Whilst some view NCFs as inefficient “by default” in creating extra-budgetary processes, others see the value of off-budget funds that can transparently manage and monitor incoming climate finance. In countries with multiple existing funds, some recipients and supporters envisage a range of targeted funds effectively functioning as different channelling windows under the Green Climate Fund. Work is underway in exchanging a rapidly growing amount of country experience, notably in the Asia-Pacific region (UNDP, 2013b)15. Recipient countries recognise having both systems as a pre-condition for effective finance, while priorities of respondents varied, supporters mainly prioritised tracking flows, and providers were primarily interested in the monitoring of results and impact. All three groups report that a lack of available data in recipient countries is a prominent barrier to tracking and monitoring finance in practice. The majority of recipients reported a lack of technical capacity to develop methodologies and systems to track climate finance as part of national systems, and expressed a demand for support from development co-operation providers.