title: Elohim

text: Rabbinic scholar Maimonides wrote that Elohim "Divinity" and elohim "gods" are commonly understood to be homonyms. One modern theory suggests that the notion of divinity underwent radical changes in the early period of Israelite identity and development of Ancient Hebrew religion. In this view, the ambiguity of the term elohim is the result of such changes, cast in terms of "vertical translatability", i.e. the re-interpretation of the gods of the earliest recalled period as the national god of monolatrism as it emerged in the 7th to 6th century BCE in the Kingdom of Judah and during the Babylonian captivity, and further in terms of monotheism by the emergence of Rabbinical Judaism in the 2nd century CE. Another theory, building on an idea by Gesenius, argues that even before Hebrew became a distinct language, the plural elohim had both a plural meaning of "gods" and an abstract meaning of "godhood" or "divinity", much as the plural of "father", avot, can mean either "fathers" or "fatherhood". Elohim then came to be used so frequently in reference to specific deities, both male and female, domestic and foreign (for instance, the goddess of the Sidonians in 1 Kings 11:33), that it came to be concretized from meaning "divinity" to meaning "deity", though still occasionally used adjectivally as "divine".


title: Elohim

text: In Genesis 20:13, Abraham, before the polytheistic Philistine king Abimelech, says that "Elohim (translated as 'God') caused (התעו, plural verb) me to wander". Whereas the Greek Septuagint (LXX) has a singular verb form (ἐξήγαγε(ν), aorist II), most English versions usually translate this as "God caused" (which does not distinguish between a singular and plural verb). Regarding this, the Jerusalem Talmud states: "All Names written regarding our father Abraham are holy except one which is profane, it was when the gods made me err from my father's house. But some say this one also is holy, 'were it not for God, they already would have made me err'." The same disagreement appears in Tractate Soferim, where Haninah ben Ahi R. Joshua maintained that the word is "holy". An alternative view (held by Onkelos, Bahya ben Asher, Jacob ben Asher, Sforno, and Rabbi Yaakov Tzvi Mecklenburg) is that the word means "gods" and the verse means that Abraham's distaste for the idolatry of his father Terah led him to decide to wander far from home. Others, such as Chizkuni, interpret elohim as a reference to wicked rulers like Amraphel (often equated with Nimrod).


title: MacBook (2006–2012)

text: Although Gizmodo concluded it to be "our favorite MacBook to date," they did claim, at this time, its display was inferior to that found on the MacBook Pro and MacBook Air, alleging a smaller viewing angle, washed-out colors, and dimmer backlighting. Similarly, AppleInsider and Engadget concluded it "may well be Apple's best MacBook to date" and "these are terrific choices—not only from an industrial design standpoint, but in specs as well" respectively, while also drawing attention to a lower quality display as compared with the MacBook Pro and MacBook Air. Charlie Sorrel of Wired News reached a similar conclusion about the MacBook display, citing its poor contrast and lack of vertical angle in comparison with the MacBook Pro and even the older white MacBook. Peter Cohen wrote an article discussing the loss of the FireWire port for Macworld, saying "The absence of FireWire ports is certainly an inconvenience for some users. But it shouldn't be considered a deal-breaker for most of us, anyway."


title: MacBook (2006–2012)

text: The polycarbonate unibody MacBook is rounder on the edges than previous laptops in the MacBook line. This model has an all-white fingerprint-resistant glossy palm rest, unlike the grayish surface of its predecessor, and uses a multi-touch glass trackpad like the one found on the MacBook Pro. The video-out port is Mini DisplayPort. The bottom of the MacBook features a rubberized non-slip finish. This was prone to peeling off and Apple offered free replacements fitted by authorised agents until at least 2015 internationally. The built-in battery of the late 2009 revision, a feature introduced earlier in the year with the MacBook Pro, is claimed by Apple to last seven hours compared with five hours in the older models. However, in tests conducted by Macworld, the battery was found to last only about four hours while playing video at full brightness with AirPort turned off. However, Apple's battery life was calculated with the brightness at the middle setting and while browsing websites and editing word documents, not with video and at full brightness. Gizmodo also reached about the same conclusion in their tests, but with AirPort turned on. The battery included in the mid-2010 model holds an additional five watt-hours over the previous model's and is claimed to last up to ten hours.


title: Exorcist: The Beginning

text: Merrin confronts Father Francis about it, and Francis reveals to him the history of the Derati valley. A great army led by two priests came to the valley searching for the origin of evil 1,500 years prior. When they arrived in the valley, the evil presence consumed them and one killed the other. When the lone surviving priest made it back, Emperor Justinian ordered a church be built over the site, and then buried to seal the evil force inside of it. The builders of the church never meant it to be recorded in Vatican documents, however, a vague reference to it was recorded and found in 1893. Four priests subsequently came to Derati and enlisted the local tribe to help them. All of the tribesmen and the priests disappeared. The Vatican then ordered that the false graveyard be built and stories of a plague spread around to keep people away from the valley. Francis reveals that it is believed that the valley in Derati was the traditional spot of Lucifer's fall after the war in Heaven. Later Merrin, Chuma, and Major Granville discover Jefferies tied up in the Church, with his organs pecked out by crows.


title: Exorcist: The Beginning

text: Producer James G. Robinson first began development on an untitled prequel to The Exorcist in 1997, with the first draft of the screenplay penned by William Wisher Jr. In October 1999, Morgan Creek Productions hired Tom McLoughlin to helm the film. With a script finally in place, production was slated to occur the following spring in Africa. McLoughlin departed due to issues with the script. In October 2001, numerous publications reported that John Frankenheimer was on board as director, with a new screenplay revised by Caleb Carr. Liam Neeson was attached to portray the character of Father Lankester Merrin. William Peter Blatty, author of The Exorcist and screenwriter/producer of its film adaptation, was not expected to take part in the production. After a July 2003 release date was slotted, Frankenheimer was forced to step down from the project due to his declining health and was replaced by Paul Schrader. Gabriel Mann joined the cast in April 2002, while shooting was expected to take place in the spring in the United Kingdom and Spain. The following month, the film was officially titled Exorcist: The Beginning and Stellan Skarsgård and Billy Crawford were added to the cast, the former of which replacing Neeson. Principal photography on Schrader's film began on November 11, 2002 in Morocco with Vittorio Storaro handling cinematography duties. The crew spent six weeks filming in Morocco and then a further two months in Rome. By the time filming had wrapped in February 2003, six writers had contributed to the screenplay and the budget had nearly doubled.


title: Exorcist: The Beginning

text: An early cut of Schrader's film that ran at 130 minutes was shown to the studio in early 2003. The cut was widely derided due to a lack of scares and gore. The studio at first opted to re-edit the film to make it scarier, which Schrader opposed. Additional photography was then planned, which according to Schrader only grew "bigger and bigger" as time went on. Schrader attested that he faithfully adapted Carr's screenplay on screen and that the studio went through "buyer's remorse" during production. Later reports indicated that Schrader was first given the option to re-edit the film twice, with neither cut managing to satisfy the studio. Sheldon Kahn was brought in to re-cut the film without Schrader's involvement. Schrader was "livid" and reportedly demanded that Kahn leave. By then, the studio had met with other filmmakers to direct new scenes to make the film scarier. Carr was expected for rewrites, but instead the studio opted to fire Schrader and scrap the film entirely in August 2003. Morgan Creek searched for a new director starting in October.


title: Exorcist: The Beginning

text: Renny Harlin was among the directors who met with Robinson and suggested rewriting the script, casting new actors, and adding more action. The studio was impressed and hired Harlin. Harlin quickly began overseeing rewrites by Skip Woods. Alexi Hawley and Harlin himself penned subsequent revisions. Skarsgård and Wadham were the only cast members retained from the original shoot. In November 2003, special makeup effects artist Gary J. Tunnicliffe confirmed he would be involved with the film. Filming under Harlin's direction began in the winter of 2003 in Rome. Two weeks into production, the director's leg was shattered after being struck by a car, resulting in a two week hiatus for filming. Harlin shot six weeks on crutches. Production concluded after twelve weeks. By June 2004, work was still being done on the film. The film was finished mere days before its official release. After initially being given a $35 million budget under Schrader's direction, the reshoots and post-production work ballooned the film's budget to over $90 million.


title: Germination

text: As mentioned earlier, light can be an environmental factor that stimulates the germination process. The seed needs to be able to determine when is the perfect time to germinate and they do that by sensing environmental cues. Once germination starts, the stored nutrients that have accumulated during maturation start to be digested which then supports cell expansion and overall growth. Within light-stimulated germination, phytochrome B (PHYB) is the photoreceptor that is responsible for the beginning stages of germination. When red light is present, PHYB is converted to its active form and moves from the cytoplasm to the nucleus where it upregulates the degradation of PIF1. PIF1, phytochrome-interaction-factor-1, negatively regulates germination by increasing the expression of proteins that repress the synthesis of gibberellin (GA), a major hormone in the germination process. Another factor that promotes germination is HFR1 which accumulates in light in some way and forms inactive heterodimers with PIF1.


title: Germination

text: Although the exact mechanism is not known, nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in this pathway as well. NO is thought to repress PIF1 gene expression and stabilises HFR1 in some way to support the start of germination. Bethke et al. exposed dormant Arabidopsis seeds to NO gas and within the next 4 days, 90% of the seeds broke dormancy and germinated. The authors also looked at how NO and GA effects the vacuolation process of aleurone cells that allow the movement of nutrients to be digested. A NO mutant resulted in inhibition of vacuolation but when GA was later added the process was active again leading to the belief that NO is prior to GA in the pathway. NO may also lead to the decrease in sensitivity of abscisic acid (ABA), a plant hormone largely responsible for seed dormancy. The balance between GA and ABA is important. When ABA levels are higher than GA then that leads to dormant seeds and when GA levels are higher, seeds germinate. The switch between seed dormancy and germination needs to occur at a time when the seed has the best chances of surviving and an important cue that begins the process of seed germination and overall plant growth is light.


title: Curzon Home Cinema

text: Curzon Home Cinema is a video-on-demand streaming service available in the UK and Ireland where movies are available to rent on a 'pay per watch' basis. It is part of the Curzon World group which has roots going back to 1934. Films on this service are managed by the Curzon Cinemas team, focusing on independent, art-house and foreign-language titles. Initially launched as Curzon on Demand in 2010, and rebranded in 2013, it was the first service in the UK to show selected new cinema releases at home (Premium Video On Demand), the same date they were available to watch in cinemas ("day-and-date"). UK film distributor Curzon Artificial Eye, founded in 1976, is also part of the same business, providing day-and-date releases to the platform, as well as a catalogue of classic titles, including a significant number of Cannes Film Festival Palme d'Or winners. In 2015, more than 60 European films were given day-and-date releases, including Curzon's release of Andrew Haigh's 45 Years, the first such UK title to make over £1 million at the box office.


title: Spot 42 RNA

text: It was for some years unclear if the function of Spot 42 was mediated through the 109 nucleotide RNA itself or if the function was mediated through the 14 amino acids long peptide which is hypothetically encoded from within the sRNA sequence. This was based on the observation that Spot42 contains structural features similar to other non-coding RNAs found in E. coli (such as 6S RNA and lambda bacteriophage), as well as features that are typically found in mRNAs (i.e., polypurine sequence followed by AUG, 14 amino acids and an UGA terminator). Using a filter binding assay and other methods showed that Spot 42 is not an mRNA. In this approach the affinity between Spot42 and the 70S ribosome was tested. Here, Spot 42 showed very inefficient binding to purified 70S ribosomes, which lead to the conclusion that the function of Spot 42 is mediated by the RNA itself. Bækkedal and Haugen made a Spot42 consensus secondary structure based on all known "spf" sequences at the time and found that the spot42 gene is highly conserved across the 5 orders it is identified. The secondary structure has highly conserved nucleotide positions that have the potential to participate in binding with known mRNA targets.


title: Spot 42 RNA

text: In E. coli Spot 42 accumulates under growth in the presence of glucose (i.e., when adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) is low). The direct responsiveness of Spot 42 levels to glucose and cAMP is due to repression of spf expression by a cAMP-CRP (cAMP-receptor protein) complex. Spot42 is found in 100–200 copies per cell when cells are grown in glucose, and is reduced 3–4 folds when cells are grown in succinate (a secondary carbon sources). The reduction of Spot42 in cells grown in secondary carbon sources is a result of binding of the cAMP-CRP complex to the spf promoter, which negatively regulates transcription of Spot42. Later, the proximity of spf to polA (gene encoding DNA polymerase I) led Polayes and co-workers to test whether the products of these genes could influence each other. They found that by reducing levels of Spot 42, either by deletion of spf or by manipulating the growth conditions, the DNA pol A activity was reduced. The underlying mechanism for this observation remains however unknown.


title: Spot 42 RNA

text: The observation that A. salmonicida contains the spf gene (which encodes Spot 42), but lacks the galK operon (the natural Spot 42 target in E. coli), have inspired scientists to study the role of Spot 42 in this fish pathogen. A. salmonicida is unable to utilize galactose (lacks gal operon) in minimal medium and addition of galactose has little effect on the growth rate. When cells are grown in glucose the level of Spot42 is increased 16–40 folds, but is in contrast decreased 3 folds when cAMP is added, indicating that Spot42 probably have similar roles as in E. coli (i.e., in carbohydrate metabolism). It has been hypothesized that Spot 42 works in concert with a novel sRNA gene, called VSsrna24, located 262 nt downstream of spf. The VSsrna42 RNA is approximately 60 nt in length and has an expression pattern opposite to that of Spot42. Furthermore, in a spf deletion mutant a gene encoding a pirin-like protein was upregulated 16 folds. Pirin has key roles in the central metabolism by regulating the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 and therefore select if pyruvate will be fermented or go through respiration through the TCA cycle and electron transport.


title: Team Qhubeka NextHash

text: In July 2015, MTN announced they would end their sponsorship of the team. Two months later, Dimension Data was announced as the team's new primary sponsor. The new team name would be "Team Dimension Data for Qhubeka"; the change in name was intended to demonstrate that the team supported the Qhubeka bicycle charity rather than receiving sponsorship for them. The change came at the same time as rumours were circulating that Mark Cavendish and his lead-out man Mark Renshaw were about to sign with the team for the 2016 season. Days later the team announced Deloitte had agreed to become a major sponsor of the team; the very next day the signing of Cavendish and Renshaw – along with their former teammate Bernhard Eisel – was confirmed. In November 2015, the team announced that Rolf Aldag had been appointed as the team's Performance Manager with immediate effect, following Cavendish and Renshaw from Etixx–Quick-Step. Later that month Roger Hammond announced that he would join the team as a sports director for 2016, combining the role with his current position as manager of the Madison Genesis squad, and it was confirmed that the team had been granted a UCI World Tour licence for the 2016 season, becoming the first African team to enter cycling's top division.


title: Jesse Webster

text: In August 1994, Webster helped arrange to purchase 25 kilograms of cocaine from a drug informant. The deal was abandoned without any drugs changing hands, but Webster discovered months later that he was wanted for questioning. Webster voluntarily turned himself in, and in September 1995 he was indicted. Webster was offered a plea deal if he agreed to work as an informant of a local gang, but Webster declined the offer, saying that he was concerned it would pose a risk to himself and his family. He entered a not guilty plea on September 13, 1995, and on November 30 he was found guilty on 4 counts, including attempt and conspiracy to possess cocaine with intent to distribute and filing false tax returns in 1992 and 1993. The decision was based on the testimony of Webster's co-defendants, who had agreed to plea deals in exchange for their testimony. It was Webster's first conviction, and he had no criminal record. In 1996, Webster was sentenced to life without parole by Judge Zagel, which was the minimum mandatory sentence at the time. Zagel explained during sentencing that he felt the sentence was "too high".


title: Eiswoog

text: Originally the Eiswoog was probably a naturally formed lake. It was probably first artificially impounded in the Middle Ages. The Stumpfwald forest and the Eiswoog both belonged to Ramsen Convent, founded in 1146. It is known that the nuns had fish ponds laid out in several valleys in the area. The Eiswoog, too, acted as a fishpond. After the dissolution of the nunnery its estates went to the Prince-Bishopric of Worms and the Counts of Nassau. In the 18th century, the Eiswoog belonged to the lords of Nassau-Weilburg. In 1812 the iron smelter owner, Ludwig Gienanth, bought the now nationalised "Eisenwoog", in order to expand this water reservoir to supply hydropower to his factories on the Eisbach near and in Eisenberg, and also to ensure their continued operation in times of drought. The dam of the Eiswoog was raised and reinforced in the years that followed, which enabled the water surface to be expanded to its present area of roughly 6 ha. On two occasions, severe storms caused the dam to burst. In the night of 12/13 Apr 1819 the dam broke, flooding the village of Ramsen and on 4 Aug 1875, flooding following the rupture of the dam affected Ramsen and the village of Eisenberg on the Eisbach and damaged factories and mills. In 1832 a reservoir keeper's house was built on the north side of the dam and, in 1876, a hunting lodge was built on the dam. The Stumpfwald road running past the Eiswoog, today the L 395, was built in 1839–1843. The Eis Valley Viaduct was completed in 1932. During the shelling of the railway bridge in 1944 the viaduct was only lightly damaged, but the reservoir keeper's house and hunting lodge were destroyed. The Seehaus Forelle hotel-restaurant on the crest of the dam was built in 1950/51 by Ulrich von Gienanth. Around 1900 a fish farm was established below the dam, which now consists of 14 fishponds. The Eiswoog remains in the ownership of the von Gienanth family today.


title: Banjara

text: Banjaras were historically pastoralists, traders, breeders, and transporters of goods in the inland regions of India, for which they used boats, carts, camels, oxen, donkeys, and sometimes the relatively scarce horse, hence controlling a large section of trade and economy. The mode of transport depended upon the terrain. For example, camels and donkeys were better suited to the highlands, which carts could not negotiate, while oxen were able to progress better through wet lowland areas. Their prowess in negotiating thick forests was particularly prized. They often travelled in groups for protection, this tanda being led by an elected headman, variously described as a muqaddam, nayak, or naik. Such tandas usually comprised carriage of one specific product and thus were essentially a combined trade operation. They could be huge assemblies, some being recorded as comprising 190,000 beasts, and they also serviced the needs of armies, whose movements naturally followed the same trade and caravan routes. The Duke of Wellington used them for that purpose in his campaign against the Maratha Confederacy around the late 1790s, and Jahangir, a Mughal emperor who reigned in the early seventeenth century, described them as


title: Banjara

text: Some Banjara subgroups engaged in trading specific goods, but most traded anything that might make them money—the range was vast, encompassing plains produce such as oilseed, sugarcane, opium, fruits and flowers, forest products (for example, gums, chironji, mahua, berries, honey), and items from the hills, including tobacco and grass. Some traded in specific goods, such as the Labana (salt), Multani (grain), and Mukeri (wood and timber). One common Banjara practice in Berar before the British colonial period was the movement of cotton out of the region and then a return journey with produce, salt, spices, and similar consumptibles into the region. In that area, the Deccan Plateau and the Central Provinces, the Banjaras had a monopoly on the movement of salt prior to the arrival of the East India Company. More generally, they also traded in cattle, moving the beasts around the country's bazaars, and they rented out their carts. Although some older sources have suggested that they did not use credit, Habib's analysis of historic sources suggests that they did and that some were reliant on it.


title: Banjara

text: In the 19th century, and despite some British officials such as Thurston praising their trustworthiness as carriers, the British colonial authorities brought the community under the purview of the Criminal Tribes Act of 1871. Edward Balfour wrote in his On the migratory tribes of natives in Central India that the reduction in the number of wars by that time had contributed to their economic deprivation, while East India Company encroachment on monopolies such as salt also affected them. Many also lost their work as carriers due to the arrival of the railways and improved roads. Some tried to work the forests for wood and produce, some settled as farmers, and others turned to crime. Earlier than this, there had been British people who considered them to be undesirable because of their role in passing messages and weapons to armies as they went about their travels, and there was also a general trend among the British to treat criminality as something that was normal among communities without fixed abode. They were sometimes associated by the British with the Thugee and by the 1830s had gained some notoriety for committing crimes such as roadside robbery, cattle lifting, and theft of grain or other property. The women took a leading role in such criminality, led by the headman of the gang, and if someone was convicted, then the other members of the gang would take care of their families. Poor, mostly illiterate and unskilled, the Banjaras were also resistant to improvement through education, which the British felt left no recourse other than tight control through policing. Their reputation for misdeeds persisted into the early twentieth century.


title: Banjara

text: Although the Banjaras were traditionally a migratory people, each year, they historically settled in fixed-village accommodations during the monsoon months of June—August. Although the introduction of modern modes of transport largely made the community redundant from their traditional occupation, forcing them into economic distress from which they sought relief by turning to agriculture and other unskilled labour, according to V. Sarveswara Naik, as recently as 1996, many still retained a nomadic lifestyle on a seasonal basis to supplement their income. They also retained common traits among their exogamous clans, including strict tribal endogamy, use of the Gor-Boli language, referencing themselves as Gor, settling in tanda groups, using tribal councils called gor panchayats to resolve disputes and, in the case of women, dressing in traditional clothing. However, the men have largely given up their traditional attire of a white dhoti (skirt) and a red turban, along with the wearing of earrings, finger rings, and kanadoro (silver strings worn around the waist).


title: Banjara

text: It is the boys' fathers who initiate marriage proposals, usually when the child reaches the age of 18 and is considered capable of running an independent household. Women and girls, including the prospective bride, have no say in the matter, but the father takes advice from the naik of his tanda and from close relatives. The girls are usually prepared for this arranged marriage from the onset of puberty, and their parents will make a show of resistance when a proposal is made, before her father agrees to the advice given by his naik and village elders. Horoscopes are consulted and information gleaned regarding the boy's prospects. Sometimes, the arrangement is made earlier and may even be solemnised with a betrothal ceremony, called a sagai, but the girl will remain in the household until she attains puberty. When agreement is reached and both sides make a promise to that effect in front of the gor panchayat, the boy's family distributes liquor, betel leaves, and nuts for the tanda and the girl's family. She is presented with a full set of traditional dress upon marriage, which is made by her mother. Women's dress varies according to marital status, as does their ornamentation. Although the ornamentation was once made of ivory and silver, reduced economic circumstances have caused it to be made of plastic and aluminium. The extremely elaborate nature of their dresses, comprising glass pieces, beads, and seashells on a mainly red material, means that they are worn for months between careful launderings.


title: Ethiopia–Italy relations

text: Modern Italian colonial ambitions into Ethiopia began in the 1880s. This was eventually followed by the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889, in which Italy occupied the Ethiopian territory in present-day Eritrea, founding the colony of Italian Eritrea. Years later, the disputed Treaty of Wuchale led to the First Italo-Ethiopian War between 1894 and 1896, where the Ethiopians (supported by Russia and France) successfully fought off European expansion. The peace of Addis Ababa after the defeat of the Italian troops in Adua in 1896, was the beginning of the Ethiopian independence. The Ethiopian territory included the territory conquered by Menelik II and the borders were agreed with the major regional powers: France, Great Britain and Egypt. Moreover, a series of Treaties regulated the relations with Italy, which established the borders between Ethiopia and Eritrea as well as Somalia. However, some territories belonged to Somalia for an ethnic reason, so the fact that Ethiopia had occupied and incorporated them caused tensions in the regional relations. The emperor Haile Selassie, who was the crown prince since 1916 and succeeded to the throne in 1930, strengthened the international legitimisation of Ethiopia, by implementing an open-door policy, which was established with the entry in the League of the Nations of Ethiopia in 1923.


title: Ethiopia–Italy relations

text: Following World War I and the rise of Italian Fascism, the Abyssinia Crisis began, and eventually culminated in the 1935–1936 Second Italo-Ethiopian War. Ethiopia was invaded in 1935 by the Italian troops, who reached Addis Ababa on 5 May 1936. It was a brutal conflict: the Ethiopians used prohibited Dum-dum bullets and began mutilating captured soldiers (often with castration) since the first weeks of war, while the Italians used chemical warfare. Ethiopia lost its independence and became Italian Ethiopia, part of Italian East Africa. During the period of the Italian occupation, Ethiopia was divided into six regions: Eritrea which expanded in part of Tigray Region, Amhara Region (Begemder, Wallo, Gojjam and northern Scioa), Galla-Sidamo, Addis Ababa, Harar and Somalia, which included the Ogaden region. The territorial breakdown was aimed at reducing and controlling the hegemonic power of Amhara people, by using the autonomist tendencies of the other regions. The Italian occupation was characterised by investments in infrastructures aimed to establish a future agricultural and entrepreneurial colonisation.


title: Sophisticated Ladies (Charlie Haden album)

text: Allmusic awarded the album 3½ stars and said, "Sophisticated Ladies does fall just short at times of mimicking a brand of saccharine faux-post-big-band jazz that flourished in the '50s and early '60s, but Haden and his team are too masterful to allow their tribute to lose its stylishness and, of course, its sophistication". Writing in The Guardian, John Fordham observed, "Haden's patient lyricism and devotion to classic song melody always exhibit a disguised intensity and a flawless touch ... all the performances are touched by Haden's instinct for doing the right thing quietly". PopMatters' Steven Horowitz said, "Haden's presence as bassist may not be the most audible feature on the disc, but the evidence here certainly shows that he commands the respect and effort of his band and guest vocalists. The music is consistently smooth and satisfying". Martin Longley of BBC Music said, "Haden has managed to entice some of the most renowned jazz songbirds in the world, and their combined efforts are cumulatively sombre, with a frisson of bittersweet fatalism. Sometimes this build-up can establish a cocktail lounge atmosphere, but in most cases its emotional resonances hover on the right side of poignant". On All About Jazz Chris May wrote, "With top drawer vocals, a virtuoso jazz backbone, immaculate audio quality and engaging liner notes by executive producer Jean-Philippe Allard, Sophisticated Ladies is a delight".


title: Jumeirah Islands

text: The Jumeirah Islands (Arabic: جزر الجميرا) is a housing development in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, developed by Nakheel Properties, a Dubai-based property development company. The development is located inland from Dubai Marina and Jumeirah Lake Towers, east of the central spinal highway, Sheikh Zayed Road (E11), between interchanges 5 and 6. Jumeirah Islands consist of small islands (called clusters), each containing sixteen residential villas; with varied architectural designs ranging from Islamic to Mediterranean. The islands are situated in an artificial lake filled with seawater, with a land-to-water ratio of 23:77. The complex includes fifty islands (forty-six of which are the residential clusters), a restaurant, a supermarket, a clubhouse, a gym, beauty salons, a pharmacy and, a leisure facility. Each of the 736 houses has its own swimming pool. The project was completed by the end of 2006. Nearby properties include the Jumeirah Lake Towers and Palm Jumeirah, both built by Nakheel Properties.


title: Symfonia

text: all of us (the other members) received an email from him , where he stated like, 'Look, I think Symfonia didn't reach the level that I expected it should have reached. Therefore, I must say to you all that there's not going to be a second album. Therefore, I must say to you all that there's not going to be Symfonia anymore. And therefore, I also would like to let you know that I'm intending to quit my musical career forever.' And that was wow, kind of shocking for everyone, like we didn't know what to say. I knew stories from Timo. I had been warned before, because I am friends also with the other people who have worked together with him. But I mean, we had been working on this Symfonia thing for over a year, and nothing really weird happened before this very day. and I said to him, 'Look, I have to respect your decision. It's your life, it's your decision. I still have my solo band which I will dedicate back again. I will go back to it. The only thing I would like you to do is to justify your attitude together with the people who are already compromised with this new record and a possible new tour, because I don't think it's really fair.'


title: Lands of the Hungarian Crown

text: St. King Ladislaus I due to a dynastic crisis in Croatia, with the help of the local nobility who supported his claim managed to swiftly seize power in northern parts of the Croatian kingdom (Slavonia). He was a claimant to the throne due to the fact that his sister was married to the late Croatian king Zvonimir who died without an heir (son Radovan predeceased Zvonimir), however, kingship over all of Croatia would not be achieved until the reign of his successor Coloman. In 1102, during the reign of King Coloman of Hungary, the Kingdom of Croatia entered a dynastic union with the Kingdom of Hungary. Therefore successive Hungarian kings bore the additional title of "King of Croatia and Dalmatia". Institutions of separate Croatian statehood were maintained through the Sabor (an assembly of Croatian nobles) and the Ban (viceroy). The nature of the relationship varied through time, Croatia retained a large degree of internal autonomy overall, while the real power rested in the hands of the local nobility.


title: Captain Underpants and the Perilous Plot of Professor Poopypants

text: Meanwhile, Jerome Horwitz Elementary School is going to a restaurant-arcade called The Piqua Pizza Palace, but when George and Harold rearrange the lunch sign, Mr. Krupp demands they clean the teachers' lounge, making them lose their chance of going to the Piqua Pizza Palace with everyone else. However, the boys get their revenge by modifying things around in the teachers' lounge and after the field trip, the teachers get largely covered in glue and foam pellets. They chase the boys around the school and after seeing the teachers looking like abominable snowmen, Mr. Fyde resigns, thinking he's going insane. This forces Mr. Krupp to put an ad in the putting looking for a replacement, when Professor Poopypants sees it, he applies for the job thinking children to be kind and sweet-hearted, but only gets them interested by building a robot that makes gerbils jog along with them. Some time later, Ms. Ribble reads the Pied Piper of Hamelin, which inspires George and Harold to make a comic about the Professor trying to take over the world, which destroys the last of Professor Poopypants' sanity.


text: He makes the gerbil machine as large as a tall building, then shrinks the school and holds them hostage to turn their names sillier, with a system of 3 alphabetical name charts based on the first/last letter of each part of a first and last name. George and Harold (now "Fluffy" and "Cheeseball" respectively) get Captain Underpants (now "Buttercup Chickenfanny", but refuses to take the order to change names) to steal Professor Poopypants' enlarging machine, but he and the machine are shrunk in the process. The two of them try to enlarge the school back to normal size, but get flicked off the school. Harold makes a paper airplane that George enlarges and after many dangers, Underpants rescues them. George enlarges Underpants to the gerbil's size, then he defeats Professor Poopypants and everyone's names revert. The boys use the machines to bring the school and Captain Underpants back to normal size. Captain Underpants is soaked with water, turning him back into Mr. Krupp. Professor Poopypants is hauled off and from George and Harold, he changes his name to his grandfather's, Tippy Tinkletrousers, that which makes the prisoners and police officers ridicule him even more, much to his anger.


title: Maryhill Burgh Halls

text: The stained glass windows that were on display in the Maryhill Burgh Halls when it first opened were produced by the Glasgow studio Adam and Small. Adam and Small was founded by Stephen Adam, who was born in the vicinity of Edinburgh in 1847 and was of international renown in the field of stained-glass design and production. He had the author Robert Louis Stevenson as a school classmate and started as an apprentice of James Ballantine of Edinburgh. The panels depict ordinary people, dressed in their ordinary work clothing, carrying out various trades that could be found practiced in the Maryhill area during the period. This makes the panels unique, for at the time religion was the main theme depicted by stained glass artists. In other stained glass panels of the period where workers are depicted, they are usually depicted in classical, biblical, or medieval clothing, poses, and settings. The author Michael Donnelly writes that the commission for Maryhill Burgh Halls was "one of the most important commissions" of Stephen Adam's career. The author Ian R. Mitchell describes the stained glass panels as of "world-historic" importance for being "one of the largest and most realistic collection of portraits of labour produced in two centuries."


title: Maryhill Burgh Halls

text: In order to contribute to the lasting legacy of the Maryhill Burgh Halls restoration project, ten new stained glass windows were commissioned. The ten stained glass windows were produced by the Scottish artists Alec Galloway and Margo Winning. The themes for the modern stained glass windows were chosen to reflect themes of importance for the community of Maryhill today. The themes were chosen from suggestions gathered from over two hundred of members of the community. The suggestion were taken over a period of several months at a series of workshops, visits, and talks. The final themes chosen were: culture, diversity, education, heavy trades, regeneration, social heritage, space age, sport and leisure, workers, and youth. After approval of the final designs, each panel was built at Alec Galloway's workshop in Greenock. The titles of the panels are: Art-Beat, Down Maryhill Road, Playing the Game, Global Village, Knowledge, Going Out, Burning Spirit, Made in Maryhill, Touching the Stars, and Yesterday and Today. It is claimed that the 'Touching the Stars' window is the world's first 'interactive stained glass panel', due to the inclusion of an active QR code in the window's design.


title: Maryhill Burgh Halls

text: A competition was launched on 31 August 2020 that involved inviting individuals, local community groups and local schools to create proposals for a community flag. Amongst the reasons for setting up this competition, named 'A Flag for Maryhill', was to bring the community together to reflect on Maryhill's history and look to the future, and to create a symbol which would represent Maryhill's pride as being a part of Glasgow with its own unique sense of character. The entries were submitted to an assessment panel which included representatives from the Flag Institute, the Lyon Court (a court of law that regulates heraldry in Scotland) and a special celebrity guest judge, Scottish actress, Jane McCarry. The panel narrowed the selection down to 5 top designs. From these 5 entries the public voted for their favourite design either by social media or in-person at the Burgh Halls. Voting opened on 5 July 2021 and closed 17 August 2021. The top designs were revealed on 4 July 2021 across the Burgh Halls' social media accounts. The winning flag was revealed at a community event street party on 2 October 2021.


title: Deep Geologic Repository

text: In 2002, the Municipality of Kincardine and OPG signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). The purpose of the MOU was to set out terms under which OPG, in consultation with the Municipality of Kincardine, would develop a plan for the long-term management of L&ILW at the WWMF. As part of the MOU-related activities, Golder Associates, on behalf of OPG and the Ministry of Kincardine, conducted an Independent Assessment Study of three long-term waste management options: enhanced processing and surface storage, surface concrete vaults, and deep rock vaults. The study, published in 2004, included technical feasibility and socio-economic impacts, as well as a review of international practices for waste management. The assessment found that all three long-term management options were technically feasible and could be safely constructed and operated at the WWMF, and that no clear preference for any of the three options had been identified in public attitude and tourism research. Ultimately, the Municipality of Kincardine identified a deep geologic repository as its preferred option for the long-term management of L&ILW, and endorsed the project on April 21, 2004.


title: Deep Geologic Repository

text: Under the Terms of Reference for the review panel, the Panel was to obtain all of the information it required in order to prepare its report to the Minister of the Environment. In doing this, the Panel encouraged participation of government agencies, members of the public, and Aboriginal groups throughout the process. Participants had the opportunity to comment and provide their views to the Panel on whether the EIS and license application documents from OPG adequately addressed the requirements set out in the EIS Guidelines issued to OPG by the federal government. Throughout the process, public hearings were held in both Kincardine and Saugeen Shores, Ontario, and public comments were accepted online through the Canadian Environmental Assessment Registry. Funding was given to participants through CEAA's Participant Funding Program, giving groups the opportunity to have their comments heard throughout the process. The Panel also issued a total of 515 requests for additional information to OPG in order to obtain information requirement to meet the requirements of the EIS Guidelines. The Joint Review Panel published their 450-page Environmental Assessment Report endorsing the DGR project proposal on May 6, 2015. The Panel report, which was delivered to the Minister of the Environment, summarized the information received by the Panel, including comments from participants, and the Panel's conclusions related to the purpose, need and alternatives; design features and project development; waste management; effects on the natural environment; effects on human health and safety; malfunctions, accidents, and malevolent acts; social and economic aspects; Aboriginal interests, rights, and title; post-closure safety case; Lake Huron and the Great Lakes; and cumulative effects. The Panel concluded that the project was not likely to cause significant adverse environmental effects, taking into account the implementation of the mitigation measures committed to by OPG together with the mitigation measures recommended by the Panel.


title: Deep Geologic Repository

text: On February 18, 2016, The Minister of Environment and Climate Change, the Honourable Catherine McKenna, requested additional information and further studies from OPG on the environmental assessment for the proposed DGR project. This came after the submission of the Joint Review Panel Environmental Assessment Report approving the project. The Panel requested that OPG provide additional information on three aspects of the project: (1) alternate locations for the project, (2) cumulative environmental effects of the project, and (3) an updated list of mitigation commitments for each identified adverse effect under the CEAA 2012. In requesting additional information from OPG concerning alternate locations, Minister Catherine McKenna requested "a study that details the environmental effects of technically and economically feasible alternate locations for the project, with specific reference to actual locations that would meet Ontario Power Generation's criteria for technically and economically feasible" In a response letter from OPG dated April 15, 2016, OPG outlined their interpretation of Minister McKenna's request for additional information. OPG stated that they intended to provide an assessment of the environmental effects of two technically and economically feasible geologic regions in Ontario for a new L&ILW disposal facility. This included one assessment to consider a DGR located in a sedimentary rock formation located in Southern Ontario, and one assessment to consider a DGR located in a granite rock formation in central to northern Ontario. On December 28, 2016, OPG submitted their response to the request for additional information issued by Minister McKenna. In the submission, OPG applied the criteria of technical and economic feasibility to the entire province of Ontario, and provided the Panel with two geographic regions that met the criteria - Crystalline Rock, a massive region extending throughout central and northern Ontario, and Sedimentary Rock, encompassing nearly all of southwestern Ontario. Included in this response were a series of GPS coordinates mapping the perimeter of the Crystalline and Sedimentary alternate locations, which encompass more than 70% of the province of Ontario


title: Deep Geologic Repository

text: Since 1978, the CNSC has explored options for safely storing used nuclear waste in granite rock in the Canadian Shield. In 2008, CNSC began investigating sedimentary rock as a suitable geologic formation. While the CNSC website states, "since 1978, the CNSC has been involved in independent and internationally collaborative research focusing on long-term safety issues related to the disposal of radioactive waste and used nuclear fuel in sedimentary rock," their published research indicates that CNSC began researching sedimentary rock as a suitable repository location in 2014. Previous research focused on the feasibility of constructing a DGR facility in the Canadian shield, formed of igneous, not sedimentary rock. The Nuclear Waste Management Organization began its site selection to find a willing community to host a DGR site, "in a suitable rock formation". This is known as a volunteer first" policy, which means that, communities must put themselves forward to host the site, and would get financial compensation."


title: Deep Geologic Repository

text: The lack of precedent in using limestone as a host formation for a DGR makes it very difficult to predict potential failures of the DGR that is not constructed in granite formation. OPG's presentation of assumptions about the DGRs geochemistry is an underestimation of the potential risks of constructing a DGR in limestone formation, as seen in the case of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico that leaked radioactive plutonium to the surface after a drum barrel leaked: "These accidents illustrate how difficult it is to predict potential failures of such a disposal system over millennia. For example, assumptions about the repository's geochemistry or the likelihood of drilling into it can lead to underestimation of the risks." Western University professor, Erika Simpson observed that DGRs constructed in geological formations other than granite have a risky track record. In an op-ed for a London newspaper, she wrote, "It didn't help soothe critics that the only example OPG offered of a similar DGR — the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico — is no longer operating, after an underground fire and loss of containment resulted in radioactive releases to the surface in 2014. Likewise, Germany's vaunted salt mine solution for low-level nuclear waste has also proven to be full of holes as thousands of litres of groundwater continue to leak into the Asse mine every day mixing with radioactive waste." Furthermore, research conducted in China revealed that Exposure to mechanical and chemical weathering has been proven to mechanically destabilize limestone, leading to geohazards including sinkholes and rapid erosion of limestone into soil. This could occur during construction and in the highly extended lifetime of the DGR.


title: Christian Caujolle

text: In the world of image in which we are immersed, there are more and more producers of undifferentiated images, who are ultimately equivalent. And it is a popular production, but it has become illegible because of its mass. For this reason, I think that these image producers may not be photographers at all. In fact, I believe that digital imagery is today exactly in the situation in which photography was in its invention: when photography was invented, the only visual references on which it relied were painting, drawing and architecture. Today, digital image producers have as a reference the history of photography. They therefore produce clichés - since they are clichés, stereotypes - that echo pre-existing photographic images. At the same time, and this is one of the very positive aspects of the development of digital technologies, saying today "I am a photographer" is a real choice: it is a very important statement, since it affirms, it defends the fact that the operator has decided to use a technology that involves a certain type of relationship to reality, a certain manufacture of temporality that is totally different


title: Gualterus Gysaerts

text: Gysaerts collaborated with other painters particularly in the production of garland paintings. Garland paintings are a special type of still life developed in Antwerp by artists such as Jan Brueghel the Elder, Hendrick van Balen, Frans Francken the Younger, Peter Paul Rubens and Daniel Seghers. They typically show a flower garland around a devotional image or portrait. Garland paintings were usually collaborations between a still life and a figure painter. In 1676 Gualterus Gysaerts collaborated with his uncle David Teniers the Younger on a series of 19 garland paintings depicting the martyrs of Gorkum. The series was made for the Minorite Church in Mechelen following the beatification of the martyrs on 9 July 1676. Teniers painted the monochrome bust portrait of each martyr in a cartouche while Gysaerts painted the cartouche and the flower garland surrounding it. Of these paintings, 8 are still known to exist, one of which is in the Rijksmuseum. Both Gysaerts and Teniers signed the painting in the Rijksmuseum.


title: Song of the Watchmen of Modena

text: Francesco Novati proposed that the song was written by a cleric in his cell as he listened to the chant of the guardsmen echo on the walls. This Romantic interpretation has been superseded. At about the same time as the lyric was composed the walls of Modena were augmented for defence against the Magyars, and prayers pleading deliverance from their raids are preserved in the same manuscript as the watchmen's song. The song falls into the tradition of liturgical vigils (known to have been kept at Modena during this time) and the secular vigiliae murorum (vigils of the walls). It was probably composed for use at Mass sending off the guards for duty. The poet invokes the blessing of Christ, the Virgin, and John, who had lately seen a chapel consecrated in their honour on 26 July 881, a date which helps place the poem in time. The chapel of Santa Maria e San Giovanni was beside a city gate, and it was probably there that the guards assembled before their watch and joined the clergy in singing the song.


title: 2024–25 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team

text: UCLA had seven freshmen on their roster, and eight newcomers overall, along with three sophomores. The Bruins won their first three games and started the season 5–2. The team was limited offensively. On January 11, 2024, they lost 90–44 to Utah for their eighth loss in nine games. The 46-point defeat was the second-worst in the program's history, behind a 48-point loss (109–61) to Stanford in 1997. On January 27, UCLA defeated USC 65–50 at the Galen Center. It was the Bruins' first win in their crosstown rivalry under Cronin on the Trojans' home court, ending a five-game losing streak at the site. For the first time since 2004, the teams faced each other both with losing records. UCLA beat Oregon 71–63, dropping the Ducks to second place, for their third straight win and fifth in their last six games. They extended their winning streak to six games, and had won eight of their last nine, leading up to their rematch against Utah. However, the Bruins lost 70–69 to the Utes on a last-second basket. They also lost their following game to USC to fall to 14–13 overall and 9–7 in the conference, needing to win the Pac-12 tournament to advance to the NCAA tournament. UCLA lost their third game in a row, dropping back to .500 after allowing a season high in points in a 94–77 defeat to Washington. The Bruins won their regular-season finale 59–47 at home against Arizona State to end a five-game losing streak, including three at Pauley Pavilion.


title: List of World Rally Championship event winners

text: Sébastien Loeb holds the record for the most event victories, having won 80 times. Sébastien Ogier is second with 57 wins and Marcus Grönholm is third with 30 wins. Sébastien Loeb holds the distinction of having the longest time between his first win and his last. He won his first rally in 2002 at the 2002 Rallye Deutschland, and his last in 2022 at the 2022 Monte Carlo Rally, a span of 19 years, 4 months and 28 days. Shekhar Mehta and Jean-Luc Thérier share the record for the longest period of time between two wins–almost six years between the 1973 Safari Rally and the 1979 Safari Rally for the Kenyan driver and 1974 Press-on-Regardless Rally and 1980 Tour de Corse for the French driver. Loeb holds the record for the most consecutive wins, having two six-win streaks . Kalle Rovanperä is the youngest winner of a World Rally Championship event; he was 20 years, 11 months and 17 days old when he won the 2021 Rally Estonia. Loeb is the oldest winner of a World Rally Championship event; he was 47 years and 331 days old when he won the 2022 Monte Carlo Rally. Neuville holds the record for the most event wins (20) without ever winning a championship.


title: Soviet Line

text: After finishing second on his first run as a four-year-old, Soviet Line was assigned weight of 125 pounds for the Hambleton Stakes, a Listed handicap over one mile at York Racecourse on 11 May. He took the lead two furlongs out and held on well in the closing stages to win by half a length from the five-year-old Philidor to record his first important victory. He was then stepped up in class but was not immediately successful, finishing unplaced in the Diomed Stakes and the Queen Anne Stakes. He was sent to Ireland in August and produced a more promising effort in the Desmond Stakes at the Curragh, finishing third to Heart Lake and Bin Ajwaad, but being promoted to second when the "winner" was disqualified. After finishing fourth in the Winter Hill Stakes at Windsor later that month he started 9/2 joint favourite for the Listed Fortune Stakes over one mile at Kempton Park Racecourse. He won his second race of the year as he led a furlong out and prevailed by a length from the three-year-old Polish Laughter.


title: Soviet Line

text: In the spring of 1996, Soviet Line finished unplaced in the Abernant Stakes and was then beaten a short head by Gabr (to whom he was conceding six pounds) in the Sandown Mile. On 18 May the gelding was ridden by Richard Quinn as he attempted to become the first horse in 25 years to win back-to-back runnings of the Lockinge Stakes and started the 13/2 third favourite behind Spectrum and Charnwood Forset. The other four runners included Gabr and the three-year-old Smart Alec. He raced in second behind Gabr before going to the front a furlong out and got the better of Charnwood Forest to win by a neck with a four length gap back to Spectrum in third. After the race Michael Stoute paid tribute to the gelding's work rider Sheena Dunlop, saying "The horse would not be what he is without Sheena. He's not an easy ride at home – he takes a tug and hangs all over the place – and no-one wants to ride him but her. She looks after him, and knows him well and is the greatest factor in his success". Commenting on the horse's future plans he noted that although the horse was "very game" the weight penalty he had to carry as a Group One winner was "a bit of a bugger".


title: Soviet Line

text: In April 1997 Soviet Line won at Jebel Ali Racecourse in Dubai and was then sent to race in the United States. He was trained in North America by Kiaran McLaughlin although Mark Hennig also conditioned the horse for some of his races. He finished fifth in the Dixie Stakes at Pimlico Race Course on his debut for his new trainer and then won an allowance race at Belmont Park on 7 June. Three weeks later he contested the Grade III Firecracker Handicap at Churchill Downs in which he was ridden by Pat Day and won by three and a half lengths from Volochine. At Saratoga Race Course on 25 July the gelding started favourite for the Grade III Fourstardave Stakes against six opponents. With Day again in the saddle he took the lead before half way and "dug in gamely" to repel the challenge of Val's Prince and win by a short head. After the race McLaughlin commented "It's neat that he's still doing what he wants to do. His best distance is a mile. He doesn't have a future as a stud, but he enjoys his work" whilst Day said "It wasn't pretty, but we got the job done".


title: Soviet Line

text: In 1998, Soviet Line began his season by finishing fifth in an allowance race at Gulfstream Park in March and then ran second to Lasting Approval in the Maker's Mark Mile Stakes at Keeneland in April. He won an allowance at Belmont in June but then failed to repeat his 1997 win in the Firecracker as he was beaten a nose by the four-year-old Claire's Honor. In July the gelding contested the Grade III Robert F. Carey Memorial Handicap at Hawthorne Race Course and started favourite against nine opponents. Ridden by Shane Sellers he overcame "traffic" problems on the second turn before overtaking the front-running Fun To Run in the closing stages and winning by one and three quarter lengths with Wild Event in third. The winning time of 1:33.4 was a new track record. Sellers, who was riding the horse for the first time said "I ended up about three wide turning for home. Down the stretch the opportunity presented itself. I pointed Soviet Line's nose into it, and he took me home. With that kind of horse you can make those kind of moves".


title: Ultra Motorsports

text: The No. 1 truck made its CTS debut at the 2001 Florida Dodge Dealers 200. Ted Musgrave drove the Mopar-sponsored Dodge to a 22nd-place finish after suffering water pump failure. Musgrave was able to recover and won seven races that season. Musgrave won two races over the next two years, and almost won the championship in 2003, but lost it after jumping a restart at the season finale. During the course of the season, he had been diagnosed with bladder cancer. After another near miss at the title in 2004, Musgrave took only one win in 2005 but finally won the championship, the first in Ultra's history. Dodge announced during the season that they would stop supporting Ultra's team. Ultra spent the offseason trying to work out a deal with Ford, but talks fell off, and Ultra was forced to shut down. Smith would later say, in a 2011 interview, that while he had enough sponsorship to keep the team going (even without manufacturer support), the team would not be as competitive as he liked, and that, combined with missing his family while racing, led to his decision to close the doors. The equipment and owner's points were sold to R3 Racing.


title: Ultra Motorsports

text: In addition to switching to Dodge Rams in 2001, Smith hired Scott Riggs to drive the No. 2. Riggs picked up five wins as well as three straight pole positions, and finished fifth in points. However, he moved up to ppc Racing in the Busch Series in the No. 10 Nestle Nesquik Ford, and Smith hired Jason Leffler to take his place. Although he did not win a race in 2002, Leffler had eight pole positions and fifteen top-ten finishes. Leffler returned to Ultra in 2003, and picked up a victory at the MBNA Armed Forces Family 200, but was fired for what was called a violation of his contract; Winston Cup owner Gene Haas had hired Leffler to temporarily take over the No. 0 NetZero Pontiac for Haas CNC Racing after regular driver Jack Sprague was fired and Smith dismissed him shortly thereafter. Jimmy Spencer and Andy Houston took over with Spencer picking up a win at Loudon. Houston returned for 2004, but he and the team struggled and he was released. P. J. Jones, Jamie McMurray and Kasey Kahne shared driving duties for the season, with McMurray and Kahne winning during their relief duties.


title: Sandy Kemper

text: Kemper and his family are also engaged in a number of academic, civic and philanthropic endeavors. Kemper serves on the board of the Agriculture Future of America (AFA), a non-profit scholarship and leadership development organization, which he co-founded and has now grown to include more than 10,000 college scholars in active leadership development programs across the country. Kemper and his wife, Christine, have served as the Co-Chairmen for the World War I Museum's Call to Duty campaign, and have raised nearly $20 Million to enable construction of a new exhibition gallery at the Museum and renovation of existing outdoor space, as well as amenities to enhance the visitor experience as a venue for community and corporate events. In 2016, Sandy and Christine co-founded YEPKC (Young Entrepreneurs Program, Kansas City) along with four other C2FO employees. YEPKC allows juniors and seniors in high school to develop and practice entrepreneurial skills and explore their interests through hands-on professional experience by interning with fast-growth and start-up businesses in the Kansas City area. In 2017, the Henry W. Bloch School of Management named Sandy and Christine its Regional Entrepreneurs of the Year. In 2020, Sandy and Christine were recognized by Junior Achievement of Greater Kansas City as the newest members of its Business Hall of Fame.


title: White Cargo (1973 film)

text: Stella takes pity on him and asks him back to her apartment to dry off; but, as he changes, Stella is kidnapped by Harry. She manages to indicate to Albert that he should find a book, handwritten in Arabic, that she stole from the desk. Chumley and Fosdyke enter the flat, posing as gas meter readers, and advise Albert to take the book to an Eastern trading company for translation, where they lie in wait for him. At the trading company, they translate an address of a house in the country before Albert takes back the book and escapes. At the country house, Albert finds the owner of the strip club, Fox, Harry and a number of hoods running a trade in white slavery. Harry offers up his girlfriend Desirée to complete an order, along with six women chained up in the cellar. Albert sneaks in through the open French windows, and finds one of the women in the cellar is Stella. He daydreams of taking a poker from the upstairs fireplace, freeing the women with it, tying up the hoods and knocking out Fox. Albert finds no poker, but finds a tyre iron in a van outside, and creates a diversion to re-enter the house by jamming on the van's horn. He fails either to free the women or tie up the hoods, and is chained up overnight with Stella. Meanwhile, Chumley and Fosdyke enter the house posing as census takers, but leave suspicious – for all the names they are given for the residents are of famous film actors.


title: Oxocarbenium

text: An oxocarbenium ion (or oxacarbenium ion) is a chemical species characterized by a central sp2-hybridized carbon, an oxygen substituent, and an overall positive charge that is delocalized between the central carbon and oxygen atoms. An oxocarbenium ion is represented by two limiting resonance structures, one in the form of a carbenium ion with the positive charge on carbon and the other in the form of an oxonium species with the formal charge on oxygen. As a resonance hybrid, the true structure falls between the two. Compared to neutral carbonyl compounds like ketones or esters, the carbenium ion form is a larger contributor to the structure. They are common reactive intermediates in the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds, and are a commonly used strategy for chemical glycosylation. These ions have since been proposed as reactive intermediates in a wide range of chemical transformations, and have been utilized in the total synthesis of several natural products. In addition, they commonly appear in mechanisms of enzyme-catalyzed biosynthesis and hydrolysis of carbohydrates in nature. Anthocyanins are natural flavylium dyes, which are stabilized oxocarbenium compounds. Anthocyanins are responsible for the colors of a wide variety of common flowers such as pansies and edible plants such as eggplant and blueberry.


title: Oxocarbenium

text: The best Lewis structure for an oxocarbenium ion contains an oxygen–carbon double bond, with the oxygen atom attached to an additional group and consequently taking on a formal positive charge. In the language of canonical structures (or "resonance"), the polarization of the π bond is described by a secondary carbocationic resonance form, with a formal positive charge on carbon (see above). In terms of frontier molecular orbital theory, the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) of the oxocarbenium ion is a π* orbital that has the large lobe on the carbon atom; the more electronegative oxygen contributes less to the LUMO. Consequently, in an event of a nucleophilic attack, the carbon is the electrophilic site. Compared to a ketone, the polarization of an oxocarbenium ion is accentuated: they more strongly resemble a "true" carbocation, and they are more reactive toward nucleophiles. In organic reactions, ketones are commonly activated by the coordination of a Lewis acid or Brønsted acid to the oxygen to generate an oxocarbenium ion as an intermediate.


title: Oxocarbenium

text: This is also the order of electrophilicity for species containing C=X (X = O, NR) bonds. This order is synthetically significant and explains, for example, why reductive aminations are often best carried out at pH = 5 to 6 using sodium cyanoborohydride (Na+−) or sodium triacetoxyborohydride (Na+−) as a reagent. Bearing an electron-withdrawing group, sodium cyanoborohydride and sodium triacetoxyborohydride are poorer reducing agents than sodium borohydride, and their direct reaction with ketones is generally a slow and inefficient process. However, the iminium ion (but not the imine itself) formed in situ during a reductive amination reaction is a stronger electrophile than the ketone starting material and will react with the hydride source at a synthetically useful rate. Importantly, the reaction is conducted under mildly acidic conditions that protonate the imine intermediate to a significant extent, forming the iminium ion, while not being strongly acidic enough to protonate the ketone, which would form the even more electrophilic oxocarbenium ion. Thus, the reaction conditions and reagent ensure that amine is formed selectively from iminium reduction, instead of direct reduction of the carbonyl group (or its protonated form) to form an alcohol.


title: Oxocarbenium

text: The transition state model for a six-membered oxocarbenium ring was proposed earlier in 1992 by Woods et al. The general strategy for determining the stereochemistry of a nucleophilic addition to a six-membered ring follows a similar procedure to the case of the five-membered ring. The assumption that one makes for this analysis is that the ring is in the same conformation as cyclohexene, with three carbons and the oxygen in a plane with the two other carbon atome puckered out of the plane, with one above and one below (see the figure to the right). Based on the substituients present on the ring, the lowest energy conformation is determined, keeping in mind steric and stereoelectronic effects (see the section below for a discussion of stereoelectronic effects in oxocarbenium rings). Once this conformation is established, one can consider the nucleophilic addition. The addition will proceed through the low energy chair transition state, rather than the relatively high energy twist-boat. An example of this type of reaction can be seen below. The example also highlights how the stereoelectronic effect exerted by an electronegative substituent flips the lowest energy conformation and leads to opposite selectivity.


title: Broadcasting & Cable

text: Broadcasting & Cable (B&C, or Broadcasting+Cable) is a soon to be discontinued monthly telecommunications industry trade magazine published by Future US. Founded in 1931 as Broadcasting, subsequent mergers, acquisitions and industry evolution saw a series of name changes, including Broadcasting and Broadcast Advertising, and Broadcasting-Telecasting, before adopting its current name in 1993. B&C, which was published biweekly until January 1941, and weekly thereafter, covers the business of television in the U.S.—programming, advertising, regulation, technology, finance, and news. In addition to the newsweekly, B&C operates a comprehensive website that provides a roadmap for readers in an industry that is in constant flux due to shifts in technology, culture and legislation, and offers a forum for industry debate and criticism. On August 6, 2024, Future announced that the magazine will cease publication after its September 2024 issue, and switch to a digital-only format on sister website Next TV.


title: Broadcasting & Cable

text: Broadcasting was founded in Washington, D.C., by Martin Codel, Sol Taishoff and former National Association of Broadcasters president Harry Shaw, and the first issue was published on October 15, 1931. Originally, Shaw was publisher, Codel editor, and Taishoff managing editor; when Shaw retired, Codel became publisher and Taishoff took over as editor-in-chief (Taishoff had succeeded Codel writing the radio column for the Consolidated Press Association, both men using the pseudonym "Robert Mack"; the two met while covering radio in Washington). The men operated under the corporate name Broadcasting Publications, Inc.; after Shaw's departure, the company was owned by Codel, Taishoff, and their wives. Codel left the magazine in January 1943, to work in public relations for the Red Cross in the North African theater of the war, but remained on the masthead as publisher until June 1944, at which point Taishoff and his wife bought out the Codels' interest in the magazine. Taishoff then assumed the post of the publisher in addition to editor.


title: Shedin Dekha Hoyechilo

text: Nilkanta Roy is a revered person in the village situated that he resides in North Bengal. His daughters Kabita and Nandini (Srabanti Chatterjee), are more than anything for him in the world. Kabita loves a native called Ajoy, with whom she elopes to Digha on the night of her arranged marriage ceremony. Nilakanta's younger brother Bikash suspects that Ajoy's friends are involved in this incident. Raju, one of the closest friend of Ajoy, who resides in the same village, gets interrogated brutally about the whereabouts of Ajoy's companions. He reveals that three more people, Abir Chatterjee from Kolkata, Shankar Ghosh from Howrah, Arun Das from Haldia and Subhas Saha from Burdwan, also may have helped the couple elope. By mistaken reference of initials in the names, Subhas Basu was kidnapped from Burdwan, while the original man was left untouched and Arun couldn't be caught from Haldia as he was out of town that time. In Kolkata, a drunk Abir is kidnapped at night near his house, who is notoriously known for being a nomad and an expert in escaping. They are imprisoned at a small penthouse in Nilkanta's residence, and all of them plan to escape the next early morning by catching a train to Kolkata. While all others almost approach the train the next morning, Abir stops when he sees Nandini at the village temple situated in the mid-forest and falls in love with her, though she is unaware of his presence. They all are kidnapped yet again by Nilakanta's men and are imprisoned at that penthouse. Its doors remain locked, and only three windows are there where a man can see the entrance door of the main house and the nearby flooring and parking area. While his friends are horrified, Abir is not influenced by the fact that he is in love with a village native and on eloping with her, all of them have to face big trouble from the villagers. Meanwhile, Nandini tries to speak with them with an intention to find out details about Kabita, and neither Abir nor his friends can see her face because of the penthouse's style of construction.


title: Shedin Dekha Hoyechilo

text: He asks her to help him find his love and, in return promises her to tell details about Nandini's whereabouts. The added advantage to Abir is a set of love letters received by Kabita from Ajoy, which are presently in his custody, and Nandini is hell bent recovering them back. Meanwhile, Arun is caught red-handed from Haldia, who, after execution of brutal force by Nilakanta's men, reveals that the couple is in Digha. There Abir manages to send the couple to Kolkata without the knowledge of Nilakanta's henchmen and later at the penthouse, he reveals he is the mastermind behind the act of Kabita eloping with Ajoy, which is heard by Nandini, who hid there to steal the set of love letters and escaped through the back door. She burns up all the letters and reveals all the facts she heard in the penthouse to her maid-servant. All on a sudden, to her surprise, Nandini's uncle Bikash appears there and listens all of these. Because of her, the truth is revealed, and Abir too, finds out that his love is none other than Nandini. When Abir and his friends are brutally tortured, he speaks the truth that the couple are in Kolkata to save his friends. He also reveals that they will marry the next day at temple. Nilkanta, Bikash, Nandini, and others go to Kolkata including Abir and his friends. All of them start searching for the couple at the temple, but when they leaves the place, Kabita and Ajoy reaches there. They did not draw attention of Nilkanta and others. Eventually Abir earns the trust of Nilkanta, his henchmen, and Nandini by saving her from a bunch of goons who try to molest her, and she slowly starts reciprocating his love, though never confesses it. Abir suggests Nilkanta and the others to stay at his home and tells everything to his mother. Abir begins to realise the pain faced by Nilkanta because of Kabita's wrongdoings. The next day, Nilkanta and Abir manage to catch Kabita and Ajoy red-handed at the Prinsep Ghat, and there, Kabita revolts against her father addressing him as a 'chasing dog' in front of everyone and threatens to file a police case on him. In dejection, Nilkanta leaves the place and Abir watches on. During the day of their return to North Bengal, everyone parts ways with Nilkanta apologising to Abir and his friends, and invites them to Nandini's marriage. Nandini stares at Abir, waiting to confess her love, though Abir stands like a statue there till the car leaves for North Bengal.


title: Subhuman Race

text: The band members also do not reflect positively on their work on Subhuman Race. In an interview in November 2006, bassist Rachel Bolan expressed his negative feelings about the album: "That record was a nightmare. Internally the band had fallen apart but we were forced to go in and do another record and it was a nightmare with the recording, writing and producing. We worked with someone we had not worked with before after being so successful with Michael and we were used to the way he did things. I am not slighting Bob at all, he is a genius producer but it was bad timing. I did not have the greatest time, it was nobody's fault, it was just the way things were. Also the record absolutely sucks." In a June 2018 interview on the "Rock Talk with Mitch Lafon" podcast, vocalist Sebastian Bach indicated that, despite featuring "some good tunes", the "very dated production sound" of Subhuman Race has made it an unlistenable album: "In the same way, probably, Lars Ulrich might think St. Anger is dated to that time, I think Subhuman Race might be our St. Anger."


title: Robert J. Davies

text: Robert J. Davies was educated at the University College London and at the Royal Agricultural College in Cirencester. He became a Justice of the Peace for Cardiganshire in 1870. Following his return to Cardiganshire he spent the rest of his life on the small estate of Cwrt Mawr, Llangeitho. He became a prominent figure in the political life of the county and an active Liberal. The county seat had been famously captured at the 1868 General Election by Evan Matthew Richards of Swansea and was won in 1880 by David Davies, Llandinam who was a close friend of R. J. Davies. Consequently, in 1886, when David Davies broke with Gladstone over Irish Home Rule, R. J. Davies supported the Liberal Unionist cause and, at a meeting in Aberystwyth, was instrumental in forming a joint committee of Conservatives and Liberal Unionists to promote his candidature. In 1889, Davies stood for election at the first Cardiganshire County Council elections but was defeated. Three years later, however, he was returned unopposed. He is described as an Unionist on that occasion although it was said that there were signs of his returning to the Liberal Party before the end of his life. He was also a member and chairman of the Tregaron Board of Guardians.


title: Don LaFontaine

text: LaFontaine also did other voice work, including as the announcer for the newscasts on WCBS-TV New York, from 2000 to 2001, narrator of The Making of Star Wars documentary from 1977 and the television shows The Third Eye, World's Most Amazing Videos, Boot Camp, America's Most Wanted, Beyond Belief: Fact or Fiction and Fillmore!. LaFontaine was a recurring guest narrator for clues on the game show Jeopardy! and appeared on NPR's Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! on May 14, 2005, where he played "Not My Job" (a game in which famous people must accurately answer questions unrelated to their chosen professions). The prize (for a listener, not the contestant) is "Carl Kasell's voice on your home answering machine". LaFontaine did not win the game and offered to record the listener's answering machine message himself. LaFontaine once claimed that he enjoyed recording messages like these because it allowed him to be creative in writing unique messages and said that he would do so for anyone who contacted him if he had the time. By 2007, he found the requests to be too numerous for him to take on and stopped providing the service.


title: Der Fuehrer's Face

text: Upon arriving at the factory (at bayonet-point), Donald starts his "48 hours a day" shift of screwing caps onto artillery shells on an assembly line. Mixed in with the shells are portraits of Der Fuehrer, so Donald must perform the Nazi salute for each portrait, all while screwing the caps on with his other hand, much to his disgust. Each new batch of shells is of a different size, ranging from individual bullets to massive shells larger than Donald. The pace of the assembly line intensifies (as in the Charlie Chaplin comedy Modern Times), and Donald finds it increasingly hard to complete all the tasks. The band's song intermittently resumes, but is now more cynical, saying that Der Fuehrer "lies and rants and raves", the citizens "work like slaves" and that they'd like to see Hitler blown up. A different German-accented voice shouts propaganda messages about the superiority of the Aryan race and the glory of working for Der Fuehrer. When Donald momentarily grumbles in frustration, the guards overhear him and point their bayonets at him, forcing him to fearfully recant his complaints.


title: Der Fuehrer's Face

text: Before the film's release, the popular band Spike Jones and His City Slickers, noted for their parodies of popular songs of the time, released a version of Oliver Wallace's theme song, "Der Fuehrer's Face" (also known informally as "The Nazi Song"), itself a parody of the Horst-Wessel-Lied, in September 1942 on RCA Victor Bluebird Records #11586. Unlike the version in the cartoon, some Spike Jones versions contain the sound effect of an instrument he called the "birdaphone", a rubber razzer (also known as the Bronx Cheer) with each "Heil!" to show contempt for Hitler (instead, the cartoon version features the sound of a tuba). The so-called "Bronx Cheer" was a well-known expression of disgust in that time period and was not deemed obscene or offensive. The sheet music cover bears the image of Donald Duck throwing a tomato in Hitler's face. In the Jones version, the chorus line, "Ja, we is the supermen—" is answered by a soloist's "Super-duper super men!" effeminately delivered suggesting the prevalence of epicenes among Nazis; in the Disney version, these lines are delivered flatly but with effeminate gestures by Hermann Göring. The recording was very popular, peaking at No. 3 on the U.S. chart.


title: Canibek Giray

text: His first Persian campaign was an abject failure. After his second Persian failure, in late 1617 or early 1618 Janibek went to Istanbul to explain himself. Here he was caught up in the confusion following the death of Ahmed I. This confusion and Janibek's absence led Shahin Giray to attempt an invasion of Crimea. When things settled down Janibek retained precarious Turkish support and returned to Crimea . In the 1620 Cecora campaign Devlet proved himself a better fighter than his brother. In the 1621 Khotyn campaign Janibek was reluctant to fight a pitched battle and wanted to spread his men out to loot. After the battle his men were turned loose to loot while Janibek went back to Crimea. Many of his followers abandoned him and joined the looters. Osman II had a low opinion of Janibek but left him on the throne. In 1622 Osman was killed by his janissaries. In February 1623 Mere Husein Pasha, a friend of Mehmed, became vizier. Mehmed was released from prison, made khan as Mehmed III and arrived in Kaffa on 19 May 1623. Janibek did not resist but went to istanbul where he was granted an estate at Edirne.


title: Canibek Giray

text: The Russo-Polish truce was about to expire and Russia tried to make an anti-Polish alliance with Turkey. See Smolensk War and Polish–Ottoman War . A Polish war was unpopular with the Crimeans because of their recent experience there and because the Russian-backed Don Cossacks had recently made several of raids on Crimea. Jannibek thought he could ignore the Turks because there was renewed rioting in Istanbul. Salman-Shah-Mirza led an officially unauthorized raid on the upper Don and returned with much loot, which also drew Russian troops from the Polish border. In the summer of 1633 Janibek's 18-year-old son and nureddin Mubarak Giray led the entire Crimean army north. Because Russian troops were away in Poland they crossed the Oka River. For some reason there were negotiations and the Crimean army went home. This seems to be the last time the Crimeans crossed the Oka. At this time the sultan ordered Janibek to join the war against Poland but he refused because his army was in Russia. In the summer of 1633 Murad IV repeated the order and threatened to remove Janibek. The problem was solved when a Persian advance forced the sultan to cancel his campaign. As part of the settlement of the Polish-Ottoman war the sultan decided to move Khan Temir away from the Polish border. In the summer of 1634 Janibek assembled an army on the Dnieper to get this done, but the sultan changed his mind and ordered Janibek to attack Persia.


title: Aryan Brotherhood

text: In late 2002, 29 leaders of the gang were simultaneously rounded up from prisons all over the country and brought to trial under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act. The intention was to bring death sentences for at least 21 of them, in a manner similar to tactics used against organized crime. The case produced 30 convictions but none of the most powerful leaders received a death sentence. Sentencing occurred in March 2006 for three of the most powerful leaders of the gang, including Barry Mills and Tyler Bingham, who were indicted for numerous crimes, including murder, conspiracy, drug trafficking, and racketeering and for ordering killings and beatings from their cells. Bingham and Mills were convicted of murder and sent back to United States Penitentiary Administrative Maximum Facility Prison (ADX) in Florence, Colorado, escaping the death penalty. Bingham is serving a life sentence without parole. Mills, also sentenced to life without parole, died in ADX in 2018.


title: Aryan Brotherhood

text: In June 2019, 16 members and associates of the Aryan Brotherhood were charged with numerous federal offenses following a multiyear investigation inside and outside of California's prisons. Members and associates of the gang were charged with racketeering, murder, attempted murder and drug trafficking crimes. In April 2024, a federal jury found California State Prison Sacramento inmate Ronald "Renegade" Yandell, 61, guilty of murder in aid of racketeering; conspiracy to conduct the affairs of an enterprise through a pattern of racketeering activity; five counts of conspiracy to commit murder in aid of racketeering; two counts of conspiracy to distribute and possess with intent to distribute methamphetamine and heroin; five counts of distribution of heroin; and one count of distribution of methamphetamine. The same jury found inmate Danny Troxell, 71, guilty of conspiracy to conduct the affairs of an enterprise through a pattern of racketeering activity and conspiracy to commit murder in aid of racketeering. The jury found inmate Billy Sylvester, 55, guilty of murder in aid of racketeering; conspiracy to conduct the affairs of an enterprise through a pattern of racketeering activity; conspiracy to distribute and possess with intent to distribute methamphetamine and heroin; and distribution of methamphetamine. The three are already serving life sentences and await punishment for the most recent verdicts.


My Little Pony: Equestria Girls – Legend of Everfree, known simply as Legend of Everfree, is a 2016 animated musical fantasy film which is a part of Hasbro's My Little Pony: Equestria Girls toy line and media franchise, itself a spin-off of the 2010 relaunch of the main My Little Pony franchise. The film was animated using Adobe Flash, written by Kristine Songco and Joanna Lewis, and directed by Ishi Rudell, and was produced by DHX Media's 2D animation studio in Vancouver, Canada for Hasbro Studios in the United States as a sequel to 2015's Friendship Games film. Prior to its release in the United States on Netflix on October 1, 2016, the film was first broadcast on Discovery Kids in Latin America on September 24, 2016. The film was released on home media in the United States and Canada on November 1, 2016 by Shout! Factory. The film received mixed reviews from critics, who praised the animation, voice acting, and music, but criticized its script, plot, and excessive use of too many plotlines all at once.


title: My Little Pony: Equestria Girls – Legend of Everfree

text: Legend of Everfree received mixed reviews from critics. Dakster Sullivan of GeekMom considered the film's story underwhelming following her expectations of the trailer, calling it "less of one overall plot with a grand finale and more of a bunch of subplots that are tied together in the end". However, she added that the subplots "aren't badly written and are actually kind of fun to watch". Ed Liu of ToonZone (now Anime Superhero) discussed the film's culmination of plot threads and "loose ends" from previous Equestria Girls films, which he felt would be more suitable for a television series than a self-contained film, opining "a certain lack of satisfaction by the time the end-credits roll". Francis Rizzo III of DVD Talk gave the film's home release a score of 3.5 out of 5 stars, criticizing its lack of musical numbers and bonus content compared to previous Equestria Girls films, but praising its humor, action sequences, and animation quality. On the film's new characters, she called Gloriosa Daisy "a fine addition, with a different-enough energy to differentiate her from the characters seen in earlier films", while considering Timber Spruce "less engaging", noting the franchise's diminishment of male characters.


title: Armored Train Regiment (Estonia)

text: On November 29, 1938, the Armored Train Regiment celebrated the 20th anniversary of the armored trains of Estonia, which date back to 1918 during the Estonian Independence War. Major General Aleksander Pulk, commander of the 1st Division spoke at the regiment's sports field. Around 100 veterans who were personnel of the armored trains during the Independence war attended. A parade was held on the regiment's sports field. Lunch was offered to the veterans after the parade. Colonel Karl Parts, who led and organized armored trains during the Independence War, gave a speech about Rear Admiral Johan Pitka, who is often called "the father of the armored trains". Parts ended his speech by remembering the fallen personnel of the Armored trains in the Independence War and the actions of Captain Anton Irv, who died in 1919. Other military figures, including General Johan Laidoner, Lieutenant general Paul Lill, and Lieutenant general Nikolai Reek sent telegrams. The celebration continued until the next day on November 30, 1938.


title: Red-crowned parakeet

text: The eggs do not hatch all at the same time. Some chicks can emerge several days after the first one. The hatchlings are born sparsely covered by light grey down and weigh on average 4.6g. They can already produce strong, high-pitched sounds. However, the young are altricial, born completely dependent on their parents to fulfill their basic needs. The first couple of days, the chicks are fed a clear viscous liquid brought by the mother. They are later able to eat solid ground particles. Around day 9, when the nestlings can open their eyes, the male is invited back into the nest. From thereon, both parents take care of feeding their offspring. 30 days after hatching, the chicks have developed feather on most of their body and have grown up to about 83g. They then begin leaving the nest, but remain perched or living on the ground in the vicinity of their nest. The parents still visit their young to provide them with food. It is only 10 days after fledging that the young birds begin to feed on their own. They finally acquire complete independence 4 to 5 weeks after leaving the nest.


title: Ekal Vidyalaya

text: The Ekal Vidyalaya Foundation of USA (EVF USA) is active in fundraising. In June 2008, the Atlanta chapter entertained guests with a music program at a fundraising event. In May 2009, the Southern California chapter launched its annual fundraising drive. A benefit concert in Chicago in July 2009 raised $160,000. In September 2009, the San Diego chapter raised about $14,000 at a cultural event featuring music and dance. The organisation announced that a similar event in Dallas in November 2009 had been very successful. In May 2010, a fundraising concert in Chicago was attended by over 600 people and raised pledges of $82,525. The same month, Ekal Vidyalaya raised almost $500,000 from five charity shows in the mid-Atlantic region. As of 2010, EVF USA had 34 active chapters and supported 9,500 out of the 34,343 Ekal Vidyalayas in India. The foundation raised US$3.5 million in 2010. EVF USA organises fundraising programs in 45 cities in the United States, which feature Indian singers or marathons.


title: Ekal Vidyalaya

text: In 2002, Sabrang Communications and South Asia Citizens Web published a report named The Foreign Exchange of Hate – IDRF and the American Funding of Hindutva on utilisation of funds by India Development and Relief Fund. The report alleged the VHP-run Ekal Vidyalaya schools had the goal of "Hinduizing" tribals and spreading hatred against Indian minorities. In 2005 John Dayal, then president of the All India Catholic Union (AICU) and a member of the National Integration Council expressed concern that the schools were spreading hatred towards members of the Christian minority, in order to "prevent conversions of tribals to Christianity by missionaries." In a 2008 article Angana Chatterji, associate professor of anthropology at California Institute of Integral Studies, identified Ekal Vidyalaya Foundation of USA as one of the charities in the US that had allocated money "disproportionately directed to Hindutva-affiliated groups". In an article in the Daily Times of Pakistan, Khalid Hasan described the Ekal Vidyalayas as having a "curriculum steeped in instilling hatred against non-Hindu religious minorities". Rights activists have claimed that the schools pursue a Hindu-nationalist agenda and generate hatred towards non-Hindu minorities such as Christians.


title: Ekal Vidyalaya

text: In response to the 2002 report published by Sabrang Communications, in March 2003 Ramesh Rao, professor of Communication at Truman State University, and others wrote a report named A Factual Response to the Hate Attack on the India Development and Relief Fund (IDRF). In this report, they wrote that "there has been a concerted campaign against the Ekal Vidyalayas by a combination of media and academic networks ... try as they might, they really cannot find anything wrong with the schools". According to Prakash Sharma, media convener of the Vishwa Hindu Parishad, "The Ekal Vidyalayas are our effort to reach the most deprived areas of the country. Christian missionaries get funds from all over the world: the entire Christian empire backs them. Ours is a completely indigenous effort". François Gautier, French author and journalist, described the Ekal Vidyalayas as "a harmless programme doing wonderful job for tribal children", and questioned why organisations raising funds for them were attacked. A Factual Response to the Hate Attack on the India Development and Relief Fund (IDRF) quotes Yvette Rosser as saying that "the ladies and gentlemen in the villages who teach in Ekal Vidyalaya schools are not teaching hate". A Factual Response to the Hate Attack on the India Development and Relief Fund (IDRF) notes that several other authors have praised the schools' role in providing literacy to millions of children, and stated that the schools do not teach hate but have themselves been the target of a campaign by media and academic networks.


title: Craig Hilton

text: In 2016 Hilton organised an Atheist Pride March through the streets of Dunedin, New Zealand, dressed as his art alter-ego 'Sahelanthropus' – the name of an extinct species of African ape – which the public were invited to join. Hilton suggested they wear an "ancestor costume", such as an ape or a worm. "The Atheist Pride March in Dunedin yesterday was something that had to be seen to be believed," commented the Otago Daily Times. "Marcher Mandy Mayhem made ape-like calls, with low-pitched hoots transitioning into a series of quicker, higher-pitched noises, as she walked along George St holding the placard reading "Thank God! I am an atheist". As Sahelanthropus led the march, he roared chants through a megaphone, including "Uga uga uga chuga" and "free bananas for primates of all beliefs". The march ended at St Paul's Cathedral, where Hilton gave a speech. Dean of the Cathedral Trevor James engaged Hilton in the cathedral foyer. "It's good to have you here ... a conversation between science and faith is not a bad idea," he told Hilton. Hilton said the performance art aimed to celebrate the proud atheist, someone who lived in harmony with those who believed in a God.


title: Meadow Well riots

text: North Shields had been experiencing an economic downturn since the 1980s. Although the tension had been brewing for decades, the riots themselves were finally triggered by the deaths of two local youths, Dale Robson and Colin Atkins, who were killed fleeing the police at high speed when the stolen car in which they were joyriding crashed. The prosecution at the subsequent trial of those accused of being involved in the rioting said the rioters were "gripped by a hatred of the police". Ostensibly in response to such reports of police brutality, locals began looting shops on the estate and setting buildings on fire. These included a youth centre, a health centre, and an electricity sub-station, as well as extensive vandalism to numerous buildings and vehicles. Rioters forced Asian shopkeepers out of their homes before setting them on fire shouting, "Let's burn out the Pakis!" Cars and derelict houses were set on fire and a makeshift barrier was erected in the centre of the estate, which was removed by police.


title: Kaiyuan Changhong Bridge

text: A new single-span stone arch bridge, over 100 meters in length, is to be constructed around 2 kilometers north of the old cable bridge. Construction commenced in March 1960, with an anticipated completion date in September of the same year, coinciding with the National Day celebration. At 4:45 p.m. on September 25, 1960, the arch under construction fell from south to north as a result of a storm. The accident postponed the building timeline by one year, and in September 1961, the bridge was formally inaugurated for traffic. The workers, during the construction of the bridge, used the phrase "overcome the difficulties and offer a long rainbow." Due to the bridge's grandeur and its resemblance to a rainbow soaring over the river, it was christened "Changhong Bridge", which means "long rainbow" in Chinese. Upon its completion, the Changhong Bridge was the biggest single-hole stone arch bridge in China, and the Chinese bridge specialist Mao Yisheng asserted that it was the longest single-arch stone bridge globally at that time.