The Paris Agreement and associated decision (1/CP.21) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) recognise this, and reinforce the international framework for adaptation action by establishing a global goal of enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability. The Paris Agreement also states that Parties shall as appropriate engage in adaptation planning processes and the implementation of adaptation actions. Decision 1/CP.21 (paragraph 90) stipulates that provision of information shall be done “no less frequently than on a biennial basis”, although least developed countries (LDCs) as well as small island developing states (SIDS) may submit this information at their discretion.