First, while the case is strong for supporting gender parity in outcomes, other interventions that directly tackle gender discrimination in social institutions are critical for economic development. While discussing specific policy options goes beyond the scope of this paper, the SIGI 2014 report (OECD, 2014b) provides examples of how social institutions can be transformed through gender-responsive and gender-transformative policies and interventions. Second, as discriminatory social institutions seem to represent an additional growth bottleneck for low-income countries, unlocking this growth potential could be particularly beneficial for the world's least developed countries.