Abstract: Taking into account the repeal of the impunity laws (2001-2005), we are here interested in reconstructing the reopening of the trials of human rights violations in Argentina. First, the "Simon Case", which had its first ruling in 2001 and was confirmed by the Supreme Court of Justice in 2005, then, law 25.779, of 2003, passed in the National Congress, that explicitly annulled the amnesty laws, and finally, the judicial approach that assembles repression circuits of State terrorism (1976-1983) in "megacausas" within the framework of the notion of "genocide". Our focus is to understand the judicial complexity of the Argentine case of transitional justice.  Keywords: Argentine civil-military dictatorship (1976-1983). Transitional justice. Genocide.