All of the increase has been with respect to the former, since the latter remained stagnant relative to 2001. Plugging into Production Networks: Industrialization Strategies in Less Developed Asian Countries, Institute for Developing Economies, IDE-JETRO, Chiba (Japan). United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), Bangkok. World Trade Organization (WTO), Geneva. Intermediate Goods Trade in East Asia: Economic Deepening Through FTAs/EPAs, BRC Research Report No. Preferential Trade Agreements with Special Reference to Asia’ (unpublished manuscript).