url: =List Results 13591\nAbdagasesAemilianAgathocleiaAgathocleia and StratoAgathoclesAmyntasAntialcidasAntimachus IAntimachus IIAntiochus IIApollodotus IApollodotus IIApollophanesArchebiusArsakes TheosArtemidorusBalbinus and PupienusDemetrius IDemetrius IIDemetrius IIIDiodotus IDiodotus IIDiomedesDionysiusElagabalusEpanderEucratides IEucratides IIEuthydemus IEuthydemus IIGondopharesGordian I and Gordian IIGordian IIIHeliocles IHeliocles IIHermaeusHermaeus and CalliopeHippostratusKharahostesLysiasMaximinusMenander IMenander IIMujatriaNiciasOrthagnes GadanaPakoresPantaleonPhilip IPhiloxenusPlatoPolyxenusRajuvulaSasesSatavastresSeptimius SeverusSeverus AlexanderSodasaSorpedonesStrato IStrato IIStrato IIITheophilusTrajan DeciusTrebonianus GallusUbouzanesZeionises / JihonikaZoilus IZoilus II'Umar II b. 'Abd al-Azīz‘Abbās I‘Abbās II‘Abbās III‘Abd al-‘Azīz (Jānid)‘Abd al-Aḥad (Mangit Khāns)‘Abd al-Ḥalīm b. Ibrāhīm‘Abd al-Latīf‘Abd al-Malik‘Abd al-Malik I Nūḥ (Samanid)‘Abd al-Nabī‘Abd al-Raḥmān (Bārakzāy)‘Abd al-Rashīd b. Maḥmūd (Ghaznavid)‘Abd al-Shakūr‘Abd Allāh (Ṭāhirid)‘Abd Allāh (Timurid)‘Abd Allāh b. Muḥammad‘Abd Allāh II (Shaybānīd)‘Abd Allāh Khān‘Ādīl Shāh‘Aḍud al-Dawla, Abū Shujā·(Būyid)‘Alī b. al-Ḥasan‘Alī b. al-Ḥasan‘Alī b. Muḥammad (Zanj)‘Alī b. Yūsuf‘Alī Beg‘Alī Murād‘Alim Khān (Mangit Khāns)‘Amr b. al-Layth, Abū Ḥafṣ (Ṣaffārid)‘Aṭā Muḥammad Bāmīzāy‘Azīz Shaykh‘Imād al-Dawla, ‘Alī b.Buwayh‘Imād al-Dawla, Abū Kalī(n)jar (Būyid)‘Imād al-Dīn Zangī‘Imād al-Dīn Zengī‘Izz al-Dawla, Abū ‘Alī Manṣūr Bakhtīyār (Būyid)‘Ubayd Allāh (Shaybānīd)‘Ubayd Allāh al-Mahdī‘Uthmān (Āq Quyūnlū)‘Uthmān ibn ‘Affān’Alā’ al-Dawla, Abū Ja’far Muḥammad (Kākwayhid)’Uddat al-Dawla, Abū Taghlib (Ḥamdānid)AbāqāAbāqāAbū ‘Alī al-FarajAbū al-Ghāzī (Jānid)Abū al-Ḥusayn b. Aḍud al-DawlaAbū al-QāsimAbū Bakr b MuḥammadAbū Bakr b. Afffal JarādAbū Isḥāq (Īnjūyid)Abū Manṣūr Alptekīn al-Mu’izzīAbū Muḥammad IAbū Muḥammad IAbū Sa‘īdAbū Sa‘īd (Shaybānīd)Abū Sa‘īd (Timurid)Abū Yazīd al-NukkārīAdrien de Wignacourt, Grandmaster at Malta, 1690-1697Agathokles of SyracuseĀghā Muḥammad ShāhAḥmadAḥmad b. 'AlīAḥmad b. ‘Abd al-‘Azīz (Dulāfid)Aḥmad b. ‘Abd Allāh (Khujistānid)Aḥmad b. ‘Alī (Qarākhānid)Aḥmad b. ‘Alī (Su‘lūkid)Aḥmad b. Asad (Samanid)Aḥmad b. Ibrahīm, local ruler at ŪzkāndAḥmad b. Ismā‘īl (Samanid)Aḥmad b. KhālidAḥmad b. Muḥammad (Banijūrid)Aḥmad b. Muḥammad (Ṣaffārid)Aḥmad ibn ṬūlūnAḥmad II b. MuḥammadAḥmad JalāyirAḥmad ShāhAl- Sulṭānīya al-Mujāhidīyaal-‘Āḍid li-Dīn Allāhal-‘Ādil Abū Bakr Ial-‘Ādil Abū Bakr IIal-‘Ādil Abū Bakr IIal-‘Ādil Kitbughāal-‘Ādil Salāmishal-‘Azīzal-‘Azīz ‘Uthmānal-‘Azīz billāhal-‘Azīz Muḥammadal-‘Aziz Ṭughtakīnal-’Adil Sayf al-Dīn Abū Bakr (al-'Adil I; Ayyūbid)al-’Azīz ‘Uthmān (Ayyūbid)al-Afḍal ’Alī (Ayyūbid)al-Afḍal al-‘Abbāsal-Amīnal-Āmir bi-Aḥkām Allāhal-Ashraf Aynalal-Ashraf Barsbāyal-Ashraf Ismā‘īlal-Ashraf Khalīlal-Ashraf Mūsāal-Ashraf Qā’itbāyal-Ashraf Qānṣūh al-Ghūrīal-Ashraf Sha‘bān IIal-Ashraf Ṭūmānbāyal-Awḥad AyyūbAl-Bahā’ lillāhAl-Bāhūnī?al-ḌubrAl-Hadīal-Hādī Muḥammadal-Hādī Yaḥyā b. al-Ḥusaynal-Ḥāfiẓ li-Dīn Allāhal-Ḥakam Ial-Ḥakam IIal-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāhal-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāhal-Ḥasan b. Marwanal-Ḥasan b. Sulaymānal-Ḥusayn b. Aḥmadal-Ḥusayn b. Dūstak (Marwanid)al-Kāmil Muḥammadal-Kāmil Sha‘bān Ial-Layth b.·’Alī (Ṣaffārid)al-Ma'mūnal-Ma'mun al-Qasimal-Ma’mūnAl-Mahdīal-Mahdī ‘Abd Allāhal-Mahdī ‘Abd Allāhal-Mahdī al-‘Abbāsal-Mahdi Miuhammadal-Mahdi Muhammadal-Mahdī MuḥammadAl-Malik Sa‘dAl-Mansural-Manṣūr ‘Alīal-Manṣūr ‘Alīal-Manṣūr ‘Alī IIal-Manṣūr ‘Umaral-Manṣūr Abū Bakral-Manṣūr Aḥmad (Artuqid)al-Manṣūr al-Ḥusayn IIal-Manṣūr Ḥamīd al-Dīnal-Manṣūr Muḥammadal-Manṣūr Muḥammadal-Manṣūr Muḥammad Ial-Manṣūr Qalā’ūnal-Mas‘ūd Yūsufal-Mu'taṣimal-Mu‘aẓẓam Tūrānshāh IVal-Mu‘izz Aybakal-Mu‘izz li-Dīn Allāhal-Mu‘taḍidal-Mu‘tamīdal-Mu‘tazzal-Mu’ayyad Dā’ūdal-Mu’ayyad Muḥammadal-Mu’ayyad Shaykhal-Mu’aẓẓam Mu’izz al-Dīn Maḥmūdal-Mujāhid ‘Alīal-Mukarram Aḥmadal-Muktafīal-Muntaṣiral-Muqtadiral-Muqtadiral-Musta‘īnal-Musta‘lī billāhal-Mustaḍīal-Mustakfīal-Mustanjidal-Mustanṣiral-Mustanṣir billāhal-Mustaʿṣimal-Mutawakkilal-Mutawakkil Aḥmadal-Mutawakkil Ismā‘īlal-Mutawakkil Sharaf al-Dīnal-Mutawakkil Yaḥyāal-Muṭī‘al-Muttaqīal-Muttaqīal-Muẓaffar Baybars IIal-Muẓaffar Ghāzīal-Muẓaffar Ḥājjī Ial-Muẓaffar Mu·izz al-Dīn Sanjar Shāh (Zangids of al-Jazīra)al-Muẓaffar Quṭuzal-Muẓaffar Yūṣufal-Muʿtamidal-Nāṣiral-Nāṣir Aḥmadal-Nāṣir Aḥmadal-Nasir Alial-Nāṣir Ayyūbidal-Nāṣir Faraj, 1st reignal-Nāṣir Faraj, 2nd reignal-Nāṣir Ḥasan, 1st reignal-Nāṣir Ḥasan, 2nd reignal-Nāṣir Muḥammadal-Nāṣir Muḥammad, 3rd reignal-Nāṣir Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Yūsuf Ial-Nāṣir Yūsuf IIal-Qā’im bi-Amr Allāhal-Qāhiral-Rāḍīal-Ṣāliḥ Ayyūbal-Ṣāliḥ Ḥājjī II, 1st reignal-Ṣāliḥ Ḥājjī II, 2nd reignal-Ṣāliḥ Ismā‘īlal-Ṣāliḥ Ismā‘īlal-Ṣāliḥ Ismā‘īlal-Ṣāliḥ Muḥammadal-Ṣāliḥ Ṣāliḥal-Ṣāliḥ Shams al-Dīn ṢāliḥAl-Sulṭān ḤajjAl-Sulṭān Muḥammad al-MujāhidAl-Walīd IAl-Walīd II b. Yazīdal-Wāthiqal-Wāthiq bi-al-Mulk Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammadal-Wāthiq bi-al-Samad Sharaf b. Muḥammadal-Ẓāfir bi-Amr Allāhal-Zāhiral-Ẓāhir ’Īsåal-Zāhir Barqūq, 1st reignal-Zāhir Barqūq, 2nd reignal-Zāhir Baybars Ial-Ẓāhir Ghāzīal-Ẓāhir Jaqmaqal-Ẓāhir Khushqadamal-Ẓāhir li-I‘zāz Dīn Allāhal-Ẓāhir Qānṣūhal-Ẓāhir TimurbughāAldwulf of East AngliaAlexander III of MacedonAlexander III of ScotlandAlexander Vi, pope, 1492-1503Alexios IIAlexios IIIAlexios IVAlfons I, Count of BarcelonaAlfonso I ('the Battler'), King of AragónAlfonso I ('the Battler'), King of NavarreAlfonso II, King of AragónAlof de Wignacourt, Grandmaster at Malta, 1601-1622Alp ArslānAlp Arslān (Great Seljūq)Alpī, Najm al-Dīn (Artuqid)AlughūÁn (Yến) Đô Vương (晏都王)An Đô Vương (安都王)Andronikos I GidonAndronikos IIIAnne, queen of England, Scotland, and IrelandAnne, queen of Great Britain and IrelandAntoninus PiusAntonio Manoel de Vilhena, Grandmaster at Malta, 1722-1736AnūshīrawānArghūnArghūnArpā Gā’ūnArslān ArghūArslān KhānArslān Shāh I, Nūr al-DīnAs-SaffāḥAshraf Shāh (Ghilzāy)AspānAugustusAyyūb ShāhAzesAzilisesÆlfwald of East AngliaÆthelred IIBābā KhānBadr b. ḤasanwayhBahā al-Dawla, Abū Naṣr (Būyid)Bahrām b. ‘AlīBahrāmshāh b. Mas‘ūdBảo Định (寶定)BảoHưng (寶興)BarkyāruqBasilBatūBāydūBayezid IBayezid IIBayezid II?Beg PūlādBinh An Vương (平安王)Bīrdī BegBunsei 文政Būyān QulīCaligulaCàn Tông (乾綜)Cảnh Thịnh (景盛)Chaghrī Beg Dā’ūdChaghrī Beg Dā’ūd (Great Seljūq)Charles I, king of England, Scotland, and IrelandCharles II, king of England, Scotland, and IrelandChingiz KhānChúa (Lord) Hiền (賢主), Thái Tông Hiếu TriếtChúa (Lord) Nghĩa (義主), Anh Tông Hiếu NghĩaChúa (Lord) Quốc (主國), Hiển Tông Hiếu MinhChúa (Lord) Sãi (仕主), Hy Tông Hiếu VănChúa (Lord) Thượng (上主), Thần Tông Hiếu ChiêuChúa (Lord) Tiên (仙主), Thái Tổ Gia DụClaudiusCnut, king of England, 1016-1035CommodusDā’ūd b. al-ḤasanDā’ūd b. SulaymānDaidō - 大同Darwīsh AḥmadDavid II of ScotlandDawlut BīrdīDiên Thành (延成)Dionysius I of SyracuseDomitianDūst MuḥammadĐại Định (大定)Đinh Phế Đế, Thái Bình (太平)Đinh Tiên Hoàng, Thái Bình (太平)Định Vương (定王)Định Vương (定王), Duệ Tông Hiếu ĐịnhĐoan Nam Vương (端南王)Đoan Thái (端泰)Edward IEdward IIEdward IIIEdward the Confessor (1042-66)Edward VI of England, 1547-1553Elizabeth, Queen of England, 1558-1603Emanuele Pinto, Grandmaster at Malta, 1741-1773Emir SüleymanEmmanuel de Rohan, Grandmaster at Malta, 1775-1797Engi - 延喜Enryaku - 延暦EretnāFaḍl b. MiuḥammadFaḍl b. Muḥammad (Faḍl I - Shaddādid)Fakhr al-Dawla, Abū al-Ḥasan ’Alī (Būyid)Fakhr al-Dawla, Abū al-Ḥasan ’Alī (Būyid)Fakhr al-Dīn Qarā ArslānFarāmurz, Abū ManṣūrFarrukhzād b. Mas‘ūdFatḥ ‘Alī ShāhFatḥ JangFerdinand von Hompesch, Grandmaster at Malta, 1797-1798Fifth Republic of SyracuseFirst Republic of SyracuseFūlādGalbaGaykhātūGelon I of SyracuseGelon I or Hieron I of SyracuseGeorgeGhāzān MaḥmūdGhāzī Girāy II b. Dawlat GirāyGhāzī I, Nājm al-Dīn (Artuqid)Ghāzī II, Sayf al-DīnGiản Định Đế, Hưng Khánh (興慶)Giyath al-Din MuḥammadḤabīb AllāhHadrianHājjī GirāyḤamzaHarold IIHarthacnut (1035-42)Hārūn al-RashīdHarūn b. KhumārawayhḤasanḤasan ‘AlīḤasan b. Muḥammad (Qarlughid)Ḥassān b. MuffarijHaydarHenry I (1100-1135)Henry II (1154-1180)Henry III (1216-72)Henry VII, king of EnglandHenry VIII of England, 1509-1547Hetoum I, King of ArmeniaHetoum II, King of ArmeniaHieron I of SyracuseHieron II of SyracuseHieronymos of SyracuseHiketas of SyracuseHishām b. ‘Abd al-MalikHisham IIHlothere of KentHōei 宝永Hồng Ninh (洪寧)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shah_Shoja_MozaffariHugues Loubens de Verdalle, Grandmaster at Malta, 1582-1595HūlāgūHumāyūnHưng Trị (興治)Ḥusām al-Dawla, Abū Ḥassān (‘Uqaylid)Ḥusām al-Dīn Yūluq Arslān (Artuqid)IbrāhīmIbrahīm b. al-Ḥusayn, local ruler at ŪzkāndIbrāhīm b. Ismā‘īlIbrahīm b. Mas‘ūd (Ghaznavid)Ibrāhīm b. Mūsā b. Ja‘farIbrāhīmshāhĪl-Ghāzī II, Quṭb al-Dīn (Artuqid)IlchigidāyIsḥāq b. ḤasanIskandarIskander (Shaybānīd)Ismā‘īl al-Manṣūr billāhIsmā‘īl b. Aḥmad (Samanid)Ismā‘īl IIsmā‘īl IIIsmā‘īl IIIJa‘far KhānJahāngirJahānshāhJalāl al-Dawla, Abū Ṭāhir (Būyid)James I the Conqueror, Count of BarcelonaJames I the Conqueror, King of AragónJames IV, king of Scotland, 1488-1513James V, king of Scotland, 1514-1542James VI and I, king of Scotland, England and Ireland, 1603-1625James VI, king of ScotlandJames VII/II, king of England, Ireland, and ScotlandJanāḥ al-Dawla ‘Alī (‘Uqaylid)Jānī BegJānī BegJean de la Vallette, Grandmaster at Malta, 1557-1568Jean-Paul Lascaris Castellar, Grandmaster at Malta, 1636-1657Jihān TimūrJōgan - 貞観John Baliol of ScotlandJohn I AxuchosJohn IIJohn IIIJohn IVJōwa (Shōwa) - 承和Juan de Omodes, Grandmaster at Malta, 1536-1553Julius II, pope, 1503-1513Justin IKāfūrKamāl al-Dawla Gharīb (‘Uqaylid)Kāmrān ShāhKanpyō - 寛平Karīm KhānKashō - 嘉祥Kaykā’ūs I, ‘Izz al-DīnKaykā’ūs IIKaykhusraw I, Ghiyāth al-DīnKaykhusraw II, Ghiyåth al-DīnKaykhusraw IIIKayqubād I, Alā’ al-DīnKayqubād IIKeichō 慶長Khai Đại (開大)Khalaf b. Āḥmad (Ṣaffārid)Khālid b. AḥmadKhalīl AllāhKhang Hựu (康佑)Khayr PūlādKhizr KhānKhudāyār, 1st reignKhudāyār, 3rd reignKhumārawayh b. AḥmadKhusra FīrūzKhusraw Malik b. KhusrawshāhKhusrawshāh b. BahrāmshāhKibākKibākKibāk KhānKildī BegKohandil Khān, 1st reignKohandil Khān, 2nd reignKökbūrī, Muẓaffar al-Dīn Abū NaṣrLê Anh Tông, Chính Trị (正治)Lê Anh Tông, Hồng Phuc (洪福)Lê Anh Tông, Thiên Hựu (天祐)Lê Chân Tông, Phúc Thái (福泰)Lê Chiêu Tông, Quang Thiệu (光紹)Lê Cung Hoàng, Thống Nguyên (統元)Lê Dụ Tông, Bào Thái (保泰)Lê Dụ Tông, Vĩnh Thịnh (永盛)Lê Đại Hành, Hưng Thống (興統)Lê Đại Hành, Thiên Phúc (天福)Lê Đại Hành, Ứng Thiên (應天)Lê Để Duy Phương, Vĩnh Khánh (永慶)Lê Gia Tông, Dương Đức (陽德)Lê Gia Tông, Đức Nguyên (德元)Lê Hi Tông, Chính Hòa (正和)Lê Hi Tông, Vĩnh Trị (永治)Lê Hiến Tông, Cảnh Hưng (景興)Lê Hiến Tông, Cảnh Thống (景統)Lê Huyền Tông, Cảnh Trị (景治)Lê Kinh Tông, Hoằng Định (弘定)Lê Kinh Tông, Thận Đức (慎德)Lê Mần Đế, Chiêu Thống (昭統)Lê Ngọa Triều, Cảnh Thụy (景瑞)Lê Ngọa Triều, Ứng Thiên (應天)Lê Nhân Tông, Diên Ninh (延寧)Lê Nhân Tông, Thái Hòa (太和)Lê Thái Tổ, Thuận Thiên (順天)Lê Thái Tông, Đại Bảo (大寶)Lê Thái Tông, Thiệu Binh (紹平)Lê Thần Tông, Dương Hoa (德隆)Lê Thần Tông, Đức Long (德隆)Lê Thần Tông, Khánh Đức (慶德)Lê Thần Tông, Thịnh Đức (盛德)Lê Thần Tông, Vạn Khánh (萬慶)Lê Thần Tông, Vĩnh Thọ (永壽)Lê Thần Tông, Vĩnh Tộ (永祚)Lê Thánh Tông, Hồng Đức (洪德)Lê Thánh Tông, Quang Thuận (光順)Lê Thế Tông, Gia Thái (嘉泰)Lê Thế Tông, Quang Hưng (光興)Lê Thuần Tông, Long Đức (龍德)Lê Trang Tông, Nguyên Hòa (元和)Lê Trung Tông, Long Việt (龍越)Lê Trung Tông, Thuận Binh (順平)Lê Túc Tông, Thái Trinh (泰貞)Lê Tương Dực, Hồng Thuận (洪順)Lê Uy Mục, Đoan Khánh (端慶)Lê Ý Tông, Vĩnh Hựu (永祐)Leo X, pope, 1513-1521Levon I, King of Armenia, 1199-1219Levon II, King of ArmeniaLong Thái' (龍泰)Lu’lu’, Badr al-DīnLý Anh Tông, Chính Long Bảo ứng (政隆寶應)Lý Anh Tông, Đại Định (大定)Lý Anh Tông, Thiên Cảm Chí Bảo (天感至寶)Lý Anh Tông, Thiệu Minh (紹明)Lý Cao Tông, Thiên Gia Bảo Hựu (天嘉寶祐)Lý Cao Tông, Thiên Tư Gia Thụy (天資嘉瑞)Lý Cao Tông, Trị Binh Long ứng (治平龍應)Lý Cao Tông, Trinh Phù (貞符)Lý Chiêu Hoàng, Thiên Chương Hữu Đạo (天章有道)Lý Huệ Tông, Kiến Gia (建嘉)Lý Nhân Tông, Anh Võ Chiêu Thắng (英武昭勝)Lý Nhân Tông, Hội Phong (會豐)Lý Nhân Tông, Hội Tường Đại Khánh (會祥大慶)Lý Nhân Tông, Long Phù (龍符)Lý Nhân Tông, Quảng Hựu (廣祐)Lý Nhân Tông, Thái Ninh (太寧)Lý Nhân Tông, Thiên Phù Duệ Võ (天符睿武)Lý Nhân Tông, Thiên Phù Khánh Thọ (天符慶壽)Lý Thái Tổ, Thuận Thiên (順天)Lý Thái Tông, Càn Phù Hữu Đạo (乾符有道)Lý Thái Tông, Minh Đạo (明道)Lý Thái Tông, Sùng Hưng Đại Bảo (崇興大寶)Lý Thái Tông, Thiên Cảm Thánh Võ (天感聖武)Lý Thái Tông, Thiên Thành (天成)Lý Thái Tông, Thông Thụy (通瑞)Lý Thần Tông, Thiên Chương Bảo Tự (天章寶嗣)Lý Thần Tông, Thiên Thuận (天順)Lý Thánh Tông, Chương Thánh Gia Khánh ( 彰聖嘉慶)Lý Thánh Tông, Long Chương Thiên Tự ( 龍章天嗣)Lý Thánh Tông, Long Thụy Thái Bình (龍瑞太平)Lý Thánh Tông, Thần Võ (神武)Lý Thánh Tông, Thiên Huống Bảo Tượng (天貺寶象)Mạc Hien Tông, Quảng Hòa (廣和)Mạc Thái Tổ, Minh Đức (明德)Mạc Thái Tông, Đại Chính (大正)Mạc Tuyên Tông, Cảnh Lịch (景曆)Mạc Tuyên Tông, Quang Bảo (光寶)Mạc Tuyên Tông, Vĩnh Định (永定)Mahdī Qulī KhānMaḥmūd (Ghilzāy)Maḥmūd b. Aḥmad, local ruler at ŪzkāndMaḥmūd b. Sebuktegīn (Ghaznavid)Maḥmūd II, Mughīth al-Dīn Abū al-Qasim (Seljūq of Iran)Maḥmūd KhānMaḥmūd ShāhMaḥmūd Shāh (Ghilzāy)Maḥmūd Shāh, 1st reignMaḥmūd Shāh, 2nd reignMaḥmūd, Nāṣir al-Dīn (Zangid)Majd al-Dawla, Abū Ṭālib (Būyid)Malik Arslān b. Mas‘ūdMalikshāh IMallaMan'en 万延Mangū TīmūrMangubarni b. MuḥammadManṣūr b. ‘Alī, (Qarākhānid)Manṣūr b. NūḥManṣūr I b. Nūḥ (Samanid)Manṣūr II b. Nūḥ (Samanid)Manuel I Komnenos, Emperor at Trebizond, 1238-1263Manuel IIManuel IIIMarcantonio Zondadari, Grandmaster at Malta, 1720-1722Marcus AureliusMartin Garzes, Grandmaster at Malta, 1595-1601Marwān IIMary, Queen of ScotsMas‘ūd b. al-ḤusaynMas‘ūd b. Maḥmūd (Ghaznavid)Mas‘ūd I (Seljūqs of Rūm)Mas‘ūd I, ’Izz al-Dīn (Zangid)Mas‘ūd II, ’Izz al-Dīn (Zangid)Mas‘ūd II, Ghiyāth al-Dīn (first reign)Mas‘ūd III b. IbrahīmMas‘ūd, Ghiyāth al-Dīn (Seljūq of Iran)Mas’ūd b. Qilij Arslān IIMauesMawdūd b. Mas‘ūd (Ghaznavid)Mawdūd b. Zangī, Quṭb al-DīnMawdūd, Rukn al-Dīn (Artuqid)Mehmed ÇelebiMehmed IMehmed IIMeiji 明治Menglī Girāy I b. Hājjī GirāyMichaelMinh Đô Vương (明都王)Minh Vương (明王)MöngkeMöngkeMu'ayyid al-DawlaMu’ayyad al-Dawla, Abū Manṣūr (Būyid)Mu’ayyad al-Dawla, Abū Manṣūr (Būyid)Mu’izz al-Dawla, Abū al-Ḥusayn Aḥmad (Būyid)Mu’izz al-Dīn Sanjar ShāhMu’tamid al-Dawla QirwashMugīth al-Dīn ṬughrilMuḥammadMuḥammad ‘Abd al-WadūdMuḥammad ‘Alī (Ming Khans)Muḥammad ‘Umar (Ming Khans)Muḥammad (Great Seljūq)Muḥammad A‘ẓamMuḥammad AfḍalMuḥammad al- ‘Ādīl al-ẒāfīrMuḥammad al-ẒāfīrMuḥammad Amīn (Khiva)Muḥammad b. ‘Abd AllāhMuḥammad b. ‘AlīMuḥammad b. ‘Alī (Qarākhānid)Muḥammad b. ‘AmrMuḥammad b. ’Amr (Ṣaffārid)Muḥammad b. (Yaḥyā? Or ‘Alī?)Muḥammad b. AḥmadMuḥammad b. al-Ḥasan, Toghān-Khān, 1st Reign (Qarākhānid)Muḥammad b. Ḥasan (Qarlughid)Muḥammad b. IsḥāqMuḥammad b. Maḥmūd (1st Reign)Muḥammad b. Nāṣr, ruler of KasanMuḥammad b. Saba’Muḥammad b. Sām, Ghiyāth al-DīnMuḥammad b. Sām, Mu’izz al-DīnMuḥammad b. SulaymānMuḥammad b. Ṭāhir IIMuḥammad b. TekishMuḥammad b. TughjMuḥammad BūlāqMuḥammad ḤasanMuḥammad Ḥasan KhānMuḥammad I (Eretnid)Muḥammad I (Umayyad of Spain)Muḥammad I b. BuzurgūmīdMuhammad IIMuḥammad Isḥāq (rebel at Balkh)Muḥammad KhanMuḥammad Nāṣir al-DīnMuḥammad ShāhMuḥammad ShaybānīMuḥammad Ya‘qūbMumahhid al-Dawla, Abū Manṣūr Sa’īd b. Marwan (Marwanid)Murad IMurad I?Murad IIMurad II?Murad IIIMurīd KhānMusa ÇelebiMuẓaffar al-Dīn (Mangit Khāns)Muẓaffar al-Dīn Sa‘dMuẓaffar al-Dīn TaklaMuʿāwiya b. Abī SufyānMuʿizz al-DawlaNādir ShāhNāṣir al-Dawla, Abū Muḥammad (Ḥamdānid)Nāṣir al-Dīn Artuq Arslān (Artuqid)Nāṣir al-Dīn Maḥmūd (Artuqid)Nāṣir al-Dīn Maḥmūd (Zangid)Nāṣir al-Dīn ShāhNaṣr al-Dawla, Abū Naṣr Muḥammad (Marwanid)Nasr b. ‘Alī (Qarākhānid)Naṣr b. ManṣūrNaṣr I b. Aḥmad (Samanid)Naṣr II b. Aḥmad (Samanid)NaṣrullāhNawrūz b. AḥmadNawrūz BegNeroNervaNguyễn Bảo Đại, Bảo Đại (保大)Nguyễn Cảnh Tông, Đồng Khánh (同慶)Nguyễn Dực Tông, Tự Đức (嗣德)Nguyễn Duy Tân, Duy Tân (維新)Nguyễn Giản Tông, Kiến Phúc (建福)Nguyễn Hàm Nghi, Hàm Nghi (咸宜)Nguyễn Hien Tổ, Thiệu Trị (紹治)Nguyễn Hiệp Hòa, Hiệp Hòa (協和)Nguyễn Hoằng Tông, Khải Định (啓定)Nguyên Long Vương (元隆王)Nguyễn Thành Thái, Thành Thái (成泰)Nguyễn Thánh Tổ, Minh Mạng (Mệnh) (明命)Nguyễn Thế Tổ, Gia Long (嘉隆)Nguyễn Thụy Quốc, Dục Đức (育德)Nguyễn Vương (阮王), (later emperor Gia Long)Ninh Vương (寧王), Túc Tông Hiếu NinhNūḥ b Manṣūr (Samanid)Nuḥ b. NaṣrNūḥ b. Nāṣr (Samanid)Nūḥ II b. NaṣrNūḥ. b. ManṣūrNūr al-Dīn MaḥmūdNūr al-Dīn Muḥammad (Artuqid)ÖgedeiOrhan GaziOsman GaziOthoPedro I, King of AragónPeter I ('the Catholic'), Count of BarcelonaPeter II ('the Catholic'), King of AragonPhilip III ArrhidaeusPīr ‘UmarPīr ḤusaynPīr Muḥammad IPius III, pope, 1503PūlādPūlād KhānPurdil KhānPurdil KhānPurdil Khān, 1st reignPurdil Khān, 2nd reignPyrrhosQāḍī Burhān al-DīnQaplān Girāy I b. Selīm Girāy, 2nd ReignQarā YūsufQawām al-Dawla, Abū al-Fawāris (Būyid)Qawurd Qarā Arslān Beg, ·’Imād al-Dawla (Seljūqs of Kirmān)Qayṣar ShāhQāzān TīmūrQilij Arslān IIQilij Arslān IVQrīm Girāy b. Dawlat Girāy II, 1st ReignQuang Trung (光中)Qūlnā KhānQuṭb al-Dīn MuḥammadQuṭb al-Dīn SukmānQutlugh KhwājaRamon Berenguer III, Count of BarcelonaRamon Berenguer IV, Count of BarcelonaRamon Despuig, Grandmaster at Malta, 1736-1741RiḍwānRukn al-Dawla Abū·’Alī al-Ḥasan (Būyid)RustamRustam b. SharwīnSa‘īd MuḥammadSa’d al-Dawla, Abū Ma’ālī (Ḥamdānid)Ṣādiq KhānSafī ISamā al-Dawla, Abū al-Ḥasan Tawfīq (Būyid)Ṣamṣām al-DawlaṢamṣām al-Dawla, Abū Kālījār al-Marzubān (Būyid)Sancho Ramírez, King of AragónSanjar (Great Seljūq)Sātī BegSayf al-Dawla, Abū al-Ḥasan (Ḥamdānid)Sayf al-Dīn BegtīmūrSayyid Muḥammad (Khiva)Sayyid Muḥammad Raḥīm (Khiva)Sayyid Sulṭān (Ming Khans)Second Republic of SyracuseSecond Republic of Syracuse or reign of Dionysius ISejongSelīm Girāy I b. Bahādur Girāy, 1st ReignSelim ISelim IIShādī BegShāh Shujā‘Shāh SulṭānShāh TīmūrShāh ZamānShāhīn Girāy b. Aḥmad GirāyShāhpūrShāhriyār b. RustamShāhrukhShāhrukh (Afshārid), 1st reignShajarat al-DurrShams al-Dawla (Būyid)Shams al-Ma‘alī Qābūs, 1st ReignSharaf al-Dawla, Abū al-Fawāris Shīrdhīl (Būyid)Shaykh ḤasanShīr ‘AlīShīrdhīlShowa 昭和Shu‘ayb b. IsḥāqShujā‘ al-Mulk, 2nd reignShujā‘ al-Mulk, 5th reignSinān al-Dawla, Abū ’Āmir (‘Uqaylid)Sinjar al-ḤalabīSpalagadamesSpalahoresSpalirisesSukjongSulaymanSulaymānSulaymān (Durrānī)Sulayman b. 'Abd al-MalikSulaymān b. al-ḤasanSulaymān b. al-ḤusaynSulaymān b. Hārūn/ al-Ḥasan, Qadir-KhānSulaymān b. Yūsuf, Arslān KhānSulaymān ISulaymān II as Malik of TokatSulaymān II as SultanSulaymān Tafghāj Khān, ruler in Eastern TurkistanSüleyman ISulṭān AḥmadSulṭān al-Dawla, Abū Shujā (Būyid)Sulṭān Ḥusayn (Jalāyirid)Sulṭān Ḥusayn (Timurid)Sulṭān Ḥusayn I (Safavid)Sulṭān Mas‘ūdSulṭān MuḥammadSùng Khang (崇康)SuyūrghatmishṬaghāy TimūrṬāhir b. ḤusaynṬāhir b. Muḥammad (Ṣaffārid)Ṭåhir II b.·’Abd AllāhṬahmāsp IṬahmāsp IITaisho 大正Tāj al-Dīn Ḥarb b. MuḥammadTāj al-Dīn Naṣr b. BahrāmshāhṬålḥa b. ṬåhirTarmashīrīnTây Vương (西王)Taymūr ShāhTenpo 天保Tenpyō-hōji - 天平宝字Tenpyō-jingo - 天平神護Tentoku - 天徳Thái Đức (泰德)Thanh Đô Vương (淸都王)Thánh Nguyên (聖元)TheodoraThiên Hưng (天興)Thiên Khánh (天慶)Thiên Thượng Hoàng Đế, Vĩnh Thiên (永天)Thiên Ứng (天應)Thiệu Thành (紹成)Third Republic of SyracuseThuận Đức (順德)Thuần Phúc (淳福)TiberiusTimoleonTimoleon or Third Republic of SyracuseTīmūrTimurtāsh, Ḥusām al-Dīn (Artuqid)Tĩnh Đô Vương (靖都王)TitusToghān-Khān Aḥmad b. ‘Alī (Qarākhānid)Tông (Tôn) Đô Vương (宗都王)ToqtamishToqtūTrajanTrần Anh Tông, Hưng Long (興隆)Trần Công Ninh (陳公寧)Trần Dụ Tông, Đại Trị (大治)Trần Dụ Tông, Thiệu Phong (紹豐)Trần Duệ Tông, Long Khánh (隆慶)Trần Hiến Tông, Khai Hựu (開祐)Trần Minh Tông, Đại Khánh (大慶)Trần Minh Tông, Khai Thái (開泰)Trần Nghệ Tông, Thiệu Khánh (紹慶)Trần Nhân Tông, Thiệu Bảo (紹寶)Trần Nhân Tông, Trùng Hưng (重興)Trần Phế Đế, Xương Phù (昌符)Trần Thái Tông, Kiến Trung (建中)Trần Thái Tông, Nguyên Phong (元豐)Trần Thái Tông, Thiên Ứng Chính Binh (天應政平 )Trần Thánh Tông, Bảo Phù, (Hoàng Trần) (寶符，皇陳)Trần Thánh Tông, Thiệu Long (紹隆)Trần Thiếu Đế, Kiến Tân (建新)Trần Thuận Tông, Quang Thái (光泰)Trị Nguyên Vương (治元王)Trùng Quang Đế, Trùng Quang (重光)Tūdā MangūṬughril BegTūlūn BegTuqā TimūrTūqtāmishTūrakīnaTūrānshāh IITūrānshāh IVTutushTuyên Hòa (宣和)ŪljāytūUlugh Tughril-KhānuncertainUways IUy Nam Vương (威南王)ŪzbekUzun ḤasanVespasianVespasianVitelliusVõ An (武安)Võ Vương (武王), Thế Tông Hiếu VõVononesWadō - 和銅Walī MuḥammadWihtred of KentWilliam I (1066-1087)William II (1087-1100)William III/II and Mary II, king and queen of England, Ireland, and ScotlandWilliam III/II, king of England, Ireland, and ScotlandWilliam the Lion of ScotlandYa‘qūbYahyaYār MuḥammadYazīd b. Muʿāwiya b. Abī SufyānYazīd II b. ‘Abd al-MalikYaʿqūb b. LaythYesūn TīmūrYildizYūsuf b. DīwdādYūsuf b. DīwdādYūsuf b. ‘Alī, Arslān-ĪligYūsuf b. Abī BakrYūsuf b. Hārūn, al-Ḥasan, Qadir Khān (Qarākhānid)Yūsuf b. Sa‘īdYūsuf b. WajīhZahīr al-Dawla BīsutūnZangī, ·Imād al-Dīn (Zangid of Sinjār)Zubayr b. ‘UmarʿAbd al-Rahman IʿAbd al-Rahman IIʿAbd al-Raḥman IIIʿAbd Allāh b. al-ZubayrʿAḍud al-DawlaʿAlī bin Abī ṬālibʿImād al-DawlaʿImād al-DīnʿIzz al-Dawla\nAbdagasesAgathocleiaAgathocleia and StratoAgathoclesAmyntasAntialcidasAntimachus IAntimachus IIAntiochus IIApollodotus IApollodotus IIApollophanesArchebiusArsakes TheosArtemidorusDemetrius IDemetrius IIDemetrius IIIDiodotus IDiodotus IIDiomedesDionysiusDương Nhật Le, 1369–1370Đinh Bộ Lĩnh, 968–979Đinh Toàn, 979–980EpanderEucratides IEucratides IIEuthydemus IEuthydemus IIGondopharesHeliocles IHeliocles IIHermaeusHermaeus and CalliopeHippostratusHồ Hán Thương, 1401–1407Hồ Quý Lý, 1400KharahostesLê Bang Cơ, 1443–1459Lê Duy Bang, 1557–1577Lê Duy Cối (Hội) , 1672–1675Lê Duy Diêu, 1740–1786Lê Duy Đường, 1706–1729Lê Duy Hợp, 1676–1705Lê Duy Hựu, 1643–1649Lê Duy Huyên, 1549–1556Lê Duy Kỳ, 1620–1643; 1649–1662Lê Duy Kỳ, 1787–1788Lê Duy Ninh, 1533–1548Lê Duy Phương, 1729–1732Lê Duy Tân, 1600–1619Lê Duy Thìn, 1735–1740Lê Duy Tường, 1732–1735Lê Duy Vũ, 1663–1671Lê Hoàn (黎桓), 980–1005Lê Lợi, 1428–1433Lê Long Đĩnh, 1005–1010Lê Long Việt, 1005–1005Lê Ngã, 1420–1420Lê Ngi Dân, 1459–1460Lê Nguyên Long, 1434–1442Lê Oanh, 1510–1516Lê Tăng, 1498–1504Lê Thuần, 1504Lê Tư Thành, 1460–1497Lê Tuấn, 1505–1509Lê Vãn Khoi, 1831–1834Lê Xuân, 1522–1527Lê Ỷ, 1516–1522Lý Càn Đức, 1072–1127Lý Công Uẩn, 1010–1028Lý Dương Hoan, 1128–1138Lý Long Cán, 1176–1210Lý Nhật Tôn, 1054–1072Lý Phật Kim, 1224–1225Lý Phật Mã, 1028–1054Lý Sảm, 1211–1224Lý Thiên Tộ, 1138–1175LysiasMạc Đăng Doanh, 1530–1540Mạc Đăng Dung, 1527–1529Mạc Kinh Chỉ, 1592Mạc Kinh Chỉ, 1593Mạc Kinh Cung, 1593–1625Mạc Kinh Khoan, 1623–1638Mạc Kinh Vũ, 1638–1677Mạc Mậu Hợp, 1562–1592Mạc Phúc Hải, 1541–1546Mạc Phúc Nguyên, 1547–1561Mạc Toàn, 1592Menander IMenander IIMujatriaNguyễn Bửu Đảo, 1916–1925Nguyễn Bửu Lân, 1889–1907Nguyễn Hoàng, 1558–1612Nguyễn Hồng Dật, 1883–1883Nguyễn Hồng Nhậm, 1848–1883Nguyễn Miên Tông, 1841–1847Nguyễn Phúc Ánh, 1780Nguyễn Phúc Ánh, 1802–1819Nguyễn Phúc Chu, 1691–1725Nguyễn Phúc Chú, 1725–1738Nguyễn Phúc Đảm, 1820–1840Nguyễn Phúc Khoát, 1738–1765Nguyễn Phúc Lan, 1635–1648Nguyễn Phuc Nguyên, 1613–1635Nguyễn Phúc Tần, 1648–1687Nguyễn Phúc Thuần, 1765–1777Nguyễn Phúc Trăn, 1687–1691Nguyễn Quang Toản, 1793–1802Nguyễn Ưng Chân, 1883–1833Nguyễn Ưng Đăng, 1883–1884Nguyễn Ưng Lịch, 1884–1885Nguyễn Ưng Xuy, 1885–1888Nguyễn Văn Huệ, 1788–1792Nguyễn Văn Nhạc, 1778–1793Nguyễn Vĩnh San, 1907–1916Nguyễn Vĩnh Thụy, 1925–1945NiciasNông Văn Vân, 1832–1833Orthagnes GadanaPakoresPantaleonPhiloxenusPlatoPolyxenusRajuvulaSasesSatavastresSodasaSorpedonesStrato IStrato IIStrato IIITheophilusTrần Ấn, 1398–1400Trần Cảnh, 1225–1258Trần Cảo, 1426–1426Trần Cảo, 1516–1517Trần Hạo, 1341–1369Trần Hiện, 1377–1388Trần Hoảng, 1258–1278Trần Khâm, 1279–1293Trần Kinh, 1373–1377Trần Mạnh, 1314–1329Trần Ngỗi, 1407–1409Trần Ngung, 1389–1398Trần Phủ, 1370–1372Trần Quý Khoáng, 1409–1413Trần Thăng, 1517–1521Trần Thuyên, 1293–1314Trần Vượng, 1329–1341Trịnh Bồng, 1787–1787Trịnh Căn, 1682–1709Trịnh Cán, 1782–1782Trịnh Cương, 1709–1729Trịnh Doanh, 1740–1767Trịnh Giang, 1729–1740Trịnh Khải, 1783–1786Trịnh Kiểm, 1539–1569Trịnh Sâm, 1767–1782Trịnh Tạc, 1657–1682Trịnh Tráng, 1623–1657Trịnh Tùng, 1570–1623UbouzanesZeionises / JihonikaZoilus IZoilus II'Ala al-Din 'Alam Shah, Sultan of Delhi'Alā al-Dīn 'Alī Shāh (in West Bengal), Sultan of Bengal, AH c.742 - 746/ AD c.1341 - 1345'Ala al-Din Mas'ud, Sultan of Delhi'Ala al-Din Muhammed, Sultan of Delhi'Ala al-Din Sikandar, Sultan of Delhi'Alā' al-Dīn Fīrūz Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 817/ AD 1414'Alā' al-Dīn Jāni, Sultan of Bengal, AH 627/ AD 1230'Izz al-Dīn Balban, Sultan of Bengal, AH fl. 657/ AD 1258'Izz al-Dīn Shīrān Khaljī, Sultan of Bengal, AH c.602-604/ AD c.1206-1207'Izz al-Dīn Tughril Tughān Khān, Sultan of Bengal, AH 631-641/ AD 1233-1243/4'Izz al-Dīn Yahyā (governor of Satgāon), Sultan of Bengal, AH c.726 - ?/AD c.1326 - ?‘Abbās I, 1588 - 1629‘Abbās II, 1642 - 1667‘Abbās III, 1732 - 1736‘Abd al-‘Azīz (Jānid), 1647 - 1680‘Abd al-‘Azīz b. ‘Abd Allāh b. ‘Āmir‘Abd al-Aḥad (Mangit Khāns), 1886 - 1910‘Abd al-Ḥalīm b. Ibrāhīm, 925 - 926‘Abd al-Ḥamīd b. Ja‘far‘Abd al-Karīm (b. Ḥabīb?)‘Abd al-Latīf, 1552‘Abd al-Malik, 685 - 705‘Abd al-Malik b. Yazīd‘Abd al-Malik I Nūḥ (Samanid), 954 - 961‘Abd al-Nabī, 1163 - 1175‘Abd al-Raḥmān (Bārakzāy), 1880 - 1901‘Abd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad‘Abd al-Raḥmān b. Zayd‘Abd al-Rashīd b. Maḥmūd, 1049 - 1052‘Abd al-Shakūr, 1783 - 1794‘Abd Allāh‘Abd Allāh (Ṭāhirid)‘Abd Allāh (Timurid), 1450 - 1451‘Abd Allāh b. ‘Āmir (b. Kurayz)‘Abd Allāh b. ‘Arīf‘Abd Allāh b. ‘Umar‘Abd Allāh b. Dā’ūd‘Abd Allāh b. Ḥumayd‘Abd Allāh b. Khāzim‘Abd Allāh b. Maḥmūd‘Abd Allāh b. Mālik‘Abd Allāh b. Mu‘āwiya‘Abd Allāh b. Muḥammad, 1884 - 1887‘Abd Allāh b. Ṣāliḥ‘Abd Allāh II (Shaybānīd), 1583 - 1598‘Abd Allāh Khān, 1361 - 1370‘Abd Allāh(?) Rustamī‘Ādīl Shāh, 1747 - 1748‘Aḍud al-Dawla, Abū Shujā·(Būyid)‘Alī‘Alī b. ‘Īsā (b. Māhān)‘Alī b. al-Ḥasan‘Alī b. al-Ḥasan‘Alī b. al-Ḥasan (Īlig), 1024 - 1035‘Alī b. Muḥammad (Zanj), 871 - 885‘Alī b. Sulaymān‘Alī b. Yūsuf‘Alī Beg, 1366 - 1385‘Alī Murād, 1782 - 1785‘Alim Khān (Mangit Khāns), 1910 - 1920‘Amīd al-Dawla‘Amr b. ‘Īsā‘Amr b. al-Layth, Abū Ḥafṣ (Ṣaffārid), 879 - 901‘Aṭiya b. al-Aswad‘Azīz Shaykh, 1364 - 1366‘Imād al-Dawla, ‘Alī b.Buwayh, 934 - 949‘Imād al-Dawla, Abū Kalī(n)jar (Būyid), 1024 - 1048‘Imād al-Dīn Zangī, 1171 - 1197‘Imād al-Dīn Zengī‘Isā‘Īsā b. Abān‘Īsā b. Manṣūr‘Izz al-Dawla, Abū ‘Alī Manṣūr Bakhtīyār (Būyid), 967 - 978‘Ubayd Allāh (Shaybānīd), 1534 - 1539‘Ubayd Allāh al-Mahdī, 909 - 934‘Umar b. al-‘Alā‘Umar b. Ghaylān‘Umar b. Hafs Hazārmard‘Umar b. Salm‘Uthmān‘Uthmān (Āq Quyūnlū), 1378 - 1436’Alā’ al-Dawla, Abū Ja’far Muḥammad (Kākwayhid), 1008 - 1042’Uddat al-Dawla, Abū Taghlib (Ḥamdānid), 967 - 978[-]des[-]doklesA-A. Pompeius VopiscusA[-]orosAb (Abdera)Abāqā, 1264 - 1282Abāqā, 1265 - 1282Abū ‘Abd AllāhAbū ‘Alī al-Faraj, 991 - 1003Abū al-‘Abbās b. Amīr al-Mu’minīnAbū al-Faḍl b. Amīr al-Mu’minīnAbū al-Ghāzī (Jānid), 1758 - 1785Abū al-Ḥasan (Muḥammad) b. Amīr al-Mu’minīnAbū al-Ḥusayn Bajkam, mawlā Amīr al-Mu’minīnAbū al-Manṣūr b. Amīr al-Mu’minīnAbū al-Qāsim, 946 - 961Abū al-Qāsim b. Amīr al-Mu’minīnAbu Bakr, Sultan of DelhiAbū Bakr al-MuharrijAbū Bakr b Muḥammad, 1322 - 1323Abū Bakr b. Afffal Jarād, 1834 - 1852Abū IshāqAbū Isḥāq (Īnjūyid), 1342 - 1357Abū Isḥāq b. al-RashīdAbū Manṣūr Alptekīn al-Mu’izzī, 974 - 979Abū Sa‘īd, 1316 - 1336Abū Sa‘īd (Shaybānīd), 1531 - 1534Abū Sa‘īd (Timurid), 1451 - 1469Achaean LeagueAchilleidesAdamAeliusAemilianAgatharchosAgathoklesAgathokles of SyracuseAgemachosĀghā Muḥammad Shāh, 1779 - 1797Agrippina IAgrippina the YoungerAhmadAḥmad, 1382 - 1411Aḥmad b. ‘Abd al-‘Azīz (Dulāfid), 879 - 893Aḥmad b. ‘Abd Allāh (Khujistānid), 874 - 882Aḥmad b. ‘Alī, 968 - 969Aḥmad b. ‘Alī (Qarākhānid), 994 - 1016Aḥmad b. ‘Alī (Su‘lūkid), 917 - 923Aḥmad b. ‘Alī (Su‘lūkid), 917 - 923Aḥmad b. al-Ḥasan (Qarākhānid)Aḥmad b. al-Muwaffaq billāhAḥmad b. Asad (Samanid), 819 - 864Aḥmad b. Ibrahīm, local ruler at ŪzkāndAḥmad b. Ismā‘īl (b. ‘Alī al-‘Abbāsī)Aḥmad b. Ismā‘īl (Samanid), 907 - 914Aḥmad b. KhālidAḥmad b. Muḥammad (Banijūrid), 899 - 908Aḥmad b. Muḥammad (Ṣaffārid), 923 - 963Aḥmad b. Sahl (rebel, Samanid or Banijurid)Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn, 868 - 884Aḥmad II b. Muḥammad, 1795 - 1820Aḥmad Jalāyir, 1382 - 1411Aḥmad Shāh, 1747 - 1773Aianti-AigaleusAinetorAis-Aisi-AkrisiosAktorAl- Sulṭānīya al-Mujāhidīyaal-‘Abbās b. Amīr al-Mu’minīnal-‘Abbās b. Mu‘āwiyaal-‘Abbās b. Muḥammadal-‘Āḍid li-Dīn Allāh, 1160 - 1171al-‘Ādil Abū Bakr I, 1200 - 1218al-‘Ādil Abū Bakr II, 1238 - 1240al-‘Ādil Kitbughā, 1295 - 1297al-‘Ādil Salāmish, 1279 - 1279al-‘Azīzal-‘Azīz ‘Uthmān, 1193 - 1198al-‘Azīz billāh, 975 - 996al-‘Azīz Muḥammadal-‘Aziz Ṭughtakīn, 1193 - 1197al-’Adil Sayf al-Dīn Abū Bakr (al-'Adil I; Ayyūbid)al-’Azīz ‘Uthmān (Ayyūbid), 1193 - 1198al-Afḍal ’Alī (Ayyūbid), 1193 - 1196al-Afḍal al-‘Abbās, 1363 - 1377al-Afḍal al-‘Abbās, 1376 - 1401al-Amīn, 809 - 813al-Amīn Muḥammadal-Āmir bi-Aḥkām Allāh, 1101 - 1130al-Ash‘ath (b. Yaḥyā)al-Ashraf Aynal, 1453 - 1461al-Ashraf Barsbāy, 1422 - 1438al-Ashraf Ismā‘īl, 1377 - 1400al-Ashraf Khalīl, 1290 - 1293al-Ashraf Mūsā, 1246 - 1263al-Ashraf Qā’itbāy, 1468 - 1496al-Ashraf Qānṣūh al-Ghūrī, 1501 - 1506al-Ashraf Sha‘bān II, 1363 - 1377al-Ashraf Ṭūmānbāy, 1516 - 1517al-Awḥad Ayyūb, 1200 - 1210Al-Bahā’ lillāhAl-Bāhūnī?al-Ḍaḥḥāk, 745 - 746al-Ḍubral-Faḍl b. Sahl [b. ‘Abd Allāh Zadhānfarūkh]al-Faḍl b. Yaḥyā al-Barmakīal-Hadī, 785 - 786al-Hādī Muḥammad, 1694 - 1699al-Hādī Yaḥyā b. al-Ḥusayn, 897 - 911al-Ḥāfiẓ li-Dīn Allāh, 1130 - 1149al-Ḥajjāj b. Yūsufal-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh, 996 - 1021al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh, 996 - 1021al-Ḥarith mawlā al-Hārūnal-Ḥasan b. ‘Alīal-Ḥasan b. Aḥmadal-Ḥasan b. al-Jannāḥal-Ḥasan b. Marwan, 990 - 997al-Ḥasan b. Sulaymānal-Ḥurr b. Yūsufal-Ḥusayn b. ‘Ubayd Allāhal-Ḥusayn b. Aḥmadal-Ḥusayn b. Dūstak (Marwanid), 983 - 990al-Kāmil Muḥammad, 1218 - 1238al-Kāmil Sha‘bān I, 1345 - 1347al-Layth b.·’Alī (Ṣaffārid), 908 - 910al-Ma’mūn, 813 - 833al-Mahdī, 785al-Mahdī ‘Abd Allāh, 1812 - 1836al-Mahdī al-‘Abbās, 1748 - 1775al-Mahdī Muḥammad, 1699 - 1718Al-Malik Sa‘dal-Manṣūr ‘Alī, 1377 - 1381al-Manṣūr ‘Alī, 1775 - 1809al-Manṣūr ‘Alī II, 1836 - 1851al-Manṣūr ‘Umar, 1229 - 1249al-Manṣūr (‘Abd Allāh), 754 - 775al-Manṣūr Abū Bakr, 1341 - 1341al-Manṣūr Aḥmad (Artuqid), 1364 - 1368al-Manṣūr al-Ḥusayn II, 1727 - 1748al-Manṣūr Ḥamīd al-Dīn, 1890 - 1904al-Manṣūr Muḥammad, 1361 - 1363al-Manṣūr Muḥammad, 1198 - 1200al-Manṣūr Muḥammad I, 1191 - 1221al-Manṣūr Qalā’ūn, 1279 - 1290al-Mas‘ūd Yūsuf, 1215 - 1229al-Mu'taṣim, 833 - 842al-Mu‘aẓẓam Tūrānshāh IV, 1249 - 1250al-Mu‘izz Aybak, 1250 - 1257al-Mu‘izz li-Dīn Allāh, 953 - 975al-Mu‘taḍid, 892 - 902al-Mu‘tamīdal-Mu‘tazz, 866 - 869al-Mu’ayyad Dā’ūd, 1296 - 1322al-Mu’ayyad Muḥammad, 1620 - 1644al-Mu’ayyad Shaykh, 1412 - 1422al-Mu’aẓẓam Mu’izz al-Dīn Maḥmūd, 1208 - 1241al-Mufawwiḍ ilā Allāhal-Muhallab b. Abī Ṣufraal-Mujāhid ‘Alī, 1321 - 1363al-Mukarram Aḥmad, 1082 - 1092al-Muktafī, 902 - 908al-Muntaṣir, 861 - 862al-Muqtadī b-amr Allāh, 1075 - 1094al-Muqtadir, 908 - 932al-Muqtafī b-Amr Allāh, 1136 - 1160al-Musta‘īn, 862 - 865al-Musta‘lī billāh, 1094 - 1101al-Musta‘ṣim, 1242 - 1258al-Musta’ṣim billah, Caliph, 1377 - 1389al-Mustaḍī, 1170 - 1180al-Mustakfī, 944 - 946al-Mustanjid, 1160 - 1170al-Mustanṣir, 1226 - 1242al-Mustanṣir billāh, 1036 - 1094al-Mustarshid billah, 1118 - 1135al-Mustazhir billah, 1094 - 1118al-Muṭallib b. ‘Abd Allāh al-Khzā’īal-Mutawakkil, 847 - 861al-Mutawakkil Aḥmad, 1226 - 1259al-Mutawakkil Ismā‘īl, 1644 - 1676al-Mutawakkil Sharaf al-Dīn, 1506 - 1555al-Mutawakkil Yaḥyā, 1904 - 1948al-Muṭī‘, 946 - 974al-Muttaqī, 940 - 944al-Muwaffaqal-Muẓaffar Abū al-Wafā’al-Muẓaffar Baybars II, 1309 - 1310al-Muẓaffar Ghāzī, 1220 - 1247al-Muẓaffar Ḥājjī I, 1346 - 1347al-Muẓaffar Mu’izz al-Dīn Sanjar Shāh (Zangids of al-Jazīra), 1180 - 1208al-Muẓaffar Quṭuz, 1259 - 1260al-Muẓaffar Yūṣuf, 1249 - 1295al-Muʿtamid, 870 - 892al-Nāṣir, 1180 - 1225al-Nāṣir Aḥmad, 1400 - 1424al-Nāṣir Aḥmad, 913 - 937al-Nāṣir Ayyūbid, 1202 - 1214al-Nāṣir Faraj, 1st reign, 1398 - 1406al-Nāṣir Faraj, 2nd reign, 1406 - 1413al-Nāṣir Ḥasan, 1st reign, 1347 - 1351al-Nāṣir Ḥasan, 2nd reign, 1355 - 1361al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāhal-Nāṣir Muḥammad, 1496 - 1498al-Nāṣir Muḥammad, 3rd reign, 1310 - 1341al-Nāṣir Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Yūsuf I, 1174 - 1193al-Nāṣir Yūsuf IIal-Naṣral-Qā’im bi-Amr Allāh, 1031 - 1075al-Qādir billah, 991 - 1031al-Qāhir, 932 - 934al-Qāsim b. ‘Ubayd Allāhal-Rāḍī, 934 - 940al-Rāshid billah, 1135 - 1136al-Ridāal-Ṣāliḥ Ayyūb, 1240 - 1249al-Ṣāliḥ Ḥājjī II, 1st reign, 1381 - 1382al-Ṣāliḥ Ḥājjī II, 2nd reign, 1389 - 1390al-Ṣāliḥ Ismā‘īl, 1237 - 1246al-Ṣāliḥ Ismā‘īl, 1342 - 1345al-Ṣāliḥ Ismā‘īl, 1174 - 1182al-Ṣāliḥ Muḥammad, 1421 - 1422al-Ṣāliḥ Ṣāliḥ, 1351 - 1354al-Ṣāliḥ Shams al-Dīn Ṣāliḥ, 1312 - 1364al-Ṣaqr b. Najdaal-Sarī b. al-Ḥakam al-Zuttīal-Sindī b. Yaḥyā al-ḤarashīAl-Sulṭān ḤajjAl-Sulṭān Muḥammad al-MujāhidAl-Ṭā’I’ lilah, 991Al-Walīd I, 705 - 715al-Walīd b. Talīd al-‘Absīal-Wāthiq, 842 - 847al-Wāthiq bi-al-Mulk Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad, 1460 - 1467al-Wāthiq bi-al-Samad Sharaf b. Muḥammad, c.1393 - 1404al-Ẓāfir bi-Amr Allāh, 1149 - 1154al-Zāhir, 1225 - 1226al-Ẓāhir ’Īså, 1376 - 1407al-Zāhir Barqūq, 1st reign, 1382 - 1389al-Zāhir Barqūq, 2nd reign, 1390 - 1399al-Zāhir Baybars I, 1260 - 1277al-Ẓāhir Ghāzīal-Ẓāhir Jaqmaq, 1438 - 1453al-Ẓāhir Khushqadam, 1461 - 1467al-Ẓāhir li-I‘zāz Dīn Allāh, 1021 - 1036al-Ẓāhir Qānṣūh, 1498 - 1500al-Ẓāhir Timurbughā, 1467 - 1468Alexander I of EpirusAlexander II ZabinasAlexander III, king of Scots, 1249-1286Alexander III of Macedon, 336 BC–323 BCAlexander VI, pope, 1492-1503, 1492 - 1503AleximachosAlexios I Komnenos, Byzantine emperor, 1081-1118Alexios II, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1297-1330Alexios III, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1349-1390Alexios III Angelos, Byzantine emperor, 1195-1203Alexios IV, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1417 - 1446Alfons I, Count of Barcelona, 1162-1196Alfons III, king of Aragon, 1327-1336Alfons IV, king of Aragon, 1416-1458Alfonso I ('the Battler'), King of Aragón, 1104-1134Alfonso I ('the Battler'), King of Navarre, 1104-1134Alfonso II, King of Aragón, 1162-1196AlkimachosAlp Arslān, 1063 - 1072Alp Arslān (Great Seljūq), 1063 - 1072Alpī, Najm al-Dīn (Artuqid), 1154 - 1176Amadocus IIAmīn Khān, Sultan of Bengal, UnknownAmyntasAn-Anastasius I, Byzantine emperor, 491-518AnaxenorAnaxidikos (I)Anaxidikos (II)AnaxilasAnaxilas of RhegiumAnaxipolis (I)Anaxipolis (II)Anaxipolis (III)Anaxipolis (IV)Andronikos I Gidon, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1222-1235Andronikos III, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1330-1332Anne, queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland; queen of Great Britain and Ireland, 1702–1714Annia Aurelia FaustinaAntan-Anth-Anti I (Abdera)Anti- (II)AntiadasAntinousAntiochus I SoterAntiochus IV EpiphanesAntipatros (Byzantium)AntiphonAntoninus PiusAnūshīrawān, 1344 - 1356ApellesAphilas, king of Aksum, c.310 - 323Apol-Apolla-ApollasApollo-Apollodoros IApollodoros IIAppius Claudius MartialisAquilia SeveraAram Shah, Sultan of DelhiArch-ArchagoresArchbishop BerhtwaldArchelaosArchembrotosAre-Aretas IIIAretas IVArgeiosArghūn, 1284 - 1291Arist(...)AristagorasAristoboulosAristodemosAristodikosAristolesAristoteichesArnulf of Carinthia, king and emperor, 887-896Arpā Gā’ūn, 1336 - 1336Arslān Arghū, 1093 - 1097Arslān Khān, 1161 - 1161Arslān Khān Sanjar, Sultan of Bengal, AH fl. 657/ AD 1258Arslān Shāh I, Nūr al-Dīn, 1193 - 1211Arte-Artemido-ArtemonAsellius AemilianusAsga-Ashraf Shāh (Ghilzāy), 1725 - 1729AsklepiadesAsopios (Byzantium)AspeisosAstytimosAthanaion (Byzantium)Athe-Athena... (Samothrace)AthenaiosAthenesAthenes (I)Athenes (II)AthenikonAthenopolisAugustus, 27 BC – AD 14AurelianAyyūb Shāh, 1817 - 1830Azes, c.c. 48-c. 25 BCAzilises, c.c. 57-c. 35 BCÆlfnothÆlfsigeÆlfweardÆlfwineÆlfwine MusÆthelwigÆthelwineBābā Khān, 1795 - 1797Badr b. Ḥasanwayh, 980 - 1015Bahā al-Dawla, Abū Naṣr (Būyid), 988 - 12Bahlul, Sultan of DelhiBahlūlBahrām b. ‘AlīBahrām Khān (governor of Sunārgāon and Satgāon), Sultan of Bengal, AH 724? - 726?/ AD 1324? - 1327? and AH c.726 - 728/ AD c.1326 - 1328 and AH c.728 - 737/ AD c.1328 - 1337Bahrāmshāh b. Mas‘ūd, 1117 - 1157BakkārBalbinusBarkyāruq, 1092 - 1105Basil, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1332-1340Basil I, Byzantine emperor, 867-886Basil II, Byzantine emperor, 976-1025Bāydū, 1295 - 1296Bayezid I, 1389 - 1402Bayezid IIBeg Pūlād, 1390 - 1392Berengar I, king of Italy and emperor, 888-924Bi-BiasBionBīrdī Beg, 1357 - 1360Bishr al-AfshīnīBishr b. MarwānBlosysBoso, king of Lower Burgundy, 879 - 887BosponBouta-BrabeusBughā? ‘Abd Allāh b. DīnārBughrā-begBūyān Qulī, 1359Caecilius MaternusCaelius OneratusCaligula, 37 - 41Carloman, king of the west Franks, 882 - 884CæfelCetriporisCh'ŏljong - 朝鮮 哲宗 - 철종, 1849–64Chaghrī Beg Dā’ūd, 1040 - 1060Chaghrī Beg Dā’ūd (Great Seljūq), 1040 - 1060CharesChares IChares IICharlemagne, king and emperor, 768-814Charles I, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1625–1649Charles II, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1649–1685Charles the Bald, king and emperor, 840-877Charles the Simple, king of the Franks, 897-922CharmosChingiz Khān, 1206 - 1227Chŏngjo - 朝鮮 正祖 - 정조, 1776–1800ChoregosChra-Claudia AntoniaClaudiusClaudiusClement VII, 1523-1534CommodusConstantine IX, Byzantine emperor, 1042-1055Constantine VII and colleagues, Byzantine emperor, 913-959Constantine VIII, Byzantine emperor, 976-1028Constantine X, Byzantine emperor, 1059-1067Cosconius GentianusCrispinaD-D- (Abdera)Dā’ūdDā’ūd b. al-Ḥasan, 999 - 1003Da’ūd b. KarārDā’ūd b. SulaymānDaigo - 醍醐天皇, 897-930Dam-DamatriosDamokrinesDamonDāniyālDarwīsh AḥmadDaulat Khan Lodi, Sultan of DelhiDaulat Shāh bin Maudūd, Sultan of Bengal, AH 627/ AD 1229/30David, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1458-1461David I, king of Scots, 1124-1153David II, king of Scots, 1329-1371Dawlut Bīrdī, 1424 - 1437Deme-DemetriosDemetriosDemokritosDeo-DeonysDeonys (I)Deonys (II)DeonysasDeonytosDeoynysDes-Di[onys]i-Diaph[-]DiodotosDiogenesDiognetosDiok-Dioklei(das?)Diony- IDiony- IIDionysas (I)Dionysas (II)DionysiosDionysiosDionysiosDionysiosDionysios I of SyracuseDiophanesDiophantosDioscouridasDioskDiosk-DioskuriDiphi-DomitiaDomitianDomitianDunbeardDūst Muḥammad, 1842 - 1863EchekratesEchenikosEdward I, king of England, 1272-1307Edward I, king of England, 1272-1307Edward II, king of England, 1307-1327Edward II, king of England, 1307-1327Edward III, king of England, 1327-1377Edward III, king of England, 1327-1377Edward VI, king of England, 1547-1553ElagabalusEli-Elizabeth I, queen of England, 1558-1603Emir SüleymanEmmanuel de Rohan, Grandmaster of the Knights of St. John Hospitallers, 1775-1797Endybis, king of Aksum, c.295-310Epai-Epam-Epige-Epikra-Er-Era-EratonEretnā, 1335 - 1352EuagonEuainetosEuanEudokia, Byzantine empress, 1059-1067EuelthosEuhemerosEuklei-EukleonEukleonEuklesEumenesEumolisEup-Eupha-Eupol-EupolisEupro-EuresipposEusebesEuth-EuthydamasEutychesEuxe-EuxithemisExakastidasEzanas, king of Aksum, c.345 - 380Fā‘iqFaḍl b. Muḥammad (Faḍl I - Shaddādid), 985 - 1031Fakhr al-Dawla, Abū al-Ḥasan ’Alī (Būyid)Fakhr al-Dīn Mubārak Shāh (in East Bengal), Sultan of Bengal, AH 734 - 750/ AD 1334 - 1349Fakhr al-Din Muhammed bin Tughluq, Sultan of DelhiFakhr al-Dīn Qarā Arslān, 1144 - 1175Farāmurz, Abū Manṣūr, 1042 - 1052Farrukhzād b. Mas‘ūd, 1053 - 1059Fatḥ ‘Alī Shāh, 1796 - 1835Fatḥ Jang, 1842 - 1842Faustina IFaustina IIFerdinand II, king of AragonFifth Republic of SyracuseFirst Republic of SyracuseFiruz Shah Zafar, Sultan of DelhiFiruz Tughluq, Sultan of DelhiFlavius UlpianusFolpalt, moneyerFra Angelo De Mojana, Grandmaster at Malta, 1962-1988Francis II, king of France, 1559–1560Fūlād, 1875 - 1875Gaius Caecina LargusGaius Fabius AgrippinusGaius Iulius Commodus OrfitianusGalba, AD 68-69Gargilius AntiquusGaykhātū, 1291 - 1296Geilamir, king of the Vandals, 530 - 534GeitasGelon I of SyracuseGelon II of SyracuseGene-Genmei - 元明天皇, 707–15George, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1266-1280Ghassān b. ‘AbbādGhāzān Maḥmūd, 1294 - 1304Ghāzī Girāy II b. Dawlat Girāy, 1588 - 1608Ghāzī I, Nājm al-Dīn (Artuqid), 1240 - 1261Ghāzī II, Sayf al-Dīn, 1169 - 1181Ghiyās al-Dīn 'Iwaḍ, Sultan of Bengal, AH 609/10-624/ AD 1213-1227Ghiyāth al-Dīn A'ẕam Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 792 - 813/ AD 1389 - 1410Ghiyāth al-Dīn Bahādur Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 720 - 724/ AD 1320 - 1324 and AH 726 - 728/ AD 1326 - 1328Ghiyath al-Din Balban, Sultan of DelhiGhiyath al-Din Mahmud bin Muhammed, Sultan of DelhiGhiyath al-Din Tughluq, Sultan of DelhiGhiyath al-Din Tughluq II, Sultan of DelhiGiyath al-Din Muḥammad, 1352 - 1366GnosisGodGodricGodwineGordian IGordian IIIGunthamund, king of the Vandals, 484 - 496Guy of Spoleto, emperor, 891-894Ḥabīb Allāh, 1823 - 1824Hadrian, 117 - 138Hadrian VI, pope, 1522-1523Ḥafṣ b. ḤumaydHājjī Girāy, 1420 - 1466HamawayhḤamīdḤamza, 1435 - 1445Ḥamza b. Malik (or Yaḥyā)Han Wudi 漢武帝, Emperor, 141BC - 87 BCHānīHarashīHarthama b. A‘yan al-Balkhī al-KhurāsānīHārūn al-Rashīd, 786 - 809Harūn b. Khumārawayh, 896 - 904Ḥasan, 1453 - 1478Ḥasan ‘Alī, 1467 - 1468Ḥasan b. Muḥammad (Qarlughid), 1224 - 1249Ḥassān b. Muffarij, 1013 - 1041Ḥassān ibn al-Nu’mān al-GhassānīHaydar, 1800 - 1826HebesasHege-HegesagorasHegesagoresHegesi-HegesileosHegesimachosHegisipposHekat-HekataiosHekatodorosHekatonymosHelik-Henry I, king of France, 1031-1060Henry III, king of England, 1216-1272Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, King consort of Scotland, 1565–1567Henry VII, king of England, 1485–1509Henry VIII, king of England, 1509-1547HephaistionHer-Hera-HeragorasHeragoresHerak-Herak[-]Heraklei-HerakleidasHerakleidesHerakleitosHerakleitosHerakleosHerakleosHerennia EtruscillaHerennius EtruscusHermokleitosHermokratidesHermonHero-Hero[i/d]-HerobolosHerodesHerodo-Herodotos (I)Herodotos (II)HerogeitonHerok-HerophanesHerophilosHervé, bishop of Beauvais, 987-998Hesstiai-Hieron I of SyracuseHieron II of SyracuseHieronymos of SyracuseHikes-HikesiasHikesiosHiketas of SyracuseHildart, moneyerHilderic, king of the Vandals, 523 - 530Hippo-HipponHipponaxHiromnemonHishām b. ‘AmrHlothere of Kent, 673-685, 673 - 685HomerosHŏnjong - 朝鮮 憲宗 - 헌종, 1834–49HostilianHuge, moneyerHugh Capet, king of France, 987-996Hūlāgū, 1255 - 1265Humāyūn, 1792 - 1793HunewineḤusām al-Dawla, Abū Ḥassān (‘Uqaylid)Ḥusām al-Dīn 'Iwaḍ Khaljī, Sultan of Bengal, AH c.604-605/ AD c.1207-1208Ḥusām al-Dīn Yūluq Arslān (Artuqid), 1184 - 1201HybristasIa-Iason IIason IIIbn Abī ‘IsāIbn BarakaIbrahim, Sultan of DelhiIbrāhīmIbrāhīm, 1748 - 1748Ibrahīm b. al-Ḥusayn, local ruler at ŪzkāndIbrahīm b. al-Rajīḥī, Abū SaylIbrāhīm b. Ismā‘īlIbrahīm b. Mas‘ūd (Ghaznavid), 1059 - 1099Ibrāhīm b. Mūsā b. Ja‘far, 816 - 819Ibrahīm b. ṢāliḥIbrahīm b. ṢāliḥIerveis, moneyerIgbal Khan, Sultan of DelhiIkhtiyār al-Dīn Ghāzī Shāh (in East Bengal), Sultan of Bengal, AH 750 - 753/ AD 1349 - 1352Ikhtiyār al-Dīn Muhammad Bakhtiyār Khaljī, Sultan of Bengal, AH 600-602/ AD 1203-1206Īl-Ghāzī II, Quṭb al-Dīn (Artuqid), 1176 - 1184Ip-Ipa-Isaac I Komnenos, Byzantine emperor, 1057-1059Isaac II Angelos, Byzantine emperor, 1185-1195Isaac II Angelos, Byzantine emperor, 1185-1195IsagorasIsḥāq b. ḤasanIskandar, 1420 - 1436IskandarIskander (Shaybānīd), 1561 - 1583Ismā‘īl al-Manṣūr billāh, 945 - 953Ismā‘īl b. ‘AlīIsmā‘īl b. Aḥmad (Samanid), 892 - 907Ismā‘īl b. Sebuktegīn (Ghaznavid), 997 - 998Ismā‘īl I, 1501 - 1524Ismā‘īl II, 1576 - 1577Ismā‘īl III, 1757IthystratosIulius CastusJa‘farJa‘far (=heir al-Mufawwiḍ)Ja‘far [b. Yaḥyā al-Barmakī]Ja‘far b. MuḥammadJa‘far Khān, 1785 - 1789JabbārJābir b. ‘UbaydJahāngir, 1444 - 1453Jahānshāh, 1437 - 1468Jahwar b. al-Marrār al-‘IjlīJalāl al-Dawla, Abū Ṭāhir (Būyid)Jalal al-Din Firuz, Sultan of DelhiJalāl al-Dīn Kurban (or Guzban) Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 719/ AD 1319Jalāl al-Dīn Kurban (or Guzban) Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 719/ AD 1319Jalāl al-Dīn Mahmūd, Sultan of Bengal, AH 686/ AD 1287Jalāl al-Dīn Mas 'ūd Malik Jāni, Sultan of Bengal, AH fl. 647/ AD 1249Jalalat al-Din Radiyya, Sultan of DelhiJames I, king of Scots, 1406-1437James I the Conqueror, Count of Barcelona, 1213-1276James I the Conqueror, King of Aragón, 1213-1276James II, king of Scots, 1437-1460James II, king of Aragon, 1291-1327James II, king of Majorca, 1276-1285 and 1298-1311James II/VII, king of England and Ireland, king of Scotland, 1685–1688James III, king of Scots, 1460-1488James IV, king of Scots, 1488–1513James V, king of Scots, 1513–1542James VI/I, king of Scotland, king of England and Ireland, 1567–1625Janāḥ al-Dawla ‘Alī (‘Uqaylid), 995 - 1000Jānī Beg, 1341 - 1357Jānī Beg, 1341 - 1357JarīrJihān Timūr, 1339 - 1341John I Axuchos, 1235 - 1238John I Tzimiskes, Byzantine emperor, 969-976John II, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1280-1297John II Komnenos, Byzantine emperor, 1118 - 1143John III, 1342 - 1344John III, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1342 - 1344John IV, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1446-1458John Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1486–1500John Sherwood, Bishop of Durham, 1484–1494JugurthaJulia DomnaJulia MaesaJulia MamaeaJulia PaulaJulia SoaemiasJulius CaesarJulius II, pope, 1503-1513, 1503 - 1513Julius III, pope, 1550-1555Junnin - 淳仁天皇, 758–64Justin I, Byzantine emperor, 518-527Justin I and Justinian I, Byzantine emperors, 527Justin II, Byzantine emperor, 565-578Justinian I, Byzantine emperor, 527-565KalesikratesKallianaxKallidamasKallikratesKamāl al-Dawla Gharīb ('Uqaylid), 1010 - 1030Kāmrān Shāh, 1829 - 1842Kanmu - 桓武天皇, 781–806Karīm Khān, 1753 - 1779Kas-Kaykā’ūs I, ‘Izz al-Dīn, 1211 - 1220Kaykā’ūs II, 1237 - 1246Kaykhusraw I, Ghiyāth al-Dīn, 1192 - 1211Kaykhusraw II, Ghiyåth al-Dīn, 1237 - 1246Kaykhusraw III, 1265 - 1282Kayqubād I, Alā’ al-Dīn, 1220 - 1237Kayqubād II, 1246 - 1257Khalaf b. Āḥmad (Ṣaffārid), 970 - 1003Khālid b. AḥmadKhālid b. BarmakKhayr Pūlād, 1362 - 1363Khazaym b. KhazīmKhidr Khan, Sultan of DelhiKhizr Khān, 1360 - 1361Khudāyār, 1st reign, 1844 - 1858Khudāyār, 3rd reign, 1865 - 1875Khumārawayh b. Aḥmad, 884 - 896Khusra Fīrūz, 983 - 994Khusraw Malik b. Khusrawshāh, 1160 - 1186Khusrawshāh b. Bahrāmshāh, 1157 - 1160Khuzayma b. Khāzim al-TamīmīKibāk, 1318 - 1326Kibāk, 1414 - 1417Kibāk Khān, 1414 - 1417Kildī Beg, 1361 - 1362KimonKings of EpirusKis(sos?)Klean-KleantidesKleo-Kleom-KleopolisKohandil Khān, 1st reign, 1830 - 1840Kohandil Khān, 2nd reign, 1840 - 1855Kojong - 高宗 - 고종, 1863–1907Kökbūrī, Muẓaffar al-Dīn Abū Naṣr, 1168 - 1233KotysKratonKulthūm b. ḤafṣKursa-LakonLakonLambert of Spoleto, emperor, 894-898LampisLasonLaumosLê Duy Đàm, 1573–1599Le-Le-Leo VI, Byzantine emperor, 886-912Leo X, pope, 1513-1521LeofricLeofsigeLeofsigeLeofwineLeome-LeonLeontiskosLip-LiviaLothaire, king of France, 954-987Lothar I, emperor, 840-855Louis II, emperor, 855-875Louis II the Stammerer, king of Aquitaine and the west Franks, 877 - 882Louis III, king of the west Franks, 879 - 882Louis IX, king of France, 1226-1270Louis the Child, king of Germany, 899-911Louis the Pious, king and emperor, 814-840Louis VI, king of France, 1108-1137Louis VII, king of France, 1137-1180Louis VIII, king of France, 1223-1226LoukiosLu’lu’, Badr al-Dīn, 1234 - 1259LucillaLucius Aurelius GallusLucius Iulius FaustinianusLucius VerusLykosLysago- ILysago- IILysago- IIIM-Maec(ius) Nepos/NepotianusMaḥfūẓ [b. Sulaymān]Maḥmūd (Chaghatāyid)Maḥmūd (Ghilzāy), 1722 - 1725Maḥmūd b. Aḥmad, local ruler at ŪzkāndMaḥmūd b. Sebuktegīn (Ghaznavid), 998 - 1030Maḥmūd b. Sebuktegīn (Ghaznavid), 999 - 1030Mahmud bin Muhammad bin Sam, Sultan of DelhiMaḥmūd II, Mughīth al-Dīn Abū al-Qasim (Seljūq of Iran), 1117 - 1131Maḥmūd Khān, 1384 - 1402Maḥmūd Shāh, 1801 - 1830Maḥmūd Shāh (Ghilzāy), 1717 - 1725Maḥmūd Shāh, 1st reign, 1802 - 1804Maḥmūd Shāh, 2nd reign, 1810 - 1818Maḥmūd Shāh, 2nd reign, 1810 - 1818Maḥmūd, Nāṣir al-Dīn (Zangid), 1219 - 1234Majd al-Dawla, Abū Ṭālib (Būyid)Malcolm IV, king of Scots, 1153-1165Malik Arslān b. Mas‘ūd, 1116 - 1117Malik Qamr al-Dīn Tamār Khān Qirān, Sultan of Bengal, AH 641/2-644/ AD 1244-1246Malikshāh I, 1072 - 1092Malla, 1858 - 1862MandronMandronaxMangū Tīmūr, 1267 - 1280Mangubarni b. Muḥammad, 1220 - 1231Manlius Acilius C. f. AviolaManoitimosManṣūr b. ‘Alī, (Qarākhānid), 1013 - 1024Manṣūr I b. Nūḥ (Samanid), 961 - 976Manṣūr II b. Nūḥ (Samanid), 976 - 997Manuel I, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1238-1263Manuel I Komnenos, Byzantine emperor, 1143 - 1180Manuel I Komnenos, Byzantine emperor, 1143-1180Manuel II, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1332Manuel III, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1390 - 1417MaraiosMarcellus II, pope, 155Marcus AmbibulusMarcus Antonius ZenoMarcus AureliusMark AntonyMartin I, king of Aragon, 1396-1410Marwān b. BashīrMary, queen of England, 1553-1554Mary, queen of Scots, 1542–1567Mary II, queen of England, Ireland, and Scotland, 1689–1694Mas‘ūd b. Maḥmūd (Ghaznavid), 1030 - 1042Mas‘ūd I (Seljūqs of Rūm), 1116 - 1156Mas‘ūd I, ’Izz al-Dīn (Zangid), 1181 - 1193Mas‘ūd II, ’Izz al-Dīn (Zangid), 1211 - 1218Mas‘ūd II, Ghiyāth al-Dīn (first reign), 1284 - 1296Mas‘ūd III b. Ibrahīm, 1099 - 1115Mas‘ūd, Ghiyāth al-Dīn (Seljūq of Iran), 1134 - 1152Mas’ūd b. Qilij Arslān IIMaṭarMatidiaMatrikonMatrisMaues, c.c. 90-c. 60 BCMawdūd b. Mas‘ūd (Ghaznavid), 1041 - 1048Mawdūd b. Zangī, Quṭb al-Dīn, 1149 - 1170Mawdūd, Rukn al-Dīn (Artuqid), 1222 - 1231MaximinusMaximusMazyad?Mega-MegaklesMehmed Çelebi, princeMehmed I, sultanMehmed IIMeidi-Melanippos (I)Melanippos (II)Mena-Menek-Menekl-Menekr (Byzantium)MenekratesMenglī Girāy I b. Hājjī Girāy, 1466 - 1514MeniskosMenod-Ment[or] IMentor IIMessallinaMet-Methen-MethrophonMetrodorosMetrodotosMetronMetrophanes (I)Metrophanes (II)MetrophonMichael, Byzantine emperor at Trebizond, 1344-1349Michael VI, Byzantine empress, 1056-1057Michael VII, Byzantine emperor, 1071-1078Miltiad(es)Molpagores (I)Molpagores (II)MolpasMolpo-Möngke, 1251 - 1259MormottosMoschi[on] IMoschion IIMu'izz al-Din Bahram, Sultan of DelhiMu'izz al-Din Kaigubad, Sultan of DelhiMu'izz al-Din Mubarak, Sultan of DelhiMu'īzz al-Dīn Tughril, Sultan of Bengal, AH 667-668/ AD 1268-1280Mu'īzz al-Dīn Tughril, Sultan of Bengal, AH 667-680/ AD 1268-1282Mu‘ādh [b. Muslim?]Mu’ayyad al-Dawla, Abū Manṣūr (Būyid)Mu’izz al-Dawla, Abū al-Ḥusayn Aḥmad (Būyid)Mu’izz al-Dīn Sanjar Shāh, 1180 - 1208Mu’tamid al-Dawla Qirwash, 1001 - 1050Mughīth al-Dīn Yūzbak, Sultan of Bengal, AH fl. 651-655/ AD 1253-1257Mugīth al-Dīn ṬughrilMugīth al-Dīn Ṭughril, c.1180 - 1221MuḥammadMuḥammad, 1577 - 1587Muḥammad ‘Abd al-WadūdMuḥammad ‘Alī (Ming Khans), 1823 - 1842Muḥammad ‘Umar (Ming Khans), 1810 - 1823Muḥammad (Great Seljūq), 1099 - 1118Muḥammad [b. Sulayman b. ‘Alī al-‘Abbāsī]Muḥammad A‘ẓam, 1866 - 1868Muḥammad Afḍal, 1866 - 1868Muḥammad AkbarMuḥammad al- ‘Ādīl al-ẒāfīrMuḥammad al-AmīnMuḥammad al-MahdīMuḥammad al-ẒāfīrMuḥammad Amīn (Khiva), 1845 - 1855Muḥammad AyyūbMuḥammad b. ‘Abd AllāhMuḥammad b. ‘Abd AllāhMuḥammad b. ‘Alī, 1855 - 1875Muḥammad b. ‘Alī (Qarākhānid), 1003 - 1024Muḥammad b. ‘Alī (Su‘lūkid)Muḥammad b. ‘AmrMuḥammad b. ‘Amr, 885 - 888Muḥammad b. ‘IsāMuḥammad b. ’Amr (Ṣaffārid), 885 - 887Muḥammad b. (Yaḥyā? Or ‘Alī?)Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan, Toghān-Khān, 1st Reign (Qarākhānid), 1024 - 1027Muḥammad b. Ḥasan (Qarlughid), 1249 - 1259Muḥammad b. Ibrahīm b. SimjūrīMuḥammad b. IsḥāqMuḥammad b. Maḥmūd (1st Reign), 1030 - 1030Muḥammad b. Maḥmūd, as governor of JūzjānMuḥammad b. Muqātil b. Hakīm al-‘AkkīMuḥammad b. Nāṣr, ruler of KasanMuḥammad b. Sa‘īd [b. ‘Uqba]Muḥammad b. Saba’, 1139 - 1153Muḥammad b. Sām, Ghiyāth al-Dīn, 1163 - 1203Muḥammad b. Sām, Mu’izz al-Dīn, 1171 - 1206Muḥammad b. SulaymānMuḥammad b. Ṭāhir II, 862 - 873Muḥammad b. Tekish, 1200 - 1220Muḥammad b. Tughj, 935 - 946Muḥammad b. YazīdMuḥammad b. YazīdMuhammad bin Farid, Sultan of DelhiMuhammad bin Firuz, Sultan of DelhiMuhammad bin Sam, Sultan of Delhi, AH 589-602 / AD 1193-1206Muḥammad Būlāq, 1369 - 1380Muḥammad Ḥasan, 1750 - 1759Muḥammad I (Eretnid), 1352 - 1362Muḥammad I b. Buzurgūmīd, 1162Muḥammad Isḥāq (rebel at Balkh), 1887 - 1889Muḥammad Khan, 1335 - 1338Muḥammad Shāh, 1835 - 1847Muḥammad Shaybānī, 1500 - 1510Muḥammad Ya‘qūbMumahhid al-Dawla, Abū Manṣūr Sa’īd b. Marwan (Marwanid), 997 - 1010MuqātilMurad I, 1360-1389Murad II, 1421 - 1451Murad IIIMurakami - 村上天皇, 946–67Murīd Khān, 1361 - 1363Mūsā b. ‘Isā (first tenure)Mūsā b. ‘Isā (third tenure)Mūsā b. HādīMusa Çelebi, 1411 - 1413Mūsā mawla (of al-Mahdī)Muẓaffar al-Dīn (Mangit Khāns), 1860 - 1886Muẓaffar al-Dīn Sa‘d, Atabeg, 1203 - 1231Muẓaffar al-Dīn Takla, 1173 - 1194Muʿāwiya b. Abī Sufyān, 661 - 680MyrsosNādir Shāh, 1735 - 1747Nann-Nāṣir al-Dawla, Abū Muḥammad (Ḥamdānid), 935 - 967Nāṣir al-Dīn Artuq Arslān (Artuqid), 1200 - 1240Nāsir al-Dīn Ibrāhīm Shāh (in Lakhnautī), Sultan of Bengal, AH 724 - 726?/ AD 1524 - 1326?Nasir al-Din Khusru, Sultan of DelhiNasir al-Din Mahmud, Sultan of DelhiNāsir al-Dīn Mahmūd, Sultan of Bengal, AH 624-626/ AD 1227-1229Nasir al-Din Mahmud, Sultan of DelhiNāṣir al-Dīn Maḥmūd (Artuqid), 1200 - 1222Nāṣir al-Dīn Maḥmūd (Zangid), 1219 - 1234Nāsir al-Dīn Mahmūd Bughra Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 680-688/ AD 1282-1289Nāṣir al-Dīn Shāh, 1847 - 1895Naṣr al-Dawla, Abū Naṣr Muḥammad (Marwanid), 1011 - 1061Nāṣr b. ‘Alī (Qarākhānid)Nasr b. ‘Alī (Qarākhānid)Naṣr b. Aḥmad (Samanid), 914 - 943Naṣr b. Aḥmad (Samanid)Nasr b. Habīb al-MuhallabīNāṣr b. SebuktegīnNāṣr b. SebuktegīnNaṣrullāh, 1827 - 1860Nawrūz b. Aḥmad, 1552 - 1556Nawrūz Beg, 1359 - 1360Ne-NeomeniosNero, 54 - 68Nero Claudius DrususNerva, AD 96–98NestisNikephoros II Phokas, Byzantine emperor, 963-969Nikephoros III, Byzantine emperor, 1078-1081NikiasNikoklesNikostratosNinmyō - 仁明天皇, 833–50NoumeniasNūḥ b Manṣūr (Samanid), 976 - 997Nūḥ b. Nāṣr (Samanid), 943 - 954Nūr al-Dīn Maḥmūd, 1146 - 1174Nūr al-Dīn Muḥammad (Artuqid), 1174 - 1175NuṣayrNuṣayrNusrat Shah, Sultan of DelhiNymphagoresNymphodorosOctaviaOdo/Eudes, king of the west Franks, 888 - 897Oinia-OionpidesOly-OlympiodorosOrbianaOrchamosOrhan Gazi, 1323 - 1362Osman GaziOsweardOswigOtacilia SeveraOthoOuazebas, king of Aksum, c.380-400Ousanas I, king of Aksum, c.323-345P-P. Iuventius Celsus T. Aufidius Hoenius SeverianusPag-PamphilosPapal vacant seatParme-ParmenionParmenonParthamaspatesPasikle-PatroklesPatronPaul III, pope, 1534 - 1549Paul IV, pope, 1555-1559Pausanias (I)Pausanias (II)Pedro I, King of Aragón, 1094-1104PeisistratosPeithesilesPelo-Pepin the Short, king of the Franks, 751 - 768Peri-PerseusPeter I ('the Catholic'), Count of Barcelona, 1196-1213Peter II ('the Catholic'), King of Aragón, 1196-1213Peter III, king of Aragon, 1336-1387PhanaosPhanesPhanesPhanionPhilaiosPhilasPhile- IPhile- IIPhilip and Mary, king and queen of England, 1554-1558Philip I, king of France, 1060-1108Philip IPhilip IIPhilip IIPhilip II Augustus, king of France, 1180-1223Philip III ArrhidaeusPhilip III Arrhidaeus, 323 BC–317 BCPhilipposPhilistisPhilonikosPhittalos (I)Phittalos (II)Phocas, Byzantine emperor, 602-610PhokritosPhormionPhrygillosPīr ‘Umar, 1419 - 1420Pīr BūdāqPīr Muḥammad I, 1556 - 1561Pius III, pope, 1503, 1503 - 1503Pl-PlotinaPol-Polemar-Poli-Polli-PolyaretosPolyaretosPolygnotosPolykrates (I)Polykrates (II)PolynikosPolyphantosPolyxenosPontius Furius (?) PontianusPoppaeaPoseid-PoseidipposPosideios (I)Posideios (II)PosideusPro-PromethidesProtes (I)Protes (II)Protes (III)Ptolemy I of Mauretania, King, 13 BC - 40Ptolemy IV PhilopatorPublius Petronius P. f.Publius Quinctilius VarusPūlād, 1407 - 1414Pūlād Khān, 1407 - 1411PupienusPurdil KhānPurdil Khān, 1st reign, 1818 - 1819Purdil Khān, 2nd reign, 1826 - 1831PyrrhosPyrrhos of PrienePythagoresPythes (I)Pythes (II)Pythinnes (I)Pythinnes (II)Pytho-PythodorosPythodorosPythoklesPythonPythonikosQāḍī Burhān al-Dīn, 1380 - 1397Qadr Khān (governor of Lakhnautī), Sultan of Bengal, AH 726? - ?/ AD 1326? - ?Qaplān Girāy I b. Selīm Girāy, 2nd Reign, 1713 - 1716Qarā Yūsuf, 1411 - 1420Qaṭarī b. al-Fujā’aQawām al-Dawla, Abū al-Fawāris (Būyid), 1012 - 1028Qawurd Qarā Arslān Beg, ·’Imād al-Dawla (Seljūqs of Kirmān), 1041 - 1073Qayṣar Shāh, 1804 - 1804Qāzān Tīmūr, 1343 - 1346Qilij Arslān II, 1156 - 1192Qilij Arslān IV, 1248 - 1265Qrīm Girāy b. Dawlat Girāy II, 1st Reign, 1758 - 1764Quintus Caecilius Secundus ServilianusQuintus Sicinius Clarus Po(ntianus?)Quintus Tineius RufusQuintus Tullius MaximusQūlnā Khān, 1359 - 1360Qutb al-Din Aibak, Sultan of DelhiQutb al-Din Mubarak, Sultan of DelhiQuṭb al-Dīn Muḥammad, 1198 - 1219Quṭb al-Dīn Sukmān, 1185 - 1200Qutlugh Khwāja, 1298 - 1299Rabi‘Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, 1086-1131Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona, 1131-1162Randulf, moneyerRaoul, king of France, 923-936RicardRiccart, moneyerRiḍwānRobert II, king of Scots, 1371-1390Robert III, king of Scots, 1390-1406Roger of Rosoy, bishop of Laon, 1175-1207Romanos II, Byzantine emperor, 959-963Romanos III, Byzantine emperor, 1028-1034Romanos IV, Byzantine emperor, 1068-1071Rudolf of Burgundy, king of Italy, 922-926Rukn al-Dawla Abū·’Alī al-Ḥasan (Būyid)Rukn al-Dīn 'Alī Mardān, Sultan of Bengal, AH 605-609/10/ AD 1208-1213Rukn al-Din Firuz, Sultan of DelhiRukn al-Din Ibrahim, Sultan of DelhiRukn al-Dīn Kaikāūs, Sultan of Bengal, AH 689-700/ AD 1290-1300Rustam, 1491 - 1497Rustam b. BardawaRustam b. BardawaRustam b. Sharwīn, 964 - 980Sa‘īdSa‘īd b. Da‘lajSa’d al-Dawla, Abū Ma’ālī (Ḥamdānid), 967 - 991SabinaṢādiq Khān, 1779 - 1781Safī I, 1628 - 1643Saga - 嵯峨天皇, 809–23SahlSaif al-Dīn Aibak, Sultan of Bengal, AH 627-631/ AD 1230-1233Saif al-Dīn Ḥamzah Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 813 - 815/ AD 1410 - 1412ṢāliḥṢāliḥ b. ‘AlīṢāliḥ b. ’Umayr al-’UqaylīSalmSalm b. ZiyādSamā al-Dawla, Abū al-Ḥasan Tawfīq (Būyid), 1021 - 1024Ṣamṣām al-Dawla, Abū Kālījār al-Marzubān (Būyid)Sanc of Majorca, king of Majorca, 1311-1324Sancho Ramírez, King of Aragón, 1063-1094Sanjar (Great Seljūq), 1118 - 1157Sanjar, as viceroy under BarkyāruqSanjar, as viceroy under MuḥammadSari-Sātī Beg, 1338 - 1339SatorneinosSaty-Sayf al-Dawla, Abū al-Ḥasan (Ḥamdānid), 945 - 967Sayf al-Dīn Begtīmūr, 1183 - 1193Sayf b. al-Ṭārā’īSayyid Muḥammad (Khiva), 1856 - 1865Sayyid Muḥammad Raḥīm (Khiva), 1864 - 1910Sayyid Sulṭān (Ming Khans), 1863 - 1865Sebuktegīn (Ghaznavid), 977 - 997Seiwa - 清和天皇, 858–76Sejong - 世宗 - 세종, 1418–50Selīm Girāy I b. Bahādur Girāy, 1st Reign, 1671 - 1678Selim I, 1512 - 1520Selim IISeptimius SeverusSeverus AlexanderShādī Beg, 1401 - 1407Shāh Shujā‘, 1358 - 1384Shāh Shujā‘, 1358 - 1384Shāh Sulṭān, 1296 - 1304Shāh Tīmūr, 1358 - 1359Shāh Zamān, 1793 - 1801Shāhīn Girāy b. Aḥmad Girāy, 1777 - 1783Shāhpūr, 1842 - 1842Shāhriyār b. Rustam, 987 - 1003Shāhrukh, 1405 - 1447Shāhrukh (Afshārid), 1st reign, 1748 - 1750Shajarat al-Durr, 1250 - 1250Shams al-Dawla (Būyid), 997 - 1021Shams al-Dīn bin Ḥamza, Sultan of Bengal, AH 815/ AD 1412Shams al-Dīn Daulat Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 699/ AD 1299/1300Shams al-Dīn Fīrūz Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 700-716/ AD 1300-1316, AH 719-720/ AD 1319-1320Shams al-Dīn Iliyās Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 746 - 758/ AD 1345 - 1357Shams al-Din Ilutumish, Sultan of DelhiShams al-Din Kayumarth, Sultan of DelhiShams al-Din Mahmud, Sultan of DelhiShams al-Ma‘alī Qābūs, 1st Reign, 978 - 982Sharaf al-Dawla, Abū al-Fawāris Shīrdhīl (Būyid)Shaykh Ḥasan, 1335 - 1356Sher Khān, Sultan of Bengal, UnknownShihab al-Din 'Umar, Sultan of DelhiShihāb al-Dīn Bāyazīd Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 815 - 817/ AD 1412 - 1414Shihāb al-Dīn Bughda Shāh, Sultan of Bengal, AH 717-718/ AD 1317-1318Shihāb al-Dīn Bughda Shāh, Sultan of BengalShīr ‘Alī, 1863 - 1879ShīrdhīlShōtoku - 称徳天皇, 749–58Shōwa Tennō 昭和天皇 (Hirohito), Shōwa era (1926–89)Shu‘ayb b. IsḥāqShujā‘ al-Mulk, 2nd reign, 1804 - 1809Shujā‘ al-Mulk, 5th reign, 1840 - 1842Si-Sihtric III, king of Dublin, 995-1036Sikandar, Sultan of DelhiSikandar Shāh bin Iliyās, Sultan of Bengal, AH 758 - 792/ AD 1357 - 1389SilanosSile-SilonSinān al-Dawla, Abū ’Āmir (‘Uqaylid), 1000 - 1003Sisibi-Smor-SmordosSmordotormokal-SosipposSostratosSotasSpalagadames, c.1st century BCSpalahores, c.1st century BCSpalirises, c.1st century BCSphodria(s)StasionStephen, moneyerStrop-SubayḥSuellius MarcianusSufyān b. Mu‘āwiyaSukjong - 朝鮮 肅宗 - 숙종, 1674–1720Sukjong - 高麗 肅宗 - 숙종, 1095–1105SulaymānSulaymān, 1338 - 1346Sulaymān (Durrānī), 1773 - 1774Sulaymān b. al-ḤasanSulaymān b. al-Ḥusayn, 1372 - 1374Sulaymān b. Hārūn/ al-Ḥasan, Qadir-KhānSulaymān b. Yūsuf, Arslān Khān, 1031 - 1056Sulaymān I, 1668 - 1694Sulaymān II as Malik of Tokat, 1077 - 1086Sulaymān II as Sultan, 1196 - 1204Sulaymān Tafghāj Khān, ruler in Eastern TurkistanSüleyman I, 1520 - 1566Sulṭān Aḥmad, 1382 - 1410Sulṭān al-Dawla, Abū Shujā (Būyid)Sulṭān Ḥusayn (Jalāyirid), 1374 - 1382Sulṭān Ḥusayn (Timurid), 1468 - 1505Sulṭān Ḥusayn I, 1694 - 1722Sulṭān Mas‘ūd, 1494 - 1501Sulṭān Muḥammad, 1447 - 1452Sunjo - 朝鮮 純祖 - 순조, 1800–34Suyūrghatmish, 1370 - 1384Sym...(Abdera)T'aejo Kanghon, 1392-1399Ṭaghāy Timūr, 1336 - 1353Ṭāhir b. al-ḤusaynṬāhir b. Muḥammad (Ṣaffārid), 901 - 908Ṭåhir II b.·’Abd Allāh, 845 - 862Ṭahmāsp I, 1524 - 1576Ṭahmāsp II, 1729 - 1732Tāj al-Dīn Ḥarb b. Muḥammad, 1166 - 1216Tāj al-Dīn Naṣr b. Bahrāmshāh, 1221 - 1222Taj al-Din Yildiz, Sultan of DelhiṬålḥa b. Ṭåhir, 822 - 828Tātār Khān, Sultan of BengalTauriskosTaymūr Shāh, 1774 - 1793TeisylosTele-TelemachosTen-Tenmu 天武Theodora, Byzantine empress at Trebizond, 1285Theodora, Byzantine empress, 1055-1056Theodore Mangaphas, Byzantine usurper, 1188-1189 and 1204-1206TheodotosTheodotosTheondesTheopomposTheoume-Third Republic of SyracuseThomas Rotherham, Archbishop of York, 1480–1500Thrasamund, king of the Vandals, 496 - 523Thrasonk-Thrasyb-Thrasymmag(os)ThrasysTiberius, 14 - 37Tiberius Claudius Attalus PaterclianusTilbeorhtTimaiosTimodamasTimokratesTimoleonTimonTīmūr, 1370 - 1405Timurtāsh, Ḥusām al-Dīn (Artuqid), 1122 - 1154TitusTitus Pomponius BassusTitus Statilius BarbarusToghān-Khān Aḥmad b. ‘Alī (Qarākhānid), 994 - 1016Toqtamish, 1376 - 1395Toqtū, 1291 - 1312Trajan, 98 - 117Trajan DeciusTrần Công Ninh (陳公寧), 1516TranquillinaTrebonianus GallusTūdā Mangū, 1280 - 1287Ṭughril Beg, 1038 - 1063Tūlūn Beg, 1371 - 1372Tūqtāmish, 1376 - 1395Tūrānshāh II, 1436 - 1456Tūrānshāh IV, 1541 - 1564TutushUda - 宇多天皇, 887–897Ūljāytū, 1303 - 1307Ulugh Tughril-KhānUmm Ja‘far/al-Sayyida Umm al-Khalīfauncertain, king of Italy and/or emperorUncertain counterfeiterUways I, 1356 - 1374Ūzbek, 1312 - 1341Uzun Ḥasan, 1453 - 1478VespasianVitelliusVolusianVonones, c.c. 80-c. 50 BCWalī al-DawlaWazeba, king of Aksum, c.337 - 338WigrædWihtred, king of Kent, c.690-725WihtsigeWilliam I the Lion, king of Scots, 1165-1214William III/II, king of England, Ireland, and Scotland, 1689–1702WulfhelmXeno-XenonXenonXouthosXouthosYa‘qūb, 1478 - 1491YaḥyāYaḥyā b. Mu‘ādhYazīdYazīd b. Mazyad [al-Shaybānī]Yd-Yesūn Tīmūr, 1336 - 1340Yildiz, 1206 - 1215Yǒngjo - 朝鮮 英祖 - 영조, 1724–76Yūsuf b. ‘Alī, Arslān-ĪligYūsuf b. Abī BakrYūsuf b. Hārūn, al-Ḥasan, Qadir Khān (Qarākhānid), 998 - 1032Yūsuf b. Sa‘īdYūsuf b. Sa‘īdYūsuf b. Wajīh, 926 - 945Yūsuf b. YazīdZa-Zahīr al-Dawla Bīsutūn, 968 - 978Zangī, ·Imād al-Dīn (Zangid of Sinjār), 1171 - 1197ZenobiaZenodotosZenonZenonZiyād b. Abī SufyānZoilosZubayr b. ‘UmarʿAbd Allāh b. al-ZubayrʿUbayd Allāh b. ZiyādʿUmar b. ʿUbayd Allāh\n`Ammān (Islamic)'Akkā (Islamic)'Asqalān (Islamic)'Campani'‘Adan (Islamic)‘Athar (Islamic)‘Ukbarā (Islamic)‘Umān (Islamic)“Bikbik” (Islamic)“Bikbik” (Islamic)(H)aluntium(Sim) Kanghwa Kwalliyŏng - (沁)江華管理營 - (심)강화관리영 (Korean)(Song) Kaesŏng Kwalliyŏng - 開城管理營 - 개성관리영 (Korean)AbacaenumAbarilturAbarqūh (Islamic)Abbaetae MysiAbbaitisAbderaAbderaAberdeen (Medieval)AbilaAbonuteichosAbraAbrashahr (Islamic)Abū Isḥāq (Islamic)Abū Shahr (Bushire) (Islamic)AbydusAcalissusAcanthusAcciAccilaeumAcerraeAchaeumAcharacaAchilleionAchullaAcinipo (Greek)Acinippo (Roman Provincial)AcmoneiaAcraeAcraephiaAcrasusAdadaAdanaAdhra'at/Dhar'āt (Islamic)AdraaAdramyteumAdranumAegaeAegaeAegae (Greek)AegaeAegeaeAegeiraAegialeAegialus (?)AeginaAegirusAegiumAegospotamiAegosthenaAelia CapitolinaAemiliumAenaiAeneiaAenianesAenusAeraeAeserniaAetnaAetolian LeagueAezanisAfzāy (Islamic)AgathopolisAgrigentumAgrippia Caesarea (Phanagoria)AgyriumAHM (Hamadān) (Islamic)Aḥmadābād (Islamic)Aḥmadpūr (Islamic)Aḥmadshāhī (Islamic)Ai KhanoumAikawa in Sado 佐渡-愛川 (Japanese)AiporaAkbarabad, Dar al-Khilafah (Islamic)Akhlāṭ (Islamic)Akhsīkath (Islamic)Akita 秋田 (Japanese)Aksum (Medieval)AKWLA (al-Kūfa) (Islamic)al-‘Abbāsīya (Islamic)al-‘Irāq (Islamic)Al-Ahwāz (Islamic)Al-Andalus (Islamic)Al-Bāb (Islamic)Al-Baṣra (Islamic)al-Baṣra (Islamic)al-Biyar (Islamic)al-Dāmigh (Islamic)al-Dumluwa (Islamic)Al-Furāt (Islamic)Al-Fusṭāṭ? (Islamic)al-Hārūnīya (Islamic)Al-Ḥilla (Islamic)al-Ḥiṣn (Islamic)al-Hurmuz (Islamic)al-Iskandarīya (Islamic)Al-Jazīra (Islamic)al-Jazīra (Islamic)al-Jisr (Islamic)al-Khuttā (Islamic)Al-Kūfa (Islamic)al-Kushānī (Islamic)Al-Madīna al-Mutawakkilīya (Islamic)Al-Mahdīya (Islamic)al-Mahjam (Islamic)Al-Manṣūrīya (Islamic)Al-Maṣīṣa Thaghr al-Maṣīṣa (Islamic)Al-Mawṣil (Islamic)Al-Mu'izzīya (Islamic)al-Mubaraka (Islamic)al-Mubāraka (Islamic)Al-Muḥammadīya (Islamic)al-Qāhira (Islamic)Al-Qaṣr al-Fākhir (Islamic)Al-Qayrawān (Islamic)Al-Quds (Islamic)Al-Rāfiqa (Islamic)Al-Raḥba (Islamic)Al-Ramla (Islamic)al-Rayy (Islamic)Al-Rayy Al-Muḥammadīya (Islamic)Al-Rayy/Al-Muhammadīya (Islamic)Al-Rayy/Al-Muḥammadīya (Islamic)al-Ruhā (Islamic)al-Saghāniyān (Islamic)al-Sāmīya (Islamic)Al-Shāsh (Islamic)Al-Sūs (Islamic)Al-Taymara (Islamic)Al-Urdunn (Islamic)al-Wafā` Lillāh (Islamic)al-Wafā`Lillāh (Islamic)AlabandaAlaesaAlagīz (Islamic)Alāshtar (Alishtar) (Islamic)AlassaAlaunAlbaAlba FucensAleaAleppo (Halab)Alexandreia ad IssumAlexandreia TroasAlexandriaAlexandria in ArachosiaAlexandria on the CaucasusAlgiersAliaAlindaAlinja (see Qal‘at Alinja) (Islamic)AlipheiraAlipotaAllariaAllifaeAlopeconnesusAlyziaAmantiaAmasiaAmāsīya (Islamic)AmastrisAmasya (Ottoman)AmathusAmbladaAmbraciaAmestratusAmi(naea)Āmid (Islamic)AmidAmiens (Medieval)AmisusAmorgosAmoriumAmphaxitisAmphipolisAmphissaĀmul (Islamic)AmyzonAnactoriumAnapheAnazarbusANBYR (Anbīr) (Islamic)Anchiale (?)AnchialusAnconaAnconaAncyraAncyraAndarāba (Islamic)AndedaAndrosAnemuriumAngers (Medieval)Angūriya (Ankara) (Islamic)AninetusAnkara (Ottoman)AnopolisAnṭākīya (Islamic)AntandrusAnthedonAnthemusiaAnticyraAntigoneiaAntigoneiaAntioch (Byzantine)AntiochAntioch of PisidiaAntiocheia (Cebren)Antiocheia ad CragumAntiocheia ad CydnumAntiocheia ad EuphratemAntiocheia ad HippumAntiocheia ad MaeandrumAntiocheia ad PyramumAntiocheia ad SarumAntiocheia ad TaurumAntiochia ad CallirhoemAntipatrisAntiphellusAntissaAnwala (Aonla) 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(Islamic)Aṭarablus (Islamic)AtarneusAtellaAthamanesAthenae Diades (?)AthensAtilianaAtraxAttaeaAttaleiaAttaleiaAttudaAtusia ad CaprumAugustaAugusta Traiana (Roman Provincial)AureliopolisAuseskenAutocaneAvenioĀwnīk (Islamic)AxusAyasoluk (Ottoman)Aydhaj (Islamic)AYFTAK (uncertain mint in Khurāsān) (Islamic)Azāq (Islamic)AzetiumBa'albakk (Islamic)Baalbek (Islamic)BabbaBabylonBắc Ninh Province (Bắc Ninh, 北寧) (Vietnamese)BactraBadakhshān (Islamic)BaesuriBaetulo (Greek)Bāghcha-Sarāy (Islamic)Baghdād (Islamic)BagisBahāwalpūr (Islamic)Bahrzan (Islamic)BaicipoBailoBaitoloBākū (Islamic)BalanaeaBalburaBaldat al-Ūzjānd (Islamic)Balikh (Islamic)Balkh (Islamic)BalleiaBalsaBāmiyā (Islamic)Bāmiyān (Islamic)Bamm (Islamic)Banjhīr (Islamic)BarataBaraylī (Bareli) (Islamic)BarceBarcelona (Medieval)BarcinoBarda'a (Islamic)Barda‘ (Islamic)Bardasīr (Islamic)BargasaBargyliaBariaBarisBariumBarskunesBaṣra (Islamic)BastiBāyburt (Islamic)Baysān (Islamic)Bāzār (Islamic)Bāzār-I Urdū (Islamic)Bāzuft (Islamic)Bāzuft (Islamic)BBA (the camp mint) (Islamic)Beauvais (Medieval)BelaiskomBelikioBeneventumBentianBern (Modern)BeroeaBeroeaBerwick (Medieval)BerytusBeuibon ?Bhakhar (Islamic)BiannosBibilisBidlīs (Islamic)BilanBilbilisBīlwaran (Islamic)BirytisBisaltaeBisantheBīshāpūr (Islamic)BithyniumBizyaBlaundusBlois (Medieval)BN (unlocated, Kirmān province) (Islamic)Board of Public Works Mint (Công (work), 工) (Vietnamese)BoeaeBoeoneBolognaBolskanBoraBorneskonBostraBotrysBottiaeaBourges (Medieval)BriaBristol (Modern)Bristol (Medieval)BriulaBrundisiumBrutobrigaBruttiiBruzusBubonBukhārā (Islamic)Bukhārā (Islamic)Būlghār (Islamic)Bulla RegiaBuraBursa (Ottoman)BursauBurūjird (Islamic)Bury St. Edmunds (Medieval)Buṣrā (Islamic)Bust (Islamic)ButhrotumButuntumByblusByllisBYŠ (Bīshāpūr) (Islamic)ByzantiumCabeiraCabyleCadiCadyandaCaeliaCaenaCaenicensesCaesarea in CappadociaCaesareiaCaesareia ad LibanumCaesareia GermanicaCaesareia GermaniciaCaesareia PaniasCaesareia Samariae (Roman Provincial)CalacteCalagurris (Roman Provincial)CalatiaCalchedonCalesCallatisCalletCallipolisCallistaCalymnaCalyndaCamarataCamarinaCambrai (Medieval)CameCamirusCampano-TarentineCanathaCandybaCanterburyCanusiumCaphyaCapitolias (Roman Provincial)CapsaCapuaCaralisCaralliaCarbulaCarcineCardiaCarisaCarlisle (Medieval)CarmoCarneCarrhaeCarteiaCarthaeaCarthage (Medieval)CarthageCarthago NovaCaryandaCarystusCasaeCascantumCassandreiaCassopeCastuloCatanaCauloniaCaunusCauraCaystrianiCebrenCelenderisCelsaCeltitanCennatisCentral Provinces, bordering Yunnan (Trung (Central), 中) (Vietnamese)CenturipaeCeosCephaloediumCeraeaCeramusCerasusCercinitisCeretapaCeritCeryneiaCestrusCh'angwŏn Kwalliyŏng - 昌原管理營 - 창원관리영 (Korean)Ch’ongyungch’ŏng - 摠戎廳 - 총융청 (Korean)Ch’unch’ŏn Kwalliyŏng - 春川管理營 - 춘천관리영 (Korean)ChabactaChaeroneiaChalcetorChalcidian LeagueChalcisChalcis ad BelumChalcis sub LibanoChalon-sur-Saone (Medieval)Charach-MobaCharax SpasinouChartres (Medieval)CherronesusCherson (Byzantine)ChersoneseChersonesusChersonesusChester (Medieval)China, exact location uncertain (An Nam, 安南) (Vietnamese)Chinhyulch’ŏng - 賑恤廳 - 진휼청 (Korean)ChiosChŏlla Kamyŏng - 全羅監營 - 전라감영 (Korean)ChomaChŏngch’och’ŏng - 精抄廳 - 정초청 (Korean)Chŏnhwan’guk - 典園局 - 전환국 (Korean)Chujŏn Togam - 鑄錢都監 - 주전도감 (Korean)CibyraCibyra MinorCidramusCidyessusCieriumCilbeCilbiani InferioresCilbiani SuperioresCimissaCirrhaCirtaCistheneCitanauraCithus (?)CitiumCiusClannuddaClaudiopolis Ninica (Roman Provincial)ClazomenaeCleitorCleonaeClermont (Medieval)CluniaClypeaCnidusCnossusCodrulaCoelaColbasaCologne (Medieval)ColoneColoneColonia Iulia Pia Paterna (Roman Provincial)ColophonColossaeColybrassusComamaComanaCompulteriaConanaConsentiaConstantinople (Byzantine)Constantinople (Ottoman)CopaeCopiaCoracesiumCorcyraCorcyra NigraCordubaCoressiaCorinthCoroneCoroneiaCorontaCoropissusCorycusCorydallaCosCosaCossuraCotiaeumCourcessin (Medieval)CragusCranaeCranausCraniiCrannonCremnaCreteiaCretopolisCrithoteCromnaCrotonCtesiphonCumaeCunbariaCuriumCyaneaeCybistraCydna (?)Cydonia CymeCymeCynaethaCyparissiaCypselaCyreneCyrrhusCysCytheraCyzicusDA (Dārābjird) (Islamic)DA + G (Jahrum) (Islamic)DaldisDalisandusDamaniaDamascus (Islamic)DamascusDamascusDamastiumDāmghān (Islamic)DaorsiaDār al-Irshād (Islamic)Darabjird (Islamic)Dārāy (Islamic)Darband (Islamic)DardanusDascyleiumDastawā (Islamic)Dawraq (Islamic)Dayrah (Islamic)Dayrajāt (Islamic)DelosDelphiDemetriasDemetriasDemetrias ad TigrimDerbeDerronesDertosaDetumo SisipoDeultumDiaDiasDicaeaDicaea by AbderaDimashq (Islamic)DiocaesareiaDiocaesareia CiliciaeDiocleiaDionysopolisDionysopolis PhrygiaeDios HieronDioscomeDioscuriasDiospolis-LyddaDipaeaDipoDiumDium Syriae (Roman Provincial)DocimeiumDodonaDolicheDoraDorestadDorestad (Medieval)DorylaeumDreux (Medieval)DS or DST (presumably Dasht Maysān) (Islamic)Dublin (Medieval)Dublin (Modern)Dumbarton (Medieval)Dunaysīr (Islamic)Dundee (Medieval)DurhamDurham House (Modern)DymeDyrrhachiumEastern mint (Thrace ?)EbodaEboraEbura CerealisEbususEcbatanaEccarraEchinusEdessaEdessaEdinburghEdirne (Ottoman)Edo 江戸 (Japanese)EdoniEgyptEionEkualakosElaeaElaeusElaeusaElateiaEleaEleusisEleutherionEleuthernaEleutheropolisElisElisphasiiElyrusEmerita (Roman Provincial)EmisaEmporiaeEnnaEnnea HodoiEntellaEphesusEpidaurusEpiphaneiaEpiphaneia, SyriaEporaEralaErcavicaEresusEretriaErizaErythraeEryxEsbusEsoEtampes (Medieval)EtennaEuboean LeagueEucarpeiaEuhesperidesEuippeEumeneiaEupatrisEureaEuromusEurymenaeEusebeiaEustibaikulaEuthenaeExeter (Medieval)FailakaFarghāna (Islamic)Farrukhābād (Islamic)Fārs (Islamic)Farwān (Islamic)Fasā (Islamic)FenserisFilasṭīn (Islamic)Firrīm (Islamic)Flaviopolis (Roman Provincial)Forfar (Medieval)FrentrumFres (Medieval)Fribourg (Modern)Frisian mint (Medieval)Fujisawa 藤沢 (Japanese)Fulvia (Roman Provincial)Fushimi 伏見 (Japanese)GabaGabalaGadaraGadesGadiauphalaGagaeGalariaGalepsusGallicum (Greek)GambriumGangraGanja (Islamic)GargaraGaulosGazaGaziuraGD (Jayy) (Islamic)GelaGeneva (Modern)GentinusGerasaGergisGergisGermanicopolis (Roman Provincial)GermanicopolisGermeGerme (Germokoloneia)GerrhaGeto-DacianGharshīstān (Islamic)Ghazna (Ghaznayn) (Islamic)Ghazza (Islamic)Gīlān (Islamic)Glasgow (Medieval)GolgoiGomphiGong 共 (city of) (China)Gong 共 (city) (China)GonnoiGordiuteichosGordus JuliaGorgippiaGortynGortysGracurrisGraxaGrimenothyraeGryniumGulistān (Islamic)Gulistān li’l-Sarāy (Islamic)Gulshar (Islamic)Gumushbāzār (Islamic)GunuguGūzlū (Islamic)GyarosGyrtonGythiumHadrianeiaHadriani ad OlympumHadrianopolis (Roman Provincial)Hadrianopolis (?)Hadrianopolis Phrygia (Roman Provincial)HadrianotheraHadrumetumHaeju Kwalliyŏng - 海州管理營 - 해주관리영 (Korean)Ḥalab (Islamic)HaliartusHalicarnassusHalieisHalos (Ilipula Laus)HalusHamadān (Islamic)Hamadān (Islamic)Ḥamāh (Islamic)HamaxitusHamgyŏng Kamyŏng - 咸鏡監營 - 함경감영 (Korean)Hamwic, Wessex (Medieval)Hanoi (Hà Nội, 河內) (Vietnamese)Harar (Islamic)Harar (Islamic)Harāt (Islamic)HarpagionHarpasaḤarrān (Islamic)HatraHatriaḤaydarābād Sind (Islamic)HecatompylosHeliceHeliopolisHephaestiaHeraclea LucaniaeHeraclea MinoaHeracleiaHeracleia ad LatmumHeracleia ad SipylumHeracleia PonticaHeracleia SalbaceHeracleia SinticaHeracleia TrachiniaHeraeaHerbessusHerdoniaeHermioneHermocapeliaHierapolisHierapolis BambyceHierapytnaHierocaesareiaHieropolisHieropolis CastabalaHimeraḤimṣ (Islamic)HipanaHippo DiarrhytusHippo RegiusHipponiumHipposHiranoshinden 平野新田深圳 (Japanese)Ḥiṣār (Islamic)Ḥiṣn (Islamic)Ḥiṣn Ta‘izz (Islamic)HispanorumHistiaeaHojo - 戶曹 - 호조 (Korean)HolmiHomoliumHRA (Harāt) (Islamic)Huế (Kinh (capital), 京) (Vietnamese)Hullyŏn Togam - 訓練都監 - 훈련도감 (Korean)Huwayza (Islamic)Hwanghae Kamyŏng -黃海監營 - 황해감영 (Korean)Hybla MagnaHydeHydisusHydrelaHyllarimaHypaepaHypanaHypataHyporumHyrcanisHyrgaleisHyriaHyriaHyriaHyria CampaniaHyriumHyrtacinaIaetiaIakaIalysusIasosIberian Peninsula (Islamic)Ichinose in Kii 一ノ瀬 (Japanese)IchnaeIconiumIcosiumIcusIdaliumIdymaIesoIfrīqīya (Islamic)IguviumIida in Kai 飯田 (Japanese)IkaleskenIkesankomIlchester (Medieval)Ilduro (Greek)Ilercavonia (Dertosa)IlerdaIliberiIliciIlipaIlipenseIliplaIlistraIliturgiIliumĪliyā (Islamic)IlseIltirakaIltirkeskenIltirtaIltukoiteIlturoIlurcoImacharaImbrosInverness (Medieval)IolIollaIosIotapeIporaIpsesIptuciĪrawān (Islamic)Irbil (Islamic)IrenopolisIrippoIrnthiiIsauraIsaura NovaIṣbahān (Islamic)Iṣfahān (Islamic)Isfarāyin (Islamic)Ishinomaki in Sendai 石巻 (Japanese)IsindaIssaIssusIṣṭakhr (Islamic)IstakhrIstrusItalica (Roman Provincial)ItanusIthacaItuciIuliaIuliopolisIulisIwŏn Kwalliyŏng - 利原管理營 - 이원관리영 (Korean)Jājarm (Islamic)Jalālābād (Islamic)Jannābā (Islamic)Janza (Islamic)Jarūn (Islamic)Jayy (Islamic)JayyJayy (Islamic)Jerash (Islamic)Jīruft (Islamic)JoppaJumantsubo 十萬垀 (Japanese)Junday Sābūr (Islamic)Jurbādhaqān (Islamic)Jurjān (Islamic)Jūzjān (Islamic)Kābul (Islamic)Kaesŏng (Korean)Kaesŏng Kwalliyŏng - 開城管理營 - 개성관리영 (Korean)Kaffa (Islamic)KaioKaisesaKaiskataKalakorikosKameido 亀戸 (Japanese)Kangar? (Islamic)Kangwŏn Kamyŏng - 江原監營 - 강원감영 (Korean)KantanosKaralusKarauesKard Fanā Khusra (Islamic)Kāsān (Islamic)Kāshān (Islamic)Kāshghar (Islamic)Kashima 加島 (Japanese)Kashmīr (Islamic)Kawkabān (Islamic)Kayfā (Islamic)Kāzirūn (Islamic)KelinKenninji 建仁寺 (Japanese)KeraiaKeseKhabūshān (Islamic)Khānābād (Islamic)Khanūs (Islamic)Khartabirt (Islamic)KhartapirtKhujanda (Islamic)Khūqand (Islamic)Khūy (Islamic)Khwārizm (Islamic)KiliKilwa (Islamic)KimolosKindyaKinghorn (Medieval)Kingston (on Hull) (Medieval)Kirman (Islamic)Kirmān (Islamic)Kirmān (Islamic)Kirmānshāhān (Islamic)KolouniokuKongjo - 戶曹 - 호조 (Korean)Konterbia BelaiskaKonterbia KarbikaKōshū 甲州 (Japanese)Koume 小梅 (Japanese)Kōzu in Osaka 高津 (Japanese)KRMAN (Kirmān) (Islamic)KRMAN-NAR (Kirmān) (Islamic)KueliokosKuji 太田 (Japanese)Kŭmwiyŏng - 禁衛營 - 금위영 (Korean)Kurramān (Islamic)Kursī al-Daylam (Islamic)Kutsunoya (Japanese)Kwangju Kwalliyŏng - 廣州管理營 - 광주관리영 (Korean)Kyŏnggi Kamyŏng - 京畿監營 - 경기감영 (Korean)Kyŏnggi Suyŏng - 京畿水營 - 경기수영 (Korean)Kyŏngnich’ŏng - 經理廳 - 경리청 (Korean)Kyongsang Chwayŏng - 慶尚左營 - 경상영 (Korean)Kyongsang Kamyŏng - 慶尚監營 - 경상감영 (Korean)Kyongsang Suyŏng - 慶尚水營 - 경상수영 (Korean)Kyŏngsŏng - 京城 - 경성 (Korean)Kyoto 京都 (Japanese)KythnosKyunyŏkch’ŏng - 均役廳 - 균역청 (Korean)KyzikosLabiniLacanatusLacedaemonLacipoLaeaeiLaeliaLaertesLagbeLāhījān (Islamic)Lāhūr (Islamic)LaieskenLakineLalassisLamiaLamponeiaLampsacusLamusLanark (Medieval)Laodicea ad MareLaodiceia ad LibanumLaodiceia ad LycumLaodiceia CombustaLaodiceia PonticaLaon (Medieval)LapethusLappaLār (Islamic)LarandaLarinumLarisaLarissaLarissaLarissaLarissa CremasteLarissa PhriconisLasLascutaLastigiLatoLauroLausLe Mans (Medieval)LebadeiaLebedusLedonLemnosLeonnaeaLeontiniLepsimandusLeptis MagnaLeptis MinorLesser provinces of Tonkin (Nhỏ (small), 小) (Vietnamese)LetaisamaLeteLeucaeLeucasLeucas on the ChrysoroasLibiakosLilaeaLilybaeumLimerick (Modern)Limoges (Medieval)LimyraLincoln (Medieval)LindusLinlithgow (Medieval)LiparaLissusLisusLixusLocri EpizephyriiLondonLonganeLongostaletesLouitiskosLoutiakosLu’lu’a (Islamic)LuceriaLucerne (Modern)Ludd (Islamic)Lūhūr (Lahore) (Islamic)Lurwand (Islamic)LusiLycoaLydaeLyonLyon (Medieval)LyrbeLyrceiaLysiasLysimachiaLysiniaLystraLyttusMa'arrat Miṣrīn (Islamic)Ma‘dan Bājunays (Islamic)Ma‘dan Lu’lu’a (Islamic)Ma‘dan Shahr (Islamic)Ma‘din (Islamic)Mabyan (Islamic)MacaraeaMacedoniaMacedonia, First RegionMacedonia, Second RegionMacerata (Modern)MacomadaMadīnat al-Salām (Islamic)Madinat al-ZahraMadinat FasMadinat FasMadinat HeratMadinat MayurqaMadinat SabtaMadīnat Ṣiqillīya (Islamic)Madinat TarifaMadytusMaeoniaMagnesia ad MaeandrumMagnesia ad SipylumMagydusMāh al-Baṣra (Islamic)Māh al-Kūfa (Islamic)Māhay (Islamic)Maḥmūdābād (Islamic)Maḥmūdpūr (Islamic)Mainz (Medieval)Majorca (Medieval)MalacaMalaṭiya (Islamic)MaliensesMallaMallusMalta (Modern)MalusMamertiniManādhir (Islamic)Manbij (Islamic)Mantes (Medieval)MantineiaMarāghah (Islamic)MarashMarathusMarcianopolis (Roman Provincial)MardinMārdīn (Islamic)MariumMaroneiaMarw (Islamic)Mashhad (Islamic)MasicytesMasonsaMassaliaMastauraMatalia (?)Matsumoto 松本 (Japanese)Mayāfāriqīn (Islamic)Maysān (Islamic)Māzandarān (Islamic)MaʿdinMedabaMedeonMegalopolisMegaraMegara HyblaeaMegarsusMegisteMeliboeaMelitaMelitaeaMelle (Medieval)MelosMemphisMenaenumMendeMesembriaMesmaMessanaMesseneMetapontumMethanaMethoneMethydriumMethydriumMethyliumMethymnaMetropolisMetropolisMetropolisMetropolisMetuainumMetz (Medieval)MidaeumMideaMilan (Medieval)MiletopolisMiletusMinassusMinoaMint of the ancient site of Theisoa (Achaean League) in Arcadia.MirtilesMiṣr (Islamic)MisrMito 水戸 (Japanese)ModaMogadishu (Islamic)Mogadishu (Islamic)Mokhshī (Islamic)MolossiMombasa? (Islamic)Mombasa? (Islamic)Montreuil-Sur-Mer (Medieval)Montrose (Medieval)MopsiumMopsusMorgantinaMosteneMothoneMotyaMRW (Marw) (Islamic)Multān (Islamic)Murādābād (Islamic)Murshidābād (Islamic)Muwiyŏng - 武衛營 - 무위영 (Korean)MycalessusMykonosMylasaMyndusMyraMyriandrusMyrinaMyrinaMyrinaMyrlea (Apameia)MytileneMytistratusMyusNabataean Royal mintNabrisaNacoleiaNaconaNacrasaNādirābād (Islamic)Nagasaki 長崎 (Japanese)Nagato 長門 (Japanese)NagidusNahr Tīrā (Islamic)Nakanoshima in Kii (Japanese)Nakhjawān (Islamic)NakurNanba 難波 (Japanese)Nandana (Islamic)Naṣībīn? (Islamic)NatuniaNaucratisNaulochusNawbandjān (Islamic)Nawkat Ālāq (Islamic)NaxosNaxusNaysābūr (Islamic)NeandriaNeapolisNeapolisNeapolisNeapolisNeapolisNeapolis ad HarpasumNeapolis MyndiorumNemaususNeocaesareiaNeoclaudiopolisNeonNeonteichosNeopolis (Naxos)NeretumNeronkenNertobisNesusNeuchâtel (Modern)Nevers (Medieval)Newcastle (Medieval)NicaeaNicaea CilbianonNicephoriumNicomedia (Byzantine)NicomediaNicopolisNicopolisNicopolisNicopolis ad IstrumNicopolis ad LycumNicopolis ad Nestum (Roman Provincial)NicosiaNihāwand (Islamic)Nikkō 日光 (Japanese)Nīmrūz (Islamic)NinevehNinica (Greek)Nisa MithradatkartNīshāpūr (Islamic)Niṣībīn (Islamic)NisibisNisyrosNolaNorth Africa (Islamic)Northern Provinces (Bắc (North), 北) (Vietnamese)Novar (Ottoman)NowabardaNowarNuceriaNuceria AlfaternaNūḥāwand (Islamic)NymphaeumNysaNysa-ScythopolisObaObulcoOcocleiaOdessusOdomantiOdrysaeOeaOeantheiaOeniadaeOenoandaOenoeOetaOilaunikosOkalakomOkayama 岡山 (Japanese)OlbaOlbasaOlbiaOlbiaOlkairunOlonteOlontigiOlophyxusOlusOlympeOlympiaOlympusOlynthusOnagigawa 小名木川 (Japanese)OnobaOntikesOnubaOphryniumOpousOqurOrchomenusOrchomenusOreOricusOrionOrippoOrléans (Medieval)OropusOrosiOrresciiOrthagoreiaOrthagoreiaOrtheOrthosiaOrthosia CariaeOsaka (Korean)Osaka 大阪 (Japanese)OscaOshiage 押上 (Japanese)OskumkenOsonubaOssetOsturOtobeskenOtrusOxfordŎyŏngch’ŏng - 御營廳 - 어영청 (Korean)P’yŏng’an Kamyŏng - 平安監營 - 평안감영 (Korean)PaestumPagaePalace (Medieval)PalaeobeudosPalaeopolisPalaerusPalePallantiumPalmyraPaltusPanāhābād (Islamic)PandosiaPandosiaPanemoteichosPanormusPanticapaeumPaphosPappa TiberiopolisParis (Medieval)PariumParlaisParopusParoreia (?)ParosParrhasiaPashāwar (Islamic)PataraPatraePautaliaPavia (Medieval)PednelissusPeiraeeusPeirasiaePeithesaPelagiaPelinnaPellaPellaPellenePeltaePemba (Islamic)Pemba (Islamic)PeparethusPergamumPergePerinthusPeripoliumPerperenePerpignan (Medieval)PerrhaebiPersiaPerth (Medieval)Perugia (Modern)PessinusPeteliaPetraPetraPetthaliPeumataPhaciumPhaestusPhalannaPhalasarnaPhaloriaPhangoriaPharaePharcadonPharnaceiaPharosPharsalusPhaselisPhellusPheneusPheraePhigaleiaPhiladelpheiaPhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPhiladelphia (Byzantine)PhiladelphiaPhilippiPhilippopolis (Roman Provincial)Philisto-Arabian issuesPhilomeliumPhisteliaPhliusPhocaeaPhoenicePholegandrosPhygelaPhytiaPhytiaPiacusPibyŏnsa - 備邊司 - 비변사 (Korean)PimolisaPinaraPioniaPisaPitanePlaciaPlarasaPlataeaPlotinopolis (Roman Provincial)PodaliaPoemanenumPoglaPolichnaPolyrheniumPompeiopolisPontoise (Medieval)PopuloniaPordosilenePoseidiumPoseidoniaPotidaeaPraesusPriansosPriapusPrieneProconnesusProernaPronnoiPropontisProstannaProvinces bordering Yunnan (Thượng (upper), 上) (Vietnamese)Prusa ad OlympumPrusias ad HypiumPrusias ad MarePrymnessusPseudo-Damascus (Islamic)PsophisPtolemaisPtolemaisPtolemais-AkePunicPurshwar (Peshāwar) (Islamic)PydnaPylusPyŏngjo - 兵曹 - 병조 (Korean)PyranthusPyrrhaPyxusQal‘at Alinja (Islamic)Qal‘at Ja‘bar (Islamic)Qandahār (Islamic)QaratovaQasṭamūnīya (Islamic)Qays (Islamic)Qayṣarīya (Islamic)Qazwīn (Islamic)Qinnasrīn (Islamic)Qiriq-Yer (Islamic)Qirshahr (Islamic)Qiyuan 桼垣 (city) (China)Qrīm (Islamic)QuentovicQūmis (Islamic)Qumm (Islamic)Qunduz (Islamic)Qūnīya (Islamic)QutshaniaRa's al-'Ayn (Islamic)Ra‘nāsh (Islamic)Rabbath-MobaRāmhurmuz (Islamic)RaphaneaRaphiaRash (Islamic)Rasht (Islamic)RavennaRayy (Islamic)Reading (Medieval)Renfrew (Medieval)Rennes (Medieval)RhaucusRhegiumRheims (Medieval)RhesaenaRhithymnaRhizonRhizosRhodaRhode (Greek)RhodesRhodiapolisRhoeteiumRhosusRibe, JutlandRikāb (Islamic)Rodez (Medieval)RomeRomeRomula (Roman Provincial)RoturkonRouen (Medieval)Roxburgh (Medieval)RubiRuhaRusadirRuscinoRusicadeṢa‘da (Islamic)Sā’ūjbulāgh (Islamic)Ṣabra (Islamic)SabrathaSābūr (Islamic)Sābūr Khwāst (Islamic)Sabzawār (Islamic)SaciliSaetabisṢaffūrīya (Islamic)SagalassusSaguntumSaguntumSaint-Denis (Medieval)SaittaSakamoto 坂本 (Japanese)Sakçe (Islamic)SalaSalaSalaciaSalamisSalamisSalapiaSalpesaSaltuieSalvianaSamalaSamariaSamarqand (Islamic)SameSamosSamosataSamothraceSāmsūn (Islamic)Ṣan‘ā (Islamic)SanausSarakhs (Islamic)Sarāy (Islamic)Sarāy al-Jadīda (Islamic)Sarāy al-Maḥrūsa (Islamic)SarbanissaSardisSārī (Islamic)SariyaSārīya (Islamic)Sarmīn (Islamic)SarnoaSārūs (Islamic)Sasŏmsŏ - 司贍署 - 사섬서 (Korean)Satsuma? 薩摩 (Japanese)SavatraSāwah (Islamic)ScamandriaScarpheiaScepsisSciathusScioneScodraScotussaScylletiumScyrosSearoSebasteSebaste (Roman Provincial)SebasteSebasteiaSebastopolis (Heracleopolis)Sebastopolis CariaeSecaisa (Greek)SegedaSegestaSegia (Greek)SegisaSegobrigaSekiaSekisanosSekotias LakasSeleuceia ad CalycadnumSeleuceia ad PyramumSeleuceia ad TaurumSeleuceia ad TigrimSeleuceia PieriaSeleuceia SideraSelgeSelinusSelinus CiliciaeSelonkenSelymbriaSendai 仙台 (Japanese)Sendashinden 千田新田 (Japanese)Senlis (Medieval)Sens (Medieval)SepphorisSerdaioiSerdica (Roman Provincial)Serez (Ottoman)SergentiumSeriphosSermyliaSesamusSesarsSestosSeteiskenSexsiShabānkārah (Islamic)Shāhjahānābād (Delhi) (Islamic)Shahristān (Islamic)Shaqq al-Taymara (Islamic)Shaykh Abū Isḥāq (Islamic)Shaykh Kabīr (Islamic)Shaykh Murshid (Islamic)Shiba 芝 (Japanese)Shichijō in Kyoto 京都-七条 (Japanese)Shichijō 七条 (Japanese)Shimākhi (Islamic)Shīrāz (Islamic)Shūshtar (Islamic)SibidundaSibliaSiceliotaeSicily (Islamic)SicyonSideSidonSidymaSigaSigeumSigniaSigtuna (Medieval)Sijilmāsa? (Islamic)Sijistān (Islamic)SikinosSilandusSileraeSillyumSimnān (Islamic)SimyraSind (Islamic)SindeSingaraSinjār (Islamic)SinopeSīnūb (Islamic)Sīnūb (Islamic)SiocharaxSiphnosṢiqillīya (Islamic)Sīrāf (Islamic)SirisSīrjān (Islamic)SirpensSis (Islamic)SisapoSīwās (Islamic)SK (Sīstān/Sijistān) (Islamic)SMSSmyrnaSoliSoli (Pompeiopolis)SolusSơn Nam province (Sơn Nam, 南山) (Vietnamese)Sơn Nam province (Sơn, 山) (Vietnamese)Sơn Tây Province (Sơn Tây, 西山) (Vietnamese)Sŏnhyech’ŏng - 宣惠廳 - 선혜청 (Korean)Southwark (Modern)SpartolusST (Iṣṭakhr) (Islamic)St. Andrews (Medieval)StageiraStectoriumStielaStirlingStobiStrasbourg (Medieval)StratoniceiaStratoniceia-HadrianopolisStratusStub for the ancient site of Asea (Achaean League) in Arcadia.SturniumStymphalusSuessa AuruncaSulduz? (Islamic)Sulṭānīya (Islamic)Suŏch’ŏng - 守禦廳 - 수어청 (Korean)Sūq al-Ahwaz (Islamic)Sūq al-Ahwāz (Islamic)Sūq min al-AḥwāzṢūr (Islamic)Surra man Rā'ā (Islamic)Surraq (Islamic)Suruga 駿河 (Japanese)SusaSuthulSuwŏn Kwalliyŏng - 水原管理營 - 수원관리영 (Korean)SyangelaSybarisSybritaSyedraSymeSynausSynnadaSyracuseSyrosT’ongwiyŏng - 統衛營 - 통위영 (Korean)T’ongyŏng - 統營 - 통영 (Korean)Ta‘izz (Islamic)Tā’ūs (Islamic)TabaeTabalaTabaniuṬabaristān (Islamic)Ṭabarīya (Islamic)Ṭabariyya (Islamic)Ṭabariyya? (Islamic)Tabrīz (Islamic)TagilitTakada 高田 (Japanese)Tāliqān (Islamic)TamaniuTamusidaTamusiensTanagraṬanja (Islamic)TanusTarablusṬarāblus (Islamic)TarasTarraTarracoṬarsūs (Islamic)TarsusTārum (Islamic)Tāshkand (Islamic)Tatta (Islamic)TaularaTauromeniumTaviumTaxilaTeanum SidicinumTeateTegeaTeitiakosTelmessusTelmessusTelosTemenothyraeTemesaTemnusTeneaTenedosTenestiniTenosTeosTerinaTerkakomTermeraTermessusTermessus MinorTeroneTeucheiraTeuthisTeuthraniaTha‘bāt (Islamic)ThabracaThaenaThagoraThái Nguyên Province (Thái Nguyen, 元太 in seal script) (Vietnamese)Thái Nguyên Province (Thái, 太) (Vietnamese)ThaliadaeThanh Hoa Province (Dai (great), 大) (Vietnamese)ThapsusThasosThe MagnetesThebaeThebeThebesTheisoaThelpusaThemisoniumTheodosiaTheraThermaThermae HimerensesThespiaeThessalian LeagueThessalonicaThessalonike (Byzantine)Thraco MacedonianThroniumThuriaThuriumThyateiraThyessusThymbraThyrrheiumThysdrusTiberiasTiberiopolis (Roman Provincial)Tiflīs (Islamic)Tiflīs (Islamic)TigranocertaṬihrān (Islamic)Timaea (?)TimbriadaTimiciTimolaeumTingisTipasaTireTirmidh (Islamic)TirsosTirynsTisnaTitacazusTitiakosTitiopolis (Roman Provincial)TitumTityassusTiumTlosTmolus AureliopolisToletumTomarisTomisTopirus (Roman Provincial)Torigoe 鳥越 (Japanese)Toulouse (Medieval)Tours (Medieval)Tower (Modern)TPWRSTAN (Ṭabaristān) (Islamic)Traducta (Roman Provincial)TragilusTrajanopolis (Roman Provincial)Trajanopolis (Roman Provincial)TrallesTrapezopolisTrapezusTrebennaTrebizond (Byzantine)TriccaTrierusTripolisTripolis ad MaeandrumTroezenTshanitshaTucca (?)TuderTūn (Islamic)TunizaTūqāt (Islamic)TuriasoTurirecinaṬūs (Islamic)Tustar (Islamic)Tustar min al-Ahwāz (Islamic)Tustar min al-AḥwāzTyanaTyberissosTylisusTymnessusTyndarisTyntenoiTyrasTyreTyrrheniUarakosUarkasUgiaUirouiasUliaUmibeshinden (Japanese)UnanbaateUncertain Aragonese mint (Medieval)uncertain Eastern mint (Greek)Uncertain English mint (Medieval)uncertain Etrurian mint (Greek)Uncertain Frisian mint (Medieval)uncertain Greek mint (Greek)uncertain Greek or Macedonian mint (Greek)uncertain Hispano-Punic mintuncertain Libyan mintUncertain location (Chinh, 正) (Vietnamese)uncertain Macedonian mint (Greek)uncertain mint (Greek)Uncertain Navarrese mint (Medieval)uncertain Pamphylian mint (Greek)uncertain Peloponnesian mint (Greek)uncertain Phoenician or Syrian mint (Greek)uncertain Sicilian mint (Greek)uncertain Siculo-Punic mintuncertain Western Asia Minor mint (Greek)Unidentified East Anglian mint (Medieval)Unidentified Kentish mint (Medieval)Unidentified mint along the upper ThamesUnidentified mint in East Kent (Medieval)Unidentified mint in eastern NorfolkUnidentified mint in Essex (Anglo-Saxon)Unidentified mint in Norfolk (Anglo-Saxon)Unidentified mint in the Canterbury areaUnidentified mint in the East MidlandsUnidentified mint in West NorfolkUnidentified mint north and south of the ThamesUnidentified mint south of the ThamesUnknown (Islamic)unknown (in al-Andalus) (Islamic)Unknown (North Africa) (Islamic)Unspecified Carolingian mint (Medieval)UntikeskenUranopolisUrdū (Islamic)Urdū Jadīda (Islamic)UrkeskenUrmīya (Urūmī) (Islamic)UrsoUsamusUsekerteUskubUticaUtrār (Islamic)Utrār (Islamic)UxentumŪzgānd (Islamic)Valencia (Medieval)ValentiaVeliaVenice (Medieval)VentipoVenusiaVerbeVesciVetuloniaVibo ValentiaVienne (Medieval)Viminacium (Roman Provincial)VolaterraeVolceiVolsiniiVolubilisVulciWālwālīz/Wārwālīz (Islamic)Wasit (Islamic)Wāsiṭ (Islamic)Western provinces (Tây (western), 西) (Vietnamese)WYHC (Arrajān) (Islamic)XanthusYanghyangch’ŏng - 粮餉廳 - 량향청 (Korean)Yāngī Shahr (Islamic)Yazd (Islamic)Yāzur (Islamic)Yi 易 (city) (China)Yokoōji (Japanese)YorkYork (Medieval)York (Modern)Yoshida 吉田 (Japanese)Yoshidajima 吉田島 (Japanese)Yuan 垣 (city) (China)Yubnā (Islamic)YZ (Yazd) (Islamic)Zabīd (Islamic)ZacynthusZagam (Islamic)ZancleZanjān (Islamic)ZankleZanzibar (Islamic)ZaraiZaranj (Islamic)ZauthaZaydān (Islamic)ZelaZeleiaZephyriumZeugmaZilisZoneZürich (Modern)ʿUmān\n‘abbāsī‘adlīya1 1/2 litra1 1/2 shekel1 1/2 unit1 1/3 litra1 1/4 litra1 bu1 chon1 Đồng (tiền gián)1 Đồng (一銅)1 fun1 mon1 mun1 quán (string) (一貫) (=60 Mạch or 600 Văn)1 rin1 ryō1 scudo1 sen1 shu1 Văn1 Văn (Thất (7) Phân (七分))1 warn1 won1 yen1/10 stater1/12 shekel1/16 obol1/16 shekel1/16 stater1/192 stater1/2 Bawbee1/2 chon1/2 gerah1/2 Giulio1/2 prutah1/2 riyāl1/2 Shāhī1/2 tenga1/2 toman1/2 won1/20 shekel1/20 stater1/24 shekel1/3 dirham1/3 Ducat1/3 Giulio1/3 Groat1/3 grosso1/3 obol1/3 riyal1/3 Ryal1/3 unit1/30 drachm1/32 stater1/4 drachm1/4 Ducat1/4 Giulio1/4 onkia1/4 riyal1/4 Shāhī1/4 shekel1/4 uncia1/4 unit1/4 yang1/40 shekel1/5 drachm1/5 stater1/6 dinar1/6 obol1/6 unit1/8 qirān1/8 riyal1/8 Shāhī1/8 shekel1/8 siglos1/96 stater10 as10 chon10 grani10 litra10 mun10 nummi10 sen10 Shāhī10 Shilling Piece10 stater10 unit10 Văn10 Văn10 yen100 litra100 mon100 mun100 yen1000 yen12 1/2 litra12 1/2 unit12 dirham12 litra12 nummi12 Pence Piece12 Shilling Piece120 Văn (2 Mạch (二陌))125 mon13 1/2 litra15 litra15 tari16 drachm16 litra16 Shilling Piece180 Văn (3 Mạch (三陌))2 1/2 drachm2 1/2 Ducat2 1/2 litra2 1/2 stater2 1/2 unit2 bu2 chon2 dinars2 dirham2 Merk2 mun2 prutot2 scudi2 sen2 Shāhī2 Shilling Piece2 shu2 tari2/3 Ducat2/3 paolo2/3 Ryal20 chon20 drachm20 litra20 nummi20 Pence Piece20 Pound Piece20 scudi20 sen20 Shāhī20 Shilling Piece20 stater20 unit20 Văn21 nummi22 shilling piece24 litra25 litra3 chon3 Pound Piece3 scudi3 Shilling Piece3 unit3/8 shekel30 litra30 Pence Piece30 Shilling Piece30 tari30 Văn32 litra4 fulus4 litra4 Merk4 mon4 nummi4 Pound piece4 tari40 drachm40 Pence Piece40 Shilling piece40 Văn44 shilling piece480 Văn (8 Mạch (八陌))5 chon5 drachm5 fun5 litra5 mun5 Pound piece5 Rappen5 sen5 Shāhī5 shekel5 Shilling Piece5 unit5 yen5-nummi50 litra50 sen50 Shilling piece50 Văn50 yen540 Văn (9 Mạch (九陌))6 dirham6 litra6 onkia6 Pound piece6 Shāhī6 Shilling Piece6 unit6 Văn60 litra60 Shilling Piece60 Văn (1 Mạch (一陌))7 tiền (七 錢)7 unit8 fulus8 litra8 prutot8 Văn80 drachm9 obol9 tariAE Half-unitAE UnitAkçeAksumite copper denominationAksumite gold denominationAksumite gold denomination eighth unitAksumite gold denomination half unitAksumite gold denomination quarter unitAksumite silver denominationAksumite silver-gilt denominationaltmishlik (60 para)Amirs of FarwānangelArrowheadAsashrafīAspronaspron trachy nomisma (billon)aspron trachy nomisma (electrum)AureusbaioccoBalance Half MerkBalance Quarter MerkbanliangBatzenBawbeebeşlikbiancoBillon trachybīstī=20 dinarsBiunxBritain CrownCarlinoCentenionalisChalkousCinquiniaCistophorusCopper denominationCoronation tramCroeseidCrownCrown of the double-rosedammadāngīdaniqDaricDecadrachmDekonkiondemydenariusDichalkonDidrachmDileptonDinarDiobolDirhamDistaterdoblerDodekadrachmDollarDolphindouble carlinoDouble CrownDouble daricdouble dinarDouble florinDouble GiulioDouble grossodouble rupeedouble shahDouble shekelDouble siglosDouble tramDouble unitDouble victoriateDouble-litraDrachmDrachm (Indian Standard)DucatDupondiusEighth dollarEighth hecteEighth Thistle MerkEightpenny GroatElectrum trachyFalsFarthingfarthingFlorinFollisFourpennyFractionfractional dirhamgabellaGeorge-nobleGerahGiulioGranoGroatGrossoGrossonehalf ‘abbāsīhalf abaziHalf croeseidHalf darichalf demyhalf dinarhalf dirhamHalf dollarHalf LionHalf MerkHalf Pistolehalf plackhalf poundHalf poundhalf qirānhalf realhalf riderhalf rupeeHalf RyalHalf senHalf shekelhalf tankaHalf TestoonHalf Thistle MerkHalf TramHalf UnicornHalf unitHalf UnitHalf-angelHalf-groatHalf-laurelHalf-litraHalf-sovereignHalf-staterHalf-uniteHalfcrownHalfgroatHalfpennyHalfpennyHekteHemichalkonHemidrachmHemihekteHemiobolHemionkionHemisiglosHemitetarteHemitetartemorionHexadrachmHexashistamenonhyperpyronischal (10 kopeck)jītalKardezKebeki dinarKollyboskopeckkyrmis (5 kopeck)Leptonliang ziLionLion NobleLitraliu huaMangırMerkmiliaresionMnaieonmohurNasrinīmshāhī=25 dinarsNobleNummusobolObolOctadrachmOctobolone eighth tankaone quarter rupeeone quarter tankaone sixth rupeeone third dinarone-eighth rupeeone-sixteenth rupeeone-third rupeeone-third tankaOnkiaonluck (10 para)paraParisPashīzPennyPennyPentachalkonPentadrachmPentekontedrachmPentobolPentonkionpiastre (40 para)Picciolopiedfortpilgrimage tokenPistolePlackPoundPrutahpulqāz=5 dinarsqāzbagī=10 dinarsqirānqirānQuadransQuadrunxquadruple dinarquadruple dinarquarter croatQuarter dinarquarter dirhamQuarter dollarQuarter hecteQuarter Merkquarter riderquarter rupeeQuarter siglosQuarter Thistle MerkQuarter-angelQuarter-laurelQuattrinoQuinariusQuincussisrealriderriyālriyalrupeeRyalsanzhuSceatscudoSemissemissisSemunciaSestertiusSesunciaSextansShāhīShekelShillingsi huaSiglosSiglossiliquaSixpenceSixteenth dollarSolidussolidusSovereignStaterSultaniTankTankaTaritengaTerunciusTestoonTetarteTetartemoriontetarteronTetrachalkonTetradrachmTetradrachmTetradrachm (Indian Standard)TetrasTetrobolThirtiethThistle CrownThistle MerkThistle NobleThree-farthingThree-halfpenceThreepenceThrymsaThuluthtomanTramTremissisTressisTriasTrichalkonTrichrysonTridrachmTriensTrihemidrachmTrihemiobolTrihemitetartemorionTriobolTriple shekelTriple siglosTritartemorionTriteTurnerTwelvepenny groattwo thirds miliaresiontwo-thirds tankaTwopenceTwopenny PlackUnciaunicornUnicornUnitUnituniteVictoriatuswuzhuyi huayirmilik (20 para)Zecchino\nAksumite coin of the early Christian period (mid fourth to mid sixth c.)Aksumite coin of the later Christian period (mid sixth to early seventh c.)Aksumite coin of the pre-Christian period (late third to mid fourth c.)Anglo-Saxon gold thrymsaAnglo-Saxon silver sceatArmenian copper coinArmenian copper coinByzantine gold coin of the Dark AgesCarolingian goldCarolingian KAROLVS monogram / 'Melle' mintCarolingian penny or fractionCoin of the Byzantine Empire at TrebizondCoin of the Kingdom of GeorgiaCounterfeitEarly Byzantine copper coinEarly Byzantine gold coinEarly Byzantine silver coinEarly Medieval gold coinEdwardian silver farthingEdwardian silver halfpennyEdwardian silver pennyEnglish Edwardian coinageEnglish Edwardian silver coinEnglish gold coinEnglish long cross coinageEnglish short cross coinageEnglish silver coinFrench silver coinGraeco-Bactrian and Indo-GreekHiberno-Norse coinIberian silver coinIndo-ParthianIndo-ScythianIrish civil war, gunmoney and pewter coinage, 1689-1691Knights of St. John Hospitaller coinKushanMerovingian gold tremissisMerovingian tremissisMiddle Byzantine coinMughalOstrogothic coinOstrogothic copperPapal issueScottish gold coinScottish short cross coinageScottish silver coinSterling imittionSwiss coinVandal copperVandalic silver coin\nPELLAMIR2002 - Standard Catalogue of British Coins: Coins of Scotland Ireland and the IslandsAlfred Bellinger - 1966 - Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection. Volume One Anastasius I to Maurice 491-602Allen G. Berman - 1991 - Papal CoinsAnderson, J. - 1739 - Selectus Diplomatum et Numismatum Scotiae ThesaurusCochran-Patrick, R. W. - 1875 - Unpublished and rare varieties of Scottish coinsCodrington, H. W. - 1914 - Coins of Some Kings of HormuzCüneyt Ölçer - 1984 - Avrupa Müzelerinde Nadir Osmanı Madeni Paraları - Rare Ottoman Coins at European MuseumsDuplessy, Jean - 1989 - Les monnaies francaises royales de Hugues Capet a Louis XVIEhlert, Rolf - 2013 - Umlaufgeld im Osmanischen Reich. Von den Anfängen bis Selim IEvans, J. - 1886 - A hoard of English gold coins found at Park Street, near St. AlbansH.B.E. Fox and J.Shirley Fox - Numismatic History of the Reigns of Edward I, II and IIIHildebrand, Bror Emil - 1881 - Anglosachsiska mynt i Svenska kongliga myntkabinettet funna i Sveriges jordJ. Dirks - 1870 - Les Anglo-Saxons et leurs petits deniers dits sceattasJ. Duplessy - 1999 - Les monnaies francaises royales. De Hugues Capet a Louis XIV (987-1793), 2e edition, tome 1 (Hugues Capet-Louis XII)J.J.North - 1989 - Edwardian English Silver Coins 1279-1351Jeffrey North - 1994 - English Hammered CoinageJeffrey North - 1991 - English Hammered Coinage vol.. 2Jonsson, Kenneth - 1986 - Viking-Age Hoards and Late Anglo-Saxon CoinsKabaklarlı, Necdet - 1998 - Mangır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Bakır Paraları. Copper coins of Ottoman EmpireL. Lazzarini - 1983 - L'inizio della monetazione di Asso e una nuova ipotesi su Aioleis (Troade)Lafaurie, Jean - 1951 - Les monnaies des rois de France.Lavoix - Bibliotheque nationaleM. Hendy - 1969 - Coinage and Money in the Byzantine Empire 1081-1261M.F. Hendy - 1999 - Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection. Volume Four Alexius I to Michael VIII 1081-1261M.J. Morehart - 1985 - 'Female Centaur or Sphinx? 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Naismith - 2011 - Money and Power in Anglo-Saxon England: The Southern English Kingdoms, 757-865Serafini, Camillo - 1910 - Le Monete e le Bolle Plumbee Pontificie del Medagliere VaticanoSpoerri Butcher, Marguerite. and Casoli, Andrea - 2012 - Un trésor d'antoniniens trouvé a Érétrie (Eubée) en 2011 : Questions de circulation monétaire en Grèce au IIIe siècle ap. J.-C.Stevenson, R. B. K. - 1959 - The 'Stirling' Turners of Charles I, 1632–9Stewart, B. H. I. H. - 1959 - The Glenluce hoard, 1956Stewart, I. - 1967 - The Scottish CoinageStewart, I. - 1958 - Unpublished Scottish Coins: IIITimmins, P. - 2020 - Gunmoney: The emergency coinage of 1689–1691 for the Irish campaign of James IIV.E. Stefanaki - 2008 - The coinage of Telos in the late Classical and early Hellenistic periodsW. H. Valentine - 1911 - Modern Copper Coins of the Muhammadan StatesW. Hahn and M.A. Metlich - 2013 - Money of the Incipient Byzantine Empire. Anastasius I-Justinian I 491-565W. 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