Moreover, governments and river basin committees have different timing (governments may see river basin committees as instances that will slow down decision making) and different priorities (river basin committees may focus on issues which are less important for the governments and not always related to what is being discussed). According to a survey carried out across Brazilian states, the perceived degree of fragmentation is overall higher between states and municipalities than between federal and state levels. The most frequent bottlenecks to vertical co-ordination listed include the lack of staff and time, the limited awareness and public concern over water issues, silo approaches of ministries, the lack of leadership and political commitment, as well as the absence of strategic planning (Figure 2.9). Thus, solutions to droughts (in the Northeast) and water pollution (in large urban centres) require effective co-ordination of water resources, water supply and sanitation, among other sectors.