Countries and organisations have agreed on ambitious commitments, which have already resulted in new international entities and an increasing awareness of the importance to further support the development of national STI policies, and integrate new knowledge and technologies in development co-operation delivery. The OECD Frascati Manual is the international standard on collecting and using statistics on the financial and human resources devoted to R&D. The Frascati Manual defines R&D as the “the creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge - including knowledge of humankind, culture and society - and to devise new applications of available knowledge”. ( Basic research represents “experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundations of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. ” Basic research is usually performed in higher education or in public institutions where the researcher has some freedom and may not have any predefined views of the potential applications of the findings.