These policies can be implemented with or without a cap on greenhouse gases, but will be most effective in a strong cap-and-trade environment. Through a combination of purchasing energy-efficient equipment (appliances as well as lighting), using green building design concepts, installing renewable energy supplies, using combined heat and power, purchasing fuel-efficient transportation fleets, and purchasing green energy, these entities can significantly reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases, while realizing significant economic savings and improving the quality of their workspace. Many companies have effectively used a combination of efficient technologies, renewable technologies, process redesign, and transportation fleet improvements to realize energy cost savings, reduce their waste stream, and improve their products and services. For example, the embedded energy in the manufacture and disposal of a vehicle is in the range of 5-10 per cent of the energy that it will consume during its operating life.