Regional dummies are included in all regressions and robust standard errors are clustered at the country level. However, to test the robustness of our results, equation 2 is also estimated as an ordered probit model, fitting the ordinal nature of the dependent variable. This model will again be estimated for three separate samples (the overall population, women, and men) to test the existence of gender-specific effect of the SIGI, using both ordered probit and OLS estimators.