It is key for a life of dignity for billions of people around the globe." Given that assessing vulnerability entails a predictive quality that consists of conceptualizing "what may happen" to a specific unit of concern under conditions of particular risk and hazards,4 the analysis aims to estimate the impact on vulnerable population groups in a context of scarce water resources, based on identifying mechanisms and measures that have already been put in place by local populations in different target areas. For example, water scarcity that results in crop failure could affect women and men differently.