In particular, the creation of the “MP2013” label (Marseille Provence 2013) through the creation of an association at the metropolitan scale was a key building block and helped develop collaborative projects that reached beyond initial cultural objectives to such areas as uiban transport, environment and economic development. The results of the European Capital of Culture 2013 largely exceeded initial expectations, with more than 10 million visitors and around EUR 600 million estimated economic spillover effects. In December 2006, an association “Marseille Provence 2013” was set up and the project w’as selected by a European juty in September 2008. The association MP2013 covers 97 municipalities, mainly from the 6 inter-municipal authorities (etablissements publics de cooperation intercommunale).