The need to produce these goods forced the state to set up large, state-owned companies and a stronger banking system and to promote R&D in enterprises - in effect launching a process of accelerated industrialisation that continued through the end of the 1980s. The period also saw heavy investment in education and the establishment of a Nordic-style welfare state. Restrictions on foreign ownership were lifted during the second half of the 1980s as part of a wider effort to open up the economy that culminated in Finland’s accession to the European Union in 1995 and adopting the euro in 2002.