Finland’s BERD is primarily performed by the high-technology manufacturing sector and strongly concentrated in large firms. In 2015, the firm represented 20% of BERD whereas Microsoft Mobile accounted for 10%. Nokia’s reduction of investment in R&D is the main cause of the decline of Finnish BERD in recent years. In the aggregate, the remainder of the firms - including in the services sector - have shown a more stable pattern of development and their BERD (in real terms) has actually slightly increased since 2010. This should also include the pursuit of technologies and business models that enable companies to upgrade business and shift from existing activities to new, related ones. The purpose is to revitalise industries through radical innovation and wider strategic (economic challenge-driven) innovation agendas.