-Can increase car commuting and related emissions if people move further from thei r work places and public transport availability is not sufficient. Going for Growth recommendations, with their focus on national policies and national growth outcomes, will often be hard to assess in such contexts. In principle, this implies that emission reductions are not strictly necessary in each single country and some countries may have, or develop, a competitive advantage in emission-intensive production, within the limits of the overall sustainable environmental burden. In fact, from an overall economic efficiency perspective, it would make sense that reductions are made where they are least costly. While in principle, natural conditions and societal choice can imply varying valuations of environmental externalities across countries, this can underlie co-ordination failure in terms of management of global or regional environmental resources and risks.