So this section looks in turn at these different aspects of the ‘waste management industry’ as a public service, as a business delivering waste services and as a resource recovery business, while also examining the shadow business of waste crime. One rationale for this is the ‘public good’ nature of MSWM. It is difficult to control access to MSWM sen/ices,36 and if some citizens escape from their responsibilities for MSWM, they themselves may escape some costs but will cause harm to others and to society as a whole.37 Unlike other public or utility services that run on separate meters such as energy or water, waste management is a utility sen/ice that does not allow for disconnecting users who do not pay without impacting on others.