In both the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, the local content of value added is generally very small, being limited to land leases and wages, for example. By contrast, farmers and local co-operatives in Denmark have long had the opportunity to invest in wind farms and increase the local value added from the industry. These efforts eased the path for renewable energy development and make investment more politically secure (Midttun and Koefoed, 2003, Biyden, 2010). In a global context of fiscal consolidation, social, technological and environmental transformation, “adaptive” water policies in response to climate change, demographic and urbanisation pressures rely more and more on cities and regions.