There are currently 36 biodiversity hotspots worldwide which together hold the majority of the world’s endemic species, and also hold exceptionally high numbers of threatened species, including 50% of threatened mammals, 73% of threatened birds and 79% of threatened amphibians (see Myers et al., Tracking Progress, OECD Green Growth Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris, http://dx.doi.oi-g/10.1787/9789264234437-cn. International Institute for Environment and Development and the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, London.