Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, gift of Seymour H. Knox

(1903–70). The American painter Mark Rothko pioneered abstract expressionism, the most distinctive art movement in the United States in the mid-20th century. He began his career as a realist and moved gradually to increasingly abstract works. Eventually his works became monochromes, statements of what he called minimal art. His bold use of color led to the development of color field painting.

Marcus Rothkovitch was born in Dvinsk, Russia, on Sept. 25, 1903. His family…

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