Policies should address the rebound effect by targeting consumer behaviour, by educating energy-users about the benefits of reduced energy consumption and ensuring that sufficient information and options are available for consumers to reduce their energy consumption. These can be supported by policies that create disincentives to increase use of the more efficient product, such as setting carbon and energy prices (Maxwell et al., The choice as to which policy mix is needed will depend on other policy goals on the national agenda. Similarly, governments need to consider how best to design energy efficiency policies that maximise the full range of multiple benefits, while keeping energy savings as the primary goal. As benefits resulting from government policies, it is important to be able to evaluate them and include their value in policy impact assessments and benefit-cost analyses.