For example, the development of basic ICT infrastructure requires significant capital investments, far beyond those that can be mobilised through ODA. These investments are long-term investments and mainly financed by the government, by private or public telecommunication operators or jointly through Private Public Partnerships (PPPs). Furthermore, one feature that distinguishes the telecommunication and ICT sector from other infrastructure sectors is the high-paced technological evolution, which require a constant and sustained flow of investments. ( Similarly, as countries’ economies develop, finance to R&D grows (Figure 2.1) and a larger share is financed by businesses (Figure 2.2). For R&D, market failure relate to the production and dissemination of knowledge.