Effektive Berechnung der Dynamik von PKM. • Identifikation der dynamischen Modellparameter .. sonstige. Variable Strebe. Bewegter Fußpunkt. Kniehebel. Auf der ande- ren Seite des Anpresshebels sitzt der Kniehebel. gewährleistet ist. Bei dieser Berechnung wurde eine leichte plastische. Berechnung des Wärmedurchgangskoeffizienten. Teil 2 Numerische Verfahren für Rahmen Stulp-Beschlag, Kniehebel. Double casement fitting, toggle lever.

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Kind code of ref document: Ref legal event code: Country of ref document: Year of fee payment: When punching cutting with self-contained geometric shapes cut is called, which can be circular, oval or polygonal and fancy shapes of all kinds.

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The skilled in the print finishing practices, such as punching with punches, corner kick and register punches are counted to this area. The punching is carried out against a cutting pad or against stamp, partially there are also shear operations. Packaging materials of paper, cardboard, paperboard or corrugated board are mainly punched in sheet format.

Also materials such as film in-moldvarious thin plastics or aluminum foil can be processed accordingly. During the punching process also scoring lines or blind embossing may be incorporated into the benefits but additionally.

Dieser komplexe Prozess macht es unabdingbar, die Kniehebeo einzeln zu stanzen. This complex process makes it essential to punch the sheets individually. Since this is the end products are packaging markets in terms of technical and graphic design is about packaging for cosmetics, cigarettes, pharmaceuticals, food, etc. These claims, the Diecutting best meets. The printed and stacked on a pallet sheet of the punching machine to be supplied. In the machine in an aligning the sheet to be punched are aligned precisely, taken over by a gripper carriage and positioned exactly in the punching bedechnung is mounted between a fixed lower table and a vertically movable via a toggle lever or eccentric upper table.

Alternatively, machines are known in which the upper table is stationary and is moved for punching the lower table to the upper table. In known sheet punching and embossing machines that are used for punching, breaking, stamping and stacking of sheets of paper, paperboard and the like, it is known to move through the individual stations of the machine by means of gripper carriages the sheets.

A respective gripper carriage having a gripper, are attached to the grippers, which grip the sheets at a forward end. Ein Greiferwagen besitzt weiterhin seitliche Fahrwagen, welche mit endlosen Ketten des Transportsystems verbunden sind und wodurch die Greiferwagen durch die Maschine bewegt werden.

A gripper carriage further has lateral carriages, which are connected to endless chains of the transport system and whereby the gripper carriages are moved through the machine.

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Through this type of movement of the sheets through the machine to work continuously in each successively arranged stations of the machine, in particular punching, stripping and separating station, is made possible. Die beiden Tische sind mit Schneid- und Rillwerkzeugen bzw. The two tables are provided with cutting and creasing tools and appropriate counter-tools with which the punched advantage of the intermittently performed between the table surface and at the same time sheets are pressed necessary to clean folding grooves.

In the following Ausbrecheinrichtung the drop across Stripping is machined away. Depending on the configuration breechnung the machine, the punched copies can be separated in a separator provided for this benefit.

To obtain high-quality products, the stamping pressure must in the sheet punching and embossing depending on to be processed sheets can be customized. Diese Stahlplatten befinden sich zwischen Exzenterwellen und dem angetriebenen Berechung. These steel plates are located between the eccentric shafts and the driven upper table.

By moving the wedge-shaped steel plates, the distance between a moving upper table and lower table is fixed, and thus the punching force changed. The various devices for adjusting the cutting force of the prior art have in common that the punching force can be set only global, that is, based on the total surface of the crucible.

However, design reasons, there is a punching force uneven distribution on the surface of the crucible in all stamping and embossing machines of the prior art.


The punching force is applied on individual force introduction points and thus does not abut against the entire pot surface. Depending on the stiffness of the crucible results in a deformation of the upper and lower table, which in turn results in an uneven cutting pressure distribution over the surface of the crucible.

Also, differences in height of the punching or scoring blade, as well as the wear of the blades induce an unequal punch pressure distribution. Der ungleiche Stanzdruck wiederum bewirkt ein unsauberes Schneiden der Schneidmesser des Stanzwerkzeugs. The unequal punching pressure in turn causes an unclean cutting edges of the cutting blades of the punch. According to the prior art, this problem is solved by providing the punch blades are inserted individually. Depending on the deviation from the desired dance force the punch blades are behind adhered to the back of the tool with different thicknesses of paper or plastic strip.

Dieses so genannte Zurichten ist sehr zeitintensiv und muss bei Maschinenstillstand geschehen. This so-called trimming is very time consuming and must be done in machine downtime. Depending on the number of punching blades and the shape to be punched the dressing can take several hours. The high set-up has a low machine productivity. The press has a plurality of hydraulic pistons which carry a printing plate. The pressure plate is used for embossing tools.

The pistons can be driven electrically via a control panel, whereby the pressure build-up on the pressure plate can be varied accurately and purposefully. In order to shift the punching tool dressing in the stamping machine, in a first step, the topography of the crucible of the punching machine is detected.

Die Topographie der Tiegel wird dann nachfolgend in der Abdruckmaschine simuliert. The topography of the crucible is then simulated in the stamping machine in below. This allows the stamping tools can be dressed in the stamping machine and the punching machine can continue to operate during this Zurich Tens.

The expense for the trimming of the punches is not thereby reduced. Commonly known are also thin, flexible force and Druckverteilungstastsensoren with which the force and pressure distribution between two objects can be detected with high resolution. Such piezorestriktiven pressure sensors are arranged mutually, grid-shaped electrode parallel networks. Between the electrodes networks there is a layer of pressure sensitive material, such as silicon, which reacts similar to a strain gauge to pressure.

The effect of pressure on the sensor causes a change in length of the resistive material and thus a change of its resistance. By applying a voltage to the electrodes networks, the resistance value of the resistive material may be determined over its surface. In diesem Dokument wird ein Stanzwerkzeug wie in einer Variante des Verfahrens mittels eines hinterlege Zurichtbogens ausgerichtet. In this document, a punch is oriented as in a variant of the method by means of a compensating sheet lay behind.

Another object is to describe a process which further reduces the set-up time. For example, there is a flat-bed sheet punching machine with a punch and hot foil embossing station. Due to its thin sheet-like formation of the pressure distribution sensor can be easily positioned between the tool and the moving platen or within the tool, in particular at the position at which an overlay is later.

The measurement of the pressure distribution occurs in particular at the working pressure, because the associated pressure distribution for the subsequent cutting and embossing of the machine is of importance and dynamic deformations can be taken into account. In einem zweiten Schritt wird, basierend auf der zuvor ermittelten Druckverteilung, eine Zurichtebedarfsverteilung berechnet. In a second step, is calculated based on the previously determined pressure distribution, a Zurichtebedarfsverteilung.

The Zurichtebedarfsverteilung are the Zurichtebedarf usually in microns at which theoretical for uniform pressure distribution and thus a clean punching and stamping is necessary. In einem dritten Schritt erfolgt das Zurichten des Werkzeugs entsprechend der zuvor berechneten Zurichtebedarfsverteilung. In a third step, the trimming of the tool is carried out according to the previously calculated Zurichtebedarfsverteilung. By this inventive method, the trimming of the tools is considerably accelerated in an advantageous manner, since the Zurichtebedarfsverteilung is determined in one step and not, as usual, has to be determined iteratively by repeated punching or embossing and evaluation of the punching or embossing result.

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So the Zurichtebedarfsverteilung for kniehfbel visualization in a simple manner can be used. Die Visualisierung der Zurichtebedarfsverteilung kann dabei insbesondere durch Anwendung einer Farbkodierung geschehen, dh einem bestimmten Zurichtebedarf wird eine bestimmte Farbe zugeordnet. The berechnungg of the Kneihebel can be done in particular through the use of a color coding, that a specific Zurichtebedarf is assigned to a specific color.


Die Visualisierung kann dabei auf verschiedene Arten erfolgen: So kann die Visualisierung beispielsweise durch Ausgabe auf einem Bildschirm bzw. For example, a Zurichtebedarf of 50 microns yellow color be assigned a Zurichtebedarf of 10 microns, the color red, etc. The visualization can be effected in various ways: For instance, the visualization for example, by display on a screen or a display.

Werden auf dem Bildschirm bzw. Are displayed on the screen or display the punching blade and scoring blade, as is readily apparent to the operator where a trimming must be done.

In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment, the visualization kniehsbel accomplished by output in printed form on a sheet as a print image. The image in this case has the same dimensions as the mold and the sheet can serve as overlay on which corresponding to the Zurichtebedarfsverteilung thin adhesive strips are applied.

servo-spindle press – German translation – Linguee

Also for the trimming itself are several variants. Alternatively, the trimming is possible as a surface finish by depositing the tool with thin sheets of paper such as tissue paper, plastic or the like. Bei der Platte kann es sich beispielsweise um eine plastisch verformte Kunststoffplatte handeln, wie sie beispielsweise in der Trimming by introducing a corresponding to the Zurichtebedarfsverteilung provided with a height profile plate between the tool and the crucible is a further possibility.

In the disk may, for example, be a plastically deformed plastic plate, such as described in the DE 39 28 C1 DE 39 28 C1 beschrieben ist. Also, such a plate could be created by means of a so-called “Layer laminate manufacturing” method, or by a different type of layered structure of the plate or by laminating removal of the disk eg by erosion or etching, as is known from the manufacture of flexible dies for rotary dies.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention the measuring of the pressure distribution, the calculation of a Zurichtebedarfsverteilung and storing the Zurichtebedarfsverteilung carried out berechbung once, so characterized is the machine-specific topography of the upper and lower crucible into account. To make sure the kiehebel accuracy despite wear on the tool, the measurement of the pressure distribution is performed at predetermined time intervals so determined a corrected Zurichtebedarfsverteilung with changes in the pressure distribution and the tool can be further trimmed.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is at the pressure distribution sensor is a piezorestriktiven pressure sensor, in particular a piezo-ceramic pressure sensor.

Such pressure sensors combine the advantages of high resolution with be suitable for high forces. It is particularly advantageous to berechnnug out the measurement at the working pressure is. Nach erfolgter Messung wird der Druckverteilungsssensor wieder entfernt und eine Korrekturbedarfsverteilung, basierend auf den Messwerten, wird errechnet.

Based on this need for berechnug distribution is a surface treatment of at least one of the two crucible, whereby a uniform theoretical pressure distribution over the whole surface of the crucible to be achieved. Besonders vorteilhaft erscheint der Einsatz beerechnung Gitters, welches lniehebel Punkte als Raster abbildet. It is particularly advantageous to use a grating which reflects individual points as raster appear.

For this, the topography of the Zurichteeinrichtung is also determined by measurement of the pressure distribution by means of a sheet-like, in particular sheet-like pressure distribution sensor and stored. In a next step, the tool is inserted, and again determines the distribution of pressure and stored in the Zurichteeinrichtung. Finally, the dressing of the tool can take place.

Die beschriebene Erfindung und die beschriebenen vorteilhaften Weiterbildungen der Erfindung stellen auch in beliebiger Kombination miteinander vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung dar.

The invention described and the advantageous developments of the invention described together represent advantageous developments of the invention in any combination.