It identifies ten levels of learning achievement, and includes three sub-frameworks covering: i) General and Further Education and Training Qualifications, ii) Higher Education Qualifications, and iii) Trades and Occupations Qualifications. It is expected that these reforms should help to improve articulation, and to support more effective career guidance and recognition of prior learning, while also improving co-ordination across the different institutions and shareholders involved in the educational system. However, this approach has become a source of concerns for many countries, which increasingly question its rigidity. Increasingly, therefore, countries are implementing smoother learning recognition approaches, which enable job seekers to put a stronger emphasise on the actual work experience and training of job candidates, rather than the formal learning routes followed and outcomes, In this light, Box 4.6 presents the two interesting experiences being pursued by the United Sates and Iceland.