For example, Permaculture Timor-Leste, or Permatil, has promoted permaculture methods to improve household farming, and the Ministry of Education has formally adopted a school gardens programme to encourage children to take an interest in food production (Wigglesworth 2016) (box 3.3). They have been instrumental in widening social inclusion, community participation and community decision-making, which are fundamental for meaningful citizenship. Article 138 of the Timorese Constitution recognizes the importance of co-operatives and guarantees their development.