In light of this, the application of a “gender lens” approach to public policy and decision making has grown as a practice across the OECD membership, which provides a growing body of good practices that Kazakhstan may draw upon. Over the past decade, Kazakhstan has made important progress in promoting women’s empowerment in public life. In 2009, with the strong leadership of many members of the parliament pushing for the promotion of gender equality in Kazakhstan, the parliament enacted two important laws: the Law on State Guarantees of Equal Rights and Equal Opportunities for Men and Women (hereinafter the 2009 Law on Equal Rights and Opportunities) and the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence.