This may be a reference to an obscure "trend" from Scotland.
The Glasgow Stonner Kebab
"The Stonner", a 1,000-calorie, deep fried pork sausage kebab has been dubbed the most dangerous fast food in Britain.
The connection is that Vision and Scarlet Witch are hiding in Edinburgh, Scotland and they got to make a reference to a local 10+ year old fast food trend.
Reading the article, these are indeed deep fried and not very good for you.
Probably only Hulk or Cull Obsidian should eat one while everybody else sticks to Chicken Schwarma
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It just lets you know they are in Scotland.
If they were in Paris they might sit in a café somewhere that had the Eiffel Tower in view.
If they were in New York they might have yellow cabs going by or perhaps
if they wanted to indicate that they were in New York prior to 2001 they'd be somewhere
you could see the World Trade Centre.
All of these things let the audience get a sense of where in the world characters are.
While deep fried kebabs specifically are more of a Glasgow thing than an Edinburgh thing, Scots are well-known for their deep-frying of food that most people would not, so it serves as a signifier of the location just as a red double-decker bus would in London, and so on.
The St Andrew's Cross flag on the poster also serves the same story-telling purpose.
It's no different in this regard than Captain Rogers running laps past Sam Wilson at the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool in
The Winter Soldier telling us that the action is taking place in Washington DC, and so on, but people are making a bit more of a deal out of it because the Scottish fondness for deep-fried food, often already highly calorific and fatty even before it was fried, is something that amuses a lot of people already.
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Within about a minute of this scene, at 38:02 into the movie, the Vision is impaled through the chest by Corvus Glaive's spear.
Like a kebab.
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The scene is filmed in Edinburgh (this particular shot appears to be looking up Cockburn (pronounced coh-burn)
Street towards the Royal Mile, with other parts of the scene in the same area (including on the Royal Mile at the top of the street and Waverley Station at the bottom of it).
Throughout Scotland
the deep fried battered Mars Bar has become something of a meme (for good reason, they're delicious!)
in the last 20-30 years, with some fryers offering to deep fry anything from confectionery to Christmas dinners.
Some fryers are reluctant to fry chocolate (as it tends to come through the batter into the oil), but more will be prepared to fry savoury items (kebabs, pizzas).
(If you really want to maximise saturated fat intake, deep fried pizza whether battered or not is a good way to do so!)
Presumably this poster was put in shot to anchor the location as a Scottish city with a popular but not too cliched meme, (e.g. avoiding highland dress, bagpipes, haggis, heather and shortbread)
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As discussed in other answers, it appears to have been placed as a fun reference to Scottish food culture.
See this list from The Telegraph, which includes such things as deep fried pizza on a list of 'Scottish Delicacies', as an example of the view of Scottish food.
The takeaway shop unit was set up for the film and isn't genuine.
If you are looking for the fast food shop that promises to "deep fry your kebab", you will be sadly disappointed.
These signs were set up specifically for Avengers: Infinity War, and were promptly dismantled after filming wrapped up. from https://edinburgh.org/edinburgh-on-film/filmed-in-edinburgh/avengers-infinity-war
Here's a quote from VisitScotland regarding the sign:
“The Marvel films are well-known for their tongue-in-cheek humour and it’s great to see the filmmakers having fun and playing on Scotland’s real quirky culinary creation, the deep fried Mars Bar, which has enjoyed something of a cult following among visitors,” Film and Creative Industries manager Jenni Steele told us. from https://junkee.com/deep-fried-kebab-avengers/156362
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In  Avengers: Infinity War , we see a poster about Scotland's deep fried kebab for a significant amount of time:   Is there any significance to it? Or is it just random?  Note: Inspired from  CinemaSins
What was the significance of the deep fried kebab poster in Infinity War?
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<analysis><marvel-cinematic-universe><avengers-infinity-war><props>
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The poster of the deep fried kebab in Avengers: Infinity War is probably a meme used to anchor the acyion in Scotland. It is a reference to the Scottish culinary habit of deep frying anything which started with the Mars Bar. The Glasgow Stonner Kebab appears to be a reference to the scene being filmed in Edinburgh.
The Glasgow Stonner Kebab appears to be a reference to the scene being filmed in Edinburgh. The deep fried battered Mars Bar has become a popular meme in Scotland. Some fryers offer to deep fry anything from confectionery to Christmas dinners. Some are reluctant to fry chocolate, as it tends to come through the batter into the oil. The poster appears to have been placed as a fun reference to Scottish food culture. It appears to anchor the location as a Scottish city with a popular but not too cliched meme, (e.g. avoiding highland dress, bagpipes, haggis, heather and heather)