Information on educational attainment by gender is taken from the revised Barro-Lee dataset [Barro, R.J. and J.W. Lee (2010), “A New Data Set of Educational Attainment in the World, 1950-2010”, NBER Working Paper, No. As the gender ratio of education increased on average by around 0.09% each year, it suggests that it contributed to increasing annual economic growth by a further 0.07% per annum (i.e. 0.09% * 0.81). Information on educational attainment by gender is taken from the revised Barro-Lee dataset [Barro, RJ.