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23-Jul-2018 17:22

The Indian population, which is estimated to have been between 1.5 and 2 million people in the pre-conquest period, numbers between 300,000 and 400,000.There are over fifty Indian groups, many of which live in relative isolation. The official language is Spanish, which was imposed during the colonial period.

The three Andean Cordilleras (mountain ranges) running the entire length of the country from the north to the south, occupy only 30 percent of the landmass.It contains several small islands in the Atlantic, including San Andrea and Providencia, and in the Pacific, the Malpelo and Gorgona islands have been set aside as natural wildlife reserves.Colombia borders Ecuador and Peru to the south, Brazil and Venezuela to the east, and Panama to the northwest.The treeless regions adjacent to the cold zone usually are referred to as paramos (high plains), above which begin the nevados (snowcapped peaks).