The next section provides an overview of the related theoretical and empirical literature on the links between GVCs and inequality. The aim here is to give context and identify testable hypotheses on the direction of the effects so as to set the stage for the subsequent empirical investigation. Section 3 begins with a description of the data and discusses the calculations needed to identify both GVC participation and wage inequality. Sections 4 and 5 are concerned with the evolution of wage inequality and GVC participation respectively.