This implies that the impacts of fertiliser and chemical use are strongly differentiated by the type of agricultural system and by region (Helfand et al., Given the abundance of rainfall and water resources, the importance of irrigation in Brazil is small, with only around 2% of agricultural land equipped with irrigation. This share, nevertheless, has tended to increase since 1990, with agriculture currently making almost 60% of annual freshwater withdrawals. Brazil ranks fifth worldwide in terms of overall greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, although total emissions have fallen sharply as a result of reduced deforestation.