title: Turbo (2013 film)

text: A. O. Scott of The New York Times gave the film a mixed review, saying "Even in the absence of originality, there is fun to be had, thanks to some loopy, clever jokes and a lively celebrity voice cast." Betsy Sharkey of the Los Angeles Times gave the film three-and-a-half stars out of five, saying "Honestly, they pretty much had me at racing snails." Linda Barnard of the Toronto Star gave the film two out of four stars, saying "Turbo's colourful trek to product placement-littered Indianapolis is as rote as it gets, but little viewers won't care about predictability." David Hiltbrand of The Philadelphia Inquirer gave the film two out of four stars, saying "Let's face it: Kids aren't a very demanding audience. If there's color, movement, and a high quotient of silliness, they're happy." Peter Hartlaub of the San Francisco Chronicle gave the film a negative review, saying "After the originality of the hero, the filmmakers borrow too heavily from other movies; the similarities to Ratatouille and Cars are almost distracting." Laremy Legel of Film.com gave the film an 8.5 out of 10, saying "Turbo is the sort of film that should work extremely well for folks who are interested in it. It lives up to expectations, even often exceeding them, though it's a shame it's unlikely to find much of a cross-over audience."


title: Turbo (2013 film)

text: Colin Covert of the Star Tribune gave the film three out of four stars, saying "Turbo isn't a perfect cartoon, but it's so likable that, like its humble hero, you have to root for it." Moira MacDonald of The Seattle Times gave the film three out of four stars, saying "Ultimately, Turbo nicely lives up to its diminutive hero's credo of, "No dream is too big, and no dreamer too small"—a pleasant thought, for people of all sizes." Jen Chaney of The Washington Post gave the film two-and-a-half stars out of four, saying "Turbo is a derivative but nevertheless good-hearted movie that's peppered with enough clever touches to engage adults as well as moviegoers of the smaller, squirmier variety." Joe Neumaier of New York Daily News gave the film three out of five stars, saying "Families who have already raced to Monsters University and Despicable Me 2 will find Turbo an acceptable third-place finisher. A sort of escargot-meets-Cars adventure, it has some sharp vocal turns and remains fun even when its inventiveness runs out of gas." Tom Russo of The Boston Globe gave the film two-and-a-half stars out of four, saying "While Disney seems to actively court entertainment headlines every time it gives us a new princess of color, here there's no fuss, just a fully realized cartoon world that happens to be made up of the places and diverse faces found around an urban strip mall."


title: Turbo (2013 film)

text: Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter called the film "An attractively designed but narratively challenged, one-note film." David Fear of Time Out gave the film two out of five stars, saying "All Turbo does is give Reynolds, Paul Giamatti, Samuel L. Jackson and Snoop Dogg the easiest paychecks they'll ever make, and its corporate overlords the chance to sell a few toys." Nell Minow of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film a B+, saying "The movie gets a bit slow, with too much time spent on the human characters, who are dreary and underwritten, compared to the big dreams of the little snail. But the film picks up when the racing snails come back onscreen, thanks to the adorable character design, with expressive use of those googly eyes, and especially to the voice talent." A. A. Dowd of The A.V. Club gave the film a B−, saying "For all its chronic familiarity, the movie has its minor pleasures, many of them visual. Though at this point it's basically a given that a new studio-animated movie will look good, Turbo often looks downright exceptional." R. Kurt Osenlund of Slant Magazine gave the film two-and-a-half stars out of four, saying "As a film about social issues, and simply being yourself, it's commendably progressive, going so far as serving as a kind of coming-out story."


title: Turbo (2013 film)

text: An animated television series, titled Turbo Fast, debuted exclusively on Netflix on December 24, 2013, when the first five episodes of the first 26-episode season were released, with subsequent episodes following around holidays throughout 2014. As the first original Netflix series for children, it is available in the United States and in the 40 countries where Netflix offers its service. Picking up five months after the events of the film, the series follows Turbo and his crew on their worldwide exploits while mastering new stunts and competing with villains. A total of 56 eleven-minute episodes were produced by DreamWorks Animation Television, with production services provided by Titmouse. A large part of the production is outsourced to South Korea, which marks the first time for DreamWorks Animation to outsource to the country. The series is directed by Mike Roush, executive produced by Chris Prynoski, and features Reid Scott as the voice of Turbo, John Eric Bentley as Whiplash, Grey DeLisle-Griffin as Burn, Phil LaMarr as Smoove Move, Amir Talai as Skidmark and Tito, Eric Bauza as Chet, Ken Jeong, who reprises his role of Kim Ly, and Michael Patrick Bell, who also reprises his role as White Shadow.


title: Deaf Organizations during the Holocaust

text: The Reichsgewerkschaft der Gehörlosen Deutschlands, abbreviated and stylized as ReGeDe, was known in English as The Reich Union of the Deaf of Germany, and was founded in 1927 in Weimar, Germany as a social organization. By the Easter of 1933, ReGeDe was part of the National Socialists' public welfare program. Less than a year later, ReGeDe claimed to have more than 3,900 members, including deaf activist Karl Wacker, who fought on behalf of the deaf community against the sterilization law. The ReGeDe union included such groups as deaf advocacy and support agencies, self-help organizations, sports clubs, and much more. "The division of deaf associations into church-affiliated groups, and athletic union, and others" was too much to Heinrich Siepmann, an activist in the deaf community. He saw "just one association for the German deaf…a union" The union he envisioned was the ReGeDe. Following Siepmann's example, further efforts were made to incorporate the remaining independent organizations into ReGeDe.


title: Deaf Organizations during the Holocaust

text: ReGeDe worked with teachers and administrators in encouraging support for the Nazi regime and its racial hygiene program. One regional association in 1937 reported that "collaboration with Nazi public welfare is excellent. Almost the entire body of teachers of the deaf are working effectively in our common sense of destiny." Part of this "destiny" involved sterilization of deaf and other 'hereditarily diseased.' ReGeDe was a "strong proponent of sterilization", even going as far as releasing a statement that: "prevention is better than cure," and that it is patriotic to be sterilized since "the deaf do not need to be soldiers but sterilization is a sacrifice like soldiering." People felt threatened by the sterilization law and joined ReGeDe in hopes of avoiding being sterilized. It was said that "whoever refused was taken away by police." Teachers, principals, nurses, and ReGeDe leaders turned in deaf people, and sometimes even personally took them to the clinics. One deaf person who experienced these events recounted: "despite the fact that I was a party member, I was sterilized after a 12-month long judicial process." Horst Biesold, the author of Crying Hands conducted a survey and found that 5 of the 1,215 forcibly sterilized deaf respondents reported that the ReGeDe had informed on them, with Albreghs and Ballier reporting 2 of those 5.


title: Cooperative game theory

text: For simple games, there is another notion of the core, when each player is assumed to have preferences on a set X {\displaystyle X} of alternatives. A profile is a list p = ( ≻ i p ) i ∈ N {\displaystyle p=(\succ _{i}^{p})_{i\in N}} of individual preferences ≻ i p {\displaystyle \succ _{i}^{p}} on X {\displaystyle X} . Here x ≻ i p y {\displaystyle x\succ _{i}^{p}y} means that individual i {\displaystyle i} prefers alternative x {\displaystyle x} to y {\displaystyle y} at profile p {\displaystyle p} . Given a simple game v {\displaystyle v} and a profile p {\displaystyle p} , a dominance relation ≻ v p {\displaystyle \succ _{v}^{p}} is defined on X {\displaystyle X} by x ≻ v p y {\displaystyle x\succ _{v}^{p}y} if and only if there is a winning coalition S {\displaystyle S} (i.e., v ( S ) = 1 {\displaystyle v(S)=1} ) satisfying x ≻ i p y {\displaystyle x\succ _{i}^{p}y} for all i ∈ S {\displaystyle i\in S} . The core C ( v , p ) {\displaystyle C(v,p)} of the simple game v {\displaystyle v} with respect to the profile p {\displaystyle p} of preferences is the set of alternatives undominated by ≻ v p {\displaystyle \succ _{v}^{p}} (the set of maximal elements of X {\displaystyle X} with respect to ≻ v p {\displaystyle \succ _{v}^{p}} ):


title: Supreme Audit Office (Poland)

text: The Supreme Audit Office (Polish: Najwyższa Izba Kontroli, abbreviated NIK) is the supreme audit institution and also one of the oldest state institutions in Poland, created under the Second Republic on February 7, 1919, barely 3 months after the restoration of Poland's independence. It was created on the initiative of the Head of State, Józef Piłsudski. Its organisation and functioning are set out in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and the NIK Act of 23 December 1994. The NIK is subordinate to the Sejm (lower house of the Polish Parliament) and it acts in accordance with the principle of collegial responsibility. The NIK is headed by the President who is appointed by the Sejm for a six-year term of office. The NIK performs audits related to, primarily, the execution of the state budget as well as public finance spending and management of public property by state and local governmental bodies and economic entities. Every year, the NIK submits three key documents to the Sejm: the analysis of the state budget execution and monetary policy guidelines, the opinion on the vote of discharge for the Council of Ministers and the annual report on the NIK's activity.


title: Learning for Life

text: The Learning for Life affiliate was launched in 1991 as a separate 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization from the BSA to continue serving youth through public schools and educational organizations with specially developed curriculum separate from traditional Scouting, and with distinctive programs that no longer used traditional Scouting methods like the Scout Oath and Scout Law. Participants in Learning for Life programs would be open to both sexes at all program levels (unlike Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) and Boy Scouting), which allows the BSA to provide in-school programs if the traditional girls' agencies are not able or willing to do so. All existing programs called In-School Scouting, as well as the large number of Career Awareness Exploring posts (where youth participation consisted primarily of career seminars during school hours) were rolled into Learning for Life. This had the immediate effect of dropping the membership totals of the BSA, but had no significant effect on the total numbers of youth served by the BSA when combining membership totals of traditional Scouting with the youth served totals of Learning for Life.


title: Ceradyne

text: In addition to producing ceramic components for industrial processes such as silicon foundries and ceramic fuel pellets for nuclear reactors, Ceradyne researched and produced varieties of ballistic armour for both personnel and vehicles. The ceramic armor was lighter than regular steel plate armor facilitating greater mobility. On September 16, 2007, the company was selling 25,000 sets of armor a month to the Pentagon.In December 2007, Ceradyne's lightweight armor was approved by the Army for use on military vehicles. Oshkosh Truck produced the first of these armored vehicles using the armor on HEMETT crew cabs. Ceradyne was also the producer of ceramic Enhanced Small Arms Protective Inserts (E-SAPI) for the US Army's Interceptor body armor, and the blast-proof components of the Ceradyne BULL MRAP/MMPV vehicle project.In January 2008, the company also received an order for $9.6 million worth of body armor from UNICOR (Federal Prison Industries Inc.), which provided jobs and job training to inmates in US federal prisons.


title: The Revels (doo-wop group)

text: In 1954, West Philadelphia High School students John Kelly (lead vocalist), John Grant, John Jones, Henry Colclugh and Bill Jackson formed the vocal group, originally performing under the moniker the Re-Vels Quartette. Their live appearances made the combo a well-attended attraction in Northern Philadelphia, which enticed Atlas Records in 1955 and Sound Records in the following year to record singles with the group. Credited to the shortened name the Re-Vels, the singles released in the two years included "So in Love", "You Lied to Me", and "Cha-Cha Toni", the latter of which was a big regional hit in Philadelphia and some other eastern cities but never charted nationally. In 1958, the Re-Vels signed with Chess Records and released "False Alarm", perhaps their most accomplished record thus far. However, success still eluded the group, prompting Chess Records, which was still in the midst of a prosperous string of releases from Chuck Berry and the Moonglows, to cut the Re-Vels from their roster.


title: Salesforce Transit Center

text: The Transbay Transit Center project was designed to include a tunnel (the Downtown Rail Extension, now known as The Portal) extending the terminus of the Caltrain commuter rail line from its current location at Fourth and King Streets; the downtown Caltrain extension is projected to alleviate roadway traffic and Caltrain rider delays, resulting in an estimated $20 million savings per year. The Caltrain extension depends on the electrification of its rolling stock, as the current diesel engines are not appropriate for tunnel service. When this project is completed, Caltrain riders would no longer need to transfer to Muni to reach the downtown financial district. The heavy rail portion of the terminal would be designed to accommodate the planned high speed rail from Los Angeles, which shares the right-of-way (Peninsula Corridor) with Caltrain between San Francisco and San Jose. BART has expressed interest in having their proposed Second Transbay Tube connect to the new terminal and Alameda.


title: Olufunke Baruwa

text: Baruwa is renowned for her advocacy on the inclusion of women in strategic political, social and economic positions in Nigeria. From 2000 to 2015, she was a program officer at the defunct National Poverty Eradication Programme, gender advisor at the Office of the Senior Special Assistant to the President on MDGs, and as a technical assistant on research, policy and planning in the Ministry of Communication Technology. In 2015, she was appointed as the chief executive officer of the Nigerian Women's Trust Fund Nigerian Women Trust Fund – a technical and financial resource for women in politics and decision-making in Nigeria, where she set the strategic vision and mobilized resources succeeding Ayisha Osori. Prior to assuming the role of CEO of the Nigerian Women's Trust Fund she served on the board of directors of the fund from 2011 to 2015. and in 2018, she was appointed co-chair of the board of directors, succeeding Amina Salihu. That same year, she joined the US Agency for International Development (USAID) / Nigeria as the Civil Society and Media Specialist in their Peace & Democratic Governance Office.


title: Joyce Cary

text: Throughout his childhood, Cary spent many summers at his grandmother's house in the north of Ireland and at Cromwell House in England, home of a great-uncle, which served as a base for all the Cary clan. Some of this upbringing is described in the fictionalised memoir A House of Children and the novel Castle Corner – i.e., Cary Castle, one of his family's lost properties in Inishowen in Ulster. Although Cary remembered his West Ulster childhood with affection and wrote about it with great feeling, he was based in England for the rest of his life. The feeling of displacement and the idea that life's tranquillity may be disturbed at any moment marked Cary and informs much of his writing. His health was poor as a child. He was subject to asthma, which recurred throughout his life, and was nearly blind in one eye, which caused him to wear a monocle when he was in his twenties. Cary was educated at Clifton College in Bristol, England, where he was a member of Dakyns House. His mother died during this period, leaving him a small legacy which served as his financial base until the 1930s.


title: Joyce Cary

text: Although none of Cary's first three novels was particularly successful critically or financially, they are progressively more ambitious and complex. Indeed, The African Witch is so rich in incident, character, and thematic possibility that it over-burdens its structure. Cary understood that he needed to find new ways to make the narrative form carry his ideas. George Orwell, on his return from Spain, recommended Cary to the Liberal Book Club, which requested Cary to put together a work outlining his ideas on freedom and liberty, a basic theme in all his novels. It was released as Power in Men , but the publisher seriously cut the manuscript without Cary's approval and he was most unhappy with the book. Now Cary contemplated a trilogy of novels based on his Irish background. Castle Corner did not do well and Cary abandoned the idea. After this came one last African novel, Mister Johnson , written entirely in the present tense. Although now regarded as one of Cary's best novels, it sold poorly at the time. But Charley Is My Darling , about displaced young people at the start of World War II, found a wider readership, and the memoir A House of Children won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for best novel.


title: Bill Irwin

text: Irwin's first featured film role was in 1980, appearing as Harold Hamgravy in Robert Altman's Popeye starring Robin Williams. He has appeared in over 20 films, mainly in supporting roles. Irwin's principal film roles include playing Eddie Collins in Eight Men Out, which tells the story of the "Black Sox" gambling scandal of 1919, and My Blue Heaven, a 1990 comedy with Steve Martin and Rick Moranis. Irwin tap-danced in a leading role in 1991's Stepping Out with Liza Minnelli, appeared as a mime in the Paul Mazursky film Scenes from a Mall alongside Woody Allen and Bette Midler, and played Charlie Sheen's father in Hot Shots! . His authentic vaudevillian skills landed him a role in the Sam Shepard film Silent Tongue in 1994, and he appeared in film adaptations of How the Grinch Stole Christmas, The Laramie Project and A Midsummer Night's Dream. He played an ex-brain surgeon and house salesman in the Nickelodeon series The Adventures of Pete & Pete. In 2006, Irwin played the solitary Mr. Leeds in M. Night Shyamalan's Lady in the Water and had a small role as Uncle Teddy in 2007's Across the Universe. He received critical acclaim for his role as Paul, father to Anne Hathaway's character Kym, in the 2008 drama Rachel Getting Married.


title: Zoumalou bamboo slips

text: Zoumalou (走马搂) is located on the southeastern corner at the crossroad of Huangxing and Wuyi Road. In October 1996, at the construction site for the Japanese department store Heiwado (平和堂) more than 140,000 pieces of bamboo and wooden slips were unearthed. The historical relics are bamboo slips (竹简), wooden slips (木简), wooden tablets (木牍), hand slip scripts (签牌) and seal slips (封检); they are documents which were mainly used to record administration and judicatory conditions in the Eastern Wu of the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Because of this, the wooden and bamboo slips were also named Zoumalou Wu bamboo slips (走马楼吴简). The quantity of bamboo and wooden slips found numbered more than all of those previously discovered in China. This was the most important discovery of Chinese historical archives in the 20th century along with the Oracle bone script, the Dunhuang manuscripts and the discovery series of bamboo and wooden slips in the northwest. The Changsha Jiandu Museum was established in 2002. From their discovery in 1996, to the final clean up in 2015, archaeologists spent 19 years completing the arrangement of the cultural relics.


title: Alfa Romeo

text: The first factory building of A.L.F.A. was in the first-place property of Società Anonima Italiana Darracq (SAID), founded in 1906 by the French automobile firm of Alexandre Darracq, with some Italian investors. One of them, Cavaliere Ugo Stella, an aristocrat from Milan, became chairman of the SAID in 1909. The firm's initial location was in Naples, but even before the construction of the planned factory had started, Darracq decided late in 1906 that Milan would be more suitable and accordingly a tract of land was acquired in the Milan suburb of Portello, where a new factory of 6,700 square metres (8,000 sq yd) was constructed. In late 1909, the Italian Darracq cars were selling slowly and the company was wound up. Ugo Stella, with the other Italian co-investors, founded a new company named A.L.F.A. (Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili), buying the assets of Italian Darracq that was up to dissolution. The first car produced by the company was the 1910 24 HP, designed by Giuseppe Merosi, hired in 1909 for designing new cars more suited to the Italian market. Merosi would go on to design a series of new A.L.F.A. cars, with more powerful engines such as the 40–60 HP. A.L.F.A. ventured into motor racing, with drivers Franchini and Ronzoni competing in the 1911 Targa Florio with two 24-hp models. In 1914, an advanced Grand Prix car was designed and built, the GP1914, with a four-cylinder engine, double overhead camshafts, four valves per cylinder, and twin ignition. However, the onset of the First World War halted automobile production at A.L.F.A. for three years.


title: Alfa Romeo

text: In 1952, Alfa Romeo experimented with its first front-wheel-drive compact car, "Project 13–61". It had the same transverse-mounted, forward-motor layout as the modern front-wheel-drive automobile. Alfa Romeo made a second attempt in the late 1950s based on Project 13–61. It was to be called Tipo 103 and resembled the smaller version of its popular Alfa Romeo Giulia. However, due to the financial difficulties in post-war Italy, the Tipo 103 never saw production. Had Alfa Romeo produced it, it would have preceded the Mini as the first "modern" front-wheel-drive compact car. In the mid-1950s, Alfa Romeo entered into an agreement with Brazil's Matarazzo Group to create a company called Fabral (Fábrica Brasileira de Automóveis Alfa, "the Brazilian Alfa automobile factory") to build the Alfa Romeo 2000 there. After having received government approval, Matarazzo pulled out under pressure from Brazil's President Juscelino Kubitschek with the state-owned FNM company instead commenced building the car as the "FNM 2000" there in 1960.


title: Alfa Romeo

text: By the 1970s, Alfa Romeo was again in financial trouble, with the company running at about sixty percent of capacity in 1980. Since Alfa Romeo was controlled by the Italian government owned Istituto per la Ricostruzione Industriale (IRI), a deal was made where about a quarter of worker's salaries were paid through state unemployment agencies to allow Alfa's plants to idle for two weeks every two months. An aging product lineup and very low productivity combined with near-permanent industrial unrest and Italy's high inflation rates kept Alfa Romeo firmly in the red. Other creative measures were attempted to shore up Alfa, including an ultimately unsuccessful joint venture with Nissan endorsed by Alfa's then-president, Ettore Massacesi, and Prime Minister Francesco Cossiga. By 1986, IRI was suffering heavy losses—with Alfa Romeo having not been profitable for the last 13 years—and IRI president Romano Prodi put Alfa Romeo up for sale. Finmeccanica, the mechanical holdings arm of IRI and its predecessors owned Alfa Romeo since 1932. Prodi first approached fellow Italian manufacturer Fiat, which offered to start a joint venture with Alfa.


title: Alfa Romeo

text: The quadrifoglio has been used on Alfa Romeo cars since the death of Ugo Sivocci in 1923. As a friend of Enzo Ferrari, Sivocci was hired by Alfa Romeo in 1920 to drive in the four-man works team—Alfa Corse—with Antonio Ascari, Giuseppe Campari, and Enzo Ferrari. Sivocci was thought to have enormous experience, but often hampered by bad luck and considered the eternal second-placer. To banish his bad luck, when the Targa Florio came around, the driver painted a white square with a green four-leaf clover (the quadrifoglio) in the centre of the grille of his car. Sivocci had immediate success, crossing the finish line first. The quadrifoglio subsequently became the symbol of the racing Alfa Romeos with the victory at the Targa Florio. Almost as if to prove the magic effects of this symbol, Sivocci was killed while testing Merosi's new P1 at Monza, a few months after winning the Targa Florio. The Salerno driver's P1, which went off the track on a bend, did not have the quadrifoglio. Since this period in 1923, the bodies of Alfa Romeo racing cars have been adorned with the quadrifoglio as a lucky charm. The white square was replaced with a triangle in memory of Ugo Sivocci.


title: Alfa Romeo

text: The first road car to bear the quadrifoglio was the 1963 Alfa Romeo Giulia TI Super, a variant of the Giulia saloon car devised for competition but put regularly on sale; it had green four-leaf clovers on its front wings, without the triangle. In the 1970s "Quadrifoglio Verde" or "Green Cloverleaf" became the trim level for each model's sportiest variant, equipped with the most powerful engine. The Alfasud, Sprint, 33, 75, 164 and 145 all had Quadrifoglio Verde versions. Also in the 1970s and through the 1980s golden four-leaf clover badges were used to denote the most luxurious and well-equipped variants of Alfa Romeo cars, named "Quadrifoglio Oro" or "Gold Cloverleaf". The Alfasud, Alfetta, Alfa 6, 90 and 33 had Quadrifoglio Oro versions. In recent times the quadrifoglio was revived on the 2007 Alfa Romeo 8C Competizione and Spider sports cars. With the Alfa Romeo MiTo and Giulietta, the Quadrifoglio Verde was reinstated as the sportiest trim level in the range, and green four-leaf clovers on the front wings are once again the hallmark of high-performance Alfa Romeos. Alfa Romeo's 2016 sport sedan, the all-new Giulia, was launched first in Quadrifoglio trim before the release of the base models.


title: Alfa Romeo

text: Alfa Romeo has been involved with motor racing since 1911, when it entered two 24 HP models in Targa Florio competition. Alfa Romeo won the first World Manufacturers' Championship in 1925 and the first AIACR European Championship in 1931 and it scored wins at many races and motoring events such as Targa Florio, Mille Miglia and Le Mans. Great success continued with Formula One, when Alfa Romeo won the first World Formula One Championship in 1950 and won the second Formula One Championship in 1951. The company also won international championships in Prototypes, Touring and Fast Touring categories in the 1960s and 1970s. Private drivers also entered some rally competitions, with good results. Alfa Romeo has competed both as a constructor and an engine supplier, via works entries Alfa Corse, Autodelta and private entries. Alfa Romeo's factory racing team was outsourced to Enzo Ferrari's Scuderia Ferrari between 1933 and 1938. Drivers included Tazio Nuvolari, who won the 1935 German Grand Prix at the Nürburgring.


title: Alfa Romeo

text: In the late 1960s, a number of European automobile manufacturers established facilities in South Africa to assemble right hand drive vehicles. Fiat and other Italian manufacturers established factories along with these other manufacturers, Alfa-Romeos were assembled in Brits, outside Pretoria in the Transvaal Province of South Africa. With the imposition of sanctions by Western powers in the 1970s and 1980s, South Africa became self-sufficient, and in car production came to rely more and more on the products from local factories. This led to a set of circumstances where between 1972 and 1989, South Africa had the greatest number of Alfa Romeos on the road outside of Italy. The Alfa Romeos Brits plant was used from March 1983 until late 1985 to build Daihatsu Charades for local consumption, but also for export to Italy in order to skirt Italian limits on Japanese imports. For the last year the company was operating, the Daihatsu represented close to half of Alfa Romeo S.A. Ltd.'s total production.


title: R. H. Boyd

text: While in Texas, Boyd became concerned that the Sunday school materials and other publications of the Southern Baptist Convention and American Baptist Publication Society, which were produced by white people, did not meet the needs of African-American Baptists. He became interested in publishing black-authored materials for use in churches and Sunday schools. Because this view was not shared by all members of the Texas Negro Baptist Convention, in 1893 Boyd left that association to form the General Missionary Baptist Convention of Texas. In 1894 and 1895, he produced his first pamphlets for use in black Baptist Sunday schools. At the 1895 annual meeting of National Baptist Convention in St. Louis, Missouri, he pressed for the creation of a publishing board for the black Baptists and received the support of Elias C. Morris, president of the National Baptist Convention. In 1896, he resigned from his church positions in Texas and moved to Nashville to establish the National Baptist Publishing Board, arriving there on November 7, 1896.


title: R. H. Boyd

text: After the Tennessee General Assembly enacted a 1905 law to segregate Nashville's streetcar system, local black leaders were determined to protest the law through a boycott of the public transportation system. When the law first went into effect in July, the boycott was effective, as few blacks were riding streetcars. Boyd, then head of the local chapter of the National Negro Business League, joined with other prominent citizens to promote and formalize the boycott. Because many blacks needed the streetcar system to travel to and from work, it proved difficult to maintain participation in the boycott. To help their fellow black citizens avoid using Nashville's public streetcars, Boyd joined with lawyer James C. Napier and funeral home director Preston Taylor to establish a rival black-owned public transit system, the Union Transportation Company. The new company began service on September 29, 1905, operating five steam buses. These vehicles lacked the power needed to climb some of the city's hills, so the company acquired a fleet of 14 electric buses. To avoid buying electricity from a white-owned utility, the transportation company powered the buses with a generator in the basement of the Publishing Board building. The company had limited financial resources, was not able to effectively meet the transportation needs of Nashville's geographically dispersed black population, and was handicapped by a tax on electric streetcars that the city of Nashville enacted in 1906 specifically to combat the black-owned business. The Union Transportation Company went out of business within a year, by which time the boycott had been largely abandoned. Although the boycott was ultimately unsuccessful, its long duration was one source of inspiration for bus boycotts in the 1950s.


title: Lonely Water

text: Lonely Water was directed by Jeff Grant and written and produced by Christine Hermon for Illustra Films, having been commissioned by the COI as a result of official concern over the high number of child fatalities in drowning accidents in the UK. Other PIFs of the early 1970s to tackle the subject of water safety included an instalment of the Charley Says series and Learn to Swim featuring Rolf Harris, which were targeted at younger children and parents respectively. Lonely Water however was aimed squarely at the 7–12 age group and was altogether darker in tone, featuring an eerie faceless black-robed and cowled figure and a voiceover by Donald Pleasence, whose echoing final words "I'll be back... back... back..." are often said semi-jokingly to have terrified an entire generation of British schoolchildren. Writing for the British Film Institute, Katy McGahan says Lonely Water is "eerily redolent of Nicolas Roeg's Don't Look Now" and "plays like a distilled horror film, deploying the menacing tone and special effects normally the preserve of X-rated cinema shockers."


title: Neither Fish nor Flesh

text: In a review of Neither Fish nor Flesh for The Village Voice, Robert Christgau said despite D'Arby's pretensions and awful lyrics on some songs, the psychedelic pop record's music "proves D'Arby a master of the black spectrum from the trad R&B of 'I'll Be Alright' to the reconstructed Prince-funk of 'This Side of Love'". Andrew Martin, reviewer of British music newspaper Music Week, chose it as "Album of the Week" and called it "as a complete work, a masterpiece". He concludes: "D'Arby's wit, verve and self-professed genius remains intact." Rolling Stone critic Mark Coleman said D'Arby's effort "fails to establish him as a visionary pop godhead. It does, however, demonstrate convincingly that he's far more than a mere legend in his own mind." AllMusic's Tom Demalon retrospectively called it "a sprawling, overly ambitious work that incorporates Middle Eastern flavorings and even more of a gospel influence into his gritty mix of rock, R&B, and funk", although he felt D'Arby's "pretensions run a bit wild".


title: Samuel W. McCall

text: Anticipating American entry into World War I in early 1917, McCall formed the Massachusetts Public Safety Commission, an emergency response and relief organization that was the first of its type in the nation. Coordinating a wide array of public and charitable organizations and major businesses, the commission played a significant role in providing relief and other services until it was disbanded in 1918. One of its most important actions was coordinating the state's response to the Halifax Explosion of December 6, 1917. With only fragmentary reports received early after a blast devastated the Nova Scotia city of Halifax, McCall called the committee into action, and offered unlimited assistance to the stricken city. The state organized a major relief train (even before the full extent of the disaster was known) that was among the first to reach Halifax, and the committee's representatives assisted in organizing relief activities on the ground. Temporary housing built in Halifax was named in McCall's honor, and the state's relief efforts continue to be recognized today by Nova Scotia's annual gift of a Christmas tree to the city of Boston.


title: Cray XMT

text: Threadstorm3 (referred to as "MT processor" and Threadstorm before XMT2) is a 64-bit single-core VLIW barrel processor (compatible with 940-pin Socket 940 used by AMD Opteron processors) with 128 hardware streams, onto each a software thread can be mapped (effectively creating 128 hardware threads per CPU), running at 500 MHz and using the MTA instruction set or a superset of it. It has a 128KB, 4-way associative data buffer. Each Threadstorm3 has 128 separate register sets and program counters (one per each stream), which are fairly fully context-switched at each cycle. Its estimated peak performance is 1.5 GFLOPS. It has 3 functional units (memory, fused multiply-add and control), which receive operations from the same MTA instruction and operate within the same cycle. Each stream has 32 general-purpose registers, 8 target registers and a status word, containing the program counter. High-level control of job allocation across threads is not possible. Due to the MTA's pipeline length of 21, each stream is selected to execute instructions again no prior than 21 cycles later. The TDP of the processor package is 30 W.


title: Julia Carpenter

text: Not long after she was given the identity of Spider-Woman, she was drawn into the first Secret Wars, where she met Spider-Man and the Avengers for the first time, and allied herself with the superhuman champions. She battled the Absorbing Man, Doctor Doom, and the Hulk. She was killed and resurrected by Doom with the power of the Beyonder. After returning to Earth, Julia joined Freedom Force (a government-sponsored super team made up primarily of former members of the Brotherhood of Evil Mutants who enlisted into government service to avoid prison terms). In an early mission with Freedom Force, the team was sent to arrest the X-Men. During this conflict with the X-Men, Julia also began to question her teammates' exceedingly brutal attitudes that they held over from their criminal pasts. Subsequently, Freedom Force was sent to arrest the Avengers after a disgruntled Quicksilver made false accusations against them. Freedom Force actually defeated the combined East and West Coast Avengers teams and helped bring the Avengers into custody at the Vault without a trial. Spider-Woman once again found her loyalties divided; she had a change of heart and eventually chose to aid the Avengers by breaking into the Vault and freeing them, battling the Guardsmen and thus becoming a fugitive from the law herself. Alongside Spider-Man, she battled the Wrecking Crew as a government assignment. In another adventure she also teamed with Iron Man, to battle renegade A.I.M. agents named the Seekers, who sought to capture Valerie Cooper doing undercover solo work. In gratitude for her earlier assistance with the Avengers, Iron Man worked with the government to get her pardoned.


title: Julia Carpenter

text: Later, one of her assignments led her to California looking for a team of Asian supervillains called the Pacific Overlords. She met and assisted the Avengers West Coast against the Pacific Overlords, and battled U.S. Agent. She was eventually offered membership in the team, and joined the Avengers West Coast. As a member of the West Coast Avengers, Julia battled some of the Marvel Universe's major foes including Doctor Demonicus, Ultron and Mephisto as well as participating in the Infinity War cosmic crossover. In addition while still a member of the West Coast Avengers, Julia was chosen by Doctor Strange to be a founding member of the Secret Defenders in their first mission alongside Darkhawk (whom she would later recommend for West Coast Avengers membership), Wolverine and Nomad. When the West Coast Avengers disbanded, Julia joined their spin-off team Force Works, whose primary enemies included the alien Kree and long time Iron Man foe the Mandarin. She had a relationship with Moonraker during this time.


title: Julia Carpenter

text: Afterward, Julia (still calling herself Arachne) became a victim of a grudge match between Spider-Man and the Kraven family. After escaping with Spider-Man from Ana and Alyosha Kravinoff, they are confronted by the Chameleon disguised as Ezekiel Sims, who informs them of a battle between the Spider and Hunter tribes. Julia is then captured by the Kravinoffs, along with Anya Corazon and Madame Web as Kaine (who was dressed as Spider-Man) is sacrificed to resurrect Kraven the Hunter. When Madame Web was mortally wounded by Sasha Kravinoff, she transferred her prophetic powers (and blindness) to Julia, to become the new Madame Web. Julia's first action in this role is to prevent Peter from killing Kraven, explaining to Peter that he is the center of a moral web that would be destroyed if he killed Kraven, advising him that this murder, however justified, would turn him into a ruthless destroyer. After burying Kaine and Madame Web in a potter's field, she explains her new purpose to Spider-Man and Araña before teleporting away.


title: Julia Carpenter

text: During the Dead No More: The Clone Conspiracy storyline, Julia Carpenter is shown to be the one hacking into the computers of Jackal's company New U Technologies from her hideout in Alcatraz as seen when she has a clone of Prowler as her prisoner. It is also revealed that she has been doing this with Shroud's technology. Prowler angers Julia by severing the connection to stop her from looking more into New U Technologies. Julia finds out Madame Web was alive from telepathic feedback resulting from the attack of the female Electro. Prowler tells Julia what New U Technologies has accomplished and tries to get her to join them. She refuses and escapes in a puff of black smoke. After Prowler escapes from Electro, Julia finds him and takes him on her boat, where they head towards New U Technologies to get his New U Pills. Julia helps Prowler break into New U Technologies and takes Prowler to his room to get his pills. Julia uses the opportunity to investigate the near-abandoned facility. She is led to Madame Web, who refuses to take her medication to aid her in healing from Electro's attack. Madame Web has seen the future and refuses to be a part of it, and warns Julia to save Prowler before she dies from clone degeneration. Julia confronts Prowler in the facility, who is breaking down from clone degeneration and accuses her of being the culprit. He tries to defeat her and Julia is left no choice but to fight back. She knocks him down as Prowler's body continues deteriorating. Prowler was in an alley when he proves too weak to continue and he was found by the murderous Electro, Julia Carpenter arrives and fends Electro off as she tells Prowler that Spider-Man's stabilized the human and clone cells. When Electro gets the upper hand on Julia, Prowler sacrifices himself to stop Electro and dies in Julia's arms. Later, Julia talks to the real Prowler who just emerged from cryo-sleep and tells him about his clone's actions.


title: The Rambos

text: They signed their first record deal with Benson Records in 1964, after leaving their home in Dawson Springs, Kentucky and ending up in Nashville, Tennessee. Most singers and songwriters would have agreed without hesitation to such a deal with Benson Records, but Dottie wanted to make sure it was the will of God. Without telling anyone else, she prayed that if the deal was God's will, let the contract be for "so many dollars . . . PLUS 13-CENTS" The day the contract was to be signed, they were taken to the office of John T. Benson Jr. where the document was handed to Buck, who handled the group's business dealings. After he read the document, he asked Dottie if she wanted to see it. She said she only wanted to see the "bottom line" – the contract amount. Handing her the document, Buck teased her saying that she was only interested in the money. In a sense, she was. When she saw the amount, the "13-cents" she had asked the Lord to affirm that the deal was His will. In the beginning, the Rambos went by the name of the Gospel Echoes. It was not until Reba joined the group at the age of 12 that they changed their name to the Singing Rambos. Their style of singing has been described as "a harmonic blend of Buck's country-style singing and Dottie's mountain-style black soul music."


title: Community of St. Clare

text: Between 1975 and 1993 the order maintained a house at Stroud, New South Wales. Originally three sisters from the mother house at Freeland established the community at Stroud Rectory in response to an invitation from the then Bishop of Newcastle, Ian Shevill. The Monastery, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary was built by community support of mud bricks and is an outstanding example of mud-brick building. In its later years the community at Stroud was headed by Sister Angela CSCl, formerly the artist Wendy Solling. Sister Angela led the community in several controversial directions involving it increasingly in environmental issues and the movement for the ordination of women. Between 1988 and 1992 the community opened its Stroud novitiate to male novices who were seeking an expression of Franciscan contemplative life. Although several enquiries were made by men at this time only one novice was admitted in May 1989, the Australian harpist Andrew Radclyffe, and the community functioned for a period as a double monastery. After the closure of the Stroud Monastery the Community of St Clare exists only at the original house near Oxford.


title: Gladys Kathleen Parkin

text: With reference to my ideas about the wireless profession as a vocation or worthwhile hobby for women, I think wireless telegraphy is a most fascinating study, and one which could very easily be taken up by girls, as it is a great deal more interesting than the telephone and telegraph work, in which so many girls are now employed. I am only fifteen, and I learned the code several years ago, by practicing a few minutes each day on a buzzer. I studied a good deal and I found it quite easy to obtain my first grade commercial government license, last April. It seems to me that every one should at least know the code, as cases might easily arise of a ship in distress, where the operators might be incapacitated, and a knowledge of the code might be the means of saving the ship and the lives of the passengers. But the interest in wireless does not end in the knowledge of the code. You can gradually learn to make all your own instruments, as I have done with my 1/4 kilowatt set. There is always more ahead of you, as wireless telegraphy is still in its infancy.


title: Diorama

text: Until 1968, Britain boasted a large collection of dioramas. These collections were originally housed in the Royal United Services Institute Museum, (formerly the Banqueting House), in Whitehall. When the museum closed, the various exhibits and their 15 known dioramas were distributed to smaller museums throughout England and elsewhere, some ending up in Canada. These dioramas were the brainchild of the wealthy furrier Otto Gottstein of Leipzig, a Jewish immigrant from Hitler's Germany, who was an avid collector and designer of flat model figures called flats. In 1930, Gottstein's influence is first seen at the Leipzig International Exhibition, along with the dioramas of Hahnemann of Kiel, Biebel of Berlin and Muller of Erfurt, all displaying their own figures, and those commissioned from such as Ludwig Frank in large diorama form. In 1933, Gottstein left Germany, and in 1935 founded the British Model Soldier Society. Gottstein persuaded designer and painter friends in both Germany and France to help in the construction of dioramas depicting notable events in English history. But due to the war, many of the figures arrived in England incomplete. The task of turning Gottstein's ideas into reality fell to his English friends and those friends who had managed to escape from the Continent. Dennis (Denny) C. Stokes, a talented painter and diorama maker in his own right, was responsible for the painting of the backgrounds of all the dioramas, creating a unity seen throughout the whole series. Denny Stokes was given the overall supervision of the fifteen dioramas.


title: Diorama

text: Denny Stokes painted all the backgrounds of all the dioramas, Herbert Norris, the Historical Costume Designer, whom J. F. Lovel-Barnes introduced to Gottstein, was responsible for the costume design of the Ancient Britons, the Normans and Saxons, some of the figures of The Field of the Cloth of Gold and the Elizabethan figures for Queen Elizabeth at Tilbury. J.F. Lovel-Barnes was responsible for The Battle of Blenheim, selecting the figures, and arrangement of the scene. Due to World War II, when flat figures became unavailable, Gottstein completed his ideas by using Greenwood and Ball's 20 mm figures. In time, a fifteenth diorama was added, using these 20 mm figures, this diorama representing the D-Day landings. When all the dioramas were completed, they were displayed along one wall in the Royal United Services Institute Museum. When the museum was closed the fifteen dioramas were distributed to various museums and institutions. The greatest number are to be found at the Glenbow Museum, (130-9th Avenue, S. E. Calgary, Alberta, Canada): RE: The Landing of the Romans under Julius Caesar in 55 BC, Battle Of Crecy, The Battle of Blenheim, The Old Guard at Waterloo and The Charge of the Light Brigade at Balaclava.


title: Diorama

text: The state of these dioramas is one of debate; John Garratt (The World of Model Soldiers) claimed in 1968, that the dioramas "appear to have been partially broken up and individual figures have been sold to collectors". According to the Glenbow Institute (Barry Agnew, curator) "the figures are still in reasonable condition, but the plaster groundwork has suffered considerable deterioration". There are no photographs available of the dioramas. The Battle of Hastings diorama was to be found in the Old Town Museum, Hastings, and is still in reasonable condition. It shows the Norman cavalry charging up Senlac Hill toward the Saxon lines. The Storming of Acre is in the Museum of Artillery at the Rotunda, Woolwich. John Garratt, in Encyclopedia of Model Soldiers, states that The Field of the Cloth of Gold was in the possession of the Royal Military School of Music, Kneller Hall; according to the curator, the diorama had not been in his possession since 1980, nor is it listed in their Accession Book, so the whereabouts of this diorama is unknown.


title: D2 (video game)

text: The game opens with Laura Parton falling asleep on an airplane trip to an undisclosed location. After being jolted awake by a tone over the airplane's PA system and a friendly conversation with a fellow passenger named David, a group of terrorists, who seem to be guided by some kind of mysterious cultist chanting to himself, suddenly and violently takes control of the plane. David, who turns out to be a special agent within the FBI, attempts to stop the terrorists, but he is thwarted when a meteorite strikes the plane, sending it crashing into the Canadian wilderness. After a series of bad dreams, Laura awakens in a small cabin being cared for by Kimberly Fox, a poet, and songwriter who also survived the crash. She explains that ten days have passed since the accident, although Kimberly had only found her some distance from the crash site two days prior, leaving a strange eight-day gap where she was mysteriously taken care of. The moment of peace is broken when another survivor, one of the hijackers, staggers into the cabin before suddenly transforming into a hideous plant-like monster. Here, Laura and Kimberly meet Parker Jackson, a CETI researcher and fellow crash survivor who drives out the monster, only to be driven out himself by a distrusting Kimberly.


title: Alberweiler Castle

text: A castle is first mentioned in sources dating from the 11th century. It was occupied by knights in the service of the Counts of Berg-Wartstein. This early structure was destroyed in 1487 but soon after, towards the end of the 15th century, a new castle was erected at the behest of Bartholome of Warthausen. Some remains of the circular rampart are still visible. Following the extinction of the house of Warthausen zu Alberweiler in 1585, the castle was enfeoffed to the Counts of Stadion by Emperor Rudolf II. The castle was renovated in early-Baroque style in the 17th century. The gate was also constructed during these restoration works. At around 1700, the castle functioned as residence for the local reeve, the Counts of Stadion residing at Warthausen Castle, and subsequently went into private ownership during the course of the 18th century. In 1826, the Counts of Stadion sold all rights to the village and the castle to the Kingdom of Württemberg. Following alterations in 1880 the structure slowly began to fall into disrepair. The castle was extensively restored in the late 20th century and is privately owned today.


title: Ford & Lopatin

text: In an August 2010 interview, Ford said that he had recently met in Brooklyn with Jan Hammer's son, who was a fan of the Tigercity project, so he could talk about recording the synths for Games' first full-length album at Hammer's studio in upstate New York, and announced they would begin recording the LP at the studio in December: "We're honing in on the concept still, but it definitely involves athletic cuts and smooth jazz-fusion." The album, later named Channel Pressure, was recorded in improvised sessions over the course of three months at the studio and the headquarters of the label Mexican Summer, with the tracks later spliced, sampled and reconstructed. The press release described the record as "an imaginary soundtrack for the adventure of Joey Rogers, a kid who gets brainwashed by a gigantic television", and musically categorized it as a post-pop album with elements of glitch, krautrock, synthpop, ambient music and progressive-fusion. In February 2011, the duo changed their name to Ford & Lopatin, reportedly to preempt legal issues with the Interscope Records artist Game, and also announced that they had founded a sub-label of Mexican Summer, named Software. Channel Pressure was the first release on the label.


title: Ford & Lopatin

text: In an October 2010 interview, Lopatin described the idea behind Games as "looking to cook down stuff we like such as '70s fusion and hip hop and IDM and techno and MIDI funk into something primordial and pop-oriented and fun and weird." He also said, "We like slowing down fast jams. It's creepier and subliminal that way. If you just straight up slow everything down into oblivion it's kinda hectic." As Games in August 2010, Ford and Lopatin cited the works of DJ Paul, DJ Screw, Electric Light Orchestra, Aphex Twin, DJ Premier, The Weather Channel, Weather Report, Return to Forever, Boards of Canada and James Ferraro, as well as genres like Italo disco and albums like Moment of Truth by Gang Starr and On the Corner by Miles Davis, as influences. The two said DJ Premier and Teo Macero were their favorite producers: "Their cuts and edits always recontextualize performances and samples in the most psychedelic way." Lopatin also said: "Robin Hood Theory" is a blueprint-level jam for us. There's other, lesser discussed beats that are just as good, but Moment of Truth was a classic when we were in high school and really got us moving in the direction of samplers and stuff like that." As for developing remixes, Ford said that they "preserve minimal amounts of original track; create whole world underneath."


title: Oregon missionaries

text: The Oregon missionaries were pioneers who settled in the Oregon Country of North America starting in the 1830s dedicated to bringing Christianity to local Native Americans. There had been missionary efforts prior to this, such as those sponsored by the Northwest Company with missionaries from the Church of England starting in 1819. The Foreign Mission movement was already 15 years underway by 1820, but it was difficult to find missionaries willing to go to Oregon, as many wanted to go to the east, to India or China. It was not until the 1830s, when a schoolmaster from Connecticut, Hall Jackson Kelley, created his "American Society for the Settlement of the Oregon Country," that more interest and support for Oregon missionaries grew. Around the same time, four Nez Perce arrived in St. Louis in the fall of 1831, with accounts differencing as to if these travelers were asking for "the book of life", an idea used by Protestant missionaries, or if they asked for "Blackrobes", meaning Jesuits, thus Catholic missionaries. Either way this inspired Christian missionaries to travel to the Oregon Territory. Oregon missionaries played a political role, as well as a religious one, as their missions established US political power in an area in which the Hudson's Bay Company, operating under the British government, maintained a political interest in the Oregon country. Such missionaries had an influential impact on the early settlement of the region, establishing institutions that became the foundation of United States settlement of the Pacific Northwest.


title: Oregon missionaries

text: Catholic missionary work in Oregon Territory officially began when Fr. Francis Norbert Blanchet was appointed Vicar-General of Oregon Country by Archbishop Joseph Signay of Quebec in April 1838. Fr. Blanchet and Fr. Modest Demers arrived in the region at Fort Vancouver on November 24 1838. Originally the missionaries used hymns and books which had been translated into the Chinook Jargon, a language used commonly among different native groups of the region for trade, in their conversion efforts. Realizing that the ideas and concepts within Catholicism were not coming across to their audiences, Fr. Blanchet began using carved shale sticks in his conversion efforts in April 1839, during a visit to the Cowlitz settlement. The shale stick, referred to as the Catholic Ladder, was carved with representations of Christian History. These shale sticks were then distributed to Native chiefs, starting in October 1839, to teach Catholicism. Soon after, the Catholic Ladder began to be produced in paper copies and later massed produced for distribution in the Pacific Northwest with Quebec church leaders arranging for the printing and shipping of 2,000 to the region. Later, Protestant missionaries began using their own version of the ladder, with Henry Spalding being credited with creating the Protestant Ladder using some images from the Catholic Ladder and adding his own. Both the Catholic and Protestant ladders would also represent the opposing domination as heathens.


title: Frogger 2: Swampy's Revenge

text: The gameplay has also been significantly expanded from the predecessor. Players can now choose from a selection of frogs (with players alternating between Frogger and Lillie in story mode), albeit they all share the same moveset. Frogger's "super jump" from the first game (an ability that allowed him to jump to higher-placed platforms) was expanded to also allow Frogger to perform a "double jump" after using it, which can be used for clearing platforms with short gaps in front of them. Likewise, the ability of Frogger to croak was tweaked to allow players to use them as a beacon of sorts to find the small frogs-when Frogger croaks (represented by a circle that expands outwards from him), the small frogs will croak back through a similar beacon that the player can use to determine their location. Frogger also retains the ability to use the tongue to devour insects is also present, which like in the previous game can grant the player a higher score or an extra life depending on the insect consumed. Levels now include 25 coins scattered throughout each level that player can collect; with the reward for collecting them all in one level playthrough being a new game mode or an additional playable character. The game also features a multiplayer mode, which supports two players in the PlayStation version (four with a multitap) and can support up to four players in the Dreamcast and PC versions.


title: Frogger 2: Swampy's Revenge

text: Swampy, a crocodile whom Frogger jumped on in the past, gets revenge on Frogger by stealing the many baby frog siblings of his girlfriend, Lillie Frog. Frogger and Lillie pursue Swampy through various worlds rescuing the baby frogs along the way. Swampy travels to space, where he uses a satellite to broadcast a commercial for his own game, Swampy: The Game. Frogger follows in a rocket that Lillie manages to activate, and corners Swampy in a space station, where a device transports them back to Earth during Halloween. Swampy attempts to create his game in a factory under a haunted house, by using the baby frogs. Frogger and Lillie attempt to stop him, but end up trapped in a cage being lowered towards a pit full of magma. Swampy's plan goes errant after one of the baby frogs, named Tad, escapes the conveyor belt and starts playing on the controls, in the process freeing Frogger and Lillie, releasing the other baby frogs, and severely damaging the machine, quickly building up into an earthquake. After the frogs escape, the factory and mansion explode from the malfunctioning machine, and Swampy is flung off into the distance.


title: Forest Prairie Township, Meeker County, Minnesota

text: Forest Prairie Township was given that name for the forests and prairies within its borders. It is just north of Forest City, south of Watkins, and by Clear Lake. It was first settled in the spring of 1866 by Merritt Birdsall Case, Charles T. Groot, James Hooser, J. S. Reynolds, George Scrivner, George Smith, James W. Polk, Seymour Stevens, and Michael A. Roach. The first white births in the township were twins born to Mr. and Mrs. George Smith in 1866. The first white death was Mrs. George Smith in 1866. Birthing complications? The township was organized on July 10, 1867. The first postmaster was H. M. Storrs in 1867. The first school was taught by Mrs. James Hooser in 1868. The Minneapolis Pacific Railway Co. purchased land in 1886 and laid their own line of track, temporarily giving Forest Prairie a reputation as a railroading village rather than one as a prospering farm community. The town of Watkins was also started because of the railroad. Today it is the only town in the township.


title: Steve Hamer (footballer)

text: He became chairman of Swansea City in 1997, but was sacked in September 2000 after losing the support of the management team at the Club because of his erratic behaviour. He later attgempted to justify his removal by saying he did not agree with the club owners' decision to seek a flotation for the club on the Stock Exchange AIM market. Thereafter he vociferously campaigned against the club and its owners until he was paid a substantial sum in order to agree to desist from his actions. For the record Hamer had never been a shareholder in the Club or in its parent company Silver Shield Group. Given the campaign mounted by Hamer which coincided with the decision of ITV to close its subsidiary ITV digital, thereby removing funding from the club, Silver Shield exited.. The Board of Silver Shield who had just sold their main business to Kwik Fit on attractive terms decided to abandon their investment in Swansea, aFter attemopts to find other investors locally and nationally, and they handed the Club over for £1 to its commercial manager, who in turn passed the Club over some months later when destitute to Tony Petty. This also coincided with Swansea Council's decision to award a contract for the new Morfa Stadium to a developer, Miller, on a contract which would not see the new stadium built for another seven years.


title: Juno Beach order of battle

text: Panzer-Division 21., belonging to XXXXVII Pz.Gr.West, was allocated to AOK.7 (Army Group B) as its (only) reserve. Pz.Div.21 was reconstituted on 15 July 1943, in the reorganization of schnellen Brigade West (SB 931). Pz.Div.21 was absent from Normandy from March 1944, for Operation Maragretha, in Hungary, until May 1944, when it was reassigned to Brittany, and then moved up into Normandy. On 6 June 1944, Panzer-Division 21., on its initiative, adopted a 'new' organization for battle, as Regimental (Brigade) Groups were formed, PzKGr.Oppeln - Pz.Regt.22., and KGr.Luck - Pz.Gren-Regt 125., they regrouping an infantry battalion for a tank battalion, and KGr.Rauch - Pz.Gren-Regt192., was formed, given Panzer-Artillerie-Regiment 155., assigned a battalion to each Kampfgruppe. The Canadians, coming South, from Juno Beach, did not experience a direct impact from either PzKGr.Oppeln or KGr.Luck and only felt a slight impact, in their area of influence, from the counter-move undertaken by KGr.Rauch, on 6 June.


title: Hans Blohm

text: An altogether different aspect of Blohm's work has focussed on high technology. In 1981, as he was standing in Mitel's lobby with one of the company's 3-inch wafers in his hands, light hit the wafer a certain way and he saw a riot of colour coming off. After hours of attempts, the right angle appeared and Blohm took the photo he had longed for. The next day, the photo was put on the cover of Mitel's annual report. Mitel commissioned their first backlit mural (six panel 14' long and 10' high) in a two-story-high mirrored wall used to create a panoramic array at its main reception lobby. For this mural, the 1/25th of a ¼" square microchip had to be enlarged 16 million times in area. Engineers calculated it to be the highest magnification of a small portion of a microchip, up to that time. Blohm was commissioned to produce nine more murals that hung in Ireland, Puerto Rico, Washington, D.C., Florida, Bromont, Quebec, etc. One of these was 28' long and 8' high for the new Mitel plant in Renfrew, Ontario. Before long, he was hailed by some as Canada's best microchip photographer.


title: German Church, Christchurch

text: In the early 1870s, Canterbury experienced significant immigration. Between the 1871 and 1874 census, the region had 25% growth in population. By 1874, Germans made up about 6% of the foreign-born population of Canterbury. The Deutsche Kirche came from an initiative of German Lutherans living in Canterbury, with German baker and hotel keeper George Ruddenklau presiding over a committee in charge of getting the church built. The intention was to collect sufficient funds through subscription lists and if successful, send for a German minister and have a church constructed. From early April 1872, the organising committee advertised for a central city site for cash purchase. Later that month, auctioneer Herbert Edward Alport reported that he had completed the sale of a quarter acre section on the corner of Worcester and Montreal Streets; the land had been sold for £230. In May 1872, Thomas Joynt moved in the Canterbury Provincial Council that a grant of £230 be given towards the erection of the church. Of those who spoke to the motion, Arthur Charles Knight, Walter Kennaway (as provincial secretary), John Thomas Peacock, Edward Richardson, and William Cowlishaw (provincial treasurer) supported the motion. John Inglis, Colonel De Renzie Brett, George Buckley and George Healey spoke against the motion. When put to a vote, the motion was passed by 22 votes to 14. In the end, the provincial government provided £250.


title: German Church, Christchurch

text: On 26 September 1872, the church building committee sent a letter to the German Chancellor, Otto von Bismarck, requesting support with procuring three church bells. The German War Minister acceded to the request, offering the metal needed in the form of guns captured in the recent Franco-Prussian War, with the church committee covering the costs of casting and transport. Ruddenklau, who was in Germany at the time to find a suitable pastor, was asked to make all necessary arrangements. By June 1873, all funds had been raised, including those for the bells. The bells were cast by the Collier foundry in Berlin. The total weight of the bells was 18 long cwt 55.5 lb (2,072 lb or 940 kg). It was later stated that the bells weighed in fact 22 long cwt (2,500 lb or 1,100 kg). The largest of the bells had a relief of the German Emperor, and carried two inscriptions: "Wilhelm I., Kaiser von Deutschland" and "Für die Deutsch-evangelische Gemeinde, Christchurch, Canterbury, Neuseeland" (for the German protestant parish in Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand). The second bell had a relief of the crown prince with the following inscription: "Friedrich Wilhelm Kronprinz von Deutschland". The third bell had a relief of the German chancellor with the following inscription: "Fürst von Bismarck, Reichskanzler des Deutschen Reiches". It was initially hoped that Ruddenklau, the new pastor and the bells could come to New Zealand on the same ship, but Ruddenklau and Rev. L. Lohr arrived on the Rakaia in April 1874, The church committee obtained support for the transport of the bells, and the New Zealand Shipping Company carried them free of charge to Lyttelton, and the provincial government carried them by railway free of charge from Lyttelton to Christchurch.


title: German Church, Christchurch

text: Once a fortnight, Jacobsen held Scandinavian services on Sunday afternoons. In April 1880, this resulted in the Scandinavian Lutheran Church to formally amalgamate with the German Church. At the end of June 1881, the mortgagee put the land and all its buildings up for sale. In advertising the auction, it was not mentioned that the German Church was for sale, and the resulting bidding was by members of the congregation only. The sale netted £2210. The purchaser, solicitor John Joyce, on-sold the German Church in early 1882. At the subsequent meeting of church trustees in February 1882, the accounts provided by Jacobsen were not paid and it was resolved that the cash held by the trustees was invested instead. The importance of the matter was illustrated by the fact that, in a break with tradition, all notices advertising the meeting in the various papers had been placed in the German language. Later that year, the church was offered for lease for a term. The German Church was taken over by the Freethought Association and was renamed Freethought Hall.


title: Clara Clemens

text: Clara lived in Vienna with her parents from September 1897 to May 1899 where she cultivated her voice for the concert stage. Contemporaries characterized her voice as unusually sweet and attractive. She also studied piano in 1899 under Theodor Leschetizky, who had been a pupil of Carl Czerny. In December 1900, she was invited by the people of Hartford to perform at a grand concert given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra. She studied for several years under masters in Europe before making her professional debut in Florence. She made her American debut as a contralto concert singer on the evening of September 22, 1906, at the Norfolk Gymnasium in Norfolk, Connecticut, assisted by violinist Marie Nichols. She rented Edgewood there in 1905, and she used the proceeds from the concert to purchase a memorial window for her mother in the Norfolk Church of the Transfiguration. Charles Edmund Wark was a classical pianist from Cobourg, Ontario, and he became Clemens' piano accompanist from the winter of 1906 to late in 1908. Clemens and Nichols also continued to perform together, including a series of concerts in London and Paris in 1908. On May 30, Clemens debuted in London at a benefit concert, raising money for American girls to attend Oxford and Cambridge Universities.


title: Anilú Elías

text: In 1972, she co-founded the National Women's Movement, to advocate for a woman's right to make her own reproductive choices. Throughout the 1970s she and others led marches in support of abortion as a choice. In 1976, she along with Esperanza Brito de Martí and Carmela Barajas, organized the First National Conference on Abortion to advocate for free abortions for all women. President Luis Echeverría, pressed by the activists, called together the Interdisciplinary Group for the Study of Abortion, which included a range of professionals, religious leaders and scientists to study the issue. A report of their findings was prepared, which supported decriminalization of voluntary abortion and inclusion of abortion services in the government health program. Congress neither passed nor implemented the recommendations. The report also highlighted the need for sexual education as early as primary school; information about contraception from high school forward; access to contraception; rejection of forced sterilization; and the rejection of abortion as a population control system. Activists strongly supported implementation of all of the findings.


title: Jabez Dodd

text: Dodd was born at Callington in South Australia. His family moved to Kadina in 1871 when he was aged four. He became a miner, and lived there until 1889; he joined the Wallaroo Miners' Union aged 17. Dodd went to Broken Hill in New South Wales from 1889 to 1896, during which he was involved in the 1890 maritime strike and 1892 Broken Hill miners' strike. He then went to Coolgardie in Western Australia, where he continued as a miner and became involved in trade union work before moving to Kalgoorlie in 1899. Dodd was a founder of the Amalgamated Workers' Association (AWA) and then the Amalgamated Miners' Association (AMA). He was secretary of the Kalgoorlie–Boulder branch of the Westralian Federated Miners' Union from 1899 to 1911, was vice-president of the Goldfields Trades and Labour Council in 1903, was appointed a justice of the peace in 1904 and was a regular contributor to The Worker. He was an unsuccessful candidate for South Province at the 1908 biennial Legislative Council elections.


title: Robert Wykes

text: He taught at Bowling Green State University from 1950 to 1952, also playing flute with the Toledo Symphony. His opera The Prankster premiered at the University in January 1952. Later that year, Wykes left Bowling Green to study and teach at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign where he stayed until he graduated with a doctorate in music in 1955. He was appointed to the music faculty of Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri in 1955, becoming a full professor in 1965. He played flute with the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra from 1963 to 1967 and with the Studio for New Music from 1966 to 1969. He retired from Washington University in 1988. He was appointed composer-in-residence at the Djerassi Foundation in Woodside, California in 1989 and was a visiting scholar at the Computer Center for Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA) at Stanford University in 1991. His notable students include Oliver Nelson, Olly Wilson, Jocy de Oliveira, Rhian Samuel, Gary Lee Nelson, Greg Danner and John Elwood Price.


title: Wily Beast and Weakest Creature

text: Somewhat similar to Undefined Fantastic Object, some enemies will drop Animal Spirit Items upon death, the spirits corresponding to the same types selected at the beginning of the game. Upon collecting any combination of five spirits, the player will enter 'Roaring Mode' and during which they will be given a temporary shield that will clear the screen of bullets if the player is hit but end prematurely, as seen in Perfect Cherry Blossom If the player has collected three of a specific spirit type, either wolf, otter, or eagle, the player will also be granted a special bonus in addition to the shield when roaring mode activates. Three wolf spirits will improve the damage and size of the focused shot, three otter spirits will create three rotating shields around the player and turn any bullets that come into contact with them into point items, and three eagle spirits will improve the damage and size of the unfocused shot. The effects of these are accentuated if they correspond to the player's selected spirit type.


title: Similitude

text: Similitude analysis is a powerful engineering tool to design the scaled-down structures. Although both dimensional analysis and direct use of the governing equations may be used to derive the scaling laws, the latter results in more specific scaling laws. The design of the scaled-down composite structures can be successfully carried out using the complete and partial similarities. In the design of the scaled structures under complete similarity condition, all the derived scaling laws must be satisfied between the model and prototype which yields the perfect similarity between the two scales. However, the design of a scaled-down structure which is perfectly similar to its prototype has the practical limitation, especially for laminated structures. Relaxing some of the scaling laws may eliminate the limitation of the design under complete similarity condition and yields the scaled models that are partially similar to their prototype. However, the design of the scaled structures under the partial similarity condition must follow a deliberate methodology to ensure the accuracy of the scaled structure in predicting the structural response of the prototype. Scaled models can be designed to replicate the dynamic characteristic (e.g. frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios) of their full-scale counterparts. However, appropriate response scaling laws need to be derived to predict the dynamic response of the full-scale prototype from the experimental data of the scaled model.


title: Zoo Tycoon (2001 video game)

text: The goal of Zoo Tycoon is to create a thriving zoo by building exhibits to accommodate animals and keeping the guests and animals happy. Exhibit-building is one of the primary goals of Zoo Tycoon. To keep the guests and animals happy, exhibits should be suitable to the animal; for example, a lion is best suited to a savannah environment. Choices in terrain, foliage, rocks, shelters, fences, toys and the presence of zookeepers all contribute to the suitability of an exhibit and the happiness of the animal. Guest happiness is dependent on animal choice, animal happiness, buildings, and scenery. Buildings include bathrooms, restaurants and food stands, shops, reptile houses, aviaries, and entertainment buildings such as movie theaters. Scenery involves aesthetics that raise guest happiness slightly, such as topiary art, light posts, and benches. Keeping both animal and guest happiness high allows the player to gain monetary awards and maintain a steady income. To help manage the expanding zoo, players can employ maintenance workers, zookeepers and tour guides. If the animals escape from their enclosures, they can attack and possibly kill guests and employees.


title: Léon Fredericq

text: Fredericq was born in Ghent where his father César Fredericq was a physician and his mother Mathilde Huet headed a boarding school for girls. He was educated in Ghent before joining the University of Ghent in 1868 to study science. He received a doctorate in 1871 and became a preparator in physiology at the faculty of medicine. He received an MD in 1875 and went to France studying under Louis-Antoine Ranvier, Georges Pouchet, Wilhelm Waldeyer, Ernst Tiegel, Felix Hoppe-Seyler and others. He also spent some time studying the nerve physiology of sea urchins at Roscoff under Henri de Lacaze-Duthiers. He examined blood coagulation in 1876 and then studied blood-gas analysis techniques under Paul Bert in Paris. He received a doctorate in physiology in 1878 for his work on blood coagulation and gases. He discovered hemocyanin in octopuses in 1878. In 1879 he studied nerve impulse transmission in lobsters and in the same year he succeeded Theodor Schwann as professor of physiology at the University of Liège. Fredericq conducted a number of studies, some tangential to his main field, driven by accidental discoveries. He tasted the blood of marine invertebrates and found them to be salty while bony fishes seemed to maintain a lower salt level which made him examine osmoregulation from 1901. He also examined thermoregulation and the relation to oxygen consumption. He introduced cross circulation experiments with blood from the artery of one dog feeding into the arterial system of another. The air supply to one dog could then be altered to examine the effects of lung gas exchange in the other dog. Another area of research was on the mechanism of the heart.


title: William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer

text: When Parliament was called in April 1376, known as the Good Parliament and led by Peter de la Mare, the members wanted to remove corrupt advisers from court. Latimer, Neville, London merchant Richard Lyons and Alice Perrers were accused, and the charges against Latimer were that he had been guilty of oppression in Brittany; had sold the castle of Saint-Sauveur to the enemy, and impeded the relief of Bécherel in 1375; that he had taken bribes for the release of captured ships, and retained fines paid to the king, notably by Sir Robert Knolles, and the city of Bristol; and finally, that in association with Robert Lyons he had obtained money from the crown by the repayment of fictitious loans. Seconded by William of Wykeham, de la Mare sought to have Latimer immediately convicted, with the Commons acting on behalf of the king. They were unsuccessful and a trial took place. The charges were proven and he was removed from his positions in the royal household and on the council, fined and imprisoned. He was pardoned in October 1376 and with Lancaster's recovered influence he returned to favour.


title: Leopoldo Salazar Viniegra

text: In December 1938, Salazar published a report titled "El mito de la marihuana" (English: The Myth About Marijuana) in the criminal sociology journal Criminalia. In the publication, Salazar presented his scientific findings on the effects of marijuana, dispelling the long held associations between marijuana and madness. At La Castañeda, Salazar carried out multiple experiments that questioned the basis of prejudices held against cannabis, such as insanity, delirium, hallucinations, and criminality, as scientifically unfounded. He focused on the potential use of cannabis to treat maladies such as anxiety, asthma, and rheumatism. He suggested that drug abuse and addiction ought to be treated humanely as an illness or disease, not as a crime, encouraging a combination of education, pharmacological treatment, and psychiatric support. According to a local newspaper, Salazar was the man with the solution to drug addiction in his hands. Salazar believed that by placing the prescription and distribution of drugs under the authority of the government and control of medical professionals, those with drug addiction could receive better medical treatment and run drug traffickers out of business.


title: Sidney Thompson

text: His major works include Sideshow: Stories, recipient of the 2006 Foreword INDIE Silver Award for Short Story Collection of the Year, and a trilogy of historical novels about the African-American deputy U.S. marshal Bass Reeves. Follow the Angels, Follow the Doves: The Bass Reeves Trilogy, Book One is the recipient of the 2021 International AAHGS Book Award for Historical Fiction: Event/Era, a finalist for the 2021 Spur Award for Historical Novel by Western Writers of America, the 2021 Oklahoma Book Award for Fiction by the Oklahoma Department of Libraries, the Will Rogers Medallion Award for Western Fiction, the 2021 Next Generation Indie Award for Historical Fiction , and the Peacemaker Book Award for Best First Western Novel by Western Fictioneers, and was named a 2020 Arkansas Gem by the Arkansas Center for the Book. Follow the Angels includes the chapter "Thataway," which received the Creative Writing Award in 2018 from the Western Literature Association. Hell on the Border: The Bass Reeves Trilogy, Book Two was a finalist for the 2021 National Indie Excellence Award for Historical Fiction. Both of the first two books of the trilogy were used as source material for the Paramount+ limited series, Lawmen: Bass Reeves.


title: Trekkie Parsons

text: Sometime between the world wars, Trekkie's sister Alice introduced her to Leonard and Virginia Woolf, leading figures in the Bloomsbury group of writers, critics, and artists. Two months after Virginia Woolf's death in 1941, Leonard visited Alice, who was dying of cancer, at Trekkie's house. He fell in love with Trekkie, and they began an unconventional relationship that lasted until his death in 1969. She often spent the week with Leonard and the weekend with her husband. She had holidays and acted as hostess for them both separately. She was Leonard's companion on trips to France, Greece, Israel, and Ceylon. She wrote many letters to Leonard when they were apart, published in 1974 as Love Letters: Leonard Woolf and Trekkie Ritchie Parsons. Despite their declared love and companionship, Trekkie insisted that the two had not been lovers. After his death, Leonard left Monk's House to Parsons who sold it to the University of Sussex. During Trekkie and Leonard's relationship, Trekkie's husband Ian established a long liaison with his Chatto & Windus colleague Norah Smallwood, whom Trekkie despised.


title: Payback (2015)

text: In the main event, Seth Rollins defended the WWE World Heavyweight Championship against Roman Reigns, Dean Ambrose, and Randy Orton in a fatal four-way match. During the match, there was a mini-Shield reunion when Rollins, Reigns, and Ambrose performed their signature triple powerbomb on Orton through a broadcast table. Rollins then wanted the group to reunite, however Reigns and Ambrose attacked him. Kane interfered to aid Rollins. Reigns and Ambrose executed a powerbomb on Kane on top of Rollins, who was on another broadcast table. Reigns and Ambrose performed another powerbomb on Kane sending both Kane and Rollins through the broadcast table. Ambrose and Reigns then started to wrestle each other. Reigns missed two Superman punches, but finally connected the third one on Ambrose. Reigns performed a spear on Ambrose and made a cover, but Rollins broke up the cover. Ambrose performed "Dirty Deeds" on Rollins and made a cover but Kane pulled Ambrose out of the ring, voiding the pinfall at a two count. Kane attacked Ambrose with the steel steps and performed a chokeslam on Reigns onto the steel steps. Orton executed "RKOs" to both Jamie Noble and Joey Mercury, and performed a spike DDT on Rollins. Orton then prepared for an "RKO", but Kane would try to interfere, only to receive an "RKO". Rollins capitalized and executed a "Pedigree" on Orton to retain the title.


title: Robert L. McKenzie

text: In the 2014 election cycle, McKenzie was the Democratic nominee in Michigan's 11th congressional district. When he launched his campaign in late October 2013, former Congressman Patrick Murphy (PA-D) referred to McKenzie as "a fantastic candidate -- a top-tier candidate for the DCCC (Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee) -- and he'll be an even better congressman...He'll be one of the top 10 recruits in the country for the DCCC." In December 2013, the DCCC added McKenzie to its elite jump starter program. McKenzie won the Democratic nomination in the primary on August 5, 2014. In late September 2014, The Hill named McKenzie one of five sleeper races to watch in the country. The DCCC had reserved 1 million dollars in media ad buys for McKenzie for the general election. McKenzie lost in the general election to David Trott, by a margin of 140,435 votes to 101,681 votes (56.2% to 40.7%). The 2014 election cycle had the worst voter turnout in 72 years in America, which contributed to a crushing blow for Democrats across the country.


title: Telenoche

text: It began broadcasting on January 3, 1966, first at 11:00PM (competing with the Channel 11's Esso Reporter) but later moved to the traditional timeslot of 8:00PM. The most-known presenters of the bulletin were Mónica Cahen D'Anvers (the first woman in the country who read news in a commercial station) and César Mascetti. Both have retired from television on December 19, 2003, but continued to work at radio. Some important stories delivered by the program, that are well remembered are stories such as the Moon landing, where Mónica Cahen D'Anvers was sent as a correspondent to Cape Canaveral, the Cordobazo riots in 1969, the first live broadcast from the Falkland Islands one decade later after the 1982 war, and others worldwide. After Mónica and César left the newscast, they were succeeded by María Laura Santillán (investigative reporter) and Santo Biasatti (midday and midnight newsreader) on March 1, 2004. Both were joined by José Antonio "Pepe" Gil Vidal, who replaced Luis Otero as co-presenter. For many years, Channel 13 (now known as eltrece) was the only station who brought news bulletins at 8:00PM, and the other stations chose to carry their reports at 7:00PM. In 2008 Telefe switched its main newscast to the same time to compete with Telenoche. Since May 16, 2011, it is broadcast in high definition.


title: Haig Gudenian

text: Born in the city of Kayseri (Caesarea) in the Ottoman Empire, Gudenian attended the Turkish University of Constantinople, then moved to Brussels in 1904, where he studied violin under César Thomson and Mathieu Crickboom. In Prague, he studied violin under Otakar Sevcik and composition with Vítězslav Novák. After finishing his studies, he traveled for several years in Czechoslovakia, Turkey, the Caucasus, Persia, and Egypt, collecting and assimilating the traditional music of folk songs and dances in those countries, followed by two years in the Balkans. He gave recitals in the principal cities and towns of Bulgaria and Romania, where he was under royal patronage; accompanied by Romanian violnist George Enescu, he performed for Queen Elisabeth (Carmen Sylva) in her palace at Bucharest. He played in Budapest, Munich, Geneva, Marseilles, Paris and other major cities in Continental Europe, coming from France to New York in January 1918 during World War I. Sent as a messenger under the authorization of the French minister, he devoted much time to Red Cross and Armenian relief work in the United States. Soon after his arrival in the United States, he secretly married Olive Peabody in St. Charles, Missouri; they had met at the Odeon Theatre in St. Louis when Gudenian performed in a benefit appearance on behalf of the Syrian-Armenian Relief Fund.


title: Alice Y. Ting

text: Ting joined the MIT Chemistry Department in 2002 where she was the Ellen Swallow Richards Professor until 2016. In 2016, she moved to Stanford University, Departments of Genetics, of Biology, and, by courtesy, of Chemistry. Her research harnesses the power of directed evolution and synthetic organic chemistry to develop novel methods for studying the cell. She has received a number of awards, including a 2008 NIH Director's Pioneer Award, a 2010 Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award from the American Chemical Society, an NIH Transformative R01 Award , the McKnight Technological Innovations in Neuroscience Award, the Technology Review TR35 Award, the Sloan Foundation Research Fellowship, the Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award, the Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award, and the Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise in Biomedical Science in 2012. Ting has been an investigator of the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub since 2017. Ting was elected as a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2023.


title: Agriculture in Mauritius

text: Agriculture is a major industry in Mauritius. Historically, sugarcane cultivation has been the main agricultural activity in Mauritius. In 2001 it accounted for close to 70% of the nation's cultivated land which was approximately 36% of the country's total land area. The Mauritius Chamber of Agriculture was founded in 1853. The Faculty of Agriculture at the University of Mauritius was founded in 1914. Mauritius is a net food importer, with an overall self-sufficiency ratio of 25%. This caused major economic stress following the 2007–2008 financial crisis. Mauritius became the 15th member of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) to sign its national Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) Compact. The agriculture industry mainly consists of growing fruit like banana, lychee, pineapple, and mango. Agriculture is the responsibility of the Ministry of Agro Industry and Food Security in the Government of Mauritius. The current minister is Maneesh Gobin. Mauritius has relied on agro-chemicals in their agriculture for many years. The Smart Agriculture Project has been supported by the European Union since 2018.


title: Vows (Dollhouse)

text: Echo's husband confronts Echo with the picture of her and Paul Ballard. She is struck in the head and this seemingly triggers her past imprints. As she is about to talk herself out of her situation she states that she is Eleanor Penn (from "Ghost"). She is subsequently confused about her state of mind. Echo's husband then goes to make his arms deal, bringing Echo with him. Ballard follows her and calls Topher who notices spikes in her feed and is alarmed that her handler did not call it. Ballard goes in by himself and then accuses Echo of failing the engagement and strikes her several times, trying to make her recall the "fighter" imprint from "Man on the Street". They are able to disable all the guards and stop the arms deal. Dr. Saunders leaves the Dollhouse, leaving only a note for Boyd saying "I'm running out of excuses". Victor's scars have fully healed and he and Sierra are seen holding hands walking together. Echo reveals to Ballard that she can recall her imprints, even hear them, but she knows none of them are her real self and she asks for help from Ballard. He then takes up the offer from Adelle and becomes her new handler.


title: White Nights (short story)

text: The young woman holds his hand, and he explains that he is alone, that he has never known a woman, and that he feels timid with her. Nastenka reassures him that ladies like timidity and that she likes it, too. He tells her that he spends every minute of every day dreaming about a girl who would say two words to him, who will not repulse him or ridicule him as he approached. He says that he thinks of talking to a random girl timidly, respectfully, passionately – telling her that he is dying in solitude and that he has no chance of success with her. He tells her that it is a girl's duty not to rudely reject or mock a man as timid and luckless as he. As they reach Nastenka's door, he asks if he will ever see her again. Before she can answer, he adds that he will be at the spot they met tomorrow anyway just so he can relive this one happy moment in his lonely life. She agrees, stating she can't forbid him not to come, and she has to be there anyway. The girl would tell him her story and be with him, provided that talking does not lead to romance. She is as lonely as the narrator.


title: White Nights (short story)

text: On their second meeting, Nastenka seeks to find out more about him. He tells her that he has no history because he has spent his life utterly alone. When she presses him to continue, he suggests that he is of the type of the "dreamer". "'The dreamer'", he explains, "is not a human being, but a creature of an intermediate sort." He gives a long speech (in a style that anticipates that of the Underground Man in Notes from Underground), about his longing for companionship, leading Nastenka to comment "...you talk as if you were reading from a book". He begins to tell his story in the third person, calling himself "the hero". This "hero" is happy at the hour when all work ends and people walk about. He references Vasily Zhukovsky and mentions "The Goddess of Fancy". He dreams of everything, from befriending poets to having a place in the winter with a girl by his side. He says that the dreariness of everyday life kills people, while in his dreams he can make his life as he wishes it to be. At the end of his moving speech, Nastenka sympathetically assures him that she will be his friend.


title: White Nights (short story)

text: Nastenka tells the narrator her story. She grew up with a strict and blind grandmother, who gave Nastenka a largely sheltered upbringing. Nastenka's grandmother uses a safety pin to keep the two joined at the hip, as she fears her granddaughter will get into mischief. Her grandmother's pension being too small, they rent a room in their house. When their first lodger dies, the grandmother rents to a younger man. Despite embarrassing herself in front of him by revealing that she is literally and figuratively pinned to her grandmother, the young man begins a silent courtship with Nastenka, giving her books so that she may develop a reading habit. She takes a liking to the novels of Sir Walter Scott and Aleksandr Pushkin. The young man invites Nastenka and her grandmother to a performance of The Barber of Seville. On the night that the young lodger is about to leave Petersburg for Moscow, Nastenka urges him to marry her. He refuses immediate marriage and claims that he does not have money to support them but assures her that he will return for her a year later. Nastenka finishes her story and notes that a year has gone, and he has not sent her a single letter.


title: Cadherin–catenin complex in learning and memory

text: Evidence suggest that N-Cadherins stabilize the connection between the presynaptic terminal and postsynaptic spine and that this stabilization increases the likelihood that released glutamate will bind receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. At basal levels of synaptic activity, N-cadherins are largely monomers and are thus weakly adhesive to cadherins located in the cell on the opposite side of the synapse. The influx of Ca2+ through NMDARs, promotes the dimerization of N-cadherins. Dimerized cadherins readily bind to their presynaptic cadherin partners. Inhibition of N-cadherin binding via blocking antibodies prevents the induction of late phase L-long term potentiation, suggesting that the adhesive property of dimeric N-cadherin is necessary for late phase L-LTP. Additionally, KCl depolarization of the presynaptic axon both confers protease resistance to N-cadherins and disperses them throughout the PSD from their original clustering in synaptic puncta, thus increasing their efficacy for cell adhesion.


text: p120ctn signals through guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GAPs to activate the Rho family of GTPases. RhoA must be inhibited by P120ctn to maintain spine density and length. Rac (GTPase) inhibition remediates a reduction of spine density in p120ctn deficiency. E-cadherin binding to p120ctn may activate SRC leading to activation of Rac1 which results in phosphorylation of LIMK1 and LIMK2 to deactivate cofilin causing G-actin polymerization. Meanwhile, phosphorylation of PI3K by SRC activates RhoA which leads to activation of cofilin-P and disruption of filamentous actin. When the WAVE-1 gene was disrupted in mice, it resulted in cognitive defects such as losses in learning and memory implicating the WAVE-1 branch of the Rac pathway. Using an in vivo dentate gyrus LTP model, it was shown that LTP induction is associated with an increase in F-actin in the dendritic spines, and this is a long lasting change. It was shown that NMDA receptor activation is required for this effect. Furthermore, the use of latrunculin A was able to impair late phase LTP in this model, again suggesting that actin remodelling is necessary for LTP.