Countries obtain a similar redistributive impact through drastically different size and progressivity combinations (Figure 4, Panel B). For instance, in Portugal and the United States transfers attain about the same reduction in inequality but for different reasons. In the United States, the limited reduction in inequality is due to the smaller size of transfers compared with the OECD average whereas in Portugal it is mainly due to their lower progressivity. This decline is due to a lower size, partly owing to a reduction in unemployment, whereas progressivity increased. The redistributive impact of cash transfers is measured as the difference between the concentration coefficient of market income and that of market income after transfers but before taxes.