The French Ministry of Education has set national targets that hold schools accountable for holding high numbers of students back and has implemented a reform that ensures individualised support two hours per week to those students who need it. This has also created various opportunities for students who have been lagging behind their classmates to catch up in the last two years of primary school. In 2014, an amendment to France’s school reform law declared that grade repetition should only be considered for exceptional cases (OECD, 2015a).