The European Youth Guarantee Framework also goes in this direction (see Chapter 5). A number of factors contribute to the efficiency of second-chance schemes which help youth return to education and potentially integrate into the mainstream education system (European Commission, 2013). Programmes using flexible structures that are not schools and appealing activities such as music or sports, applying innovative curricula and pedagogic approaches, and providing specialised support (e.g. psychological and financial support), counselling and career guidance have been most effective in this respect. Some countries (e.g. European countries) have introduced second-chance schemes (Chapter S), but the impact of many of these programmes on youth skills and transitions into the labour market still need to be carefully evaluated.