There is a pretty visible distinction between both, and this example displays one of the main uses of continuous present.
You are being a jerk Means that you're a jerk right now , on the matter at hand.
You are a jerk.
Is way more general and is used to express your opinion about the person.
However, you could say "you're such a jerk" on the moment because you're furious, but then not think so any more.
ell.stackexchange.com/users/34550/MadWard
You are being a jerk.
He/she is not a jerk, but at that time he/she is acting like one.
Or portraying the qualities of a jerk.
You are a jerk.
It's a fact.
The person is a jerk.
This can also mean that the person is acting like a jerk at the time of speaking.
Without context, it's not really possible to determine whether they have different or same meaning.
ell.stackexchange.com/users/20213/Usernew
Saying "You are" implies a quality that is deeply engrained in someone or rather a quality they have little to no control over and/or unable to change on demand.
Whereas saying "You are being" implies a quality that one could easily change at will.
Sometimes you can't refer to someone as "being", such as if you were to say, "You are tall.
" You couldn't say, "You are being tall" because that is not a quality that someone can easily change.
Saying of someone "You are a jerk" would be more insulting than saying "You are being a jerk".
ell.stackexchange.com/users/34717/Jody
" You are being " is happening right now.
The targeted individual is presently behaving the way described.
You are being silly. -- They are doing something silly right now.
You are being mean.
-- They are doing something mean right now.
You are being argumentative.
- They are being argumentative right now.
" You are " is what the targeted individual is in a broad, constant sense.
You are silly.
-- They aren't behaving in a silly way, they are a silly person.
You are mean. -- They aren't being mean, they are a mean person.
You are argumentative. -- They aren't arguing, they are an argumentative person.
ell.stackexchange.com/users/6002/pixiesquisher
You are being is about a continuous sentence
But You are is an information about that guy .
ell.stackexchange.com/users/34773/user163743
Imagine two people side by side, one a selfish Jerk and one who is compassionate.
Either one has the option of acting out a quality of the other, compassionate can be (are being) a jerk or selfish and the Jerk, although a Jerk, can be compassionate.
"Are being" or "being" does imply acting out "right now" and the implication is that you are still what you started out as.
ell.stackexchange.com/users/34815/Twill
Having a debate on whether "You are being a jerk" and "You are a jerk" have the same meaning in context. Are you calling someone a jerk if you state they are "being" a jerk or is the context that they are portraying qualities of a jerk?
What is the difference between "you are being" and "you are"?
ell.stackexchange.com
<meaning-in-context><tense><difference>
ell.stackexchange.com/questions/91015
ell.stackexchange.com/users/34708/krazkinkc
Without context, it's not really possible to determine whether they have different or same meaning. Saying "You are" implies a quality that is deeply engrained in someone. Whereas saying "You are being" implies a quality that may easily change.  You are being a jerk   means that you're a jerk  at the moment.   Saying  "You are a jerk" to someone would be more insulting than saying "You are being a jerk". Whether there is a difference in meaning depends on the context. However, as a general rule, "You are" attributes a constant, deeply engrained quality to the targeted person that they cannot change, a state they have no control over. "You are being" is used for a quality that can change, something that is happening right now and is not something permanent. Therefore, "You are a jerk" is more offensive than "You are being a jerk".
Whether there is a difference in meaning depends on the context. "You are" attributes a constant, deeply engrained quality to the targeted person that they cannot change, a state they have no control over. "You are being" is used for a quality that can change. "You are being" is used for something that is happening right now and is not something permanent. "You are a jerk" is more offensive than "You are being a jerk".