Urban-rural disparity follows the concentration of industries and jobs in higher-skill sectors, which are usually located in urban areas while the majority of the population resides in rural areas depending on agriculture for subsistence (UNDP, 2014). According to the IMF, weakening of macroeconomic indicators including the inflation rate and public deficit have been due to over-optimistic revenue projections and increases in expenditure, as well as a too accommodating monetary policy (IMF, 2016). Apart from the production of oil, the macroeconomic outlook is affected by commodity prices and capital flows, and the risk of too high public expenditures in relation to revenues.