A frequent objective of EPR schemes is to ensure secure and safe collection and disposal of products that would otherwise be hazardous or harmful within the general waste stream. An additional motivation is often to reduce public waste management costs by shifting the burden of managing significant parts of the waste stream away from tax-financed municipal operations. In principle, when producers are made responsible for these costs, they have a reason to take them into account in product design and manufacture. However, it is difficult to design a practical scheme that achieves this effect without excessive complexity.