Often, fixed-services operators control the gateways and their prices reflect a de facto monopoly. Because global Internet services require international connectivity, a lack of competition in gateway services can have a direct impact on the cost of the internationally leased circuits used by Internet access providers. Licenses are technologically neutral in Cambodia, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Rwanda,Tanzania and Uganda. Fiowever, Malawi, Nepal, Tanzania and Uganda have a separate international gateway license and fee.