Although efforts have been made to address these barriers, they are still far from being resolved. In a very broad way, programmes to address constraints faced by smallholders are: fertiliser subsidies, investments in agricultural infrastructure, particularly irrigation, the provision of various credit programmes with subsidised interest rate, advice and market information provided through extension services, the development of partnership between farmers and traders/processors and the creation of farmer organisations, and technology development and dissemination. Some of these programmes are described briefly below.