Better co-ordination between care providers is seen as desirable because it can improve patient care and outcomes, and/or because better co-ordination can help to generate efficiency gains and overall cost savings. This review shows how payment is used to encourage greater co-ordination and integration of care across different levels of care in France and in Germany. They were made available to three different types of multidisciplinary primary care facilities: “maisons de sante” (multi-professional medical home), “poles de sante” (multi-professional medical facilities) and “centres de sante” (traditional health centre) aiming to enhance the organisation of care and providing new services to patients, and give a financial incentive for collaborative working structures. Centres de sante have been in operation for decades and mainly serve under-privileged urban areas.