Pressures on fish resources include fishing, coastal development and pollution loads from land-based sources, maritime transport, and maritime dumping. Many valuable fish stocks are fully exploited or overexploited. Natural variability and climate change have significant implications for the productivity and management of capture fisheries and aquaculture development. This implies strengthening international co-operation and setting and enforcing limits on total catches, which may include managing both the types of fishing methods employed and the areas in which and/or times during which fishing may occur.