While this focus has, no doubt, helped to raise awareness of the infrastructure challenge, it misses or, worse, sidelines, some key questions from a developing-country perspective beginning with how infrastructure can actually become a real force for structural transformation, raising productivity across sectors and activities, and creating a more virtuous development circle. It draws, in part, on the framework provided by Hirschman to make planning and programming activities more effective, in the face of the uncertainties, constraints and tensions inherent in the development process. Recognizing that development planning is a “risky business”, Hirschman stressed the importance of sequencing and experimentation to establish the right balance between what was then commonly called “social overhead capital” (public infrastructure) and directly productive activities (private investment) (Hirschman, 1958: 83). It seeks to show how public infrastructure investments can help to break the “interlocking vicious circles” (Hirschman, 1958: 5) that impede development and to help generate the kind of linkages that are key to structural transformation.