In many cases they are linked to, or subordinate to, conditional transfer programmes and they create connections between poor sectors of the population and the State, the resources available on the market, and the communities themselves. The health-care reform in Uruguay, the universal access and specific health guarantee plan (AUGE) in Chile, the pioneering Single Health System (SUS) of Brazil, the targeted welfare health scheme (seguro popular) in Mexico and the health-care reform in Colombia all come close to the model of social risk management or to a solidarity- and citizenship-based emphasis in the area of health care. Examples in the area of pensions and retirement benefits include the pension-system reform and solidarity-based pensions in Chile, universal non-contributory pensions in Mexico City and their extension, with certain variations, to a number of States elsewhere in Mexico, the reform of the retirement benefits system in Argentina, the “continuing benefit” provision in Brazil and other innovations which are being discussed or implemented in the region.