It also establishes sectoral policies which have spatial implications in the areas of economic attractiveness and competition, transportation, local digital development, public services and finally, higher education and research. The Ministry of Housing and Territorial Equality also has an important role to play in shaping spatial policy objectives at the local level. This is a particularly French institution, although it also exists in Chile, w'here a national official exercises direct authority in parallel with local elected government on various matters, some of which have overlapping jurisdiction.