Men who have received higher education in Czech Republic, England, and Italy are more likely to engage in HED whereas they are less likely to do so in Australia, Chile, Hungary, Ireland, New Zealand, and the US. Regarding the SES gradient, Australia, Canada, and England show a significant social gradient (the well-off more at risk). Conversely, Chile, Germany, Hungary, Portugal, and the US show reverse social gradient but not always significant. Similarly, for women, the direction of the gradient of inequality is not clear-cut within all countries. Education-related disparities in HED emerge in few countries (Figure 11), with the higher-educated being more at risk, although five countries show the reverse relationship (Australia, Canada, Ireland, Japan, and New Zealand). Correspondingly, the pattern is mixed for SES-related inequalities in women (Figure 12).