There are plenty of industrial uses for steam engines, mostly for generating electricity.
Any coal-fueled power station is a steam engine, or more likely a set of them.
The only big change in technology is that converting the steam's expansion energy to kinetic energy is now done using a steam turbine and not a piston engine.
Since the question specifically mentions railways, I suppose the mobile/transportation uses are the intended focus.
There are still some steam locomotives around, run by enthusiasts and mostly for tourists.
There are some in England, India and China that I know of, and probably some others as well.
For more practical uses, there are naval vessels which are steam powered.
In this case, of course, they also use steam turbines rather than piston engines.
Also, and I suppose this is a big change, they create the heat for the steam not by burning coal but by nuclear fission.
At heart, any nuclear-powered ship is running on steam.
history.stackexchange.com/users/517/Carmi
Nuclear power stations are steam engines, they just use a different source of energy to generate the steam from what you're probably thinking of.
So yes, steam engines are in widespread use around the planet.
history.stackexchange.com/users/1823/jwenting
Steam Engine :
A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.
Unless you are specifically referring to steam railway locomotives , a particular application of the steam engine, then yes steam engines are widely used as the most common worldwide means of producing electric power.
The particular class of steam engine most commonly used in this configuration is the steam turbine .
Modern re-invention of the steam railway locomotive is most likely to be considering advanced steam technologies .
Use as a replacement for the internal combustion engine for automotive use has also been researched in the recent past.
Research into applications for modern steam engines seems to have been motivated by a fear of drastically higher gasoline and diesel prices for internal combustion and diesel engines.
With the recent worldwide supply of shale-oil and shale-gas expected to glut the market for several decades, I expect research into non-stationary steam engines to abate.
history.stackexchange.com/users/2283/Pieter Geerkens
To my knowledge, there is one single cylinder steam engine at the Hook Norton Brewery in England, still working for it's living, and there are several Steam Boats around, such as the Paddle Wheeler Hjejlen in Denmark, and the SS Skjelskoer built in 1915, both are Coal Fired.
In Australia there are several Steam Driven Paddle Boats on the Murray River.
Most of these are Wood Burners.
history.stackexchange.com/users/14914/Poul Kirk
A large variety of preserved and rebuilt steam locomotives are still used on well over a hundred heritage railways in the UK, some well over 10 miles in length.
See the list of British Heritage and Private Railways On these lines, there are several hundred steam engines regularly used to provide regular timetabled services, especially from March to October, though Christmas 'Santa Specials' are also very popular.
Many of the services provide public transport possibilities as well, some of the preserved steam railways connecting with regular train services at junctions and termini.
Additionally, there are steam train services run on main lines and even new build and reconstructed express steam engines running for tourist and steam train enthusiasts.
Heritage steam railways play an important part in the economies of many areas in the UK , attracting large numbers of visitors who also use other services locally.
For example The small narrow gauge preserved Lynton and Barnstable Light Railway in North Devon, just a few miles long at present, is reckoned to provide a welcome injection of many millions of pounds into the local economy there.
history.stackexchange.com/users/21117/L Brown
The cog railway in NH still uses some steam locomotives to travel back and forth to the summit of Mt Washington.
Most have been replaced, but there is still one coal fired locomotive a day that makes the trip
history.stackexchange.com/users/15742/Paul
One of the engines on the Welsh Mount Snowdon Railway is a steam locomotive.
http://www.snowdonrailway.co.uk/
history.stackexchange.com/users/21039/Chris Bellis
Almost every 1 power station that produces electricity uses steam to power its turbines.
Only the heat source (of energy): burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, natural gas or using nuclear fission, is different.
That is why all power stations are located near a water source, so that they can have unlimited supply of water to heat.
There are some steam engines remaining operational in locomotives and boats around the world either for tourist attraction or for the lack of reach of new technology.
1.
Except the ones using directly renewable sources such as solar, sun and wave.
history.stackexchange.com/users/11920/Ziezi
From my knowledge, there is a steam engine locomotive still being used in India from Mettupalam to Ooty route.
It is always overbooked as many tourists still visit and take the train ride.it is a very pleasant trip and the site through the rail route is very beautiful.
history.stackexchange.com/users/34116/Vivek Menon
Are there any countries in which steam engines have a regular purpose, or are still dominant on the railway? When did they officially fade out of use in the western world?In Australia at least, they are being privately looked into again to make a comeback. Is this the case anywhere else?It's several questions, I know, but mainly anything related to the title.
Are steam engines still in regular use anywhere in the world?
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history.stackexchange.com/users/3881/Duncan
There is still a line in India that uses steam engines. There are also numerous lines that use steam for tourist travel and steam boats that operate in Australia. Yes, steam engines are used across the globe, such as in energy generation or to power paddle boats. However, specifically looking at steam railways, there are number around the world, and the UK has a number of well-preserved steam railways.
There are steam railways in many countries around the world, including the UK, USA, and India. The UK has a number of well-preserved steam railways. There are steam engines in use around the world that aren't necessarily used on the railways, including for boats and energy generation. Yes, steam engines are still used right across the globe.