For instance, Jordan’s INDC states that their mitigation and adaptation measures should be linked and also aligned with specific Sustainable Development Goals. This approach could help countries streamline their effort for monitoring and reporting given that a number of indicators to monitor progress towards SDGs and their targets might overlap with those needed for adaptation. Some countries use different timescales for different sectors (e.g. Guinea-Bissau’s and Lao People’s Republic), while about 40 countries’ adaptation components of INDCs have no mention of timeframes. Some INDCs have expressed that they will use existing systems to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of adaptation actions (e.g. Zambia).