Evidence from the ground suggests that emerging partners have also provided significant amounts of AfT, although this goes largely unrecorded. In the future, there might therefore be a greater need to monitor more effectively Southern partners’ AfT activities in LDCs to capture more fully their impact on host economies. China launched a dutyfree scheme for LDCs’ exports in 2010. While it is too early to meaningfully assess the impact of the scheme, available evidence seems to suggest that it has not stimulated non-oil exports from LDCs.