While access to potable water in urban areas is now almost universal, 56% of the urban population had access to sewage collection systems in 2011, with large regional variations. In some areas, environmental and health impacts resulting from insufficient sanitation and high levels of fertiliser and pesticide use are significant (MMA, 2010, 2015). The main nationwide policy-making body is the National Environmental Council (CONAMA), established in 1981, a high-level advisory and deliberative committee that brings together representatives of all government levels and principal stakeholders.