The premise of universal access projects is that they are deployed in high risk areas or to low income users and communities where without a financial incentive to invest, operators or other suppliers will not provide the services. As such, creative public or public-private partnership ("PPP") financing models are required to encourage the rollout of networks and services in such areas and in so doing meet the socio-economic objectives of the country. Section 4.3 considers the policy and regulatory building blocks that should be in place in order to facilitate the execution of sustainable universal access strategies, and the establishment of viable and credible options for funding universal access through a combination of public and private funds.