Moreover, improvements to the public transportation system will be necessary to secure the region’s long-term attractiveness. Despite the City of Chicago’s ranking among the top five of 26 world cities for transportation infrastructure (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2011), the metro-region is at risk of squandering this competitive advantage without sufficient investment for system expansion and upgrades. Progress has been made on energy-efficiency retrofits, green building design, and the metro-region’s ability to attract wind energy headquarter functions.