However, using FUAs instead of administrative data suggests that, while medium-size cites are indeed larger than expected, Almaty’s size is not lower than it should be under Zipfs Law. Almaty’s FUA is indeed much larger than the population of Almaty City alone (see Table 1.3). Overall, the city size distribution of Kazakhstan’s FUAs conforms better to Zipf s Law than statutory cities, both in 1999 and in 2009.