The objective of this chapter is to reflect on the specific challenges that the Peruvian state faces to become an inclusive State. It assesses the important role that the private sector can play, through corporate social responsibility and private public partnerships in realising the goal. For that purpose, various dimensions of social inclusion are analyzed in direct connection to the economic, social, political and cultural rights of each citizen. Urgent measures are described and analyzed in section two. Subsequently, section three presents some ideas on medium and long term policies, mainly education and the labor market issues. Section four includes some structural traits (informality, decentralization, discrimination) which constrained public policy options. The current challenge of establishing an Inclusive State in Peru is clearly to move from the rhetoric of social inclusion to a functional design and practice of collaborative governance and social responsibility.