This caveat must be kept in mind while reviewing the results of modelling exercises, including those described below. The International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development’s (ICTSD) recent work,10 focused on LDCs, shows that the aggregate impact of a successful Doha Round on LDC exports will be a measly 0.16 per cent, with wide dispersion of gains and losses across countries (Figure 7.9). Even if overall gains could be assured for the LDC group, the ex post distribution of gains and losses, and the absence of a mechanism to compensate losers, could effectively wreck support for a Doha deal. The losses to Lesotho and Madagascar (see Figure 7.7) are precisely due to such preference erosion, but it is also clear that not all countries that will see their preferences eroded in an eventual Doha deal will actually lose in terms of exports.