Convergence and agglomeration processes changing income disparities across regions might also be accompanied by shifts in inequalities within regions, with important implications on social cohesion. Preliminary results presented in this paper, for a set of eight OECD countries, show' that inequalities within regions are always more important than differences across regions. These results may depend, however, on the number (too few) and sizes (too large) of regions here considered, as other studies on income inequality seem to suggest (Hoshino, 2012, Milanovic, 2013). At the national and supra-national level, the goal of pursuing an economic growth that distributes its benefits more equitably across society has become more prominent (EU2020 Strategy, OECD Inclusive Growth Initiative).