Source: Trzyna (2014), Urban Protected Areas: Profiles and best practice guidelines. As in other countries, this process can take several years. While it is an important way to reduce the potential for conflict, bringing the various conflicting interests to consensus can be challenging and has sometimes prevented proposed protected areas from being established. Establishing such a protected area requires private lands within its boundaries to be expropriated and the owners compensated. Traditional communities may reside in public sustainable development reserves and extractive reserves.