Such species are especially important for maintaining biodiversity due to their structural or functional abilities. Examples are tangle kelp (Laminaria hyperborea) and sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima), which are key species along the Northeast Atlantic coast line, where they form extensive underwater forests. These forests act as nursery grounds for fish and provide food for a variety of species (Christie, Norderhaug, & Fredriksen, 2009).