A need for methodological improvements to help measure specific information, improved data collection and increased monitoring and evaluation capacity at the national level can all influence countries’ ability to report. “ Nearly half’ of Annex II Parties raised issues arising from reporting on technology transfer support in the context of second BRs, including absence of relevant “statistical markers” (UNFCCC, 2016(9]). In addition, there are relatively few metrics to monitor technology development and diffusion, while metrics to assess capacity development are numerous and highly context specific (Ellis et al.,