Our family are members of the NRA.
If you're interested at all in where to hunt in the US, I would recommend both NRA online articles and their search tool here: National Rifle Association
The list includes locations and regulations for public hunting lands in just about every state.
outdoors.stackexchange.com/users/126/Clare Steen
The best way I have found, assuming you are in the USA, is to go to that state's DNR website.
They will have a map with all public land and what can be harvested from that land.
This
I found to be the most helpful starting point for finding public land.
From there the most helpful person you can find would be a local DNR agent.
They spend their time on the public land and are aware of the signs that a species is in abundance and if it is a good place to hunt.
Most regulars near public land will not be as helpful as you think because you are basically competing against them for the same resources.
They might say oh try "blah blah" but they most likely won't tell you specific places.
You would have better luck being friendly to a DNR field agent.
UPDATE:
If you a specifically looking to pay for the land one of the best places to check is craigslist.
When you do this a good question to ask is if you are going to be the only one hunting the land or if they are rent to multiple people on separate weekends.
It may cost more the get it exclusively but the game you are hunting will be less pressured and you should then have better luck.
outdoors.stackexchange.com/users/12/J Lundberg
Most of the National Forests are open to hunting -- but check first -- whereas most of the National Parks are not.
outdoors.stackexchange.com/users/180/Jason S
Ask Google. "public hunting land statename " will get some good references.
Also, most vacant property administered by the Corps of Engineers is open to hunting.
outdoors.stackexchange.com/users/61/xpda
Your best bet is asking enthusiasts, and you can find those simply by visiting your local guns and ammo store.
They generally get all the best insider knowledge as they are (probably) hunters themselves
and they talk with their customers.
outdoors.stackexchange.com/users/76/Justin Self
Probably the best, but not the cheapest solution is to get a GPS with a hunting map overlay.
These will show all sorts of things like, Hunting area boundaries Public lands Private land open to hunting (Walk-in areas)
Who owns what private land.
This can be useful is you have permission from one landowner, as the map will show what land that landowner owns.
It can also be useful when asking for permission.
See some of the different options here .
outdoors.stackexchange.com/users/8794/Charlie Brumbaugh
Are there any good resources out there for locating publicly available hunting land?  UPDATE: I should have stated that I'm looking for land in the US.  Also, I'm interested in any public land (government owned or otherwise).  Preferably, this land would be free to use, but depending on the circumstances I'd be willing to pay a fee.  I hope this helps clear up a few things.
Resources for finding public hunting land
outdoors.stackexchange.com
<hunting><united-states><resources>
outdoors.stackexchange.com/questions/436
outdoors.stackexchange.com/users/90/Ryan
Available hunting land can be identified using GPS with a hunting map overlay, NRA online articles, state DNR websites, or simply using Google. Asking other enthusiasts is a good way to find information. Most national Forests are open to hunting, as is most vacant property administered by the Corps of Engineers. You should ask enthusiasts, though most National Forests and vacant Corps of Engineers properties are open to hunting. GPS, Google, NRA and DNR websites may be consulted.
Google searches, GPS, NRA and DNR websites can be helpful.  Most national forests are open to hunting, as are vacant Corps of Engineers properties. You should ask enthusiasts.