EVR2001 Chapter 21 - Air Pollution
ih8usydney
Particulate pollution includes all of the following EXCEPT for ___________.
Air pollutants that are formed when primary air pollutants react with one another or other chemicals in the air are called ____________.
Secondary air pollutants
____________ enters the air directly from a readily identifiable source while ________ enters the air from dispersed or mobile sources.
Point source pollution; nonpoint source solution
Which form of air pollution is acid rain?
Secondary air pollutant
Which of the following is a point source of air pollution?
Large, coal-burning power plant
Even the most isolated regions on Earth are vulnerable to the effects of air pollutions because atmospheric and hydrologic circulation moves chemical and particulate pollutants around the globe. This is an example of ___________.
Transboundary pollution
How do secondary pollutants form?
They form when primary air pollutants react with one another or with other chemicals in the air.
Sources of sulfur dioxide (SO2) air pollution include ______________.
- Point sources
- Nonpoint sources
- Volcanoes
- Coal burning power plants
Air pollution can cause which of the following conditions?
- Ground-level ozone
- Water pollution
- Asthma
- Property damage
In developing countries, the main source of indoor air pollution is ________.
Particulates like soot as a result of cooking with wood or charcoal
Increased rates of ______ and ______ have been observed in children living in cities compared to children living in rural areas?
Asthma; allergies
Which of the following air pollutants can cause damage to the nervous, excretory, immune, reproductive, and cardiovascular systems; biomagnify in food chains; and was officially banned from the U.S. gas supply in 1996?
1) carbon monoxide (NOT)
2) mercury
3) lead (Pb)
4) VOCs
5) sulfur dioxide
Lead (Pb)
Which of the following is/are NOT contained in smog?
CFCs
Air pollutants released directly from any source are considered to be which of the following?
Primary air pollutants
Which is FALSE regarding pollutants defined as hazardous by the EPA?
- Even in small doses they can have adverse effects on human health
- They include volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
- They may cause cancer or developmental defects
What is the biggest health problem associated with air pollution?
Respiratory ailments
Which of the following air pollutants is NOT regulated by the EPA?
1) lead
2) ground-level ozone
3) volatile organic compounds (VOC) (NOT)
4) mercury (NOT)
5) None of the above
Maybe None of the above
Paints can release ______ while drying, and one way to prevent these pollutants from accumulating indoors is by ______.
VOCs; providing good ventilation
Which of the following is NOT a source of indoor air pollution?
Foundation cement
Pollution that is produced in one are but falls in a different state or nation is called ___________.
______________ is any material added to the atmosphere that harms organisms, affects the climate, or impacts structures.
_______ is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that is produced from the decay of uranium in rock. After seeping through foundations, it can accumulate in basements and lead to lung cancer.
Which of the following choices is a source of mercury pollution?
- Forest fires
- Mining
- Burning coal
Which of the following is a consequence of acid deposition?
- Reduced nutrient uptake by plants
- Acidified lakes
- Dying forests
- Released aluminum from soils
The World Health Organization estimates that more than ________ people die prematurely each year as a result of exposure to air pollution.
Which of the following is a source of indoor air pollution?
U.S. law authorizes _____ to set standards for dangerous air pollutants.
________ is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases in the United States and other developed nations and a major cause of childhood disability.
What are some solutions for reducing indoor air pollution?
Which sector is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the US?
Which law states that the rate of diffusion of a gas through the liquid is directly proportional to the solubility coefficient of the gas and inversely proportional to the square root of the gram molecular weight of the gas?
Denver is located exactly one mile above sea level, which means the normal atmospheric pressure is less than 1 atm. As a result, does water boil at a lower temperature or a higher temperature in Denver? Explain your reasoning
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Balance the following redox equations. Assume that all reactions take place in a basic environment where $$ O H ^ { - } $$ and $$ H_2O $$ are readily available. $$ \mathrm { Bi } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 3 } + \mathrm { K } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SnO } _ { 2 } \rightarrow \mathrm { Bi } + \mathrm { K } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SnO } _ { 3 } $$
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Consider the reaction: $\mathrm{NiO}(s)+\mathrm{CO}(g) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Ni}(s)+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)$ $K_{\mathrm{c}}=4.0 \times 10^{3} \text { at } 1500 \mathrm{K}$ If a mixture of solid nickel(II) oxide and 0.20 M carbon monoxide comes to equilibrium at 1500 K, what is the equilibrium concentration of $CO_2$?