Already the NSF-led programmes in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s relied heavily on the expertise of academic specialists and, to a lesser extent, on teachers, in designing a new type of content and novel strategies for its delivery (Cuban, 1992, Elmore and Sykes, 1992, Elmore, 1996). In Korea, the recent curriculum development process built on commissioned research and was conducted by a working group composed largely of experts from the Korea Educational Development Institute (Box 4). Indeed, in most OECD countries, experts tend to participate in curriculum development work undertaken within specific governmental committees or working groups - sometimes even within agencies particularly specialised on curriculum. In Ireland, curriculum development is undertaken by the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment, an advisory body to the Minister of Education (UNESCO, 2007f).