This paper briefly analyzes historically the practice of torture in Brazil since the 1964 military coup, and especially after the "The Institutional Act no 5" of 1968. It also shows how a certain version of the recent Brazilian history has become official to the detriment of other ones that have been constantly repressed and even denied. It concludes by putting into focus some actions of Brazilian entities for Human Rights in order to rescue other historical memories and to fight against the impunity that has been feeding the practice of the torture today in Brazil.