Friction and Wear of Pantograph and Catenary

  • Guangning WuEmail author
  • Guoqiang Gao
  • Wenfu Wei
  • Zefeng Yang


Friction is the most common phenomenon in daily life, and a lot movement and displacement will be accompanied by friction. Although the term “friction” is well-known, few people understand its true meaning because of the complexity of the nature of friction. Internal friction is considered to hinder the relative displacement of an object itself, so as to distinguish between external friction or friction to be introduced later. Initially, under the shear effect of normal pressure and contact interface, friction can be considered as the actual contact area. Environment is another important factor affecting the formation of contact area, resulting in various surface effects and a variety of friction mechanisms.


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Copyright information

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  • Guangning Wu
    • 1
    Email author
  • Guoqiang Gao
    • 1
  • Wenfu Wei
    • 2
  • Zefeng Yang
    • 3
  1. 1.School of Electrical EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina
  2. 2.ChengduChina
  3. 3.Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina

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