The first answer I can think of is Iron Maiden's Iron Maiden in the album Iron Maiden in 1980
so after Black Sabbath in 1970.
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Bad Company did the same on their 1974 eponymous album.
Can’t think of any others at the moment.... ...
After looking through my music a second time, I found a few ‘almosts’:
Gentle Giant has a song just called Giant on their 1970 eponymous album, and The Monkees put the theme to their TV show of the same name on their 1966 eponymous album, which may or may not ‘count’ depending on sensibilities.
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One such example is Motörhead (though the song title is sometimes written without an Umlaut.)
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I know of Valkeat , a folk metal band from Finland.
They released their debut album, named Valkeat , in 2017 and one of the songs in this album is called Valkeat .
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You know the three obvious ones: Bad Company , Black Sabbath , Iron Maiden
I've been at this question for a long time.
I often ask it around parties, camp fires, or when people look bored.
Another four I know of because I own the vinyl albums: 1 - Autosalvage - from NYC Around 1966 (hard record to find too!) 2 - Lucifer's Friend - German band from around 1970, whose members are also involved with another outfit/ project called Electric Food.
Which is also around 1970.
These guys would tour, record, and "Be" with these bands all at the same time.
Talk about commitment!
What a workload.
3 - Universe - A British band from Wales in 1970.
These guys used to be called Spoonfull in the '60s.
An original vinyl record of this band goes for about $1000.
Hell, even the repressed vinyl I bought cost over $100. 4 - Sea Train - was the aftermath of the blues project.
Say....'69-'70.
Most of my research is off the vinyl album covers and liner notes with the record.
And to fill in some of the blanks,
used Discogs, but only for the corrections and a few dates.
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Also in 1970 Dutch prog band Focus released their debut studio album 'In and Out of Focus' (earlier released as 'Focus Plays Focus'), the first and last tracks of which were instrumental and vocal versions of a track called 'Focus'.
(They later had umpteen albums with 'Focus' in the title somewhere plus a single and an album called 'Hocus Pocus'.)
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Sometimes is the middle that is different.
Popular once upon a time famous album
The First of a Million Kisses by Fairground Attraction features the track Fairground Attraction .
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The band  Black Sabbath 's first album is called  Black Sabbath  and was released in 1970. The leading track on that album is also called "Black Sabbath." Does anybody know of any other manifestation of this phenomenon?    Are there other examples of bands, whose name appears as both the  title of one of their albums and as a song within that album?
Bands With Eponymous Album and Song
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<song-title><album-title>
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Iron Maiden, Bad Company and Valkeat did the same thing. Iron and  Maiden - ''Iron Maiden'' (1980), Bad Company - Bad Company (1974) and Valkeat - '' Valkeat'' are all examples of bands whose name appears as both the title of one of their songs whilst simultaneously being the name of their album.
Iron Maiden's 1980's Album ''Iron Maiden''  Bad Company's 1974 album ''Bad Company. Valkeat named their album and a song within the album Valkeat