Even more is produced during primary and secondary wood processing. All these by-products can be used as biofuel to replace more polluting fossil fuels, thus creating a more environmentally friendly energy alternative. The CO2 emitted during direct combustion of sustainably produced biofuel is largely balanced by CO2 uptake in renewing forests (Macqueen et al, 2004, Sathre & O'Connor, 2010). Many studies indicate that the recovery and combustion of the biomass by-products associated with the lifecycle of wood-based products is the single most significant contributor to the lifecycle GHG benefits of wood-based product use (Gustavsson et al, 2006, Sathre & O'Connor, 2010).