A new species of the fossil murine rodent from the Pinza-Abu Cave, the Miyako Island of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan-香川大学学術情報リポジトリ\n(1)群馬県立自然史博物館研究報告（13 ） ：15 －28,2009. 15. Bu l l . Gun maMu s . Na t u. Hi s t （1 .3 ） ：15 －28,2009 軸宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍雫. Ori gi nalArt i cl e 軸宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍宍雫. An e ws p e c i e so ft h ef o s s i lmu r i n er o d e n t f r o mt h ePi n z a Ab uCa v e ,t h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n 1 2 3 KAWAGUCHISa t o s h i ,KANEKO Yu k i b u mi a n dHASEGAWA Yo s h i k a z u. 1. 9 9 4 6 ,Ka mo s h o ,S a n u k i s h i ,Ka g a waPr e f e c t u r e ,7 6 9 2 1 0 2 ,J a p a n 5 0 2 4 ,T a k a y a c h o ,S a k a i d e s h i ,Ka g a waPr e f e c t u r e ,7 6 2 0 0 1 7 ,J a p a n 3 Gu n maMu s e u mo fNa t u r a lHi s o t r y :1 6 7 4 1 ,Ka mi k u r o i wa , T o mi o k a s h i ,Gu n maPr e f e c t u r e ,3 7 0 2 3 4 5 ,J a p a n 2. Abst r act ： An e ws p e c i e so ft h ef o s s i lmu r i n er o d e n to ft h eg e n u sRa t t u si sd e s c r i b e db yc omp a r i n g wi t ht h el i v i n ge n d e mi cs p e c i e so fDi p l o t h r i xl e g a t ao nt h ei s l a n d so fOk i n a waa n dAma mi o s h i ma .Th e mu r i n ef o s s i ls p e c i me n sa g e da st h el a t e rp a r to fPl e i s t o c e n ewe r ee x c a v a t e df r om t h ePi n z a Av ec a v e , t h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a ni n1 9 8 3 . KeyWords ： Mu r i n a e ,Ra t t u s mi y a k o e n s i s ,Mi y a k oa n c i e n tr a t ,Di p l o t h r i xl e g a t a,Pi n z a Ab u , l i me s t o n ec a v ed e p o s i t s ,Mi y a k oI s l a n d ,t h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,l a t ePl e i s t o c e n e. I nt r oduct i on Fr o mt h ePi n z a Ab uCa v e ,t h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h eRy u k y u Ar c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n ,al a r g en umb e ro fmu r i n er o d e n t so ff o s s i l ma x i l l a e ,ma n d i b l e s ,i n c i s o r s ,h ume r i ,u l n a e ,p e l v e s ,f e mu r s , a n dt i b i a s ,a swe l la so n ec r o wna r e ab e t we e np a r i e t a lr i d g e s a n do n ei n c omp l e t en a s a l sa n dp r e ma x i l l a ewi t hi n c i s o r swe r e e x c a v a t e di n1 9 8 0 8 4 （Ha s e g a wa ,1 9 8 5）.Th ed e p o s i t si nt h e c a v ewe r ee s t i ma t e da s2 5 , 8 0 0± 9 0 0 y .B.P .a n d2 6 , 8 0 0± t h o （ dHa ma d a ,1 9 8 5）o rt h ef o s s i l 1 , 3 0 0 y .B. P .b yt h e14C me d e e ro fCa p r e o l u smi y a k o e n s i sh a v eb e e nf o r me di nt h el a t e r p a r to fPl e i s t o c e n eb yt h eFc o n t e n t （Ma s t s u u r a ,1 9 8 5） .Ho w,t h e s emu r i n ef o s s i l sh a v eb e e ni d e n t i f i e dp r o v i s i o n a l l ya s e v e r Di p l o t h r i xc f .l e g a t a （Ha s e g a wa ,1 9 8 5 a ） . Th ep u r p o s eo ft h i sp a p e ri st or e e x a mi n et h ef o s s i lmu r i n e s pe c i me nsr e c ove r e df r om t hePi nz a AbuCa ve ,t heMi ya koI s l a nd （Ha s e ga wa ,1985a ）,a ndt ode s c r i beane ws pe c i e sbyc ompa r i ng wi t hDi pl ot hr i xl e gat a,whi c hi sal a r gel i vi nge nde mi cmur i dr ode nt o c c u r r i n go nt h ei s l a n d so fAma mi o s h i ma ,To k u n o s h i maa n d Ok i n a wa ,t h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n （Mu s s e ra n dCa r l e t o n , 2 0 0 5 ;Ka n e k o ,2 0 0 8） .. Mat er i al sandMet hods Thef os s i ls pe c i me nse xa mi ne di nt hi ss t udywe r e60ofi s ol a t e d i n c omp l e t ema x i l l a ewi t hmo l a rt e e t h ,1 2o fi s o l a t e di n c omp l e t e ma xi l l a ewi t houtmol a rt e e t h,60ofi s ol a t e di nc ompl e t ema ndi bl e s wi t hmo l a rt e e t h ,2 2o fi s o l a t e di n c omp l e t ema n d i b l e swi t h o u t mol a rt e e t h,onei nc ompl e t ena s a l sa ndpr e ma xi l l a ewi t hi nc i s or s , a ndonei nc ompl e t ec r ownpa r toft hes kul lc ompos e dofi nc ompl e t e p a r i e t a l ,f r o n t a la n di n t e r p a r i e t a lb o n e s .Th e s es p e c i me n swe r e c o l l e c t e df r om t h ePi n z a Av eCa v e ,t h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h e Ry u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n ,i n1 9 8 0 8 4 （Ha s e g a wa ,1 9 8 5 a ）a n d we r eh o u s e di nt h eOk i n a waPr e f e c t u r eMu s e u m & Ar tMu s e u m （s e eAp p e n d i x）. 受付：2 0 0 9 年2 月3 日，受理：2 0 0 9 年3 月1 4 日. Sp e c i me n so fl i v i n gs p e c i e sf o rc omp a r i s o n swe r ea sf o l l o ws . Te ns kul l soft hel i vi ngDi pl ot hr i xl e gat a:s e ve ns kul l swe r ec ol l e c t e d f r om t heAma mi os hi maI s l a nd;a ndt hr e es kul l sf r om t heOki na wa I s l a n d .Th e s es k u l l so fDi p l o t h r i xl e g a t awe r eh o u s e di nt h eNa t i o n a lSc i e n c eMu s e u m,To k y o （NSMT）,a n dt h eOk i n a waPr e f e c t u r e Mu s e um & Ar tMu s e u m （OPM） （s e e Ap p e n d i x）. Th e h o l o t y p e so fLe n o t h r i xl e g a t a （BM 5 . 1 1 . 3 . 4 2 :Th oma s ,1 9 0 6） a n d Mu sb o we r s i iv a r .o k i n a v e n s i （N s SMTM3 4 3 2 5 :Na mi e , 1 9 0 9）we r ee x a mi n e di nt h e Na t u r a lHi s t o r y ,Lo n d o n ,UK s e u m, To k y o ,J a p a n （BM）a n dt h e Na t i o n a l Sc i e n c e Mu （NSMT）r e s p e c t i v e l y . We f o l l o we d Mu s s e ra n d Ca r l e t o n （2 0 0 5）wh oc u r r e n t l yl i s t e dMu sb o we r s i iv a r .o k i n a v e n s i sa sa s ynonym ofDi pl ot hr i xl agat a.Ayoungs kul lofBandi c ot ai ndi c a l i v i n gi n Ta i wa ni st h eHa s e g a wa ’sp r i v a t ec o l l e c t i o n ,a n d s k u l l so fRa t t u sr a t t u sa n dR.n o r v e g i c u sc o l l e c t e df r o mJ a p a n a r et h eKa wa g u c h i ’ sp r i v a t ec o l l e c t i o n ,r e s p e c t i v e l y .Ac r o n yms u s e di nt h es t u d ya r e OPMFV （f o s s i lv e r t e b r a t es p e c i me n s h o u s e di nt h eOk i n a waPr e f e c t u r eMu s e u m & Ar tMu s e u m） a ndNSMTM （ma mma ls pe c i me nshous e di nt heNa t i ona lSc i e nc e Mu s e um,To k y o） . De n t a lt e r mi n o l o g ya d o p t e di nt h i ss t u d yi sd i a g r a me di nFi g . 1 ,f o l l o wi n gb yJ a c o b （1 s9 7 8 ） .I nd e s c r i b i n gt h ec h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o fmo l a rmo r p h o l o g ywen o t e dt h et e r mi n o l o g yt a k e nb yMu s s e r （1981）.Theuppe rmol a r swe r ea bbr e vi a t e da sM,t hel owe rmol a r s we r em,a n dt h e1 s t ,2 n d ,a n d3 r dmo l a r swe r ewr i t t e na sM1o r m1 ,a n ds oo n . Fo l l o wi n g1 5d i me n s i o n swe r eme a s u r e da si l l u s t r a t e di n Fi g . 2 :l e n g t ho ft h eu p p e rf i r s tmo l a （L r M1 ） ,l e n g t ho ft h eu p p e r s e c o n dmo l a （L r M2 ） ,l e n g t ho ft h eu p p e rt h i r dmo l a （L r M3 ） , ） ,wi d t ho ft h eu p p e rs e c o n d wi d t ho ft h eu p p e rf i r s tmo l a （WM1 r ）,wi d t ho ft h eu p p e rt h i r dmo l a （WM3 r ）;d i s t a n c e mo l a （WM2 r be t we e nt hepos t e r i ore dgeoft hea t t a c hme nta r e aoft hes upe r f i c i a l ma s t i c a t o r ymu s c l ea n dt h ea n t e r i o rma r g i no fa l v e o l io ft h e f i r s tu p p e rmo l a ro nt h ema x i l l a （ eASMM1 ） ;t o t a ll e n g t ho ft h e u p p e rmo l a r s （TLUM） ;l e n g t ho ft h el o we rf i r s tmo l a （L r m1 ） ,.\n(2) 16. KAWAGUCHISa t os hi ,KANEKO Yu k i b u mia n dHASEGAWA Yo s h i k a z u. l e n g t ho ft h el o we rs e c o n dmo l a （L r m2 ）,l e n g t ho ft h el o we r 1） ,wi d t h t h i r dmo l a （L r m3 ）,wi d t ho ft h el o we rf i r s tmo l a （Wm r oft hel owe rs e c ondmol a （Wm r 2）,wi dt hoft hel owe rt hi r dmol a r （Wm3 ）;a n dt o t a ll e n g t ho ft h el o we rmo l a r （T s LLm）.Th e s e me a s u r e me n t swe r er e a dt ot h en e a r e s t0 . 0 1mi l l i me t e rwi t ha. Fi gure 1 Oc c l us a lvi e wsoft her i ghtma xi l l a r ymo l a rr o w （A）a ndt her i ghtma ndi bul a rmo l a rr ow（B）f r o mt hef o s s i l Rat t usmi y ak oe ns i si l l us t r a t i ngs t r uc t ur a lt e r ms .Te r mi no l o g y f ormo l a r swa sf ol l owe dbyJ a c obs （1978 ） .. d i a lc a l i p e （t rh emi n i mu ma c c u r a c y=0 . 0 5mm）. Numb e ro fr o o t so fe a c hmo l a rwa sg i v e nb yt h eo b s e r v a t i o n o ft h ea l v e o l i .Th et e r mi n o l o g yo ft h ea l v e o l iwa sf o l l o we db y Mu s s e ra n dHo l d e n （1 9 9 1） . St a t i s t i c a lt e s t swe r ep e r f o r me df o l l o wi n gSo k a la n dRo h l f （1973）.Thea na l ys i sofva r i a nc eoft heme a nsof15me a s ur e me nt s s h o wst h a tt h e r ea r en od i f f e r e n c e sb e t we e nt h eme a s u r e me n t s b e t we e nt h er i g h ta n dl e f ts i d e si nt h el i v i n gDi p l o t h r i xl e g a t a. Th u s ,me a s u r e me n t so nt h er i g h ts i d eo ft h eu p p e ra n dl o we r. Fi gure 2 Oc c l u s a lv i e wso fr i g h tma x i l l a（A）a n dr i ght ma x i l l a r ymo l a rr o w（B）o ft h ef o s s i lRa t t u smi y a k oe ns i s s h o wi n gl i mi t so f1 5me a s u r e me n t s .. Fi gure 3 Oc c l us a lvi e wsoft her i ghtma xi l l aoft h ef o s s i lRa t t u smi y a k o e n s i s （A,t h eh o l o t y p e ,OPMFV0 1 2 5 9 ）a ndt h el i vi ng Di pl ot hr i xl e gat af r o m Oki na wa （B,OPM-nonu mb e r ）.Ah o r i z o n t a ll i n ei n d i c a t e st h ep o s i t i o no ft h ea n t e r i o rp o i n to ft h ef i r s t uppe rmo l a r ,whe r et hemo l a rr oote nt e r si nt ot hea l v e o l a rc a n a l ..\n(3) Ane wf os s i lmu r i ner ode ntf r o mt h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n. Fi gure 4 Dor s a l （A -B）a ndl a t e r a l （C-D）vi e wsoft hef os s i lRat t usmi y ak oe ns i s （A a ndC）a ndt hel i vi ngDi pl ot hr i xl e gat a. （Ba ndD）.Aa ndC:OPMFV02904a ndOPMFV02906,Ba ndD:OPMnonumbe r .I nc ,t hel e f ts i deoft hei nc i s e ri somi t t e d.. 17.\n(4) 18. KAWAGUCHISa t os hi ,KANEKO Yu k i b u mia n dHASEGAWA Yo s h i k a z u. mo l a r sa r eu s e di nD.l a g a t ai nf u r t h e ra n a l y s i s .I nt h ef o s s i l n e ws p e c i e sd e s c r i b e db e l o w,me a s u r e me n t so nt h el e f ta n d r i g h ts i d e sa r ep o o l e d .. Resul t s Ta x o nomi cde s c r i pt i o n: Fa mi l yMu r i d a e Su b f a mi l yMu r i n a e Ra t t usmi y a k o e ns i ss p .n o v （P .l a t e1 ） ［J a p a n e s en a me ：Mi y a k oMu k a s h iNe z umi ,n e w］ ［En g l i s hn a me :Mi y a k oAn c i e n tRa t ,n e w］ Ho l o t y pe :OPMFV0 1 2 5 9 ,t h er i g h tma x i l l awi t ht h ef i r s t , s e c o n da n dt h i r dmo l a r sr e c o v e r e df r om ad e p o s i ti nt h ePi n z a Ab uCa v e （2 4 ° 4 4′ 5 0 ″N,1 2 5 ° 2 0′ 0 8 ″E） ,Ue n oVi l l a g e ,Mi y a k o Count y （Mi ya koI s l a nd）,Oki na waPr e f e c t ur ei n1983byYos hi ka z u Ha s e g a wa ,o n eo ft h ep r e s e n ta u t h o r s .Th eh o l o t y p ei sd e p o s i t e d i nt h eOk i n a waPr e f e c t u r eMu s e u m & Ar tMu s e u m （OPM）, Ok i n a wa . Ag e :Wü r m:2 5 , 8 0 0±9 0 0 y .B.P .a n d2 6 , 8 0 0±1 , 3 0 0 y .B. P . byt he14Cme t ho（ dHa ma da ,1985）,ort hel a t e rpa r tofPl e i s t oc e ne b yt h eF-c o n t e n t （Ma s t s u u r a ,1 9 8 5） . Et y mo l o g y :Th i ss p e c i e si sn a me da “m s i y a k o e n s i s ”d u et o t h ee x c a v a t i o ns i t ei sl o c a t e do nt h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h e Ry u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n . Di a g no s i s :Th ep o s t e r i o re d g eo ft h ei n c i s i v ef o r a me np a s s e s a tt h ef r o n tma r g i n so ft h emo l a rr o ws .Th emo s ta n t e r i o rp o i n t o ft h ep o s t e r i o ra r c ho ft h ea n t e r o o r b i t a lp l a t ea p p r o x i ma t e l y l i e sa tt h ea n t e r i o rma r g i nn e a rt h ea n t e r i o ra l v e o l u so fM1 （Fi g . 3 ） . Th ed i s t a n c eb e t we e nt h ep o s t e r i o re d g eo ft h ea t t a c hme n t a r e aoft hes upe r f i c i a lma s t i c a t or ymus c l ea ndt hea nt e r i orma r gi n o fa l v e o l io ft h ef i r s tu p p e rmo l a ro nt h ema x i l l a （ eASMM1 ）i s s l i g h t l ys h o r t e （F ri g .3 ） . A s t r o n gs u p r a o r b i t a lr i d g eo nt h ec r o wni sa b o u t1 . 9mm i n wi d t h ,a n de x t e n d sb a c k wa r d so v e rt h eb r a i n c a s e ,wh e r et h e r i d g e so nb o t hs i d e sa r et h ewi d e s ti n1 7 . 6mm o nt h emi d d l e. p a r to ft h ep a r i e t a l sa n da r es l i g h t l yn a r r o wo nt h ea n t e r i o ra n d p o s t e r i o rp a r t so ft h es a meb o n e （F s i g .4 ） .Th er i d g ec o n n e c t e d wi t ht hef r ont a la ndpa r i e t a li ss moot hl yc ur ve dwi t houtpr ot r udi ng f o r wa r da n do u t wa r dd i r e c t i o n . Th eM1 ,M2 ,a n dM3h a v en op o s t e r o s t y l （ e= t 7 ;Mu s s e r , 1 9 8 1 ;t h er e f e r e n c ei st h es a mei nt h ef o l l o wi n gp a r e n t h e s e s ） （Fi g .5 ） .Th eM1h a sawe l l ma r k e dr e l a t i v e l yl o n gs l o p eo ft h e a n t e r i o rp a r tc omi n gu pt ot h eg r i n d i n gs u r f a c eo fM1 .Th et o t a l u p p e rmo l a rl e n g t （ hTLUM）i st h el a r g e s ta mo n gt h ea l ll i v i n g s p e c i e so ft h eg e n u sRa t t u s . De s c r i pt i o n: Th ef o s s i li sa l a r g e Mu r i n er o d e n twi t h b r a c h y o d o n t .Mo l a r sf o r mc h e v r o n s h a p e dl a mi n （ aFi g .3） .Th e c u s p so ft h eu p p e rmo l a r ss l a n tp o s t e r i o r l y ,a n dt h r e ec u s p sa r e we l lc o n n e c t e dwi t ht h ed e n t i ns p a c ei nt h ef o r mo fc h e v r o n s . Ont h ec o n t r a r y ,t h ec u s p so ft h el o we rmo l a r ss l a n ta n t e r i o r l y . To t a lmo l a rl e n g t hi sa b o u t1 1 . 4mm i nt h eu p p e ra n d1 0 . 5mm i nt h el o we （T ra b l e1 ）. Th ep o s t e r i o re d g eo ft h ei n c i s i v ef o r a me np e n e t r a t e sa tt h e a nt e r i orpa r tofM1 （Fi g.3）.Themos ta nt e r i orpoi ntoft hepos t e r i or a r c ho ft h ea n t e r o o r b i t a lp l a t el i e sa tt h ea n t e r i o rp a r to fM1 . A s t r o n gs u p r a o r b i t a lr i d g ei s1 . 9mm i nwi d t h ,a n de x t e n d s b a c k wa r d so v e rt h eb r a i n c a s e ,wh e r et h er i d g e so nb o t hs i d e s a r et h ewi d e s ti n1 7 . 6mm o nt h emi d d l ep a r to ft h ep a r i e t a l s a n da r es l i g h t l yn a r r o wo nt h ea n t e r i o ra n dp o s t e r i o rp a r t so ft h e s a meb o n e （F s i g .4 ） .Th er i d g ec o n n e c t e dwi t ht h ef r o n t a la n d p a r i e t a li sc u r v e ds mo o t h e dl i n e a r l ywi t h o u tp r o t r u d i n gf o r wa r d a n do u t wa r d . Th eM1 ,M2 ,a n dM3h a v en op o s t e r o s t y l e .Th eM1h a sa n a s y mme t r i c a lo c c l u s a lo u t l i n （ eFi g s .3a n d5） .Th eM1h a sa we l l ma r k e dr e l a t i v e l yl o n gs l o p eo ft h ea n t e r i o rp a r tc omi n gu p t ot h eg r i n d i n gs u r f a c eo fi t .I ti sc o mp o s e do ft h r e ec h e v r o n s ,i n wh i c ht h ea n t e r i o rt woc h e v r o n sh a v et h r e ec u s p sa n dt h et h i r d c he vr onha st woc us ps .Thef i r s tc he vr onc ompr i s e st hea nt e r os t yl e （=t 1 ） a n dl i n g u a （= l t 2 ）a n dl a b i a la n t e r o c o n e （= s t 3 ） .Th ea nt e r os t yl e i ss l i ght l ypos t e r i ort ot hel i ngua la ndl a bi a la nt e r oc one s . t ht hepos Thea nt e r ol a bi a la r e aoft hea nt e r os t yl ei sc onne c t e dwi o s t e r i o r t e r ol i ngua la r e aoft hel i ngua la nt e r oc one .The r ei sap c o n n e c t i o nb e t we e nt h el i n g u a la n dl a b i a la n t e r o c o n e s .Th el a -.\n(5) Ane wf os s i lmu r i ner ode ntf r o mt h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n. Fi gure 5 Oc c l us a lvi e wsoft her i ghtma xi l l a r ymol a rr ow of Rat t usmi y ak oe ns i s （A -D）,t hel i vi ngDi pl ot hr i xl e gat a （E）, t hel i vi ngBandi c ot ai ndi c a （F）,a ndt hel i vi ngRat t usr at t us （G）. A:OPMFV01259,B:OPMFV00097,C:OPMFV01 108, D:OPMFV01252,E:OPM nonumbe r ,F:Ha s e ga wa ’spr i va t e c ol l e c t i on,G:Ka wa guc hi ’spr i va t ec ol l e c t i on （SK1 144）.. 19. Fi gure 6 Oc c l us a lvi e wsoft her i ghtma ndi bul a rmol a rr ow of Rat t usmi y ak oe ns i s （AD）,t hel i vi ngDi pl ot hr i xl e gat a （E）,t he l i vi ngBandi c ot ai ndi c a （F）,a ndt hel i vi ngRat t usr at t us （G）. A:OPMFV00283,B:OPMFV01 153,C:OPMFV00532, D:OPMFV02938,E:OPM nonumbe r ,F:Ha s e ga wa ’spr i va t e c ol l e c t i on,G:Ka wa guc hi ’spr i va t ec ol l e c t i on （SK1032）.. b i a la n t e r o c o n ei ss l i g h t l yp o s t e r i o rr e l a t i v et ot h el i n g u a l Th eM2h a sar o u n d e do c c l u s a lo u t l i n ea n dc omp r i s e sf i v e a n t e r o c o n e .Th el i n g u a la n t e r o c o n ei st h el a r g e s tc u s pi nt h e ma j o rc u s p （p sa r a c o n e ,p r o t o c o n e ,e n t e r o s t y l e ,me t a c o n ea n d f i r s tc h e v r o n .Th es e c o n dc h e v r o nc omp r i s e st h ep a r a c o n （ e= h y p o c o n e ）a r r a n g e di nt woc h e v r o n （F s i g s .3a n d5）.Th ef i r s t t 6 ），p r o t o c o n （ e=t 5） ,a n de n t e r o s t y l （ e=t 4 ） .Th ep a r a c o n ea n d c h e v r o nc omp r i s e st h ee n t e r o s t y l e ,p r o t o c o n ea n dp a r a c o n e .Th e ot oc onei sl a r ge rt ha nt hepa r a c oneore nt e r os t yl e .Thepa r a c one t h ee n t e r o s t y l ea r ea ta b o u tt h es a mel e v e la n ds l i g h t l yp o s t e r i o r pr r e l a t i vet ot hepr ot oc one .The r ei sapos t e r i orc onne c t i onbe t we e n a ndt hee nt e r os t yl ea r ea ta boutt hes a mel e ve la nds l i ght l ypos t e r i or t h ep a r a c o n ea n dt h ep r o t o c o n e ,o rb e t we e nt h ep r o t o c o n ea n d r e l a t i vet ot hepr ot oc one .The r ei sapos t e r i orc onne c t i onbe t we e n t h ep a r a c o n ea n dt h ep r o t o c o n e ,o rb e t we e nt h ee n t e r o s t y l ea n d t h ee n t e r o s t y l e .Th ep r o t o c o n ei st h el a r g e s tc u s po ft h es e c o n d t h ep r o t o c o n e .Th eh y p o c o n ei sl a r g e rt h a nt h eme t a c o n e .Th e c h e v r o n .Th et h i r dc h e v r o nc omp r i s e st h eme t a c o n （ e=t 9 ）a n d y p o c o n ec o n n e c t sp o s t e r i o r l ywi t ht h eme t a c o n e h y p o c o n （ e=t 8）j o i n e db yap o s t e r i o rc o n n e c t i o n .Th eh y p o c o n e h of o r mt h es e c o n dc h e v r o n .Th ea n t e r o s t y l ei sp r omi n e n ta n d i sl a r g e rt h a nt h eme t a c o n e .Th ep o s t e r i o rc i n g u l um s ome t i me s t pr e s e nti ns i xof60s pe c i me nsa sas ma l lnot c hbutmuc hr e duc e d c o n f l u e n twe a k l y wi t ht h el a b i a la n t e r o c o n e .A s ma l lr o u n d （s e eFi g.1）.Thi spos t e r i orc i ngul um whe npr e s e ntha sas ha l l ow c u s po ft h el a b i a la n t e r o c o n ei sp r e s e n ti n4 0o f4 6s p e c i me n s v a l l e yb e t we e nt h eme t a c o n ea n dt h ec i n g u l um.Att h ea n t e r i o r wi t ha nu n wo r nmo l a （T ra b l e2） .Ne i t h e rl i n g u a la n t e r o c o n en o r ma r g i no fM1 ,o n eo rt womi n u t ep r e s t y l e si sr a r e l yp r e s e n to n a c c e s s o r yc u s pi sp r e s e n t . t h ep r e c i n g u l um a tt h eb a s eo fj u n c t u r eo ft h el i n g u a la n dl a b i a l Th eM3h a sat r a p e z o i do c c l u s a lo u t l i n et a p e r i n gp o s t e r i o r l y a n t e r o c o n e si nf o u ro f6 0s p e c i me n s :o n ep r e s t y l ei sp r e s e n ti n （Fi g s .3a n d5 ） .I th a st wowe l ld e f i n e dc h e v r o n s .Th ef i r s t OPMFV-0 0 1 1 8 ,0 0 4 4 1 ,a n d0 1 2 7 9 ,a n dt wop r e s t y l e si nOPM- c h e v r o ni sc omp o s e do fp a r a c o n e ,p r o t o c o n ea n de n t e r o s t y l e . FV0 2 8 7 8 .As ma l la c c e s s o r yc u s pi sf o u n do nt h el a b i a lb o r d e r Th ep a r a c o n ea n de n t e r o s t y l ea r ea ta b o u tt h es a mel e v e la n d o fM1b e t we e nt h ep a r a c o n ea n dme t a c o n ei nf o u rs p e c i me n s s l i g h t l yp o s t e r i o rr e l a t i v et ot h ep r o t o c o n e .Th ep r o t o c o n ei s c l os e rt ot hepa r a c onet ha nt hee nt e r os t yl e .Thes e c ondc he vr oni s a mo n g6 0o n e （O s PMFV-0 0 0 9 5 ,0 0 4 4 4 ,0 0 4 8 0 ,a n d0 1 0 5 6） ..\n(6) 20. KAWAGUCHISa t os hi ,KANEKO Yu k i b u mia n dHASEGAWA Yo s h i k a z u. c ompos e doft heme t a c onea ndhypoc one .Thes i z eoft heme t a c one i ss ma l l e rt h a nt h a to ft h eh y p o c o n e .Th eme t a c o n ei sc l o s et o t h ee n t e r o s t y l e ,b u twe l ls e p a r a t e df r om t h ep a r a c o n e .Th ea n t e r o s t y l ei sal a r g ec u s pa tt h ea n t e r o l i n g u a lma r g i no ft h et o o t h . nTh el a b i a la n t e r o c o n ei sl o wa n dr a t h e rl i k eac i n g u l uma tt h ea t e r ol a bi a lbor de roft het oot h,i fi tpr e s e nt .Thel a bi a la nt e r oc one o c c u r si n1 3a mo n g2 4s p e c i me n swi t ha nu n wo r nmo l a （T ra b l e 2 ）. Th em1i sr o u g h l yat r a p e z i f o r ma n dh a ss i xma j o rc u s p （p sr o t o c o n i d ,me t a c o n i d ,h y p o c o n i d ,e n t o c o n i d ,l a b i a la n t e r o c o n i d a n dl i n g u a la n t e r o c o n i d）f o r me di nt h r e ec h e v r o n （F s i g s .3a n d 6 ）.Th e r ei sn ome d i a la n t e r o c o n i d （=a n t e r o c e n t r a lc u s p）.Th e l i ngua la nt e r oc oni d （=a nt e r ol i ngua lc us p）a ndl a bi a la nt e r oc oni d （=a n t e r o l a b i a lc u s p）a r ec o n n e c t e dp o s t e r i o r l yt of o r mt h ef i r s t c he vr on.Thel a bi a la nt e r oc oni di ss ma l l e rt ha nt hel i ngua la nt e r oc o n i da n ds l i g h t l yp o s t e r i o rt oi t .Th eme t a c o n i da n dp r o t o c o n i d a r ec o n n e c t e da n t e r i o r l yt of o r mt h es e c o n dc h e v r o n .Th ep r o t o c o n i di ss l i g h t l yp o s t e r i o rr e l a t i v et ot h eme t a c o n i d .Th eh y p o c o n i da n de n t o c o n i da r ec o n n e c t e da n t e r i o r l yt of o r mt h et h i r d c h e v r o n .Th eh y p o c o n i di ss l i g h t l yp o s t e r i o rt ot h ee n t o c o n i d . Th ep o s t e r i o rc i n g u l um i sa ni s o l a t e df l a t t e n e do v a la tt h ep o s t e r i o rma r g i no ft h et e e t hb e t we e nt h eh y p o c o n i da n de nt o c o n i d . Ex c e p tf o r2 2s p e c i me n swi t hwe a r i n gmo l a r s ,o n ec i n g u l a r c u s p （C s 1=p o s t e r i o rl a b i a lc u s p l e t ）i sn o tp r e s e n t ,t h eC1a n d C2 （=a n t e r i o rl a b i a lc u s p l e t ）o c c u rt o g e t h e ri n1 9s p e c i me n s , a n dt h eC2a l o n ei sd e v e l o p e di n1 9s p e c i me n so nt h el a b i a lc i n g u l um a mo n g3 8s p e c i me n s . Th em2h a sat r a p e z o i d a lo c c l u s a lo u t l i n et a p e r i n gp o s t e r i o r l y （Fi g s .3a n d6） .I tc o mp r i s e sf o u rma j o rc u s p （m s e t a c o n i d ,p r o t o c o n i d ,e n t o c o n i da n dh y p o c o n i d）a r r a n g e di nt wot r a n s v e r s e c h e v r o n s .Th eme t a c o n i da n dp r o t o c o n i du n i t ea n t e r i o r l yt of o r m t h ef i r s tc h e v r o n .Th ee n t o c o n i da n dh y p o c o n i da r ec o n n e c t e d a n t e r i o r l yt of o r mt h es e c o n dc h e v r o n ,a n dt h el a t t e ri sp o s t e r i o r r e l a t i v et ot h ef o r me r .Th ep o s t e r i o rc i n g u l um i sa ni s o l a t e df l a t t e n e do v a la tt h ep o s t e r i o rma r g i no ft h et e e t hb e t we e nt h eh y p o c o n i da n de n t o c o n i d .A l a b i a la n t e r o c o n i d （=a n t e r o l a b i a lc u s p） i sd e v e l o p e da tt h ea n t e r o l a b i a lc o r n e ro ft h et o o t ha n di sc on n e c t e dt ot h ep r o t o c o n i d .Ex c e p tf o r3 6s p e c i me n swi t hwe a r i n g mo l a r s ,o n ec i n g u l a rc u s p （C1=p o s t e r i o rl a b i a lc u s p l e t ）i sc o mp l e t e l yv i s i b l eo nt h el a b i a lc i n g u l um a mo n g2 4s p e c i me n s . Th em3i st r i a n g u l a ri no c c l u s a lo u t l i n （ eFi g s .3a n d6）.I t c o mp r i s e sf o u rma j o rc u s p （m s e t a c o n i d ,p r o t o c o n i d ,e n t o c o n i d a n dh y p o c o n i d）a r r a n g e di nt wot r a n s v e r s ec h e v r o n s .Th eme t a c o n i da n dp r o t o c o n i da r ec o n n e c t e da n t e r i o r l yt of o r mt h ef i r s t c h e v r o n .Th eme t a c o n i da n dp r o t o c o n i da r ea ta b o u tt h es a me l e v e l .Th ee n t o c o n i da n dh y p o c o n i da r ej o i n e da n t e r i o r l yt o. Fi gure 7 Ve nt r a lvi e wsoft he uppe ra l ve ol i （AC）a nd dor s a l vi e wsoft hel owe ra l ve ol i （DF）i nt hef os s i lRat t usmi y ak oe ns i s （A,B,Da ndE）a ndt hel i vi ngRat t usr at t us （Ca ndF）.Bot hAa nd Da r et hemos tf r e que ntpa t t e r ns ,r e s pe c t i ve l y .Bot hBa ndEa r ee xc e pt i ona lpa t t e r nswi t hs uppl e me nt a ls ma l l e rr oot l e t s ,r e s pe c t i ve l y . A:OPMFV01090,B:OPMFV01644,D:OPMFV02022,E: OPMFV02627,F:Ka wa guc hi ’spr i va t ec ol l e c t i on （SK1144）.. f o r mt h es e c o n dc h e v r o n .A l a b i a la n t e r o c o n i di sd e v e l o p e da t t h ea n t e r o l a b i a lc o r n e ro ft h et o o t h .Ex c e p tf o r3 5s p e c i me n s wi t hwe a r i n gmo l a r s ,o n ec i n g u l a rc u s p （C1 ）i sd e v e l o p e da l o n e o nt h el a b i a lc i n g u l um i ns i xa mo n g2 5s p e c i me n s . ve ol a rpa t t e r nsf oruppe ra ndl owe rmol a rr oot sa r ei l l us t r a t e d Al i nFi g .7 .Th eM1h a sal a r g ea n t e r i o r ,ame d i u ms i z e dl a b i a l ,a me d i u ms i z e dp o s t e r i o r ,a n dt wome d i u ms i z e dl i n g u a lr o o t so n.\n(7) Ane wf os s i lmu r i ner ode ntf r o mt h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n. 21. b o t hs i d e swi t ho n ee x c e p t i o n ,wh i c hh a sab i f i dl a b i a lr o o （F ti g . c u s p （F s i g s .5a n d6）,R.mi y a k o e n s i s i si sd i s t i n g u i s h e df r o m B. 7 -A a n d7 -B） .Th eM2h a sf o u rr o o t so fa b o u te q u a ls i z eo n i n d i c a . b o t hs i d e swi t ho n ee x c e p t i o n ,wh i c hh a st woa d d i t i o n a ls ma l l e r Th emo l a rme a s u r e me n t so fRa t t u smi y a k o e n s i si n d i c a t et h e r o o t （F s i g .7 B） .Th eM3h a st wos ma l la n t e r i o rr o o t sa l o n g r e s e mb l a n c et ot h a to fDi p l o t h r i xl e g a t awi t hs o mee x c e p t i o n s . Fi r s t ,e a c hr a ngeof15me a s ur e me nt soft heuppe ra ndl owe rmowi t hawi d ep o s t e r i o rr o o to nb o t hs i d e s .Ho we v e r ,t h e r ei sa n a r si sove r l a ppe dbe t we e nR.mi y ak oe ns i sa ndD.l e gat （ aTa bl e1）. a d d i t i o n a ls ma l l e rr o o ti ns i xa mo n g1 2s p e c i me n sa n dt h e r ea r e l a nsa r es l i ght l yl a r ge ri nR.mi y ak oe ns i st ha ni nD.l e gat ae xc e pt t woa d d i t i o n a ls ma l lr o o t si no n ea mo n g1 2s p e c i me n （F s i g .7 - Me f o rASMM1 :t h eme a no fASMM1i ss h o r t e ri nR.mi y a k o e n s i s B）. t h a ni nD.l e g a t a .I na d d i n gt ot h i s ,t h ea n a l y s i so fv a r i a n c e Th emlh a sal a r g ea n t e r i o ra n dp o s t e r i o rr o o t sj o i n e dwi t h s h o wss t a t i s t i c a l l yi n s i g n i f i c a n ti n1 2me a s u r e me n t se x c e p tf o r s ma l l e rl a b i a la n dl i n g u a lr o o t swi t h o u te x c e p t i o n （Fi g s .7 -D heLm2,Lm3,a ndWm2.Se c ond,s c a t t e rdi a gr a msoft her e l a a n d7 -E）.Th em2h a sap a i ro fs ma l la n t e r i o rr o o t sa n dawi d e t i ons hi pbe t we e nt hel e ngt ha ndt hewi dt hoft heuppe ra ndl owe r p o s t e r i o rr o o twi t ho n ee x c e p t i o n ,wh i c hh a sa na d d i t i o n a ls ma l l t e s pe c t i vemol a r sa r eove r l a ppe dbe t we e nR.mi y ak oe ns i sa ndD. r o o （F ti g .7 E）.Th em3h a sap a i ro fs ma l la n t e r i o rr o o t sa n da r e gat ae xc e ptf ort her e l a t i ons hi pbe t we e nt hel e ngt ha ndt he l a r g ep o s t e r i o rr o o t .Ho we v e r ,s e v e r a ls p e c i me n so ft h em3h a v e l ndbe t we e n dt hi nt hef i r s tuppe rmol a （L r M1a ndWM1）a a na d d i t i o n a ls ma l l e rr o o t ,r e s p e c t i v e l y （Fi g .7 -E:OPMFV- wi M1a ndLM1 （Fi gs .8a nd9）:i nt he s et wor e l a t i ons hi ps 0 1 4 7 5a n d0 2 6 2 7o nt h er i g h ts i d e ;OPMFV0 1 1 1 4 ,0 1 6 6 1 , ASMt he r ei sac l e a rt e nde nc yoft hes e pa r a t i onofR.mi y ak oe ns i s 0 2 8 2 9 ,0 2 8 3 2 ,a n d0 2 8 3 8o nt h el e f ts i d e ） . f r om D.l e gat ai nt woc l us t e r s .The r e f or e ,f r e que nc ypol ygonsof Co mpa r i s o n: Th es p e c i e so ft h i sn e wt a x o ni sr e f e r r e dt o M1 a nd LM1 s how bi moda l l y di s t r i but i ons wi t ht wo t h eg e n u sRa t t u s ,b e c a u s et h ea l v e o l a ra n do c c l u s a lp a t t e r n so f ASMa ks ,r e s pe c t i ve l y ,i ndi c a t i ngdi f f e r e nts pe c i e （F s i g.10）. t h eu p p e ra n dl o we rmo l a r sa swe l la st h en u mb e ro fr o o t si nr e - pe s p e c t i v emo l a r si ss i mi l a rt oRa t t u （ sf o re x a mp l e ,R.r a t t u sa n d R.n o r v e g i c u s ）. Di scussi on Th en e wf o s s i lRa t t u smi y a k o e n s i si sd i s t i n c tf r o mo t h e rl i v i n g e g a r d st h ed i s t r i b u t i o no fn a t i v er o d e n ts p e c i e so nt h ei s a n df o s s i ls p e c i e so fRa t t u si nh a v i n gt h el a r g e s ts i z eo fmo l a r Asr l a n d so ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,t h el i v i n ge n d e mi cs p e c i e so f l e n g t h .Ac c o r d i n gt ot h ec u r r e n tt a x o n omi cr e s u l t so ft h el i v i n g p l o t h r i xl e g a t awa sf o u n do nt h ei s l a n d so fAma mi o s h i ma , s p e c i e so fRa t t u （Mu s s s e ra n dCa r l e t o n ,2 0 0 5） ,6 6s p e c i e sa r e Di Oki na wa ,a ndTokunos hi m（ aMus s e ra ndCa r l e t on,2005;Ka ne ko, l i s t e da n d1 3s p e c i e sg r o u ph a v en o tb e e nu n s o l v e da mo n g 2 0 0 8）.Fu r t h e r mo r e ,T o k u d a i ao s i me n s i s ,T .mu e n n i n k i ,a n dT . t h e m.Th ec r o wno ra l v e o l a rmo l a rl e n g t hi st a b u l a t e da mo n g o k u n o s h i me n s i so c c u ro nt h e s et h r e ei s l a n d s ,r e s p e c t i v e l y t h e s e5 3l i v i n gs p e c i e sa swe l la sf i v ef o s s i ls p e c i e so fRa t t u s t （Ta bl e3）.The s es pe c i e sofRat t usha s4. 39. 7mm i nt hea l ve ol a r （Ka o n e k o ,2 0 0 8） .Ont h eo t h e rh a n d ,t h e r ei sn ol i v i n gn a t i v er l e n g t ho fM1 M3 ,a n d3 . 9 9 . 3mm i nt h ec r o wnl e n g t ho fM1 - d e n to nt h eMi y a k oI s l a n d . M3 .Th e r e f o r e ,R.mi y a k o e n s i sh a st h el o n g e s tmo l a rs e r i e s St u d i e so n mo r p h o l o g i c a lc h a r a c t e r i s t i c so ft h el i v i n g a mo n gs p e c i e so fRa t t u s . Di p l o t h r i xl e g a t ap u b l i s h e du n t i ln o wh a v eb e e nv e r ys c a r c ee x h e l i v i n g Ra t t u s mi y a k o e n s i si sd i s t i n g u i s h e d f r om t c e p tf o rTh oma （1 s9 0 6 , 1 9 1 6） ,Ao k （1 i9 1 5） ,To k u d （ a1 9 4 1）a n d Di p l o t h r i xl a g a t ai nt h es h a p eo ft h et e mp o r a lr i d g e s ,t h er e l a t i v e Ka wa mu r （ a1 9 8 9） .Ac c o r d i n gt oTh oma （1 s9 0 6）,D.l e g a t ah a s p o s i t i o n so ft h ea n t e r o o r b i t a lp l a t ea n dt h ei n c i s i v ef o r e me n , n o tami n u t es u p p l e me n t a r y me d i a nc u s p （= a n t e r i o rc e n t r a l a n dt h eo u t e rs h a p eo ft h eM1 .Fi r s t ,R.mi y a k o e n s i sh a sa c u s p）a tt h eo u t e re n do ft h em1 ,b u th a st h et womi n u t ea n t e r i o r s t r o n gs u p r a o r b i t a lr i d g e ,wh i c hi sa b o u t1 . 9mm i nwi d t h ,a n d me d i a nc u s p （= s C1a n dC2 ;a n t e r i o rl a b i a lc u s p l e ta n dp o s t e r i o r e x t e n d sb a c k wa r d so v e rt h eb r a i n c a s e ,wh e r et h er i d g e so nb o t h l a b i a lc u s p l e t ）o nm2 .Hef u r t h e rn o t e dt h a tt h es u p p l e me n t a r y s i de sa r et hewi de s ti n17. 6mm ont hemi ddl epa r toft hepa r i e t a l s me d i a nc u s pi sn o tf o u n d .Th oma （1 s9 1 6）g a v ead e f i n i t i o no f a n da r es l i g h t l yn a r r o wo nt h ea n t e r i o ra n dp o s t e r i o rp a r t so ft h e t h eg e n u sDi p l o t h r i xs e p a r a t i n gf r o mt h eg e n u sLe n o t h r i xt h a t s a meb o n e （F s i g .4）.Di p l o t h r i xl e g a t a ,o nt h eo t h e rh a n d ,h a sa t h eg r e a tb r e a d t ho ft h ec r o wna r e ab e t we e nt h ep a r i e t a lr i d g e s p r o mi n e n tu p t u r n e db l a d e l i k el e d g eo ne i t h e rs i d eo ft h ei n t e r o r - i sb r o a d e rt h a nt h el e n g t ha n dg i v e saq u i t ed i f f e r e n ta s p e c to f b i t a la n dt h i si sad i a g n o s t i cc h a r a c t e ro ft h eg e n u sDi p l o t h r i x t h eu p p e rv i e wo ft h es k u l ls u c ha st h eg r e a t e rp r o j e c t i o nf o r （Th oma s ,1 9 1 6 ;Fi g .4 ）.Se c o n d a r y ,t h ep o s t e r i o re d g eo ft h ei n - wa r do ft h ez y g oma t i cp l a t e .Th o ma （1 s9 1 6）r e ma r k e du p o nt h e c i s i v ef o r a me np a s s e sa tt h ef r o n tma r g i n so ft h ef i r s tmo l a ri n c h a r a c t e r i s t i c so fM1a n dM2wi t h o u ta na n t e r o e x t e r n a ls u p p l e nt a r yc us pa ndt hos eonM3a sc ons i s t i ngofi nt e r na la ndme di a n R.mi y a k o e n s i s ,b u tt h ee d g ei sl o c a t e ds l i g h t l yi nf r o n to ft h e me u s p si nt h ep o s t e r i o rl a mi n （ a=weu s e “p o s t e r i o rc h e v r o n” ）i n ma r g i n so fmo l a rr o wsi nDi p l o t h r i （ xFi g .3 ） .Th i r d l y ,t h emo s t c p l o t h r i x . a n t e r i o rp o i n to ft h ep o s t e r i o ra r c ho ft h ea n t e r o o r b i t a lp l a t e Di o mt h ep r e s e n ti n v e s t i g a t i o n ,Th oma （1 s9 1 6）’ sr e ma r ko n l i e sa tt h ea n t e r i o rp a r to fM1i nR.mi y a k o e n s i s ,a l t h o u g hi tp r e - Fr na n t e r o e x t e r n a ls u p p l e me n t a r yc u s po nM1a n dM2 ”me n s e n t sf o r wa r dt h ea n t e r i o rp a r to fM1i nD.l e g a t （ aFi g .3 ）.Th e “a i o n e da b o v ewo u l db emi s t a k e nf o r “M2a n dM3 ”,b e c a u s et h e r e a s o ni st h a tt h es l o p eo ft h ea n t e r i o rp a r tc omi n gu pt ot h e t n t e r o e x t e r n a ls u p p l e me n t a r yc u s pi sn a me da st h el a b i a la n t e g r i n d i n gs u r f a c eo fM1i sr e l a t i v e l ye l o n g a t e df o r wa r d l yi nR. a r o c o n eonM2a n dM3 ,a n dM1h a sal a r g el a b i a la n t e r o c o n e mi y a k o e n s i st h a ni nD.l e g a t a . e eFi g . 5）.I n1 0s p e c i me n so ft h el i v i n gDi p l o t h r i xl e g a t ae x Ra t t u smi y a k o e n s i s i swa sc omp a r e dwi t ht h el i v i n gBa n d i c o t a （s mi n e d ,t h eo c c u r r e n c eo rt h ea b s e n c eo ft h el a b i a la n t e r o c o n e i n d i c a .A l a r g emu r i n er o d e n to fB.i n d i c ai sd i s t r i b u t e di n a st h es a meb e t we e nb o t hs i d e so fM2o rM3 ,a n ds e v e no n e s So u t hEa s tAs i ai n c l u d i n gTa i wa n ,wh i c hi st h ec l o s et ot h eMi - i a v et h ea n t e r o c o n eo nM2a n de i g h to n e so nM3 .Nos t a t i s t i c a l y a k oI s l a n d ,wh e r et h en e wf o s s i l swe r ee x c a v a t e d .Be c a u s e h n d e p e n d e n c ywa sf o u n db e t we e nt h ef r e q u e n c i e so fRa t t u s e a c hmo l a ro fB.i n d i c ah a ss i mp l ewi d ec h e v r o n swi t hv a g u e i.\n(8) 22. KAWAGUCHISa t os hi ,KANEKO Yu k i b u mia n dHASEGAWA Yo s h i k a z u.\n(9) Ane wf os s i lmu r i ner ode ntf r o mt h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n. 23. mi y a k o e n s i sa n dt h o s eo fD.l e g a t ab yt h eGt e s twi t ht h e Mi y a k o e n s i s y a k oI s l a n d ,o nt h eo t h e rh a n d , Ca p r e o l u smi Wi l l i a ms ’a d j u s t me n （S to k a la n dRo h l f ,1 9 7 3 :Ta b l e2）. （Ar t i o d a c t y l a ,Ce r v i d a e ）a n d Fe l i ss p （C . a r n i v o r a ,Fe l i d a e ） Th en umb e ro ft h e mo l a rr o o t s ma yb et a x o n omi c a l l y we r ee x c a v a t e d （Zh e na n dHa s e g a wa ,1 9 8 5 ;Ha s e g a wa ,1 9 8 5 a ） s i gni f i c a nt .Howe ve r ,t henumbe rha snotbe e ni nve s t i ga t e de xc e pt i nt hel a t e rPl e i s t oc e n （ e25, 800±900y .B.P .a nd26, 800±1, 300y . P . :Ha ma d a ,1 9 8 5）,a n dt h e r ei sn of o s s i lo fCe r v u sa s t y l o d o n f o rf i v er o o t si nM1 （To k u d a ,1 9 4 1） ,c o n f i r mi n gi nt h ep r e s e n t B. a n dDi c r o c e r u ss p .Ha s e g a w（ a1 9 8 5 b）c o n s i d e r e dt h a tt h ef o s s i l s t u d y . mma l i a nf a u n ao ft h eMi y a k oI s l a n dwo u l db er e l a t e dt ot h e Se v e r a lf o s s i ls p e c i me n so fDi p l o t h r i xl e g a t ah a db e e ne x c a - ma ne s eCont i ne ntj us tbe f or et hepe r i odoft hel a t e rPl e i s t oc e ne , v a t e df r om t h ef o l l o wi n gl o c a l i t i e s :To k u n o s h i maI s l a n （To d - Chi e c a u s et h ef o s s i lCa p r e o l u smi y a k o e n s i sh a sas t r o n gr e s e mmi d ae ta l . ,1 9 9 0）;Mi n a t o g a was i t e ,Ok i n a waI s l a n d ,a n dt h e b b l a n c et ot h ec o n t i n e n t a lf o r m （Zh e na n dHa s e g a wa ,1 9 8 5）a s Ta n a b a r u c a v ea n dAma g a wa d o ,Mi y a k oI s l a n d （Ko wa l s k ia n d l la st hepr e s e nc eofFe l i ss p. ,Mi c r ot usf or t i sa ndM.oe c onomus Ha s e g a wa ,1 9 7 6） ;a n dGa j a n b i r a ,Ok i n a waI s l a n d （Ka wa mu r a , we n e k oa n dHa s e g a wa ,1 9 9 5） . 1 9 8 9）.Fo s s i l sf r om To k u n o s h i maI s l a n dwe r ea g e dp r o b a b l ya s （Ka e r eh a sb e e nmu c hc o n t r o v e r s yo nt h eg e o l o g i c a lf o r ma t i o n t h eEa r l yMo d e r nAg e （T s o mi d ae ta l . ,1 9 9 0） ,wh e r e a sf o s s i l s Th heRyukyuAr c hi pe l a go.Ac c or di ngt oOt （ a1998）a ndOt s uka f r o mt h es i t e so fOk i n a waa n dMi y a k oI s l a n d swe r ea g e da st h e oft n dTa k a h a s h （2 i0 0 0）,t h e r ea r er e c e n t l yf i v eh y p o t h e s e so nt h e l a t e Pl e i s t o c e n （ eKo wa l s k ia n d Ha s e g a wa ,1 9 7 6 ;Ka wa mu r a , a Ce n o z o i cp a l e o g e o g r a p h i c a lma p so ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o . 1 9 8 9）.I no r d e rt or e v i s et h e i ri d e n t i f i c a t i o n ,wea d o p tt h el e n g t h ）o ft h ef i r s tu p p e rmo l a （F ri g s . 8a n d Ot （ a1 9 9 8）s h o we dt h r e eh y p o t h e s e sb a s e do ns e d i me n t a la n d （LM1 ）a n dwi d t h （WM1 a t h y me t r i cd a t a （Ki z a k ia n dOs h i r o ,1 9 7 7 ） ,s e d i me n t a la n d 9 ）:t h eme a s u r e me n t sg i v e nb yKa wa mu r （ a1 9 8 9）a n dt h ee s t i - b c r o f o s s i ld a t （ aUj i i é ,1 9 9 0 ;Uj i i ée ta l . ,1 9 9 1 ）o rt h ed a t ao f ma t i o no ft h e me a s u r e me n t sf r o m ap i c t u r e wi t h as c a l e mi （LM1=4. 78mm a ndWM1=2. 96mm）duet ol a c ki ngt her e c or d s t r a t i g r a p h y ,t e c t o n o s t r u c t u r ea n dg e omo r p h （ yKi mu r a ,1 9 9 6） , i nTomi dae ta l （1 . 990）.Fi g.8Ai ndi c a t e st ha tt het wor e s pe c t i ve r e s p e c t i v e l y ,a d d i n gt oamo d i f i e dh y p o t h e s i so fKi z a k ia n d f o s s i l sa r ei d e n t i f i e da sD.l e g a t a .Ont h ec o n t r a r y ,f o u rf o s s i l s Os h i r （1 o 9 7 7）b a s e do np h y o l o g e o g r a p h yo ft h el i v i n gr e p t i l e s o fl o we rmo l a r sf r o mt h eMi y a k oI s l a n di d e n t i f i e da sD.l e g a t a a n da mp h i b i a n sa swe l la st h eg e o g r a p h i c a lp a t t e r n so ft h e s e （Ko wa l s k ia n dHa s e g a wa ,1 9 7 6）h a sb e e np o s t p o n e d ,b e c a u s e t a x a .Ont h ec o n t r a r y ,Ot s u k aa n dTa k a h a s h （2 i0 0 0）mo d i f i e da t hes i z ea nds ha peoft hel owe rmol a ra r ei mpos s i bl et odi s c r i mi na t e hypot he s i sofKi mur （ a1998）ba s e donf os s i lma mma l sa ndr e pt i l e s D.l e g a t af r o m Ra t t u smi y a k o e n s i （F s i g .9 ）.Th e r e f o r e ,i nt h e e x c a v a t e df r om t h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o .Ho we v e r ,n o w wea r e l a t e rPl e i s t oc e ne ,D.l e gat awa sdi s t r i but e dont heOki na waI s l a nd, t o od i f f i c u l tt od i s c u s sh o wt h e s es p e c i e swe r ef o r me do nt h e wh i l eR.mi y a k o e n s i swa sf o u n do n l yo nt h eMi y a k oI s l a n d . Mi y a k oI s l a n di na c c o r d a n c e wi t hg e o h i s t o r i c a lc h a n g e so f Asf o rf o s s i lr o d e n t so fT o k u d a i a ,T .o s i me n s i swa se x c a v a t e d t h e s ep a l e o g e o g r a p h i c a lma psi nt h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,b e f r o mt h ei s l a n d so fOk i n a waa n dI ei nt h el a t ePl e i s t o c e n eo r c a u s ewea r ei n s u f f i c i e n to fd a t ai nd e t a i lo nt h er e l a t i o n s h i po f Ho l o c e n （ eKo wa l s k ia n d Ha s e g a wa ,1 9 7 6 ;Ha s e g a wa e ta l . , r e s p e c t i v ef o s s i la n dl i v i n gs p e c i e swi t ht h o s eo ft h eCo n t i n e n t 1 9 7 8 ;Ka wa mu r a ,1 9 8 9） ,t h o u g ht h ef o s s i l sh a db e e ni d e n t i f i e d a n da d j a c e n ti s l a n d s .Th u s ,t h ed i s c u s s i o nwi l lb el e f ti nf u t u r e . a sT .o s i me n s i sb e f o r emu e n n i n k ia n dt o k u n o s h i me n s i swe r ea s s i g n e da st wod i s t i n c ts p e c i e s .Th u s ,o nt h eOk i n a waI s l a n d , Acknowl edgement s t h e r ea r eDi p l o t h r i xl e g a t aa n dT o k u d a i as p .i nt h el i v i n ga n d r ep r o f o u n d l yi n d e b t e dt oGu yG.Mu s s e rf o rc r i t i c a lr e f o s s i l .Ont h eo t h e rh a n d ,o nt h eMi y a k oI s l a n d ,a swe l la sf o s s i l Wea i e wi n gt h ema n u s c r i p t .Wet h a n kt ot h ec u r a t o r so fSi n I c h i r o Ra t t u smi y a k o e n s i si nt h i ss t u d yf o s s i lMi c r o t u sf o r t i sa n dM. v wa da ,t heNa t i ona lSc i e nc eMus e um,Tokyo,J a pa n （NSM）,a n d o e c o n o mu （R s o d e n t i a ,Ar v o c o l i n a e ）we r ee x c a v a t e di nt h el a t e r Ka u l aJ e n k i n s ,t h eNa t u r a lHi s t o r yMu s e u mo fLo n d o n ,Lo n d o n , Pl e i s t o c e n （ e2 5 , 8 0 0±9 0 0 y .B.P .a n d2 6 , 8 0 0±1 , 3 0 0 y .B. P . : Pa Ka n e k oa n dHa s e g a wa ,1 9 9 5 ） .I tf o l l o wst h a tt h e r ei sac l e a r UK （BM）f o rp e r mi t t i n gt oe x a mi n emu s e u ms p e c i me n su n d e r d i f f e r e n c eb e t we e nt h ei s l a n d so fMi y a k oa n dOk i n a wai nt h e t h e i rc a r e .Wea l s ot h a n kt oOa r aMo l d o v a n ,I n s t i t u t u t i o no f Spe l e ol ogy “Emi lRa c ovi t a ”,Cl uj Na poc a ,Roma ni a ,f ors e ndi ng l i v i n ga n df o s s i lr o d e n t s . u sp d ff i l eo fs omep a p e r so nf o s s i lRa t t u si nRo ma n i a ;Ne dS. Sp e c i e sa s s e mb l a g e so ff o s s i lma mma l sa swe l lwe r ec l e a r l y l mo r e ,Co l l e c t i o n sMa n a g e r s ,t h eAc a d e myo fNa t u r a lSc i d i f f e r e n tb e t we e nt h ei s l a n d so fOk i n a waa n dMi y a k o ,e x c e p t Gi n c e s ,Ph i l a d e l p h i （ aANSP）,USA,f o rme a s u r i n gt h el e n g t ho f f o rf o s s i l so fPr o b o s c i d a ea n dS u ss p . :b e c a u s et h es y s t e ms t i c e h emo l a rr o wo ft h eh o l o t y p es p e c i me no fRa t t u sb l a n g o r u m p o s i t i o no ft h e s ef o s s i l si ss t i l lu n d e a r .Ont h eOk i n a waI s l a n d , t o u s e di nt h eANSP .Wea r ea l s ov e r yg r a t e f u lt ot h ef o l l o wi n g Ce r v u sa s t y l o d o na n dDi c r o c e r u ss p （A . r t i o d a c t y l a ,Ce r v i d a e ） h p e r s o n sa n ds t a f f si np a r t i c u l a r :Sh i i c h iToma ,Sh i j y u nAs a t o we r ef o u n di nt h el a t e rPl e i s t o c e n （ e1 6 , 6 0 0±3 0 0 y .B.P . ,1 8 , 2 5 0 0 0 1 ） .Ont h e a n dYo s h i h i k oKi s h i mo t o ,t h eOk i n a waPr e f e c t u r a lBo a r do f ±6 5 0 y .B.P .a n d1 8 , 8 0 0±4 0 0 y . B.P . :Os h i r o ,2. Foot not e sf orTa bl e 3.\n(10) 24. KAWAGUCHISa t os hi ,KANEKO Yu k i b u mia n dHASEGAWA Yo s h i k a z u. t t u smi y a k o e n Fi gure 8 Sc a t t e rdi a gr a msoft her e l a t i ons hi pbe t we e nt h el e n g t ha n dwi d t ho ft h eu p p e rmo l a r si nt h ef o s s i lRa s i sa ndt hel i vi ngDi pl ot hr i xl e gat a .A:t her e l a t i ons h i pb e t we e nLM1a n dWM1 ,B:t h er e l a t i o n s h i pb e t we e nLM2a n dWM2 ,C: t her e l a t i ons hi pbe t we e nLM3a ndWM3.Fr o m A,t h ef o s s i l se x c a v a t e df r o me i t h e rt h eTo k u n o s h i maI s l a n d （To mi d ae ta l . , 1990 ）ort heOki na waI s l a nd （Ka wa mu r a ,1989 ）we r ei d e n t i f i e da sD.l e g a t a .. Fi gure 9 Sc a t t e rdi a gr a msoft her e l a t i ons hi pbe t we e nt h el e n g t ha n dwi d t ho ft h el o we rmo l a r s （AC）a n dt h er e l a t i o n s h i pbe t we e nASMM1a ndLM1 （D）i nt hef os s i lRat t usmi y a k o e n s i sa n dt h el i v i n gDi p l o t h r i xl e g a t a .A:t h er e l a t i o n s h i pb e t we e n Lm1a ndWm1,B:t her e l a t i ons hi pbe t we e nLm2a n dWm2 ,C:t h er e l a t i o n s h i pb e t we e nLm3a n dWm3 .Fr o m AC,t h ef o s s i l s e xc a va t e df r o me i t he rt heTokunos hi maI s l a nd （To mi d ae ta l . ,1 9 9 0 ）o rt h eOk i n a waI s l a n d （Ka wa mu r a ,1 9 8 9 ）we r en o ta b l et o i de nt i f ya sD.l e gat aorR.mi y ak oe ns i s ..\n(11) Ane wf os s i lmu r i ner ode ntf r o mt h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n. Fi gure 10 Fr e que nc ypol ygonsoft henu mb e rofs pe c i me n s e xa mi ne di nASMM1 （A）a ndLM1 （B）oft hef os s i lRa t t u s mi y ak oe ns i sa ndt hel i vi ngDi pl ot hr i xl e gat a.. Ed u c a t i o n ;I t s u r oOs h i r o ,t h eOk i n a waPr e f e c t u r a lGe n e r a lEd u c a t i o nCe n t e r ;Yo s h i oSh i n g a k i ,Ne g i ,t h eFu t e nma g uSh r i n e ; He i z a b u r oYa ma u c h i ,t h eOk i n a wa wo r l d ,Gy o k u s e n d oCa v e ; a n dt h es t a f f so ft h eUe n o s o nBo a r do fEd u c a t i o n ,Mi y a k o Gu n ,Ok i n a waPr e f e c t u r e ,f o rt h e i rwo r k i n ga tt h ee x c a v a t i o n s i t e ;Ma n a b eMa k o t oa n do t h e r s ,St u d e n t so fI n s t i t u t eo fEa r t h Sc i e n c e s ,Fa c u l t yo fEd u c a t i o n ,Th eYo k o h a maNa t i o n a lUn i v e r s i t y ;Ts u t omu Se n a h a ,Ko s h o Ka mi y a ,Ya s u s h iZa h aa n d Ts ut omuMi ya gi ,t heOki na waPr e f e c t ur a lMus e um;a ndSa c hi ko Ch i n e n ,t h eOk i n a waPr e f e c t u r a lMu s e u ma n dAr tMu s e u m,f o r a r r a n g i n gf o s s i ls p e c i me n si np r o p r i e t y .Wea r ei n d e b t e dt of i n a n c i a ls u p p o r tf r om t h eNa n k a iSc h o l a r s h i pFu n d ,Ta k a ma t s u , J a p a n .. Ref er ences Ao k i ,B （1 .9 1 5 ）:Mu r i dRo d e n t so fJ a p a n .Zo o l o g i c a lSo c i e t yo fJ a p a n ,8 8 p p （i .nJ a p a n e s e ） Ch a i ma n e e ,Y （1 .9 9 8 ）:Pl i o Pl e i s t o c e n eRo d e n t so fTh a i l a n d .Th a iS t u d i e s i nBi o d i v e r s i t y ,3 :1 3 0 3 . El l e r ma n ,J .R （1 .9 61 ）:Th eFa u n ao fI n d i ai n c l u d i n gPa k i s t a n ,Bu r ma ,a n d Ce y l o n .Ma mma l i （ a2 n dEd i t i o n）.Vo l .3 ,Pa r t2 .Th eMa n a g e ro fPu b l i c a t i o n s ,De l h i ,p . 4 8 3 8 8 4 .. 25. g eo fc h a r c o a lf r om Pi n z a Ab uCa v e ,d e p o s i t s , Ha ma d a ,T （1 .9 8 5 ）:14C a Mi y a k oI s l a n d ,Ok i n a wa ,J a p a n .I nDe p a r t me n to fEd u c a t i o n ,Ok i n a wa Pr e f e c t ur a lGove r nme n （e t d. ）Pi nz a Ab（ uRe p.Exc a v .Pi nz a AbuCa ve . De p a r t ome n to fEd u c a t i o n ,Ok i n a waPr e f e c t u r a lGo v e r nme n t ,p . 1 8 0 （i .n J a p a n e s e ） Ha s e g a wa ,Y （1 .9 8 5 a ）:No t eo n Ca r n i v o r a ,Ch i r o p t e r aa n dl a r g e rr a t （Di p l o t h r i x ）f r o m Pi n z a Ab uCa v e , Mi y a k oI s l a n d ,Ok i n a wa ,J a p a n . I nDe p a r t me n to fEd u c a t i o n ,Ok i n a waPr e f e c t u r a lGo v e r nme n （e td . ） Pi n z a Ab u （Re p .Ex c a v .Pi n z a Ab uCa v e .De p a r t o me n to fEd u c a t i o n , Ok i n a waPr e f e c t u r a lGo v e r nme n t ,p . 8 3 9 1 （i .nJ a p a n e s e ） Ha s e g a wa ,Y （1 .9 8 5 b ）:Co n c l u s i o n .I nDe p a r t me n to fEd u c a t i o n ,Ok i n a wa Pr e f e c t u r a l Go v e r nme n （e td . ）Pi n z a Ab （Re u p . Ex c a v . Pi n z a Ab u Ca v e .De p a r t ome n to fEd u c a t i o n ,Ok i n a waPr e f e c t u r a lGo v e r nme n t , p . 1 8 1 1 8 4 （i .nJ a p a n e s e ） Ha s e g a wa ,Y. ,No h a r a ,T. ,No k a r i y a ,H. ,a n dOn o ,K （1 .9 7 8 ）:Pr e l i mi n a r y r e p o r t so nt h e2 n ds u r v e yo fPl e i s t o c e n ec a v ed e p o s i t sf r om Go h e z u l i me s t o n ec a v e ,I eI s l a n d ,Ok i n a wa ,J a p a n .Re p o r t so nt h ec u l t u r a l a s s e t so fI e s o n （Ed u c a t i o n a lCo mmi t t e eo fI e s o n）（5 , ）:8 1 7 ,2 3 5 0 . （i nJ a p a n e s e ） Hu J i n Zh ua n d Wa n g Yo u z （e id s . （1 ） 9 8 4 ）:Si c h u a n Fa u n aEc o n omi c a . Vo l .2 .Ma mma l s .Th eSi c h u a nSc i e n c ea n dTe c h n o l o g yPu b l i s h e r , Ch e n g d u （i .nCh i n e s e ） J a c obs ,L.L （1 . 978）:Fos s i lr ode nt （R s hi z omyi da ea ndMur i da e ）f r om Ne oge ne Si wa l i kDe p o s i t s ,Pa k i s t a n .Mu s e u mo fNo r t h e r nAr i z o n aPr e s s .Fl a g s t a f f ,Bu l l . ,5 2 :1 1 0 3 . Ka n e k o ,Y （2 .0 0 7 ）:Mu r i d a e .I nAb e ,H （e .d . ）A g u i d et ot h ema mma l so f J a p a n .2 n dr e v i s e de d .Th eTo k a iUn i v e r s i t yPr e s s ,Ha d a n o s h i ,,p . 1 1 5 1 1 7 ,1 2 5 1 4 6a n d1 7 0 1 8 9 . Ka n e k o ,Y.a n dHa s e g a wa ,Y （1 .9 9 5 ）:Somef o s s i la r vi c o l i dr o d e n t sf r om t h ePi n z a Ab uCa v e ,Mi y a k oI s l a n d ,t h eRy u k y uI s l a n d s ,J a p a n .Bu l l . Bi o g e o g r .S o c .J a p a n,5 0 :2 3 3 7 . Ka wa mu r a ,Y （1 .9 8 9 ）:Qu a t e r n a r yr o d e n tf a u n a si nt h eJ a p a n e s eI s l a n d s （Pa r t 2）.Me m.Fac .Sc i . ,Ky ot oUni v e r s i t y .Se r .Ge ol ogyandMi ne r al ogy , 5 4 :1 2 3 5 ,p l s . 1 2 6 . Ki mur a ,M. （1996）:Qua t e r na r ypa l e oge ogr a phyoft heRyukyuAr c .J . Ge ogr aphy , 1 0 5 :2 9 5 2 8 5 （i .nJ a p a n e s ewi t hEn g l i s ha b s t r a c t ） Ki mu r a ,M. （1 9 9 8 ）:Pa l e o g e o g r a p h yo ft h eRy u k y uI s l a n d s .I nOt s u k a ,H. （e d . ）Pr o g r a mmea n dAb s t r a c to fa nI n t e r n a t i o n a lSymp o s i um:Th e Ry u k y uI s l a n d s―Th eAr e n ao fAd a p t i v eRa d i a t i o no fI s l a n dFa u n a . Ka g o s h i maUn i v e r s i t y ,Ka g o s h i m（ ac i t e db y Ot s u k aa n d Ta k a h a s h i , 20 0 0 ）,p . 9 1 0 . Ki z a k i ,K.a n d Os h i r o ,I （1 .9 7 7 ）:Pa l e o g e o g r a p h yo ft h eRy t k y u［s i c ］ I s l a n d s .Ma r i n eS c i e n c eMo n t h l y ,9 :5 4 2 5 4 9 （i .nJ a p a n e s ewi t hEn g l i s h a b s t r a c t ） Ko wa l s k i ,K.a n dHa s e g a wa ,Y （1 .9 7 6 ）:Qu a t e r n a r yr o d e n t sf r om J a p a n . Bu l l .Na t n .S c i .Mu s . ,S e r .C （Ge o l . ）,（ 21 ）:3 1 6 6 . Ma t u u r a ,S （1 .9 8 5 ）:Fl u o r i n ed e t e r mi n a t i o na n dr a c e mi z a t i o na n a l y s i so f f o s s i lb o n e sf r om Pi n z a Ab uCa v e ,Mi y a k oI s l a n d ,Ok i n a wa ,J a p a n .I n De p a r t me n to f Ed u c a t i o n ,Ok i n a wa Pr e f e c t u r a lGo v e r nme n （e td . ） Pi n z a Ab u （Re p .Ex c a v .Pi n z a Ab uCa ve .De p a r t ome n to fEd u c a t i o n , Ok i n a waPr e f e c t u r a lGo v e r nme n t ,p . 1 7 7 1 7 9 . （i nJ a p a n e s e ） Mi l l e r ,G.S. ,J r . （1 9 1 2 ）:Ca t a l o g u eo ft h eMa mma l so fWe s t e r nEu r o p e （Eu r o p ee x c l u s i v eo fRu s s i a ）i nt h ec o l l e c t i o no ft h eBr i t i s hMu s e um. Th eBr i t i s hMu s e um（Na t u r a lHi s t o r y）,Lo n d o n （Re p r i n t e di n1 9 6 6） . Th eJ o h n s o nRe p r i n tCompa n yLTD. ,Ne wYo r ka n dLo n d o n . Mi l l e r ,G.S. ,J r . （1942）:Zool ogi c a lr e s ul t soft heGe or geVa nde r bi l tSuma t r a n Ex p e d i t i o n ,1 9 3 6 1 9 3 9 .Pa r tV.Ma mma l sc o l l e c t e db yFr e d e r i c kA. Ul me r ,J r .o nSuma t r aa n dNi a s .Pr o c .Ac a d e myNa t .S c i .Ph i l a d e l p h i a, 9 4 :1 0 7 1 6 5 . Mu s s e r ,G.G. （1 9 7 1 ）:Th et a x o n omi cs t a t u so fRa t t u sd a mme r man iTh oma s a n d Ra t t u st o x iSo d y（Ro d e n t i a ,Mu r i d a e ）o fCe l e b e s .Be a u f o r t i a , 2 4 2 :2 0 5 2 1 6 . Mu s s e r ,G.G. （19 7 2 ）:I d e n t i t i e so ft a x aa s s o c i a t e dwi t hRa t t u sr a t t u s （Ro d e n t i a ,Mu r i d a e ）o fSumb aI s l a n d ,I n d o n e s i a .J .Ma mm. ,5 3 :8 6 1 8 6 5 . Mu s s e r ,G.G. （1 9 8 1 ）:Re s u l t so ft h eAr c h b o l dEx p e d i t i o n s .No .1 0 5 .No t e s o ns y s t e ma t i c so fI n d o Ma l a y a nMu r i dr o d e n t s ,a n dd e s c r i p t i o n so f.\n(12) 26. KAWAGUCHISa t os hi ,KANEKO Yu k i b u mia n dHASEGAWA Yo s h i k a z u. n e wg e n e r aa n ds p e c i e sf r om Ce y l o n ,Su l a we s i ,a n dt h ePh i l i p p i n e s . Bu l l .Ame r .Mu s .Na t .Hi s t . ,1 6 8 :2 25 3 3 4 . Mu s s e r , 0G.G. （1 9 8 2 ）:Th eTr i n i lr a t s .Mo d .Qu a t e r n a r yRe s .S EAs i a ,7 : 6 5 8 5 . Mus s e r ,G.G. （1984）:I de nt i t i e sofs ubf os s i lr a t sf r om c a ve si nSout hwe s t e r n Su l a we s i .Mo d .Qu a t e r n a r yRe s .S EAs i a ,8 :6 1 9 4 ,p l s . 1 1 2 . Mu s s e r ,G.G.a n dCa l i f i a ,D. （1 9 8 2 ）:Re s u l t so ft h eAr c h b o l dEx p e d i t i o n s . No .1 0 6 .I d e n t i t i e so fr a t sf r om Pu l a uMa r a t u aa n do t h e ri s l a n d so f f Ea s tBo r n e o .Ame r .Mu s . No v i t a t e s ,2 7 2 6 :1 3 0 . Mus s e r .G.G.a ndCa r l e t on,M.D. （2005）:Supe r f a mi l yMur oi de a .I nWi l s on, D.E.a n dRe e d e r ,D. A. M. （e d s . ）Ma mma lSp e c i e so ft h eWo r l d :a Ta xonomi ca ndGe ogr a phi cRe f e r e nc e s .3r de d. ,Vol . 2.TheJ ohnsHopki ns Un i v e r s i t yPr e s s ,Ba l t i mo r e ,p . 8 9 4 1 5 3 1 . Mu s s e r ,G.G.a n dHe a n e y ,L.R. （1 9 8 5）:Ph i l i p p i n eRa t t u s :ane ws p e c i e s f r om t h eSu l uAr c h i p e l a g o .Ame r .Mu s .No v i t a t e s ,2 8 1 8 :1 3 2 . Mu s s e r ,G.G.a n dHo l d e n ,M.E. （19 9 1 ）:Su l a we s iRo d e n t s （Mu r i d a e : Mu r i n a e ）:Mo r p h o l o g i c a la n dg e o g r a p h i c a lb o u n d a r i e so fs p e c i e si n t h eRa t t u sh o f f ma n n ig r o u pa n dan e ws p e c i e sf r om Pu l a uPe l e n g .Bu l l . Ame r .Mu s .Na t .Hi s t . ,2 0 6 :3 2 2 4 1 3 . Mu s s e r ,G.G.a n dNe wc o mb ,C. （1 9 8 3 ）:Ma l a y s i a nmu r i d sa n dt h eg i a n tr a t o fSuma t r a .Bu l l .Ame r .Mu s .Na t .Hi s t . ,1 7 4 :3 2 7 5 9 8 . Mu s s e r ,G.G.a n dNe wc omb ,C. （1 9 8 5 ）:De f i n i t i o n so fI n d o c h i n e s eRa t t u s l o s e aa n dane ws p e c i e sf r om Vi e t n a m.Ame r .Mu s .No v i t a t e s ,2 8 1 4 :1 3 2 . Na mi e ,M. （1 9 0 9 ）:Sma l lma mma l sc o l l e c t e df r om t h ei s l a n d so fOk i n a wa a n dAma mi o s h i ma .Zo o l .Ma g . ,2 1 :4 5 2 4 5 7 . （i nJ a p a n e s e ） Os hi r o,I . （2001）:Ge ol ogi cs t udyofQua t e r na r yt e r r e s t r i a lve r t e br a t er e ma i ns f r om t h eRy u k y uI s l a n d s .Me mo r i a lCo l l e c t i o n so ft h er e t i r e me n to f Pr o f e s s o rAs a h i d eNo h a r a:3 7 1 3 6 . （i nJ a p a n e s ewi t hEn g l i s ha b s t r a c t ） Ot a ,H. （1 9 9 8 ）:Ge o g r a p h i cp a t t e r n so fe n d e mi s ma n ds p e c i a t i o ni na mph i b i a n sa n dr e p t i l e so ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n ,wi t hs p e c i a l r e f e r e n c et ot h e i rp a l e o g e o g r a p h i c a li mp l i c a t i o n s .Re s .Po p u l .Ec o l . , 4 0 :1 8 9 2 0 4 . Ot s u k a ,H.a n dTa k a h a s h i ,A. （2 0 0 0 ）:Pl e i s t o c e n ev e r t e b r a t ef a u n a si nt h e Ry u k y uI s l a n d s :t h e i rmi g r a t i o na n de x t i n c t i o n .Tr o p i c s ,1 0 :2 5 4 0 . Ra d u l e s c o ,C.a n dSa ms o n ,P . （1 9 7 3 ）:Su rl ad é c o u v e r t ed’u n ee s p è c en o u v e l l ed eMu r i d a é （Ro d e n t i a ,Ma mma l i a ）d a n sl ePl é s i t o c è n emo y e n d eRo uma n i e .Re v u eRo u ma i n ed eBi o l o g i e ,S .d eZo o l o g i e ,1 8 :1 8 5 1 8 4 . （i nFr e n c h） So k a l ,R.R.a n dRo h l f ,F .J . （1 9 7 3 ）:I n t r o d u c t i o nt oBi o s t a t i s t i c s .W.H. Fr e e ma na n dComp a n y ,Sa nFr a n c i s c oa n dLo n d o n （J a p a n e s ee d i t i o n wa st r a n s l a t e db yK.Fu j i ia n dwa sp u b l i s h e di n1 9 8 3b yt h eKy o r i t s u Pu bl i s h e r ,To k y o） So d y ,H.J .V. （1 9 4 1 ）:Onac o l l e c t i o no fr a t sf r om t h eI n d o Ma l a y a na n d I n d o Au s t r a l i a nRe g i o n s .Tr e u b i a ,1 8 :2 5 5 3 2 5 . Ta t e ,G.H.H. （1 9 5 1 ）:Re s u l t so ft h eAr c h b o l dEx p e d i t i o n s .No .6 5 .Th e Ro d e n t so fAu s t r a l i aa n dNe wGu i n e a .Bu l l .Ame r .Mu s .Na t .Hi s t . ,9 7 : 1 8 3 4 3 0 . Ta t e ,G.H.H.a n d Ar c hb o l d ,R. （1 9 3 5 ）:Re s u l t so ft h e Ar c h b o l d Ex p e d i t i o n s .No .2 .Twe l v ea p p a r e n t l yn e wf o r mso fRa t t u sf r om t h e I n d o Au s t r a l i a nRe g i o n .Ame r .Mu s .No v i t a t e s ,8 0 2 :1 1 0 . Ta y l o r ,J .M. ,Ca l a b y ,J .H.a n dv a nDe u s e n ,H.M. （1 9 8 2 ）:A r e v i s i o no f t h eg e n u sRa t t u s （Ro d e n t i a ,Mu r i d a e ）i nt h eNe w Gu i n e a nRe g i o n . Bu l l .Ame r .Mu s .Na t .Hi s t . ,1 7 3 :1 7 7 3 3 6 . Ta yl or ,J .M.a ndHor ne r ,B.E. （1973）:Re s ul t soft heAr c hbol dExpe di t i ons , No .9 8Sy s t e ma t i c so fn a t i v eAu s t r a l i a nRa t t u s （Ro d e n t i a ,Mu r i d a e ）. Bu l l .Ame r .Mu s .Na t .Hi s t . ,1 5 0 :11 3 0 . Tc he r nov ,E. （1968）:Suc c e s s i onofr ode ntf a una sdur i ngt heUppe rPl e i s t oc e ne o fI s r a e l .Ma mma l i aDe p i c t a,3 :1 5 2 p p . Te r z e a ,E. （1 9 7 3 ）:Le sg e n r e sRa t t u se tLe mmu s （Ro d e n t i a ,Ma mma l i a ） d a n sl ePl é i s t o c è n ed eRo uma n i e .Li v r ed uc i n q u e n t e n a i r ed el ’I n s t i t u t d eS p é l é o l o g i e“Emi l eRa c o v i t z a ”:4 2 7 4 3 6 . Thoma s ,O. （1898）:Ont hema mma l sobt a i ne dbyMr .J ohnWhi t e he a ddur i ng. h i sr e c e n te x p e d i t i o nt ot h ePh i l i p p i n e s .Tr a n s .Zo o l .S o c .Lo n d o n ,1 4 : 3 7 7 4 1 2 . Th o ma s ,O. （1 9 0 6 ）:Onas e c o n ds p e c i e so fLe n o t h r i xf r o mt h eLi uKi u I s l a n d s .An n .Ma g .Na t .Hi s t . ,Se r .7 ,1 7 :8 8 8 9 . Th o ma s ,O. （1 9 1 6 ）:Sc i e n t i f i cr e s u l t sf r om t h eMa mma lSu r v e y .No .XI I I . OnMu r i d a ef r om Da r j i l i n ga n dt h eCh i nHi l l s .J .Bo mb e yNa t .Hi s t . S o c . ,2 4 （3 ）:4 0 4 4 1 5 . To k u d a ,M. （1 9 4 1 ）:A r e v i s e dmo n o g r a p ho ft h eJ a p a n e s ea n dMa n c h o u Ko r e a nMu r i d a e .Tr a n s .Bi o g e o g r a p h i c a lS o c .J a p a n ,4 : 1 1 5 5 . To mi d a ,Y. ,Ot s u k aH. ,Uy e n o ,T.a n dSa k u r a ,H. （1 9 9 0）:Ano u t l i n eo f v e r t e b r a t ep a l e o n t o l o g i c a la n dp a l e o a n t h r o p o l o g i c a ls u r v e yi nTo k u n o s h i maa n dAma mi o s h i maI s l a n d s ,So u t h we s t e r nJ a p a n .Me m.Na t . S c i .Mu s . ,2 3 :1 7 3 1 8 3 . （i nJ a p a n e s ewi t hEn g l i s ha b s t r a c t ） Uj i i é ,H. （1 9 9 0 ）:Ge o l o g i c a lh i s t o r yo ft h eRy u k y ui s l a n dAr c .I nUj i i é ,H. （e d . ）Na t u r eo fOk i n a wa :Ge omo r p h o l o g ya n dGe o l o g y .Hi r u g i s h a , Na h a . （i nJ a p a n e s e ） Uj i i é ,H. ,Ta n a k a ,Y.a n dOn o ,T. （1 9 9 1 ）:La t eQu a r t e r n a r yp a l e o c e a n o g r a p h i cr e c o r df r om t h e mi d d l e Ry u k y u Tr e n c hs l o p e ,no r t h we s t Pa c i f i c .Ma r i n eMi c r o p a l e o n t o l o g y ,1 8 :1 1 5 1 2 8 . Zh e nBa i wua n dHa s e g a wa ,Y. （1 9 8 5）:Th ed i s c o ve r yo fCa p r e o l u s mi y a k o e n s i so nt h eMi y a k oI s l a n d .I nDe p a r t me n to fEd u c a t i o n ,Ok i n a waPr e f e c t u r a lGo ve r nme n t （e d . ）Pi n z a Ab u （Re p .Ex c a v .Pi n z a Ab uCa v e .De p a r t o me n to fEd u c a t i o n ,Ok i n a waPr e f e c t u r a lGo v e r n me n t ,p . 3 3 4 5 （i .nJ a p a n e s e ）. Appe ndi x Re g i s t r a t i o nn umb e ro ft h es p e c i me n se x a mi n e di nt h i ss t u d y Fo s s i ls p e c i me n s Ra t t usmi y a k o e ns i ss p .n o v . Le f tma x i l l awi t h mo l a rt e e t h :OPMFV-0 0 1 1 8 ,0 0 2 6 1 ,0 0 3 1 9 ,0 04 4 1 , 0 0 4 4 4 ,0 0 4 5 3 ,0 0 4 6 2 ,0 0 4 6 5 ,0 0 6 0 1 ,0 0 6 4 4 ,0 0 6 5 1 ,0 1 0 0 2 ,0 1 0 5 6 , 0 1 2 6 3 ,0 1 2 7 9 ,0 1 2 8 3 ,0 1 5 7 6 ,0 1 5 8 0,0 1 5 8 4 ,0 2 2 1 2 ,0 2 2 5 4 ,0 2 2 6 1 , 0 2 2 6 7 ,0 2 3 3 0 ,0 2 4 1 9 ,0 2 4 2 3 ,0 2 6 6 6 ,0 2 8 8 5 ,0 2 8 8 6 ,0 2 9 2 9 . Le f tma x i l l awi t ho u tmo l a rt e e t h :OPMFV-0 0 4 3 6 ,0 2 2 7 6 . Ri g h tma x i l l awi t hmo l a rt e e t h :OPMFV-0 0 0 9 1 ,0 0 0 9 2 ,0 0 0 9 5 ,0 0 0 9 7 , 0 0 0 9 8 ,0 0 0 9 9 ,0 0 2 5 3 ,0 0 4 8 0 ,0 0 4 9 3 ,0 0 5 9 2 ,0 1 0 2 3 ,0 1 0 2 4 ,0 1 0 5 0 , 0 1 0 9 6 ,0 1 1 0 2 ,0 1 1 0 8 ,0 1 1 1 0 ,0 1 1 1 3 ,0 1 22 6 ,0 1 2 5 2 ,0 1 2 5 9 （t h eh o l o t y p e ）,0 1 2 6 1 ,0 1 6 3 6 ,0 1 6 4 1 ,0 2 3 3 5 ,0 2 6 5 8 ,0 2 8 7 6 ,0 2 8 7 8 ,0 2 9 3 5 , 0 2 9 3 7 Ri g h tma x i l l awi t h o u tmo l a rt e e t h :OPMFV-0 0 3 5 3 ,0 0 4 8 5 ,0 0 4 9 2 ,0 1 0 9 0 , 0 1 6 4 4 ,0 2 1 8 5 ,0 2 1 9 7 ,0 2 1 9 9 ,0 2 2 1 9 ,0 2 2 80 . Le f tma n d i b l ewi t hmo l a rt e e t h :OPMFV-0 0 1 0 4 ,0 0 1 1 2 ,0 0 1 1 3 ,0 0 5 0 5 , 0 0 5 1 6 ,0 0 5 1 7 ,0 0 5 2 0 ,0 0 5 8 9 ,0 0 5 9 0 ,0 0 6 3 5 ,0 1 0 1 6 ,0 1 0 1 9 ,0 1 1 1 9 , 0 1 1 3 9 ,0 1 3 3 5 ,0 1 3 3 7 ,0 1 3 3 8 ,0 1 3 4 1 ,0 1 3 6 9 ,0 2 6 3 2 ,0 2 6 8 0 ,0 2 6 8 4 , 0 2 6 8 5 ,0 26 8 6 ,0 2 6 8 9 ,0 2 6 9 2 ,0 2 8 7 9 ,0 2 8 8 0 ,0 2 8 8 2 ,0 2 9 1 3 . Le f tma n d i b l ewi t h o u tmo l a rt e e t h :OPMFV-0 0 5 2 3 ,0 1 0 5 9 ,01 1 1 4 ,0 1 6 6 1 , 0 1 6 6 5 ,0 2 2 1 0 ,0 2 3 8 6 ,0 2 6 2 0 ,0 2 8 2 9 ,0 2 8 3 2 ,0 2 8 3 8 . Ri g h tma n d i b l ewi t hmo l a rt e e t h :OPMFV-0 00 7 8 ,0 0 0 8 3 ,0 0 0 8 6 ,0 0 0 9 3 , 0 0 2 7 8 ,0 0 2 7 9 ,0 0 2 8 3 ,0 0 2 8 6 ,0 0 4 3 1 ,0 0 5 3 2 ,0 0 6 1 4 ,0 0 6 1 6 ,0 0 6 2 3 , 0 1 1 5 3 ,0 1 4 5 1,0 1 4 9 7 ,0 1 5 0 0 ,0 1 5 0 1 ,0 1 5 1 5 ,0 1 6 1 1 ,0 2 0 0 4 ,0 2 0 0 7 , 0 2 3 0 3 ,0 2 3 0 5 ,0 2 4 6 3 ,0 2 6 8 7 ,0 2 8 5 5 ,0 2 9 0 1 ,0 2 9 3 8 ,02 9 3 9 . Ri g h tma n d i b l e wi t h o u tmo l a rt e e t h :OPMFV-0 0 3 3 3 ,0 1 2 9 9 ,0 1 3 0 5 , 0 1 4 5 0 ,0 1 4 5 2 ,0 1 4 7 5 ,0 2 0 2 2 ,0 2 0 3 8,0 2 4 7 2 ,0 2 5 0 1 ,0 2 6 2 7 . Pa r i e t a lb o n e s ,f r o n t a lb o n e s ,a n di n t e r p a r i e t a lb o n e :OPMFV-0 2 9 0 4 Li v i n gs p e c i me n s Di p l o t hr i xl e g a t a Sk u l l :NSMTM8 4 2 6 ,8 8 1 5 ,9 2 1 8 ,9 5 3 9 ,1 0 1 9 8 ,1 1 4 5 9 ,1 4 3 7 6 ,2 8 6 6 6 , 3 4 3 2 5 （t h eh o l ot y p eo fMu sb o we r s i iv a r .o k i n a v e n s i sNa mi e ,1 9 0 9）; OPM n on umb e r ;BM 5 . 1 1 . 3 . 4 1 （t h eh o l o t y p eo fLe n o t h r i xl e g a t aTh o ma s ,1 9 0 6 .Th eme a s u r e me n t so ft h i sh o l o t y p ei sn o ti n c l u d e di nt a b l e s 1 3 ..\n(13) Ane wf os s i lmu r i ner ode ntf r o mt h eMi y a k oI s l a n do ft h eRy u k y uAr c h i p e l a g o ,J a p a n. 27. Pl at e1 Oc c l us a lvi e ws （AB）oft her i ghtma xi l l a ewi t hamo l a rr ow （A）,o c c l u s a lv i e wso ft h ea l v e o l io ft h er i g h tma x i l l a e ,l a t e r a lv i e ws （CD）oft he r i g h tma ndi bl ewi t hamo l a rr ow （C）a ndwi t houtmo l a r s （D）,ado r s a lv i e wo ft h ec r a n i u mp a r t （E）a n dal a t e r a lv i e wo fn a s a la n dp r e ma xi l l a e wi t ht hei nc i s or s （F）oft hef os s i lRat t usmi y ak oe ns i s .Oc c l u s a lp a t t e r n so ft h er i g h tu p p e rmo l a r s （G）a n dt h er i g h tl o we rmo l a r s （H） oft hef os s i lRat t usmi y ak oe ns i s .A:OPMFV01259 （t hehol ot ype ）,B:OPMFV0 1 0 9 0 ,C:OPMFV0 1 1 5 3 ,D:OPMFV0 2 0 2 2 ,E:OPMFV02904,F: OPMFV02906. G:OPMFV01259 （t hehol ot ype ）,H:OPMFV0 1 1 5 3 .. 琉球列島宮古島ピンザアブ洞窟で発掘された新種のネズミ亜科化石 川口 敏1・金子之史2・長谷川善和3 1. 香川県さぬき市鴨庄9 9 4 6. 2. 香川県坂出市高屋町5 0 2 -４ 3 群馬県立自然史博物館. 要旨：齧歯目ネズミ科ネズミ亜科のRa t t u s 属の化石新種を記載した．記載に当たっては沖縄島 と奄美大島産の現生固有種であるケナガネズミDi p l o t h r i xl e g a t aと比較した．このネズミ亜科化 石は1983年に琉球列島宮古島のピンザアブ洞窟から発掘され，更新世後期とされるものであ る． キーワード：ネズミ亜科，ミヤコムカシネズミ，ケナガネズミ，ピンザアブ洞，洞窟堆積物，宮古島，琉球列島，後期更新世.\n(14) 28. KAWAGUCHISa t os hi ,KANEKO Yu k i b u mia n dHASEGAWA Yo s h i k a z u. Pl at e1.\nダウンロード ( - 14 Page - 773.98KB)\nNew record of Cophinopoda chinensis (Diptera: Asilidae) from the Miyako Islands,...\nDespite its wide distribution, the species have been only disjunctly known from Okinawa Island and the Yaeyama Islands (i.e. Ishigaki Island and Iriomote Island) among dozens of\n[2010-2011 WTO Case Review Series No.4]Australia—Measures Affecting the Importat...\nで問題となった、 「輸入リスク分析報告書（Final Import Risk Analysis Report for Apples） （以下 IRA）」を 2006 年 11 月に最終的に公表（パネル\n"The New Development of Dispersed Production System: A Case from the Japanese To...\nThe Sea of Japan : Influences on the Evolution of Japanese Civilization and Envi...\nI suppose that this characteristic change of stone implements around 33,000 years BP was closely related with the environmental transition from an oceanic to a\nPrefecture，Japan．TheQuaternaryRes．，16：13−17． （inJapanesewithEnglishabstract）・ Hasegawa，Y．，H．OtsukaandT．Naohra・1973・\niv Kamite, Y., H. Yoshitomi & M. Hayashi: A Remarkable New Species of the Genus...\nCONTENTS 目 次 Ando, K.: A New Species of the Genus Menimus Sharp (Coleoptera, T...\nA List of Hemiptera in the Borodino (Daitô) Islands, Ryukyu: University of the R...\nA List of Delphacidae in the Ryukyu Islands (Hemiptera): University of the Ryuky...\nFlora of Rust Fungi in the Ryukyu Archipelago: University of the Ryukyus Reposit...\n106 S. Hatusima: New and Noteworthy Plants from the Ryukyu Islands and Formosa I...\nTwo poorly known species of the genus Hyastenus White, 1847 (Decapoda: Brachyura...


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MSE, CCC-SLP 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176 501-941-5630 235Z00000X 1295870335\nOTHER AR BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD : 5U781\nHanson, Mrs. Karen 1500 Wilson Loop Road Ward AR 72176 501-941-5630 235Z00000X 1376679845\nMEDICAID AR : 172702721\nHargrove, Dr. Stacy Mcclain PHARM.D. 55 Mill Creek Cv Ward AR 72176-8590 501-843-9200 183500000X 1285817437\nHayden, Nicholas 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-941-5630 225X00000X 1609204148\nMEDICAID AR : 129943721\nHill, Kaitlin Tate M.S, CF-SLP 21 Mattie Lene Dr Ward AR 72176-8752 870-844-0625 235Z00000X 1740891035\nHimmelman, Nicole C 1500 Wilson Loop Rd Ward AR 72176 501-941-5630 225100000X 1184865677\nMEDICAID AR : 175564721\nImme, Amy Marie 1570 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-843-9601 235Z00000X 1235469289\nJansen, Heidi Nicole M.S. 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176 501-941-5630 235Z00000X 1598890964\nOTHER BCBS # : 5U635\nJones, Brittany 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-941-5630 225100000X 1952701021\nMEDICAID AR : 204655721\nJones, Olivia Hope 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-588-3211 235Z00000X 1750722021\nMEDICAID AR : 202746721\nKamarunas, Miss Rachel O.T. 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-588-3211 225XP0200X 1871876086\nMEDICAID AR : 190648721\nKiefer, Amber 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-5005 501-941-5630 235Z00000X 1477828978\nMEDICAID AR : 191035721\nLadd, Brittany 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-941-5630 225100000X 1548698129\nMEDICAID AR : 199006721\nLinton, Kristin 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-588-3211 235Z00000X 1629587365\nLobsiger, Stephanie Nicole PTA 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-941-5630 225200000X 1811529589\nLovell, Emily C 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176 501-941-5630 225X00000X 1609044882\nMann, David 117 Foxwood Ln Ward AR 72176-9448 501-605-6103 314000000X 1871953331\nMassie, Mrs. Miranda 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-588-3211 225X00000X 1538295001\nMEDICAID AR : 163340721\nMccrory, Mrs. Barbara Greer CCC-SLP 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176 501-941-5630 235Z00000X 1912057985\nMEDICAID AR : 201786721\nMcgee, Margaret 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176 501-941-5630 225100000X 1619292778\nMEDICAID AR : 155605721\nMcivor, Shannon 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176 501-941-5630 225100000X 1598075426\nMEDICAID AR : 183417721\nPearrow, Bethany Shea 1570 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-843-9601 235Z00000X 1154650828\nPeters, Holly 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-588-3211 225100000X 1063889095\nMEDICAID AR : 209965721\nPolk, Garrett 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176-8656 501-941-5630 225X00000X 1407285406\nMEDICAID AR : 199468721\nPowell, Mrs. Karen Lynn 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176 501-941-5630 235Z00000X 1891839494\nOTHER AR BCBS : 5X320\nRankin, Jamye SLP 1500 Wilson Loop Ward AR 72176 501-941-5630 235Z00000X 1245265172\nMEDICAID AR : 134152721 || OTHER AR BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD : 5U637


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scop roudour – Scop Roudour\nVous souhaitez apprendre la langue bretonne ? Nous répondons à vos questions\nVous avez envie d’apprendre la langue bretonne mais ne savez pas quelle formation répond à vos besoins ? Nous répondons à vos questions. Nous proposons deux modules d’apprentissage en formation intensive de 35h par semaine pendant six mois pour apprendre les bases de la langue bretonne et trois mois de perfectionnement. La prochaine session de […]\nDécouvrez Le Grand Manger, ce nouveau projet social et solidaire au Faouët qui communique en breton\nCela fait des années que Claire Perrot a rêvé d’un projet comme Le Grand Manger, un endroit qui réunit les initiatives locales au Faouët, une commune morbihannaise de 2 700 habitants. Le Club Segal Kreiz Breizh, dont plusieurs salariés de la scop Roudour font partie, a soutenu financièrement le projet : il permet de créer […]\nTri staj war ar brezhoneg a vo e Kemper, Lesneven hag en Henbont e-pad vakansoù an nevez-amzer / Trois stages de breton auront lieu à Quimper, Lesneven et Hennebont pendant les vacances de Printemps\nDeuit da zeskiñ brezhoneg en un doare plijus hag efedus gant Roudour ! Tri staj war ar brezhoneg a vo e Kemper, Lesneven hag en Henbont e-pad vakansoù an nevez-amzer. Kinniget e vo ur staj e-pad ur sizhun e kreizennoù stummañ Kemper, Lesneven hag an Henbont e-pad vakansoù an nevez-amzer. Eus an 11 a viz […]\nAdalek an 28 a viz Meurzh e krogo hor stummadur barrekaat war ar brezhoneg en hor 6 kreizenn stummañ (Karaez, Montroulez, Lesneven, Kemper, Lannuon hag An Henbont) ! 👉 Pal ar stummadur-mañ eo pinvidaat barregezhioù an holl vrezhonegerien, dre gomz ha dre skrid. 35 eurvezh ar sizhun e vo e-pad tri miz. Digor d’an holl […]\nApprenez le breton grâce à la musique, au dessin et au théâtre !\nC’est l’une des techniques de l’Apprentissage Accéléré mises en place au sein de nos formations à Roudour : la suggestopédie. Mise en place par le psychiatre bulgare Georgi Lozanov en 1966, cette technique permet de vous faire mémoriser rapidement le vocabulaire d’une nouvelle langue et ses tournures de phrases grâce à la musique, aux gestes […]\nDeskiñ pe gwellaat ho prezhoneg a fell deoc’h ? A-benn div sizhun e vo kinniget ur staj e-pad ur sizhun e Kemper gant Roudour ! E-pad vakansoù an diskar-amzer e vo eus ar 25 a viz Here d’an 29 a viz Here. En hor c’hreizenn stummañ (2 straed Meilh Melwenn) e vo. An doare efedusañ […]\n💻 Vous avez envie d’apprendre le breton mais n’avez ni le temps de suivre une formation intensive pendant six mois ni celui d’aller aux cours du soir ? Nous vous proposons une formation hybride pour personnes débutantes à Hennebont qui commencera début octobre ! L’intérêt de cet apprentissage ? Un apprentissage adapté à votre emploi […]


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Station info for TSASVRFHA – Google Maps APRS\nAPRS object TSASVRFHA - show graphs\n35°22.80' N 96°22.20' W - locator EM15TJ51OE - show map - static map\n5.2 miles Southwest bearing 225° from Okemah, Okfuskee County, Oklahoma, United States [?]\n10.1 miles Southeast bearing 141° from Boley, Okfuskee County, Oklahoma, United States\n57.5 miles South bearing 202° from Tulsa, Tulsa County, Oklahoma, United States\n64.8 miles East bearing 95° from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, United States\n2020-03-19 12:04:35 EDT (306d 5h4m ago)\n2020-03-19 11:04:35 CDT local time at Okemah, United States [?]\nTSASVR01A TSASVR02A TSASVR03A TSASVR09A TSASVR0AA TSASVR0BA TSASVR0cA TSASVR0DA TSASVR0eA TSASVR0FA TSASVR0hA TSASVR0IA TSASVR0KA TSASVR0lA TSASVR0nA TSASVR0PA TSASVR0qA TSASVR0rA TSASVR0sA TSASVR0tA TSASVR0uA TSASVR0vA TSASVR0xA TSASVR0YA TSASVR10A TSASVR12A TSASVR16A TSASVR17A TSASVR18A TSASVR1aA TSASVR1BA TSASVR1CA TSASVR1DA TSASVR1EA TSASVR1GA TSASVR1IA TSASVR1JA TSASVR1kA TSASVR1LA TSASVR1mA TSASVR1nA TSASVR1oA TSASVR1pA TSASVR1pB TSASVR1QA TSASVR1rA TSASVR1SA TSASVR1tA TSASVR1uA TSASVR1VA TSASVR1wA TSASVR1YA TSASVR20A TSASVR24A TSASVR26A TSASVR27A TSASVR2AA TSASVR2BA TSASVR2dA TSASVR2EA TSASVR2fA TSASVR2GA TSASVR2hA TSASVR2IA TSASVR2JA TSASVR2lA TSASVR2oA TSASVR2PA TSASVR2rA TSASVR2TA TSASVR2uA TSASVR2wA TSASVR2YA TSASVR30A TSASVR32A TSASVR34A TSASVR37A TSASVR3aA TSASVR3bA TSASVR3eA TSASVR3FA TSASVR3gA TSASVR3JA TSASVR3mA TSASVR3nA TSASVR3OA TSASVR3rA TSASVR3TA TSASVR3xA TSASVR4AA TSASVR4eA TSASVR4HA TSASVR4iA TSASVR4kA TSASVR4NA TSASVR4OA TSASVR4vA TSASVR4XA TSASVR5DA TSASVR5FA TSASVR5IA TSASVR5oA TSASVR5pA TSASVR5rA TSASVR5SA TSASVR5uA TSASVR5wA TSASVR61A TSASVR6dA TSASVR6hA TSASVR6LA TSASVR6NA TSASVR6oA TSASVR6QA TSASVR6xA TSASVR7eA TSASVR7FA TSASVR7gA TSASVR7nA TSASVR7rA TSASVR7WA TSASVR7XA TSASVR84A TSASVR86A TSASVR8eA TSASVR8iA TSASVR8MA TSASVR8NA TSASVR8QA TSASVR8RA TSASVR8sA TSASVR8tA TSASVR8ZA TSASVR93A TSASVR9hA TSASVR9JA TSASVR9NA TSASVR9rA TSASVR9XA TSASVRA3A TSASVRA7A TSASVRAAA TSASVRAbA TSASVRAcA TSASVRAjA TSASVRAmA TSASVRARA TSASVRAZA TSASVRB3A TSASVRB4A TSASVRB9A TSASVRBAA TSASVRBbA TSASVRBDA TSASVRBEA TSASVRBGA TSASVRBiA TSASVRBSA TSASVRBUA TSASVRBwA TSASVRC0A TSASVRC1A TSASVRCCA TSASVRCdA TSASVRD8A TSASVRDBA TSASVRDfA TSASVRDGA TSASVRDHA TSASVRDJA TSASVRDMA TSASVRDpA TSASVRDtA TSASVRDUA TSASVRE1A TSASVREiA TSASVREQA TSASVRERA TSASVRESA TSASVREvA TSASVREWA TSASVREZA TSASVRFeA TSASVRFgA TSASVRFIA TSASVRFpA TSASVRFQA TSASVRFxA TSASVRG2A TSASVRGEA TSASVRGGA TSASVRGhA TSASVRGjA TSASVRGLA TSASVRGRA TSASVRGsA TSASVRH3A TSASVRH7A TSASVRHDA TSASVRHDB TSASVRHQA TSASVRHUA TSASVRHVA TSASVRI5A TSASVRIeA TSASVRIgA TSASVRIhA TSASVRIkA TSASVRIRA TSASVRItA TSASVRIuA TSASVRJfA TSASVRJkA TSASVRJmA TSASVRJnA TSASVRJoA TSASVRJWA TSASVRJYA TSASVRKcA TSASVRKDA TSASVRKEA TSASVRKmA TSASVRKQA TSASVRKSA TSASVRKvA TSASVRL0A TSASVRL4A TSASVRL6A TSASVRLdA TSASVRLHA TSASVRLiA TSASVRLmA TSASVRLnA TSASVRLpA TSASVRLvA TSASVRLWA TSASVRLZA TSASVRM1A TSASVRM3A TSASVRM4A TSASVRM6A TSASVRMAA TSASVRMCA TSASVRMfA TSASVRMGA TSASVRMHA TSASVRMIA TSASVRMjA TSASVRMkA TSASVRMNA TSASVRMrA TSASVRMSA TSASVRMTA TSASVRMvA TSASVRMWA TSASVRMXA TSASVRN4A TSASVRN7A TSASVRN8A TSASVRN9A TSASVRNAA TSASVRNbA TSASVRNCA TSASVRNdA TSASVRNEA TSASVRNFA TSASVRNgA TSASVRNIA TSASVRNjA TSASVRNlA TSASVRNMA TSASVRNpA TSASVRNRA TSASVRNtA TSASVRNUA TSASVRNvA TSASVRNwA TSASVRNxA TSASVRNZA\nStations near current position of TSASVRFHA - show more\n11.9 miles 219° 2021-01-19 16:00:11\n11.9 miles 219° 2020-12-25 20:44:08\n12.3 miles 230° 2021-01-19 16:06:25\n12.3 miles 230° 2021-01-19 16:06:35\n17.6 miles 289° 2021-01-19 15:29:59\n23.9 miles 46° 2020-12-26 16:46:27\n31.4 miles 265° 2021-01-19 15:54:50\n31.4 miles 265° 2021-01-19 15:55:00\n32.7 miles 61° 2021-01-12 03:42:40\n33.1 miles 255° 2021-01-19 15:59:55\n33.1 miles 255° 2021-01-19 16:00:25


Pajenn:Le Gonidec - Bibl Santel pe Levr ar Skritur Sakr, eil levr.djvu/202 - Wikimammenn\nPajenn:Le Gonidec - Bibl Santel pe Levr ar Skritur Sakr, eil levr.djvu/202\nleûren a-ziavéaz dirâg ar c’hamprou, é dôa han̄ter-kan̄t ilinad a héd.\n8. Râg ann héd eûz a gamprou ann ten̄zor el leûren a-ziavéaz a ioa eûz a han̄ter kan̄t ilinad, hag hô hed, dirâk tal ann templ, eûz a gan̄t ilinad.\n9. Ha dindân ar c’hamprou-zé eûz ann ten̄zor éz oa eunn hen̄t war-zû ar sâv-héol, évid ar ré a zeûé dî eûz al leûren a-ziaveaz.\n10. É tevder moger al leûren a oa râg-énep da hen̄t ar sâv-héol, ouc’h tâl ann ti rannet, éz oa c’hoaz kamprou dirâg ann tî-zé.\n11. Eunn hen̄t a oa ivé dirâg ar ré-man̄, é-c’hîz ma oa dirâg ar c’hamprou a oa war-zû ann han̄ter-nôz ; hô héd a oa unvan, hag hô léd ivé ; hag ivé hô hen̄t, hag hô doaré, hag ho dôriou,\n12. Ével dôriou ar c’hamprou a oa enn hen̄t a zellé oud ar c’hrésteiz, ével-sé é oa ivé eunn ôr é penn ann hen̄t a oa dirâg ar porched rannet, évid ar ré a zeûé eûz ar sâv-héol.\n13. Hag hén̄ a lavaraz d’in : Kamprou ann han̄tez-nôz, ha kamprou ar c’hrésteiz, péré a zô dirâg ann tî rannet, ar ré-zé a zô kamprou san̄tel ; enn-hô eo é tebr ar véléien, péré a dôsta oud ann Aotrou er san̄tuar : énô eo é lékéon̄t ann traou san̄tel, hag ar c’hennig évid ar péc’hed hag évid ar gwall ; râg al léac’h a zô san̄tel.\n14. Pa vézô éat ar véléien ébarz, na zeûin̄t két er-méaz eûz al léac’h san̄tel el leûren a-ziavéaz, kén n’hô dévézô lézet énô ann diḻad gan̄t péré é réon̄t hô c’harg, rak san̄tel in̄t ; hag hî a wiskô diḻad all, abarz m’az ain̄t é-touez ar bobl.\n15. P’en dôé peûr-ven̄tet ann tî a-ziabarz, é kasaz ac’hanoun dré ann ôr a zellé oud ar sâv-héol : hag hén̄ a ven̄taz ann héd a bép tû trô-war-drô.\n16. Hén̄ a ven̄taz éta tû ar sâv-héol gan̄d ar gorsen-ven̄t, pemp kan̄t korsennad-ven̄t trô-war-drô.\n17. Hag hén̄ a ven̄taz tû ann han̄ter-nôz, pemp kan̄t korsennad-ven̄t trô-war-drô.\n18. Hag hén̄ a ven̄taz tû ar c’hrésteiz, pemp kan̄t korsennad-ven̄t trô-war-drô.\n19. Hag hen̄ a ven̄taz tû ar c’hûs-héol, pemp kan̄t korsennad-ven̄t trô-war-drô.\n20. Hag hén̄ a ven̄tas ar voger a bép tû, hervez ar béder avel trô-war-drô, pemp kan̄t korsennad a héd, ha pemp kan̄t korsennad a léd, étré ar san̄tuar ha léac’h ar bobl.\nMen̄t ann aoter.\n1. Hag hén̄ a gasaz ac’hanoun étrézég ann ôr a zellé oud ar sâv-héol.\n2. Ha chétu gloar Doué Israel a zeûaz diwar-zû ar sâv-héol ; hag hé mouéz a oa ével trouz kalz doureier ; hag ann douar a luc’hé gan̄d hé veûrded.\n3. Hag ar wélédigez-sé a oa hen̄vel oud ann hini am bôé, pa zeûaz évit kolla ar géar : enn hévélep doaré en em ziskouézaz, ével ma em bôa hé wélet é-tal ster C’hobar : ha mé a gouézaz war va dremm.\n4. Ha meûrdez ann Aotrou a iéaz enn templ dré ann ôr a zellé oud ar sâv-héol.\n5. Hag ar spéred a zavaz ac’hanoun, hag am c’hasaz d’al leûren a ziabarz ; ha chétu é oa leûn ann tî gan̄t gloar ann Aotrou.\n6. Hag é kleviz anézhan̄ ô komza ouz-in eûz ann tî ; hag ann dén a oa enn hé zâ em c’hichen,\n7. A lavaraz d’in : Mâb dén, aman̄ éma léac’h va zrôn, ha léac’h roudou va zreid, é péléac’h é chouminn é-kreiz bugalé Israel da-vikenn ; ha tî Israel na zaotrô mui va hanô san̄tel, nag hî nag hô rouéed, gan̄t hô gadélésiou, gan̄t bésiou hô rouéed, ha gan̄d al lec’hiou uc’hel.\n8. Hî hô deûz gréat hô dôr out va dôr, hag hô fostou out va fostou : eûr vôger a oa étré mé hag hî ; hag hî hô deûz saotret va hanô san̄tel gan̄d ann argarzidigésiou hô deûz gréat ; râk-sé em eûz hô bévézet em buanégez.\n9. Pellaen̄t éta bréman̄ hô gadélez, ha bésiou hô rouéed, ha mé a choumo bépréd enn hô c’hreiz.\nAdtapet diwar « https://br.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Pajenn:Le_Gonidec_-_Bibl_Santel_pe_Levr_ar_Skritur_Sakr,_eil_levr.djvu/202&oldid=163656 »\nKemmoù diwezhañ degaset d'ar bajenn-mañ d'an 14 Eos 2020, da 17:17.


1 Juan 1 CCO -  1 Juan -E˜ uiing˜ e calɨ́ˉ e - Bible Gateway\n1 Juan 1 Chinanteco de Comaltepec (CCO)\nE˜ uiing˜ e calɨ́ˉ e jiˋ la\n1 Lalab fɨ́ɨˉɨ ˈnʉ́ˈˋ e fɨˊ ni˜ jiˋ la cuaiñ˜ quiáˈˉ jaangˋ i̱ nɨseengˋ lají̱i̱ˈ˜ mɨ˜ nʉ́ˈˉguɨ nitɨro̱o̱ˇ jmɨgüíˋ. Jo̱ dseaˋ íˋ dseángˈˉ nɨcanʉ́ˆbaaˈ jial féˈrˋ, jo̱guɨ nɨcaneem˜baaˈr dseángˈˉ quiniˇnaaˈ lana, jo̱guɨ nɨcaléˆnaaˈ cuente e dseaˋ la jneaa˜aabˈ lɨ́ɨiñˊ, co̱ˈ quiá̱ˈˉ lanab nɨcalɨsé̱ˋnaaˈ có̱o̱ˈr˜ laˈóˈˋ jneaˈˆ, dseaˋ ooˉnaaˈ ta˜ quiáˈˉ Fidiéeˇ. Jo̱ dseaˋ íbˋ Dseaˋ Jmáangˉ i̱ cuøˊ e ee˜ dseaˋ lata˜ có̱o̱ˈ˜ Fidiéeˇ. 2 Jo̱ i̱ dseaˋ i̱ cuøˊ e jo̱ dseángˈˉ nɨcaˈéemˋ ˈñiaˈrˊ fɨˊ jmɨgüíˋ la, jo̱ nɨcaneem˜baaˈr, jo̱baˈ nɨcaníiˈ˜naaˈ júuˆ quiáˈˉ jaléˈˋ e nɨcaneˋnaaˈ quiáˈrˉ; jo̱guɨ lana guiaˋnaaˈ júuˆ jee˜ ˈnʉ́ˈˋ quiáˈˉ i̱ dseaˋ i̱ cuøˊ e ee˜ dseaˋ lata˜ có̱o̱ˈ˜ Fidiéeˇ do, jo̱ dseaˋ íbˋ cajo̱ i̱ caguáˋ fɨˊ ñifɨ́ˉ lamɨ˜ jéengˊguɨ có̱o̱ˈ˜ Tiquiáˈrˆ, jo̱guɨ i̱ Tiquiáˈrˆ do nɨcaˈéemˋbre dseaˋ do jee˜ jneaa˜aaˈ fɨˊ jmɨgüíˋ la. 3 Jo̱ lajo̱b júuˆ e guiaˋnaaˈ jee˜ ˈnʉ́ˈˋ quiáˈˉ lají̱i̱ˈ˜ e nɨcane˜naaˈ jo̱guɨ lají̱i̱ˈ˜ e nɨcanʉ́ˆnaaˈ quiáˈˉ dseaˋ íˋ, co̱ˈ ii˜naaˈ e ˈnʉ́ˈˋ seengˋnaˈ cøømˋ có̱o̱ˈ˜ jneaˈˆ laco̱ˈguɨ jneaˈˆ cøømˋ se̱e̱ˉnaaˈ có̱o̱ˈ˜ Tiquíˆiiˈ Fidiéeˇ dseaˋ guiing˜ ñifɨ́ˉ co̱lɨɨng˜guɨ có̱o̱ˈ˜ Jó̱o̱rˊ Dseaˋ Jmáangˉ. 4 Jo̱baˈ jmoˈˊnaaˈ jaléˈˋ e júuˆ la quíiˉnaˈ e laco̱ˈ nicuǿˉ e iáangˋ dsiˋnaaˈ laco̱ˈ sɨˈíˆ.\nFidiéeˇ lɨ́ɨiñˊ jaangˋ i̱ jɨngˈˋ jloˈˆ\n5 Jo̱ e lab e júuˆ e caˈeˈˊ Dseaˋ Jmáangˉ jneaˈˆ, jo̱ e jo̱b e éeˉnaaˈ ˈnʉ́ˈˋ lana, e Fidiéeˇ lɨ́ɨiñˊ jaangˋ i̱ jɨngˈˋ jloˈˆ, jo̱ jí̱i̱ˈ˜ capíˈˆ e nʉʉˋ sǿˈˋ jaˋ seaˋ quiáˈrˉ. 6 Jo̱ mɨ˜ féˈˋnaaˈ e cøømˋ se̱e̱ˉnaaˈ có̱o̱ˈ˜ Fidiéeˇ, jo̱guɨ dsʉˈ lajeeˇ jo̱ beáamˈ˜ dseeˉ yee˜naaˈ laco̱ˈguɨ la jmóoˋ i̱ dseaˋ i̱ seengˋ fɨˊ lɨ˜ nʉʉˋ sǿˈˋ, jo̱baˈ jmɨgǿømˋ yee˜naaˈ có̱o̱ˈ˜ e féˈˋnaaˈ do jóng, co̱ˈ jaˋ jmooˉnaaˈ laco̱ˈguɨ la iing˜ Fidiéeˇ e nijmóˆooˈ. 7 Dsʉˈ song se̱e̱ˉnaaˈ cøøngˋ có̱o̱ˈ˜ Fidiéeˇ i̱ jɨngˈˋ jloˈˆ do, jo̱baˈ cøømˋ se̱e̱ˉnaaˈ lajeeˇ laˈóˈˋ rúˈˋnaaˈ, dseaˋ lɨ́ɨˊnaaˈ dseaˋ quiáˈˉ Dseaˋ Jmáangˉ, jo̱guɨ nileámˋbaaˈ jee˜ dseeˉ quíˉiiˈ laˈeáangˊ có̱o̱ˈ˜ jmɨˈøøngˉ Jesús i̱ lɨ́ɨngˊ Jó̱o̱ˊ Fidiéeˇ e catu̱u̱ˋ mɨ˜ cajúiñˉ.\n8 Jo̱ mɨ˜ féˈˋnaaˈ e jaˋ dseeˉ røøˉnaaˈ jí̱i̱ˈ˜ co̱o̱ˋ, jo̱baˈ lɨ́ɨˊ lɨ́ˈˆ jmɨgǿøngˋ yee˜baaˈ jóng, co̱ˈ jaˋ léeˊeeˈ júuˆ jáˈˉ quiáˈˉ Fidiéeˇ. 9 Jo̱ dsʉˈ song jmooˉbaaˈ júuˆ røøˋ uii˜ quiáˈˉ jaléˈˋ dseeˉ quíˉiiˈ fɨˊ quiniˇ Fidiéeˇ, jo̱baˈ dseángˈˉ nɨsɨtaˇ dsiˋnaaˈ e guiʉ́bˉ éeˋ Fidiéeˇ có̱o̱ˈ˜ jneaa˜aaˈ, jo̱guɨ jmiti˜bre júuˆ quiáˈrˉ e íimˉbre jaléˈˋ dseeˉ quíˉiiˈ jo̱guɨ láaiñˋ jneaa˜aaˈ jee˜ jaléˈˋ e gaˋ e jmooˉnaaˈ. 10 Jo̱ dsʉˈ song féˈˋnaaˈ e jaˋ dseeˉ mɨˊ caˈeeˉnaaˈ jí̱i̱ˈ˜ co̱o̱ˋ, jo̱baˈ lɨ́ɨˊ e lafaˈ féˈˋnaaˈ e adseaamˋ Fidiéeˇ song lajo̱; jo̱ jaˋ léeˊeeˈ dseángˈˉ lajangˈˉ júuˆ jáˈˉ quiáˈˉ dseaˋ do song lajo̱b féˈˋeeˈ.