It contributes to the study of educational inequality by evaluating how the way in which educational inequality is both conceptualized and measured influences country rankings. Such choices, in turn, have implications for the policy conclusions that are drawn from international comparisons. These values have increasingly been incorporated into a global consensus, now that they form an explicit Sustainable Development Goal (United Nations, 2014), a World Bank (2015) goal and part of the most recent International Monetary Fund (IMF) narrative (IMF, 2017, Clements et al., The same values have also been central to the aims of recent protest movements such as Occupy Wall Street and Los Indignados.