Using corn for ethanol increases the price of US beef, chicken, pork, eggs, breads, cereals and milk by more than 10-30 per cent, which exacerbates food and fuel shortages and raises major nutritional and ethical concerns around the world. Much of this effect is the result of deforestation for grazing and the processes that many countries are still using to produce meat, which require the animals to live longer than do other, more economically efficient processes. Nathan Fiala (2008) reported that beef production accounts for the majority of CO2 production and is increasing, though pig products also have a large aggregate impact owing to their high use.