

Treatment of Biological materials

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الكلية كلية العلوم     القسم قسم علوم الحياة     المرحلة 3
أستاذ المادة اياد محمد جبر المعموري       21/12/2015 02:19:24
Biosafety and Security
Lecture 6
Treatment of Biological materials
1-Biological Waste
Biological waste is defined as waste material consisting of animal tissues, organs, body parts, carcasses, bedding, fluid blood and blood products, items saturated with blood, body fluids, and any material removed during surgery, treatment, autopsy, or for diagnosis that contains or are suspected of containing a serious pathogen. residual wastes that are derived from the treatment of biomedical waste remain biomedical waste unless treated by methods such as incineration, steam sterilization, and chemical disinfection
Biological Agents include the general class of micro-organisms (virus, bacteria, fungi, yeast, etc.), cell cultures and human endoparasites and have been classified into four hazard groups. These are shown below, with some possible examples which you may encounter in your work.

2-Personal Protective Equipment:

Individuals who are handle biological materials must take all reasonable steps to reduce exposure to biological agents, including the utilization of personal protective equipment (PPE).
Gloves: There are numerous different types of disposable gloves available from various manufactures. When handling biological materials, care should be taken to ensure that, an appropriate glove material is selected this ensures that the protective nature of the glove is maintained. Individuals should perform the following steps when handling biological material: (1) check the integrity of the glove; (2) do not wear gloves outside the laboratory; (3) use care when removing contaminated gloves; and (4) dispose of gloves within the appropriate waste stream.
Lab Coat: The utilization of a laboratory coat when handling biological materials reduces the risk of transmission of both biological agents and hazardous materials to research personnel. In addition, lab coats can be removed quickly in case of a spill or fire compared to personal clothing.
Safety Glasses: Are manufactured from shatter-resistant plastic lens, which are designed to protect the eye from flying debris, including biological material and contaminated liquids. It is recommended that individuals who are handling liquids that are comprised from or contaminated by biological agents utilize the appropriate type of eye protection.
Immunizations: Individuals who are working with biological agents should arrange to have their vaccination records reviewed with their personal physician. If a vaccination is available, the supervisor should make vaccination available to the employee/student. For example, anyone who handles human blood and/or tissues should be immunized for Hepatitis B. In some cases, the cost of immunization maybe covered by either public health agencies or private health plans.
3. Segregation:

4. General Biological Waste:
4.1 Examples:

4.2 Approved Packaging/Containment:
4.3 Sterilization / Disinfection:
Steam Sterilization:
Chemical Disinfection
4.4 Transportation / Disposal:
Treated Materials:
Untreated Materials:
supported by a large quantity of guidance.

5-Ways to control risks
Waste Treatment. All biohazard/clinical waste must be rendered safe to handle before leaving the laboratory. It should be clearly identifiable as to the type of waste and the originating location and disposed of via the appropriate route. Further information is contained in the Code of Practice for Work with Biological Agents and Genetically Modified Organisms.

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