Despite these improvements, the appearance of drug-resistant strains is becoming commonplace (Keshavjee, 2007, Stuckler et al., In the decade to 2008, there was an increase in the number of infected people to just over 436 000 officially registered cases. However, international organisations consider that the number of actual infections - including undetected cases - is more likely to be comprised between 630 000 and 1.3 million (WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF, 2009).6 The overwhelming number of infections is concentrated among individuals aged 15 to 49 who are the most economically-active and a growing share of these are women.