Even seemingly gender-neutral policy decisions can have effects, whether intentional or not, on women’s chances of become equal participants in society. They may make it more difficult for them to find employment, secure an education, start a business, meet the needs of their family, or ensure their human rights. For example, a workplace regulation that permits both parents to take leave to care for a sick child is more likely to affect women as primary caregivers (see Chapter 17). Israel, for example, reports that several GIAs showed how sports for men and boys enjoyed greater subsidies than sports for women and girls at national and local level (Swirski, 2011). Such analysis can be conducted during the design stage of a law or regulation (ex ante) and/or during evaluations of the impacts of implemented laws, regulations and programmes (ex post).