In recent years water charges have risen, as a result of the transfer of irrigated areas operated by the DSI to water user associations. A study of cotton and grape production in the Gediz Basin, for example, showed that where these transfers have occurred and water charges increased, irrigation water productivity showed significant gains. Many of these projects are financed by international development agencies and donors (e.g. the World Bank), as national funding is limited. The South-Eastern Anatolian Project (GAP) (1983-2001), which was financed mostly by national resources, is the largest regional development project in Turkey covering 10% of the total land at an estimated cost of TKY 50 (USD 32) billion. For the World Bank- funded Anatolian Watershed Rehabilitation Project (DOKAP), with funding of TKY 65 (USD 45) million over 2004 to 2012, the aim is to restore degraded soils to increase farm and forestry production. Even so, the GAP project is increasing the supply of domestically produced hydroelectricity and has brought socio-economic welfare gains to villagers.