First, that the impediments to Slovenia’s innovation performance and long-term economic growth exist primarily in structural relationships within and between firms/industries and public sector sources of scientific and technical knowledge. This includes the continuation of programmes to fund the transfer of young researchers to firms which generally seems to work well. Further consider providing incentives for personnel to transfer from research organisations to industry and improving support for the hiring of greater numbers of holders of higher academic degrees by industry. Facilitate more mobility of key personnel between universities, PROs and industry.