The same effects could be found due to educational investments. It is believed that improving education in poor areas will be helpful to increasing the beneficiaries’ long-run income. It questions the commonly-held notion that general inequality and the rural-urban income gap have been increasing over time. Taking note of the exclusion of long-term rural-to-urban migrants from official income statistics, the chapter tries to identify these omitted people in order to examine their income in comparison with both rural and urban household incomes.