This chapter delves on the etymological roots and meaning of the term “extradition” and identifies the general principles related to the principle of extradition which have developed over centuries. Unlike state only oriented system, international organizations have remodelled certain aspects of extradition to fulfil the institutional goals, like the European system. The laws on extradition have been looked through the lense of terrorism. Countries have met the challenges posed by terrorism by entering into multilateral and regional treaties as well. It is through these efforts nations have reshaped the laws on extradition to primarily counter-terrorist activities. States have international legal obligations under bilateral treaties, multilateral treaties, and customary international law as well. However often these obligations compete with established principles in the branch of international human rights law, international criminal law, state immunity laws, etc.