So, for example, if the most important effect of higher income inequality is to increase the incentives to invest in education, higher disparities should be associated with increased achievements, irrespective of individual background. As in the case of growth regressions, therefore, they strongly support the idea that higher inequality lowers the opportunities of education (and social mobility) of disadvantaged individuals in the society, an effect that dominates the potentially positive impacts through incentives. The proposed exercise aims at extending these results determining whether mobility declines as inequality increases.