It takes a bottom-up approach that relies on the actions of individual countries to rein in their respective emissions and climate risks, while also acknowledging the different circumstances and needs of developing countries. Even so, it does leave open the possibility that international trade in GHG emissions allowances will play a material role in the future. While most of these potential conflicts are surmountable with a sophisticated understanding of environmental law and policy, the trade community has a contentious record on this historically. States with both an interest in seeing robust climate action and a deep involvement in trade negotiations are in an important position to ensure harmony between these two regimes.