For example, paper-making technology and machinery-supplemented the strong wood sector and ship-building became important, and is an area w'here Finland still has strong capabilities in certain high value-added segments. In the 1970s, it started to expand higher education in engineering sciences, which would become an important element of the country’s economic transformation. In the 1980s, Finland began to shift into entirely new areas of knowledge-based innovation and new sectors, such as information and communication technology (ICT), machinery, and chemicals.