More specifically, deterioration in trade facilitation - which is measured by the increase in the number of documents required and days taken for exporting and importing a good - can reduce per capita GDP, albeit to a small amount. Countries requiring a larger number of documents and more time for imports and exports tend to have higher levels of poverty (measured by the headcount and poverty gap index) and inequality (measured by the Gini index) than other countries. Another limitation is the small number of observations used in this study, which does not allow for estimation of the heterogeneous effects of trade facilitation.