Composite indicators may synthesise the rather disjoint, fragmented and non-transparent overflow of information on simple indicators into some key numbers, the broad meaning of which is readily understood by external stakeholders. An enumeration of the main advantages and drawbacks of using composite indicators in general is shown in Box 2.1 below. Recently approaches have been proposed which explicitly account for vulnerability enhancing or mitigating factors on the demand side (for instance, Scheepers, et al., As for supply-side vulnerabilities, notably when it regards imported energy carriers, they broadly relate to geopolitical security of supply risk, i.e. the external dimension of energy supply security identified in the previous chapter.