In Latin America, indigenous peoples make up 8 per cent of the population but 14 per cent of those living in poverty (ECLAC, 2016a). In China, for instance, ethnic minorities would require twice the amount of income as the majority just to reach the poverty line and thereby escape poverty, in Gabon, indigenous peoples would require three times as much income, while in Viet Nam, it would take seven time as much income for ethnic minorities to escape poverty (Hall and Patrinos, 2012). In many cases, the rate of poverty reduction has been slower among those groups, and they suffer more often from chronic poverty—poverty that is passed on from generation to generation (ibid.). Available from www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/population_enumeration.html (accessed 18 December 2017).