The purpose of this paper is to understand whether circumstantial factors in Turkey create a unique approach to human resource management (HRM) determining its place on the convergence and divergence continuum.,Turkish HRM literature, based on 39 journal articles published between the years 1998 and 2018, are analyzed through an institutional theory lens using content analysis.,The ambiguity of the convergence and divergence issue in Turkey may be argued as HRM is still not considered as a primary management function in Turkey. There appear to be only a small number of original studies that preserve cultural values as well as follow new trends within the discipline.,This study broadens the understanding of the developmental trajectories of HRM by examining the context, history and advancement of HRM in Turkey as an example of developing economies.