In June 2015, the United Arab Emirates health authorities recommended the inclusion of three plant materials, namely kava (Piper methysticum), kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) and Salvia divinorum in Table 4 of that country’s Federal Law No. In the United Arab Emirates, efforts are also being made to standardize procedures for prescriptions involving controlled substances, restricted pharmaceuticals and psychoactive drugs, including innovative measures such as the establishment of an electronic system for the issuance of prescriptions and the dispensing of medicines containing controlled narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. In February 2015, Turkmenistan strengthened its main drug control law on narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors through an amendment establishing that amnesty may not be granted to individuals who have been convicted of crimes related to trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or precursors.