Early assessments concluded that school choice increased inequalities, benefiting independent-school students only. More recent studies tend to argue that it spurred competition and improved results slightly across the school system. The overall effect on results from students’ socio-economic backgrounds has not changed (Holmlund et al., Bohlmark and Lindahl (2015) find that more private schools within municipalities are associated with reduced overall education expenditure, while other studies reach the opposite conclusion (Antelius, 2007). Only 5% of Swedish teachers report that their profession is valued in society, as against 60% in Finland.