CHD Considered High-risk for Maternal Morbidity and Mortality

1. Patients with mechanical heart valves
2. Single ventricle patients with Fontan palliation
3. Unrepaired or palliated cyanotic lesions
4. Patients with Marfan syndrome and aortic dilation
5. Severe systemic AV valve regurgitation
6. Severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction or aortic stenosis
7. Significant pulmonary hypertension
8. Moderate to severe systemic ventricle dysfunction
  • Adapted from Greutmann M, Pieper PG. Pregnancy in women with congenital heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2015;36(37):2491–2499. AV, atrioventricular.