Not only is it possible but it happens.
This is formally called a "runway incursion" and it does happen like 2005 Logan Airport runway incursion or the B733 / vehicle, Amsterdam Netherlands, 2010 .
Skybrary has a full list you can find here which is quite lengthy and includes a full section for Vehicle Incursion .
aviation.stackexchange.com/users/3677/Dave
In 1978 a B737 aborted a landing due to a snow plow on the runway.
The aircraft crashed during the go around because one thrust reverser did not stow properly.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Western_Airlines_Flight_314
aviation.stackexchange.com/users/12589/Mike Sowsun
Yes.
I was on final once when a taildragger in front of suddenly turned around to backtaxi and turn off on the taxiway he had just passed, thinking to do me a favor and get off the runway quicker.
Unfortunately, I had been catching up to him on final anyway, so I just powered up and went around.
aviation.stackexchange.com/users/28945/CrossRoads
If you don't quite abort... Plane Collides with SUV While Landing at (Texas)
Northwest Regional Airport (52F)
aviation.stackexchange.com/users/11572/Streak
I can remember one evening quite some years ago when there was a sudden extremely loud noise.
Not quite an explosion -- much too protracted and no shock, but you get the general idea.
Since there was no flying debris, no visible columns of smoke, no sign of anything else out of the ordinary, I ignored it apart from paying more attention to the news that evening.
The news reported that Concorde had aborted a landing at Heathrow because somebody had strayed onto its runway.
This required afterburners!
The emergency services lines closer to Heathrow were jammed for quite some time, with people trying to report the "explosion".
aviation.stackexchange.com/users/22146/nigel222
I personally witnessed one at EWR (Newark International).
The runways in EWR run parallel to New Jersey Turnpike, only meters away.
I was driving on NJ Turnpike northbound when a flight (looked like a B737, but
I'm not sure) touched down parallel to
the I-95 just at my level and moments later powered up and went around.
A few more moments later I noticed another, much smaller, plane further along the same runway.
This was in 1998 or 1999.
aviation.stackexchange.com/users/35311/Aleks G
I am but a meager low time private pilot, but I'm sure this happens all the time as it has happened to me.
Before I got my certificate, I departed my home (towered) airport solo planning to buzz over to a nearby very small uncontrolled airport and practice some landings.
When I arrived, the city mower was working around the runway, apparently not listening to CTAF.
I aborted the first landing as he crossed the runway just in front of me.
Fortunately, he was just finishing the area around the runway
and I was able to continue practicing without any further issue.
From a safety standpoint, it was never a big deal.
I saw the mower, was aware of his location, and watched to see if he would depart the area before I got close to the ground.
He didn't, so I performed a go around.
I was surprised that he seemed not to notice me, but it was more inconvenient than unsafe.
aviation.stackexchange.com/users/25328/izzy
On my first flight I flew into LAX and we were coming into land and suddenly went up again.
Looking out of the window and there was another plane on the runway.
The captain confirmed over the intercom that was the reason for the aborted landing.
I would guess this was in 1977.
aviation.stackexchange.com/users/44714/Bonzo
I came across a fake video of an A380 closely avoiding a fuel truck. More details at  Snopes  including a link to the YouTube video.  While this video is not real, I'm interested in finding out if it's a realistic situation and if there are any real instances where accidents have been avoided because crew decided to abort takeoff or landing as a result of an unexpected runway intrusion as seen in the video.
Are there any real life instances of aircraft aborting a takeoff or landing to avoid a vehicle?
aviation.stackexchange.com
<safety><runways><accidents><incidents>
aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/70877
aviation.stackexchange.com/users/9259/user871199
It is not onlythat a plane aborts a landing for a vehicle on the runway but it happens. This is formally called a  "runway incursion"  and it does happen like  in 2005 Logan Airport runway incursion  or the  B733 / vehicle, Amsterdam Netherlands, 2010 . In 1978 a B737 aborted a landing due to a snow plow on the runway. This has indeed happened numerous times and many people report having seen/done it, under various conditions with the main problem being another vehicle being an obstacle to their landing.
This has indeed happened numerous times and many people report having seen/done it, under various conditions with the main problem being another vehicle being an obstacle to their landing.