A pilot project, Joint Demonstration Project for Prevention and Control of Dust and Sandstorms Originated in Erlinhot, China, and Zamiin Uud, Mongolia, Source Areas, w,as conducted between 2012 and 2016. In recent years, the areas of rangeland, land with forest resources and land with water resources have decreased, w'hile the area of land for special needs has increased dramatically. This is mainly because more and more ecologically fragile land w'as transformed into SPAs. With rapid urbanization and road construction, more land was used for urban and transport construction.