In addition to offering some potential carbon savings by reducing the need to transport components, 3D printing can offer benefits in health care, construction and education. Extraordinary advances in biotechnology albw very specific gene editing for human medicine, making personalized treatments possible for certain conditions in combination with artificial intelligence and big data, as well as for genetic modification of plants and animals. Nanotechnology - the manufacture and use of materials at an infinitesimal scale - has important applications in water supply (water purification), energy (battery storage), agriculture (precise management of the release of agrochemicals), ICT (reducing the size of electronic components) and medicine (delivery mechanisms for medication).