Government expenditures to stimulate demand and full employment can be at least partially if not fully self-financing if we consider a longer-run time horizon. Economists and policymakers have not typically thought about the gender effects of countercyclical or full employment policies—but they should. Evidence suggests that in many countries, women and racial/ethnic subordinate groups are at the back of the job queue during economic downturns, making strategies to promote full employment part of the toolkit to achieve gender equality (Seguino 2003, Couch and Fairlie 2010, Seguino and Heintz 2012).'* The ELR is a type of government-funded programme that employs all of the jobless who are ready, willing, and able to work in a public-sector project at a base wage.