The hotspot identification exercise conducted in Chapter 2 show's that there is a growing body of evidence around a number future water risks globally. Uncertainties in assessment remain significant, but it is likely that more and better studies will be released in years to come. Prospective exercises can help anticipate complex scenarios for agriculture and explore options to strengthen resilience (OECD, 2016b). They consider likely scenarios and potential actions to mitigate the different water risks. Each of the action is then attributed a “sell-by-date”, which indicate when a change in the course of action may be needed under each option. They then propose an efficient dynamic pathways to address the risks and work towards preferred pathways, each with initial action, threshold for change of course, and next step action.