By comparison, households of couples with or without children in the same region that are headed by women tend to have lower or similar poverty rates compared to those headed by men (figure 8.3). For example, in the Plurinational State of Bolivia, households of couples with or without children have a poverty rate of 18 per cent when headed by women, considerably less than the 36 per cent poverty rate when headed by men, in contrast, households of lone mothers with children have a poverty rate of 34 per cent, higher than the 17 per cent poverty rate for lone fathers with children. Their proportion in total households varies from 15 per cent in Belize to 28 per cent in Haiti. They may include de jure female-headed households, where women do not have a male partner, or de facto female-headed households, where the male partner is temporarily absent and may or may not contribute remittances to the household's welfare.