Raymond Chandler
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[[Judul]]
Raymond Chandler


[[Artikel]]
Raymond Thornton Chandler () adalah seorang novelis dan penulis naskah Amerika-Inggris. Pada 1932, dalam usia empat puluh empat tahun, Chandler menjadi penulis fiksi detektif setelah kehilangan pekerjaannya sebagai eksekutif perusahaan minyak pada masa Depresi Besar.

Referensi

Sumber
 Chandler, Raymond (1950). Trouble is My Business.  Vintage Books, 1988.
 
 Chandler, Raymond, (1969). Foreword by Powell, Lawrence Clark. The Raymond Chandler Omnibus,  Borzoi Books.
 Day, Barry, (2015). "The World of Raymond Chandler: In His Own Words".  Vintage Books.
 Hiney, Tom (1997). Raymond Chandler: A Biography. Grove Press.
 Pronzini, Bill; Jack Adrian (eds). (1995). Hard-Boiled, An Anthology of American Crime Stories, Oxford University Press.

Bacaan tambahan

 Bruccoli, Matthew J., ed. (1973). Chandler Before Marlowe: Raymond Chandler's Early Prose and Poetry, 1908–1912. Columbia, S.C.: University of South Carolina Press.
 Chandler, Raymond (1976). The Blue Dahlia (screenplay). Carbondale and Edwardsville, Ill.: Southern Illinois University Press.
 Chandler, Raymond (1985). Raymond Chandler's Unknown Thriller (unfilmed screenplay for Playback). New York: The Mysterious Press.
 Dorothy Gardiner and Katherine Sorley Walker, eds. (1962), Raymond Chandler Speaking. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
 Freeman, Judith (2007). The Long Embrace: Raymond Chandler and the Woman He Loved. N.Y.: Pantheon. .
 Gross, Miriam (1977). The World of Raymond Chandler. New York: A & W Publishers.
 Hiney, Tom (1999). Raymond Chandler. New York: Grove Press. .
 Hiney, Tom and MacShane, Frank, eds. (2000). The Raymond Chandler Papers: Selected Letters and Nonfiction, 1909–1959. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press.
 Howe, Alexander N. "The Detective and the Analyst: Truth, Knowledge, and Psychoanalysis in the Hard-Boiled Fiction of Raymond Chandler." Clues: A Journal of Detection 24.4 (Summer 2006): 15–29.
 Howe, Alexander N. (2008). "It Didn't Mean Anything: A Psychoanalytic Reading of American Detective Fiction". North Carolina: McFarland. .
 Joshi, S. T. (2019). "Raymond Chandler: Mean Streets" in Varieties of Crime Fiction (Wildside Press) .
 MacShane, Frank (1976). The Life of Raymond Chandler. New York: E.P. Dutton.
 MacShane, Frank (1976). The Notebooks of Raymond Chandler & English Summer: A Gothic Romance.  New York: The Ecco Press.
 MacShane, Frank, ed. (1981). Selected Letters of Raymond Chandler.  New York: Columbia University Press.
 Moss, Robert (2002.) "Raymond Chandler: A Literary Reference" New York: Carrol & Graf.
 Swirski, Peter (2005). "Raymond Chandler's Aesthetics of Irony" in From Lowbrow to Nobrow. Montreal, London: McGill-Queen's University. .
 Ward, Elizabeth and Alain Silver (1987). Raymond Chandler's Los Angeles. Woodstock, N.Y.: Overlook Press. .
 Williams, Tom (2014).   A Mysterious Something in the Light: The Life of Raymond Chandler . New York: Chicago Review Press. .

Pranala luar

 
 
 An essay on Chandler and Los Angeles history by William Marling
 Shamus Town The Los Angeles of Philip Marlowe where Raymond Chandler lived, worked and wrote about.
 "Down the Mean Streets with Philip Marlowe" BBC streaming audio programme on Chandler
 Photographs of Raymond Chandler's Los Angeles by Catherine Corman at The New Yorker
 "Chandler's double identity: Adrian Wootton on a writer's secret cameo"; The Guardian, June 5, 2009
 "Cheap Truth 11 - page 2"; Fanac, September 1, 2017

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