Relevant energy-related activities thus represent important targets in such areas as industrial policy, enterprise development, access to finance, training and vocational education, and STI policy. Vocational training and skills upgrading programmes — in financial literacy and general business skills, and in the use of electrical equipment — can play a major role in facilitating the process of labour reallocation associated with structural transformation. Broadening access to credit and financial services is also a crucial priority to enable technological upgrading and adoption of (mainly electrical) productive equipment, especially on the part of SMEs. Importantly, however, the ability of firms to reap the benefits of electrification is inevitably contingent on the provision of a broader range of social overhead capital and each sector’s specific conditions and dynamics.