In 1957, a few years after its independence, these two resources together still represented 85% of exports and 48% of gross domestic product (GDP) (MIGHT, 2009). As early as 1958, the government launched an import-substitution industrialisation strategy, complemented by protectionist measures and the first initiatives to attract foreign firms, principally through the improvement of infrastructures. Ibis effort was aimed at encouraging the production on Malaysian territories by domestic or foreign firms of goods which were previously imported.