Student behaviour is indeed better in schools whose principals are perceived as transformational leaders. These measures can also help countries build self-adjusting systems with feedback at all levels, incentives to react, and tools to strengthen capacities and share expertise among teachers and administrators. Teacher policy needs to examine these aspects closely. The analyses in this report show that 15-year-old students are already sensitive to financial rewards when considering various occupations. However, the analyses also indicate that the relatively low salaries of teachers, compared with those of other professionals with similar education, are unlikely to be the sole reason it has proven difficult to attract high-achieving students, and students from underrepresented backgrounds, to teaching.