Whether revenues for creators have increased or decreased due to the digital transformation is ultimately an empirical question. It is not clear to what extent these transactions are recorded in current trade statistics, but their value is now a major component of revenues in the content industries, and a share of these earnings is redistributed to app developers, musicians, authors and other creators internationally. A clearer picture of these sizeable revenue flows would improve our understanding of the pattern of international trade in these sectors, and could lead to a more accurate understanding of how economies benefit from this form of international trade, as internet platforms serve to connect content developers across the globe with consumers in multiple jurisdictions.