It is much more difficult to achieve such an assessment for hazardous waste because the different risks posed by the wide range of hazard characteristics are not necessarily additive. The principles are listed below and are set out in detail in Appendices 1 and 2. In practice, most of these principles are, in effect, used in managing both waste types. For example, although public participation is not included in the nine IAEA principles, it is widely recognised as essential in developing disposal facilities for radioactive waste.