It is seen as a potentially efficient way to curb deforestation, with low payments per hectare of avoided deforestation. However, implementation is complex and complementary training activities are insufficiently developed (CGU, 2014). Developing monitoring mechanisms and ensuring a link with the Rural Environmental Cadastre would help improve effectiveness and reduce management costs for Bolsa Verde and the existing PES programmes. An overarching federal PES law has been under parliamentary discussion since 2007 and could provide the basis for expanding and improving the use of such programmes.