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Esther 3:1

Haman Conspires to Destroy the Jews

3:1 Some time later 1  King Ahasuerus promoted 2  Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, exalting him and setting his position 3  above that of all the officials who were with him.

Esther 3:10


3:10 So the king removed his signet ring 4  from his hand and gave it to Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, who was hostile toward the Jews.

1 tn Heb “after these things” (so KJV, ASV); NAB, NASB, NIV “After these events.”

2 tn Heb “made great”; NAB “raised…to high rank”; NIV “honored.”

sn The promotion of Haman in 3:1 for reasons unexplained contrasts noticeably with 2:19-23, where Mordecai’s contribution to saving the king’s life goes unnoticed. The irony is striking.

3 tn Heb “chair”; KJV, NRSV “seat”; NASB “established his authority.”

4 sn Possessing the king’s signet ring would enable Haman to act with full royal authority. The king’s ring would be used to impress the royal seal on edicts, making them as binding as if the king himself had enacted them.

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