The code requires landholders to set aside a share of their land for forest and soil conservation and restoration, including along water bodies and sensitive areas (Section 4). Overall, these areas cover more than 40% of the national territory, or more than twice the surface within official protected areas. This makes Brazil’s protected area system one of the world’s largest. The share of total area and the degree of protection vary across regions and ecosystems, however. Work is ongoing to extend the marine areas under protection from the current 1.5% of territorial waters and exclusive economic zone to 5% by 2020 (Section 5). It has introduced modern instruments of integrated water resource management.