This chapter reflects on and re-examines some of the key constructs of ‘vulnerability’ and ‘cultural diversity’ that informed the 2013 research-based review of cross-cultural education and training at Victoria Police, a major policing jurisdiction in the state of Victoria, Australia, with Melbourne as its capital city. Policing in Australia has been deeply imbricated in the development of broader shifts in thinking about cultural diversity and its implications for how public order, community safety and security can be successfully balanced against not only universal human rights principles but also the particulars of culturally diverse community perspectives on law, safety and social wellbeing. However, specific tensions have arisen for both policing policy and practice when it comes to how we think about cultural diversity in relation to ‘vulnerability’, and the models of policing education, training, engagement and praxis that derive from this.