By the 2080s, many millions more people than today are projected to experience floods every year due to sea level rise. The numbers affected will be largest in the densely populated and low-lying mega deltas of Asia and Africa, while small islands are especially vulnerable (very high confidence). Economies closely linked with climate-sensitive resources and those in areas prone to extreme weather events, especially where rapid urbanization is occurring, will be at risk also. Poor communities can be especially vulnerable, in particular those concentrated in high-risk areas. Many diseases are climate sensitive, including cholera and diarrhoea, as well as vector borne diseases such as malaria, dengue fever and schistosomiasis. Warmer temperatures, higher humidity and more places where water can collect generally favour malaria transmission.