The importance of subsistence harvest in the Arctic emphasizes the need to include this aspect of the Arctic economy in a measure of material well-being. Even when the traditional activity is less important in providing real income, traditional pursuits maintain cultural significance. It is projected that there will be significant impacts on the availability of key subsistence marine and terrestrial species as climate continues to change, and the ability to maintain one’s material well-being may be affected and may necessitate adjustments in hunting and harvest strategies as well as reallocations of labour and other resources.