These geomorphological processes are still active in the area, posing a significant threat to ecosystems and neighbouring communities. The project area extends over more than 1,000 km2 (Oskarsson unpublished data) and more than half of it undergoes active erosion and has only sparse vegetation cover (Aradottir 2007). The main objective of the project is to restore the native woodlands in the area in order to increase the resilience of the ecosystem towards deposition of volcanic tephra and prevent secondary distribution of the tephra. Other goals are restoration of ecosystem functions and biodiversity, carbon sequestration, and improved options forfuture land use. The project was grounded on previous experience from land reclamation and woodland restoration in the area and was planned with a diverse group of stakeholders, using maps of vegetation, soil erosion and land tenure as a basis (Aradottir 2007).