Three proposed functions of forests are considered here: the outlook for forest carbon sinks, the economic and social added value of forest carbon sinks, and domestic carbon sink initiatives in Japan under a next-generation Kyoto Protocol (post-Kyoto). The developing countries are encouraged to form cooperating bodies with developed countries under REDD, or afforestation and reforestation CDM. It is thought that, under the extension of the Kyoto Protocol, Article 3, paragraph 4, the forests of developed countries can be incorporated as domestic forest sinks in individual countries. In December 2005, at COP 11, Papua New Guinea and Costa Rica raised REDD on the formal agenda as a proposal.