Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using MgMoO<sub>4</sub>-supported TiO<sub>2</sub> as a heterogeneous catalyst

<p>Energy importers globally are gradually increasing. The maximum demand is for energy sources, especially for crude products. Biodiesel is eco-friendly and it is derived from vegetable oil, animal fat, waste cooking oil, and nonedible oil. In this study, waste cooking oil was used to make biodiesel with the help of a heterogeneous catalyst. Titanium dioxide doped with magnesium molybdate was used as a heterogeneous catalyst to make biodiesel by the alcohol mixture using the ultrasonication technique at 610<sup>°</sup>C for 4 h. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) analysis.</p>