Addressing each of these issues implies costs. The figure offers a useful checklist of digital connectivity issues--both from a cost and an inclusion perspective. More recently, the ITU has been at the forefront of efforts to bridge the digital divide ever since the term was coined in the 1990s. An important milestone here is the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). The 2003 Geneva phase of the WSIS resulted in a Declaration and Action Plan that, among other things, called for the development of national e-strategies. The 2005 Tunis Declaration followed up on this by focusing on financial mechanisms to bridge the digital divide and on Internet governance questions.