Moreover, the water application rate per hectare irrigated in Turkey increased by 39% between 1990-92 and 2002-04 (Figure 2.2), partly explained by losses from the irrigation infrastructure and inefficiencies in managing irrigation systems due to lack of irrigator management skills and poor advisory services (OECD, 2008a). But water policy reforms in both Mexico and Turkey are beginning to address these deficiencies in managing the irrigation systems (Box 3.8). The sector’s share in total groundwater utilisation, although data are limited, was above 30% in 12 OECD member countries in 2002, notably for Greece, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Portugal, Spain, Turkey and the United States (Figure 2.4).