Performance-based penalties and incentives will be applied. In 2009, Korea also introduced an energy management system (EMS) certification programme based on national standard (KS A 4000: 2007) to improve the energy management capability of industrial plants and buildings. Public-private funding is also available through Korea's carbon fund (USD 180 milion). The efficiency level of refrigerators, air conditioners and washing machines stand out as highly successful examples (e.g. the average domestic air conditioner's energy efficiency ratio (EER) is higher than in any other country). Starting in July 2010, Korea mandated an innovative standby warning label for 19 products that do not meet specified standby power standards.