The chapter illustrates actors’ claims in the South China Sea dispute from the perspective of international law and subsequently discusses approaches to conflict management. After examining the historical background of the dispute including its major actors and their respective interests, the chapter assesses the claims of the actors involved under international law. Of particular interest in this regard is the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Finally, the chapter introduces what might by called the “Spitsbergen Plus Approach” and thus offers an innovative approach to conflict management in the South China Sea.