Nonetheless, for developing countries in aggregate, there is no support in these figures for the view that food import bills are becoming unsustainable. Aggregate figures may, of course, conceal difficulties experienced by particular countries. In many countries, they led to increased trade policy interventions (Jones and Kwiecinski, 2010, Demeke etal., In some cases they have reawakened interest in food self-sufficiency, which, if enforced through trade policy, implies prohibitive levels of protection.