Part-time work, prevalent in jobs mostly occupied by women, and linked to family obligations and care, may also play a role in horizontal segregation. Data for the Netherlands is in full-time equivalent. Data for Switzerland on secretarial positions also include technical positions. Despite some important variation between OECD countries (from less than 10% in Switzerland, to 30% in the United States (US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2011), to nearly 50% in Poland), women consistently occupy less than half of public service decisionmaking positions, on average accounting only for 28.6% of senior managers across OECD countries. Thus, on average, in OECD countries, 39.7% of middle managers are women, although there are important cross-country variations, with some countries (Estonia, Slovenia, Portugal and Poland) not only achieving gender parity but also having a majority of women in this occupational category.