It is the NGOs, mostly the Federation of Reproductive Health Associations, Malaysia (FRHAM) and its 13 state members associations that have taken upon themselves a task of making contraceptives available at a subsidized cost. Private outlets sell a wide variety of contraceptives, including emergency contraceptives, but this option is reserved for those who can afford higher prices. Similarly, in Singapore, with a decrease in subsidies to commodities and the closure of government family planning clinics in the mid-1980s, private sources (pharmacies and drugstores) have substituted public sources (Yap Mui Teng, 2007, p. 206).