In this way infrastructure investment becomes part of the process of cumulative causation, whereby industrial expansion creates employment, incomes and demand, and leads to increased productivity (Myrdal, 1957). Insofar as this reduces costs and improves the durability of private capital investment, it also enables the private sector to spend less on maintaining its own capital, releasing resources for other productive investment. Infrastructure provision that promotes social inclusion - such as better housing and improvements in health, education, sanitation and nutrition - enhances labour productivity- in addition to promoting social welfare (Serebrisky, 2014).