In 27 out of the 37 countries with available data, an individual can teach at the pre-primary level of education after earning a bachelor’s degree or equivalent (ISCED level 6) at the end of initial teacher education. However, there are some exceptions. In the Slovak Republic, pre-primary teachers can start teaching w ith an upper secondary diploma, but an increasing number of teachers have now a bachelor or a master degree, in Germany and Ireland, they can begin teaching after graduating from a post-secondary vocational programme, in Austria, they typically start initial teacher training at age 14 when they enter upper secondary education, and graduate at ISCED level 5 after two years of a short tertiary cycle programme (e.g. higher technical and vocational college).