Agriculture production risks may also have different types of economic effects on producers, market chain actors, consumers of the concerned products, and even other consumers if they impact the price of other commodities. These impacts will often be less extreme the further from the maximum risk location (hotspot) and the longer after a shock (if there is a shock), but different types of impacts may also disturb this ripple-like effect. A first tier of impacts, mainly agriculture production-related, encompasses direct effects in the targeted (hotspot) regions.