There have been many and varied efforts to train public officials, and/or to include capacity-building on violence against women in the official curricula for these professions. Such trainings and capacity-building efforts have been found to be most effective, and implemented rigorously, when they are mandated in law and developed in close collaboration with non-governmental organizations. Under article 7 of the Albanian Law on Measures against Violence in Family Relations (2006) the Ministry of the Interior is charged with training police to handle domestic violence cases, and the Ministry of Justice is responsible for training medico-legal experts on domestic violence and child abuse and training bailiffs on service of protection orders. Draft legislation on protection orders in the Netherlands, if passed, will mandate a training programme for police. The quality of police and prosecutor work is crucial in determining whether court proceedings are instituted or a person is convicted.