Specifically, the participation rate of Arab women is very low and stagnant: only 17.8% in 2005, when in 1995 the rate was 18.3% (National Economic Council, 2007). Employment by industry and occupation in the Galilee differs from other regions of Israel with higher levels of employment in traditional industries and lower levels of employment in occupations that commonly require education at the tertiary level. Even more significantly, employment patterns are different for Jews and Arabs, and within the Arab population, for men and women.