In Chile, school reinforcement programmes for vulnerable children provided by charity organisations have been effective in improving the grades of at-risk children (Contreras and Herrera, 2007). Rather than withdrawing the voucher subsidy depending on the top-up fee that parents pay, the government could make it more generally dependent on income (Beyer, 2009) or on socio-economic background (Sapelli, 2006), by creating several income brackets that would receive an increasingly lower subsidy. To some extent the government has recently moved in this direction by increasing the extra subsidy for poor children with the largest increases for the 20% poorest. In turn, maximum top-up payments could be positively related to parents’ income to make free school choice less dependent on the ability to pay. The government could require schools to accept all children with a maximum top-up payment that would be zero for the poorest children, increasing gradually across the different income brackets.