This Gini coefficient has been calculated by taking each country’s GDP per capita as one observation or data point. Figure 1.1 shows trends in this non-weighted Gini coefficient of international inequality, as well as trends in a variant of this coefficient, obtained by weighting each national GDP per capita by each country’s population-to account for the fact that China’s economic growth, for instance, should have affected more people than growth in a smaller country. Based on this population-weighted Gini, international income inequality has been declining since the early 1980s.