Karsenti, Raby and Villeneuve (2008)32 show that, in universities that have removed ICT lessons, the lack of teaching concerning the pedagogical integration of ICT has a negative impact on uses of ICT by student teachers in their classrooms. These standards - based on the standards proposed by the governmental institution ENLACES - concern instrumental, pedagogical, ethical and legal aspects as well as questions of professional development. They constitute the basis of the “ICT Competence Framework for the Teacher Education and Profession” implemented in 2007 by the Chilean Ministry of Education and ENLACES. The competence framework aims to support the creation and the implementation of an ICT curriculum in initial teacher education. It has been integrated into initial teacher education since 2006.