A set of non-monetary valuation methods we mention in the table is called "study of human-landscape interaction" are various field studies and mapping of cultural significance. These methods include qualitative description (non-monetary valuation) of the degree and nature of interaction between humans and a certain landscape based on field studies of behaviour and mapping of the historical and cultural importance (using cultural expressions, i.e. texts and other representations). Other non-monetary methods we consider in the case studies in chapter 3 are based on current approaches in EIA, for example the "plus and minus method" used in Norway (see chapter 3.1 for details). Our main emphasis is, however, on the monetary valuation methods.