To this end, some institutions adopt a more top-down approach by assessing effectiveness at sectoral, national, or even global scales. Both the Philippines and Bangladesh have developed indicators for climate interventions, the former as part of an overarching results framework for its 5-year development plan and the latter as part of its national climate change fund (Philippines, 2011 and BCCRF, 2010). The Republic of Mozambique is also in the early stages of building a comprehensive M&E framework for climate change activities implemented by public, private, and non-governmental organisations (Manjate, 2013). The Government of Kenya (GoK) is in the process of setting up what it calls an MRV+ system, which combines the elements of project-level M&E in a coherent framework that facilitates meeting international MRV guidelines (GoK, 2012a).