On the other hand, others such as P. Veltz see the territorial result of post-Ford ist regulation modes combining the uncertainty of the economic situation and flexibility of the job market. Californian geographers such as A. Scott or M. Dear insist on relations between functional and social mutations of very large cities and new forms of urban territoriality." Both are independent of the level of urbanisation of the territory considered. Table 3.2 presents the indices for Togo and Nigeria. In Togo, Lome was the primate city for the years 1950, 1970 and 2010. In Nigeria, Ibadan held this position in 1950 and 1960, and since then Lagos.