An estimated 14-33% of the total global catch consists of IUU fishing, with a value of USJ8-19 billion (Borit and Olsen 2012). The real figures are likely to be higher since IUU data, by definition, are scarce. Information on women's roles in IUU is even scarcer (Kleiber ef al. When carried out on an industrial scale on the open seas, they rely almost exclusively on labour by men, many of whom have been pressed into indentured labour and held on ships as actual or de facto slaves, often for years without being allowed off the ship (Urbina 2015, ILO 2013). Pirate fishing operations in particular are characterized by some of the worst working conditions, and there are extensive reports of abuse (EJF 2010).