Public research organisations cover the government sector, the higher education sector and hospitals. While companies traditionally seek to retain their core capabilities (in technology and markets) and develop them internally to the greatest extent possible, open innovation may be a faster, less risky alternative to in-house development, particularly when the objective is to diversify in terms of technology and/or markets. Companies also increasingly use venturing to find external partners for commercialising innovations that are not used internally (divestment, spin-out, spin-off).