GANDHI - Mohandas Karamchand


We call him "Bapu".

Gandhi is a 1982 epic biographical film which dramatizes the life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, an Indian lawyer, and activist who was a leader of the nation's non-violent, non-cooperative independence movement against the United Kingdom's rule of the country during the 20th century.


Although a practicing Hindu, Gandhi's embracing of other faiths, particularly Christianity and Islam, is also depicted.
Gandhi was released in India on 30 November 1982, in the United Kingdom on 3 December 1982, and in the United States on 6 December 1982.


Richard Attenborough won for Best Director and Ben Kingsley for Best Actor.

The screenplay of Gandhi is available as a published book. The film opens with a statement from the filmmakers explaining their approach to the problem of filming Gandhi's complex life story:


One of these visitors—Nathuram Godse—shoots him point blank in the chest. Gandhi exclaims, "Oh, God!" ("H? Ram!" historically), and then falls dead.





Gandhi agrees, and mounts a non-violent non-co-operation campaign of unprecedented scale, coordinating millions of Indians nationwide.

There are some setbacks, such as violence against the protesters and Gandhi's occasional imprisonment. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre is also depicted in the film.






It is hoped that by encouraging the Muslims to live in a separate country, violence will abate. Gandhi is opposed to the idea and is even willing to allow Muhammad Ali Jinnah to become the first prime minister of India, but the Partition of India is carried out nevertheless.



As this happens, viewers hear Gandhi in another voiceover:
As the list of actors is seen at the end, the hymn "Vaishnava Janato" is heard.

The Making of GANDH Film


An interesting archival video depicting the making of Gandhi by the late director Richard Attenborough. The video shows Ben Kingsley, Candice Bergen, and other actors talk about the creativity and intelligence of Richard Attenborough that inspired him to create such a magnificent piece of art that bagged 8 Academy Awards in 1983.

Gandhi - Mohandis Karamchand Gandhi FlyerMall Spyros Peter Goudas

The film Gandhi released in 1982 dramatizing the life of   Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was a phenomenal success. It etched   Ben Kingsley, his portrayal of Gandhi and the life and history of Gandhi deep into the minds of the audience.

One thing you must understand is that certain links allow you to view additional videos of the individuals or things we have posted.

Nevertheless, after exploring all the possibilities for your viewing pleasure, we would like you to return to for more.

Mahatma: Life of Gandhi, 1869--1948

Mahatma: Life of Gandhi, 1869--1948 is a 1968 documentary biography film, detailing the life of Mahatma Gandhi.

The film was produced by The Gandhi National Memorial Fund in cooperation with the Films Division of the Government of India and was directed and scripted by Vithalbhai Jhaveri.

Jhaveri also provides the commentary throughout the film.
The film is in black and white, contains 33 reels (14 chapters), and runs for 330 minutes.

The film was made to seek to tell the life story of Gandhi, and his incessant search for Truth.

The film contains animation, live photography and old prints to provide an integrated image of his life.

The story itself is narrated using mostly Gandhi's own words.
There are several versions of the film.

There is the 5-hour version in English, a shorter version which runs for 2 hours and 16 minutes, and an even shorter version which runs for an hour.

A Hindi version exists, running for 2 hours and 20 minutes, and a German version at 1 hour and 44 minutes.


Killing a Mahatma: The Untold Conspiracy

Headlines Today brings you the untold stories behind Mahatma Gandhi's assassination.

Killing a Mahatma: The Untold Conspiracy  POST IN FLYERMALL by SPYROS PETER GOUDAS

12 Reasons Why Nathuram Godse Killed Gandhi

12 Reasons Why Nathuram Godse Killed Gandhi  POST IN FLYERMALL by SPYROS PETER GOUDAS

1947 partition of India and Pakistan documentary BBC

1947 partition of India and Pakistan documentary BBC  

Krishan Kumar Khanna Indian returned home in Lahore Pakistan after 70 Years

Watch an emotional story of Krishan Kumar Khanna An Indian National returning his childhood home in Lahore Pakistan. Mr. Kumar was forced to leave his house in 47's partition.

This is full of Emotions, tears, love, and respect to Mr. Kumar

Debunking the Gandhi Myth: Arundhati Roy

On The Laura Flanders Show: Author/activist Arundhati Roy on the Annihilation of Caste, B.R. Ambedkar and the Western myth of Mahatma Gandhi.
And Glenn Greenwald addresses diversity concerns about his new media venture

I am not advocating or endorsing Arundhati Roy or Dr. Ambedkar.

Debunking the Gandhi Myth: Arundhati Roy  POST IN FLYERMALL by SPYROS PETER GOUDAS 

Dr Ambedkar Speaking truth about Gandhi and Netaji in BBC Interview 1955

This BBC radio program features B. R. Ambedkar, a distinguished lawyer, and leader of the Untouchables who was opposed to Gandhi's policy relating to a separate electorate of the Untouchables.

Ambedkar recounts memories of meeting Gandhi in 1929 and after the signing of the Poona Pact in jail. As he saw Gandhi in the capacity of an opponent, he feels that he saw more of the real man than his devotees.
Ambedkar considers Gandhi "an episode" rather than "an epoch-maker" and believes he deceived the people and was two-faced over caste.
He analyzes the status of the Untouchables (Harijan) and inconsistencies in Gandhi's apparent championship of them.

Ambedkar feels that political independence would have come without Gandhi, but that the Transfer of Power was premature.

He also examines the motives behind Attlee's sudden change of policy.
He relates his memories of the Poona Pact and his disagreement with Gandhi over the Untouchable suffrage and the electoral system he proposed.

Ambedkar stresses that Gandhi worked entirely as a politician and was not a Mahatma.

Dr Ambedkar saw Gandhi in the capacity of an opponent in BBC Interview 1955

BLUNDERS of NEHRU!! This will boil your blood!! Must Watch!!


Dear friends of FlyerMall:

My name is Spyros Peter Goudas.

Many of you may already know from my biography, The Immigrant, that I am an avid movie fan.

The movie, Gandhi, starring Ben Kingsley, happens to be one of my favorites.

The amount of work that was placed into the production of this movie is enormous.

I have seen this film on several occasions each time to focus on different areas of Mahatma Gandhi's lifespan.

Although there are other films criticising and portraying the negative aspects of his life, I did not want to spend any time emphasizing such issues on the FlyerMall pages.

I truly believe that Gandhi was one of the great men of history.

The photo below is of Richard Attenborough.
Some of you may recognize him from such movies as The Great Escape, The Flight of the Phoenix, among others. Younger followers may recognize him from Jurassic Park.

Richard Attenborough was not just a movie star who played secondary roles in many films, but he was the director of the epic film, Gandhi for which he won 8 Oscars in 1982.

Click on the image you will see many more photos of Richard Attenborough.

We have included his Wikipedia page for your information.

by Jennifer Rosenberg


Mohandas Gandhi is considered the father of the Indian independence movement.

Gandhi spent 20 years in South Africa working to fight discrimination. It was there that he created his concept of satyagraha, a non-violent way of protesting against injustices.

While in India, Gandhi's obvious virtue, simplistic lifestyle, and minimal dress endeared him to the people. He spent his remaining years working diligently to both remove British rule from India as well as to better the lives of India's

Many civil rights leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr.,


Dates: October 2, 1869 - January 30, 1948

Also Known As Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Mahatma ("Great Soul"), Father of the Nation, Bapu ("Father"), Gandhiji

Gandhi's Childhood

Mohandas Gandhi was the last child of his father (Karamchand Gandhi) and his father's fourth wife (Putlibai). During his youth, Mohandas Gandhi was shy, soft-spoken, and only a mediocre student in school.

Although generally an obedient child, at one point Gandhi experimented with eating meat, smoking, and a small amount of stealing -- all of which he later regretted.


Time in London



Attempting to fit into English society, Gandhi spent his first three months in London attempting to make himself into an English gentleman by buying new suits, fine-tuning his English accent, learning French, and taking violin and dance lessons.

After three months of these expensive endeavors, Gandhi decided they were a waste of time and money.

He then canceled all of these classes and spent the remainder of his three-year stay in London being a serious student and living a very simple lifestyle.

In addition to learning to live a very simple and frugal lifestyle, Gandhi discovered his life-long passion for vegetarianism while in England. Although most of the other Indian students ate meat while they were in England, Gandhi was determined not to do so, in part because he had vowed to his mother that he would stay a vegetarian.

In his search for vegetarian restaurants, Gandhi found and joined the London Vegetarian Society. The Society consisted of an intellectual crowd who introduced Gandhi to different authors, such as Henry David Thoreau and Leo Tolstoy.

It was also through members of the Society that Gandhi began to really read the Bhagavad Gita, an epic poem which is considered a sacred text to Hindus.

The new ideas and concepts that he learned from these books set the foundation for his later beliefs.

Gandhi successfully passed the bar on June 10, 1891, and sailed back to India two days later.

For the next two years, Gandhi attempted to practice law in India. Unfortunately, Gandhi found that he lacked both bits of knowledge of Indian law and self-confidence at trial.

When he was offered a year-long position to take a case in South Africa, he was thankful for the opportunity.

Gandhi Arrives in South Africa

At age 23, Gandhi once again left his family behind and set off for South Africa, arriving in British-governed Natal in May 1893.

Although Gandhi was hoping to earn a little bit of money and to learn more about the law, it was in South Africa that Gandhi transformed from a very quiet and shy man to a resilient and potent leader against discrimination.

The beginning of this transformation occurred during a business trip taken shortly after his arrival in South Africa.

Gandhi had only been in South Africa for about a week when he was asked to take the long trip from Natal to the capital of the Dutch-governed Transvaal province of South Africa for his case. It was to be several day trips, including transportation by train and by stagecoach.

When Gandhi boarded the first train of his journey at the Pietermaritzburg station, railroad officials told Gandhi that he needed to transfer to the third-class passenger car.


That was not the last of the injustices Gandhi suffered on this trip. As Gandhi talked to other Indians in South Africa (derogatorily called "coolies"), he found that his experiences were most definitely not isolated incidents but rather, these types of situations were common.

During that first night of his trip, sitting in the cold of the railroad station after being thrown off the train, Gandhi contemplated whether he should go back home to India or to fight the discrimination. After much thought, Gandhi decided that he could not let these injustices continue and that he was going to fight to change these discriminatory practices.

Gandhi, the Reformer

Gandhi spent the next twenty years working to better Indians' rights in South Africa. During the first three years, Gandhi learned more about Indian grievances, studied the law, wrote letters to officials, and organized petitions. On May 22, 1894, Gandhi established the Natal Indian Congress (NIC).

Although the NIC began as an organization for wealthy Indians, Gandhi worked diligently to expand its membership to all classes and castes.

Gandhi became well-known for his activism and his acts were even covered by newspapers in England and India.

In a few short years, Gandhi had become a leader of the Indian community in South Africa.

In 1896, after living three years in South Africa, Gandhi sailed to India with the intention of bringing his wife and two sons back with him. While in India, there was a bubonic plague outbreak.

Since it was then believed that poor sanitation was the cause of the spread of the plague, Gandhi offered to help inspect latrines and offer suggestions for better sanitation.

Although others were willing to inspect the latrines of the wealthy, Gandhi personally inspected the latrines of the untouchables as well as the rich.

He found that it was the wealthy that had the worst sanitation problems.

On November 30, 1896, Gandhi and his family headed for South Africa. Gandhi did not realize that while he had been away from South Africa, his pamphlet of Indian grievances, known as the Green Pamphlet, had been exaggerated and distorted.

When Gandhi's ship reached the Durban harbor, it was detained for 23 days for quarantine.

The real reason for the delay was that there was a large, angry mob of whites at the dock who believed that Gandhi was returning with two shiploads of Indian passengers to overrun South Africa.

When allowed to disembark, Gandhi successfully sent his family off to safety, but he himself was assaulted with bricks, rotten eggs, and fists.

Police arrived in time to save Gandhi from the mob and then escort him to safety.
Once Gandhi had refuted the claims against him and refused to prosecute those who had assailed him, the violence against him stopped.

However, the entire incident strengthened Gandhi's prestige in South Africa.

When the Boer War in South Africa began in 1899, Gandhi organized the Indian Ambulance Corp in which 1,100 Indians heroically helped injured British soldiers.

The goodwill created by this support of South African Indians to the British lasted just long enough for Gandhi to return to India for a year, beginning at the end of 1901.

After traveling through India and successfully drawing public attention to some of the inequalities suffered by the lower classes of Indians, Gandhi returned to South Africa to continue his work there.

A Simplified Life

Influenced by the Gita, Gandhi wanted to purify his life by following the concepts of aparigraha (non-possession) and samabhava (equability). Then, when a friend gave him the book, Unto This Last by John Ruskin, Gandhi became excited about the ideas proffered by Ruskin.



Gandhi moved his newspaper, the Indian Opinion, and its workers to the Phoenix Settlement as well as his own family a bit later. Besides a building for the press, each community member was allotted three acres of land on which to build a dwelling made of corrugated iron.



Thinking that one passion fed others, Gandhi decided to restrict his diet in order to remove passion from his palette. To aid him in this endeavor, Gandhi simplified his diet from strict vegetarianism to foods that were unspiced and usually uncooked, with fruits and nuts being a large portion of his food choices. Fasting, he believed, would also help still the urges of the flesh.


Gandhi believed that his taking the vow of brahmacharya had allowed him the focus to come up with the concept of satyagraha in late 1906. In the very simplest sense, satyagraha is passive resistance. However, Gandhi believed the English phrase of "passive resistance" did not represent the true spirit of Indian resistance since passive resistance was often thought to be used by the weak and was a tactic that could potentially be conducted in anger.



In practice, satyagraha was a focused and forceful nonviolent resistance to a particular injustice. A satyagrahi (a person using satyagraha) would resist the injustice by refusing to follow an unjust law. In doing so, he would not be angry, would put up freely with physical assaults on his person and the confiscation of his property, and would not use foul language to smear his opponent.


The first time Gandhi officially used satyagraha was in South Africa beginning in 1907 when he organized opposition to the Asiatic Registration Law (known as the Black Act).

In March 1907, the Black Act was passed, requiring all Indians - young and old, men and women - to get fingerprinted and to keep registration documents on them at all times. While using satyagraha, Indians refused to get fingerprinted and picketed the documentation offices.

Mass protests were organized, miners went on strike, and masses of Indians illegally traveled from Natal to the Transvaal in opposition to the Black Act.

Many of the protesters were beaten and arrested, including Gandhi.

(This was the first of Gandhi's many jail sentences.) It took seven years of protest, but in June 1914, the Black Act was repealed.

Gandhi had proved that nonviolent protest could be immensely successful.

Back to India




Gandhi's struggles and triumphs in South Africa had been reported in the worldwide press, so by the time he reached home he was a national hero.

Although he was eager to begin reforms in India, a friend advised him to wait a year and spend the time traveling around India to acquaint himself with the people and their tribulations.

Yet Gandhi soon found his fame getting in the way of accurately seeing the conditions that the poorer people lived in the day today. In an attempt to travel more anonymously, Gandhi began wearing a loincloth (dhoti) and sandals (the average dress of the masses) during this journey.








After Gandhi's year of travel and observance was over, he was still stifled in his actions because of the World War. As part of satyagraha, Gandhi had vowed to never take advantage of an opponent's troubles.

With the British fighting a huge war, Gandhi could not fight for Indian freedom from British rule. This did not mean that Gandhi sat idle.

Instead of fighting the British, Gandhi used his influence and satyagraha to change inequities between Indians. For example, Gandhi persuaded landlords to stop forcing their tenant farmers to pay increased rent and mill owners to peacefully settle a strike.

Gandhi used his fame and determination to appeal to the landlords' morals and used fasting as a means to convince the mill owners to settle. Gandhi's reputation and prestige had reached such a high level that people did not want to be responsible for his death (fasting made Gandhi physically weak and in ill-health, with the potential for death).

Turning Against the British

As the First World War reached its end, it was time for Gandhi to focus on the fight for Indian self-rule (Swaraj). In 1919, the British gave Gandhi something specific to fight against - the Rowlatt Act.

This Act gave the British in India nearly free-reign to root out "revolutionary" elements and to detain them indefinitely without trial. In response to this Act, Gandhi organized a mass hartal (general strike), which began on March 30, 1919. Unfortunately, such a large-scale protest quickly got out of hand and in many places, it turned violent.

Even though Gandhi called off the hartal once he heard about the violence, over 300 Indians had died and over 1,100 were injured from British reprisal in the city of Amritsar. Although satyagraha had not been realized during this protest, the Amritsar Massacre heated Indian opinion against the British.

The violence that erupted from the hartal showed Gandhi that the Indian people did not yet fully believe in the power of satyagraha. Thus, Gandhi spent much of the 1920s advocating for satyagraha and struggling to learn how to control nationwide protests to keep them from becoming violent.






The fast created a temporary peace.

Also during this decade, Gandhi began advocating self-reliance as a way to gain freedom from the British. For example, from the time that the British had established India as a colony, the Indians were supplying Britain with raw materials and then importing expensive, woven cloth from England.

Thus, Gandhi advocated that Indians spin their own cloth to free themselves from this reliance on the British.

Gandhi popularized this idea by traveling with his own spinning wheel, often spinning yarn even while giving a speech. In this way, the image of the spinning wheel (charkha) became a symbol for Indian independence.

The Salt March

In December 1928, Gandhi and the Indian National Congress (INC) announced a new challenge to the British government.

If India was not granted the status of a Commonwealth by December 31, 1929, then they would organize a nation-wide protest against British taxes.

The deadline came and passed with no change in British policy.

There were many British taxes to choose from, but Gandhi wanted to choose one that symbolized British exploitation of India's poor. The answer was the salt tax.

Salt was a spice that was used in everyday cooking, even for the poorest in India.

Yet, the British had made it illegal to own salt not sold or produced by the British government, in order to make a profit on all salt sold in India.

The Salt March was the beginning of a nationwide campaign to boycott the salt tax. It began on March 12, 1930, when Gandhi and 78 followers marched out from the Sabarmati Ashram and headed to the sea, about 200 miles away.

The group of marchers grew larger as the days wore on, building up to approximately two or three thousand. The group marched about 12 miles per day in the scorching sun.

When they reached Dandi, a town along the coast, on April 5, the group prayed all night. In the morning, Gandhi made a presentation of picking up a piece of sea salt that lay on the beach. Technically, he had broken the law.

This began a momentous, national endeavor for Indians to make their own salt. Thousands of people went to the beaches to pick up loose salt while others began to evaporate salt water.

Indian-made salt was soon sold across the country. The energy created by this protest was contagious and felt all around India. Peaceful picketing and marches were also conducted.

The British responded with mass arrests.

When Gandhi announced that he planned a march on the government-owned Dharasana Saltworks, the British arrested Gandhi and imprisoned him without trial.

Although the British had hoped that Gandhi's arrest would stop the march, they had underestimated his followers.

The poet Mrs. Sarojini Naidu took over and led the 2,500 marchers. As the group reached the 400 policemen and six British officers who were waiting for them, the marchers approached in a column of 25 at a time.

The marchers were beaten with clubs, often being hit on their heads and shoulders.

The international press watched as the marchers did not even raise their hands to defend themselves. After the first 25 marchers were beaten to the ground, another column of 25 would approach and be beaten, until all 2,500 had marched forward and been pummeled.

The news of the brutal beating by the British of peaceful protesters shocked the world.

Realizing he had to do something to stop the protests, the British viceroy, Lord Irwin, met with Gandhi. The two men agreed on the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, which granted limited salt production and the freeing of all the peaceful protesters from jail as long as Gandhi called off the protests.

While many Indians felt that Gandhi had not been granted enough during these negotiations, Gandhi himself viewed it as a sure step on the road to independence.

Indian Independence

Indian independence did not come quickly. After the success of the Salt March, Gandhi conducted another fast which only enhanced his image as a holy man or prophet. Concerned and dismayed at such adulation, Gandhi retired from politics in 1934 at age 64.

However, Gandhi came out of retirement five years later when the British viceroy brazenly announced that India would side with England during World War II, without having consulted any Indian leaders. The Indian independence movement had been revitalized by this British arrogance.

Many in the British Parliament realized that they were once again facing mass protests in India and began discussing possible ways to create an independent India.

Although Prime Minister Winston Churchill steadfastly opposed the idea of losing India as a British colony, the British announced in March 1941 that it would free India at the end of World War II. This was just not enough for Gandhi.

Wanting independence sooner, Gandhi organized a "Quit India" campaign in 1942. In response, the British once again jailed Gandhi.

When Gandhi was released from prison in 1944, Indian independence seemed in sight. Unfortunately, however, huge disagreements between Hindus and Muslims had arisen.

Since the majority of Indians were Hindu, the Muslims feared not having any political power if there was an independent India.

Thus, the Muslims wanted the six provinces in northwest India, which had a majority population of Muslims, to become an independent country. Gandhi heatedly opposed the idea of a partition of India and did his best to bring all sides together.

The differences between Hindus and Muslims proved too great for even the Mahatma to fix. Massive violence erupted, including raping, slaughter, and the burning of entire towns.

Gandhi toured India, hoping his mere presence could curb the violence.

Although violence did stop where Gandhi visited, he could not be everywhere.

The British, witnessing what seemed sure to become a violent civil war, decided to leave India in August 1947. Before leaving, the British were able to get the Hindus, against Gandhi's wishes, to agree to a partition plan.

On August 15, 1947, Great Britain granted independence to India and to the newly formed Muslim country of Pakistan.

The violence between the Hindus and Muslims continued as millions of Muslim refugees marched out of India on the long trek to Pakistan and millions of Hindus who found themselves in Pakistan packed up their belongings and walked to India.

At no other time have so many people become refugees.

The lines of refugees stretched for miles and many died along the way from illness, exposure, and dehydration. As 15 million Indians became uprooted from their homes, Hindus and Muslims attacked each other with vengeance.

To stop this wide-spread violence, Gandhi once again went on a fast. He would only eat again, he stated, once he saw clear plans to stop the violence.

The fast began on January 13, 1948. Realizing that the frail and aged Gandhi could not withstand a long fast, both sides worked together to create a peace.

On January 18, a group of more than a hundred representatives approached Gandhi with a promise for peace, thus ending Gandhi's fast.


Unfortunately, not everyone was happy with this peace plan. There were a few radical Hindu groups who believed that India should never have been partitioned.

In part, they blamed Gandhi for the separation.

On January 30, 1948, the 78-year-old Gandhi spent his last day as he had many others.

The majority of the day was spent discussing issues with various groups and individuals.

At a few minutes past 5 p.m., when it was time for the prayer meeting, Gandhi began the walk to Birla House.

A crowd had surrounded him as he walked, being supported by two of his grandnieces. In front of him, a young Hindu named Nathuram Godse stopped before him and bowed. Gandhi bowed back. Then Godse rushed forward and shot Gandhi three times with a black, semi-automatic pistol.

Although Gandhi had survived five other assassination attempts, this time, Gandhi fell to the ground, dead.

Mahatma Gandhi - dying for freedom Documentary

DW Documentary

Published on Jan 31, 2018


Why was he killed and what events occurred before and after his murder? This documentary shows how India was dogged by nationalism and religious conflict on its path to independence - and how these factors mark the country to this day.

On 20 January 1948, Gopal Godse, a Hindu fanatic, attempted to assassinate Mahatma Gandhi.

Ten days later, his brother Nathuram Godse managed to finish the job: he killed Gandhi. For Gopal Godse, India's Independence Day in August 1947 was a day of mourning. "Bharat Mata," "Mother India," which the young Brahmin zealously worshipped, had lost many of its provinces.

Predominantly Muslim East Bengal had become East Pakistan, whilst western Punjab, the provinces of Sindh and Baluchistan and the land of the warlike Pashtuns made up West Pakistan a thousand miles away.

This too was predominantly Muslim. Godse didn’t just see the former colonial power, Great Britain, as responsible for the "amputation," he also believed the Muslims were to blame. But, in Godse’s eyes, the main culprit was a Hindu who was celebrated as a hero because he had defied the English, a small man with round wire glasses and a white cotton robe: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, also known as "Mahatma," the great soul.

The Godse brothers did not care that Gandhi had always condemned conflict between the various religious communities and opposed the partition of India.

They were members of the far-right Hindu Mahasabha, the "Great Assembly of Hindus," which had close links with the anti-British and fascist National Volunteer Corps.

And now extremist Hindus are gaining ground in India again...


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Spyros Peter Goudas

CLICK ON THE Letters of Appreciations to Spyros Peter Goudas to view the effects of the disaster in July 2010 following heavy monsoon rains in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh, Punjab, and Balochistan regions of Pakistan.