Emerg Infect DisEIDEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-6059Centers for Disease Control and Prevention260040007-061610.3201/eid1408.070616ResearchCME ACTIVITY: Systematic Literature Review of Role of Noroviruses in Sporadic Gastroenteritis8200814812241224Systematic Literature Review of Role of Noroviruses in Sporadic Gastroenteritis

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Learning Objectives

Upon completion of this activity, participants will be able to:

Describe the frequency of norovirus (NoV) infection worldwide.

Describe the prevalence of NoV infection among mild-to-moderate community-acquired diarrhea cases.

Describe the morbidity associated with severe diarrhea due to NoV infection.

Identify the most common virulent strains of NoV.

Describe the morbidity and mortality attributed to NoV infection worldwide.


Anne Mather, Technical Writer-Editor, Emerging Infectious Diseases. Disclosure: Anne Mather has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.


Désirée Lie, MD, MSEd, Clinical Professor, Family Medicine, University of California, Orange; Director, Division of Faculty Development, UCI Medical Center, Orange, California. Disclosure: Désirée Lie, MD, MSEd, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.


Disclosures: Manish M. Patel, MD; Marc-Alain Widdowson, VetMB, MSc; Roger I. Glass, MD, PhD; Kenichiro Akazawa; Jan Vinjé, PhD; and Umesh D. Parashar, MBBS, MPH, have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

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Article Title: Systematic Literature Review of Role of Noroviruses in Sporadic Gastroenteritis
CME Questions

Norovirus (NoV) has been documented to cause what percentage of all-cause epidemic gastroenteritis worldwide?

A. 30%

B. 50%

C. 75%

D. 90%

Among 13 studies of community- or clinic-based mild-to-moderate diarrhea cases, what was the most likely pooled proportion attributed to NoV infection?

A. 5%

B. 12%

C. 40%

D. 65%

For severe diarrhea seen in emergency departments and/or resulting in hospitalizations, which of the following best describes the pooled proportion of cases attributable to NoV infection as reported in 23 studies?

A. 2%

B. 11%

C. 23%

D. 35%

Which of the following is considered the most common strain of NoV causing diarrhea among NoV cases?

A. GII.4 cluster

B. GII.1 cluster

C. GI.1 cluster

D. GIII.2 cluster

The worldwide morbidity and mortality from NoV among children in developing countries is best described by which of the following estimations?

A. 5 million hospitalizations

B. 400,000 deaths

C. 216,000 deaths

D. 2.5 million hospitalizations

Activity Evaluation
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2. The material was organized clearly for learning to occur.
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