Gynecology – Farrer Park Hospital
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What is Gynecology?
Gynaecology is a medical specialisation that deals with the treatment of conditions in non-pregnant women involving their female reproductive organs. It commonly involves conditions affecting the cervix, uterus and the ovaries. 
Menstrual Disorders
A spectrum of symptoms and causes fall into this group. Menstrual disorders refer to symptoms ranging from irregular menses, heavy menses, painful menstrual periods to absent menses. The symptoms may be due to varying causes, including the following described medical conditions.

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
This is an infection that affects a woman’s reproductive system and includes the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes and vagina. It commonly presents with symptoms of pain in the lower belly which can worsen during sex, fluid leaking from the vagina, bleeding or spotting from the vagina and pain during a pelvic exam.

Uterine fibroids are tough balls of muscle that form in the uterus but are not cancerous by nature. When symptoms occur, it can vary from heavy periods and a pain in the belly, need to urinate often, constipation to difficulty in getting pregnant.

Endometriosis is a condition that causes pain in the lower part of the belly and results in trouble getting pregnant. It occurs when cells lining the inner wall of the uterus grow outside of the uterus. The pain can occur before or during monthly periods, between monthly periods, during or after sex and when urinating or having a bowel movement.

Ovarian Cysts
Ovarian cysts are little sacs of fluid that form on or in a woman’s ovary. The cysts can cause pain or a feeling of pressure in the belly. In most cases, the cysts are not cancerous. If a cyst is large, causing pain, or appears suspicious of cancer, treatment would be indicated. 

Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer happens when normal cells in the cervix change into abnormal cells and start to grow out of control. There may be no noticeable symptoms in the early stages but it may cause vaginal bleeding that occurs in between menstrual cycles, after sex and after menopause. Doing regular well women screening helps to detect early changes of the cervix.

Uterine Cancer
Uterine cancer happens when normal cells in the uterus change into abnormal cells and grow out of control. Most uterine cancers start in the cells of the thin inner lining of the uterus. A common symptom of uterine cancer is abnormal vaginal bleeding. It includes bleeding in between menstrual cycles, menstrual bleeding that is heavier than usual and vaginal bleeding in a woman who has already undergone menopause.

Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer happens when normal cells in the ovary change into abnormal cells and grow out of control. Common symptoms can include your stomach growing bigger, feeling bloated, having stomach pain, feeling full, having trouble eating and the need to urinate often.
Our gynaecologists assess the patients based on the history of symptoms, detailed physical examination and relevant investigations. Based on the diagnosis and the severity of the conditions, treatment methods may include:

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS): A type of surgery that uses special tools designed to decrease the size of the incisions and reduce damage to the body’s tissues. This includes the use of scopes and various types of surgery ranging from laparoscopic surgery to hysteroscopic surgery. MIS can be used for removal of ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids, and tumours.

High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU): A non-invasive surgery that uses focused ultrasound to generate highly localised heat to treat tumours both benign and malignant. This is mainly used for the treatment of uterine fibroids, adenomyoma, adenomyosis and certain cancers. HIFU is performed at the Day Surgery Suite​.​

Medical treatment: This involves the issuing of medications to treat a range of problems​
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