In Zambia, the Kalomo Social Cash Transfer contributed to achieve interesting results in terms of school enrolment, with rates increasing by 3 per cent (GTZ, 2007). With respect to CCTs, in their review of the evidence Fizbein and Schady (2009:129) report quite significantly that"(..) virtually every programme that has had a credible evaluation has found a positive effect on school enrolment". The impact differs however by age group of children whereas in middle income countries with high primary enrolment rates, the larger impact is often on secondary school (ILO, 2010).