17th Jan 1972

157. The brain receives an input. It finds an appropriate set of BM commands to perform; it does them, and then receives another input etc. What is the appropriate set of commands when the Brain receives a no signal? Obviously it has to create a new set of commands since the output resulting from the first set of commands were incorrect thus implying the first set of commands were incorrect. Or it could modify the old set of commands by taking a new command and replace the last one with the new one.

158. Commands so far known are:

1/ read off the address on a frame into attention device thus changing attention and wait (the frame to be used, indicated by something    yet to be specified)

2/ Read off the frame indicated into output device.

3/ Switch the just executed sequence of outputs to the automatic device to be executed repetitively.

4/ Read off a frame indicated and take the properties if any and recall i.e. look up in LT memory an association with the given properties to the read off concept and put recalled frame in STM.

5/ take the properties (4(a)) and look up last concept in STM with that property this concept is now indicated.

  • Properties are like  1/ next frame in time,

    modified by              2/ frame associated by no.

               a) from a certain address eyes, feeling, ears, address indicated by address of last concept indicated. (The first indicator points to frame just come in as input) the recalled frame is now indicated.

What about checking two things to be similar?

159. A new input comes in and it immediately goes to recall which recalls the sequence of commands executed at that time which are now used by BM as the sequence of commands to use unless a sequence is already being executed by BM.

160. When a no signal comes in the sequence of commands which is associated with it are such that a no is placed beside last command executed and the command is replaced by a new one obtained by looking back in the BM memory and finding what was done in the past after a certain command.

19th Jan 1972

161. We are missing a BM command so that the brain can take the 3 concepts '3', '4', '+' and associate the no. 7 with the input data. How does it do this? It must use short-term memory somehow.

10th Mar 1972

162. Let us have a command to take a block of 2 or 3 or 4 concepts from short term memory and go and find the association in LTM. This solves recognizing patterns as a function of time.

8th June 1972

163. Those things that are remembered are those that are processed or input when the process of thinking is going on (distinct from doing a pre-set order of BM's commands such as reading involves) or when they cause an association or string of associations which lead to an emotional evaluation or stimulus. These are remembered because when an emotion is aroused learning usually takes place and such information must be remembered for survival. See 12th March 1971 - 145

164. There is no backward (in time) association step. To obtain a concept that preceded a known concept we go into an elaborate method of associations to come up behind the known concept. If I want to remember what I did before I sat down I can not recall it instantaneously. I start off by picking a subject long before when I sat down and start proceeding from there until I come up to what I did before I sat down. How do I get that starting subject? I have learnt if I want to do this function that I should need a starting subject so I look around for a cue and produce associated picture concepts until I come across one which has occurred to me this morning and then I proceed from there.

165. How is the following explained? I memorized a series of letters VNSBPX. After many minutes of doing other things I tried to think of what the series was. I could not remember the X yet when I was not trying to recall the X specifically but just rattled off the series I remembered the X well. The rattling off is an automatic well learnt series of BM commands where as thinking was a process of producing the concept BP and trying to get the association X but I came up with S.

7th July 1972

166. In [17th Jan 1972] 158 I described how some brain mechanisms worked. I used an indicator to give a sense of which concept was to be taken. Also a property for this concept. Let it be that the property and indicators to a concept which is the result of a recall process be indicated by the attention devices before the recall is made. Thus in recall and in obtaining an association the attention is paid to a specific sense and frame reference to the similar frame before a recall takes place.

14th July 1972

167. With regard to 17; Since it will remain an adaptive system it will relearn the appropriate skill and the most recent training will be the first to be done when required.

18th July 1972

168. Some interesting things which I can do in the process of thinking. When I'm doing a signal detection or any other job where a certain thing happening indicates the end of the job, I can set it up in my mind so that when that thing happens and attention is paid to it, recall indicates that the thing has happened which was set up to attract attention. Also at the position where the indicator was set up is a reference to "I know what to do then" which is a concept to the steps that have to be taken but that concept is not followed through until the set up is triggered.

13th Aug 1972

169. When a new or different thing is done the thing which instigates that subroutine or process is a change in attention to the initial stimulus or warning. i.e. a change in attention due to outside influence. A change in attention (done during the subroutine itself) due to following out a subroutine is caused by inside influence and does not cause the instigation of another subroutine.

18th Aug 1972

170. When the robot first starts up it will not do anything i.e. no actual movements or output of any kind will come forth. Why? Because it has no experience to go by. It will never have done anything before. We can give it information and reflexively the attention will be directed toward the information. We can not give it punishment so as to make it do something since the punishment has no meaning. This is like giving it punishment for not doing anything; it has no direction associated with the punishment. It does not know what it did that was wrong. We can only punish something that is done not something that is not done.

171. In 7th July 1972 (166) I have come up with the idea that the attention is a device which does something just like a hand is. It receives commands on what to do and when to do them. It starts off doing the things because of a reflex action built into it at making time which is that attention is attracted to any change. This starts out as a reflex and all the changes of attention are recorded as though they were actually done by the centre BM even though they were basically reflexes. After a while the BM will start repeating the switches in attention as though it had been doing them all along (it will start due to some cue and because reward was associated with it in the past.)

172. In 21 I ask how will the brain mechanism take-over and control actions. In the case of the attention if the command to switch attention comes from the BM this has priority over and above the reflex action that might attract attention away from what it is turned to.

15th Sept 1972

173. From 17th Jan 1972 (157) - It does not do anything after a no! It pays attention to the senses and waits for us to tell it what to do.

19th Sept 1972

174. The pain and pleasure should actually be inputs to the system from an internal device which generates these and which is recorded by paying attention to a different sense i.e. pain and pleasure should be another sense different from sight, sound and feel.

5th Nov 1972

175. I can keep paying attention to recalled items asking for an associated concept and I check to see if it is the desired concept i.e. has associated good or bad and then carry on looking for associated concept and checking to see if it is the desired concept until I find it or give up.

176. Let us say we are always following past experiences except we change what we are doing by changing the brain mechanisms we are executing. Attention automatic device tends to change what we are doing at start. At start the program we are following are the reflexes.

29th Nov 1972

177. Each concept can appear to have a varying amount of information stored in it. The word CAT can be thought of in one concept where as XCQ is thought of in 3 concepts. Maybe a reference is stored instead of CAT.