In cases where some studies find a significant effect while other don't, this is indicated by combining the symbols, e.g. 0/+ means that some studies cannot find a significant effect while others find a positive effect or that studies find a significantly positive effect only on some groups of workers but not on all of them, A tilde means that the sign of the effect is unknown because the empirical literature is inconclusive or because studies on the link are not available. When the sign of the total labour income inequality effect is unknown but can be deducted from the signs of the employment and earnings equality effects, the results are reported in brackets. The GDP per capita effects are based on the findings of previous OECD and other studies (reported e.g. in Barnes et al., First, the results may not reflect the overall (general equilibrium) effects of policy changes.