A recent study of energy management practices in Thai cement and textile industries found that changing operational practices was an important enabler of industrial energy-efficiency measures (Hasanbeigi, Menke and du Pont 2010). Submetering and billing individual cost centres for energy use is one way to motivate change. Whether submetering makes sense depends on the balance of energy costs, the potential for energy saving, and the investment, staff and operational costs required to set up the submcters (Box 5.3). Responsibility for capital costs might not match responsibility for operating costs, and the transaction costs of reducing operating costs might outweigh the potential savings (Sorrell, Mallett and Nye 2011).