Economically, sustainable fisheries are fundamental to achieving not only the restoration of fish stocks and preservation of biodiversity, but also improved livelihoods, trade, fish food security and economic growth. Within the framework of the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fishing, efforts are being made to address the issue of of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. It is expressed as the percentage of fish stocks exploited within their level of maximum biological productivity, i.e. underexploited, moderately exploited or fully exploited.