This text falls within the scope of the research field known as "Multiculturalism, Human Rights and Education: the tension between equality and difference", which has been developed since 2006, having as one of its objectives the study of issues related to intercultural education in Latin America. In the research process, special emphasis was given to the production of the "Modernity/Coloniality" working group for its critical potential in the discussion of the relationship between interculturality, ethnic-racial relations and education in Brazil. Firstly, a brief analysis of the main concepts, which are the basis of their work, is carried out. Then, the notion of decolonial pedagogy and critical interculturality is presented. Finally, the possible intersections between the propositions of decolonial and intercultural pedagogy and the National Curriculum Guidelines for the education of Ethnic-racial relations and for the teaching of Afro-Brazilian and African History and Culture are discussed.