The 1980s were an accelerated time for change. For many academics, it was somewhat a baffling time in understanding Richard’s direction. Richard had turned to spirituality that he insisted was necessary in any materialistic critique of political economy and the nature of social order and social control. His formal writing in criminology had taken drastically new directions often counter to even mainstream critical criminology. But Richard was undeterred by the criticism and pushed on. His quest was for discovery, and spirituality was a key.