If female-owned enterprises had, on average, the same characteristics (size, capital intensity, distribution by industry, age) as enterprises owned by men, then their productivity gap would be reduced by 51%, their profit gap by 92%, and their employment growth gap by 78%. The purpose of the survey was to shed light on factors that help or hinder the success of newly created enterprises. It was conducted as a one-off survey, within the framework of data collection on business demography, using samples of enterprises in the business registers stratified by activity and employee size.