In recent years in the UK and Europe, there lias been an increase in the amount of business being carried out by outsourcing companies that broker waste management and facilities management services. There are numerous operating models involving different combinations of: wholly municipal-operated services, wholly private sector delivered services, joint public and private services, publicly-owned municipal services. These can operate together with or alongside the activities of micro and small enterprises, community-based organisations, non-governmental organisations and the informal sector.