A few that at least factor in "legal proceedings" in some form: ST: TOS - Court Martial [from @Bob] Kirk draws a court martial in the negligent death of a crewman.
ST:
TOS - The Squire of Gothos
Trelane was now a judge determined to sentence Kirk for the crimes of treason against a superior authority, conspiracy, and the attempt to foment insurrection ST:
TOS - Wolf in the Fold Kirk and the Enterprise Computer become detectives after Scotty is accused of murdering women on a pleasure planet.
ST:
TOS -
The Menagerie [from @Sarriesfan]
Spock kidnaps the crippled Capt.
Pike, hijacks the Enterprise and then surrenders for court martial.
ST:
Animated - The Magicks of Megas-Tu Lucien explains that some of the people of Megas-Tu did once visit Earth, and that most of the witches and magical beings of Earth lore were actually magicians from his homeworld.
The crew's use of magic, however, attracts the attention of other Megans, and Lucien is unexpectedly apprehended.
It turns out that Lucien is the only Megan to love Earthlings, and that other Megans were driven from Earth in 1691 during the Salem witch trials.
A Megan judge puts humanity on trial for their crass and “let's hang them witches” attitudes of centuries in the past.
As such, the Megans recreate a 1691 witch tribunal and put humanity and Lucien on trial ST: TNG - Encounter at Farpoint On the maiden mission of the U.S.S. Enterprise (NCC-1701-D), an omnipotent being known as Q challenges the crew to discover the secret of a mysterious base in an advanced and civilized fashion.
ST:
TNG -
The Drumhead An overzealous Starfleet admiral begins a witch-hunt aboard the Enterprise, determined to find a conspiracy, and eventually accusing Captain Picard of treason.
ST:
TNG - Sins of the Father
A Klingon commander comes aboard the Enterprise in an officer exchange program initiated by Starfleet, much to the chagrin of the crew.
ST:
TNG -
The First Duty Wesley Crusher's team has an accident at Starfleet Aacademy.
Picard offers to help a Starfleet investigation as to what happened, and begins to suspect they are hiding something.
ST:
TNG - The Measure of a Man [from @Bob]
When Data resigns his commission rather than be dismantled for examination by an inadequately skilled scientist, a formal hearing is convened to determine whether Data is considered property without rights or is a sentient being.
ST: TNG - Devil's Due
[from @OneWholeBurrito]
Ardra demands a planet honor a contract concluded 1,000 years ago..
Picard is told she is known by many names in various systems, all frightening and almost almighty, but he refuses to believe she's the planet's version of the Devil, and decides to challenge her legal claim.
ST: DS9 - Rules of Engagement When Worf destroys a civilian shuttle during an engagement with the Klingons, an extradition hearing is held to see if he must face charges.
ST: DS9 - Dax Jadzia Dax is accused of a murder her previous host, Curzon, supposedly committed.
ST: DS9 - Inquisition Dr. Bashir's plans to attend a medical conference at a breezy resort are canceled when Starfleet Intelligence boards DS9, suspecting the doctor of treason.
ST: DS9 - Tribunal
[from @Bob and comments]
Chief O'Brien goes through the horrific Cardassian judicial system when he is charged for an unknown crime.
ST:
VOY - Author, Author
The Doctor completes work on a holonovel that depicts the crew of Voyager in rather unflattering roles as they abuse and scorn the Emergency Medical Hologram.
When the holonovel is published without his permission, the issue of The Doctor's legal rights is brought into question.
Seven reconnects with her aunt.
ST: VOY - Ex Post Facto
The Baneans wrongfully convict Tom Paris of murder.
Technology plus the Banean physiology can access someone's last experiences before death and the evidence shows Tom killing a jealous husband.
His sentence is to re-live his crimes through his victim's eyes every 14 hours for life.
ST:
VOY - Random Thoughts Voyager visits a planet with a telepathic races that outlaws negative thoughts.
When B'Elanna is charged with releasing an angry thought into the society and condemned to a dangerous neurological procedure, Tuvok uncovers a black market dealing in violent thoughts.
ST: VOY - Distant Origin
[from @Derek]
The scientist is thrilled to be able to prove his Distant Origin theory (that his Voth race originated elsewhere in the galaxy), but the rulers of his society place him on trial for heresy against the doctrinal teachings of their heritage, the central tenet being that they originated in the Delta Quadrant.
The outcome of that trial threatens the Voyager crew as well.
ST: VOY - Death Wish [from @Bob]
The crew accidentally releases a member of the Q Continuum who has been imprisoned within it for over 300 years to prevent him from committing suicide.
He then requests asylum on the ship, which leaves Captain Janeway to decide whether he should go back into confinement or whether to grant his request for asylum, which would give him the opportunity to end his life.
ST:
E - Judgement After Enterprise lends aid to a group of accused rebels, Captain Archer faces a tribunal and charges of conspiring against the Klingon Empire Star Trek VI:
The Undiscovered Country Gorkon's chief of staff, General Chang, puts Kirk and McCoy on trial for his [Gorkon's] assassination.
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"The Measure of a Man," "Court Martial," the episode where Chief O'Brien is on trial by Cardassians, and "Death Wish" are the ones I can think of at the moment.
scifi.stackexchange.com/users/75127/Bob
Star Trek:
Voyager S3E23 Distant Origin involves a Voth scientist who is accused of heresy against the Voth Doctrine and goes before their Ministry to face trial.
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Portions of the original pilot episode of TOS 'The Cage' were later reused in the 2 part episode The Menagerie , which features to the end of part 1 a Court Martial for Spock.
scifi.stackexchange.com/users/70329/Sarriesfan
Also be sure to check out "Devil's Due" s4e13 of TNG.
Picard puts the Devil on trial.
scifi.stackexchange.com/users/75173/OneWholeBurrito
I like to watch courtroom dramas. I also like science fiction. Combining my 2 likes, I would like to know which are the episodes in Star Trek series with courtroom drama.
Which are the episodes in Star Trek series with courtroom drama?
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<star-trek><star-trek-tng><star-trek-ds9>
scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/146950
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There are a number of different episodes of Star Trek that feature courtroom drama. These include ST:TOS - Court Martial, Voyager S3E23 and "The Measure of a Man". There are a number of occasions when Star Trek features trial scenes, for example in ST: TOS -  Court Martial Kirk draws a court martial in the negligent death of a crewman or in Voyager S3E23  Distant Origin  a Voth scientist who is accused of heresy against the Voth Doctrine goes before their Ministry to face trial and the 2 part episode The Menagerie features a Court Martial for Spock.
There are a number of occasions when Star Trek features trial scenes, for example in ST: TOS -  Court Martial Kirk draws a court martial in the negligent death of a crewman or in Voyager S3E23  Distant Origin  a Voth scientist who is accused of heresy against the Voth Doctrine goes before their Ministry to face trial and the 2 part episode The Menagerie features a Court Martial for Spock.