Three options can be envisaged. First, companies may purchase products from farms outside of the hotspot region, if those alternative regions do not face an equally high risk, second, they may possibly change their agriculture inputs (or ingredients), and third, they may undertake stewardship programmes with farmers to ensure that they respond to risks (change practices or technologies). The choice of responses among these three options depends on transaction costs, such as transport costs for outside of the region engagement, cost of alternative ingredients, or alternative practices (Annex 4.A1.3).