The shame and social stigma for men associated with the failure to live up to expectations of being a provider can be immense. It can lead to situations where they themselves and their partners go to extreme lengths to cover up the fact that the family relies on the income of the female partner and/or of the children (see for example Ekeoba, Makanjuolaand Nagarajan, 2016, Slegh, Barker, and Levtov. Displaced or refugee men, but also other men and boys in fragile and conflict-affected situations may also be forced to accepting dangerous and precarious working conditions, including commercial sex work, or be at risk of trafficking, in particular for exploitative labour practices.