This was vividly demonstrated when the WTO's Appellate Body ruled in favour of Antigua and Barbuda in its dispute with the USA over measures applied by central, regional and local authorities in the USA that affected the cross-border supply of gambling and betting services. Antigua and Barbuda is yet to recourse to the favourable ruling. Many observers however caution that accessing the WTO dispute settlement system is challenging for capacity-constrained countries such as least-developed countries (LDCs).