Production and consumption patterns have imposed severe stress on the earth’s natural resources and its resilience. The biodiversity and development linkages are particularly acute in developing countries, where the poorest populations rely disproportionately on ecosystems and natural resources for their livelihoods and well-being. The World Bank estimates that natural capital accounts for an estimated 36% of total wealth in developing countries (World Bank, 2016), compared with only 2% in OECD countries (World Bank, 2011).3 Ecosystem services are estimated to account for 47% of gross domestic product (GDP) of the poor in India, 75% in Indonesia and 89% in Brazil (TEEB, 2010).