As primary care expands relative to inpatient care as the authorities intend, then the scope-of-practice rules for nurses could widen if backed up by better and longer training. The bulk of the remainder comes from the MHI system where, for example, insurers may pay providers on an activity basis. Such arrangements may dilute any incentives to reduce hospital supply: if all funding came via one source (or through one channel) it would be easier to influence behaviour.