Of Kaskelen’s employed population, 31% commuted to Almaty City in 2009. The Almaty metropolitan area also includes the cities of Talgar (35% of employed population commuted to Almaty) and Essik (21% of employed population commuted to Almaty City). The share of employed population commuting to Almaty City was even higher in Boraldai (51%), Otegen Batyr (45%) and Pokrovka (46%).