As such, pursuing a shift to demand-led growth, on its own, is unlikely to address the environmental costs associated with sustained growth, unless the higher wages and earnings of lower income groups that will result from such a shift are spent on goods that are less reliant on fossil fuels and natural resource extraction, and increased public expenditure and investment is also allocated to fuel-efficient sectors and technologies. This is where proposals for green economy become relevant. There are, however, different variants of green economy.