Among wage earners, this figure jumped from 53.9% to 64.7%, an increase of almost 11 percentage points representing 40 million additional workers. By contrast, although the affiliation of non-wage earners (in 14 countries in the region) rose by slightly more than 8 percentage points, it was less than 18% around 2015. Although access to pension systems among non-wage earners is limited throughout the region, the situation is slightly more favourable in some countries as explicit efforts have been made to include this type of worker in contributory social protection systems (ECLAC. Notable examples are Uruguay, where 42.9% of non-wage earners contribute to the pension system, followed by Costa Rica (39.2%) and Brazil (30.6%).