


1.) Pedro visits the clinic and is told that his sperm count is normal. A normal sperm count ranges from:
A.)20 to 100/ml.
B.)100,000 to 200,000/ml
C.)100 to 200/ml
D.)20 to 100 million/ml

Correct ans: D
In semen analysis, sperm count varies depending on the male's physical status and sexual activity. The normal value for total sperm count in semen analysis is approximately 20 to 100 million cells/ml.

2.) Female reproductive cells are produced by the:
B.)Fallopian tube
D.)Pituitary gland

Correct ans: C
Female reproductive cells, or ova, are produced by the ovaries. Reproductive cells reach the uterus via the fallopian tubes, where conception takes place. The two fallopian tubes are attached to the top of the uterus, one on each side, and extend upward from there, ending near the ovary. The pituitary gland is located in the brain and is a major factor in hormone production and balance

3.) Josie is pregnant for the first time and has type 2 diabetes.She asks the nurse, "What hormone increases throughout pregnancy and may interfere with my insulin dosage?" The nurse answers:
C.)Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)
D.)Human Placental Lactogen (HPL)

Correct ans: D
HPL, also called Human Chorionic Somatomammotropin, is produced by the placenta and is antagonistic to insulin. It decreases maternal metabolism of glucose to favor fetal growth and increases the mother's level of free fatty acids. Progesterone and estrogen are ovarian hormones produced by the corpus luteum during early pregnancy. Estrogen is responsible for many of the physiologic changes of pregnancy; progesterone aids in maintenance of the pregnancy and relaxes the smooth muscle. HCG is produced by the placenta and maintains the function of the corpus luteum during early pregnancy. It's the basis for pregnancy tests.

4.) The portion of the uterus whose significant characteristic is to stretch during vaginal birth is the:

Correct ans: C
Circular muscle fibers in the cervix stretch to allow for passage of the product of conception. The corpus is the body of the uterus; the fundus is the top portion of the uterus; and the internal os is the portion of the cervix closest to the uterus.

5.)The fetal heart and kidneys are formed from which germ layer?

Correct ans: A
The mesoderm generates the connective and sclerous tissues, cardiovascular system, musculature, skeleton, spleen, kidneys, ureters, the wall of the digestive tract, and teeth. The endoderm generates the epithelial layers of the larynx, trachea, bladder, urethra, prostate gland, auditory canal, liver, pancreas, and alimentary canal. The ectoderm generates the epidermis, nervous system, pituitary gland, salivary glands, optic lens, lining of the lower portion of the anal canal, hair, and tooth enamel. The dermis isn't a germ layer.

6.)The structure in the fetus that carries oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava is the:
A.)Ductus arteriosus
B.)Ductus venosus
C.)Foramen Ovale
D.)Pulmonary artery

Correct ans: B
The ductus venosus carries oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava. The ductus arteriosus is the anatomic shunt between the pulmonary artery and the arch of the aorta. The foramen ovale is the opening between atria of the fetal heart. The pulmonary artery arises from the right ventricle of the heart and carries unoxygenated blood to the lungs.

7.) The hormone responsible for the development of the ovum during the menstrual cycle is:
C.)Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)
D.)Lutenizing hormone (LH)

Correct ans: C
FSH, which is produced by the pituitary gland, allows the ovarian follicle to grow and develop. Estrogen is responsible for most of the physiologic changes of pregnancy. Progesterone aids in maintenance of the pregnancy and relaxes smooth muscle. LH stimulates ovulation and development of the corpus luteum

8.) WHile discussing the growth and development of the product of conception, a patient asks the nurse, "During what time in my pregnancy is my baby most vulnerable to getting birth defects?" The nurse's response is:
A.)"As your baby is forming in the first 2 months because organ development takes place at this time."
B.)"Throughout your pregnancy."
C.)"Near the end of your pregnancy."
D.)"Halfway through your pregnancy:around 20 weeks or 5 months."

Correct ans: A
Rapid cell division and growth occur during the first 2 months of pregnancy. At the end of the first 8 weeks ( embryonic period), all organ systems and external structures are present.

9.) At prenatal class, Ms. Cruz states that she has just found out that she has a positive pregnancy test. She asks the nurse, "How long does it take before I can feel my baby move?" The correct response is:
A.)"You should be feeling movement now."
B.)"There is no specific time because every baby is different."
C.)"Around 20 weeks, or 5 months' gestation
D.)"After the 35th week of pregnancy."

Correct ans: C
Movement may occur shortly before 20 weeks but usually begins at about this time.

10.) Approximately how many weeks' gestation is a fetus that weighs 1 lb (454g), measures 7 1/2 (19cm) in length, can actively swallow and suck amniotic fluid and has nail on fingers and toes?
A.)14 weeks
B.)16 weeks
C.)20 weeks
D.)24 weeks

Correct ans: C
By gestational age 20 weeks, the fetus has developed hands that can form fists and may spend some time sucking on a hand or fist. The fetus can actively suck and swallow, and nails are visible on the fingers and toes.



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