Economic instruments for mainstreaming biodiversity in agriculture are generally underutilised, though mechanisms such as payments for ecosystem services are being increasingly implemented in a range of countries. Additionally, significantly enhanced efforts to identify and reform environmentally harmful government support to agriculture would contribute to mainstreaming efforts. An increasing number of countries are reporting to the OECD Producer Support Estimate database on agricultural support, which is a step in this direction.11 Large-scale community engagement in natural resource management in the agricultural sector has been undertaken in certain countries such as Ethiopia and Australia, which contributes to raising awareness and enables adoption of improved technologies and practices.