In Australia, where a broad definition of temporary employment also includes casual workers (Box 4.1), this type of work accounts for 85% (43%) of part-time (full-time) workers with a temporary employment contract. Some people work part-time because they wish to do so and would not take on full-time employment, while others do so because there is no full-time employment available. There are, however, large variations across countries. In Greece, Spain and Italy, over 60% of part-timers want to work more hours but could not find full-time jobs. For instance, there is a well-established negative relationship between the level of GDP and the self-employment rate (Acs et al.,