These include Pusat Tenaga Malaysia (PTM), a national energy research centre established in 1998 as a not-for-profit company under the Ministry of Energy, Communications and Multimedia (MECM). In 2002, the government created the Energy Commission (EC) to replace the Department of Electricity and Gas Supply as the primary regulator of electricity and gas supply. Besides its enforcement activities, the commission is responsible also for other aspects of the energy sector including heat, renewable energy and energy efficiency.