As these forest carbon projects play out on the ground, they have tried to meet global sustainability needs but have often excluded local forest users and undermined their livelihoods, thereby contributing to dispossession (Corbera and Brown, 2008, Corbera and Schroeder, 2010). The result is often greater inequality and injustice for local users vis-a-vis external agencies and global actors. A recent study on REDD+* concludes that women are not "key stakeholders or beneficiaries of REDD+ because of their invisibility in the forest sector — largely viewed as a masculine domain" (Women Organizing for Change in Agriculture and Natural Resource Management and others, 2013).