This is not only about creating new applications for consumers and producers, and astronomical fortunes for innovative entrepreneurs and their investors, but also about providing full and productive employment and decent work for all, in line with the 2030 Agenda. This will require innovative institutions, societal learning and political re-thinking - technological determinism and blind faith in the market are simply not sufficient! Political choices determine the direction and impact of these changes. The transition process needs to be managed. While history does not always repeat itself, it can teach us that job-destruction can be followed by job-creation - if we take the appropriate measures to adapt our institutions, laws and regulations to improve the rules of the game and make them fit forthe challenges of the 21st century.