More specific measures aiming at improving access to finance include public-private microfinance schemes, credit loan guarantee schemes, and public-private venture capital. It is important to distinguish between entrepreneur-driven and investor-driven channels. With respect to entrepreneur-driven channels, effective policy interventions may have only an indirect relationship with entrepreneurship policy per se. For example, higher levels of female entrepreneurship have been found related to greater provision of child care services, reflecting the pervasive unequal gender balance of household responsibilities.12 Improving child care services can hence result in incidental benefits on female entrepreneurship, even if this is not their underlying policy motivation.