A survey of 1 000 young migrants of 14 to 29 conducted in Almaty City in 2012 showed that 54.2% of the respondents had no registration in the city, while 50.9% were still registered at their previous place of residence (Makhmutova, 2012). This problem also exists in Astana: of 124 internal migrants who had settled there permanently, 24% did not have registration there in 2014 (Tukmadieva, 2015). It is not possible to enrol children in kindergarten or public schools without local registration.