This introduction to the special issue in honor of Professor Yoram Barzel provides an overview of his scholarship and a summary of the contributions to this special issue. Each contribution advances or elaborates upon major themes in Barzel's theoretical and applied work on property rights, transaction costs, and political economy. The contributions fall into three categories: an examination of the foundations and implications of the â€˜Barzelianâ€™ method for social scientific analysis, Barzel's economics of property rights and transaction costs to historical case studies, and advances to Barzel's theory of the state, which includes an analysis of the origins of democracy and the rule of law.