Its central objective is to keep the global average temperature rise 'well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels' (UNFCCC 2015, Article 2(a)). The Paris Agreement was concluded on overtime and signed by over 190 countries of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at the 21st Conference of Parties (COP). The Paris Agreement offers a political framework for implementing the goals in the agreement through voluntary national climate plans - national determined contribution (NDCs) - submitted by the states.