001, llan di Kirgizistan 4.753.000 n yimezdaghen, gar-asen azal n 58% d Ikirgiziyen negh d wid yettmeslayen takirgizit akk d wazal n 15 % n Yirusiyen. Yugh lh'al, d Irusiyen ay d tadersi (minorité) tameqqrant akk di tmurt-a mbeâd n Yikirgiziyen, yernu ttidiren ladgha di temdinin akk d tmiwa iqerben ghur-sent, am wakken digh ara naf at'as n Yirusiyen di yeghzer (vallée) n wasif n Chuy, deg ugafa (nord) n tmurt, anda ay d-tuzga tmaneght n Kirgizistan, Bickek (Bishkek). Azal n 40% deg yimezdaghen n Kirgizistan ay yettidiren di temdinin, yernu Irusiyen ay yellan d tidersi idjehden di tmurt-a, kkaten mlih' ghef yizerfan-nsen di Kirgizistan, yernu ttaârad'en amek ara d-h'ettmen tinettit-nsen akk d yedles-nsen ghef yimezdaghen n tmurt-a, dgha di tmiwa-yagi i deg ttidiren, ur nettaf ara ala kan d Irusiyen ay yettmeslayen tarusit, wanag llan at'as n Yikirgiziyen ay ten-yettâanaden.\nD acu kan, ilaq ad d-nger tamawt digh d akken tisnaddanin (statistiques) n tmurt-a ur nezmir ad nettkel fell-asent imi tikwal, wid ittgen addun (recensement) ur steqsayan ara medden isteqsiyen ilaqen akken ad z'ren d acu-tt negh d acu-tent tutlayin ay ttmeslayen, yernu xas ma yella at'as seg yimezdaghen n Kirgizistan ay yesseqdacen ugar n yiwet n tutlayt, addunen n tmurt-agi ur fkin ara azal meqqren i wanect-a. Yugh lh'al, tikwal, mi ara d as-inin i wabâad' : "D acu n tutlayt ay tettmeslayed' negh ay tesseqdaced' deg wexxam", ad d-yebder kan yiwet n tutlayt, dgha ad yettuneh'sab deg waddun d akken yettmeslay kan tutlayt-nni, xas ma yella yessen tutlayin nnid'en yernu tutlayt-nni ay yettmeslay maci dima d nettat ay d tutlayt-is tanes'lit. Dgha, awfan wid iqeddcen deg waddun ad nadin ghef wach'al n tutlayin ay yessen wemdan, maci ala kan tutlayt ay yesseqdac, ladgha imi di tmurt-a, yezmer wabâad' ad yili yessen takir! g izit, d tutlayt-is tayemmat i yes d-yekker, d acu kan, di tudert-is n yal ass d tarusit ay yesseqdac ugar. Bitt llan ula d wigad ay sen-yeqqaren i yiqeddacen ay d-yelhan s waddun, d akken d taglizit negh d talmanit ay ttmeslayen deg wexxam, yili nitni d Ikirgiziyen di las'el. Dgha amdan am wa ur yezmir ad yettuneh'sab d imsiwel yessawalen kan tutlayt tarusit negh taglizit negh talmanit, wanag tewwi-d ad yettuneh'sab d asnutlay (bilingue). Si tama nnid'en, llan di Kirgizistan ula d imdanen yettmeslayen tlata n tutlayin, yernu wigi nezmer ad ten-naf ladgha deg wenz'ul (sud) n tmurt. Di tama-yagi anda ay ttidiren wat'as n Wuzbikiyen, medden ttmeslayen takirgizit, tuzbikit yernu zemren ad issinen ula d tarusit, d acu kan, wid ay d-yelhan s waddun beddren-d kan d akken ttmeslayen takirgizit akk d tuzbikit xas ma yella at'as seg wid steqsayan ssnen tarusit. Ghef wanect-a ay zemren ad ilin yezwilen (chiffres) n tesnaddanin yerzan tutlayt di Kirgizistan d izwilen igheld'en, yernu zemren ad! ilin wid yettmeslayen tutlayt-a negh tutlayt-agi ugar negh qell n wanect ay d-yeqqar udabu.\nb. Takirgizit deg unabad' n Kirgizistan\nImi tutlayt takirgizit d tutlayt n Uwanek (ddewla), s kra n wed'ris amens'ab (texte officiel) ara d-yessuffegh unabad' akirgizi ad t-id-yessuqel gher tkirgizit. D acu kan, xas ma yella seg yidis n usad'uf (lqanun) d takirgizit ay yifen tarusit, imi nettat tettusemma di tmend'awt (Constitution) d tutlayt tamens'abt yernu d tin n Uwanek, di lweqt i deg tarust di tutlayt kan tamens'abt, maca d tarusit ay yesâan azal meqqren di leqdic n ubadu, imi id'risen merr'a n Uwanek teffghen-d, qbel, s trusit, sakin lehhun-d d usuqel-nsen, yernu si tama nnid'en, tasuqilt-nsen gher tkirgizit ixeddem-itt udabu akken kan ad iqader asad'uf, maci i lmend n teywalt (communication). Ghef wanect-a, nezmer ad nger tamawt d akken di lweqt i deg adabu yettak azal meqqren i wayen ay d-yettaru s trusit, tisuqilin ay d-iteg s tkirgizit yettak-asent kan azal azamal (valeur symbolique), yernu tikwal imd'ebbren ur d-cliâen ara ula si tghara (qualité) n tsuqilin-agi u teddunt-d deg-sen ula d tuccd'iwin. Ghef umedya, yiwwas, deg yiwet n teftart (document) tamens'abt i deg ay d-yenna udabu s trusit : "Agraw imsud'ef (assemblée législative) n Tegduda takirgizit yezmer ad d-yessbded asad'uf aserdasi (loi martiale) ma yella yetâedda kra n weâdaw ghef Tegduda Takirgizit" ssuqlen-tt-id gher tkirgizit am wakka : "Yezmer ad d-yettusebded usad'uf aserdasi ma yella yetâedda Wegraw imsud'ef ghef Tegduda Takirgizit". Yernu tuccd'a am tagi ted'ra-d di tmurt i deg ula d win ara d-yessersen iman-is gher tefranin akken ad yughal d aselway, ilaq ad yesâeddi akayad (test) ghur n udabu akken ad z'ren ma yessen mlih' takirgizit negh ala.\nYugh lh'al, xas ma yella di Kirgizistan, wid yettmeslayen tarusit ttaârad'en amek ara sâeddin iman-nsen d nitni ay yettwah'eqren yernu ttwakksen-asen yizerfan-nsen deg wayen yerzan tutlayt, d takirgizit ayen yettwah'eqren di tidet, xas akken d nettat ay d tutlayt n tmurt.\nGhef leh'sab n usad'uf akirgizi, wid ur nessin ara tarusit negh takirgizit deg wexxam n ccr'eâ ttalasen ad sâun imsuqel (traducteur) ara d asen-d-yessuqlen ayen ttmeslayen di ccr'eâ. D acu kan tikwal deg yexxamen n ccr'eâ, ad naf kan imsuqlen ay d-yessuqulen si tkirgizit gher trusit, ma si trusit gher tkirgizit ulac. Si tama nndi'en, at'as n yemd'ebbren n udabu ay yettwalin d akken imi Kirgizistan tella zik d ah'ric si Tdukli Tasuvyatit, dgha imezdaghen-is merr'a ass-a fehhmen tarusit, di lweqt i deg takirgizit maci imezdaghen merr'a n tmurt fehhmen-tt (ladgha Irusiyen), d acu kan, tidet maci akka ay tella deg wennar, imi amur meqqren deg Yikirgiziyen d wid yettidiren di tmurt yernu sseqdacen kan tutlayt-nsen tanes'lit, di lweqt i deg tarusit, tutlayt n temdinin, llan at'as n wid ur tt-nessin ara.\nYugh lh'al, xas ma yella takirgizit yebded usad'uf n tmurt s idis-is, ur tufi ara iman-is deg wennar, yernu simmal ara tettughal gher deffir sdat n trusit umi ara yettimghur ccan deg wat'as n yinurar n tudert di Kirgizistan.\nc. Azal ay sâant tkirgizit akk d trusit di Kirgizistan\nGher medden, xas ma yella tarusit ttwalin-tt d tutlayt n uneh'r'as (colonisateur) n yid'elli, d tin ay d-yesmektayan lbat'el akk d tesnaraft (dictature) n tallit tasuvyatit di Kirgizistan, maca ass-a at'as n medden ay s-yettaken ccan meqqren, imi d nettat ay d tutlayt n usselmed akk d yedles atrar (moderne). Ma d takirgizit, si tama-s, at'as n wid ay tt-yettwalin d tutlayt yeqqnen s afuleklur' (folklore) aghelnaw, d tin n wansayen (traditions) akk d tz'uryin tigherfanin (arts populaires) negh d azamul kan n tnettit taghelnawt akk d tfernant (patrie). Maca si tama nnid'en, tutlayt takirgizit tesâa digh tugna (image) n d iri, imi ay llan wid ay tt-yettwalin d tutlayt kan n tmurt negh n ugama (capmagne), d tutlayt n wid yettidiren berr'a i temdinin yernu ur ssinen ara tagherma, n wid ur nefhim ara, ur neghri ara, d tutlayt kan n yimeksawen akk d yimezdaghen n yidurar.\nMa deg wennar n usselh'u n tmurt, nnig n wazal ay tesâa tutlayt tarusit deg udabu akirgizi (akken t-id-nebder sufella-yagi), tarusit d nettat digh ay d tutlayt n tdamsa (économie) di Kirgizistan. Xas ma yella asad'uf yeddja takirgizit ad tesâu amkan di tdamsa, imi ass-a tiner'misin (entrprises) ttnadint at'as ghef yiqeddacen yessnen ad mmeslayen takirgizit, maca tutlayt-a ur tleââeb ara ddur' meqqren akken ay t-tleââeb trusit di ssuq n tmurt. Win yessnen ad yemmeslay tarusit akk d tkirgizit d win ara izemren ad isellek aqerru-yis deg wennar n tdamsa, di lweqt i deg win yessnen kan takirgizit, ur yettaf ara iman-is deg wennar-agi.\nYugh lh'al, tugna ara yesâu wegdud ghef tutlayt-is d ayen yesâan azal meqqren imi d anect-a ara d as-yefken amkan akk d ddur' i tutlayt-a di tmurt negh gher wegdud i deg tt-ttmeslayen, d acu kan, deg wayen yerzan Kirgizistan, iban d akken d tarusit ay yifen takirgizit deg wat'as n lumur', d nettat ay d tutlayt icebh'en gher medden yernu d nettat ay qeblen medden deg wat'as n yinurar, d nettat ay s-yekksen cciâa i tkirgizit. Si tama nnid'en, takirgizit tettmagar-d, tasiwiât-a digh at'as n wuguren ayen i s-ikerfen tizemmar-is yernu ur tt-ddjin ad tili d tutlayt iwejden akken ad d-tbedd i lmendad n usselh'u n tmurt.\nIV. Uguren n tkirgizit deg wennar\nTarusit maci ala kan s wemkan ay s-fkan medden ay tif takirgizit, wanag ula seg yidis n ttawil ay tesâa. Yugh lh'al tarusit, nemgal (contrairment) n tkirgizit, d tutlayt tagraghlant, imi d tin ay ttmeslayen wazal n 277 n yimelyunen n yemdanen deg wemd'al, deg wugar n 15 n tmura, yernu d yiwet si tutlayin n Yeghlanen Yedduklen (Nations Unies). Rnu-yas s anect-a, tarusit d tutlayt yesâan tasekla (littérature) yuran idjehden yernu d taqburt, d tutlayt tatrart yernu d tutlayt n tussna ay izerâen mlih' di tmura merr' i deg ay d-mazal ttmeslayen-tt. Ma d takirgizit, si tama-s, ur telli ara deg wemkan i deg tella trusit deg wemd'al yernu ur tesâi ara ttawil ay tesâa tutlayt-a akken ad tesselh'u tamurt, tasekla-yines yuran d tamaynut yernu maci at'as n leqdic ay yettwaxedmen fell-as akken ad tughal d tutlayt tatrart.\nXas ma yella deg yiseggasen n 1920, yeqdec udabu asuvyati akken ad yerr tutlayt takirgizit d tutlayt yettarun, maca di tallit-nni ghezzifen ay yett'ef leh'kem asuvyati, ur as-tettunefk ara tegnit i tkirgizit akken ad tughal d tutlayt tatrart ara izemren ad tesselh'u tisuda (institutions) i yiman-is. Di 1928, tbeddel tkirgizit agemmay-is, tughal tettaru s ugemmay alatini mbeâd ma tella zik tettaru s ugemmay aâr'ab, sakin, di 1940, tughal s ugemmay asirili (arusi) ay tettaru yernu teqqim akken alammi d iseggasen n 1990, tallit i deg tewwi tmurt azarug yernu a yessefray udabu ad d-yerr agemmay alatini. D acu kan, ilaq ad nger tamawt d akken abeddel-agi n ugemmay igellu-d s uxess'ar ghef tutlayt imi yal tikkelt i deg ara yettubeddel ugemmay, tasekla-nni ay yuran s ugemmay-nni aqbur amzun tettwagzem ghef tin ara arun s ugemmay amaynut, dgha d anect-a ur nettaddja ara ad d-yili ukemmel di tsekla. Rnu-yas s anect-a, adabu asuv! y ati ay d as-ibeddlen sin yiberdan i tkirgizit agemmay i yes tettaru (1928 d 1940), ur d-icliâ ara seg yimal n tutlayt-a negh seg wayen ay izemren ad tt-yeddj ad tennerni, wanag d iswiyen isnaktanen (buts idéologiques) ay yeddjan Isuvyatiyen ad h'ettmen igemmayen ay bghan nitni ghef yegduden yellan s ddaw n tecd'ad't-nsen, am Yikirgiziyen.\nMa seg wasmi ay tewwi Kirgizistan azarug-is ar ass-a, citt'ah' kan ay yettwaxedmen i lmend n ussetrer (modernisation) akk d ussizegh (standardisation) n tutlayt takirgizit. Ass-a, takirgizit xuss'en-tt wat'as n wawalen deg yinurar n tudert tatrart yernu anect-a yessawed' ula d imusnawen yettarun yis-s ad ttkukrun ad d-ssuffghen yis-s idlisen.\nLlan wid ay yebghan ad zzizedgen tutlayt takirgizit, ad kksen seg-s akk awalen ay tt-id-ikecmen si trusit (imi ay llan at'as), u ad rren deg wemkan-nsen awalen ara d-ssuddmen (dériver) si tkirgizit taqburt negh si taâr'abt, d acu kan, llan at'as n Yikirgiziyen ay d-yettcetkin seg wawalen-agi imaynuten n tkirgizit imi ur ten-fehhmen ara negh bitt, ttihin yis-sen, di lweqt i deg wiyad', ad d-ttcetkin ghef lexs'as' meqqren ay txuss' tkirgizit deg wawalen itraren (modernes). Imi amur meqqren deg wawalen n tussna akk d taknit (technique) ay yellan di tkirgizit d wid ay d-yekkan si trusit, at'as n Yikirgiziyen ay yettwalin d akken tutlayt-nsen d tin ur nezmir ara i yiman-is, yernu tif-itt trusit. D anect-a ay yerran takirgizit tesâa kan ddur' mect'uh'en deg wat'as n yinurar.\nNnig waya, takirgizit akk d trusit ur âdilent ara deg wennar n usselmed, imi, akken d-nebder sufella-yagi, tarusit d nettat ay yewwin cciâa gher medden deg uselmed, yernu, si tama nnid'en, takirgizit tettwah'qer alammi d ayen kan deg wennar-agi.\nXas ma yella takirgizit d yiwet si tutlayin n ugherbaz di Kirgizistan, maca iselmaden ay tt-yesselmaden ur a sen-iteg ara udabu assilegh (formation) yelhan, yernu ur ttuxellas'en ara akk mlih'. Rnu-yas s anect-a, di lweqt i deg tarusit tesâa idlisen yelhan (ay d-yettawd'en tikwal si Rrus), ahilen n tghara (programmes de qualité) yernu d nettat ay d tutlayt i yes qqaren yinelmaden tussna deg ugehrbaz, ttawil n tkirgizit ixuss' at'as yernu ur telhi ara tghara-s.\nMa deg wayen yerzan almud afellay (enseignement supérieur), d tarusit digh ay yewwin cciâa di tesdawit, yernu inelmaden yeqqaren s tkirgizit tth'ulfun d akken ur sâin ara tiwwura akken ad rebh'en di tudert-nsen am wid yeqqaren s trusit. Imi ay tufa trusit iman-is deg wat'as n yinurar n tmurt, wid yeqqaren s tutlayt-a zemren ad afen leqdic yelhan am wakken ay zemren ad afen abrid s tefses (sshala) akken ad rebh'en di ddunit-nsen, di lweqt i deg takirgizit, di tegnit-agi i deg tella, tughal di rrif deg wat'as n yinurar yernu ur tezmir ara i yiman-is, attan a tettidir tagnit i deg ara rewwlen fell-as wigad-is, imi ara tt-ttwalin d akken ur tesâi ara lfayda meqqren.\nImi ara yettwali udabu akirgizi d akken tutlayt d azamul n tfernant (patrie), tewwi-d ad yeg akk ayen umi yezmer akken ad as-yerfed amkan-is i tkirgizit, u ad yeqbel ad is'erref fell-as at'as n yedrimen akken ad tt-yerr d tutlayt ur neâdil ara kan akk d trusit deg usad'uf, wanag ad teâdel yid-s ula deg wennar.\nYiwet si tghawsiwin timezwura ay ilaq ad tent-yeg udabu i lmend n ussider n tkirgizit netta d assemgher n ccan n tutlayt-a deg wallen n Yikirgiziyen. Xas ma yella asad'uf akirgizi yeldi-yas tiwwura i tkirgizit akken ad tili di tedbelt (admninistration) negh deg wexxam n ccr'eâ, ilaq ad yeqdec udabu i akken ara yesseqdac ugar takirgizit di tsertit, di tudert tamens'abt akk d ttawilat n teywalt (communication), yernu ur tettghimi ara tsuqilt-nni ixeddem i teftarin timens'abin d tisuqilin tizamalin (symboliques). Yugh lh'al, ma yefka udabu azal i useqdec n tutlayt taghelnawt, anect-a ad yesnerni ccan n tutlayt-a gher wegdud yernu ad asen-tili ugar deg wul.\nSi tama nnid'en, ilaq ad yeqdec udabu ghef wamek ara d-yexleq imukan n leqdic i deg ara tesâu azal tkirgizit, negh, s wawal nnid'en, amek ara yerr takirgizit d tutlayt n weghrum. Yugh lh'al, akken t-di-nebder sufella-yagi, yiwet si ssebbat tigejdanin (principales) ay yeddjan tarusit ad tif takirgizit nettat imi tamenzut-nni d tutlayt ay sseqdacen deg wat'as n yinurar n tudert. D acu kan, ma yeqdec udabu akken ara yerr tutlayt takirgizit d tutlayt idjehden deg wennar n leqdic, anect-a ad d-yejbed ghur-s at'as n medden, yernu ad tesâu azal meqqren ugar imi ula d nettat ad tesâu ddur' di tmurt-a u ad tesâu lfayda gher medden. Ghef umedya, yezmer udabu ad yessuter si tner'misin (entreprises) merr'a n tmurt, ama d tighelnawin negh d tiberr'aniyin, ad ssuturent deg yiqeddacen-nsent ad issinen takirgizit u ad ssebghasent (encourager) iqeddacen ad sseqdacen tutlayt takirgizit di leqdic.\nD acu kan, akken ad yishil ghef tkirgizit ad tughal d tutlayt n tsuda (institutions) akk d tutlayt n leqdic, ilaq ad yeqbel udabu ad is'erref idrimen ilaqen i wesnerni n tutlayt-agi s timmad-is. Imi, akken d-nebder yagi, takirgizit ur tesâi ara akk awalen ay teh'wadj akken ad tqabel yis-sen tallit n wass-a, ilaq ad yeqdec udabu akken ara tt-yesnerni, ad tt-yerr d tutlayt tatrart, d tutlayt tizeght (standardisée). Di teswiât-agi i deg nella ass-a, imesnilsiyen (linguistes) ay izemren ad d-lhun d wesnerni n tutlayt akken ilaq, atni a qeddcen deg yimukan i deg zemren ad aghen at'as n yedrimen, di lweqt i deg wid iqeddcen deg wennar (imesnilsiyen ur nesâi ara aswir meqqren, imsuqlen-traducteurs, iselmaden, atg.), mfaraqen, kul yiwen anida yellan, yernu ur a ttaghen ara idrimen imeqqranen, d imi ur ttazmaren ara ad d-ttekkin s lh'adja meqqren deg wesnerni n tutlayt. D acu kan, ilaq ghef udabu ad asen-yeg ifadden i wid m! e rr'a ay izemren ad snernin tutlayt, ad ten-yettxellis' mlih' u ad asen-yefk akk ttawil h'wadjen i lmend n wanect-a.\nDi tgara, ur ilaq ara ad nettu digh azal meqqren ay yesâa uselmed deg usider n tutlayt. Imi d agherbaz ay d amkan i deg ay d-ttenkarent tsutyin n uzekka ara ikemmlen ad ttmeslayent tutlayt-nsent, ilaq ghef udabu ad yeqdec akken ara yerr takirgizit d tutlayt ara yafen iman-is mlih' deg ugherbaz. Dgha, ilaq ad yefk azal i usilegh (formation) n yiselmaden, u ad asen-yeg annanen (stages) yelhan akken ad zemren ad fken asselmed igerrzen i yinelmaden-nsen. Si tama nnid'en, ilaq digh ghef udabu ad yebded akken ilaq i tghara (qualité) n wahilen (porgrammes) n usselmed n tkirgizit deg ugherbaz, ad ten-yerr d ahilen i yesernayen azal n tutlayt takirgizit deg wallen n Yikirgiziyen imect'ah' u ad ughalen h'emmlen-tt, d ahilen yettaken llsas yelhan di tmusni i yinelmaden yernu iteg-asen ifadden akken ad qablen ddunit s tutlayt-nsen. Dgha, ur ilaq ara ad ikukru udabu ad d-issuffegh idlisen n ugherbaz ifazen yesâan taghara yelhan, am ! w id-nni n trusit, akken ad yesselmed takirgizit akken ilaq lh'al.\nTugh, ma tkemmel tegnit akken tella ass-a, tezmer ad tawed' trusit, ayen yufan mlih' iman-is di Kirgizistan, alamma tekkes-as amkan-is i tkirgizit di yal wannar, u ad tt-terr d tutlayt kan n uzamul ur nseââu ara akk ddur' di tmirt-is. Deg tama-yagi n wemd'al i deg igduden atni a ttughalen s iz'uran-nsen, a ttnadin ad sâun tanettit idjehden akken ur ttâwaden ara ad d-ghlin ger n yifassen n uberr'ani ara ten-ih'ekmen u ad ten-yesselh'u akken i s-yehwa netta, Kirgizistan tettban-d amzun tefka afus ghef tutlayt-is, mbeâd ma tnuda ula d nettat, yiwen n lweqt akken, ad terr takirgizit d tigejdit n tnettit taghelnawt. Yugh lh'al, imal (futur) n kra tutlayt yeqqen mlih' gher lebghi n wegdud ay tt-yettmeslayen akken ad as-yebded, ad yethella deg-s u ad as-yefk amkan ay tuklal di tmetti negh di tmurt. Xas ma yella Kirgizistan d tamurt ur nesâi ara ttawil ay sâant tmura timer'kantiyin akken ad d-tessider tutlayt-is, ttilint tikwal! i deg agdud negh adabu ilaq ad yeqbel ad yeg tighersawin (sacrifices) i lmend n ussukkes (usellek) n wayen yesâa ghlay di tmurt-is.\nI tmerniwt n yisallen, rzut ghef wassagh-agi :\nTabrat n Yimedyazen Utt'un 5 : Assider n tutlayt tirlandit\nTabrat n Yimedyazen Utt'un 14 : Tasertit n tutlayin di Ist'unya\nTabrat n Yimedyazen Utt'un 16 : Tamsalt n tutlayt di Cameroun\nTutlayt takirgizit d nettat ay d tutlayt taghelnawt n Kirgizistan, yernu ttmeslayen-tt wazal n 2 n yimelyunen n medden, Ikirgiziyen. Di tmura ay d-iqerben Kirgizistan llan digh wat'as n wid ay tt-yettmeslayen. Di lweqt i deg llan 150.000 n medden ay tt-yettmeslayen di Ccinwa, ladgha di tama tafulmant (autonome) n Sinkiang-Uighur, llant digh wat'as n trebbaâ timect'ah' n Yikirgiziyen ay tt-yettmeslayen deg wetram (lgherb) n Mungulya, di Kazaxestan, di Tadjikistan akk d Uzbikistan. Nezmer digh ad naf kra di Afghanistan, di Tt'erk akk d Pakistan.\nTakirgizit d yiwet si tutlayin n twacult tat'erkit, dgha tutlayin ay tt-icuban tt'uqqtent u nezmer ad d-nebder gar-asent tat'erkit, tazirit (n Azerbidjan), tatatar't (n Tatarestan, di Rusya), tawigurt (ay ttmeslayen di Ccinwa), tuzbikit n Uzbikistan akk d wat'as n tiyad', d acu kan, tutlayt i gher tettemcabi at'as, d takazaxit ay ttmeslayen s umata di Kazaxestan. Tawacult n tutlayin tit'erkiyin d tawacult meqqren i deg llant wat'as n tutlayin n Asya, yernu ttekkant deg-s ula d tutlayt tamungulit, u llan wid ay yesqeben ula d takurit akk d tjapunit gher twacut-a.\nTakirgizit tesâa snat n tentalyin timeqqranin, tin n ugafa (nord) akk d tin n wenz'ul (sud). Takirgizit tizeght (standard) d tin ay d-yufraren si tentala n ugafa, yernu llan deg-s wat'as n wawalen ay d-yekkan si tmungulit akk d tkazaxit, di lweqt i deg tantala n wenz'ul, ad naf deg-s at'as n wawalen ay d-yekkan si tuzbikit akk d tutlayin tir'aniyin am tfarsit (perse) akk d ttadjikit.\nTasghent (ddur') n tkirgizit di tmetti\nXas tesseqdec tutlayt takirgizit agemmay aâr'ab i tallit ghezzifen deg umezruy, maca alammi d tallit tasuvyatit ay yettwaxdem leqdic i lmend n ussizegh (standardisation) n tutlayt-agi akken ad tughal ad tettuseqdac, gher tama n trusit, deg uselh'u n lumur' timens'abin n Tegduda Tasuvyatit n Kirgizistan. Ass-a, takirgizit lemmden-tt warrac alamma d aswir n tesnawit (lycée). Ma di tesdawit, asselmed yettili-d ama s trusit negh s tkirgizit, ghef leh'sab n yinurar n tmusni. Di 1926, ala kan 5% seg yimezdaghen n Kirgizistan ay yellan ssnen ad ghren u ad arun di lweqt i deg 67% seg yimezdaghen n tmurt d wid yettmeslayen takirgizit, ma di 1970, wwd'en wid yessnen ad ghren gher 100%, di lweqt i deg wid yettmeslayen takirgizit neqsen-d gher 44% di tallit-nni. Anect-a yed'ra-d imi nnernan yemdanen n yegduden nnid'en ay d-yettasen gher Kirgizistan, dgha nnig n Yirusiyen ay yebdan zeddghen tamurt-a si lqern wis 19, asmi teghli s dd! a w n leh'kem arusi, rnan usan-d at'as n yemdanen nnid'en di tallit tasuvyatit, yernu merr'a igduden-agi d tarusit ay llan sseqdacen-tt wagar-asen. D acu kan, seg wasmi ay tewwi Kirgizistan azarug-is di 1991, ar ass-a, bdan ttanqasen Yirusiyen si Kirgizistan. Mbeâd ma llan 22% seg yimezdaghen n Kirgizistan d Irusiyen di 1990, wwd'en di 2001 gher 15%, maca tazrirt-nsen (influence) mazal tedjhed, yernu tutlayt-nsen d yiwet si tutlayin idjehden akk di tmurt.\nUqbel ma ted'ra-d Tegrawla Tarusit n 1917, tella tkirgizit ur tesâi ula d yiwen n weghmis. Ma di 1983, tughal tkirgizit tesâa 61 n yeghmisen akk d 16 n tesghunin, am wakken ay d-ffghen 513 n yedlisen s tkirgizit deg useggas-nni. Kirgizistan tesâa digh tiregwa n rr'adyu akk d tilibizyu yettmeslayen s tkirgizit.\nDi lqern wis 8 ay d-tettwabder tkirgizit i tikkelt tamenzut deg umezruy, deg yiwet n tirawt (inscription) yuran s tt'erkit taqburt di Asya Talemmast. Di tallit-nni, llan lejdud n Yikirgiziyen ttidiren di tama taâlayant n wasif n Yenisey, deg ugafa n Mungulya, d yiwet n tama ay d-yuzgan ass-a di Sibirya, yernu tira tit'erkiyin tiqburin ay d-ufan deg wemkan-nni qqaren-d yimassanen d akken d nitni ay tent-yeddjan.\nAsmi ay smeghren Yimunguliyen amenkud-nsen (Empire) yernu kecmen gher wat'as n tmura ay rz'an negh rwin-tent, rewlen Yikirgiziyen s anz'ul, gher tama n yidurar n Tien Shan, d tama i deg d-tuzga ass-a Kirgizistan. D acu kab, ula d tamurt-a ur temniâ ara seg yegduden it'erkiyen akk d Yimunguliyen ay tt-id-ikecmen ach'al d abrid yernu srewlen ah'ric seg Yikirgiziyen gher Turkestan (Sinkiang ay teh'kem Ccinwa ass-a). Xas ma yella di tlemmast n lqern wis 18, tella Kirgizistan d ah'ric itebâen s yisem gher Ccinwa, maca tamurt-a tella tesâa tilelli meqqren. Mbeâd ma tesâedda Kirgizistan tallit wezzilen s ddaw n leh'kem n yegduden it'erkiyen n Asya Talemmast, teghli ger n yifassen n Umenkud Arusi, d ayen ay yeddkan kra n yemsiwlen n tkirgizit ad rewlen gher Afghanistan akk d yidurar n Pamir. Assebded n Tdukli Tasuvyatit yegla-d s ccwal meqqren imi ay refden Yikirgiziyen leslah' akken ad nnaghen ghef tlelli-nsen, d acu kan, ighil ay sxedmen Yirusiyen mgal-nsen yessawed' at'as n Yikirgiziyen ad rewlen gher Ccinwa. Di 1919, tughal Kirgizistan d ah'ric si tegduda tanemlayt (socialiste) tasuvyatit n Turkman, sakin, di 1936, tughal d tagduda i yiman-is, d yiwet si xmest'ac-nni n tegdudyin n Tdukli Tasuvyatit. Deg wass n 31 Ghect n 1991, tughal Kirgizistan d tamurt timziregt, u tughal d tamaslad't (membre) di Tmetti n Yiwunak Imzirgen (Communauté des Etats Indépendants) ay d-yettusbedden mbeâd ma teghli Tdukli Tasuvyatit.\nAh'ric meqqren seg wed'ris-agi yettwakkes-d seg wemd'iq n :\nTasuqilt akk d uheggi n Hamid OUBAGHA d Nadir BOUAOUNI\nAgemmay n tmazight akken ay t-id-tessumer WAAC, i lmend n tira n tmazight di internet :\na ----- azul, argaz, amazigh\nâ ----- âiwen, ceggeâ, aâessas\nb ----- baba, ibki, abuqal\nc ----- acawi, uccen, taccuyt\nd ----- dadda, tidet, udi\nd'----- ad'u, id'elli, ad'ad\ndj ---- afendjal, taddjalt, tajeddjigt\ne ----- enz, amenzu, kkes\nf ----- tafat, uffal, ifires\ng ----- agu, tagmart, amger\ngh ---- ighi, imghi, ilelli\nh ----- ahuddu, ahrawan, ahil\nh' ---- tah'anut, ah'bib, ah'riq\ni ----- iri, izimer, icimmi\nj ----- ajerrid', ajemmid', ajellab\nk ----- aksum, ikkil, ikerri\nl ----- tilelli, tala, iles\nm ----- tama, tament, amkan\nn ----- annar, inighem, inisi\nq ----- aqbayli, tuqqna, ameqqran\nr ----- amrar, ifer, tiririt\nr' ---- r'wu, takerr'ust, tar'umit\ns ----- tasa, isem, tasusmi\ns' ---- las'el, tibs'elt, afess'el\nt ----- tata, tamdint, tamurt\ntc ---- ettc, kettc, atcamar\nt' ---- tit', t'umat'ic, aqent'ar\nu ----- ulac, tuyat, udem\nw ----- awal, wali, weltma\nx ----- axxam, taxsayt, tabexsist\ny ----- yemma, amezruy, amayeg\nz ----- azedgan, uzzal, izi\nz' ---- az'idan, zz'el, iz'i\nGM : agemmay-agi ur yelli d asumer (proposition) n tiddukla-nnegh akken ad nbeddel agemmay-nni n tmazight amagnu (normal - agemmay agrigi-alatini) ay nessexdam i tira n tutlayt-nnegh, wanag imi ur nezmir ara ad naru di internet isekkilen yesâan izumal n ussemgerrad (lettres diacritiques) akk d yisekkilen-nni igrigen (lettres grecques) yellan deg ugemmay amazigh, nessumer-d agemmay-agi akken ad nefru, si leâd'il (provisoirement) ugur-agi.\n<<< Qqel γer Ụṭ̣̣ṭ̣un 7 Ddu γer Ụṭ̣̣ṭ̣un 9 >>>


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url: =A dak-dd-yeqḍu s uḥenneḍ | Le RIFAIN\nA dak-dd-yeqḍu s uḥenneḍ\n« A dak-dd-yeqḍu s uḥenneḍ ».\nAwal-a yettwaqqar x ca n yijjen waxxa yessawal, ittenhezza … Maca wer ɣer-s min ɣa yegg, wer ittiwi walu.\nManis i dd-yekka wawal-a?\nZeg yijjen tḥajit a tt-dd-εawdeɣ lexxu:\nDi min yeɛdun, ttuɣa din ijjen umeksa ittras ɣer yijjen, uca lebda ttuɣa itticc-as aɣrum aberkan, ittett yessecca kid-s aqzin-nnes.\nIjjen wass, isewweq wenni i ɣer ittras, uca yiwi-dd aɣrum n buyu. Yewca-s ijj n tbuyut yeksi-tt akid-s.\nTewta deg-s tfukt mliḥ, yewεed ijj n tili, yekkes-dd tbuyut-nni a tt-yecc. Yufa-tt terḍeb mliḥ. Amcum-nni n weqzin iqabel-it-idd ittḥennaḍ anewwar ḥuma a das-yenḍer ijj n uleqquz. Maca ameksa wer yesxi zi buyu-nni. Uca yenna-s i weqzin:\n« A dak dd-yeqḍu s uḥenneḍ »\nYeqqar-as zeεma: eyya ma ad tḥennḍed anewwar, aqa aɣrum n buyu ima a deg-k yewḍa!\nƔer ɛawed: Tḥajit n Rapunzel