Developing countries began to demand greater flexibility for policy space, including greater freedom to pursue industrial policies and to address supply-side constraints via government interventions, preferential market access and support for institution and capacity building. If it had increased to 0.7 per cent for all Development Assistance Committee countries, net ODA would have been US$430.7bn. The shortfall between promised and delivered is some US$297bn. He has since been joined by a host of critics (cited below) making similar observations.