Similarly, some MENA countries have also established oversight mechanisms that act both as “corrective” institutions (institutions of recourse, such as ombudsmen or judicial commissions that adjudicate claims) or pre-emptive/oversight institutions (parliaments or parliamentary committees, commissions in political executives or advisory councils to ministries or the political executive), as depicted in Table 3.2. Civil society organisations usually operate independently from any government. In the MENA region, half of the respondents (Egypt and Tunisia for example) stressed the importance of an active civil society to monitor government activities in the area of gender equality. Committees are set up within the legislative system with clearly defined mandates to carry out in-depth analysis and review public policy and legislature with regard to gender equality.