The most advanced work on correcting underreporting bias in alcohol survey data was recently published by Rehm and colleagues (Rehm et al., This new approach is based on the triangulation of survey data with recorded aggregated per capita consumption data by modelling the upshifted distribution of alcohol consumption. This approach aims to model the survey-based alcohol consumption using a Gamma distribution, and to upshift this distribution so that the corrected mean matches with the APC mean. To shift the distribution, the procedure uses a factor of correction called the coverage rate, r, that represents the proportion of total alcohol consumption as measured in the survey data over the overall APC14 (Table 2).