The mutual support networks of Fureai Kippu ("ticket for a caring relationship") emerged in urban grassroots mutual-help groups such as the Help of Daily Living Association in Tokyo and the Kobe Life Care Association. They can save these Fureai Kippu for their own use in the future or transfer them to someone of their choice, typically a parent or family member. In some cases they can convert Fureai Kippu into a cash equivalent.