These include developments in artificial intelligence, machine learning, robotics, nanotechnology and 3D-printing. According to 2016 estimates by the World Economic Forum, about 35% of the skills demanded for jobs across industries will change by 2020.121 To remain competitive and adjust, countries will need strategies for skilling and upskilling so that they can create and maintain needed talent. Firms have incentives to invest in skills that make them more competitive.