Date:2016-10-24 13:13  Author:admin   Click:
立陶宛是一个拥有辉煌文明的历史古国 ，自古以来与俄罗斯一直在北欧和东欧争雄，后由于国力衰退，成为俄罗斯帝国的附庸国并最终遭到吞并。一战后独立，但在二战时又遭苏联吞并，成为苏联加盟共和国之一。1990年3月11日立陶宛宣布脱离苏联再次独立，直到1991年9月6日苏联才承认其独立。后加入欧盟和北约。
人口数量： 293万人（2014年）
　　国土面积： 65300万平方千米（世界第9名）
　　GDP总计： 464亿美元（2013年)、482亿美元（2014年)
         Литва, официальное название —Литовская Республика  — государство, географически расположенное в Северной Европе(Прибалтика). Столица страны — Вильнюс.
Расположена на восточном побережьеБалтийского моря. На севере граничит сЛатвией, на юго-востоке — с Белоруссией, на юго-западе — c Польшей и Калининградской областью России.
Член ООН с 1991 года, ЕС и НАТО — с 2004 года. Входит в Шенгенскую зону и Еврозону.
Lithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania(Lithuanian: Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in Northern Europe. One of the three Baltic states, it is situated along the southeastern shore of theBaltic Sea, to the east of Sweden andDenmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south,Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.9 million people as of 2015, and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Lithuanians are a Baltic people. The official language,Lithuanian, along with Latvian, are the only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family.
For centuries, the southeastern shores of the Baltic Sea were inhabited by various Baltic tribes. In the 1230s, the Lithuanian lands were united byMindaugas, the King of Lithuania, and the first unified Lithuanian state, theKingdom of Lithuania, was created on 6 July 1253. During the 14th century, theGrand Duchy of Lithuania was the largest country in Europe; present-day Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, and parts of Poland and Russia were the territories of the Grand Duchy. With theLublin Union of 1569, Lithuania and Poland formed a voluntary two-state union, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Commonwealth lasted more than two centuries, until neighboring countries systematically dismantled it from 1772–95, with theRussian Empire annexing most of Lithuania's territory.
As World War I neared its end, Lithuania's Act of Independence was signed on 16 February 1918, declaring the re-establishment of a sovereign State of Lithuania. Starting in 1940, Lithuania was occupied first by theSoviet Union and then by Nazi Germany. As World War II neared its end in 1944 and the Germans retreated, the Soviet Union reoccupied Lithuania. On 11 March 1990, a year before the formaldissolution of the Soviet Union, Lithuania became the first Soviet republic to declare itself independent, resulting in the restoration of an independent State of Lithuania.
Lithuania is a member of the European Union, the Council of Europe, a full member of the Schengen Agreement andNATO. It is also a member of the Nordic Investment Bank, and part of Nordic-Baltic cooperation of Northern Europeancountries. The United Nations Human Development Index lists Lithuania as a "very high human development" country. Lithuania has been among the fastest growing economies in the European Union and is ranked 20th in the world in theEase of Doing Business Index. On 1 January 2015, Lithuania adopted the euroas the official currency and became the 19th member of the Eurozone.