title: Carabinieri Mobile Units Division

text: Each Mobile Battalion was to be led by a Lieutenant Colonel (Mobile Battalions of Alessandria, Genoa, Verona, Trieste, Treviso, Bologna, Ancona, Cagliari, Bari, two of the three Battalions of Rome, one of the two Battalions of Turin, Milan, Naples, Florence and Palermo)p. 19 or by a Major (Mobile Battalions of Udine, Taranto, Catania, one Mobile Battalion in Rome, Turin, Milan, Florence, Naples and Palermo),p. 19 assisted by an Aide ranking Lieutenant, each Company was to be led by a Captain, while Platoons could be led by a Lieutenant, a Second Lieutenant or by a senior Sub-Officer.p. 17 The strength of each Mobile Battalions was to be 782 officers and troops. According to Article 7, Carabinieri of the Mobile Battalions were to be deployed in organic units (Platoon, Company, or the whole Battalion) always under their own subofficers and officers. The training was specifically designed for public order and riot control services.pp. 284–286 One quarter of the strength of each battalion was to be assigned to the territorial support of the relevant Legion.p. 17 Battalions were to be housed in separate barracks from other Royal Carabinieri and, in case of more than one Battalion assigned to the same city, on the opposite side of the urban centre; at least one officer had to be housed in the barracks.p. 18


title: Sarah Jessica Parker

text: In the romantic comedy L.A. Story , Parker took on the role of a ditzy aspiring spokesmodel meeting a television meteorologist; both the film and her performance garnered positive reviews. She would star with Nicolas Cage, as the girlfriend of a commitment-phobic man, in the film Honeymoon in Vegas , and play one in a villainous trio of witches in the Disney fantasy family comedy Hocus Pocus , alongside Bette Midler and Kathy Najimy. Honeymoon in Vegas was a critical success, earning US$35m while Hocus Pocus rated average with reviewers and made US$39 million in the US, but became a cult film due to strong DVD sales and large television following. In 1993, she also starred as a police diver opposite Bruce Willis in the film Striking Distance, and in 1994, she appeared opposite Johnny Depp in the critically acclaimed biographical drama Ed Wood as the titular character's girlfriend, Dolores Fuller. She headlined the romantic comedy Miami Rhapsody , playing a woman who has some misgivings about her fiancé, and starred in the off-Broadway play Sylvia, alongside future husband Matthew Broderick.


title: Sarah Jessica Parker

text: The script for the HBO dramedy series Sex and the City was sent to Parker. Set in New York City and based on Candace Bushnell's 1997 book of the same name, the show follows the lives of a group of four women—three in their mid-thirties and one in her forties—who, despite their different natures and ever-changing sex lives, remain inseparable and confide in each other. Creator Darren Star wanted her for the project, and despite some doubts about being cast in a long-term television series, she agreed to star. Her role was that of Carrie Bradshaw, the narrator and main protagonist, with each episode structured around her train of thought while writing her weekly column "Sex and the City" for the fictitious paper, the New York Star. The positive response to her performance during the show's run continued in the years immediately afterward. Bradshaw was widely popular during the run and later recognized as one of the greatest female characters in American television. In 2009, The Guardian named Bradshaw an icon of the decade: "Carrie Bradshaw did as much to shift the culture around certain women's issues as real-life female groundbreakers." She received two Emmy Awards, three Screen Actors Guild Awards, and four Golden Globe Awards for her performance.


title: Sarah Jessica Parker

text: In late 2005, Parker reunited with First Wives Club co-star Diane Keaton for her first film in years, the seasonal family dramedy The Family Stone, in which she played an uptight, contemporary New York City career woman. James Berardinelli, in his review, wrote: "The talented cast helps. Sarah Jessica Parker, finding that there is life after Sex in the City, has no difficulty with 's arc. Of all the characters in the movie, she undergoes the biggest transformation, and Parker aces it". Budgeted at US$18 million, it was a commercial success, grossing over US$92 million worldwide. For her role, she received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress – Comedy. Her next film was the romantic comedy Failure to Launch, starring with Matthew McConaughey as an interventionist hired to get a 35-year-old man out of the home of his parents. It was released on March 10, 2006, and opened atop in the North American box office, grossing over US$24 million on its opening weekend, despite negative reviews. Her work as a producer continued with her next starring vehicle, the independent drama Spinning into Butter , based on the Rebecca Gilman play. The film Smart People premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and saw Parker portray a sympathetic doctor, opposite Dennis Quaid and Elliot Page.


title: Sarah Jessica Parker

text: Following the end of Sex and the City, rumors of a film version circulated, until preparations for a production were resumed in 2007, and the film was released on May 30, 2008. A sequel Sex and the City 2, was released in 2010. Despite lukewarm critical responses, both films were commercially successful. In the interim, Parker teamed up with Hugh Grant for the romantic comedy Did You Hear About the Morgans? , playing a recently separated New York power couple on the verge of divorce until they witness the murder of a man. While the film was a moderate commercial success, Parker received a Razzie Award nomination for Worst Actress, and Roger Ebert, panning the film, noted: "I grant you Hugh Grant and Sarah Jessica Parker evoke charm in the right screenplay. This is the wrong screenplay". In 2011, Parker starred in I Don't Know How She Does It, described by critics as " limp comedy with a hopelessly outdated viewpoint on gender, featuring Sarah Jessica Parker in rote Carrie-mode", and also made part of a large ensemble cast in Garry Marshall's romantic comedy New Year's Eve , which made US$142 million worldwide. For Sex and the City 2 and her 2011 roles, she garnered nominations for the Razzie Award for Worst Actress.


title: Space Sharm

text: Space Sharm is a nightclub in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt and is an affiliate of the Ibiza nightclub with the same name - Space. The club opened in 2010 and is situated in the heart of the desert. "Space to Open Club in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt". Ibiza Spotlight. November 4, 2010. Space Sharm placed number 41 in the DJ Mag Top 100 Clubs in 2013. Space Sharm went up 5 places in 2014 reaching #36 and is officially the number 1 club in the Middle East. In 2015, Space Sharm was voted again number 1 club in the middle east. Musically, Space Sharm is best known for specializing various styles of music not only house music. Space hosts 6 flagship nights commencing from 11pm up until 4am and is open all year round. The club hosted many international producers including Markus Schulz, Dash Berlin, Paul Van Dyk, Aly & Fila, Ferry Corsten, W&W, and many more. In 2012, Ministry of Sound Egypt held a residency at Space Sharm hosting 2 events: 'HedKandi' and 'Smoove'. The brand departed later that year. In 2011, Space collaborated with Egyptian trance duo Aly & Fila by throwing an event at Space Sharm to celebrate the 200th episode of their hugely successful radio show Future Sound of Egypt (FSOE). Space continued to hold regular FSOE events throughout the year due to its popularity in Egypt.


title: Queenscliff High Light

text: Then the boat stood to sea again and sailed past high, grass-grown cliffs, from which a few old cannons, pointing their noses at you, watched over the safety of the Bay—in the event, say, of the Japanese or the Russians entering the Heads past the pretty township, and the beflagged bathing-enclosures on the beach below. They neared the tall, granite lighthouse at the point, with the flagstaff at its side where incoming steamers were signalled; and as soon as they had rounded this corner they were in view of the Heads themselves. From the distant cliffs there ran out, on either side, brown reefs, which made the inrushing water dance and foam, and the entrance to the Bay narrow and dangerous: on one side, there projected the portion of a wreck which had lain there as long as Laura had been in the world. Then, having made a sharp turn to the left, the boat crossed to the opposite coast, and steamed past barrack-like buildings lying asleep in the fierce sunshine of the afternoon; and, in due course, it stopped at Laura's destination.


title: Doc McGhee

text: In 1989 McGhee joined with Russian musician and promotor Stas Namin to create the Moscow Music Peace Festival which brought together hard rock and metal bands from the United States, Europe and Russia to benefit programs to help drug addicts. The lineup consisted of Bon Jovi, the Scorpions, Motley Crue, Skid Row, Gorky Park (the local Russian outfit), Ozzy Osbourne, and Cinderella. Aerosmith was also scheduled to perform there, but not only pulled out at the literal last minute, but also insisted their contribution, their rendition of The Doors' "Love Me Two Times", be lifted from the official Make A Difference album's final pressing, on the grounds of being suspicious as to where the money was actually going. Over 100,000 people attended and it was broadcast in 59 countries. The concert inspired one of the bands, the McGhee-managed Scorpions, to write the top-selling song Wind of Change. McGhee's life and involvement in the Festival is featured in episodes 5 and 6 of the podcast Wind of Change.


title: Ardmore, Oklahoma

text: The city found itself positioned next to one of the largest oil fields ever produced in Oklahoma, the Healdton Oil Field. After its discovery in 1913, entrepreneurs and wildcatters flooded the area, and Carter County quickly became the largest oil-producing county in Oklahoma, and has remained so ever since. Ardmore has remained an energy center for the region ever since, with the region's natural wealth giving birth to such energy giants as the Noble Energy companies, among others. On September 27, 1915, a railroad car containing casing gas exploded, killing 43 people, injuring many, and destroying much of downtown, including areas rebuilt after the 1895 fire. The disaster, which made national news, gave residents the resolve to establish the city's first fire department to ensure that such events would not recur in the future. On April 22, 1966, Ardmore was the site of the worst plane crash in Oklahoma history, which killed 83 people. On May 7, 1995, an F3 tornado struck Ardmore, killing three people and injuring six others.


title: Ardmore, Oklahoma

text: Ardmore is the principal center of trade for a ten-county region in South Central Oklahoma, with a retail pull factor of 1.7–1.9. Ardmore's major employers are Michelin North America, with 1,900 employees, who announced its plan to close in 2025, and Mercy Hospital Ardmore, with 900 employees. Several hundred employees work for regional distribution centers for Best Buy, Dollar Tree (Marietta) and Dollar General Stores, among others. Until early 2009, Ardmore was also home to a large regional distribution center for the now-defunct retail electronics chain Circuit City and was also home to a 1-800-flowers call center. In 2010 Ardmore lost another technology company, IMTEC, which was purchased by 3M and moved away to California. The 85,000 bbl/d (13,500 m3/d) Valero refinery in northeast Ardmore employs some 250 area residents. Ardmore is also home to the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, among the nation's 50 largest private foundations, primarily engaged in agricultural bioresearch activities. In 2001, East Jordan Iron Works opened a foundry located at the Ardmore Industrial Airpark. On September 24, 2020, Oklahoma Blood Institute opened one of the largest blood donation facilities in the state in Oklahoma .


title: Ardmore, Oklahoma

text: Ardmore has one principal rail line, that being one of the Burlington Northern Santa Fe mainlines running from Fort Worth, Texas to Oklahoma City (also connecting with Kansas City and Chicago), being the route of the current Heartland Flyer passenger rail service. This line was formerly part of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe rail network before the merger with Burlington Northern. The line dates back to 1887, and the first train arrived on July 28 in that year. The company has multiple parallel tracks (5+) running through central Ardmore (MP 450.5), added concomitantly with the rise of the trading status of the city and region throughout the early 1900s. There is also a lightly used transverse rail spur from the BNSF line to the Michelin tire plant in west Ardmore, mainly intended for the transport of raw materials to the factory. BNSF has given Site Certification to the Ameripointe Logistics Park in Ardmore, meaning the railroad has identified the location as an optimal rail-served site meeting ten economic development criteria, intended to minimize development risks customers may face.


title: Terence Judd

text: Terence Judd was born in 1957 to English-American parents, Anthony and Gloria Judd. In 1967, aged 10, he won the National Junior Pianoforte Competition, and came to the attention of Eileen Joyce, who supported and encouraged him. He also studied with Maria Curcio, the last and favourite pupil of Artur Schnabel. In London he also studied with Ezra Rachlin . Known particularly for his championship of virtuosic romantic works, above all the music of Franz Liszt, he brought a characteristic exuberance and clarity of expression to his performances; and his recordings bear witness to that. His renditions of Alberto Ginastera's Piano Sonata No. 1 and Samuel Barber's Piano Sonata in E♭ minor are exemplary for other pianists, and his memorable performances of Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 1 and Prokofiev's Piano Concerto No. 3, which he played back-to-back in the finals of the 1978 Tchaikovsky Competition, are among the most exciting of these well-known virtuosic works. He was awarded joint 4th Prize, with Boris Petrov.


title: 2009 Clemson Tigers football team

text: C. J. Spiller was named as one of the three finalists for the 2009 Doak Walker Award. Spiller, along with Mark Ingram II of Alabama and Toby Gerhart of Stanford, was selected by a vote of the 130–member Doak Walker Award National Selection Committee. On December 2, 2009, Spiller was voted the 2009 Atlantic Coast Conference Player of the Year. The all-purpose threat was named as the league's top player following a vote of 40 members of the Atlantic Coast Sports Media Association. Spiller received 29 votes to outdistance Georgia Tech quarterback Josh Nesbitt, who had eight. Virginia Tech running back Ryan Williams, the league's rookie of the year, had two votes and Yellow Jackets defensive end Derrick Morgan had one. Spiller was the nation's only player this season to account for touchdowns five different ways – rushing, passing, receiving, and on kick and punt returns – and had passing, rushing and receiving TDs in one game, a victory against North Carolina State. He returned four kickoffs and a punt for scores this year and has eight total returns for TDs during his career. He scored at least once in every game this season while leading Clemson to the Atlantic Division title and a spot in the league title game against Georgia Tech. Spiller led the ACC with an average of nearly 184 all-purpose yards and was the league's fourth-leading rusher, averaging 76 yards. Spiller is the seventh Tiger to be named player of the year and the first since Michael Dean Perry in 1987.


title: USS Preble (DD-12)

text: Preble was involved in a friendly fire incident in July 1918. She was one of the escorts of a convoy of five troop transports carrying U.S. troops to Europe which departed New York City on 21 July. In the predawn hours of 23 July, the U.S. Navy submarine USS N-3 was on the surface in the Atlantic Ocean, charging her batteries in calm, hazy weather with bright moonlight, when she suddenly sighted one of the ships of the convoy at 02:55 at a range of only 1,800 yards (1,650 m). The British armed transport Minnekahda, carrying 3,800 U.S. troops, soon also appeared, headed straight at N-3 and only about 200 yards (183 m) away. N-3 immediately made a preliminary recognition signal by firing a green flare, then sent a recognition signal by blinker light. Minnekahda did not respond except to blow her steam whistle. N-3′s crew heard someone aboard Minnekahda order "Fire!" As N-3 continued to flash the recognition signal by blinker light, N-3′s commanding officer hailed Minnekahda, calling out "Don't fire, this is an American submarine!" At that instant, one of Minnekahda′s guns fired a 6-inch (152 mm) or 7.5-inch (191 mm) round (according to different sources), and the shell hit N-3 forward at the waterline, failing to explode but inflicting considerable damage and causing leaks. Minnekahda closed to a range of 50 yards (46 m), close enough for N-3′s crew to see men aboard Minnekahda and hear them receive an order to load. As N-3 continued to flash the recognition signal, several men on N3′s deck yelled "Don't fire!" and "Don't shoot, this is the N-3!" Finally, someone on Minnekahda asked where N-3′s flag was. N-3′s crew immediately brought a United States flag on deck and shined a light on it. Minnekahda promptly ceased fire. Preble then approached at flank speed as if to ram N-3, and N-3 made recognition signals and backed at full speed, avoiding a collision with Preble by only a few feet. N-3 hailed Preble, which stopped and sent a boat to N-3 to assess her damage. N-3 had suffered no crew casualties, but Minnekahda′s unexploded shell was found in N-3′s forward superstructure, and N-3′s torpedo compartment was partially flooded. After pumping 2,800 US gallons (2,331 imp gal; 10,599 L) of diesel fuel overboard to lighten herself forward, N-3 proceeded to port on the surface under her own power.


title: Battle of Bourgaon

text: Setting up their camp, Solomon observed the Berber positions. The Berbers were encamped on the mountain. The eastern slope of the mountain was very steep, while the western had a gentle slope. Thus the Berbers, not expecting the Byzantines to actually try and overtake them from the east, concentrated all their forces on the west. The Byzantine troops were demoralized when met with the larger number of enemies, but after a speech by Solomon, they gained their bravery back, and prepared for the fight. He sent his commander, Theodorus, with about 1,000 excubitors to take advantage of the Berber positions, and climb the eastern side of the mountain to ambush the Berbers. Not even telling his own troops to avoid being betrayed, the excubitors climbed up the mountain during the dead of the night without being noticed. By dawn Solomon moved his troops up to the outskirts of the mountain, and by morning the troops of Theodorus showed themselves as well. Both detachments started a relentless attack against the surrounded Berber troops who panicked and attempted to flee, but had nowhere to do so. The few that survived did so by trampling over the dead bodies of their comrades, and nearly all of the Berber warriors were caught, killed, or wounded. All of the Berber chieftains were able to flee except for Esdilasas, who was caught, and taken prisoner. According to Procopius, the Berbera suffered 50,000 casualties, while the Romans suffered none, although this was likely an exaggeration.


title: Prince-Bishopric of Brixen

text: The temporal power of the diocese soon suffered a marked diminution through the action of the bishops themselves, who bestowed large sections of their territory in fief on temporal lords: as for example, in the 11th century courtships in the Inntal and the Eisack valley (granted to the Counts of Tyrol, and in 1165 territory in the Inntal and the Puster Valley to the Counts of Andechs-Meran. The Counts of Tyrol, in particular, who had fallen heir in large part to the territories of the Duke of Merania, constantly grew in power. Bishop Bruno had difficulty in asserting his authority over a section of his territory against the claims of Count Meinhard of Gorizia-Tyrol. Likewise Duke Frederick IV of Habsburg, ruler of Tyrol and Further Austria, called "of the Empty Pockets", compelled the Bishops of Brixen to acknowledge his authority. The dissensions between Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa , appointed by Pope Nicholas V as Bishop of Brixen, and the Austrian Archduke Sigismund of Habsburg were also unfortunate; the cardinal was made a prisoner, and although the pope placed the diocese under an interdict, Sigismund came out victor in the struggle.


title: Prince-Bishopric of Brixen

text: The 17th and 18th centuries many monasteries were founded, new missions for the cure of souls established, and the religious instruction of the people greatly promoted; in 1677 the University of Innsbruck was founded. The most prominent prince-bishops of this period were: Kaspar Ignaz, Count von Kunigl , who founded many benefices for the care of souls, made diocesan visitations, kept a strict watch over the discipline and moral purity of his clergy, introduced missions under Jesuit Fathers, etc.; Leopold, Count von Spaur , who rebuilt the seminary, completed and consecrated the cathedral, and enjoyed the high esteem of Empress Maria Theresa; Joseph Philipp, Count von Spaur , a friend of learning, who, however, in his ecclesiastical policy, leaned towards Josephinism. The Government of Emperor Joseph II dealt roughly with church interests; about twenty monasteries of the diocese were suppressed, a general seminary was opened at Innsbruck, and pilgrimages and processions were forbidden. The Prince-Bishopric of Brixen as such was not affected.


title: Rao–Blackwell theorem

text: An example of an improvable Rao–Blackwell improvement, when using a minimal sufficient statistic that is not complete, was provided by Galili and Meilijson in 2016. Let X 1 , … , X n {\displaystyle X_{1},\ldots ,X_{n}} be a random sample from a scale-uniform distribution X ∼ U ( ( 1 − k ) θ , ( 1 + k ) θ ) , {\displaystyle X\sim U\left((1-k)\theta ,(1+k)\theta \right),} with unknown mean E [ X ] = θ {\displaystyle E=\theta } and known design parameter k ∈ ( 0 , 1 ) {\displaystyle k\in (0,1)} . In the search for "best" possible unbiased estimators for θ , {\displaystyle \theta ,} it is natural to consider X 1 {\displaystyle X_{1}} as an initial (crude) unbiased estimator for θ {\displaystyle \theta } and then try to improve it. Since X 1 {\displaystyle X_{1}} is not a function of T = ( X ( 1 ) , X ( n ) ) {\displaystyle T=\left(X_{(1)},X_{(n)}\right)} , the minimal sufficient statistic for θ {\displaystyle \theta } (where X ( 1 ) = min ( X i ) {\displaystyle X_{(1)}=\min(X_{i})} and X ( n ) = max ( X i ) {\displaystyle X_{(n)}=\max(X_{i})} ), it may be improved using the Rao–Blackwell theorem as follows:


title: Comfort Momoh

text: In September 2017, BBC Newsnight raised questions about the examination of at least five children by Momoh. The programme explored the weight given by British authorities to the physical examination of girls for FGM and an allegation that the examinations caused trauma to children who had not in fact experienced FGM. Families were reportedly fearful of being accused and split up. Since 2012, the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health has required that child-abuse victims be examined by specialist doctors. Newsnight reported that Momoh had referred to herself as "Dr", although her doctorate is an honorary one, and that during a 2014 court case, the judge, James Munby, had criticized her evidence as unreliable. Momoh responded that she had done nothing wrong and had nothing to hide. Nimco Ali, an anti-FGM activist, told The Times: "Comfort has led work to end FGM for over 30 years and has enriched the lives of countless women and girls. Attempts at character assassination of such a great woman shameful."


title: Aaron Bancroft

text: He began his studies during the American Revolution, and served as a minuteman, and was present, at the battles of both Lexington and Bunker Hill. He graduated from Harvard in 1778 and subsequently taught, studied theology and spent three years as a missionary in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia. In 1785 he settled in Worcester, Massachusetts as pastor of the Congregational church, and remained in the same post until his death in 1839. During the middle of his life his theological views leaned toward Arminianism and by his advocacy of liberalism he became a noted leader in the early period of the Unitarian schism. He published a eulogy of George Washington in 1800 and wrote a subsequent biography of Washington in 1807. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1805, and was a founding member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1812, for which he served as vice-president from 1816 to 1831. Although president of the American Unitarian Association, he adhered to the name and system of Congregationalism until his death in Worcester, Massachusetts.


title: Renfrew, Ontario

text: Much of Renfrew's current prosperity can be attributed to its status as an economic centre for a surrounding rural region with a population of over 30,000. Renfrew is also an important stop for Ottawa-based cottagers and outdoor enthusiasts passing by on their way to nearby whitewater rafting, boating, camping, hunting, golfing, fishing, snowmobiling, down-hill skiing, and cross-country skiing. However, the area's largest single employers are the Renfrew Victoria Hospital and the Bonnechere Manor. In addition to numerous small employers, there are also several manufacturing facilities employing several hundred people; Scapa Tapes Renfrew (formerly Renfrew Tape) makes products such as hockey tape that is used across North America and the duct tape brand featured on the discontinued Red Green Show and promoted by Doug Gilmour in the early 1990s after becoming a member of the Toronto Maple Leafs. Times Fibre Canada and Madawaska Hardwood Flooring also have manufacturing facilities in town. Haley Industries located outside Renfrew near Haley Station is also a major employer in the area. Renfrew is also home to many successful small businesses. Between 2000 and 2005, a major portion of Renfrew's retail business, and the associated customer services jobs, shifted from the west-end Renfrew mall (now demolished) to its east-end industrial park near Highway 17 due to the opening of several major big-box such as No Frills and Walmart and smaller retail stores.


title: Renfrew, Ontario

text: Low Square is located at the corner of Raglan Street and Railway Avenue in downtown Renfrew. The square is a park setting containing the cenotaph, and the Town Hall. In 1918, with approval of Council, and at his own expense, the Honourable Thomas Low donated and landscaped the property as a gift to the town for the purpose of constructing a cenotaph to honour local soldiers who died in The Great War, but he died before it was unveiled. The Renfrew Police station (later the OPP detachment) was built as a small brown brick building on the back of the square in 1972, replacing the station directly to the south of it. A new town hall was constructed as an addition to the police station, in the 1980s, with municipal offices moving from the old Temperance Hall building directly across the street. In February 2017, the full building became town hall offices and Ontario Court of Justice offices when the police moved to a new location at 450 O'Brien Road. The name of Tom Low lives on in the Park he landscaped, which A.A. Wright declared "from this time on and for all time to be known as Low Square".


title: Renfrew, Ontario

text: The Renfrew Post Office, built in 1908, is located at 249 Raglan Street South. Built in the Romanesque Revival style with exterior walls of irregularly coursed split-faced stone and mansard roof clad in seamed copper, this beautiful edifice is a major landmark on Renfrew's main throughfare. The tapered silhouette of the metal-clad clock tower, hipped gable roof and weather vane tops the stone structure that has twinned principal entrances with metal coats of arms located above. Located below the top centre window is the engraving E.R. 1908, representing the monarch at the time of construction. The interior consists of hardwood finishes, terrazzo tile floors, plaster ceilings and walls with wood dados. Over the years, the building has shared use of the post office, customs and revenue offices, and the NHA/NHL Birthplace Museum. In 2018, the building was sold by the town to Rob Thompson Hotels Ltd. for the price tag of $100,000 with the proposal of a boutique hotel in the upper levels of the building, while retaining the post office on the main level and numerous conditions to keep the historical features intact.


title: Renfrew, Ontario

text: The Renfrew Public Library had rather simple beginnings; a group of residents discussing the latest philosophies and varied topics in William Dickson's cobbler shop which opened up in 1845 near the current location of the post office. After gathering up a few books in 1852, Mr. Dickson, Mr. Archie Thompson, and local lawyer, Mr. Elkanah Billings formed the Renfrew Mechanics Institute and Library Association, which lasted for about fifteen years before being revitalized in 1870 by a new group of people. By the end of the century, the Institute emerged as a newly formed Public Library Board and the books were moved to the Barnet Block at 282 Raglan Street, above what was James Clark's drugstore. The current building located at 13 Railway Avenue, was opened in 1920 with financial support from the Carnegie Institute, and in 1959, the Children's Library was established in the completely renovated basement. In the 1980s, the library became wheelchair accessible by an addition at the east and south side of the building, which also expanded the research and reading area into the second floor of the adjacent building at 161 Raglan Street.


title: Alina, the Turkish Assassin

text: Production began early 2010 and after a long search, Seda Eğridere was cast as the title character Alina in the feature film. Consulting director/producer for the film was the acclaimed American director Bobby Roth. Upon being cast as the titular character, Eğridere persuaded director Bobby Roth to shoot parts of the film in her home country. In an interview with one of the top newspapers in Turkey, Hurriyet, Bobby Roth praised Eğridere's acting performance and work discipline and noted that "I accepted the project and agreed to shoot in Turkey only because I trusted Seda." The casting process for the male lead actor was diligent and producers had difficulty finding a Turkish actor who spoke good English but finally, in 2012, Tamer Karadağlı was cast from a large pool of acclaimed Turkish celebrities to play the male lead opposite Eğridere. For the movie, Egridere was required to speak Russian, Spanish and Arabic, undergo extensive martial arts training and learn to ride a motorcycle to play the title role of Alina. She was celebrated for her physical performance and the sex scenes with Tamer Karadağlı generated a lot of buzz around the film.


title: Lei Yixin

text: Lei won top prizes in national competitions three consecutive years, and was recognized as a master sculptor, which came with a lifetime stipend from the Chinese government. He has sculpted some 150 public monuments, including statues of Mao Zedong. Some of his works are in China's National Art Gallery collection. Lei came to the attention of the American public when he was named artist-of-record and commissioned to sculpt the centerpiece for the proposed monument to Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The announcement of Lei spurred an international protest spearheaded by Gilbert Young and Lea-Winfrey Young, co-founders of the organization "King Is Ours", a multi-racial and multi-cultural organization formed to protest the decisions made by the King Memorial Project Foundation which included choosing Lei without due process. According to Agence France-Presse, it was only by chance that memorial organizers found Lei when they visited an international granite-carving festival in the American state of Minnesota. Lei was "discovered" under a tree, taking a nap after he was pointed out to the King Memorial Project Foundation committee with the words, "you should talk to that guy over there," pointing to Lei.


title: Lei Yixin

text: In April 2008 the U.S. Commission of Fine Art rejected Lei's design for the King Memorial Sculpture. In a letter dated 28 April, the commission wrote that Lei's presentation was an inappropriate expression of Dr. King, declaring King too "confrontational" in Lei's sculpture, and asking for a more "sympathetic" King. Some changes were made to Lei's design, and construction began. There were other controversies on the project which did not involve Lei, but were often connected to him, such as over the Chinese sourcing of granite for his sculpture and the choice of Chinese artisans who were employed to carve the stone, both of which were the decision of lead architect Ed Jackson. In addition, mistakes by the architects on the project forced Lei to make last-minute changes, such as replacing a pen in the hand of King with a scroll when a photo the architects had used as a model turned out to be reversed. Most controversially, the "drum major" quote by King was shortened for inclusion on Lei's sculpture; this occurred when the team of architects wanted Lei to reverse the placement of two planned quotes, after he had already been instructed to carve out space for them, and having done as instructed there was then not enough space for the quote in a new position unless it was shortened. Jackson made the decision to cut the quote down to size. Later criticism by poet Maya Angelou, The Washington Post, and others caused a reassessment of that decision, and the entire quote was removed in August 2013.


title: Lei Yixin

text: The completed work, a 30 feet (9.1 m) tall statue, was unveiled in August 2011 to mark the 48th anniversary of King's "I Have a Dream" speech. Due to Hurricane Irene, the official dedication was postponed until October 2011. Reviews of the finished sculpture were mixed. Some reviewers criticized the King statue on the basis of Lei's earlier work making representations of Mao Zedong, of which they disapproved. Other reviews focused on the way Lei depicted King. The stoic, unsmiling pose of King in Lei's sculpture has been criticized by some since the initial rejection of Lei's design, due to its perceived severe divergence from a popular media image of King as a unifying, hopeful leader and peace campaigner. However, other critics praised Lei's more risky depiction. African Americans in particular noted the avoidance of mythology in the "confrontational" expression of King, suggesting Lei showed King facing the challenges of the present rather than dwelling in nostalgia. Lei said, "you can see the hope, but his serious demeanor also indicated that he's thinking."


title: Karma in Hinduism

text: According to Madhva, God, although He has control, does not interfere with Man's free will; although He is omnipotent, that does not mean that He engages in extraordinary feats. Rather, God enforces a rule of law and, in accordance with the just deserts of jivas, gives them the freedom to follow their own nature. Thus, God functions as the sanctioner or as the divine accountant, and accordingly Jivas are free to work according to their innate nature and their accumulated karma, good and bad. Since God acts as the sanctioner, the ultimate power for everything comes from God and the Jiva only utilizes that power, according to his/her innate nature. However, like Shankara's interpretation of the Brahma Sutras as mentioned earlier, Madhva, agrees that the rewards and punishments bestowed by God are regulated by Him in accordance with the good and sinful deeds performed by them, and He does so of out of His own will to keep himself firm in justice and he cannot be controlled in His actions by karma of human beings nor can He be accused of partiality or cruelty to anyone.


title: Karma in Hinduism

text: Srikantha, another Saivite theologian and proponent of Siva Advaita, believes that individual souls themselves do things which may be regarded as the cause of their particular actions, or desisting from particular actions, in accordance with the nature of the fruition of their past deeds. Srikantha further believes that Siva only helps a person when he wishes to act in a particular way or to desist from a particular action. Regarding the view that karma produce their own effects directly, Srikantha holds that karma being without any intelligence cannot be expected to produce manifold effects through various births and various bodies; rather fruits of one's karma can be performed only by the will of God operating in consonance with man's free will, or as determined in later stages by man's own karma so the prints of all karma are distributed in the proper order by the grace of God Shiva. In this way, God is ultimately responsible on the one hand for our actions, and on the other for enjoyment and suffering in accordance with our karmas, without any prejudice to humans' moral responsibility as expressed through free will or as determined later by our own deeds. A good summary of his view is that "man is responsible, free to act as he wills to, for Siva only fulfills needs according to the soul's karma."


title: Karma in Hinduism

text: In Chapter 1 of 10th book of the Bhagavata Purana, Vasudeva, the father of Krishna, exhorts Kamsa to refrain from killing his wife, Devaki, the mother of Krishna, by stating that death is certain for those who are born and when the body returns to the five elements, the soul leaves the body and helplessly obtains another form in accordance with the laws of karma, citing passages from Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, IV:4:3. Moreover, he adds and states that the soul materializes into an appropriate body whatever the state of the mind one remembers at the time of death; i.e., at the time of the death, the soul and its subtle body of mind, intelligence and ego, is projected into the womb of a creature, human or non-human that can provide a gross body that is most suitable for the dominant state of the mind of the particular person at the time of death; note that this passage is similar in meaning as Bhagavad Gita, VIII, verse 6. Edwin Bryant, associate professor of religion at Rutgers University, New Jersey provided the foregoing commentaries on the discussion of Vasudeva in the Bhagavata Purana.


title: Karma in Hinduism

text: In Hinduism, more particularly the Dharmaśāstras, Karma is a principle in which "cause and effect are as inseparably linked in the moral sphere as assumed in the physical sphere by science. A good action has its reward and a bad action leads to retribution. If the bad actions do not yield their consequences in this life, the soul begins another existence and in the new environment undergoes suffering for its past deeds". Thus it is important to understand that karma does not go away; one must either reap the benefits or suffer the consequences of his past actions. The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad states, "According as a man acts and according as he believes so will he be; a man of meritorious acts will be meritorious, a man of evil deeds sinful. He becomes pure by pure deeds and evil by evil deeds. And here they say that person consists of desires. And as is his desire so is his will; and as is his will, so is his deed; and whatever deeds he does that he will reap". The doctrine of karma dates from ancient times and besides the above author is mentioned in the Gautama dharma-sutra, Shatapatha Brahmana, Kathaaka-grey-sutra, Chandogya Upanishad, Markandeya Purana, and many others.


title: Karma in Hinduism

text: According to Swami Mukundananda's interpretation of Gita, Chapter 18, verse 63, he states that "his free will to choose between available alternatives has been given to the soul by God. The freedom of choice is not infinite. One cannot decide, "I choose to be the most intelligent person in the world." Our choices are limited by our past and present karmas. However, we do possess a certain amount of free will, for we are not machines in the hands of God. Sometimes people question that if God had not given us free will then we would not have done any evil. But then we would not have done anything good either. The opportunity to do good always comes with the danger of doing evil. More importantly, God wants us to love him, and love is only possible when there is a choice. A machine cannot love for it does not have any freedom of choice. God created us with free will and provided us with choices so that we may choose him and thereby exercise our love for him. Even the all-powerful God cannot force the soul to love and surrender to him; this decision has to be made by the soul itself. Here, Shree Krishna is calling Arjun's attention to his free will and asking him to choose."


title: Charley Pell

text: After the 1982 season, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) began an investigation into possible rules violations by Pell and his staff at Florida. Pell took full responsibility for the violations in August 1984 and announced he would resign at the end of the season. However, on September 16, only three games into the season, the NCAA announced that Florida was alleged to have committed 107 infractions—including spying on other teams' practices, payments and gifts to players, and allowing walk-ons to stay in the athletic dorm. That night, university president Marshall Criser fired Pell and named his offensive coordinator, Galen Hall, as interim coach. Hall and the 1984 Gators won Florida's first-ever Southeastern Conference (SEC) football championship, but the SEC refused to allow the Gators to play in the Sugar Bowl; LSU went in their place. In January 1985, after it was ultimately determined that Pell and the Gators coaching staff had actually committed 59 infractions, the NCAA placed Florida on two years' probation and banned the Gators from bowl games and live television in 1985 and 1986. The NCAA also reduced the Gators' football scholarships by 20 over three years. To the shock and dismay of the team and fans, the SEC university presidents voted to retroactively vacate the Gators' 1984 SEC championship in the spring of 1985. The loss of scholarships proved to be the most crippling sanction in the long-term; with a depleted roster, the Gators did not win more than seven games from 1986 to 1989.


title: Tom Whiteside

text: Hoskin and Whiteside were joined by Adolf Prag to edit the eight volume Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton . Reviewing first volume of the work, Christoph Scriba wrote, "...must be praised the extraordinary care and conscientiousness of the editor who collected, organized, transcribed and edited the wealth of material in a superb way." According to Carl Boyer, "Historians of science in general, and Newtonian scholars in particular, owe a heavy debt of gratitude to Dr Whiteside for the altogether exemplary manner in which he is making available to us the ample evidence concerning the making of one of the world's three greatest mathematicians." Boyer also notes that "René Descartes and two Hollanders, Hudde and van Schooten, are cited more frequently than are Barrow and Wallis", discounting the notion that Isaac Barrow was Newton's teacher. Rosalind Tanner described the beginning of volume one: "the Preface, Editorial Note, General Introduction, and brief Forward to Volume 1, providing in turn the story of the undertaking, the how and why of the presentation, the history of the Newton manuscripts, and the scope of this Volume 1, and each in its way a notable achievement." Tanner also reviewed volume 2 and its concern with Gerhard Kinckhuysen's Dutch textbook on algebra, partially translated into Latin by Nicholas Mercator, and worked on by Newton until the project was abandoned in 1676.


title: Tom Whiteside

text: Whiteside wrote a 19-page non-technical account, Newton the Mathematician. In this essay he describes Newton's mathematical development starting in secondary school. Whiteside says that the most important influence on Newton's mathematical development was Book II of René Descartes's La Géométrie. Book II is devoted to a problem that had been considered and partly solved by Pappus of Alexandria and Apollonius of Perga. Descartes completely solved the problem, inventing new mathematics as needed. The problem is this: Given n lines L, with points P(L) on them, find the locus of points Q, such that the lengths of the line segments QP(C) satisfy certain conditions. For example, if n = 4, given lines a, b, c, and d and a point A on a, B on b, and so on, find the locus of points Q such that the product QA*QB equals the product QC*QD. When the lines are not all parallel, Pappus had shown that the locus of points Q was a conic section. Descartes considered larger n, allowing some lines to be parallel, and he obtained cubic and higher degree curves. He was able to do this by producing the equation that the points of Q satisfy, using the Cartesian coordinate system. The rest of Descartes's Book II is occupied with showing that the cubic curves arise naturally in the study of optics from the Snell-Descartes Law. Newton developed an interest in optics. Newton was inspired to undertake the classification of cubic curves, and he identified 72 of the 78 different species.


title: Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre

text: As a result of the poor communications between countries following the Chernobyl disaster in the Spring of 1986, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) was requested by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and other international organizations to arrange for early warning messages about nuclear accidents to be transmitted over the Global Telecommunications System (GTS). In addition some WMO member countries that lacked extensive forecasting capability requested that specialized pollutant transport and dispersion forecasts be provided during these emergencies. As a result, during 1989 Meteo-France (MF), Environment Canada (EC) and the United Kingdom's Met Office (UKMO) were all set up as RSMCs under interim arrangements between the WMO and the IAEA. Under these arrangements Meteo-France provided global coverage with the UKMO as the backup centre until each WMO region had at least two RSMCs for transport model products. The need for the rationalization of transport and dispersion forecasts became even more apparent during the oil fire emergency after the Persian Gulf War, when several organizations provided personnel on the ground with predictions of the smoke plume behaviour which were often misleading as there was no existing and well-recognized system to sort out the predictions from less experienced sources.


title: HUD reports

text: Urban America will double in the next 40 years, growing as much in that time as all of American urban growth since the landing of the Pilgrims. In that short period, the needs of older cities must be met at the same time that more than 100 million additional persons will be living in the Nation's metropolitan areas. The question facing governments at every level, private industry and the public, is not whether provisions can be made for this massive and complex growth. Houses will be built - as will schools, hospitals, libraries, airports, water and sewer systems, roads, shopping centers and office buildings. Of this there can be no doubt. What is in doubt is the shape and substance of cities and their opportunities; i.e., the quality of urban life. The form and quality of future cities is affected by many factors: Local administration, intergovernmental relations, municipal finance, private investment, water and sewer and other public facilities, and - basically - by urban transportation. The life of a city depends on its transportation system. Inefficient transportation services increase the costs of local industry and commerce. They rob citizens of their time and comfort. They penalize especially the poor and the handicapped.


title: Ecophysiology

text: Light is the food of plants, i.e. the form of energy that plants use to build themselves and reproduce. The organs harvesting light in plants are leaves and the process through which light is converted into biomass is photosynthesis. The response of photosynthesis to light is called light response curve of net photosynthesis (PI curve). The shape is typically described by a non-rectangular hyperbola. Three quantities of the light response curve are particularly useful in characterising a plant's response to light intensities. The inclined asymptote has a positive slope representing the efficiency of light use, and is called quantum efficiency; the x-intercept is the light intensity at which biochemical assimilation (gross assimilation) balances leaf respiration so that the net CO2 exchange of the leaf is zero, called light compensation point; and a horizontal asymptote representing the maximum assimilation rate. Sometimes after reaching the maximum assimilation declines for processes collectively known as photoinhibition.


title: Ecophysiology

text: In response to extremes of temperature, plants can produce various proteins. These protect them from the damaging effects of ice formation and falling rates of enzyme catalysis at low temperatures, and from enzyme denaturation and increased photorespiration at high temperatures. As temperatures fall, production of antifreeze proteins and dehydrins increases. As temperatures rise, production of heat shock proteins increases. Metabolic imbalances associated with temperature extremes result in the build-up of reactive oxygen species, which can be countered by antioxidant systems. Cell membranes are also affected by changes in temperature and can cause the membrane to lose its fluid properties and become a gel in cold conditions or to become leaky in hot conditions. This can affect the movement of compounds across the membrane. To prevent these changes, plants can change the composition of their membranes. In cold conditions, more unsaturated fatty acids are placed in the membrane and in hot conditions, more saturated fatty acids are inserted.


title: Ecophysiology

text: The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is rising due to deforestation and the combustion of fossil fuels. This would be expected to increase the efficiency of photosynthesis and possibly increase the overall rate of plant growth. This possibility has attracted considerable interest in recent years, as an increased rate of plant growth could absorb some of the excess CO2 and reduce the rate of global warming. Extensive experiments growing plants under elevated CO2 using Free-Air Concentration Enrichment have shown that photosynthetic efficiency does indeed increase. Plant growth rates also increase, by an average of 17% for above-ground tissue and 30% for below-ground tissue. However, detrimental impacts of global warming, such as increased instances of heat and drought stress, mean that the overall effect is likely to be a reduction in plant productivity. Reduced plant productivity would be expected to accelerate the rate of global warming. Overall, these observations point to the importance of avoiding further increases in atmospheric CO2 rather than risking runaway climate change.


title: Ecophysiology

text: Wind influences the way leaves regulate moisture, heat, and carbon dioxide. When no wind is present, a layer of still air builds up around each leaf. This is known as the boundary layer and in effect insulates the leaf from the environment, providing an atmosphere rich in moisture and less prone to convective heating or cooling. As wind speed increases, the leaf environment becomes more closely linked to the surrounding environment. It may become difficult for the plant to retain moisture as it is exposed to dry air. On the other hand, a moderately high wind allows the plant to cool its leaves more easily when exposed to full sunlight. Plants are not entirely passive in their interaction with wind. Plants can make their leaves less vulnerable to changes in wind speed, by coating their leaves in fine hairs (trichomes) to break up the airflow and increase the boundary layer. In fact, leaf and canopy dimensions are often finely controlled to manipulate the boundary layer depending on the prevailing environmental conditions.


title: Veettoda Mappillai

text: Kandaswamy, a restaurant owner, has a son Muthupandi and three daughters: Meena, Jamuna, and Rani. When Muthupandi was young, he fought with his father, cut his father's hand with a knife, and ran away to Mumbai. Kandaswamy brings up his daughters alone. His elder two daughters marry his relatives Ganga and Dhamu, two jobless and lazy sons-in-law. Manikkam, a jobless young graduate, is hired by Kandaswamy. Manikkam works sincerely, and Kandaswamy decides to marry Meena to him. He requests to Manikkam that the couple must stay with him. Manikkam accepts, then he and Meena get married. Meanwhile, Ganga and Dhamu begin a company with their wives' jewels, but it is bankrupt. Muthupandi, a hotel owner in Mumbai, comes back with his wife and children. Muthupandi's hotel was also bankrupt, and he lost everything. Muthupandi, with Ganga and Dhamu's support, brings out Meena and Manikkam. Manikkam opens a restaurant in front of Kandaswamy's restaurant. Muthupandi changes his father's restaurant into a bar while he was absent. Muthupandi's former henchmen blackmailed him to give them money. Back home, Kandaswamy is humiliated by his son and attempts to commit suicide. Muthupandi's former henchmen beat him, and he is taken hostage by them. Ganga and Dhamu then save Muthupandi, and the three of them apologise to Kandaswamy. They live happily together.


title: Tickled

text: Farrier and Reeve discover documents on a defunct tickling video web site that link Jane O'Brien Media to David D'Amato, the former school administrator behind the "Terri Tickle" alias. From two journalists who had investigated Terri DiSisto years earlier, they learn that D'Amato served a six-month prison sentence for disabling computer systems at two different universities in retaliation against an 18-year-old male student who attempted to terminate an online relationship, which began when the young man was 17. They determine that D'Amato now lives on a substantial inheritance from his father, a successful lawyer. After considerable effort to locate D'Amato, they confront him on the street, and he responds with additional legal threats. Before returning to New Zealand, Farrier contacts D'Amato's stepmother for comment. She implicitly confirms her stepson's "tickling" past, and Farrier informs her that he believes D'Amato is still involved in it. The last thing she says is that she is "afraid" of D'Amato.


title: Ruby-Spears

text: The Ruby-Spears studio was founded in 1977 as a subsidiary of Filmways (later Orion Pictures) and sold in late 1981 to Taft Broadcasting, becoming a sister company to Hanna-Barbera. In 1991, Ruby-Spears was spun off into RS Holdings. Most of the pre-1991 Ruby-Spears Productions library was sold along with Hanna-Barbera to Turner Broadcasting System, which in turn merged with Time Warner (now Warner Bros. Discovery) in 1996. The Ruby-Spears studio closed in 1996 after 19 years of operation. As of now, Ruby-Spears' pre-1991 library is owned by Warner Bros. through Warner Bros. Animation. The few pre-1991 Ruby-Spears shows not owned by Warner Bros. are Rambo: The Force of Freedom, which is owned and distributed by StudioCanal which also own and distribute the first three live-action Rambo films, It's Punky Brewster, which is owned by Universal Television , and Piggsburg Pigs!, which is owned by The Walt Disney Company through its acquisition of Fox Kids Worldwide (now ABC Family Worldwide) in 2001.


title: Mighty Sparrow

text: In 1956, Sparrow won Trinidad's Carnival Road March and Calypso King competitions with his most famous song, "Jean and Dinah" (also known as "Yankees Gone", a song celebrating the departure of US troops from Trinidad). A live performance of "Yankees Gone" was included in the album Jump Up Carnival in Trinidad. His prize for winning the Calypso King title was $40. In protest of the small sum (the winner of the Carnival Queen beauty contest won $7,500), he wrote the song "Carnival Boycott" and attempted to organize other singers to boycott the competition. About half of the singers followed, including Lord Melody. Sparrow claims credit for succeeding improvements in the conditions of calypso and steelband musicians in Trinidad, as well as the formation of the Carnival Development Committee, a musicians' assistance organization. Sparrow refused to officially participate in the competition for the next three years, but he continued to perform unofficially, even winning another Road March title in 1958 with "P.A.Y.E." He did perform at the 1957 carnival in the Young Brigade Calypso Tent, where the four songs he performed were recorded and later released on the album Calypso Kings and Pink Gin.


title: Mighty Sparrow

text: As soca began to supplant calypso in popularity in Trinidad and Tobago during the late 1970s and early 1980s, Sparrow embraced the hybrid of calypso and soul fused with the local chutney music. In 1984 he won his eighth Road March title with the soca-influenced "Doh Back Back". Also around this time, he began to spend at least half the year in New York City, finding an apartment in the West Indian neighborhoods in Jamaica, Queens. In 1985, he performed at the carnival's King of Kings show alongside The Mighty Swallow, Blue Boy, Scrunter, Blakie, Mighty Duke, and Black Stalin, taking the "King of Kings" title and the US$10,000 first prize. He would later win the title for a second time. His last major title came in 1992, with "Both of Them" and "Survival" winning him the Calypso Monarch title. He made an appearance at the Reggae Sunsplash festival in 1993. Although less active since the mid-1990s, Sparrow continued to perform, and tour into the 21st century; in a 2001 interview he mentioned that he had been singing and performing a "Gospel-lypso" hybrid. In 2008, he released a song supporting Barack Obama's presidential campaign, "Barack the Magnificent". He also did a remake of his "Congo Man" song with fellow Trinidadian Machel Montano on the 2008 Flame On album.


title: Mighty Sparrow

text: Sparrow also frequently comments on social and political issues in his songs. During his early career he was a supporter of Eric Williams and his People's National Movement (PNM), which formed in 1955 and led Trinidad and Tobago to independence in 1962; songs such as "Leave The Damn Doctor Alone" and "William the Conqueror" mentioned Williams directly, while others such as "Federation" (blaming Jamaica for the breakup of the short-lived West Indies Federation), "Our Model Nation" (celebrating Trinidadian independence), and "PAYE" (supporting the PNM's pay-as-you-earn tax system) echoed PNM positions. Sparrow did express discontent in 1957's "No, Doctor, No", but it was comparatively mild, and aimed at holding PNM politicians to their promises rather than replacing them. Sparrow cleverly combined political criticism with sexual innuendo in his mid-1960s song "BG Plantain", which decried the ban levied by PM Williams on imported plantain from British Guiana (BG); plantain, a large banana-shaped vegetable, is a staple of West Indian cuisine, and Sparrow praised the BG plantain as larger, sweeter, and superior to the home-grown Trinidadian variety.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: At age 17 Gallagher joined the Gallagher Group, starting as a tea boy, before working as a plasterer, plumber and bricklayer. By 1971, he was head of house sales during the wider Irish housing boom. After the sudden death of his father in January 1974, Gallagher became the head of the Gallagher Group at age 22. Along with the main business, he also inherited a stud farm, a shopping centre, a building society, a builder's providers company, and two small banks. He also inherited his father's network of political and business allies, in particular Charles Haughey and John Byrne, who both mentored him in those years immediately after his father's death. As his inheritance was held in trusts on the Cayman Islands it was exempt from estate tax, but the Gallagher Group was not protected. The failure of Gallagher and the business was anticipated, but he saved the business by laying off staff and selling off a large portion of the land his father had accrued. He reconstituted the Gallagher Group board in March 1975, with new, younger board members. Gallagher became known for his high-flying lifestyle in the most exclusive restaurants, bars and nightclubs of Dublin, being driven around by a chauffeur in a Rolls-Royce. He mixed business with leisure, often conducting meetings in hotel bars. In 1977 Gallagher had a cancer scare, but this appeared to fuel his excessive lifestyle.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: He came under pressure from the Central Bank to divest his two banks, Merchant Banking Ltd and Merchant Banking (Northern Ireland) Ltd, of all their almost exclusive investments in the Gallagher Group. In 1977 he reduced Merchant Banking's activities significantly. While it continued to lend to the Gallagher Group, it also operated from an office in his shopping centre in Donaghmede where it received small deposits from local shoppers. Between 1977 and 1978 Merchant Banking (Northern Ireland) doubled its deposit base to £1.19 million, and it was transferred to the ownership of another Gallagher company in April 1978, removing it from the regulatory oversight of the Central Bank. This allowed it to lend freely to the Gallagher Group. Gallagher's building society, the O'Connell Benefit, was also growing fast, with the Gallagher family having 4 of the 7 board seats. When the funds of Merchant Banking waned, the O'Connell Benefit was directed by Gallagher to deposit amounts of £250,000 to £500,000 in the bank.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: While Ireland experienced a recession from 1974 to 1976, Gallagher built homes for the higher end of the market, selling off large greenfield sites outside of Dublin which were earmarked for low-cost building, whilst then buying smaller sites near to more up-market and established suburbs. Unlike the semi-detached homes in large estates his father built, Gallagher built bungalows with large gardens in small estates where the houses had a less uniform appearance. His developments were bolstered by very positive coverage in the property pages of both The Irish Times and Irish Independent, with the editor of the property section of the latter later admitting that Gallagher paid them for the coverage. To further maximise his profits, Gallagher would buy up large sites, secure planning permission for development, and then sell them on as smaller parcels to smaller builders and developers. He would then offer them finance from Merchant Banking with a phased payment scheme, only requiring repayment on completion. Alongside this, he also had marketing and architectural services, and would take on the development of housing estate amenities including parks and roads. This resulted in the Gallagher Group moving away from construction almost exclusively to property speculation by 1977.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: Gallagher continued the relationship his father had cultivated with the leading planner in Dublin, George Redmond, giving him regular large payments and paying for family holidays. The Gallaghers were both Fianna Fáil supporters and donors, but Gallagher had allies in other political parties. In March 1977, Gallagher had lost the right to final appeal on a permission to build 500 houses in Malahide, it was James Tully, the Labour Party minister for local government, who granted him permission despite strong local opposition. Gallagher would often disregard the planning process entirely, instructing his contractors to build before planning permission was approved. His developments often ignored conditions laid down by planners, and Gallagher would also fail to provide amenities such as footpaths and green spaces in his housing estates while still charging ground rent to the new homeowners. The Gallagher Group became notorious for proceeding against and seeking jail sentences for homeowners who did not pay the ground rent due.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: His new business model of residential development allowed him to free up large amounts of capital, which he directed towards office developments. When Rohan Ltd invested £500,000 in the Gallagher Group in 1976, these funds were directed towards purchasing land in Dublin city. Spurred on by the election of a Fianna Fáil government in 1977, and the expansion of the public sector brought in a new surge in demand for office space in Dublin. The government chose not to build its own offices, instead suspended the capital levy on office developments and encouraged certain developers to build the office facilities that the government would then lease long-term. Gallagher concentrated on sites in Dublin 2, focusing on the St Stephen's Green area. The Gallagher Group was instrumental in the demolition of a number of historic buildings in the area's Georgian and Victorian core, and replaced them with unsympathetic, modern office blocks in which he was fiercely opposed by preservationists. Like his father, Gallagher worked with Desmond Fitzgerald on these developments. Older buildings that Gallagher owned were often left open to the weather, and there were a number of suspicious accidents that damaged them beyond repair.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: One of his most notorious developments was on Molesworth and Dawson Streets, when in 1978 he demolished a series of Georgian and Victorian buildings. Two of the most notable buildings razed were St Ann's School and Molesworth Hall which were designed by Thomas Newenham Deane and Benjamin Woodward. Architectural students occupied St Ann's School in an attempt to delay its demolition, and Gallagher responded with a press conference announcing that he would lay off 300 workers across the city if the occupation was not ended. This led to counter demonstration from the construction workers, and ultimately a high court injunction ordering the squatters to be evicted, which Gallagher did forcibly. The injunction was obtained on the grounds that the school could collapse at any moment, but the building had to be demolished by hand when the bulldozers failed to demolish it. He built an office block designed by Fitzgerald, which he later sold at a profit of £2-3 million to a pension fund. Through rapid turnover, Gallagher spent an estimated £45 million between 1976 and 1982. He would occasionally appear to have over reached, but would save himself by closing a large sale when most in need of cash. One such occasion was when he had purchased Sean Lemass House (formerly St Vincent's Hospital) on St Stephen's Green for £5 million, he sold it 7 months later to the Irish Permanent Building Society for £7.5 million in December 1979. He had only paid a £500,000 deposit. Gallagher was a friend of the Irish Permanent's chief executive, but he later denied he had been bribed to pay more than it was worth.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: Gallagher invested in racehorses, including £4 million in the bloodstock market, and participating in the racing and breeding syndicate at Coolmore. This led to a loss of £200,000 with the loss of Try My Best at the English 2,000 Guineas, leading to Gallagher selling all but £50,000 of his interests. In a partnership with 2 others, Gallagher bought Phoenix Park racecourse in 1980, and started a redevelopment. Gallagher continued to spend large amount of money personally, including £200,000 on improving Ballymacarney House before he purchased Straffan House on its 300-acre estate in 1979 for £1 million. He then spent another £1 million renovating it over 3 years. During this time he ignored the gallery that his father had promised to the Royal Hibernian Academy, which had come to a halt in 1975. Instead, he used the site on Ely Place as a storage yard for his other building sites. In 1981, he paid the £1.5 million ransom for his friend Ben Dunne after his kidnapping by the IRA, which was later repaid.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: The Irish economy began to falter under high interest rates from 1980, and for the first time Gallagher's properties were not rising in value to compensate for the interest on his debts. Gallagher responded by taking on a number of ill-advised and ambitious projects, despite warnings from other including Haughey. He bought a 330-acre site at Fortunestown for low-cost residential development, but could not find any builders to develop it. In an attempt to stimulate cash flow, he built a high-end shopping centre on St Stephen's Green, the Galleria and started on the redevelopment of Phoenix Park racecourse, against the advice of his bankers. The Galleria struggled to find tenants, and the racecourse ran over budget, costing £2 million over the year from 1981 to 1982. As his debts mounted, Gallagher relied on the O'Connell Benefit, taking out large sums and taking longer to repay. When his demand of £1 million was denied by the society's board of directors in 1981, Gallagher lost control of O'Connell Benefit. Merchant Banking (Northern Ireland), now called Merbro, had been transferring such large amounts to Merchant Banking in Dublin that in March 1972, the Bank of England revoked its licence. Undeterred, Gallagher bought the 4.5-acre Slazenger site on St Stephen's Green, the largest commercial property site in Dublin that would later become Stephen's Green Shopping Centre, acquiring the site for £50,000 in cash with the agreement that he would take on the Slazenger's debts of £10 million. Irish Life Assurance company had indicated it would pay £16 million for the site in 1981 if the outstanding planning and lease problems could be resolved by Gallagher. Gallagher wrongly assumed he had a legal agreement with Irish Life, and proceeded to buy a 4-acre Earlsfort Terrace site in January 1982 for £9.5 million with plans of selling it to a British institution.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: Gallagher struggled to resolve leasing issues with the Slazenger site, making some progress before he was stymied by one tenant with a strong legal case. In face of this, Irish Life backed out of the purchase, and later the British institution also reneged on the purchase of the site at Earlsfort Terrace after issues with planning permission. With the Irish recession beginning to take hold, and public opinion against the government, on minister conceded that many of the regulations and taxes on property development had been designed to benefit developers such as Gallagher. In an attempt to save his business, Gallagher made a bid to buy the successful supermarket chain, H. Williams, but delays resulted in the sellers realising Gallagher's perilous financial situation. Gallagher sold off many personal assets, and proposed the sale of the Phoenix Park racecourse to his partners, but the banks did not agree to restructure Gallagher's debts. This resulted in him accumulating £100,000 in interest charges alone every week.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: The Gallagher Group was placed in receivership on 29 April 1982, owing £30 million to banks such as Bank of Ireland and AIB, and £20 million to other creditors. Gallagher blamed the bankers for acting too swiftly, and he maintained that his assets were worth £60 million, double their real £26 million. Straffan House was repossessed by the banks just 3 weeks after Gallagher had moved in, along with his stud farm, horses worth £2 million, and his Rolls-Royce. Gallagher's brother, Paul, had to vacate Castle Howard, and his mother forfeited his home, Dolanstown House. Gallagher assisted the receiver for a year. The Dublin property market faltered under the burden of the fallout from Gallagher's bankruptcy, including all of the smaller creditors that went under following the Gallagher Group collapse. O'Connell Benefit survived, but both Merchant Banking and Merbro were liquidated, having lent 80% of their assets to the Gallagher Group, leading to many savers losing their money as the Irish government did not cover the losses of Merchant Banking. The liquidator's report, released in 1984, showed that the Gallagher family, as well as associates, had accrued more than £250,000 in fictitious loans, and a wider fraud investigation was instigated.


title: Patrick Gallagher (businessman)

text: In partnership with his brother Paul, Gallagher attempted to restart his career in property development in 1983, securing finances from small banks. This was owing to a group of friends, Tony O'Reilly, P. V. Doyle, Byrne, and his uncle Charles, paying Gallagher's living expenses and guaranteeing his loans. He moved to London in 1984, where he bought flats which he refurbished and sold on, and by 1987 he could afford Balsoon House on 31 acres at Bective, County Meath, where he lived at the weekends. Gallagher was arrested in March 1988 by the British police following a fraud investigation into the management of Merbro Ltd, he was later bailed. He pleaded guilty in Belfast crown court in November 1989. His sentencing was postponed if he agreed to compensate the depositors, and while he made an initial payment of £500,000 but was unable to pay the further £500,000 with the agreed 11 months. He was imprisoned from October 1990 to October 1991. In June 1990, the Irish director of public prosecutions received a report recommending the Gallagher be charged with fraud in relation to the management of Merchant Banking Ltd, but it was decided not to pursue the charges. The depositors of the bank took a high court civil action against Gallagher, resulting in a settlement in 1996 of an undisclosed sum.


title: Arnold Boate

text: His marriage, which was a love match, to Margaret Dongan, daughter of Thomas Dongan, judge of the Court of King's Bench (Ireland) and his first wife Grace Palmer, strengthened his ties with the Irish Protestant ruling class, although his father-in-law, according to Elrington Ball, was not much respected, partly because he was known to be a Roman Catholic who conformed to the Protestant faith only for the purpose of his career. Arnold, however, wrote of Dongan in his memoir of Margaret with affection and respect. Dongan was a wealthy man, but suffered heavy losses during the Irish Rebellion of 1641. Arnold's sympathies were with the Cromwellian cause and he is said to have acted as a spy for Oliver Cromwell. In 1644 Arnold decided to quit Ireland. He moved briefly to stay with his brother in London but then settled permanently in Paris. He is said to have spied for Cromwell on English Royalists while in Paris. Much of his later career was spent in scholarly dispute with Louis Capel, who had questioned his Biblical readings and the result was a lengthy pamphlet war, involving several scholars on both sides, including Ussher.


title: Ratcliffe Hicks

text: The only child of Ratcliffe and Elizabeth "Lizzie" Canfield Hicks, Elizabeth Hicks became a philanthropist in her own right. She continued to dwell in the family home on Tolland Green after her father's death in 1906. She worked very closely with the University of Connecticut to develop the Ratcliffe Hicks School of Agriculture. She spoke at the dedication ceremony for the school in 1950 and was known for hosting formal teas each spring with the students and campus leaders. Dedicated in 1951 and built with state funding support, the Elizabeth Hicks Residence Hall, a women's dormitory on the UConn campus, is named after her. She also served on many local boards and committees, including the school's and library's, but never ran for political office. She died in 1974 and is buried in Tolland's North Cemetery. Elizabeth bequeathed the Tolland family home to a charitable trust to convert into a museum, now the Hicks-Stearns Family Museum. The museum features Victorian-era family heirlooms and furnishings.


title: Walter Skinner

text: After Skinner has long broken free of the "Cigarette Smoking Man", he is again forced to take orders, this time from Alex Krycek. He is covertly infected with nanotechnology, which gives Krycek the leverage to control him. Two years later, Skinner is finally able to rid himself of Krycek, when during an attempt by Krycek on Mulder's life, Skinner fatally shoots Krycek. At Mulder's murder trial, Skinner is asked to act as Mulder's lawyer, having become a supporter of Mulder's cause. Later, Skinner and Deputy Director Alvin Kersh confront the "Toothpick Man" in Kersh's office, after Agents John Doggett and Monica Reyes discover that the X-Files office had been emptied out. This results in another, apparently permanent, closing of the X-Files division. Six years later, with the X-Files still closed down, Skinner assists Scully in finding Mulder after he goes missing while consulting on the FBI's investigation into the disappearance of a missing agent. Mulder and Skinner are shown to still be on friendly terms, despite Mulder's animosity towards the FBI for the events following the trial.


title: Walter Skinner

text: The role of Walter Skinner was played by actor Mitch Pileggi, who had unsuccessfully auditioned for two or three other characters on The X-Files before getting the part. At first, the fact that he was asked back to audition for the recurring role slightly puzzled him, until he discovered the reason he had not previously been cast in those roles — Chris Carter had been unable to envision Pileggi as any of those characters, due to the fact that the actor had been shaving his head. When the actor had attended the audition for Walter Skinner, he had been in a grumpy mood and had allowed his small amount of hair to grow back. Pileggi's attitude fit well with Walter Skinner's character, causing Carter to assume that the actor was only pretending to be grumpy. After successfully auditioning for the role, Pileggi thought he had been lucky that he had not been cast in one of the earlier roles, as he believed he would have appeared in only a single episode and would have missed the opportunity to play the recurring role of Walter Skinner.


title: Ivan Zakmardi

text: He studied at the Classical Gymnasium in Zagreb, which was followed by studying philosophy in Olomouc, Bohemia. After returning to Croatia, he became a lawyer representing the Bishopric of Zagreb, and worked as a public servant in various roles, such as judge in Križevci County, notary of Varaždin County, county notary of the Kingdom, chief treasurer and taxer of the Kingdom. He brought the Paulines to Križevci, who established a monastery, and secondary and primary schools. In 1641, the Croatian Sabor chose him as a member of a commission for making an inventory of and analyzing all the privileges of Croatia. He collected all the charters, laws and privileges and gave them to the Kaptol for safe keeping in the so called "chest of privileges" (Cista privilegiorum Regni). In 1644, the same body chose him as the protonotary of the Croatian Kingdom. From 1662 until his death, he served as the vice-count (podžupan) of Varaždin County. He was a well known benefactor, who frequently endowed poor students, and left a considerable sum to the Jesuit and Pauline collegiums in Varaždin, Lepoglava and Križevci. In the wars against the Ottomans, he helped supplying food and arms to the local soldiers. He died in Banská Bystrica, in today's Slovakia, and was buried in the Zagreb Cathedral.


title: 2003–04 FC Kremin Kremenchuk season

text: On 17 April 2003 Oleksandr Mazur chairman of the sports committee and Peter Skrylnyk Chairman of the Football Federation announced that a meeting with Mykola Hlukhov Kremenchuk mayor took place. The mayor ordered his team to form a municipal team that in 2004 would begin playing in Ukrainian Second League. Kremenchuk City Council planned to cover half of the expanses with the other half being provided by various city enterprises. Team was formed and began playing in second half of July. Serhii Svystun was appointed manager with Leonid Dyndikov as his assistant. Former player Andrii Nediak was appointed as an administrator. Former Kremin and Adoms players made up majority of the team. They were reinforced by Kremenchuk City Championship players from local team Atlant. Kredmash Stadium was selected as a training ground and Polytechnic Stadium was chosen for home matches. On 5 August 2003 Kremin lost 2–1 to Vorskla-2 Poltava during a friendly match organized as a trial for potential players.


title: 2003–04 FC Kremin Kremenchuk season

text: On 17 August first match of the 2003–04 Football Championship of Poltava Oblast began, with Kremin hosting Lubny. Match between newly recreated teams ended in a goalless draw. A week later Kremin traveled to Velyka Krucha to face Pyriatyn. Hosts scored first seventeen minutes into the first half. It took Kremin sixteen minutes to come back through Oleh Horyslavets. With one minute remaining in the first half Pyriatyn captain Yurii Irodovskyi scored an own goal after a shot from Oleh Halata. Visitors took control of the match and scored twice after the break to give Kremin its first win. On 30 August Kremin traveled to Reshetylivka to face Vorskla youth football school team. Kremin scored first through Ruslan Roztorhuiev in the seventeenth minute. Thirteen minutes later visitors doubled their lead through Vasyl Kryvoruchko. With one minute remaining before the break Vitalii Havrenkov scored third goal for Kremin. Yevhenii Rozka scored another goal ten minutes after the restart. Oleksandr Myslavskyi scored the teams first hat-trick in under twelve minutes. His first goal came in the seventy-forth minute. Second was scored less than a minute later, and third ten minutes later.


title: 2003–04 FC Kremin Kremenchuk season

text: On 5 October Kremin faced Hazovyk Mashivka in return leg of 1/8 of Poltava Oblast Cup. This time Kremin won 3–0. On 12 October Kremin traveled to Hrebinka to face Locomotyv. Kremin won 3–1. Yurii Kuchuk scored in the twentieth minute to give hosts the lead. Kremin equalized through Ruslan Roztorhuiev eighteen minutes later. Five minutes after the break Oleksandr Solnyshkin gave Kremin the lead. In the sixty-second minute Roztorhuiev scored his second goal of the game. On 18 October Kremin hosted defending champions FC ZemliaK Myrhorod. Match ended in a 2–0 loss. Oleksandr Ovdiienko scored seventeen minutes into the match. Five minutes later Oleh Blokhin doubled the visitors lead. Kremin had a chance to equalize when they were awarded a penalty kick. Anton Dyndikov missed goal and a chance to bring his side back into the game. Kremin finished first half of championship with a 3–0 home win against Psel Hadiach. With the first attack Oleksandr Myslavskyi gave Kremin the lead in the second minute. It took until the eighty-first minute to double the lead through Yevhenii Rozka. Kostiantyn Khyzhniak scored the games third goal. Kremenchuk City council officially registered Municipal Football Club Kremin on 23 October. Kremin was drawn with another team from Kremenchuk in the quarterfinal of the Poltava Oblast Cup. First leg was played on 29 October and finished with a 2–0 win for Kremin. Kostiantyn Khyzhniak and Vitalii Havrenkov were the goalscorers.


title: 2003–04 FC Kremin Kremenchuk season

text: On 10 April second half of Poltava Oblast championship began. Kremin hosted Pyriatyn. This game finished 13–0 and was the biggest win ever by the club. Oleksandr Myronenko, Vitalii Havrenkov, Oleh Horyslavets and Serhii Zub each scored one goal, Oleksandr Myslavskyi, Roman Semuka, Vasyl Kryvoruchko each scored twice. Oleksandr Solnyshkin scored a hat-trick. Four days later Kremin played away in Myrhorod. Match with ZemliaK ended in a 1–1 draw. Oleksandr Solnyshkin failed to convert his penalty kick in the twentieth minute. Kremin took the lead three minutes into the second half through Serhii Vynnyk. Seven minutes later they conceded a goal from Oleksandr Tsybulko and were unable to find the winner. This result meant the Kremin was third before facing the league leaders on Sunday. Match against leaders PZMS was played at home. Kremin had an early opportunity to take the lead when Anton Dyndikov had a chance to score a penalty kick. Oleksandr Solnyshkin was the first to reach the ball after the penalty kick and give his team the lead in the tenth minute. He doubled the lead in the thirty-sixth and scored his third goal six minutes into the second half. On 21 April Kremin hosted Vorskla youth football school team. Match ended in a 7–0 win for Kremin. Oleksandr Yankovskyi scored the opening goal in the sixth minute. Oleksandr Solnyshkin doubled the lead from the penalty spot with five minutes remaining in the first half. Oleh Horyslavets, Yevhenii Rozka, Andrii Rusantsev all scored in the second half and Vasyl Kryvoruchko scored two.


title: 2003–04 FC Kremin Kremenchuk season

text: 2 May match against Lokomotyv did not happen as Locomotyv withdrew from competition. Kremin like all other teams was awarded a walkover. On 5 May Kremin took part in first match of the 2004 Ukrainian Football Amateur League. They were drawn into group 6. First match was a 2–1 win against Metalurh Komsomolske. Serhii Zavialov scored in the third minute, however the visitors equalized four minutes later. Andrii Rusantsev scored in the eighty-forth minute to give Kremin its first victory in the competition. During the next match in Amateur league Dnipro scored twice in the first half. However due to a great game from Hirnyk Kryvyi Rih leader Yevhenii Rymshyn who scored twice, Hirnyk was able to draw the game. On 19 May Kremin returned to Poltava Oblast Championship where they played with one of the leaders Lubny. Roman Semuka with his fifty-eight minute penalty kick gave Kremin much win and took away all hope from Lubny. On the 26th Kremin lost 1–0 to Real Odesa in the third match of Amateur league. Four days latter Kremin won a very difficult 1–0 victory against Psel Hadiach in the first leg of semi-finals of the cup.


title: 2003–04 FC Kremin Kremenchuk season

text: On 2 June Kremin played a goalless draw with Metalurh Komsomolske in Amateur league. Kremin players playing only part time could not train as was required and had a low level of physical condition. Away matches did not feature all players. A week later Kremin played Molod-PedUniversytet in Dykanka. All five of Kremin's goals were scored in the second half. Oleksandr Solnyshkin was the first to score in the fifty-eights minute, followed by a goal from Serhii Zavialov two minutes later. Oleksandr Myslavskyi scored eight minutes later. In the seventy-first Zavialov scored another and nine minutes later Solnyshkin also scored his second goal in the game. On 13 June Kremin played its last game in the league against Psel Hadiach. Roman Semuka gave Kremin the lead in the twenty-fifth minute. In the sixty-first minute Oleksandr Solnyshkin doubled that lead. Seven minutes later Artem Stryzhak scored the third goal. In the seventy-ninth minute Psel player Oleh Nehrieiev pulled one back for the hosts. In the last minute Vasyl Kryvoruchko scored the last goal in the league for Kremin. With this win Kremin was crowned champions of the 2003–04 Football Championship of Poltava Oblast. Three days later Kremin played in a 3–2 loss to Hirnyk Kryvyi Rih in Amateur league. Hirnyk took an early lead through Serhii Storozhev. Oleksandr Solnyshkin was able to find the equalizer in the thirty-third minute. Hirnyk again took the lead with one minute remaining in the first half. Dmytro Holovko equalized in the sixty-second minute. However the hosts took the lead for the third time with thirteen minutes remaining. On 20 June Kremin hosted Psel Hadiach in the second match of the Poltava Oblast Cup semifinal. Serhii Zavialov gave Kremin the lead in the fourteenth minute. Oleksandr Myslavskyi doubled the lead in the twenty-ninth minute. Oleksandr Solnyshkin scored a hat-trick in the second half to give Kremin a 6–0 aggregate win. Three days later Kremin played the last game in Amateur league. Kremin lost 2–1 in a home game to Real Odesa. The visitors scored first in the twenty-first minute and Oleksandr Myslavskyi equalized five minutes later. Visitors scored again in the seventieth minute. Kremin finished last in the group. On 27 June Cup final was played in Poltava. Kremin kept FC ZemliaK Myrhorod in their half for good part of the game. A defensive mistake allowed Serhii Zavialov to give Kremin the lead in sixty-eight minute. Oleksandr Solnyshkin doubled the lead in the eighty-second minute to win Kremin the Cup. After winning the Poltava Oblast Championship and Cup the team was still unprepared for the Second League. It was decided that the team would remain in the Championship for another year. The team still did not own a team bus, most players worked in factories and only played football in their free time.


title: Werner Jochmann

text: From 1948 to 1953 he was a teacher at a secondary school in Hamburg. In 1953 Jochmann was hired as an assistant to the historian Fritz Fischer, from the University of Hamburg, working intensively on 20th-century German history for the next seven years. In 1960 he was entrusted to the Hamburg Senate building of the former "Research Centre for the History of National Socialism" in Hamburg that he conducted 26 years to his retirement 1986th During this time, the establishment has developed into a well-known at home and abroad Institute. With the reestablishment of the Institute continued Jochmann by that not only the period of National Socialism in the narrow sense, but the history since the foundation of the Reich in 1871 was to investigate. In his era a large number of studies appeared on the political social history of Hamburg and Germany from the late 19th to the mid-20th century. The focus was on the question of the causes for the rise of Nazism, according to its precursors and pioneers.


title: Dark Days, Bright Nights

text: Dark Days, Bright Nights received generally positive reviews from music critics who praised both Timbaland and Organized Noize's sharp production and Bubba's loose delivery of Southern-fried tales. Steve 'Flash' Juon of RapReviews gave high praise to the album's production for mixing various genres and showcasing Bubba's countrified lyrics, concluding with, "Thanks to partnering with Timbaland, Bubba Sparxxx succeeds where similar artists such as Tow Down and Haystak didn't - but their day will come too. For now, Sparxxx sits alone atop a rap throne representing a kind of po' white rap even Marshall Mathers only WISHES he knew about". The Los Angeles Times credited Bubba's energetic flow and lyrics for lifting typical hip-hop tropes into interesting tales, calling it "Southern gothic as pulp comic book, unsettling and appealing in equal measure". Kitty Empire of NME praised Bubba for basking in his Southern roots with tracks both introspective and upbeat, concluding that "Like a country mile, 'Dark Days' is a little long at 19 tracks and 77-plus minutes. But it's crucial to stay the course. Because Bubba talk really is the latest word in hip-hop".


title: Dark Days, Bright Nights

text: AllMusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine noted that Bubba's voice usually gets lost in the production and lacks creativity but said that it still remains a presence throughout the album, due to Timbaland's genre-mixing production matching his energy, concluding that its "better than most rap debuts of 2001, not just because of the mastermind of Timbaland, but because Bubba Sparxxx is still a strong focal point, even when he tends to repeat himself". David Browne of Entertainment Weekly commended the album for showcasing Bubba's backwoods world with sharp production and authentic tales but felt that it devolved into materialistic brag rap with a production grab bag that's shifty, saying that, "Given these ingredients, the potential for a unique, powerful hip-hop statement is considerable. Unfortunately, neither Sparxxx nor his collaborators deliver fully on the promise". Maurice Bottomley of PopMatters was critical of Bubba throughout the album, saying that his lyrical skills lack variety in wordplay and imagery but found it workmanlike and honest in its delivery, concluding that "Even so, the world hardly needs another average rap album, which, whether you see Sparxxx as mere marketing gimmick or genuine signifier of the New South, I am afraid, is all Dark Days, Bright Nights represents".


title: Aligulu Gamgusar

text: From the age of 8, Aligulu studied Arabic and Persian at the spiritual-religious school. Still studying at school, he began to write his first verses. In 1892, he entered a three-class Russian school. In 1896, due to his father's illness, his education was interrupted. He lived for some time in Tabriz and Khorasan, then he lived in Nakhichivan, Julfa. He wrote poems and articles in the magazine "Molla Nasreddin", in newspapers and magazines published in Baku, such as "Hayat" and "Irshad". In 1912, he moved to Tiflis and together with Mirza Jalil took part in the publication of the magazine "Molla Nasreddin". In 1916, the publication of the journal was temporarily suspended. Gamgusar and Mirza Jalil go on a trip, stage the comedy "The Deads" in Baku, Dagestan, Samarkand, Tashkent, in cities along the Volga. In this performance, Gamgusar masterfully played the role of Sheikh Nasrullah. Since 1917, Gamgusar's poems and feuilletons have been published in the Tiflis newspapers "Al Bayrag" and "Hyalyadzhyak". In his works, Gamgusar sharply criticized the bourgeois-landlord system, the colonial policy of tsarism, and fought against ignorance and religious fanaticism. The poet welcomed the national-liberation movement of the peoples of the Middle East – in the poem "England" the politics of the British colonialists are exposed.


title: Katharine Sharp

text: In 1886, Katharine Sharp returned to Elgin to teach languages at the Academy, where she remained for two years. The years 1888 to 1890 saw her employed as Assistant Librarian of the Scoville Institute's Oak Park Library. She appeared to transition to her new career with some gusto and Grotzinger speculates that it may have been her dislike of the two years of teaching at Elgin Academy that gave her an appreciation for her new career. A lifelong devotee and passionate advocate of broadening one's education, Sharp paradoxically resigned from her position at the Scoville Institute and spent 1890 to 1892 earning a Bachelor of Library Science at New York State Library School, brainchild of Melvil Dewey, and one of the first institutions to offer a comprehensive course in library studies. Aiming to better prepare herself to fulfill the duties of a librarian, she excelled at her studies and received her B.L.S. in 1892. In between fulfilling her academic obligations, she had time to 'organize' the Adams Memorial Library, in Wheaton, Illinois, in 1891, as well as providing her services at the Xenia Library in Ohio in 1892.


title: Katharine Sharp

text: Katharine Sharp's library career ended in 1907, when she resigned from her position at the University of Illinois. The new President of the university, Edmund J. James, has been said by some to believe that the main campus library needed more resources than that of the Library School itself. Sharp then became a second vice-president and executive in the Lake Placid Club in the Adirondacks, once again under the leadership of Melvil Dewey, whom some describe as her mentor and others as part of her adopted family. According to Utley, Sharp worked "actively and happily" at Lake Placid. Her abrupt withdrawal from the library field is surprising in relation to the intensity and extent of her devotion to it, but Grotzinger proposes, as an explanation, several compelling precipitating factors. The combination of the ongoing pressures of administration of both the Library and the School of Library Studies at the University of Illinois, with the usual constraints of lack of staff and insufficient budget, combined with the sudden death of her brother and father within a relatively short amount of time, may have caused Sharp to consider her need for personal fulfillment, something which she had up until then ignored, in favor of her career. In any case, she left the profession at age 42, and did not return to it for the remaining 7 years of her life. Katharine L. Sharp died suddenly in 1914. While out on an excursion with a wedding party at the Lake Placid Club, she was thrown from an automobile and suffered critical brain injuries, to which she eventually succumbed. A memorial bronze plaque, carved by sculptor Lorado Taft to Sharp, was placed in the University of Illinois Library after her death.


title: Vienna S-Bahn

text: As a result, numerous proposals were made to improve the situation, but most of them failed. In all off these pre-WWII proposals, generally no distinction was made between mainline railway and metro, so many proposals under the name "U-Bahn" mostly included mainline railway facilities. The original light rail plans included more lines than were actually built; said plans remained legally safeguarded until 1951. However, the Stadtbahn, which had been shut down after 1918, was electrified and reopened in 1925 by the Vienna city administration as the Wiener Elektrische Stadtbahn and in a common fare network with the tram; for the rolling stock, turning loops were built in Hütteldorf and Heiligenstadt and at Gumpendorfer Straße station, connecting tracks to the tram network were also built so that the Stadtbahn cars used could also run on the tram. The track connections to the full railway network, on the other hand, were shut down or dismantled. The light rail was thus eliminated for an operation that was spreading to the region.