Discussions regarding avoided deforestation or forest conservation have regained a momentum the last years, and has been formalised under “REDD”, Reducing Emissions from Deforestation in Developing Countries upon the initiative of amongst others Papa New Guinea and Costa Rica30. The agenda item on “Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries and approaches to stimulate action” was first introduced into the COP (Conference of the Parties of the Convention) agenda at its eleventh session in Montreal (December 2005). This proposal resulted in a COP decision at the Bali meeting where the COP adopted a decision encouraging tropical forest countries to undertake demonstration activities and providing “indicative guidance” for such projects in order for understanding the challenges ahead. The primary focus of the demonstration activities was the development of national emission baselines, based on historic emissions, against which reductions can be measured.